2022届高考英语语法单选题专项训练：非真实条件句中的虚拟语气（含答案解析）

2022届高考英语语法单选题专项训练：非真实条件句中的虚拟语气
一、单项选择（共30小题；共48分）
1. —If he _____, he _____ that food.
—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A.was warned,would not take
B.had been warned,would not have taken
C.would be warned, had not taken
D.would have been warned, had not taken
2. If I _____ you, I _____ leave at once.
A.were; will B.am; would C.was; would D.were; would
3. Without electricity, human life _____ quite different today.
A.is B.will be
C.would have been D.would be
从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
4. If you _____ to his speech attentively, you should have known that his achievement was not all from good luck.
A.listened B.would listen
C.had listened D.would have listened
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
5. —Do you have Betty's phone number
—Yes. Otherwise, I _____ able to reach her yesterday.
A.hadn't been B.wouldn't have been
C.weren't D.wouldn't be
单项选择
6. Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week If you _____ me, I could have helped.
A.told B.had told C.were to tell D.would tell
7. _____ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A.It were B.Were it C.It was D.Was it
8. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball; otherwise, he _____ a goal.
A.would score B.scored
C.would have scored D.had scored
9. We _____ the difficulty together, but why didn't you tell me
A.could face B.might face
C.must have faced D.could have faced
10. Thanks for your useful advice: otherwise I _____such rapid progress.
A.didn't make B.couldn't have made
C.hadn't made D.haven't made
11. If I had known that, I _____ so.
A.wouldn't have done B.didn't do
C.won't do D.wouldn't do
12. —Hope there will be an end to the trade war between China and the US.
—Indeed, otherwise both sides _____ a lot.
A.must suffer B.were to suffer
C.suffered D.would suffer
13. _____ louder, all the students would hear.
A.If the teacher had spoken B.If the teacher will speak
C.Had the teacher spoken D.If the teacher spoke
14. Had Tom listened to the doctor, he _____ all right now.
A.are B.were
C.would be D.would have been
15. _____ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
A.Did he catch B.Should he catch
C.Has he caught D.Had he caught
16. If we _____ the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.
A.had caught B.caught C.have caught D.would catch
17. I was in Beijing then. Otherwise I _____ to help you move to the new house.
A.would come B.will have come
C.would have come D.will come
18. Without your help, I _____ the first prize in the English Speaking Contest last week.
A.won't get B.didn't get
C.wouldn't get D.wouldn't have got
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
19. —If I _____ my dog run out in the street, it wouldn't have been injured by the car.
—Don't blame yourself any more. Owning a pet is a tough job.
A.hadn't let B.didn't let
C.wouldn't let D.wouldn't have let
20. If we _____ repeated attempts, we wouldn't have succeeded.
A.haven't made B.hadn't made C.didn't make D.wouldn't make
21. It seems late to say anything. We probably _____ it if we had made an offer sooner.
A.would have got B.would get
C.had got D.got
单项选择
22. If we _____ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A.take B.had taken C.took D.have taken
23.—The weather has been very hot and dry.
—Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _____.
A.wouldn't die B.didn't die
C.hadn't died D.wouldn't have died
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
24. Leonardo da Vinci _____ a scientist if he had not been so skilled in other areas.
A.would be B.must be
C.might have been D.should have been
单项选择
25. Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she _____ there, she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often.
A.lives B.would live C.has lived D.were to live
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
26. We _____ back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.
A.are B.were C.will be D.would be
27. If I _____ it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
A.didn't see B.weren't seeing
C.Wouldn't see D.hadn't seen
28. _____ to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I _____ not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.
A.If it were left; would B.Should it leave; must
C.Would it be left; should D.Was it left; would
29. —I'm sorry. I _____ to your birthday party if...
—Forget it. I know you were in Shanghai on business then.
A.had come B.would have come
C.needn't have come D.came
30. —What happened to the young trees we planted last week
—The trees _____ well, but I didn't water them.
A.might grow B.needn't have grown
C.would grow D.would have grown
答案
第一部分
1 . B
2 . D
3 . D
4 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题考查的是虚拟语气。由主句的“should have known”可知从句谓语是had done，表示与过去事实相反。
5 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是虚拟语气。句意：——你有Betty 的电话号码吗？——是的，不然我昨天就不可能联系上她了。根据句中的时间状语和副Otherwise 判断，这里表示与过去事实相反的假设，此时谓语用“could/might/would/should + have done”。故选B。
6 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是虚拟语气。句意：你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到的麻烦？如果你告诉我的话，我本可以帮你的。根据第一句可知，这里是对过去发生的事情进行虚拟，if条件句的时态应该用过去完成时，故选B。
7 . B
【解析】
考查虚拟语气辨析。句意：如果没有老师们的支持，这名学生不可能战胜困难。此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语用 were；在非真实条件句中，如果有 should，had 或 were 时，可以省略 if，而把 should，had 或 were 提至主语前，形成部分倒装，故选 B 项。if it were not for…“要不是有了……”。
8 . C
【解析】
考查虚拟语气。句意：他在踢球前犹豫了一会儿，否则，他会进一球。由 otherwise 和 hesitated 可知，这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词用 would+have+过去分词构成。
9 . D
【解析】
考查情态动词+have done。could do 能够做；might do 可以做，可能做；must have done 是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“（过去）一定……”；could+have+done 是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。句意：我们本来可以一起面对困难的，但你为什么不告诉我呢？
10 . B
【解析】
考查虚拟语气。英语中表示条件时常常没有连词 if，而是用 otherwise，or，but，but for 等形式表达条件，这种类型的虚拟语气被称之为含蓄的虚拟条件。本题中 otherwise 表示“否则”，相当于一个虚拟条件句。这里要表达的意思是“如果没有你的建议”，可见这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟；与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句中往往用过去完成时，而主句中则用“would/ should/ could/ might+have done”，根据语境，主句表达的是“我就不会（couldn't）取得如此快的进步”。
11 . A
【解析】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我知道的话，我不会这样。从句的时态是过去完成时，再结合句意和虚拟语气的用法，主句的时态应该是将来完成时。故选 A。
12 . D
【解析】
否则两边都将非常受难，实际上中美贸易战迟早会停止，因此不停止是一个概率非常小的事件，用虚拟语气，与将来反，且这里为主句，因此选 would do。
13 . D
【解析】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果老师能够大声说话，所有学生都能听到。这里表示与现在的事实相反的假设，此时：主句用：主语+would/ should/ could/ might+动词原形；从句用：If+主语+动词过去式（be 动词一律用 were）；所以本题应该选择 D。C 和 A 用于表示与过去的事实相反的假设。
14 . C
15 . D
16 . A
17 . C
18 . D
19 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题考查的是虚拟语气。此处是if虚拟条件句，根据“wouldn't have been”可知表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语是had done，主句是would have done。
20 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是虚拟语气。句意：如果我们没有反复进行尝试，我们就不会成功。根据主句的谓语wouldn't have succeeded可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，if引导的条件状语从句的谓语用had done。
21 . A
【解析】正确答案是A。此题考查的是虚拟语气。由从句中的had made可知是对过去的虚拟，主句用would have done的形式，故选A。
22 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是时态。句意：如果我们走另外一条路，就有可能及时到这赶上开会。if非真实条件句所陈述的事情是和过去相反的，用过去完成时，主句是would/might/should/could have done。选B。
23 . D
【解析】正确答案是D。此题考查的是虚拟语气。根据had rained可知这是if引导的与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，根据“And my vegetables _____.”中的“And”可知此句省略了条件句"If it had rained even a drop"，那么可推知“蔬菜死掉”是过去的事实，故其谓语是wouldn't have died。
24 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题考查的是虚拟语气。句意：列奥纳多·达·芬奇如果不那么擅长其他领域，他很可能成为一个科学家。本句是对过去事实的假设，所以if 从句的谓语动词应用had + 过去分词，主句用would/might/could/should + have + 过去分词。should have done 表示本应该做而没做，不符合句意。故选C。
25 . D
【解析】正确答案是D。此题考查的是虚拟语气。句意：格雷丝不想搬到纽约，因为她认为，如果她住到那里去，她就不能经常看到她的父母了。主句“Grace doesn't want to move to New York”说明格雷丝尚未搬到纽约，故此处表示的是对将来的虚拟，if 引导的虚拟条件从句中可使用过去式或should+动词原形或were to+动词原形，D项正确。
26 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题考查的是虚拟语气。分析题干语境可知，主句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，因此空格处应用“would be”。故选D。
27 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题考查的是虚拟语气。分析句子结构并结合“wouldn't have believed”可知，If引导的从句表示与过去事实相反的情况，故从应使用“had+过去分词”结构。故选D。
28 . A
【解析】
考查虚拟语气和情态动词。句意：如果让我来决定我们是要一个没有报纸的政府，还是要一个没有政府的报纸，我会毫不犹豫地选择后者。
根据句意，考查虚拟语气，依据题意，表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时，主句用 would/ could/ might/ should+动词原形，故 A 项正确，B 项表示与将来时事实相反的虚拟语气，错误；C 项表达错误；虚拟语气的倒装用于与将来事实相反和与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故 D 项错误。综上，故选 A 项。
29 . B
【解析】
查虚拟语气。句意：——我很抱歉。如果……，我就来参加你的生日聚会了。
——不必在意。我知道你那时在上海出差。
考此处表示对过去事实相反的假设，if 后面省了过去完成时，补充完整应该是 if I had not been out on business，故主句中应该用 should/ would/ could/ might have done 结构，故选 B。
30 . D
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