2022届高考英语语法单选题专项训练：独立主格结构（含答案解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2022届高考英语语法单选题专项训练：独立主格结构（含答案解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 31.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-11-10 22:53:35 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
2022届高考英语语法单选题专项训练：独立主格结构
一、单项选择（共30小题；共49分）
单项选择
1. In Europe unemployment hit a new record with young people _____ it harder to get jobs.
A.to find B.finding C.having found D.found
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2. With all the work _____, they hurried back home for lunch.
A.to finish B.finished
C.finishing D.to be finished
3. With his hair _____, he looked much younger.
A.cut B.cutting C.to cut D.being cut
4. With more and more new drugs _____, doctors don't find it that difficult to treat patients.
A.develop B.developed
C.to develop D.being developed
5. The weather was even colder with the wind _____.
A.blowing B.blown C.blew D.to blow
6. The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes _____ on the wall.
A.fixing B.fixed C.to be fixing D.to be fixed
7. With jobs so hard _____ right now, the idea of being out of work really scares me.
A.finding B.to find C.found D.having found
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
8. _____ only ten minutes to go before the train left, I felt uneasy in the taxi to the railway station.
A.With B.For C.As D.Because
9. The teacher came into the classroom _____ some students following him.
A.for B.when
C.with D.while
10. With two children _____ middle school in the nearby town now, the parents are working hard.
A.to attend B.attending
C.attended D.having attended
11. _____ of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend _____ her.
A.Warned; accompanied
B.Having been warned; accompanying
C.Having warned; accompanied
D.Warning; accompanying
12. Tom looked at Jenny, tears _____ his eyes, and shouted the words _____ in his heart for years.
A.filling; being B.filled; hidden
C.filling; hidden D.filled; hiding
13. All flights _____ because of the snow-storm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.
A.were canceled B.having been canceled
C.had been canceled D.have been canceled
14. With the gains and losses carefully _____, we are confident the plan really deserves a try.
A.weighing B.being weighed
C.weighed D.having weighed
15. Alice was listening attentively to the lecture, with all his attention _____ on it.
A.fix B.fixed C.fixing D.was fixed
16. We got near a garden, _____ owner sitting in it.
A.its B.whose C.that D.which
从每题所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
17. With the final examination _____, we are busy going over what we've learnt this semester.
A.to approaching B.having approached
C.approached D.approaching
18. The movies were usually shown on the playground, with the audience _____ on benches and chairs.
A.seated B.having seated C.to be seated D.seating
19. With too many hard problems _____, Carol decided to cancel his relaxing holiday to Hawaii.
A.settled B.setting C.to settle D.being settled
20. With the guide _____ the way, we had no difficulty in finding the house.
A.to lead B.leading C.led D.lead
21. With domestic demand for grape wine _____, wine tasting has become a promising profession.
A.to soar B.soared C.soaring D.being soared
22. He painted a broad white sandy beach _____ and a hot sun overhead.
A.bright blue waves crashed it
B.with bright blue waves crashing it
C.and bright blue waves crashing it
D.with bright blue waves crashed it
23. —I heard Mr. Smith is the newly elected president of your university.
—Yes. But with a lot of difficult problems _____, he is having a hard time.
A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled
24. So many students _____, we had to put off the meeting.
A.were sick B.had been sick C.to be sick D.being sick
25. With their daughter _____ them with food and clothes, the old couple are living a happy life.
A.providing B.provided C.to provide D.provide
26. _____, there is a festive atmosphere in the air.
A.When the Spring Festival approached
B.With the Spring Festival approaching
C.As the Spring Festival approaching
D.With the Spring Festival approached
27. With so many residents _____, the medical testing company will have a hard time in the following weeks.
A.rechecked B.rechecking
C.having rechecked D.to be rechecked
28. Self-objectification may be a bigger problem for men, _____ the time and effort to edit and improve their selfies, before posting them online.
A.many taken B.with many taking
C.many took D.with much taken
29. The gallery takes a cut of the artwork sold, with prices _____ from $1 to $100.
A.ranged B.ranging C.being ranged D.range
30. With his attention _____ on the shop along the roadside, he knocked an old man down while riding to school.
A.concentrating B.concentrated
C.having concentrated D.to concentrate
答案
第一部分
1 . B
【解析】正确答案是B。考查with的复合结构。句意：在欧洲失业率达到一个新纪录，年轻人发现找工作更难。这里使用了with的复合结构，with+宾语+宾语补足语，因为young people和find是主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语，所以选B。
2 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是with的复合结构。句意：做完所有工作，他们匆忙回家吃午饭了，在With复合结构中，work和finish之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。
3 . A
【解析】正确答案是A。考查with复合结构。此处考查的是“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，其中his hair与cut之间是逻辑上的动宾关系且动作已完成，故用动词的过去分词形式作宾补。
4 . B
【解析】正确答案是B。考查非谓语动词。develop与new drugs之间是动宾关系，故该处需要用动词的被动形式。
5 . A
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着风刮着，天越发冷了。可知本题 with 复合结构中，the wind 和 blow 为主动关系，因此排除 B 和 C 选项。to do 不定式表将来，排除，因此选择 A。
6 . B
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。短语：fix one's eyes on 眼睛集中在，句意：这个小女孩坐在那非常安静眼睛还被集中在墙上。所以选 B。
7 . B
8 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题考查的是with复合结构。“with+n.+to do"在此作原因状语，不定式表示将来的动作。
9 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题考查的是with复合结构。句意：老师走进教室，一些学生跟着他。空前是完整的句子，空后却不是，when/while引导从句时，若主从句的主语不一致，从句必须是完整的句子，排除B和D；for作连词用时其后也必须是完整的句子，也不能与“n.+V-ing”结构连用，排除A；此处是“with+宾语+宾补（现在分词）”作伴随状语。
10 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是非谓语动词。children和attend是主动关系，故用现在分词构成“with sb. doing”的with复合结构作状语。
11 . B
12 . C
13 . B
【解析】
所有航班由于暴风雪都被取消了，许多乘客只能坐火车。考查独立主格结构。本句中间加了逗号，而无连词连接，所以空格处应用非谓语动词作状语；all flights 是动词 cancel 的逻辑主语，逗号前为独立主格结构。B 项正确。故选：B。
14 . C
15 . B
16 . A
【解析】
此题考查独立主格。句意：我们走到一个花园，花园的主人坐在里面。根据后面部分中没有谓语动词而是 sitting，可判断此处是一个独立主格结构而非定语从句，所以不填关系词，填 its。
17 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题考查的是非谓语动词和with复合结构。句意：期末考试快到了，我们正忙着复习这学期学过的知识。the final examination与“靠近”是主谓关系，故使用现在分词作宾语补足语构成with复合结构“with sth. doing”作状语。在with复合结构中，宾语补足语没有A和B两种形式。
18 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题考查的是非谓语动词。句意：电影通常在操场上放映，观众坐在长凳和椅子上。seat 使就坐，与the audience是动宾关系，故使用过去分词seated表示被动，构成“with sb. done”的复合结构作伴随状语。
19 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题考查的是with复合结构。句意：由于有太多棘手的问题要解决，卡罗尔决定取消他去夏威夷的轻松假期。settle是将来的动作，故使用不定式作宾语补足语构成with复合结构作状语。
20 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是非谓语动词。句意：在导游的指引下，我们毫不费力地找到了房子。此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”构成的复合结构，因为"the guide"与"lead"之间为主动关系，故用leading。
21 . C
22 . B
23 . C
24 . D
【解析】
这是个分词独立结构的句子。分词独立结构的示意图是：
主语 1+谓语，主语 2+分词（分词独立结构）。
所以选项 D 正确。我们知道：“主语 1+谓语 1，主语 2+谓语 2”的结构是个错句。所以选项 A、B 错。选项 C，to be sick 是个将来的动作，不符题意。
25 . A
【解析】
有了女儿提供的衣食，这对老夫妇过着幸福的生活。根据句意理解及对句子的观察，可知这是一个句首用独立主格结构作状语的句子，with+宾语+宾语补足语，宾语 their daughter 是动词 provide 的逻辑主语，它们之间是主谓关系，所以使用 provide 的现在分词作宾语补足语。
26 . B
27 . D
28 . B
【解析】
考查独立柱格结构。句意：对男性来说，自我客观化可能是一个更大的问题，因为很多男性在上传自拍照之前，会花时间和精力来编辑和改进自拍照。根据句意以及分析句子可知，设空后为“with+宾语+宾补”结构；many 在句中为代词，指代前文的复数名词（men），意为“很多男性”，take 与 many 是逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词做宾补，表主动。
29 . B
【解析】
考查现在分词。句意：画廊从售出的艺术品中提成，价格从 1 美元到 100 美元不等。该句使用短语 range from…to…，意为“范围从……到……不等”，分析句子成分可知，“with prices _____ from $1 to $100”为“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，选项中所给核心词“range”与宾语 prices 之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词的主动形式，故选 B。
30 . B
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处“with+宾语+宾补”结构作原因状语，attention 与 concentrate 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作宾补。句意：（由于）他的注意力集中在路边的商店上，骑车上学时撞倒了一位老人。所以选 B 项。
第1页（共1 页）
一、单项选择（共30小题；共49分）
单项选择
1. In Europe unemployment hit a new record with young people _____ it harder to get jobs.
A.to find B.finding C.having found D.found
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2. With all the work _____, they hurried back home for lunch.
A.to finish B.finished
C.finishing D.to be finished
3. With his hair _____, he looked much younger.
A.cut B.cutting C.to cut D.being cut
4. With more and more new drugs _____, doctors don't find it that difficult to treat patients.
A.develop B.developed
C.to develop D.being developed
5. The weather was even colder with the wind _____.
A.blowing B.blown C.blew D.to blow
6. The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes _____ on the wall.
A.fixing B.fixed C.to be fixing D.to be fixed
7. With jobs so hard _____ right now, the idea of being out of work really scares me.
A.finding B.to find C.found D.having found
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
8. _____ only ten minutes to go before the train left, I felt uneasy in the taxi to the railway station.
A.With B.For C.As D.Because
9. The teacher came into the classroom _____ some students following him.
A.for B.when
C.with D.while
10. With two children _____ middle school in the nearby town now, the parents are working hard.
A.to attend B.attending
C.attended D.having attended
11. _____ of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend _____ her.
A.Warned; accompanied
B.Having been warned; accompanying
C.Having warned; accompanied
D.Warning; accompanying
12. Tom looked at Jenny, tears _____ his eyes, and shouted the words _____ in his heart for years.
A.filling; being B.filled; hidden
C.filling; hidden D.filled; hiding
13. All flights _____ because of the snow-storm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.
A.were canceled B.having been canceled
C.had been canceled D.have been canceled
14. With the gains and losses carefully _____, we are confident the plan really deserves a try.
A.weighing B.being weighed
C.weighed D.having weighed
15. Alice was listening attentively to the lecture, with all his attention _____ on it.
A.fix B.fixed C.fixing D.was fixed
16. We got near a garden, _____ owner sitting in it.
A.its B.whose C.that D.which
从每题所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
17. With the final examination _____, we are busy going over what we've learnt this semester.
A.to approaching B.having approached
C.approached D.approaching
18. The movies were usually shown on the playground, with the audience _____ on benches and chairs.
A.seated B.having seated C.to be seated D.seating
19. With too many hard problems _____, Carol decided to cancel his relaxing holiday to Hawaii.
A.settled B.setting C.to settle D.being settled
20. With the guide _____ the way, we had no difficulty in finding the house.
A.to lead B.leading C.led D.lead
21. With domestic demand for grape wine _____, wine tasting has become a promising profession.
A.to soar B.soared C.soaring D.being soared
22. He painted a broad white sandy beach _____ and a hot sun overhead.
A.bright blue waves crashed it
B.with bright blue waves crashing it
C.and bright blue waves crashing it
D.with bright blue waves crashed it
23. —I heard Mr. Smith is the newly elected president of your university.
—Yes. But with a lot of difficult problems _____, he is having a hard time.
A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled
24. So many students _____, we had to put off the meeting.
A.were sick B.had been sick C.to be sick D.being sick
25. With their daughter _____ them with food and clothes, the old couple are living a happy life.
A.providing B.provided C.to provide D.provide
26. _____, there is a festive atmosphere in the air.
A.When the Spring Festival approached
B.With the Spring Festival approaching
C.As the Spring Festival approaching
D.With the Spring Festival approached
27. With so many residents _____, the medical testing company will have a hard time in the following weeks.
A.rechecked B.rechecking
C.having rechecked D.to be rechecked
28. Self-objectification may be a bigger problem for men, _____ the time and effort to edit and improve their selfies, before posting them online.
A.many taken B.with many taking
C.many took D.with much taken
29. The gallery takes a cut of the artwork sold, with prices _____ from $1 to $100.
A.ranged B.ranging C.being ranged D.range
30. With his attention _____ on the shop along the roadside, he knocked an old man down while riding to school.
A.concentrating B.concentrated
C.having concentrated D.to concentrate
答案
第一部分
1 . B
【解析】正确答案是B。考查with的复合结构。句意：在欧洲失业率达到一个新纪录，年轻人发现找工作更难。这里使用了with的复合结构，with+宾语+宾语补足语，因为young people和find是主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语，所以选B。
2 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是with的复合结构。句意：做完所有工作，他们匆忙回家吃午饭了，在With复合结构中，work和finish之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。
3 . A
【解析】正确答案是A。考查with复合结构。此处考查的是“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，其中his hair与cut之间是逻辑上的动宾关系且动作已完成，故用动词的过去分词形式作宾补。
4 . B
【解析】正确答案是B。考查非谓语动词。develop与new drugs之间是动宾关系，故该处需要用动词的被动形式。
5 . A
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着风刮着，天越发冷了。可知本题 with 复合结构中，the wind 和 blow 为主动关系，因此排除 B 和 C 选项。to do 不定式表将来，排除，因此选择 A。
6 . B
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。短语：fix one's eyes on 眼睛集中在，句意：这个小女孩坐在那非常安静眼睛还被集中在墙上。所以选 B。
7 . B
8 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题考查的是with复合结构。“with+n.+to do"在此作原因状语，不定式表示将来的动作。
9 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题考查的是with复合结构。句意：老师走进教室，一些学生跟着他。空前是完整的句子，空后却不是，when/while引导从句时，若主从句的主语不一致，从句必须是完整的句子，排除B和D；for作连词用时其后也必须是完整的句子，也不能与“n.+V-ing”结构连用，排除A；此处是“with+宾语+宾补（现在分词）”作伴随状语。
10 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是非谓语动词。children和attend是主动关系，故用现在分词构成“with sb. doing”的with复合结构作状语。
11 . B
12 . C
13 . B
【解析】
所有航班由于暴风雪都被取消了，许多乘客只能坐火车。考查独立主格结构。本句中间加了逗号，而无连词连接，所以空格处应用非谓语动词作状语；all flights 是动词 cancel 的逻辑主语，逗号前为独立主格结构。B 项正确。故选：B。
14 . C
15 . B
16 . A
【解析】
此题考查独立主格。句意：我们走到一个花园，花园的主人坐在里面。根据后面部分中没有谓语动词而是 sitting，可判断此处是一个独立主格结构而非定语从句，所以不填关系词，填 its。
17 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题考查的是非谓语动词和with复合结构。句意：期末考试快到了，我们正忙着复习这学期学过的知识。the final examination与“靠近”是主谓关系，故使用现在分词作宾语补足语构成with复合结构“with sth. doing”作状语。在with复合结构中，宾语补足语没有A和B两种形式。
18 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题考查的是非谓语动词。句意：电影通常在操场上放映，观众坐在长凳和椅子上。seat 使就坐，与the audience是动宾关系，故使用过去分词seated表示被动，构成“with sb. done”的复合结构作伴随状语。
19 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题考查的是with复合结构。句意：由于有太多棘手的问题要解决，卡罗尔决定取消他去夏威夷的轻松假期。settle是将来的动作，故使用不定式作宾语补足语构成with复合结构作状语。
20 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是非谓语动词。句意：在导游的指引下，我们毫不费力地找到了房子。此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”构成的复合结构，因为"the guide"与"lead"之间为主动关系，故用leading。
21 . C
22 . B
23 . C
24 . D
【解析】
这是个分词独立结构的句子。分词独立结构的示意图是：
主语 1+谓语，主语 2+分词（分词独立结构）。
所以选项 D 正确。我们知道：“主语 1+谓语 1，主语 2+谓语 2”的结构是个错句。所以选项 A、B 错。选项 C，to be sick 是个将来的动作，不符题意。
25 . A
【解析】
有了女儿提供的衣食，这对老夫妇过着幸福的生活。根据句意理解及对句子的观察，可知这是一个句首用独立主格结构作状语的句子，with+宾语+宾语补足语，宾语 their daughter 是动词 provide 的逻辑主语，它们之间是主谓关系，所以使用 provide 的现在分词作宾语补足语。
26 . B
27 . D
28 . B
【解析】
考查独立柱格结构。句意：对男性来说，自我客观化可能是一个更大的问题，因为很多男性在上传自拍照之前，会花时间和精力来编辑和改进自拍照。根据句意以及分析句子可知，设空后为“with+宾语+宾补”结构；many 在句中为代词，指代前文的复数名词（men），意为“很多男性”，take 与 many 是逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词做宾补，表主动。
29 . B
【解析】
考查现在分词。句意：画廊从售出的艺术品中提成，价格从 1 美元到 100 美元不等。该句使用短语 range from…to…，意为“范围从……到……不等”，分析句子成分可知，“with prices _____ from $1 to $100”为“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，选项中所给核心词“range”与宾语 prices 之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词的主动形式，故选 B。
30 . B
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处“with+宾语+宾补”结构作原因状语，attention 与 concentrate 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作宾补。句意：（由于）他的注意力集中在路边的商店上，骑车上学时撞倒了一位老人。所以选 B 项。
第1页（共1 页）