北师大版（2019）选择必修第四册 Unit 10 Connections 课件+作业（共11份打包）

课时分层作业(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
One morning，Ann's neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local elementary school.She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on the dog.Ann said that she could watch it only for the day.
Tracy took photos of the dog and printed off 400 FOUND fliers (传单)，and put them in mailboxes.Meanwhile，Ann went to the dollar store and bought some pet supplies，warning her two sons not to fall in love with the dog.At the time，Ann's son Thomas was 10 years old，and Jack，who was recovering from a heart operation，was 21 years old.
Four days later Ann was still looking after the dog，whom they had started to call Riley.When she arrived home from work，the dog threw itself against the screen door and barked madly at her.As soon as she opened the door，Riley dashed into the boys' room where Ann found Jack suffering from a heart attack.Riley ran over to Jack，but as soon as Ann bent over to help him the dog went silent.
“If it hadn't come to get me，the doctor said Jack would have died，” Ann reported to a local newspaper.At this point，no one had called to claim the dog，so Ann decided to keep it.
The next morning Tracy got a call.A man named Peter recognized his lost dog and called the number on the flier.Tracy started crying，and told him，“That dog saved my friend's son.”
Peter drove to Ann's house to pick up his dog，and saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window.After a few moments Peter said，“Maybe Odie was supposed to find you，maybe you should keep it.”
【语篇解读】　一天，Tracy在当地学校附近捡到一只流浪狗，把它交代给邻居Ann照顾，自己去找狗的主人。Ann答应只照顾这只狗一天。结果在没找到狗主人之前Ann和她的两个儿子一直照顾这只狗而且很快喜欢上了它。Ann的大儿子有心脏病，多亏了这只狗帮Ann及时救了她儿子，所以当狗主人来认领狗时全家人都舍不得它走。最终，狗留在了Ann家里，成为家庭一员。
1．What did Tracy do after finding the dog
A．She looked for its owner.
B．She gave it to Ann as a gift.
C．She sold it to the dollar store.
D．She bought some food for it.
A　[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Tracy took photos of the dog and printed off 400 FOUND fliers(传单)，and put them in mailboxes.”可知，Tracy在找狗的主人，故选A。]
2．How did the dog help save Jack
A．By breaking the door for Ann.
B．By leading Ann to Jack's room.
C．By dragging Jack out of the room.
D．By attending Jack when Ann was out.
B　[细节理解题。根据第三段句子“When she arrived home from work，the dog threw itself against the screen door and barked madly at her.As soon as she opened the door，Riley dashed into the boys' room where Ann found Jack suffering from a heart attack.”可知狗Riley是通过向Ann狂叫并领Ann进入Jack的房间让Ann发现Jack犯了心脏病从而及时救了Jack的。故选B。]
3．What was Ann's attitude to the dog according to Paragraph 4
A．Sympathetic. B．Doubtful.
C．Tolerant. D．Grateful.
D　[推理判断题。根据第四段Ann跟报社说的话“‘If it hadn't come to get me，the doctor said Jack would have died，’Ann reported to a local newspaper.At this point，no one had called to claim the dog ”可知，如果不是狗领着Ann找到Jack，Jack可能就死了。也就是狗救了Jack的命，所以可以推断Ann对狗很感激，感激它救了她儿子的命。故选D。]
4．What can we infer about the dog from the last paragraph
A．It would be given to Odie.
B．It would be kept by Ann's family.
C．It would be returned to Peter.
D．It would be taken away by Tracy.
B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“After a few moments Peter said，‘Maybe Odie was supposed to find you，maybe you should keep it.’”可知，过了一会儿，彼得说：“也许Odie应该去找你，也许你应该养着它。”由此判断出，狗最终是留在了Ann的家里。故选B。]
B
When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机)
These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile phone.In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket.Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey (调查)．Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies.I think my home falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone.Age is naturally a factor (因素)—only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the make up of your household.
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member.That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it)．
How attached are you to your landline How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了现在几乎每个人都用手机，但还有超过一半的澳大利亚的家庭在使用座机。文章主要阐述了产生这一现象的原因。
5．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones
A．Their target users.
B．Their wide popularity.
C．Their major functions.
D．Their complex design.
B　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，该段主要是说，在澳大利亚现在很难找到15岁以上还没有手机的人，而事实上很多小孩子的口袋里都有一部手机。由此可推知，在澳大利亚使用手机的人越来越多，手机在广泛地流行起来。故选B。]
6．What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Admit. B．Argue.
C．Remember. D．Remark.
A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下文可知，调查显示，在仍然使用座机的澳大利亚人中，有三分之一的人认为座机并不是真的有必要，他们只是把座机看作是一种安全保障。故画线词所在句是说，有三分之一的人承认座机不是必须要有的东西。由此可推断concede意为“承认”，故选A。]
7．What can we say about Baby Boomers
A．They like smartphone games.
B．They enjoy guessing callers' identity.
C．They keep using landline phones.
D．They are attached to their family.
C　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“...compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.”和第五段中的“...the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents...”可知，相比之下，在生育高峰期出生的人中，有84%的人可能已经拥有同样的座机号码50年了。显然，他们一直在使用座机。故选C。]
8．What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph
A．It remains a family necessity.
B．It will fall out of use some day.
C．It may increase daily expenses.
D．It is as important as the gas light.
B　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，作者用煤气路灯和早晨送牛奶的例子，暗示座机将来有一天可能像它们一样在我们的日常生活中消失。故选B。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was Saturday and I was lying in bed daydreaming about what I wanted to do today when Dad just called me to get up at seven o'clock.I wanted to stay at home and play my favourite games.I wanted to listen to some music and then play football with my friends.I wanted to hang out with my friends and watch a movie.I wanted to enjoy a big meal in the restaurant and chat with my friends till midnight.
At 7：30，Dad was again shouting at me to get up.So，I got up，put some casual clothes on and lay in the sofa in the sitting room for a little bit.
My dad walked in，urging me to put on some nice clothes that were suitable for me to walk around in on such a hot day.I asked，“Why should I do that？I won't go out.I'm just staying at home.I have a lot of businesses to deal with.”Looking me directly in the eyes，Dad told me something about the place called Give Kids the World.It was designed for the families to spend a vacation with their children who had a very serious illness.About four years ago，my dad became a volunteer，doing several jobs there，including serving food and giving gifts.I thought that would be very boring，but Dad insisted that I should go with him，promising that I would like it.
Though I was unwilling，I still got dressed and went into the car.Dad drove me to a village not very far from our community.When we arrived at the storehouse in the middle of the village，there were already some people sorting out the food and gifts.We immediately joined them，putting the food into boxes and the gifts on the back of a cart.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Then，Dad told me that we were going to deliver a toy to every child from door to door in the village.
Once back in that cart，Dad told me that they all had a life threatening illness and that they might not live to see tomorrow.
【参考范文】
Then，Dad told me that we were going to deliver a toy to every child from door to door in the village.We came to the first house and a woman answered the door.Sitting in the middle of the living room was a little boy in a wheelchair.I gave him the gift，and his face lit up with joy.In another house，I met a girl who was deaf and only partially sighted.Seeing the gift，she got excited and made a sign with her hands，which，her mom said，was the sign for thanks.
Once back in that cart，Dad told me that they all had a life threatening illness and that they might not live to see tomorrow.Suddenly，I realized I should be more thankful that I didn't have these illnesses.I no longer want to enjoy myself at home，play football or watch movies with my friends.I now go to the village regularly and I have even taken my friends along.We would much rather be doing this，seeing things that not a lot of people really get to see and making a difference in these kids' lives.
【导读】　《一个干净明亮的地方》是海明威的早期作品，是一部典型的虚无主义小说，具有典型的海明威风格：文章以虚无思想为主题并大量使用简洁句。
A Clean，Well lighted Place(excerpt)
It was very late and everyone had left the cafe except an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light.In the day time the street was dusty，but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference.The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk，and while he was a good client they knew that if he became too drunk he would leave without paying，so they kept watch on him.
“Last week he tried to commit suicide，” one waiter said.
“Why？”
“He was in despair.”
“What about？”
“Nothing.”
“How do you know it was nothing？”
“He has plenty of money.”
They sat together at a table that was close against the wall near the door of the cafe and looked at the terrace where the tables were all empty except where the old man sat in the shadow of the leaves of the tree that moved slightly in the wind.A girl and a soldier went by in the street.The street light shone on the brass number on his collar.The girl wore no head covering and hurried beside him.
“The guard will pick him up，”one waiter said.
“What does it matter if he gets what he's after？”
“He had better get off the street now.The guard will get him.They went by five minutes ago.”
The old man sitting in the shadow rapped on his saucer with his glass.The younger waiter went over to him.
“What do you want？”
The old man looked at him.“Another brandy，” he said.
“You'll be drunk，” the waiter said.The old man looked at him.The waiter went away.
“He'll stay all night，” he said to his colleague.
“I'm sleepy now.I never get into bed before three o'clock.He should have killed himself last week.”
The waiter took the brandy bottle and another saucer from the counter inside the cafe and marched out to the old man's table.He put down the saucer and poured the glass full of brandy.
“You should have killed yourself last week，”he said to the deaf man.The old man motioned with his finger.“A little more，”he said.The waiter poured on into the glass so that the brandy slopped over and ran down the stem into the top saucer of the pile.“Thank you，” the old man said.The waiter took the bottle back inside the cafe.He sat down at the table with his colleague again.
“He's drunk now，” he said.
“He's drunk every night.”
“What did he want to kill himself for？”
“How should I know.”
“How did he do it？”
“He hung himself with a rope.”
“Who cut him down？”
“His niece.”
“Why did they do it？”
“Fear for his soul.”
“How much money has he got？”
“He's got plenty.”
“He must be eighty years old.”
“Anyway I should say he was eighty.”
“I wish he would go home.I never get to bed before three o'clock.What kind of hour is that to go to bed？”
“He stays up because he likes it.”
“He's lonely.I'm not lonely.I have a wife waiting in bed for me.”
“He had a wife once too.”
“A wife would be no good to him now.”
“You can't tell.He might be better with a wife.”
“His niece looks after him.You said she cut him down.”
“I know.”
“I wouldn't want to be that old.An old man is a nasty thing.”
“Not always.This old man is clean.He drinks without spilling.Even now，drunk.Look at him.”
“I don't want to look at him.I wish he would go home.He has no regard for those who must work.”
The old man looked from his glass across the square，then over at the waiters.
“Another brandy，” he said，pointing to his glass.The waiter who was in a hurry came over.
“Finished，”he said，speaking with that omission of syntax stupid people employ when talking to drunken people or foreigners.“No more tonight.Close now.”
“Another，”said the old man.
“No.Finished.”The waiter wiped the edge of the table with a towel and shook his head.
The old man stood up，slowly counted the saucers，took a leather coin purse from his pocket and paid for the drinks，leaving half a peseta tip.
The waiter watched him go down the street，a very old man walking unsteadily but with dignity.
《一个干净明亮的地方》(节选)
时间很晚了，大家都离开餐馆，只有一个老人还坐在树叶挡住灯光的阴影里。白天，街上尽是尘埃，到了晚上，露水压住了尘埃。这个老人喜欢坐得很晚，因为他是个聋人，现在是夜里，十分寂静，他感觉得到跟白天的不同。待在餐馆里的两个侍者知道这老人有点儿醉了，他虽然是个好主顾，可是，他们知道，如果他喝得太醉了，他会不付账就走，所以他们一直在留神他。
“上个星期他想自杀，”一个侍者说。
“为什么？”
“他绝望啦。”
“干吗绝望？”
“没事儿。”
“你怎么知道是没事儿？”
“他有很多钱。”
他们一起坐在紧靠着餐馆大门墙边的桌旁，眼睛望着平台，那儿的桌子全都空无一人，只有那个老人坐在随风轻轻飘拂的树叶的阴影里。有个少女和一个大兵走过大街。街灯照在他那领章的铜号码上。那个少女没戴帽子，在他身旁匆匆走着。
“警卫队会把他逮走，”一个侍者说。
“如果他到手了他要找的东西，那又有什么关系呢？”
“他这会儿还是从街上溜走为好。警卫队会找他麻烦，他们五分钟前才经过这里。”
那老人坐在阴影里，用杯子敲敲茶托。那个年纪比较小的侍者走到他那儿。
“你要什么？”
老人朝他看了看。 “再来杯白兰地，”他说。
“你会喝醉的，”侍者说。老人朝他看了一看。侍者走开了。
“他会通宵待在这里，”他对他的同事说。
“我困了。我从来没有在三点钟以前睡觉过。他应该在上星期就自杀了。”
侍者从餐馆里的柜台上拿了一瓶白兰地和另一个茶托，大步走了出来，送到老人桌上。他放下茶托，把杯子倒满了白兰地。
“你应该在上星期就自杀了，”他对那个聋人说。老人把手指一晃。 “再加一点，”他说。侍者又往杯子里倒酒，酒溢了出来，顺着高脚杯的脚流进了一叠茶托的第一只茶托。“谢谢你，”老人说。侍者把酒瓶拿回到餐馆去。他又同他的同事坐在桌旁。
“他这会儿喝醉了，”他说。
“他每天晚上都喝醉。”
“他干吗要自杀呀？”
“我怎么知道。”
“他上次是怎样自杀的？”
“他用绳子上吊。”
“谁把他放下来的？”
“他侄女。”
“干吗要把他放下来？”
“为他的灵魂担忧。”
“他有多少钱？”
“他有很多钱。”
“他准有八十岁喽。”
“不管怎样，我算准他有八十岁。”
“我真希望他回家去。我从来没有在三点钟以前睡觉过。那是个什么样的睡觉时间呀？”
“他因为不喜欢睡觉所以才不睡觉。”
“他孤孤单单。我可不孤单。我有个老婆在床上等着我呢。”
“他从前也有过老婆。”
“这会儿有老婆对他可没好处。”
“话可不能这么说。他有老婆也许会好些。”
“他侄女会照料他。你刚才说是她把他放下来的。”
“我知道。”
“我才不要活得那么老。老人邋里邋遢。”
“不一定都是这样。这个老人干干净净。他喝啤酒并不滴滴答答往外漏。哪怕这会儿喝醉了。你瞧他。”
“我才不想瞧他。我希望他回家去。他并不关心那些非干活不可的人。”
那老人从酒杯上抬起头来望望广场，又望望那两个侍者。
“再来杯白兰地，”他指着杯子说。那个着急的侍者跑了过去。
“没啦，”他不顾什么句法地说，蠢汉在对醉汉或外国人说话时就这么说法。“今晚上没啦。打烊啦。”
“再来一杯。”那老人说。
“不，没啦。”侍者一边拿块毛巾揩揩桌沿，一边摇摇头。
老人站了起来，慢慢地数着茶托，从口袋里摸出一只装硬币的皮夹子来，付了酒账，又放下半个比塞塔作小费。
那个侍者瞅着他顺着大街走去，这个年纪很大的人走起路来，虽然脚步不挺稳，却很有神气。
[知识积累]
1．keep watch on　　　　 注意
2．in despair 绝望地
3．march out to 出发去……
4．have no regard for 不尊重；不重视
[文化链接]
《一个干净明亮的地方》内容概要
这篇小说所描述的是一位老人和两位侍者的故事，其中老人这一人物形象看似微不足道，但从他自杀和饮酒的两个选择行为来分析，他是个展现了重压之下的优雅风度和精神不败的尊严感的海明威式主人公。两位侍者之间的对话引出了“虚无”这一主题，表明“虚无是对存在的体验，人类只有在内心保持一片干净明亮的地方才能抵御虚无”。
5/12Section Ⅲ　Reading & Writing
阅读“Reading Club 1”中的材料，选出最佳选项
1．We can see that the population rose quickly ．
A．in the Yuan Dynasty
B．in the Ming Dynasty
C．at the end of the Qing Dynasty
D．after liberation
2．Why the conditions in Beijing Hutongs once went down
A．Because the emperor stopped repairing them.
B．Because the political situation affected China's economy.
C．Because the population rose quickly.
D．Because no one was interested in them.
[答案]　1—2　CB
Words and Phrases
　appeal vi.&vt.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；诉诸；求助
(教材原句P18)　The acts appealing to children were particularly popular.
吸引儿童的行为特别受欢迎。
[例]　Does the idea of working abroad appeal to you
你对出国工作的主意感兴趣吗？
[知识拓展]
(1)appeal (to sb.)for sth.　 为……向某人呼吁/恳求
appeal to sb. 吸引某人
appeal to sb. to do sth. 恳求/吸引某人做某事
appeal to arms 诉诸武力
appeal against 上诉……
(2)make/launch an appeal to sb.
某人发出呼吁
(3)appealing adj. 有吸引力的，有趣的；求助的；恳
求的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We're appealing to anyone who saw the suspect to contact us.
②The police made an appeal to the public to remain(remain) calm.
③There was a sense of humour to what he did that I found very appealing(appeal)．
　forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕
(教材原句P22)　To hell with forgiveness!
去他妈的宽恕吧！
[例]　It was an incredible display of motherly love and forgiveness.
那是慈母般关爱与宽容的了不起的表现。
[知识拓展]
forgive vt.(forgave，forgiven)　　
原谅；饶恕
forgive sb./sth. 原谅某人/某事
forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做)某事
[即学即练]　完成句子
①Forgive me for sending you a sample．
请原谅我冒昧地寄样品给您。
②Can you forgive me for trying again
你能原谅我让我再次尝试吗？
　debt n．债务；欠款
(教材原句P22)　It is true that the debt has not been paid.
债务确实没有还清。
[例]　He had run up credit card debts of thousands of dollars.
他积欠了数千元的信用卡借款。
[知识拓展]
in debt　　　　　　　 欠债，欠账，负债
go/get/run into debt 负债
be in heavy debt 负债累累
be out of debt 不欠债(状态)
pay off all the debts 还清债务(动作)
be in sb.'s debt＝be in debt to sb. 欠某人的人情债；受某人的恩惠；
感激某人
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I'm in heavy debt at the moment，but I hope to be out of debt when I get paid.
②It's easier to get into debt than get out of it.
③You saved my life；I am in debt to you forever.
间接信息类细节理解题
细节理解类阅读在高考中比重较大，学生应该加强训练。
[例文]Of the common berries，strawberries are highest in vitamin C，although，because of their seeds，raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质)，iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein)．Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质)．The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants.As for cherries (樱桃)，they are so delicious who cares？However，they are rich in vitamin C． 方法技巧：定位：用cherries寻读，在文中找到信息源——根据该段最后一句“As for cherries (樱桃)，they are so delicious who cares？However，they are rich in vitamin C．”可知，原文中的they are so delicious被替换成选项中的They have a pleasant taste，为间接细节理解题。故选C。
What does the author seem to like about cherries
A．They contain protein.
B．They are high in vitamin A.
C．They have a pleasant taste.
D．They are rich in antioxidants.
[答案]　C
[即学即练]
请快速阅读下列短文，把握文章中的细节
In 1967，Tasmania experienced a drought(干旱)．The State Government introduced one hour of daylight saving that summer as a way of saving power and water.Tasmanians liked the idea of daylight saving and the Tasmanian Government has declared daylight saving each summer since 1968.Persuaded by the Tasmanian Government，all states except two passed a law in 1971，for a test use of daylight saving.In 1972，New South Wales，South Australia and Victoria joined Tasmania for regular daylight saving，but Queensland did not do so until 1989.
Daylight Saving Times was introduced in Tasmania ．
A．to stop the drought in 1967
B．to support government officials
C．to pass a special law in the state
D．to save water and electricity
[答案]　D
故事类
本单元写作项目是写一篇新闻报道，属于记叙文写作范畴。
[基本框架]
开头(the beginning)——引出故事
主体(the middle)——具体过程
结尾(the ending)——自我感受
[常用词块]
1．put on many performances举办了许多场演出
2．focus on the environment protection注重环境保护
3．raised our awareness of protecting our earth提高了我们保护地球的意识
4．make our society a harmonious world使我们的社会成为一个和谐的世界
5．have a heated discussion about对……进行了热烈讨论
6．contribute a lot to our project对我们的项目有很多贡献
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．On the morning of...，China successfully sent up...
2．Many countries around the world sent their congratulations.
★丰满主体
1．Upon their arrival，Li Yue and Zhang Hua were warmly welcomed，and respectfully，they presented the elderly with flowers and fruits.
2．When it was time for the volunteers to leave，the elderly people thanked them for their kindness.
★余味结尾
1．It is high time that the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve...
2．I believe we can certainly overcome the disaster with the public and the government working together.
假定你是李华，你校于上周举办了有关中国古典音乐的音乐节。请你为校英语报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1．活动时间、地点及参加人员；
2．活动内容；
3．活动反响。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
A Chinese Classical Music Festival
Last week，our school held a Chinese classical music festival in the concert hall
[学生习作]
A Chinese Classical Music FestivalLast week，our school held a Chinese classical music festival in the concert hall to promote Chinese traditional culture.All the students took part in it.During the festival，classics，which were played by some Chinese instruments，were amazing.High Mountain and Flowing Water drew the attention of us.We students had the opportunity provided by the experts to learn instruments.It is a great success.Through the festival，we all realized that we should be responsible for inheriting and popularizing our traditional culture. 名师点评：1．该篇习作符合新闻报道的写作要求。2．文章能够使用定语从句、被动语态、宾语从句等高级句式，使得文章表达更加连贯。3．如适当使用一些高级词汇，更能增添文章的语言色彩。
[升格作文]
A Chinese Classical Music Festival
Last week，our school held a Chinese classical music festival in the concert hall to promote Chinese traditional culture.All the students participated in it.
During the festival，classics were played by Chinese classical instruments，such as erhu and Chinese zither，were amazing，among which High Mountain and Flowing Water drew the most attention.Also，what interested the students most was that an opportunity was provided to learn these instruments from some experts.
The festival is a great success.All the teachers and students have realized that we should be responsible for inheriting and popularizing our traditional culture.
假定你是李华，上周你校举办了主题为“把握今天(Seizing Today)”的英语演讲比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1．时间和地点；
2．参赛人员与比赛内容；
3．活动反响。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【参考范文】
An English speech contest with the theme Seizing Today was held in our school hall last Friday morning，which drew the attention of every student and teacher.
Twenty students from different classes competed in it.All the participants made wonderful speeches around the theme.At the end of the contest，two foreign teachers commented on several participants' speeches and gave some helpful suggestions.Finally，there was an award ceremony for the winners.
It is not only a good chance to help the students improve their oral English but also enriches our school life.Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk & Lesson 1
Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
(　　)1.random　　 　　 A．n.干涉，干预
(　　)2.envy B．n.包裹；邮包
(　　)3.parcel C．v.&n.发表，发布；释放
(　　)4.release D．n. the feeling of wanting
sth. that sb. else has
(　　)5.intervention E．adj. done，chosen，etc.without sb.
thinking or deciding in advance what
is going to happen
[答案]　1—5　EDBCA
B．短语匹配
(　　)1.hang out A．以……为基础
(　　)2.call on B．在二十世纪二十年代
(　　)3.refer to C．在过去几十年里
(　　)4.be connected to D．号召
(　　)5.in the 1920s E．闲待，厮混
(　　)6.be based on F．仅仅
(　　)7.no more than G．有关联；连接到
(　　)8.in the last few decades
H．指的是
[答案]　1—5　EDHGB　6—8　AFC
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．gallery n. 美术馆，画廊
2．stadium n. 体育场，运动场
3．suburb n. 郊区，近郊，城郊
4．conflict n. 抵触，冲突，矛盾
5．theory n. 学说，理论
6．bimonthly adj. 两月一次的；一月两次的
7．phrase n. 成语，习语；警句
8．disagreement n. 意见不合，分歧，争论
9．disturb vt. 干扰，打扰，使中断
10．impression n. 印象，感想
Ⅰ.语境填空
envy；theory；conflict；parcel；phrase；canteen；gallery；random；chain；release
1．Rose's stories weren't bad；she had a nice turn of phrase．
2．Music is a great channel for releasing your emotions.
3．The information is processed in a random order.
4．She wore a heavy gold chain around her neck.
5．The violence was the result of political and ethnic conflicts．
6．The gallery was known for putting on daring exhibitions.
7．According to the theory of relativity，nothing can travel faster than light.
8．Our school canteen provides us with three meals a day.
9．A courier delivered the parcel to my office.
10．I don't envy the young ones who've become TV superstars and know no other world.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．There is considerable disagreement(disagree) over the safety of the treatment.
2．He needs all the support and encouragement(encourage) he can get.
3．There are disturbing(disturb) reports of killings at the two centres.
4．We apologize(apology) for the late departure of this flight.
5．You'll have to play better than that if you really want to make an impression(impress)．
1．“Six Degrees of Separation” refers to the theory that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people.
“六度分隔”理论说的是地球上任何人都可通过不超过另外五个人与一个陌生人联系起来。
2．The Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy published a book called Everything Is Different in 1929，in which he introduced the idea of friendship networks and his ideas influenced many of our early impressions of social networks.
匈牙利作家弗里吉斯·考林蒂在1929年出版了一本名为《一切皆不同》的书，书中介绍了朋友关系网的概念，许多早期关于社交网络的构想都受到他思想的影响。
3．Amazingly，it only took between five and seven people to get the parcels delivered，and once released，the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today.
令人惊讶的是，这些包裹只需通过5至7个人就能送到正确的人手中。结果一经公布，便发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。
4．Most recently，an experiment in 2011 at the University of Milan analysed the relationship between 721 million social media users and found that 92 percent were connected by only four stages，or five degrees of separation.
最新的是2011年米兰大学的一项实验，该实验分析了7.21亿社交媒体用户之间的关系，发现92%的用户只需通过四个阶段(即五度分隔)，就可建立联系。
5．The television series Lost also explored the idea of “Six Degrees of Separation”，as almost all the characters had randomly met each other，or had met someone the other characters knew，before they were all in the same plane crash.
电视连续剧《迷失》也探讨了“六度分隔”的理论，剧中失事飞机上几乎所有人物此前都曾偶遇，或曾遇见其他人物所认识的人。
词语助读
①average adj.平均的n.平均数
②regular adj.规律的；定期的
③communication n．交流
④be closest to和……最近
⑤Six Degrees of Separation六度分隔理论，又称为“小世界现象”(small world phenomenon)，可通俗地阐述为：“你和任何一个陌生人之间所间隔的人不会超过六个，也就是说，最多通过六个人你就能够认识任何一个陌生人。”
⑥refer to指的是；查阅
⑦theory n．理论；学说
⑧be connected to有关联；连接到
⑨chain n．一连串，一系列；链子，链条
⑩concept n．观念；概念；设想
in the 1920s在20世纪20年代
Hungarian adj.匈牙利人的
network n．人际关系网，联络网；网络，网状系统
influence vt.&n.影响
have an influence on...对……产生影响
impression n．印象；感想
attempt n．试图；企图
mathematically adv.以数学方式
sociologist n．社会学家
method n．方法，办法
with this method用这种方法
random adj.随机的，随意的
sample n．样本；样品
package n．包裹
general adj.普遍的，大体的；笼统的
location n．位置
personally adv.就个人而言；亲自地
target n．目标；对象
parcel n．包裹；邮包
deliver v．递送
amazingly adv.令人惊奇地；令人惊讶地
release vt.&n.发表，发布；释放
bimonthly adj.两月一次的；一月两次的
In the last few decades在过去几十年里
phrase n．成语，习语；警句
broadcast vt.广播；播放
be based on以……为基础
character n．人物；角色；性格，特点
randomly adv. 随机地；随意地
random adj.随机的；随意的
at random胡乱地；任意地
crash n．碰撞
link...to...把……和……联系起来
recreate vt.重造；再现
involve vt.包含；(使)参加，参与
confirm vt.证实；确认
analyse vt.分析
separation n．分离；分割
原文呈现
Research shows the average① person only has regular② communication③with between seven and fifteen people，and that most of our communication is in fact with five to ten people who are closest to④us[1]. However，perhaps we are closer to the rest of the world than we think.“Six Degrees of Separation⑤” refers to⑥ the theory⑦ that any person on Earth can be connected to⑧any other person through a chain⑨ of no more than five other people[2]．
[1]that引导并列的宾语从句，作show的宾语，此处that不能省略；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。
[2]that引导同位语从句，解释theory的内容。
The concept⑩was first talked about as long ago as in the 1920s . The Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy published a book called Everything Is Different in 1929，in which he introduced the idea of friendship networks and his ideas influenced many of our early impressions of social networks[3]．
[3]in which引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词a book。
In the 1950s，an attempt was made by two scientists to prove the theory mathematically ；but after twenty years，they still had not had any success.In 1967，an American sociologist called Stanley Milgram tried using a new method to test the theory，which he called the “small world problem”[4]．He chose a random sample of people in the middle of America and asked them to send packages to a stranger in the state of Massachusetts.The people sending the packages only knew the name，job and general location of the stranger.[5]Milgram told them to send the package to a person they knew personally who they thought might know the target stranger.Once the parcel had been received by this person，he/she would send the parcel onto a contact of theirs until the parcel could be personally delivered to the correct person.Amazingly ，it only took between five and seven people to get the parcels delivered，and once released ，the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today.It was this research that inspired the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation”．[6]
[4]called...是过去分词作定语；which引导定语从句，修饰先行词theory。
[5]sending the packages是现在分词短语作定语，修饰the people。
[6]本句是强调句，强调主语this research。
In the last few decades ，the theory and the phrase have appeared again.Its name was used as the title of a play and then a film.Then，more films and TV programmes based on the concept were made and broadcast .For example，the Oscar winning film Babel is based on the concept of “Six Degrees of Separation”．The lives of all the characters were closely connected，although they did not know each other and lived thousands of miles apart.The television series Lost also explored the idea of “Six Degrees of Separation”，as almost all the characters had randomly met each other，or had met someone the other characters knew，before they were all in the same plane crash .In the mid 1990s，two college students in the United States invented a game.The idea of the game was to link any actor to Kevin Bacon，a famous American actor and musician，through no more than six links.Soon the game was being played in universities across the United States.
In 2003，Columbia University tried to recreate Milgram's experiment on the Internet.This became known as the “Columbia Small world Project”．The experiment involved 24，163 email chains with 18 target people in 13 different countries.The results confirmed that the average number of links in the chain was six.
Most recently，an experiment in 2011 at the University of Milan analysed the relationship between 721 million social media users and found that 92 percent were connected by only four stages，or five degrees of separation .
So，think about it for a minute：How might you be connected to the driver of the bus you regularly take or the person who delivers your parcels？
译文参考
研究表明，普通人只与7至15个人经常保持联系，而且其中大部分的交流实际上只发生在5到10个亲近的人身上。不过，也许我们与世界上其他人的联系比想象中的更紧密。“六度分隔”理论说的是地球上任何人都可通过不超过另外五个人与一个陌生人联系起来。
这个概念早在20世纪20年代就被提出。匈牙利作家弗里吉斯·考林蒂在1929年出版了一本名为《一切皆不同》的书，书中介绍了朋友关系网的概念，许多早期关于社交网络的构想都受到他思想的影响。
20世纪50年代，两位科学家试图用数学方法证明该理论，但20年过去了，仍未成功。1967年，美国社会学家斯坦利·米尔格拉姆试图用新的方法来验证这一理论，他称之为“小世界问题”。米尔格拉姆在美国中部随机抽取一部分人作为样本，让他们给马萨诸塞州的一位陌生人寄包裹。这些寄送包裹的人只知道这位陌生人的姓名、工作和大致的位置。米尔格拉姆告诉这些人先把包裹寄给认为有可能认识目标收件人的熟人。一旦此人收到包裹，他或她就会将包裹再发给认识的人，直到该包裹被送到目标收件人手中。令人惊讶的是，这些包裹只需通过5至7个人就能送到正确的人手中。结果一经公布，便发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。正是这项研究启发了“六度分隔”这一说法。
在过去的几十年里，这一理论和说法又再次出现。它被用作戏剧标题和电影名称。随后，更多基于这一理论的影视节目相继拍摄、播出。例如，奥斯卡获奖影片《通天塔》就是基于“六度分隔”这一概念。影片中所有人物彼此不认识、相隔千里，但他们的生活都是紧密相连的。电视连续剧《迷失》也探讨了“六度分隔”的理论，剧中失事飞机上几乎所有人物此前都曾偶遇，或曾遇见其他人物认识的人。上世纪90年代中期，美国两名大学生发明了一款游戏。这个游戏的玩法是用不超过六个联结将任意一个演员与著名演员、音乐家凯文·贝肯联系起来。这款游戏很快在美国的大学里流行起来。
2003年，哥伦比亚大学尝试在互联网上重现米尔格拉姆的实验，被称为“哥伦比亚小世界项目”。这项实验涉及24 163个电子邮件链接，覆盖了来自13个国家的18个目标人物。实验结果证实，联络串上的联结平均数量是6个。
最新的是2011年米兰大学的一项实验，该实验分析了7.21亿社交媒体用户之间的关系，发现92%的用户只需通过四个阶段(即五度分隔)，就可建立联系。
所以，思考一下这个问题：你与你经常乘坐的公交车司机或给你送包裹的人可能存在怎样的联系？
速读课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及：
1．Six Degrees of Separation has been talked about two centuries.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
2．The idea of friendship networks was introduced in Everything is Different.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
3．In the 1950s，two scientists proved the theory mathematically.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
4．Babel is a TV programme which was based on Six Degrees of Separation.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
5．Kevin Bacon invented a game.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
[答案]　1—5　AABBB
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息：
A．who they thought might know the target stranger
B．which he called the “small world problem”
C．who are closest to us
D．the idea of which was to link any actor to Kevin Bacon
E．in which he introduced the idea of friendship networks
1．Our communication is in fact with five to ten people ．
2．Everything Is Different was published in 1929， and his ideas influenced many of our early impressions of social networks.
3．Stanley Milgram tried using a new method to test the theory， ．
4．Milgram told them to send the package to a person they knew personally ．
5．Two college students invented a game， ，a famous American actor and musician，through no more than six links.
[答案]　1—5　CEBAD
Ⅲ.表格填空
1967 Mid 1990 2003 2011
Who An American sociologist，Stanley Milgram Two students in the United States 1.ColumbiaUniversity Milan University
1967 Mid 1990 2003 2011
How Tried to using a new theory，2．small world problem，to test the theory.Chose a randomsample of people；Asked them to send3．packages to a stranger.Then sent the parcel onto a contact of theirs. Invented a game，which was to link any actor to 4.Kevin Bacon． 5.RecreatedMilgram's experiment on theInternet，which wasknown as The Columbia Small worldProject”．Involved 6.24，163email chainswith 18 target people in 13 differentcountries. Analysed the relationship between 7.721million social media users.
Find ings/results It only took between five and 8.seven people to get the parcels delivered. The game was popular across the United States. The results confirmed that the average number of links in the chain was 9.six． 92 percent were connected by only four stages，or 10.five degrees of separation.
细读课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
1．Para.1　　 A．Milan University's analysis.
2．Para.2 B．Conclusion.
3．Para.3 C．The wide use of the theory.
4．Para.4 D．The theory of Six Degrees of
Separation.
5．Para.5 E．Columbia Small world Project.
6．Para.6 F．The theory was first introduced.
7．Para.7 G．Small world problem.
[答案]　1—7　DFGCEAB
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．The Six Degrees of Separation concludes that any person can be connected to other person through a chain of no more than
people.
A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7
2．Which inspired the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation”？
A．Small world problem.
B．The game invented by two college students.
C．Columbia Small world Project.
D．Experiment in the University of Milan.
3．What is Kevin Bacon mentioned in the text
A．He was a broadcaster.
B．He was a scientist.
C．He was an actor and musician.
D．He was a film director.
4．How many researches are mentioned in the text
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
[答案]　1—4　BACA
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能——说明人物身份
A．阅读课文中说明人物身份的语句
1．The Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy published a book called Everything Is Different in 1929，...
2．In 1967，an American sociologist called Stanley Milgram tried using a new method to test the theory，which he called the “small world problem”．
3．Milgram told them to send the package to a person they knew personally who they thought might know the target stranger.
B．判断下列语句中哪个没有说明人物身份
1．Most recently，an experiment in 2011 at the University of Milan analysed the relationship between 721 million social media users and found that 92 percent were connected by only four stages，or five degrees of separation.
2．The idea of the game was to link any actor to Kevin Bacon，a famous American actor and musician，through no more than six links.
3．For example，the Oscar winning film Babel is based on the concept of “Six Degrees of Separation”．
[答案]　1；3
1．agree vt.&vi.同意，赞同；一致；符合→disagree vt.&vi.不同意，不赞同；不一致；不符合→agreement n．一致；同意；协议→disagreement n．意见不合，分歧，争论
2．encourage vt.鼓励，鼓舞→encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的，振奋人心的→encouragement n．鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物
3．disturb vt.干扰，打扰，使中断→disturbed adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的→disturbing adj. 令人不安的；令人心烦意乱的
4．apology n．道歉，谢罪→apologise vi.道歉，谢罪
5．impress vt.给……留下深刻的好印象；使钦佩→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；令人赞叹的→impression n．印象，感想
release vt.释放，放走；放开，松开；发泄，宣泄；解除，免除，解雇；公布，发布 n．公开；发行；发布
①The new software is planned for release in April. 发布
②The club is releasing some of its older players. 解雇
③She burst into tears，releasing all her pent up emotions. 宣泄
④Firefighters took two hours to release the driver from the wreckage. 释放
Words and Phrases
　conflict n．抵触，冲突，矛盾vi.抵触，冲突
[例]　The government has done nothing to resolve the conflict over nurses' pay.
政府未采取任何措施来解决护士工资问题引发的冲突。
[知识拓展]
in conflict with...　　　　　 与……冲突/矛盾
come into conflict with sb. 与某人发生矛盾/冲突
conflict with 与……冲突
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
②I came into conflict with one of my key managers.
　disagreement n．意见不合，分歧，争论
[例]　There is disagreement among archaeologists as to the age of the sculpture.
考古学家在这尊雕塑的年代问题上意见不一。
[知识拓展]
(1)disagree with sb.(on/about/over sth.)
　　　　　　　　　 (就某事)与某人意见不合
disagree with(doing) sth. 不赞成(做)某事
disagree with sth. 与某事物不符/不一致
disagree with sb. (食物、气候等)不适合某人
(2)agree with 同意某人的看法；(气候、食物等)
适宜；与……一致
agree to 同意计划、安排、建议等
agree on 就……达成一致
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①They disagreed with each other on the point，so they didn't reach an agreement.
②They agree to his plan completely.
③They have agreed on the date for wedding and will get married on May 1st.
④He didn't agree with me，which made me a little annoyed.
⑤I love strawberries，but they don't agree with me.
[小片段助记]
When Jack asked me if my wife agreed to spend the holiday in the north，I said she agreed to my suggestion，so we agreed on a date for it，and my wife agreed with what we did.
　envy vt.&n.羡慕，嫉妒
[例]　Quite a few schoolmates envied and admired her for her good look and intelligence.
不少同学嫉妒她的美貌和才华。
[知识拓展]
envy sb. sth.　　　　　 羡慕某人……
out of envy 出于嫉妒
be the envy of... 成为……嫉妒/羡慕的对象
with envy 羡慕地；嫉妒地
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He was sure that other drivers looked at him with envy.
②They only say such unkind things about you out of envy(出于嫉妒)．
③This region has increasingly become the envy of the rest of the world(世界上其他地区羡慕的对象)．
　encouragement n．鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物
[例]　With a little encouragement from his parents he should do well.
只要父母给点鼓励，他应该会干得很好。
[知识拓展]
(1)encourage vt.　　　 激励，鼓舞
encourage sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
(2)encouraged adj. 受到鼓舞的
encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The joke got a big laugh，which encouraged me to continue(continue)．
②We were very pleased to hear this encouraging(encourage) news.
[小片段助记]
My teacher encouraged me to study hard to be admitted to a key university.I felt encouraged at his encouraging words.
　hang out闲待，厮混
(教材原句P107)　The last person I took a photo of was my sister Daisy when we were hanging out last weekend at the park.
上个周末我们在公园闲逛的时候，我最后一个拍照片的人是我妹妹黛西。
[例]　I don't always want to hang out with the group.
我可不想总是和这群人混在一起。
[知识拓展]
hang on　　　　　　 紧紧抓住；稍等
hang on to sth. 抓住某物
hang up 挂断电话
hang around 闲逛
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Hang on to the branch，until I bring the ladder.
②That better be a business call or else you can hang up right now!
　disturb vt.干扰，打扰，使中断
(教材原句P107)　...and it was really disturbing us.
……这真的让我们很不安。
[例]　I dream about him，dreams so vivid that they disturb me for days.
我几次梦见了他，梦境如此逼真，我好几天都心神不宁。
[知识拓展]
disturbing adj.　　 (事物等)引起烦恼的；令人不安的
disturbed adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①This disturbing(disturb) news really upset me so that I couldn't sleep well.
②He felt disturbed(disturb) when he heard his mother was ill.
　apologise vi.道歉，谢罪
(教材原句P107)　...and they apologised and said they would make less noise from then on.
……他们道歉说，从那时起他们会减少噪音。
[例]　I must apologise that if I offended you I didn't mean to.
我必须向您道歉，如果冒犯了您，我不是有意的。
[知识拓展]
(1)apologise to sb. for (doing) sth.
因为(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)apology n. 道歉，认错，愧悔
make/offer an apology to sb. for(doing)sth.
为(做)某事向某人道歉
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①You should apologise to your teacher for coming(come) late.
②I must apologize for the dreadful mistake I made.
③She wrote a letter of apology(apologise) but only under protest.
　refer to查阅；参考；谈到；指的是
(教材原句P8)　“Six Degrees of Separation” refers to the theory that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people.
“六度分隔”理论说的是地球上任何人都可通过不超过另外五个人与一个陌生人联系起来。
[例]　I mention this point now in passing and shall refer to it again.
这一点现在顺便提一下，以后还会讲到。
[知识拓展]
(1)refer sb./sth.to sb./sth.　　　　 让找……处理；让……找/查
refer to...as... 把……称为……
(2)reference n. 参考，查阅；提及
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The case was referred to the Court of Appeal.
②The American Indians referred to salt as “magic white sand”．
③Keep the list of numbers near the phone for easy reference(refer)．
　impression n．印象，感想
(教材原句P8)　The Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy published a book called Everything Is Different in 1929，in which he introduced the idea of friendship networks and his ideas influenced many of our early impressions of social networks.
匈牙利作家弗里吉斯·考林蒂在1929年出版了一本名为《一切皆不同》的书，书中介绍了朋友关系网的概念，许多早期关于社交网络的构想都受到他思想的影响。
[例]　His trip to India made a strong impression on him.
他的印度之行对他的触动很大。
[知识拓展]
(1)have an impression of sth./doing sth.
　　　　　　　　　　　 对(做)某事有印象
make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象
make no impression on 对……无影响/效果
give sb. a favorable impression
给某人留下好印象
(2)impress v. 留下印象
impress sth. on/upon one's mind
把……牢记在心上
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Your performance gave me a strong impression(impress)．
②What I said made no impression on him.
③But this change has not yet impressed itself on the minds of the British public.
Sentence Pattern
　强调句
(教材原句P9)　It was this research that inspired the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation”．
正是这项研究启发了“六度分隔”这一说法。
句式分析：本句是一个强调句，强调主语this research。
[例1]　It was in May that you can see this kind of flower.
你在五月可以看到这种花。
[例2]　It was her English teacher that the girl loves.
这女孩爱的是她的英语老师。
[造句]　引起观众们兴趣的是这个年轻人怎样学会了五种外语。
It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages that attracted the audience's interest.
[知识拓展]
(1)强调结构的陈述式为“It is (was)＋被强调部分＋that (who)...”。该结构可用于强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语动词。该句式中用that或who的区别是：当被强调部分是指人时，用that或who均可；当被强调部分不是指人时，则只能用that(注意不用which)。
(2)一般疑问句的强调结构就是将be提到句首，即使用“Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...”。特殊疑问句的强调结构句型为“疑问词(Who/What/When/Where/Why/How)＋is/was it that...”。
[即学即练]
①It was I who/that saw Tom in the park this morning.
②It is not who is right but what is right that is of importance.
教材 高考
1. ...and they apologised and said they would make less noise from then on. (2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)You don't need to apologize for a minor slip.
2.The Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy published a book called Everything Is Different in 1929，in which he introduced the idea of friendship networks and his ideas influenced many of our early impressions of social networks. (2020·浙江卷)A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme.
3.“Six Degrees of Separation” refers to the theory that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people. (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)What does the underlined word “currency” in Paragraph 4 refer to？
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He apologized(apologize) to his mother that he went home late.
2．These bats are sometimes misleadingly referred to as “flying foxes”．
3．There was something about him she found disturbing(disturb)．
4．What is it that keeps a cowboy looking strong，young and ready for another roundup
5．My father impressed on me the value of hard work.
6．This statement conflicted with the one they made last month.
7．I felt encouraged(encourage) by his progress in his studies.
8．But we have always envied(envy) their strength at the same time.
9．He said he'd call again，and hung up on me.
10．If you make this argument unreasonably，not a few people will disagree(agree) with it.
Ⅱ.短语填空
be based on；hang out；refer to；in the last few decades；call on；be connected to
1．The issues of industrial clusters have attracted much attention of many scholars in the last few decades．
2．The report is based on figures from six different European cities.
3．I called on everyone to renounce the use of violence and armed struggle.
4．Our observations may contain a grain of truth for you to refer to．
5．These appliances should not be connected to power supplies.
6．I can't remember the last time I just hung out and talked.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
“Six Degrees of Separation” refers to the theory 1.that any person can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people.The concept was first talked about in a book 2.called(call) Everything Is Different.In 1967，an American sociologist，Stanley Milgram，tried to use a new theory，small world problem，3.to test(test) the theory.He chose a random sample of people and asked them to send packages to a stranger.Then sent the parcel onto a contact of 4.theirs(their)．It only took between five and seven people to get the parcels 5.delivered(deliver)．
Two students in the United States invented a game，6.which was to link any actor to Kevin Bacon.The game was popular across the United States.Columbia University 7.recreated(recreate) Milgram's experiment on the Internet，which was known 8.as the “Columbia Small world Project”．It involved 24，163 email chains with 18 target people in 13 different 9.countries(country)．The results confirmed that the average number of links in the chain was six.
Milan University analysed the relationship between 721 million social media users and believed that 92 percent were connected by only four stages，or five degrees of 10.separation(separate)．
过去时的被动语态
[观察例句]
1．After the accident，the injured were taken to hospital.
2．The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday.
3．By the time he got to the school，the first period had been finished.
4．He said the production costs had been reduced.
5．Another bridge was being built over the Changjiang River then.
[归纳用法]
(一)一般过去时的被动语态
1．一般过去时被动语态的构成
表示过去经常性、习惯性被动动作或过去某一时刻发生的被动性动作。主语(动作承受者)＋was/were＋过去分词(＋by＋施动者)构成。
2．一般过去时被动语态的用法
一般过去时被动语态表示过去经常性、习惯性被动动作或过去某一时刻发生的被动性动作。
This bridge was built last year.
这座桥是去年建的。
Volleyball was often played in this playground.
这个操场上过去经常有人打排球。
(二)过去完成时的被动语态
1．过去完成时被动语态的形式
过去完成时的被动语态有以下三种形式：
(1)肯定结构：主语＋had been done＋其他成分
(2)否定结构：主语＋had not been done＋其他成分
(3)疑问句结构：had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分；
疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分
2．过去完成时被动语态的用法
(1)表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by，before等引导的时间状语连用。
The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came.
(2)在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。
The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in.
(3)根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。
As the assignment had been done，he went on to search the Internet.
另：当从句由after，before，when或as soon as引导时，主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。
They locked the door before they left.
(三)过去进行时的被动语态
1．过去进行时的被动语态的概念
表示过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动性的动作。过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were＋being＋动词的过去分词
They were planting trees at this time yesterday.(主动语态)
Trees were being planted by them at this time yesterday.(过去进行时被动语态)
2．过去进行时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成
(1)过去进行时态的被动语态的肯定式为：was/were＋being＋done。
Computer was being majored by him during his college.他那时正在大学学计算机专业。
(2)过去进行时态的被动语态的否定式为：was/were＋not＋being＋done。
The car wasn't being repaired by me then.那时这辆车不是我修理的。
(3)过去进行时态的被动语态的一般疑问句需将was/were提到主语的前面。(回答是用yes或no)
Was a new library being put up in their school just then？他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗？
(4)过去进行时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词＋was/were＋(主语)＋being＋done。
What was being done to the machine？对这台机器采取了什么措施？
3．过去进行时态的被动语态的用法
(1)过去进行时态的被动语态表示过去正在进行的被动动作。
He was being interviewed by our head master then.那时他正在接受我们校长的采访。
(2)过去进行时态的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用，这时需要用完成时态的被动语态。
The house over there has been built for two months.
(3)少数及物动词的进行时表示按计划、安排将要承受某个动作。
Some rock music is being played by them next.下面将由他们演奏一些摇滚音乐。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Many trees were planted(plant) in our school last month，which made our school more beautiful.
②Many foreign films have been shown(show) on TV since last month.
③She told me that she had been dismissed(dismiss) by her boss.
④The boy was being operated(operate) on when his parents hurried to the hospital.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．How many buildings had been destroyed(destroy) when the hurricane ended
2．In the early period of the 17th century，Chinese tea was exported(export) to Europe.
3．The media reported more than 1，000 people had been killed(kill) in the earthquake.
4．Some notes were passed(pass) up to the speaker.
5．The college was being built(build) at this time last year.
6．The book which had been lost was found and was returned(return) to the library.
7．The house was being painted(paint) when we arrived at his home.
8．Trees were being planted(plant) here this time last year.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
It was the night before Christmas.The snow 1.had been fallen(fall) for a week，and the entire town 2.was covered(cover) with snow.In every house，the children had already gone to bed，3.where they dreamed about new toys.Their parents were still awake.Presents 4.were taken(take) out of their hiding place，and 5.were wrapped(wrap) with paper and bows.
I 6.was being scolded(scold) for not finishing my homework when a loud noise came.We rushed out of the house and found a car crashed into a big tree.The driver 7.was trapped(trap) in the car.We called 8.for an ambulance at once and tried 9.to get(get) the driver out of the car.Finally，the ambulance arrived and the driver 10. was sent(sent) to the hospital.课时分层作业(二)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We have nothing but praise for the way they handled the investigation(investigate)．
2．We were forced to work outside in freezing(freeze) conditions.
3．She produced a TV series about adopted(adopt) children.
4．Dry hair can be damaged by washing it too frequently(frequent)．
5．Two hundred people lost their jobs as a direct consequence of the merger.
6．There is no doubt that it was an accident and I bear no grudges.
7．With the exam coming(come) next week，I have no time for a social life.
8．Suddenly the door opened and the children burst in．
9．We drove to the airport the next morning to pick up Susan.
10．I was in the depths of despair when the baby was sick.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Do you have continuous feelings of hopelessness or emptiness？ 1 of interest or pleasure in normal activities？Insomnia (失眠) or oversleeping
If you or people around you are experiencing these challenges，don't 2 to seek help as these are 3 symptoms of depression.
Wang Yang，a freelancer (自由职业者)，has 4 her little cousin undergo these emotional and behavioral changes.Her cousin，only 13，was later diagnosed with depression.Before that，her cousin was very outgoing and 5 about sports.The family wonders what could have 6 such a dramatic change.
There are many reasons that a teenager might become depressed，such as poor school 7 ，intense competition with peers or 8 family life.In Zhou Yongsheng's view，a psychological therapist (治疗专家)，parents' overcontrol and excessive criticism over their children could cause a heavy mental damage and lead to low self esteem (自尊) and a lack of 9 ．In the long term，this may set off a bigger problem：depression.He also points out that academic stress is another worsening factor， 10 for Senior 3 students who are busy preparing for the gaokao.
To improve the prevention and 11 of depression，the National Health Commission 12 a plan on Sept. 11.It asks high schools and colleges to include screening (筛查) for depression in their students' physical checkups and evaluate their psychological health.
13 the government's efforts，families and teenagers need to be active.If parents are concerned about their child's depression，Zhou 14 seeing a doctor or therapist and possibly taking medication.
Fortunately，things got 15 for Wang's cousin after he was convinced to receive medical treatment.“He talks with us and sleeps well now，” she said.“I hope he will get rid of depression one day.”
【语篇解读】　文章主要介绍了青少年抑郁的原因及所采取的措施。
1．A.Discovery B．Combination
C．Loss D．Complaint
C　[根据“Do you have continuous feelings of hopelessness or emptiness？”可知，抑郁症的表现之一是失去对正常活动的兴趣或乐趣。故选C。]
2．A.remember B．hesitate
C．fail D．intend
B　[根据“If you or people around you are experiencing these challenges，”可知，如果有人有以上的经历，不要犹豫去寻求帮助。hesitate to do sth.“犹豫做某事”。故选B。]
3．A.official B．ordinary
C．typical D．sensitive
C　[根据“Do you have continuous feelings of hopelessness or emptiness？ of interest or pleasure in normal activities？Insomnia or oversleeping？”可知，这些是抑郁症的典型症状。故选C。]
4．A.witnessed B．created
C．solved D．understood
A　[根据“her little cousin undergo these emotional and behavioral changes.”可知，王洋目睹了她的小表弟从正常到抑郁的变化。故选A。]
5．A.anxious B．careful
C．nervous D．enthusiastic
D　[根据“her cousin was very outgoing ”可知，她的表弟外向且对运动很有热情。be enthusiastic about“对……热心”。故选D。]
6．A.led to B．added to
C．turned to D．adjusted to
A　[根据“Her cousin，only 13，was later diagnosed with depression.Before that，her cousin was very outgoing and about sports.”可知，家人想知道导致孩子抑郁的原因。故选A。]
7．A.experiment B．performance
C．composition D．progress
B　[根据“intense competition with peers”可知，学习成绩不好是青少年抑郁的原因之一。故选B。]
8．A.positive B．healthy
C．negative D．wealthy
C　[根据“There are many reasons that a teenager might become depressed，”可知，负面的家庭生活也是青少年抑郁的原因之一。故选C。]
9．A.resource B．disappointment
C．happiness D．confidence
D　[根据“parents' overcontrol and excessive criticism over their children could cause a heavy mental damage”可知，父母对孩子的过度控制和批评，导致了孩子缺乏自尊和自信。故选D。]
10．A.extremely B．especially
C．merely D．nearly
B　[根据“He also points out that academic stress is another worsening factor，”可知，学习压力尤其对准备高考的高三学生来说更大。故选B。]
11．A.treatment B．development
C．operation D．pain
A　[根据“It asks high schools and colleges to include screening for depression in their students' physical checkups and evaluate their psychological health.”可知，国家卫健委的目的是更好地预防和治疗抑郁症。故选A。]
12．A.published B．ordered
C．announced D．cancelled
C　[根据“It asks high schools and colleges to include screening for depression in their students' physical checkups and evaluate their psychological health.”可知，这是国家卫健委公布的一项计划。故选C。]
13．A.Regardless of B．As far as
C．On behalf of D．Aside from
D　[根据“families and teenagers need to be active.”可知，除了政府的努力，家庭和青少年也需要积极配合。故选D。]
14．A.continues B．recommends
C．permits D．learns
B　[根据“seeing a doctor or therapist and possibly taking medication.”可知，这是心理治疗师周永生的建议。recommend doing sth.“建议做某事”。故选B。]
15．A.worse B．harder
C．easier D．better
D　[根据“He talks with us and sleeps well now，”可知，王洋表弟的抑郁状况有所好转。故选D。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
Bruno Mars was born into a very musical family in Hawaii.When he was young，he often performed on the stage with his family，1.________ gave him full confidence and experience.After graduating from high school，Bruno 2.________(decide) to move to Los Angeles to build his music career.
It wasn't easy，though.He was used to giving performances 3.________(regular) as a musician in Hawaii.But in Los Angeles competition was much 4.________(strong)，so Bruno had a hard time breaking into the music industry.5.________ the desire to give up was great，he never did.Bruno found that he could make money and become famous by writing songs for famous singers.In 2010 Bruno 6.________(ask) to record one of his songs，which rocketed to the top of the charts.That same year he released his first original song，“Just the Way You Are”.7.________ also hit number one.The song's 8.________(succeed) brought Bruno instant fame and star status.Since then Bruno Mars 9.________(receive) numerous music awards and honors.He has sold more than 130 million records，making him one of the best selling artists ever.Many of his fans and peers consider him a musical genius and one of the world's best 10.________(performer)．
【语篇解读】　本文讲述了美国男歌手Bruno Mars的成名故事。
1．which　[考查定语从句。句意：当他小时候，他经常和家人在舞台上表演，这给了他充分的信心和经验。空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，故填which。]
2．decided　[考查动词时态。句意：高中毕业后，Bruno决定搬到洛杉矶发展他的音乐事业。根据前文的“After graduating from high school”可知此处描述过去发生的事情，需要用一般过去时态，故填decided。]
3．regularly　[考查副词。句意：他习惯于作为音乐家定期在夏威夷演出。修饰动词短语giving performances用副词，故填regularly。]
4．stronger　[考查比较级。句意：但在洛杉矶，竞争更加激烈，所以Bruno很难进入音乐行业。根据句意以及前文的比较级修饰词much可知，此处需要用形容词比较级，比较夏威夷和洛杉矶的竞争，故填stronger。]
5．Although/Though/While　[考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然他很想放弃，但他从来没有放弃过。根据句意，前后是让步关系，Although/Though/While表示“尽管、虽然”，符合句意，故填Although/Though/While。]
6．was asked　[考查时态语态。句意：2010年，Bruno被邀请录制他的一首歌，这首歌迅速蹿升至排行榜榜首。根据“in 2010”可知此处是描述过去发生的事情，需要用一般过去时，主语Bruno和谓语动词ask之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was asked。]
7．It/That　[考查代词。句意：它也成了第一名。此处指代his first original song，“Just the Way You Are”。所以用表示单数的代词it或that，故填It/That。]
8．success　[考查名词。句意：这首歌的成功迅速给Bruno带来了名气和明星地位。本句用名词success在句中作主语，表示单数概念，故填success。]
9．has received　[考查动词时态。句意：从那以后，Bruno获得了无数的音乐奖项和荣誉。由“Since then”可知应该使用现在完成时，主语Bruno Mars是单数，故填has received。]
10．performers　[考查名词的单复数。句意：他的许多歌迷和同行都认为他是一个音乐天才，也是世界上最好的表演者之一。one of＋名词复数，故填performers。]
6/61．The less you speak，the more you will hear.
—Alexander Solshenitsen
说得越少，听到的就越多。
——亚历山大·索尔仁尼琴
2．As I grow older，I pay less attention to what men say.I just watch what they do.
—Andrew Carnegie
随着我渐渐变老，我越来越少在意人们在说些什么。我只观察他们做什么。
——安德鲁·卡内基
3．The most basic of all human needs is the need to understand and be understood.
—Ralph Nichols
人类最基本的需要就是理解和被理解。
——拉尔夫·尼克尔斯
There may be times when we feel like our connection to the universe is closed.Maybe things don't seem to be going well in our day，or our lives，or we may feel out of our element.The truth is，the universe is always there for us.We know that we create our experience with our thoughts，and this is another way we need to make a conscious decision about how we want to experience life.It is up to us to do the work of making the connection，because nobody can do it for us，though sometimes the universe may send us wake up calls.
Each year Ben is glad when school is closed on Martin Luther King Jr.Day.Ben knows that this day honors an important man，but Ben does not feel connected to him.However，the small world theory connects Ben to Dr.King.Ben's mom (0) has a close friend，Amy (1)．Amy's uncle，Mark (2)，once met and spoke to John Carter (3)，the son of President Jimmy Carter (4)．Jimmy Carter knew Dr.King (5)．In a way，Ben is only “five people away” from Martin Luther King Jr.
The small world theory says that everyone in the world is connected through a short chain (链条) of people they know.Another name of this chain is degrees of separation.Each degree is a step that separates a person from someone he or she does not know.There are zero degrees of separation between a person and the people he or she knows directly.This means that there are zero degrees between Ben and his mom.There is one degree of separation when just one person separates someone from a person he or she does not know.The theory says that there are no more than six degrees of separation between any two people in the world.
[探索发现]
1．Who is Ben two degrees away from
Mark.
2．What is the small world theory mainly about
How people are connected in the world.课时分层作业(一)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The government has decided to release(释放) some prisoners.
2．The competitors will be subject to random(随意的) drug testing.
3．Is there always a conflict(冲突) between science and religion
4．The council recently drew fire for its intervention(干预) in the dispute.
5．Go and apologise(道歉) to her for what you have said to her.
6．If you get up early，try not to disturb(打扰) everyone else.
7．I also had friends who gave me a great deal of encouragement(鼓励)．
8．I envy(羡慕) you having such a close family.
9．In theory(理论)，these machines should last for ten years or more.
10．The scales can be used to weigh other items such as parcels(包裹)．
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Arriving in Sydney on his own from India，my husband，Rashid，stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.
During the first week of his stay，he went out one day to do some shopping.He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone.He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers，including his passport.
He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city，thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.
Late in the evening，the phone rang.It was a stranger.He was trying to pronounce my husband's name and was asking him a lot of questions.Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶) that had been left out on the footpath.
My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents.Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers.Her parents had carefully sorted them out，although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents.At last they had seen a half written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.
That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people.We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.
【语篇解读】　文中作者讲述了她们一家经历的一件事情。作者的丈夫不慎丢失了文件包，正当着急的时候，有人打电话给送了回来，原来是那家人发现他们家的小孩在垃圾桶旁边发现了这些文件，然后给送还了回来，通过这件事作者一家又找回了对人的信任。
1．What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney
A．Go shopping. B．Find a house.
C．Join his family. D．Take a vacation.
B　[细节理解题。根据文章首段“Rashid，stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house”可知，Rashid到了悉尼后，在旅馆待了很短一段时间就出去给家人找房子了。故选B。]
2．The girl's parents got Rashid's phone number from ．
A．a friend of his family B．a Sydney policeman
C．a letter in his papers D．a stranger in Sydney
C　[细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“At last they had seen a half written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.”可知，陌生人一家是通过作者丈夫文件中的一封信里的内容得知他的电话号码的，故答案选C。]
3．What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean
A．Showed. B．Sent out.
C．Delivered. D．Gave back.
D　[猜测词义题。根据文章倒数第二段“My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents.”可知，那家人把捡到的文件送还给作者的丈夫，应该是“归还”文件，由此判断该词意思是“归还”。故选D。]
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．From India to Australia
B．Living in a New Country
C．Turning Trash to Treasure
D．In Search of New Friends
C　[主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者的丈夫丢失的物品被扔到了垃圾箱，但是有一个好心的家庭却把那些文件等整理好送还给作者的丈夫，这些别人眼里的垃圾对作者的丈夫来说非常重要，由此判断C选项内容更能体现文章中心。故选C。]
B
There are those who save every takeaway container.There are others who throw away every takeaway container and later wish they hadn't clone so.Wouldn't it be great if these two people could do each other a favor and just swap(交换)
Across the world，those with too much “junk”，and those who can't get enough of it，are exchanging and sharing their stuff online on a network called Freecycle.On Freecycle，people can swap with others who live within a few miles of them.All you have to do is list whatever you have to give away or whatever you're looking for.Take a quick visit to the website，and you can get your hands on a baby stroller，a dictionary，or a pair of shoes.Just sign up and make sure you turn up to collect your new－or，rather，old—item.
“Freecycling” isn't just a trend，though.It's becoming the accepted way of doing things.If your child has grown up，what better way to deal with his or her stroller than to give it to another kid？And if you're moving house，your expensive necessities，even beds and cupboards，can just be freecycled.
Admittedly？A lot of the items carry warnings，such as “TV with remote control missing” or“saucepan (no lid)”．And some listings are a bit bossy，too，as in “ladies' shoes”—must be collected TONIGHT！！
It's also possible to get a bit addicted to Freecycle.A “bamboo cocktail bar”，a“cupboard with 20 very small drawers”，a huge pile of squares of cloth，great for craft projects! It all sounded so good to one of my flatmates that she became an example of a “Freecycle addict”．But that didn't matter，of course.Everything she got could later be freecycled off again.
【语篇解读】　文章讲述了闲置商品网站Freecycle的相关情况以及它给人们提供的便利。
5．Why does the author mention two kinds of people in Paragraph 1
A．To lead to the topic of Freecycle.
B．To compare their different habits.
C．To call on people to help each other.
D．To help them exchange takeaway containers.
A　[推理判断题。第一段中“There are those who save every takeaway container.There are others who throw away every takeaway container and later wish they hadn't clone so.”提到两类人对外卖盒的不同处理方法，紧接着用一句否定的一般疑问句“Wouldn't it be great if these two people could do each other a favor and just swap？”给出了建议，这就为第二段引出闲置商品网站“Freecycle”做好了铺垫，因此A项“To lead to the topic of Freecycle.”正确。故选A项。]
6．What can people do on Freecycle
A．Buy cheap things.
B．Make friends online.
C．Store their own things.
D．Offer unwanted items for free.
D　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段“On Freecycle，people can swap with others who live within a few miles of them.All you have to do is list whatever you have to give away or whatever you're looking for.”以及下文可知，人们可以在Freecycle网站上免费提供或获得自己所需的物品。故选D项。]
7．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Everything on Freecycle is expensive.
B．My flatmate has nothing to do with Freecycle.
C．It is possible to get useless things from Freecycle.
D．It is easy for some people to get crazy about Freecycle.
D　[主旨大意题。文章最后一段的第一句“It's also possible to get a bit addicted to Freecycle.”为段落主旨句。下文通过“one of my flatmates”的例子来对此加以说明。D项概括了最后一段的段落大意。故选D。]
8．What can we say about freecycling
A．It is not a possible trend.
B．It is win win for some people.
C．It can cause some problems.
D．It is likely to produce waste.
B　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段“On Freecycle，people can swap with others who live within a few miles of them.All you have to do is list whatever you have to give away or whatever you're looking for.”以及下文可知，人们在闲置网站上能免费提供或者得到自己闲置的物品，Freecycling给大家提供了各取所需，互惠互利的平台，因此它对一些人来说是双赢的。故选B。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Learning to Love Locally Grown Foods
Cooking shows on TV are usually all about foreign foods.Thanks to globalization，people everywhere are introducing their taste buds to dishes from every corner of the world. 1 In the past few years，the number of people purchasing local foods has been rising because it offers a lot of benefits.
For starters，local food is often tastier because it is fresher.Imported goods must be flown or shipped in from far away，so they naturally lose some of their freshness during the journey. 2 These materials may cause the nutritional value of these goods to decline during the shipping process.Food safety is another reason why people are choosing local produce.Today's laws regarding foods vary from country to country. 3 But when you know the local farmer who grows your food，the chances of it being polluted are greatly reduced.
Buying local foods can also have a beneficial impact on the environment.Buying local，consumers can maintain green space and farmland in their communities.Besides，if farmers can sell directly to consumers，they will earn more money for their families.Additional profits also enable farmers to better care for their soil and keep quality standards high. 4
5 This is an open area where farmers sell fruits，vegetables，and meat directly to the public.Once you experience the freshness of local foods for yourself，it might be tough to go back to the supermarket.
A．In the end，it's a win win situation for both parties.
B．However，some disagree with the idea of importing foreign foods.
C．To conclude，the farmers can make money and improve their life.
D．This makes it difficult to detect if any harmful chemicals have been used.
E．At the same time，other people are discovering that food from their area is the best.
F．If you're interested in having more local foods，you can even attend a farmers' market.
G．Imported goods must also be packaged in plastic or other containers to survive the journey.
【语篇解读】　文章介绍购买本地食物也会对环境产生有益的影响，所以作者建议我们学会爱上当地种植的食物。
1．E　[根据前句“Thanks to globalization，people everywhere are introducing their taste buds to dishes from every corner of the world.”和后句“In the past few years，the number of people purchasing local foods has been rising because it offers a lot of benefits.”可知，一些人发现本地食物是最好的而现在选择购买本地食物。所以选项E符合上下文语境。故选E。]
2．G　[根据前句“Imported goods must be flown or shipped in from far away，so they naturally lose some of their freshness during the journey.”和后句“These materials may cause the nutritional value of these goods to decline during the shipping process.”可知，这里讲进口商品的运输问题。所以选项G符合上下文语境。故选G。]
3．D　[根据前句“Food safety is another reason why people are choosing local produce.Today's laws regarding foods vary from country to country.”和后句“But when you know the local farmer who grows your food，the chances of it being polluted are greatly reduced.”可知，这里讲食物的安全问题。所以选项D符合上下文语境。故选D。]
4．A　[根据本段“Buying local foods can also have a beneficial impact on the environment.Buying local，consumers can maintain green space and farmland in their communities.Besides，if farmers can sell directly to consumers，they will earn more money for their families.Additional profits also enable farmers to better care for their soil and keep quality standards high.”可知，本段主要介绍购买本地食物给本地消费者和农民都会带来好处。所以选项A符合上下文语境。故选A。]
5．F　[根据后句“This is an open area where farmers sell fruits，vegetables，and meat directly to the public.Once you experience the freshness of local foods for yourself，it might be tough to go back to the supermarket.”可知，农贸市场的本地食物更加新鲜。所以选项F符合上下文语境。故选F。]
5/7Section Ⅱ　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
(　　)1.consequence A.vi.扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水
(　　)2.proceed B．vi.&vt.查明，调查，侦查
(　　)3.frequently C．adv.经常地，频繁地
(　　)4.dive D．vi. to continue doing sth. that has
already been started
(　　)5.investigate E．n. a result of sth. that has happened
[答案]　1—5　EDCAB
B．短语匹配
(　　)1.in amazement　 A．(用车)接；捡起；偶然学会
(　　)2.grasp the full meaning of
B．由于
(　　)3.burst into tears C．胳膊掩面
(　　)4.bury one's face in arms
D．领会全部意义
(　　)5.set...on fire E．照顾；照看
(　　)6.look after F．惊奇地
(　　)7.due to G．突然大哭
(　　)8.pick up H．给……放火
[答案]　1—5　FDGCH　6—8　EBA
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．additionally adv.　 除此之外，此外
2．household n. 一家人，同住一栋房子的人
3．bond n. 纽带，联系
4．adopt vi.&vt. 收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度
5．freeze vi.&vt. 呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结
6．reveal vt. 揭示，揭露；展现，显露
7．tear stained adj. 有泪痕的
8．dare n．&vi. 胆敢，敢于
Ⅰ.语境填空
reveal；dare；bond；household；dive；tear stained；adopt；proceed
1．Most households now own at least one car.
2．The agreement strengthened the bonds between the two countries.
3．The number of women who become pregnant after adopting children is legion.
4．We're not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale.
5．The report reveals (that) the company made a loss of ￡20 million last year.
6．She wiped her eyes，and a slight smile began to crease her tear stained cheeks.
7．She dared not breathe a word of it to anybody.
8．The ducks dived and surfaced again several metres away.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．Additionally(additional)，they should be allowed to teach，and be rewarded for doing it well.
2．Buses run frequently(frequent) between the city and the airport.
3．They require no legal action and are consequently(consequent) easy to start.
4．He begged forgiveness(forgive) for what he had done.
5．It is said that she is still under investigation(investigate)．
1．But when her eyes fell on the odd little figure in the stiff，ugly dress，with the long red hair and the eager，bright eyes，she froze in amazement.
但当她的目光落在那个衣服不合身又难看、长着红色长头发、眼睛热切而明亮的古怪小人身上时，她惊呆了。
2．Sitting down on a chair by the table，throwing her arms on it，and burying her face in them，she proceeded to cry stormily.
一下坐到桌边的椅子上，扑到桌上，脸埋在臂弯里，放声大哭。
3．Midway between table and bed was the window，with an icy white curtain over it.
桌子和床的中间有一扇窗，窗上挂着一块冰白色的窗帘。
4．With a sob she quickly undressed，put on her nightclothes and jumped into bed where she pressed her face down into the pillow and pulled the clothes over her head.
她抽泣着，迅速脱下衣服，穿上睡衣，跳到床上，把脸埋在枕头里，拉过棉被蒙住脑袋。
5．And up stairs，in the east gable，a lonely，heart hungry，friendless child cried herself to sleep.
楼上东山墙那边的房间里，一个孤独、心灰意冷、没有朋友的孩子，哭泣着进入了梦乡。
词语助读
①rush vi.急促；快速移动
②odd adj.奇怪的；怪异的；反常的
③figure n．人物；轮廓；体形
④ugly adj.丑陋的；难看的
⑤eager adj.热切的；渴望的
⑥freeze vi.&vt.呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结
⑦amazement n．吃惊，惊奇
⑧nod vi.点头
⑨insist vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说
⑩alone adj.独自一个人
grasp vt.抓住；理解，领会
spring v．跳，跃，蹦
clasp vt.紧握，紧扣
might have expected本来应该预料到
burst into tears突然大哭
burst out crying突然大哭
proceed vi.继续进行，继续做
stormily adv.暴风雨般地；愤怒地
comfort vt.&n.安慰；宽慰
there's no need to...没有必要做某事
reveal vt.揭示，揭露；展现，显露
tear stained adj.有泪痕的
investigate vi.&vt.查明，调查，侦查
affair n．事件；公共事务
come along来吧；一起来
have no appetite没有食欲
sharply adv.严厉地；猛烈地；急剧地；突然大幅地
sigh v．叹气；叹息
depth n．深；深度
deep adj.深的
deepen vt.加 深
despair n．绝望
in despair绝望地
respond vi.回答，回应
light v．点，点燃
perfectly adv.十分；完全地；非常
three legged adj.3条腿的
undress vt.给……脱衣服
dare n．&vi.激将；挑战；胆敢，敢于
put out熄灭
set...on fire给……放火
look around环顾四周；四处看
painfully adv.非常地；令人痛苦地；令人烦恼地
bare adj.空的，无装饰的；赤裸的，裸露的
old fashioned adj.陈旧的；过时的；不赶时髦的
faucet n．水龙头
unwelcoming adj.不亲切的；不热情的；不温馨的
shiver n．&vi.颤抖，哆嗦，发抖
sob n．&vi.&vt.抽噎，啜泣；哭诉
pillow n．枕头
untidy adj.不整洁的，不整齐的；凌乱的
pick up捡起；拾起
awkwardly adv.难看地；不雅观地；笨拙地；无技巧地
disapprovingly adv.
不以为然地；非难地；不赞成地
dive vi.扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水
frown vi.皱眉
resolutely adv.坚决地，坚定地
原文呈现
Marilla saw Matthew in the front yard and immediately rushed① to the door.But when her eyes fell on the odd② little figure③ in the stiff，ugly④ dress，with the long red hair and the eager⑤，bright eyes，she froze⑥ in amazement⑦.
“Matthew Cuthbert，who's that？”she asked.“Where is the boy？”
“There wasn't any boy，” said Matthew.“There was only her.”
He nodded⑧ at the child，remembering that he had never even asked her name.
“No boy! But there must have been a boy，”insisted⑨ Marilla.“We sent word to Mrs Spencer to bring a boy.”
“Well，she didn't.She brought her.She arrived at the train station and couldn't be left there alone⑩.”
During this dialogue the child had remained silent.Suddenly she seemed to grasp the full meaning of what had been said.She sprang forward a step and clasped her hands.
“You don't want me！” the girl cried.“You don't want me because I'm not a boy! I might have expected it.I might have known it was all too beautiful to last.I might have known nobody really did want me.Oh，what am I going to do？I'm going to burst into tears ！”
Burst into tears she did.Sitting down on a chair by the table，throwing her arms on it，and burying her face in them，she proceeded to cry stormily . Marilla and Matthew looked at each other.Neither of them knew what to say or do.Finally Marilla stepped in to try to comfort the child.
“Well，well，there's no need to cry so about it.”
“Yes，there is need！” The child raised her head，revealing a tear stained face.“You would cry，too，if you were an orphan and had come to a place you thought was going to be home and found that they didn't want you because you weren't a boy.”
“Well，don't cry anymore.We're not going to send you off tonight.You'll have to stay here until we investigate this affair .What's your name？”
“Anne，” said the child sadly.
“Well，come along ，Anne.It's dinner time.”
They all sat down for dinner but Anne could not eat.She tried to enjoy the bread and butter and the apple jam out of the little glass dish by her plate but she had no appetite .
“You're not eating anything，” said Marilla sharply ，eying her as if it were a serious problem[1]．Anne sighed .
[1]as if从句使用虚拟语气，表示对现在事实相反的假设。
“I can't.I'm in the depths of despair .Can you eat when you are in the depths of despair？”
“I've never been in the depths of despair，so I can't say，” responded Marilla.
“Weren't you？Well，did you ever try to imagine you were in the depths of despair？”
“No，I didn't.”
“I guess she's tired，” said Matthew.“Best put her to bed，Marilla.”
Marilla had been wondering where Anne should be put to bed.She decided on the small bedroom on the first floor.She lit a candle and told Anne to follow her，which Anne did，taking her hat and bag from the hall table as she passed.The hall was perfectly clean；the little room in which she found herself seemed still cleaner[2]．
[2]in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词room。
Marilla set the candle on a three legged table and turned down the bedclothes.
“Well，undress as quick as you can and go to bed.I'll come back in a few minutes for the candle.I daren't trust you to put it out yourself.You'd likely set the place on fire .”
When Marilla had gone，Anne looked around her sadly.The whitewashed walls were so painfully bare .The floor was bare，too.In one corner was the bed，a high，old fashioned one of dark wood.Midway between table and bed was the window，with an icy white curtain over it.There was no restroom，but there was a wash stand with a faucet in the other corner.The whole room felt cold and unwelcoming ，which sent a shiver through Anne's bones.With a sob she quickly undressed，put on her nightclothes and jumped into bed where she pressed her face down into the pillow and pulled the clothes over her head.
When Marilla came up for the light，she saw the untidy way the clothing had been thrown on the floor.She carefully picked up Anne's clothes，placed them neatly on a yellow chair，and then，taking up the candle，went over to the bed.
“Good night，”she said，a little awkwardly ，but not unkindly.
Anne's white face and big eyes appeared over the bedclothes.“How can you call it a good night when you know it must be the very worst night I've ever had？” she said disapprovingly .Then she dived1 down into the bedclothes again.
To bed went Matthew.And to bed，when she had put her dishes away，went Marilla，frowning most resolutely.And up stairs，in the east gable，a lonely，heart hungry，friendless child cried herself to sleep.
译文参考
玛丽拉看见马修到前院了，立刻冲到门口。但当她的目光落在那个衣服不合身又难看、长着红色长头发、眼睛热切而明亮的古怪小人身上时，她惊呆了。
“马修·卡斯伯特，她是谁？那个男孩子呢？”她问道。
“没有男孩子，只有她在那里。”马修答道。
他向那孩子点了点头，突然想起自己甚至还没有问过女孩儿的名字。
“没有男孩儿！可是一定得有个男孩儿，”玛丽拉坚持说。“我们给斯宾塞太太捎口信要带个男孩子来的呀。”
“好吧，她没有。斯宾塞太太只带来了这个孩子。她到了火车站，总不能把她一个人扔在那儿吧。”
俩人说话时，这孩子一声不吭。突然，她似乎完全明白了他们说话的意思，冲上前一步，双手紧握。
“你们不想要我！”她大喊道。“你们不想要我，就因为我不是男孩儿！我早就应该料到。我早就应该知道这件事太美好，无法持久。我早就应该想到没人真得想要我。哦，我该怎么办呀？我马上就要哭出来了！”
她立刻哭了起来。一下坐到桌边的椅子上，扑到桌上，脸埋在臂弯里，放声大哭。玛丽拉和马修面面相觑，都不知道该说什么，也不知道该做点儿什么。最后玛丽拉试着走上前安慰这个孩子。
“好啦，好啦，没必要为这事儿哭成这样。”
“有，有必要！”那孩子抬起头，露出一张泪痕斑斑的脸。“如果你是个孤儿，来到一个满以为会成为自己家的地方，却发现他们并不想要你，因为你不是个男孩，你也会哭的。”
“好吧，别再哭了。今晚我们不会送你走的。在我们搞清楚这件事之前，你先待在这儿。你叫什么名字？”
“我叫安妮，”孩子悲伤地说。
“好的，来吧，安妮，该吃晚饭了。”
他们都坐下来吃饭，但安妮吃不下。她试着吃点儿面包、黄油和摆在她盘子旁边小玻璃碟里的苹果酱，但一点胃口都没有。
“你什么都没吃，”玛丽拉严厉地说，眼睛盯着她，好像这是个严重的问题。安妮叹了口气。
“我吃不下。我彻底绝望了。你彻底绝望的时候还能吃得下东西吗？”
“我从来没有完全绝望的时候，所以没法回答，”玛丽拉回答道。
“你没有过吗？好吧，那你有没有试着想象自己陷入了绝望的深渊？”
“不，没想过。”
“我想她一定是累了，”马修说。“最好让她去睡觉吧，玛丽拉。”
玛丽拉一直在想应该让安妮睡在哪里，最后决定安排在一楼的小卧室。她点了根蜡烛，让安妮跟着她。安妮跟了上来，路过大厅时从桌子上拿起自己的帽子和包。大厅非常干净，她发现自己进来的这间小屋似乎更干净。
玛丽拉把蜡烛放在一张3条腿的桌子上，铺开床褥。
“好了，赶快脱掉衣服上床睡觉吧。几分钟后我会回来拿蜡烛，我可不放心让你自己吹灭蜡烛，你很可能会放火烧了这个地方。”
玛丽拉走后，安妮悲伤地环顾四周。四周的墙壁粉刷得雪白，什么装饰也没有。地板上也空荡荡的，角落里有一张床，一张高高的老式深色木床。桌子和床的中间有一扇窗，窗上挂着一块冰白色的窗帘。房间里没有洗手间，但另一个角落有一个带水龙头的洗漱台。整个房间让人感到寒冷而陌生，安妮浑身打了个冷战。她抽泣着，迅速脱下衣服，穿上睡衣，跳到床上，把脸埋在枕头里，拉过棉被蒙住脑袋。
玛丽拉回来取蜡烛时，看到安妮的衣服乱七八糟地扔在地上，便仔细地拾起衣服，整齐地放在黄色的椅子上，然后拿起蜡烛，走到床边。
“晚安，”她口气有些生硬，但透着一丝温情。
安妮从被子里露出苍白的脸蛋和大眼睛。“你明明知道这一定是我度过的最糟糕的一晚，还说什么晚安呢？”她反驳道。然后又钻进了被子里。
马修上床睡觉了。玛丽拉收拾完盘子，紧紧地皱着眉头，也回到房间休息了。楼上东山墙那边的房间里，一个孤独、心灰意冷、没有朋友的孩子，哭泣着进入了梦乡。
速读课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及：
1．When Marilla first saw Anne，she felt pleased.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
2．Marilla first thought Anne was a boy.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
3．Anne enjoyed the dinner when she was asked to sit down for dinner.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
4．Matthew led Anne to the bed room.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
5．The room Anne lived in was tidy and welcoming.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
[答案]　1—5　BABBB
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息：
A．frowning most resolutely
B．eying her as if it were a serious problem
C．burying her face in them，she proceeded to cry stormily
D．remembering that he had never even asked her name
E．taking her hat and bag from the hall table as she passed
1．Marilla nodded at the child， ．
2．Sitting down on a chair by the table，throwing her arms on it，and ．
3．“You're not eating anything，” said Marilla sharply， ．
4．She lit a candle and told Anne to follow her，which Anne did， ．
5．And to bed，when she had put her dishes away，went Marilla， ．
[答案]　1—5　DCBEA
Ⅲ.表格填空
Developmentof the story Marilla Anne
Upon arrival She immediately rushed to the door when she saw 1.Matthew in the front yard.Then she froze 2.in amazement when she saw Anne.She insisted that 3.MrsSpencer should bring a boy.Marilla and Matthew tried to 4．comfort Anne. Anne grasped the eaning of their dialogue，she 5．burst into tears，crying “you don't want me because I'm 6.a girl．I might have known it was too beautiful to last.I might have known nobodyreally did want me.”
Dinner time Marilla could not understand Anne's 7．despair．She spoke to Anne sharply when she saw Anne eating 8．nothing．Marilla decided to put Anne to bed. Anne had no 9．appetiteand she was in the depths of despair.
Bed time She went to bed，frowning most resolutely. Anne undressed，put on her nightclothes and 10.jumped into bed.
细读课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
1．Part 1　　 A．The bed time for Anne.
2．Part 2 B．The dinner time for Anne.
3．Part 3 C．The arrival of Anne.
[答案]　1—3　CBA
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．Why did Marilla feel amazed when he first saw Anne
A．Because Anne was in ugly dress.
B．Because she didn't notice Anne before.
C．Because she thought a boy would be brought.
D．Because Matthew ignored her.
2．Anne burst into tears because ．
A．she understand the full meaning of the dialogue between Marilla and Matthew
B．she felt hungry at that time
C．she wanted to be a boy
D．she had no place to get through the night
3．How did Marilla feel when she saw Anne eating nothing
A．A bit amazed. B．A little angry.
C．A bit desperate. D．A little surprised.
4．How did Anne feel when she lay on the bed
A．Upset. B．Comfortable.
C．Excited. D．Amused.
[答案]　1—4　CABA
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能——动作神态描写
A．阅读课文中含有动作神态描写的语句
1．But when her eyes fell on the odd little figure in the stiff，ugly dress，with the long red hair and the eager，bright eyes，she froze in amazement.
2．When Marilla had gone，Anne looked around her sadly.
3．The child raised her head，revealing a tear stained face.
B．判断下列语句哪些不是表示动作神态描写的
1．I daren't trust you to put it out yourself.
2．And to bed，when she had put her dishes away，went Marilla，frowning most resolutely.
3．How can you call it a good night when you know it must be the very worst night I've ever had
[答案]　　1；3
1．addition n．增加，增添；附属物→additional adj.附加的，额外的→additionally adv.除此之外，此外
2．frequent adj.经常的；频繁的→frequently adv.经常地；频繁地→frequency n．频率；频繁
3．consequence n．后果→consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv.因此，所以
4．freeze v．(使)冻结，结冰；(使)冻住，凝固；冰冻；严寒→freezing adj.严寒的，极冷的→frozen adj.结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的
5．investigate vi.&vt.查明，调查，侦查→investigation n．调查
pick up捡起，收拾；收听，接收；(用车)来接；(不是通过正规教育和指导)学会；(偶然)得到消息；(无意地廉价)买到；(生意)好转
①She went over to the crying child and picked her up. 捡起
②I will pick you up at the airport at five. 用车接
③We were able to pick up the BBC World Service. 收听
④She picked up Spanish and many a good habit when she was living in Mexico. 学会
⑤Trade usually picks up in the spring and the sales have picked up 14% this year. 好转
⑥You can pick up lots of used stamps very cheaply. 买到
Words and Phrases
　additionally adv.除此以外，此外
(教材原句P108)　Additionally，there was very little crime.
此外，犯罪率很低。
[例]　You can pay bills over the Internet.Additionally，you can check your balance or order statements.
你可以在网上支付账单。此外，你还能查对余额或订货结算单。
[知识拓展]
(1)addition n．　　　　 相加；增加物；加法
in addition 另外，此外
in addition to 除……以外
(2)additional adj. 增加的，额外的；另外的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①There are additional(addition) publications of special relevance to new graduates.
②You need money and time；in addition，you need diligence.
③In addition to these arrangements(除了这些安排以外)，extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.
　frequently adv.经常地；频繁地
(教材原句P108)　They visited each other and frequently organised community celebrations.
他们互相拜访，经常组织社区庆祝活动。
[例]　By this time she was in her nineties and needed help more and more frequently.
到这个时候她已经90多岁了，越来越频繁地需要帮助。
[知识拓展]
frequent adj.　　　 时常发生的，频繁的，常见的
frequency n. 频繁，频率
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He goes to the market to buy stamps frequently(frequent)．
②Accidents are happening there with increasing frequency(frequent)．
　consequence n．后果
(教材原句P108)　Well，the consequences of the change followed quickly.
嗯，变化的结果很快就发生了。
[例]　This decision could have serious consequences for the industry.
这项决定可能对该行业造成严重后果。
[知识拓展]
(1)as a consequence＝in consequence 结果，因此
as a consequence of＝in consequence of 由于；因为……的缘故
answer for the consequences 对后果负责
take/suffer/bear the consequences 承担后果
be of no consequence (to sb.) 对……无关紧要
(2)consequent adj. 结局的，由某事物引起
consequently ad 因而，所以
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The animals have died as a consequence of coming into contact with this chemical.
②You have to take the consequences of the accident(承担这次事故的后果)．
③His death was totally unexpected and，in consequence，no plans had been made for his replacement.
④She missed the train and consequently(consequent) was late for work.
　adopt vi.&vt.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度
(教材原句P14)　They apply to adopt a boy from an orphanage as they need help on their farm.
他们申请领养一个孤儿院的男孩，因为他们的农场需要帮助。
[例]　After much deliberation，the president decided to adopt her suggestion.
总经理经过再三考虑后，决定采纳她的建议。
[知识拓展]
(1)adopt an idea/a plan　 采纳意见/计划
adopt a child 领养孩子
(2)adoption n. 采纳，采用，过继
adopted adj. 收养的，领养的；外来的
adopted words 外来词
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Mr Ken adopted the orphan as his own son.
②We are talking about the adoption(adopt) of a new plan for the picnic.
③This couple treats their adopted(adopt) child as their own.
　freeze vi.&vt.呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结
(教材原句P14)　...she froze in amazement.
……她惊呆了。
[例]　Ten degrees of frost had frozen the lock on the car.
零下十摄氏度把轿车上的锁冻住了。
[知识拓展]
(1)freeze to death　　　　 (把某人)冻死
(2)freezing adj. 冰冷的；极冷的
below/above freezing 冰冻以下/上
the freezing point 冰点
freezing cold 极冷
(3)frozen adj. (河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①This afternoon's sunshine could nudge the temperature above freezing(freeze)．
②The temperature remained below freezing point(冰点以下) throughout the day.
③Put another coat on，or you'll freeze to death out there(否则你在外面会冻死的)．
　burst into tears突然大哭
(教材原句P14)　I'm going to burst into tears!
我马上就要哭出来了！
[例]　She burst into tears and ran from the kitchen.
她突然哭起来，跑出了厨房。
[知识拓展]
(1)burst into＋n.　　　　 突然(开始做某事)
burst out doing 突然出现；突然发生
burst into laughter＝burst out laughing
突然大笑起来
burst into tears＝burst out crying
突然大哭起来
(2)burst forth 突然爆发，冒出
burst in(on/upon) 突然插嘴，打扰，突然闯入
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The aircraft crashed and burst into flames.
②He burst in on the meeting.
③Rubin burst out laughing(laugh) as he read the letter.
　investigate vi.&vt.查明，调查，侦查
(教材原句P15)　You'll have to stay here until we investigate this affair.
在我们搞清楚这件事之前，你先待在这儿。
[例]　This is not the first time he has been investigated by the police for fraud.
这不是警方第一次调查他是否有欺诈行为。
[知识拓展]
(1)investigator n．　　 调查员
(2)investigation n. 调查
under investigation 在调查中
carry out investigation 开展调查
make social investigation 进行社会调查
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The government has promised a full investigation(investigate) into the disaster.
②The source of infection for all three cases is still under investigation.
Sentence Patterns
　there is no need to do sth....
(教材原句P14)　Well，well，there's no need to cry so about it.
好啦，好啦，没必要为这事儿哭成这样。
句式分析：本句中的there is no need to do sth.属于存现句。
[例1]　There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.
你明天不必早起。
[例2]　Everything is fine with me，there is no need for you to be concerned.
这里一切都好，不用牵挂。
[知识拓展]
存现句的常考句型还有：
There is no doubt that... ……不容置疑/毫无疑问
There is no point/sense in doing sth.
做某事毫无意义
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There is no sense in getting(get) upset about it now.
②There is no doubt now that her marriage is beyond repair.
　with复合结构
(教材原句P15)　Midway between table and bed was the window，with an icy white curtain over it．
桌子和床的中间有一扇窗，窗上挂着一块冰白色的窗帘。
句式分析：本句中的with an icy white curtain over it是“with＋n.＋介词短语”构成的with复合结构。
[例1]　She said good bye with tears in her eyes.
她含着眼泪说了声再见。
[例2]　The man was asleep with his head on his arms.
这个人头枕着胳膊睡着了。
[知识拓展]
除了“with＋n.＋介词短语”外，with复合结构还有以下结构：
(1)with＋n.＋形容词
(2)with＋n.＋副词
(3)with＋n.＋现在分词
(4)with＋n.＋过去分词
(5)with＋n.＋动词不定式
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Don't speak with your mouth full(满嘴巴食物)．
②He fell asleep with the lamp burning(burn)．
③All the afternoon he worked with the door locked(lock)．
④I can't go out with all these clothes to wash(wash)．
1．Sitting down on a chair by the table，throwing her arms on it，and burying her face in them，she proceeded to cry stormily.
分析：本句中的sitting，throwing，burying都是现在分词短语在句中作状语。
译文：她一下坐到桌边的椅子上，扑到桌上，脸埋在臂弯里，放声大哭。
2．She lit a candle and told Anne to follow her，which Anne did，taking her hat and bag from the hall table as she passed.
分析：本句是一个复合句，which引导的定语从句，代指Anne to follow her；taking her hat and bag是现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语；as引导时间状语从句。
译文：她点了根蜡烛，让安妮跟着她。安妮跟了上来，路过大厅时从桌子上拿起自己的帽子和包。
教材 高考
1.They visited each other and frequently organised community celebrations. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Higher income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently，and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.
2.Well，the consequences of the change followed quickly. (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter the consequences.
3.They apply to adopt a boy from an orphanage as they need help on their farm. (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips，so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The police have eliminated two suspects from their investigation(investigate)．
2．The air temperature was well below freezing，and lakes and rivers froze(freeze) over.
3．Since the adoption(adopt) of the new working method，production has gone up.
4．The warming of the Earth and the consequent(consequence) climatic changes affect the whole world.
5．Objects like this turn up at sales with surprising frequency(frequent)．
6．In addition to the killed and wounded，many were missing.
7．With thick clothes to keep warm，there was no need to be(be) afraid of cold.
8．He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing(notice)．
9．The whole class burst into laughter(laugh) when they heard the joke.
10．He was in despair when he spent the last of his money.
Ⅱ.短语填空
set...on fire；look after；in amazement；due to；pick up；burst into tears
1．The coast road is closed due to bad weather.
2．I picked up a few good bargains in the sale.
3．When I walked into the classroom，I stood in amazement．
4．Dozens of people have been injured and many vehicles set on fire．
5．Do you fear that you'll burst into tears or explode with anger in front of her
6．They wanted someone responsible to look after the place at night time.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
When Matthew arrived with the little girl，Marilla froze in 1.amazement(amaze) because Mrs Spencer promised she was going to send a boy.When Anne grasped the 2.meaning(mean) of their conversation，she burst 3.into tears.Marilla had no idea how 4.to comfort(comfort) her.When she tried，the girl revealed a tear stained face and told her she was in the 5.depths(deep) of despair.Marilla asked Anne 6.to stay(stay) for the night and she would investigate the affair.Later she brought Anne to a little bedroom.Anne undressed and dived down 7.into the bedclothes.Marilla said she would return for the candle as she dare not leave 8.it for the child to put out.When she returned，she said “Good night” 9.awkwardly(awkward) but not unkindly.Anne was still upset and 10.crying(cry)．