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备战2022年上海市初三英语一模（期末）冲刺讲义第六讲 宾语从句及状语从句考点回顾+最新真题训练（教师版）
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进门小练笔中考易错易混词辨析 repeat/refuse/reduce/requireroughrecognizestrange/strongrunreference四分之一rightresource接受studyretired直的（adj/adv）stickspare敲；打storesuffer解决stepsurvey零食，小吃stateThose who can plan t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )heir time well are more likely to a________ success.The detectives are busy i________ the puzzling case at the moment.You can i________ your listening skill by watching English programmes every day.After the terribl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e earthquake, it is helpful to donate money to the c________ to help people in trouble.In g________, western teachers give students more independence.If you are c________ about the teacher’s explanation, don’t be afraid to ask.The story is b________ on a real story, so it is quite moving.The theatre will close unless some e________ money is found.There is nothing more s________ than doing the work you love.Hearing the noisy musi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )c, all the students ran in the d________ to the playground.That’s only my p________ opinion. Everyone is welcome to share yours.With our help ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nds and warm hearts, the cold world will be much warmer. One positive change may make a d________. We should keep in mind.1.achieve 2.investig ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ating 3.improve 4.charity 5.general 6.confused 7.based 8.extra 9.satisfying 10.derection 11.personal 12.difference 精讲精练宾语从句考点回顾【知识梳理1】 宾语从句的定义 定义：宾语从句，顾名思义，是一个用作宾语的句子。包括动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。例如： 做动词的宾语 Tell your son that watching TV too much is bad for his eyes. 告诉你儿子，看电视太多不好。 做介词的宾语 It all depends on weather it will be fine tomorrow. 所有一切都取决于明天的天气是否晴朗。 做系表结构的宾语 I am sure that he will come soon. 我确信他很快就会来。 【知识梳理2】宾语从句的语序和连接词的用法第一关：语序关 宾语从句必须用陈述句语序： 主语十谓语+宾语从句(从句由“连接词+陈述句”构成 1．Do you know where Tom is working now 第二关：时态关：（询问学生学过的时态口诀，然后分别给出例子让学生判断属于哪种时态，然后拓展过去完成时，先给出例子）(主现从不限,主过从过,主过从现）1. （主现从不限）Eg1. I want to know what he will do the day after tomorrow.Eg2. Do you know how he went to Beijing Eg3. I belie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve that you have done your best and that things will get better.2.（主过从过）Eg4. Lucy said that Lily was listening to the music.（过去进行时）Eg5. Lucy said that Lily would go home.（过去将来时）Eg6. Lucy said that Lily got up at five.（一般过去时）Eg7. Lucy said that Lily had never been to Guangzhou.（过去完成时）拓展3.（主过从现）Eg8. He said that th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e Yellow River is the second longest river in China.（主过从现,宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句是用什么时态，从句时态习惯上都用一般现在时）4. 情态动词could / would用于“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句约束。Eg9. Excuse me, could you tell me when _D_the new Olympic Center A. are we visi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted B. will we visit C. we are visited D. we will visit第三关：引导词关宾语从句的连接词分为三类：引导陈述句用that（在口语或非正式文体中常常省略）。（给出简单句让学生改写）Eg1. “Mr Wang teaches us English.”He says.He says that Mr Wang teaches them English. Eg2. “I am hungry.”Amy said.Amy said that she was hungry.（注意人称和时态的转换）特殊情况：What’s wrong with you What’s the matter with you Which is the way to some place Who is singing？引导一般疑问句用if或whether。Eg3. Do you have a TV set The man asked. The man asked if we had a TV set.那么if和whether的区别是什么呢？你能不能说一下？（学生说完知识点并举例子，老师总结）注意：下列几种情况通常使用whether：（让学生举例子）（1）在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether；eg. I don’t know whether or not they will come for our help.在介词之后用whether；eg. I’m not interested in whether you will come or not.在不定式前用whether等。eg. I can’t decide whether to stay.总结：只用whether不用if的情况引导介词后的宾语从句时eg：It depends on whether it will snow tomorrow.与or not连用时eg：I ask your secretary whether she could come or not.与不定式连接eg：I really don't know whether to accept or refuse.④宾语从句前置，置于句首时eg:Whether they can come here on time,we don’t know.那么，单独的if的用法呢？ if 既可以引 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if 引导宾语从句时，意思为“是否”，此时它的时态根据具体情况而定。if引导状语从句时，意思为“如果”，此时如果主句是一般将来时，从句部分则用一般现在时。（举两个例子让学生判断哪个是宾语从句，哪个是状语从句）Eg. The man asked if we had a TV set.Eg. If it rains tomorrow,we won’t have a picnic .引导特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词。疑问代词who，which，w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat，whose，whom以及疑问副词when，where，how，why均引导宾语从句，但一定要注意用陈述句语序。1) who/whom: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“who／whom+陈述句”) Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for 你知道他们在等谁吗？2) who: 主语+谓语十宾语从句("who构成的陈述句 I know who is crying over there．我知道谁在那里哭。3) which: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“which.+陈述句”) Please tell me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) which bus I'll take to go to that hotel．请告诉我坐哪一路车去那家旅馆。4) what: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“what+陈述句”) Through examination ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) we can learn what we did not know．通过考试，我们可以了解到什么我们还不知道。 You must be responsible for what you have done．你必须对所做的事情负责。 Do you know what film he wants to see.你知道他要看什么电影吗？5) when: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“when+陈述句”) Do you know when we shall have an English exam 你知道我们何时举行英语考试吗？6) where: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“where+陈述句”) Can you tell me where your father has gone 你能告诉我你父亲去哪里了吗？7) how: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“how十陈述句”) I asked how he was getting on．我问他近况如何。重点：特殊疑问词+不定式I don’t know what I should do with the letter. （改为简单句）（年山东烟台）I don’t know what _____to__ __do___ with the letter.(考试的时候有可能发过来出题)拓展：1、否定转移 当宾语从句表示否定的意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )义时，若主句主语为第一人称I,we且谓语动词是think / believe / suppose / expect/guess等时，其后的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。（前否且主句主语是第一人称时，以宾语从句回答）eg. I don’t think he can run faster than Tom.反义疑问句eg. I don’t thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nk he can run faster than Tom,can he （主句为第一人称时，反义疑问句看宾语从句）eg. He doesn’t belie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve that Lily can run faster than Tom,does he （主句为第三人称时，反义疑问句部分看主句）eg. John told you t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat there wasn’t anyone in the room at that time,didn’t he Eg. Mrs.Black d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital camera,does he （主句主语为第三人称，以主句进行回答；且前否后肯时，变否定为肯定再进行回答。）【知识梳理3】宾语从句用法1．直接引语转换成间接引语：1)引语是陈述句: 主语+said, “陈述句” ＝> 主语+said+(that)+陈述句 直接引语：He said, “I'm very glad.” 间接引语：He said (that) he was very glad.2)引语是一般疑问句: 主语+asked, “一般疑问句 ＝> 主语+asked+ whether/if+陈述句 直接引语：He asked, “Are you very busy these days ” 间接引语：He asked me whether／was very busy those days. 直接引语：He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John ” 间接引语：He asked whether John could go that afternoon.3)引语是特殊疑问句: 主语asked, “特殊疑问句” ＝> 主语+asked+疑问词+陈述句 He said, “When do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you want to leave ” ＝> He asked me when I wanted to leave. He said, “What do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you want to read ” ＝> He asked me what I wanted to read. He said, “Where is Mr. Wang ” ＝>He asked where Mr. Wang was.4)引语是祈使句: 主语+ask／tell/ order sb. (not) to do sth He said, “Open the door, John!” ＝>He asked John to open the door. He said, “D ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on't talk in class!” ＝> He ordered us not to talk in class.注意：如果直接引语人称是第三人称，转换为间接引语时人称不变； 如果直接引语人称是第二人称，转换为间接引语时人称变为第一人称；如果直接引语人称是第一人称，转换为间接引语时人称变为第三人称；例题精讲：1.He said tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t he _______ to teach kids in the orphanage(孤儿院) after he graduated from school.A.will volunteer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B.would volunteer C.has volunteered D.is volunteering 答案【B】，考察宾语从句时态，主过从过。2.We brought a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )new flat last week, but we haven't decided _______ to decorate it.(虹口)A.which B.what C.how D.why答案【C】，考察宾语从句连接词，根据句意，缺方式状语，所以选how3. The manager asked Tom____________.（嘉定）A) why he couldn't attend the lectureB) why couldn't he attend the lectureC)why he can't attend the lectureD) why can't he attend the lecture答案【A】，考察宾语从句时态和语序，陈述语序，主过从过。4.We wondered if Judy ________ to Australia next week for business.A. flies B. had flown C. has flown D. would fly答案【D】，考察宾语从句时态，主过从过，一般将来时变为对应的过去将来时。5.The road sign shows us_________________.【A】how can we get to the International Meeting Center【B】which road leads to the International Meeting Center【C】where is the International Meeting Center【D】what can we do in the International Meeting Center答案【B】，考察宾语从句语序，当连接词在从句中当主语的时候，从句为疑问语序6.--Excuse me, co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uld you please tell me if the sports meeting_______on time --It’s hard to s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay. If it rains tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off.is held B. will be held C. has been held D. was held答案：【B】此句if引导的是宾语从句，根据句意运动会能否按时举行，意指将要举行【知识梳理1】 宾语从句的定义 定义：宾语从句，顾名思义，是一个用作宾语的句子。包括动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。例如： 做动词的宾语 Tell your son that watching TV too much is bad for his eyes. 告诉你儿子，看电视太多不好。 做介词的宾语 It all depends on weather it will be fine tomorrow. 所有一切都取决于明天的天气是否晴朗。 做系表结构的宾语 I am sure that he will come soon. 我确信他很快就会来。 【知识梳理2】宾语从句的语序和连接词的用法第一关：语序关 宾语从句必须用陈述句语序： 主语十谓语+宾语从句(从句由“连接词+陈述句”构成 1．Do you know where Tom is working now 第二关：时态关：（询问学生学过的时态口诀，然后分别给出例子让学生判断属于哪种时态，然后拓展过去完成时，先给出例子）(主现从不限,主过从过,主过从现）1. （主现从不限）Eg1. I want to know what he will do the day after tomorrow.Eg2. Do you know how he went to Beijing Eg3. I believe that yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u have done your best and that things will get better.2.（主过从过）Eg4. Lucy said that Lily was listening to the music.（过去进行时）Eg5. Lucy said that Lily would go home.（过去将来时）Eg6. Lucy said that Lily got up at five.（一般过去时）Eg7. Lucy said that Lily had never been to Guangzhou.（过去完成时）拓展3.（主过从现）Eg8. He said that the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Yellow River is the second longest river in China.（主过从现,宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句是用什么时态，从句时态习惯上都用一般现在时）4. 情态动词could / would用于“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句约束。Eg9. Excuse me, could you tell me when _D_the new Olympic Center A. are we visite ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d B. will we visit C. we are visited D. we will visit第三关：引导词关宾语从句的连接词分为三类：引导陈述句用that（在口语或非正式文体中常常省略）。（给出简单句让学生改写）Eg1. “Mr Wang teaches us English.”He says.He says that Mr Wang teaches them English. Eg2. “I am hungry.”Amy said.Amy said that she was hungry.（注意人称和时态的转换）特殊情况：What’s wrong with you What’s the matter with you Which is the way to some place Who is singing？引导一般疑问句用if或whether。Eg3. Do you have a TV set The man asked. The man asked if we had a TV set.那么if和whether的区别是什么呢？你能不能说一下？（学生说完知识点并举例子，老师总结）注意：下列几种情况通常使用whether：（让学生举例子）（1）在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether；eg. I don’t know whether or not they will come for our help.在介词之后用whether；eg. I’m not interested in whether you will come or not.在不定式前用whether等。eg. I can’t decide whether to stay.总结：只用whether不用if的情况引导介词后的宾语从句时eg：It depends on whether it will snow tomorrow.与or not连用时eg：I ask your secretary whether she could come or not.与不定式连接eg：I really don't know whether to accept or refuse.④宾语从句前置，置于句首时eg:Whether they can come here on time,we don’t know.那么，单独的if的用法呢？ if 既可以引导宾语从句， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if 引导宾语从句时，意思为“是否”，此时它的时态根据具体情况而定。if引导状语从句时，意思为“如果”，此时如果主句是一般将来时，从句部分则用一般现在时。（举两个例子让学生判断哪个是宾语从句，哪个是状语从句）Eg. The man asked if we had a TV set.Eg. If it rains tomorrow,we won’t have a picnic .引导特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词。疑问代词who，which，wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t，whose，whom以及疑问副词when，where，how，why均引导宾语从句，但一定要注意用陈述句语序。1) who/whom: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“who／whom+陈述句”) Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for 你知道他们在等谁吗？2) who: 主语+谓语十宾语从句("who构成的陈述句 I know who is crying over there．我知道谁在那里哭。3) which: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“which.+陈述句”) Please tell ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me which bus I'll take to go to that hotel．请告诉我坐哪一路车去那家旅馆。4) what: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“what+陈述句”) Through exam ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ination we can learn what we did not know．通过考试，我们可以了解到什么我们还不知道。 You must be responsible for what you have done．你必须对所做的事情负责。 Do you know what film he wants to see.你知道他要看什么电影吗？5) when: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“when+陈述句”) Do you know when we shall have an English exam 你知道我们何时举行英语考试吗？6) where: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“where+陈述句”) Can you tell me where your father has gone 你能告诉我你父亲去哪里了吗？7) how: 主语+谓语+宾语从句(“how十陈述句”) I asked how he was getting on．我问他近况如何。重点：特殊疑问词+不定式I don’t know what I should do with the letter. （改为简单句）（年山东烟台）I don’t know what _____to__ __do___ with the letter.(考试的时候有可能发过来出题)拓展：1、否定转移 当宾语从句表示否 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )定的意义时，若主句主语为第一人称I,we且谓语动词是think / believe / suppose / expect/guess等时，其后的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。（前否且主句主语是第一人称时，以宾语从句回答）eg. I don’t think he can run faster than Tom.反义疑问句eg. I don’t think h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e can run faster than Tom,can he （主句为第一人称时，反义疑问句看宾语从句）eg. He doesn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t believe that Lily can run faster than Tom,does he （主句为第三人称时，反义疑问句部分看主句）eg. John told ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you that there wasn’t anyone in the room at that time,didn’t he Eg. Mrs.Black ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )doesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital camera,does he （主句主语为第三人称，以主句进行回答；且前否后肯时，变否定为肯定再进行回答。）【知识梳理3】宾语从句用法1．直接引语转换成间接引语：1)引语是陈述句: 主语+said, “陈述句” ＝> 主语+said+(that)+陈述句 直接引语：He said, “I'm very glad.” 间接引语：He said (that) he was very glad.2)引语是一般疑问句: 主语+asked, “一般疑问句 ＝> 主语+asked+ whether/if+陈述句 直接引语：He asked, “Are you very busy these days ” 间接引语：He asked me whether／was very busy those days. 直接引语：He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John ” 间接引语：He asked whether John could go that afternoon.3)引语是特殊疑问句: 主语asked, “特殊疑问句” ＝> 主语+asked+疑问词+陈述句 He said, “When d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o you want to leave ” ＝> He asked me when I wanted to leave. He said, “What do y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou want to read ” ＝> He asked me what I wanted to read. He said, “Where is Mr. Wang ” ＝>He asked where Mr. Wang was.4)引语是祈使句: 主语+ask／tell/ order sb. (not) to do sth He said, “Open the door, John!” ＝>He asked John to open the door. He said, “Don't ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )talk in class!” ＝> He ordered us not to talk in class.注意：如果直接引语人称是第三人称，转换为间接引语时人称不变； 如果直接引语人称是第二人称，转换为间接引语时人称变为第一人称；如果直接引语人称是第一人称，转换为间接引语时人称变为第三人称；例题精讲：1.He said th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at he _______ to teach kids in the orphanage(孤儿院) after he graduated from school.A.will volunteer B.w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ould volunteer C.has volunteered D.is volunteering 答案【B】，考察宾语从句时态，主过从过。2.We brought a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )new flat last week, but we haven't decided _______ to decorate it.(虹口)A.which B.what C.how D.why答案【C】，考察宾语从句连接词，根据句意，缺方式状语，所以选how3. The manager asked Tom____________.（嘉定）A) why he couldn't attend the lectureB) why couldn't he attend the lectureC)why he can't attend the lectureD) why can't he attend the lecture答案【A】，考察宾语从句时态和语序，陈述语序，主过从过。4.We wondered if Judy ________ to Australia next week for business.A. flies B. had flown C. has flown D. would fly答案【D】，考察宾语从句时态，主过从过，一般将来时变为对应的过去将来时。5.The road sign shows us_________________.【A】how can we get to the International Meeting Center【B】which road leads to the International Meeting Center【C】where is the International Meeting Center【D】what can we do in the International Meeting Center答案【B】，考察宾语从句语序，当连接词在从句中当主语的时候，从句为疑问语序6.--Excuse me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), could you please tell me if the sports meeting_______on time --It’s hard to say ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). If it rains tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off.is held B. will be held C. has been held D. was held答案：【B】此句if引导的是宾语从句，根据句意运动会能否按时举行，意指将要举行状语从句考点回顾【知识点一】连词1. 连词的概念?连词是一种在句子与句子之间，短 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语之间以及名词等其他词语之间起连接作用的虚词，它不能单独作句子的成份。按其意义可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词连接的双方是对等的。2. 连词的分类常有的1、并列连词：and, bo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th…and, either…or, neither…nor， not only…but also, as well as等。2、表转折的并列连词：but, however, while (而)，only (只不过)。3、表选择的并列连词，or, or else, otherwise… 4、表因果的连词：for, so, therefore (因此)，then等。?5、从属连词：that, if, whether,（初中主要用来连接宾语从句，其次用来连接状语从句。）6、时间状语从句，常用的连接词有：w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hen while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till 7、连接条件状语的连词有：if, unless, as long as 等，8、而原因状语的连接词有because, since, as, now that (既然)。9、目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )连接词有：so that, so…that, such…that, as…as, than, where… 它们在句子与文章中几乎无处不见。?我们通过一些例句来分析一下连词的功用。3.重点连词辨析1、 because、as、since、for的用法：because表示原因的语气最强,常表示必然的因果关系,从句一般放在主句后面；另外,回答why的问句只能用because. as表示一般的因果关系,语气比because弱,说明比较明显的原因,它引导的从句可以放在句首也可以放在句尾。since(既然)表示对方已经知道、无需加以说明的原因或事实。for(因为)是并列连词,语气较弱,用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释。如：He is not at school ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )today because he is seriously ill./ As all of you have got here, now, let’s go to the zoo./ I will ask Lin Tao to go with me since you are very busy. / We must be off now for the match starts at 7：00. 2、 if、whether的区别：表示“是否”时,if和whether同义,引 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )导宾语从句,另外,whether还可以引导主语从句、表语从句(以及同位语从句)等名词性从句或者让步状语从句；而if还可以表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句,(主句与从句遵循主将从现的原则)。如：I don’t know if/w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hether he will arrive on time.（我不知道他是不是会按时到达）/ I will ring you up if he arrives on time.（如果他按时到达我会给你打电话的） 下列情况只能用whether不能用if：引导主语从句, 如：Whether it is a fine day next Sunday is still a question. ②引导从句作介词宾语③引导不定式短语, / P ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lease ask him whether to go there with a raincoat or not. (作动词的宾语) /④引导让步状语从句, H ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ainan is the place to be, whether it’s summer or winter. (引导让步状语从句)/⑤在动词discuss之后⑥在wonder / not sure之后3、 while、when、as的用法区别：1）while常表示一个较长的动作,它引导的从句动作与主句的动作是同时发生的、是平行的；Please do not trouble me while I am writing my homework. /2）when可以表示较短的动作也可以表示较长的动作,主句和从句的动作可以同时发生也可以先后发生；I’ll go home when I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have finished my job. / They were running quickly across the road when they heard the sound of a truck coming3）as与上两词同义,可替换while和when, 表示主句和从句的动作同时发生,常译为“一边……一边……”。. As we walked in the dark street, we sang songs and talked loudly. 4、 till/until与not…till/until的区别：1）前者表示一个延续性的动作,后者表示一个才开始的动作。如：I will stay h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere and watch the baby until you return. (stay这个动作一直进行到你return) / 2）They won’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) go on working until they get what they think is reasonable.另外till与until基本可以互换,但是在句首时只能用until,不能用till. 如：Until the last minute of the match we kept playing. Not until he had finished his work did he go home.（倒装句）5、 though与although的区别：两个词都表示“虽然”,均不可以与but同时使用,但在句中可加still或yet连用。although“尽管、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )虽然”仅作连词,比较正式,一般可以换为though； though“虽然、尽管、即使”,还可以与even连用(=even if),表示“即使、纵然”,作副词时意思是“然而、不过”,不能放在句首。如：He passed the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )exams although illness prevented him from going to classes./ she won’t leave the TV set,even though her husband is waiting for her for the supper./ It was a quiet party. I had a good time, though.6、 prefer to…rather than…与prefer…to…的区别：prefer to…rather than…后面都是用动词原形,prefer…to…都是用动名词或名词。如：I prefer E ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nglish to Japanese. / I prefer to learn English rather than learn Japanese. 【例题1】Martin wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s asked to finish his homework in time, _______ his parents would punish him.（青浦一模）A) so B) for C) but D) or【正确答案】D【题目解析】并列连词考点，or解释为否则【例题2】 The two co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )untries should have a talk to prevent the war ________ it is too late.（黄浦一模） A. before B. since C. if D. when【正确答案】A 【题目解析】考察连词，根据句意，在太晚之前就应该谈论阻止战争。【例题3】Jimmy set ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out early for the airport, ______ he wouldn’t catch the plane.（静安一模） A. and B. then C. so D. or【正确答案】D【题目解析】考察连词。And表示和，then表示然后，so表示所以，or表示否则。吉米很早就出发去了机场，否则他赶不上飞机。【例题4】Big TVs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) aren’t popular today______most people watch shows on their phones.（杨浦一模）A) even if B)so that C) because D) as long as【正确答案】C【题目解析】考查连词的用法，由题中知表因果关系，故为C【例题5】Peter knew the s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )olution to the maths problem, ______ he was too shy to answer it.（年崇明一模）A. and B. or C. but D. so【正确答案】C【题目解析】考察并列连词。句意是虽然彼得知道数学问题的答案，但是他太害羞了以至于不能回答。【例题6】 It is ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rd to review the knowledge we learn in class we take notes（普陀一模）.A. if B. unless C. when D. after【正确答案】B【题目解析】连词考察，根据句意：很难去复习课上所学的知识，除非我们记笔记。除非unless一、状语从句的概念 用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。二、状语从句的分类根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句， 原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。三、状语从句的句法功能1. 时间状语从句（主句将来时从句现在时）1)时间状语从句常用when, as, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如：It was raining hard when got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.易混引导词while, when的区别： when既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用，也可以指"时间段"，与延续性动词连用（=while）。While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。练习：用while或when填空1. Please don't talk so loud ______ others are working.(when/while)2. ______ he came in, his mother was cooking.(when)3. ______ we were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) at school, we went to the library every day.(when/while)2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。练习：1. I’ll ring you up as soon as I ______（get） to New York.(get)2 .I will tell him everything when he ______ (come) back.(comes)3. He won’t belie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve it until he ______ (see) it with his own eyes. (sees) 结论: 主将从现的原则3)在带有till或un ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )til引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：（注意粗体单词）The young man read till the light went out.Let’s wait until the rain stops.We won’t start until Bob comes.Don’t get off until the bus stops.2. 条件状语从句（主句用将来时从句用现在时）1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。练习： I’ll help you with your English if I ______(be) free tomorrow. (am)2. He ______(not) be late unless he is ill.(won’t)3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or （其中文意思是什么）you’ll be late.=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.3. 原因状语从句1)原因状语从句通常由because, since（因为）, as（因为）引导。例如：He didn’t come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.2)because表示直接原因，语气最 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：------Why aren’t going there ------Because I don’t want to.As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。4. 结果状语从句1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。练习：1. He is ______ poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son. （A） A． so B. such C. much D .too 2. She is ______good teacher that everybody likes her. (A) A .such a B. so a C. a so D .a such 2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如：在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”例如：He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.在由such…that引导的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。练习：（选出划线部分的近义选项）It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again. A so wonderful a film B so a wonderful filmIt is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.A so an important matc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h B an so important match C so important a match (3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。练习：Soon there were __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )____ many deer that they ate up all the wild roses. （A） A so B such C much 5. 比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导。例如：Tom runs faster than John does.This classroom is as big as that one.6. 目的状语从句1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that引导。例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.2)so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)7. 让步状语从句1)让步状语从句通常由althou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gh, though，even though，even if，no matter，however等连词引导。例如：1.Though he is young, he knows a lot.2. Although／Thoug ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h／Even though／Even if you don’t like him you can still be polite．尽管／即使／纵然／即使你不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )喜欢他，你仍可有礼貌一些。
3. No matter what you do(Whatever your do)，don’t touch this switch．无论怎样，都别碰这个按钮。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )4. However rich people are(=No matter how rich people are )，they always seem anxious to make more money．无论人们多么富有，他们似乎总还渴望赚到更 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )多的钱。
5. However carefully you drive，you will probably have an accident eventually．无论你开车多小心，最后你大概还会出 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )车祸。
6. Whatever you do，don’t tell him that I told you this．无论如何，别跟他说这件事是我告诉你的。2)although(though)和but不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应该说：Though it was rain ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing hard, he still went out. 或 It was raining hard, but he still went out.8. 地点状语从句 地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如： Go where you like. Where there is a will, there is a way.【例题1】 Jerry lost h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is way in the field, ________ the ground was covered with thick snow.（黄浦一模） A. or B. for C. but D. so【正确答案】B【题目解析】for 是并列连词，放在句中，翻译成因为。【例题2】The resta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )urant is very popular ____ it offers a wide variety of delicious food at low prices.（静安一模） A. although B. because C. before D. until【正确答案】B【题目解析】考察连词。A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lthough表示虽然，because表示因为，before表示在...之前，until表示直到。这个餐馆很受欢迎是因为它提供各种各样低价的食物。【例题3】 _____ you know ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )how harmful smoking is , you’d better get rid of it immediately.（年崇明一模）A. Unless B. Since C. Although D. Until【正确答案】B【题目解析】考察连词，状语从句。句意是既然你知道吸烟多么有害，那么你最好赶快戒了。【例题4】 The Tr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ojan War continued for several hours ___________ darkness came.（松江一模） A.as soon as B.if C.since D.until 【正确答案】D【题目解析】33.考察连词，看句意可知，一直持续直到天黑，选择D。（此题为难题，需要学生理解）【例题5】Don't forget the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) user name and password________you won't be able to sign（杨浦一模）A)or B)but C) and D. So【正确答案】A【题目解析】考查连词的用法，根据意思可知是转折的关系，所以选A.【例题6】 ______ the old w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atch doesn’t work, my grandpa still keeps it as a treasure.（青浦一模）A) Since B) Although C) Because D) Unless【正确答案】B【题目解析】连词考点，根据句意表示转折。36.Daily home ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )work is necessary,________too much of it may bring harm to students.A）so B)for C)but D)or答案【C】考察连词，前后句是转折关系，选but40.The Italia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n woman didn’t feel a culture shock____ it was her first time to Shanghai.A）though B) since C)if D)when答案【A】考察连词：让步状语从句用though引导，表示虽然41.It is reported t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat the ticket prices for key tourist sites in our country ______ soon.A）have reduced B）were reducedC) have reduced D)will be reduced 答案【D】考察时态：前面reported，后面soon，时态用过去将来时35. Martin didn't ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cat up all the food he ordered.,______he took the rest away.A) for B)or C)as D)so答案【D】考查连词的含义，根据句意，选so43. You will see a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lot of ancient buildings there______you go to that famous small town.A)because B)though C)if D)since答案【C】根据题意，应为if引导的条件状语从句，主将从现。39. ________the job was very hard and tiring for him in the beginning , he didn’t give up.A) Before B) Although C) Unless D) If答案【B】考查连词，结合句子的翻译能选出答案；在”在开始的时候，虽然这个工作又难又累，但是他没有放弃。41. My brother ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was so careless that he forgot _______his passport to the airport.A) take B) taking C) to take D) taken答案【C】考查动词forget的用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法，forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事， forget doing ,忘记曾经做过的事情，在这里是我的哥哥如此的粗心，以至于他忘记要带他的护照去机场。32. Though it was v ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ery dangerous,______hesitated when entering the burning lab.A)everybody B)nobody C)anybody D)somebody答案：B; 出现though, 让步状从，尽管很危险，没有人犹豫40. We will have to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cancel the baseball match _____the weather improves.A)unless B)because C)has soon as D)if答案：A; 考察条件状语从句，如果天气没有改善，就要取消比赛37. The village ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s didn’t realize how serious the pollution was________all the fish died in the river. A) if B)because C) as D)until答案：D; 考查连词，据句意,”直到...才”38. The theat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re will have to close______ the government gives it some extra money.A)unless B)since C)if D)so that【正确答案】A【题目分析】考查条件状语从句的连接词，unless是“除非”相当于“if ... not... ”35.The compan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y didn’t stop improving this new machine ____ it worked well.A) if B)unless C)until D)after【正确答案】C【题目分析】考查连词，固定搭配not...until 直到...才41. Betty didn't not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ice the mistake she made at all _______she read the article again carefully.After B)when C) as soon as D) until【正确答案】D【题目分析】考查连词，固定搭配not...until( ) 34. You ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’ll certainly arrive at your destination（目的地）_________ you stop walking.A) unless B) if C) because D) although【正确答案】A【题目分析】考查连词，从句为主句的条件，unless表示除非，符合句意。John didn’t stop writing______ he was too old to hold the pen.until B. since C. after D. while【正确答案】A【题目分析】考查not...until...直到...才,固定结构The traffic in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Shanghai will become better if everyone______the traffic rules.will obey B.is obeying C. obey D. obeys【正确答案】D【题目分析】考查if引导的从句和主句遵循主将从现40. _____ we change the way we travel, we will have serious environmental problems.A)Although ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B) Unless C)Because D)Until【正确答案】B【题目分析】考查连词，unless引导条件状语从句，符合句意，符合主将从现。42. Your mother ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )will be happier________you can help with the housework when you have time.A)if B)until C)where D)unless【正确答案】A【题目分析】考查连词，主从句时态为主将从现，可知需要if/unless, 通过句意分析可知应用if33. 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Overhead walkways connect the rooms to one another and a central dining room. From their rooms among the treetops, guests can see beautiful birds and flowers, And after having a delicious meal in the restaurant, they ca enjoy sailing on the river. If you would like ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to experience the coldness of winter, Canada's Hotel de Glace could be the great favourite. It is built each year by using nearly 7000 kilograms of snow and 300 kilograms of ice. It has over 30 guest rooms. Nearly all of the furniture is made of ice. Inside the hotel, it's always -3℃ to-5℃Only the bathrooms are heated. The hotel is only open during the coldest months of the year and accepts booking over the Internet. 59. According to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) passage, the hotels in _______are located below the surface of the earth.A) Sweden and Japan B) Sweden and BrazilC) Brazil and Canada D) Japan and Canada60. 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What can be f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )illed in the blank in Paragraph 3 (No more than 15 words)Part 3 Reading and Writing VI. 阅读理解 AA59A60B61C62B63D64AB65B66D67A68C69C70BC改编自年浙江中考71impression根据文意，文章的主要内容是如何留下一个好的第一印象。72purpose根据文意，下文举了交朋友、竞选班长两个例子，是两种不同的会面目的。73confident根据文意，竞选班长的时候，需要表现出自信的一面。74smiling根据文意，下文提到了 friendly, comfortable两个关键词，以及要确保牙 齿干净，说明本段在老了笑容对第一印象的重要性。75relaxed根据文意，如果你不交叉手皆，会看上去比较镇静和放松。76affect根据文意，如果你的身体气味难闻，会让人们远离你。说明气味会影响别 人对你的看法。77properly根据文意，去参加生日聚会还是运动会需要不同的着装，说明恰当地穿衣 很重要。D 自年北京高考78Yes, he was.1段1-2行79His decision was to go ahead.1段2-3行80When he was seven in his first P.E. class.2段1-2行81His wife waved a sign.8段1行82He finished and got a medal.9段1行83ii was about the spirit of never giving up.（开放性问题,答案合理即可，注意 不要超过15词）3段2行温故知新Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary（第二部分 语音、语法和词汇）II. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共 15 分）21. Which of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation A. value B. transport C. disabled D. matter22. Be sure to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ake your teacher's advice. Then you will make ___________progress. A. a B. an C. the D. /23. __________ my opinion, this is Richard's greatest work of the year. A. In B. On C. At D. For24. Luckily, Michael ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was very soon offered _______ job after he left that company.A. other B. another C. the other D. others25. We have to stop fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r a rest, _________ we may turn into working machines.A. but B. so C. or D. and26. __________ excellent team leader Lu is!A. What a B. What an C. What D. How27. Both John and his brother denied ____________ the bookshelves.A. messing B. to mess C. mess D. messed28. ________quiet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and sit down. The teacher will tell us some important things.A. Kept B. To keep C. Keeping D. Keep29. 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A. can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn'plete the fol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lowing passages with the words in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词填入空格。每空限填一词, 每词只能填一次） （共8分）A. prevent B. exercise C. avoid D. further E. awareGet tired easily Ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s a doctor said he can't find anything wrong with you You might be in an unhealthy state between health and disease. Doctors often tell you to be 36 of the importance of forming good living habits. It is the key to_37_ you from being unhealthy. You need to rest, _38_ and take part in open air activities. They also say a balanced diet is helpful to 39 being unhealthy. Besides, you need to stay in a good mood. Always think about your goals in life and how happy you are when you complete them. A. rarely B. audience C. steps D. seriously E. loudlyMost of us ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e afraid of making a speech in public and don't do a good job, Her some simple _40_ to help you make it a great one. 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The___________ of that bridge is over 200 metres (long)49. Because ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of her busy schedule, it is for her to spend much time traveling, （possible）50. My sister f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elt so sad to find that it was ____________to clean her favourite T-shirt.（hope）51. Wendy's father he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lped her ____________anew way of doing business. （invention）V. Complete t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he following sentences as required（根据所给要求完成句子。52-57小题每空格限填一词）（共14分）52. Mr. Wang ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) told his students many things about traditional skills. （改为一般疑问句）_________ his stude ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts ___________ many things about traditional skill53. He's worked in this bank for about 20years. （对划线部分提问）___________ _____________ has he worked in this bank 54. 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总结：
① so +形容词或者副词+that…
② such +(形容词)+可数名词或者不可数名词 + that
③ such +a/an +形容词+可数名词单数
= so+形容词 +a/an +可数名词单数
④so + little/ many/much/ few +名词
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备战2022年上海市初三英语一模（期末）冲刺讲义第六讲 宾语从句及状语从句考点回顾+最新真题训练（学生版）
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进门小练笔中考易错易混词辨析 repeat/refuse/reduce/requireroughrecognizestrange/strongrunreference四分之一rightresource接受studyretired直的（adj/adv）stickspare敲；打storesuffer解决stepsurvey零食，小吃stateThose who can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )plan their time well are more likely to a________ success.The detectives are busy i________ the puzzling case at the moment.You can i________ your listening skill by watching English programmes every day.After the terrible ear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thquake, it is helpful to donate money to the c________ to help people in trouble.In g________, western teachers give students more independence.If you are c________ about the teacher’s explanation, don’t be afraid to ask.The story is b________ on a real story, so it is quite moving.The theatre will close unless some e________ money is found.There is nothing more s________ than doing the work you love.Hearing the noisy mu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sic, all the students ran in the d________ to the playground.That’s only my p________ opinion. Everyone is welcome to share yours.With our help han ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ds and warm hearts, the cold world will be much warmer. One positive change may make a d________. We should keep in mind.精讲精练宾语从句考点回顾例题精讲：1.He said that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) he _______ to teach kids in the orphanage(孤儿院) after he graduated from school.A.will volun ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )teer B.would volunteer C.has volunteered D.is volunteering 2.We brought a new f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lat last week, but we haven't decided _______ to decorate it.(虹口)A.which B.what C.how D.why3. The manager asked Tom____________.（嘉定）A) why he couldn't attend the lectureB) why couldn't he attend the lectureC)why he can't attend the lectureD) why can't he attend the lecture4.We wondered if Judy ________ to Australia next week for business.A. flies B. had flown C. has flown D. would fly5.The road sign shows us_________________.【A】how can we get to the International Meeting Center【B】which road leads to the International Meeting Center【C】where is the International Meeting Center【D】what can we do in the International Meeting Center6.--Excuse me, could ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you please tell me if the sports meeting_______on time --It’s hard to sa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y. If it rains tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off.is held B. will be held C. has been held D. was held1.He said that h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e _______ to teach kids in the orphanage(孤儿院) after he graduated from school.A.will volunte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er B.would volunteer C.has volunteered D.is volunteering 2.We brought a new ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )flat last week, but we haven't decided _______ to decorate it.(虹口)A.which B.what C.how D.why3. The manager asked Tom____________.（嘉定）A) why he couldn't attend the lectureB) why couldn't he attend the lectureC)why he can't attend the lectureD) why can't he attend the lecture4.We wondered if Judy ________ to Australia next week for business.A. flies B. had flown C. has flown D. would fly5.The road sign shows us_________________.【A】how can we get to the International Meeting Center【B】which road leads to the International Meeting Center【C】where is the International Meeting Center【D】what can we do in the International Meeting Center6.--Excuse me, could ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you please tell me if the sports meeting_______on time --It’s hard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to say. If it rains tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off.is held B. will be held C. has been held D. was held状语从句考点回顾连词考点巩固：【例题1】Martin was ask ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed to finish his homework in time, _______ his parents would punish him.（青浦一模）A) so B) for C) but D) or【例题2】 The two co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )untries should have a talk to prevent the war ________ it is too late.（黄浦一模） A. before B. since C. if D. when【例题3】Jimmy se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t out early for the airport, ______ he wouldn’t catch the plane.（静安一模） A. and B. then C. so D. or【例题4】Big TVs aren’t po ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pular today______most people watch shows on their phones.（杨浦一模）A) even if B)so that C) because D) as long as【例题5】Peter kne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w the solution to the maths problem, ______ he was too shy to answer it.（崇明一模）A. and B. or C. but D. so【例题6】 It is hard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to review the knowledge we learn in class we take notes（普陀一模）.A. if B. unless C. when D. after状从考点巩固：【例题1】 Jerry lost his w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay in the field, ________ the ground was covered with thick snow.（黄浦一模） A. or B. for C. but D. so【例题2】The restauran ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t is very popular ____ it offers a wide variety of delicious food at low prices.（静安一模） A. although B. because C. before D. until【例题3】 _____ you know how harmful smoking is , you’d better get rid of it immediately.（崇明一模）A. Unless B. Since C. Although D. Until【例题4】 The Tro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )jan War continued for several hours ___________ darkness came.（松江一模） A.as soon as B.if C.since D.until 【例题5】Don't forge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the user name and password________you won't be able to sign（杨浦一模）A)or B)but C) and D. So【例题6】 ______ the old w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atch doesn’t work, my grandpa still keeps it as a treasure.（青浦一模）A) Since B) Although C) Because D) Unless36.Daily homewor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k is necessary,________too much of it may bring harm to students.A）so B)for C)but D)or40.The Italian wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man didn’t feel a culture shock____ it was her first time to Shanghai.A）though B) since C)if D)when41.It is reported tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the ticket prices for key tourist sites in our country ______ soon.A）have reduced B）were reducedC) have reduced D)will be reduced 35. Martin didn't ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cat up all the food he ordered.,______he took the rest away.A) for B)or C)as D)so43. You will see a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) lot of ancient buildings there______you go to that famous small town.A)because B)though C)if D)since39. ________the job was very hard and tiring for him in the beginning , he didn’t give up.A) Before B) Although C) Unless D) If41. My brother was so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )careless that he forgot _______his passport to the airport.A) take B) taking C) to take D) taken32. Though it was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )very dangerous,______hesitated when entering the burning lab.A)everybody B)nobody C)anybody D)somebody40. We will have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to cancel the baseball match _____the weather improves.A)unless B)because C)has soon as D)if37. The vill ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ages didn’t realize how serious the pollution was________all the fish died in the river. A) if B)because C) as D)until38. The theatre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )will have to close______ the government gives it some extra money.A)unless B)since C)if D)so that35.The company di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dn’t stop improving this new machine ____ it worked well.A) if B)unless C)until D)after41. Betty didn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'t notice the mistake she made at all _______she read the article again carefully.After B)when C) as soon as D) until ( ) 34. You’ll cer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tainly arrive at your destination（目的地）_________ you stop walking.A) unless B) if C) because D) althoughJohn didn’t stop writing______ he was too old to hold the pen.until B. since C. after D. whileThe traffic in Sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anghai will become better if everyone______the traffic rules.will obey B.is obeying C. obey D. obeys40. _____ we change ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the way we travel, we will have serious environmental problems.A)Although B) Unless C)Because D)Until42. Your mother wil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l be happier________you can help with the housework when you have time.A)if B)until C)where D)unless33. I don’t f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eel lonely ________ I make an effort to make friends with people.A. while B. because C. before D. unlessYou’d better take t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he GPS with you during the trip ______ you won’t get lost.A.as soon as B. so that C. as well as D. now that35. The compan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y didn’t stop improving this new machine ________ it worked well.A. if B. unless C. until D. after当堂检测Part 3 Reading and Writing （第三部分 读写）VI. Reading Comprehension （阅读理解）（共 50 分）A. Choose the best answer（根据文章内容, 选择最恰当的答案）（12 分） What kind of ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tel do you look for when you are on holiday Someone may want a comfortable bed, enjoyable facilities or a convenient place to get close to transportation. The following hotels may offer a stay you won't g. on forget if you want something out of the ordinary. If you are truly brave, you can spend the night in the world's deepest bedroom in a hotel called Silvermine in Sweden. After a guided tour of the mine（矿井）1ocated 155 metres underground, you're left alone with a basket of fresh food. In the morning, the guide returns with a delicious breakfast before you return to ground level. If you are fond ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the ocean, the Poseidon Undersea Resort in Japan would be your choice. It is close to one of Fiji's rivers. I boasts the world's first seafloor rooms 12 meters below the surface of the ocean. By day, people enjoy golf, tennis and all kinds of water sports or learn to pilot a three-passenger submarine （潜水艇）to explore the depth of the ocean. If you love nature, t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hen consider a stay at the Ariau Towers Hotel. I's in rainforest beside Brazil Negro River（内格罗河）and has rooms built in the air 30meters above the ground. Overhead walkways connect the rooms to one another and a central dining room. From their rooms among the treetops, guests can see beautiful birds and flowers, And after having a delicious meal in the restaurant, they ca enjoy sailing on the river. If you would like to e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xperience the coldness of winter, Canada's Hotel de Glace could be the great favourite. It is built each year by using nearly 7000 kilograms of snow and 300 kilograms of ice. It has over 30 guest rooms. Nearly all of the furniture is made of ice. Inside the hotel, it's always -3℃ to-5℃Only the bathrooms are heated. The hotel is only open during the coldest months of the year and accepts booking over the Internet. 59. According ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to the passage, the hotels in _______are located below the surface of the earth.A) Sweden and Japan B) Sweden and BrazilC) Brazil and Canada D) Japan and Canada60. The underlined word boasts in Paragraph 3 means_______________.A) dreams of B) shows off C) is afraid of D) keeps off61. A tourist who has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a fear of height should NOT stay at the hotel in _______________.A) Silvermine in Sweden B) Canada's Hotel de GlaceC) the Ariau Tower ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s Hotel in Brazil D) the Poseidon Undersea Resort in Japan 62. Which of the following is about the hotel in Canada A) It needs a lot of repairs. B) It's not always there. C) It's close t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o transportation. D) It's not allowed to open to public 63. What do the four hotels have in common A) They don't cost much. B)They are friendly to the environment.C) They all need brave guests. D) They are all worth remembering 64. The passa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge is most probably taken from a magazine called _____________.A) Amazing Journeys B) Social StudyC) Frightening Accidents D) Environmental Protection B. Choose the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) best answer and complete the passage （选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（12分） If you live on the st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reets with little food and money, what will you do with a bag filled with snacks and nearly ￡500 in cash in front of you To most people. it would be a source of temptation（诱惑）Something that happened last month has made the actions of the homeless Roy Kaufman out of the ordinary. Roy saw a 65 o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n the front seat inside a parked car with its window down. He stood guard in the rain for along time waiting for the owner to_66 . Because of the coldness, he reached inside and pulled the bag out. He hoped to find some cards with its owner's name or phone numbers so that he could 67_ the driver. But he only discovered it contained some bars of chocolates and ￡435 in notes, with another ￡50 in spare change beside it. He then took it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to a nearby police station after leaving a note behind to let the owner know it was 68 . When the car's owner Mr. Anderson returned to the car, he was shocked to find two policemen standing next to it and he was told what Roy Kaufman did. Mr. Anderson was la ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter able to thank Mr. Smith for his _69_ and said, "I couldn't believe that the man never took a penny. The man has nothing and yet he didn't take the money for himself. He thought about others instead of himself. It's unbelievable. It just proves there are _70_ men out there. "Roy Kaufman's act drew ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) much of the public's attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson posted about the story on Facebook. Now Mr. Ande ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rson has set up an organization to raise money for other homeless people in the area. For Roy Kaufman, this is a possible life-changing chance. The story once again ells us that one good turn deserves another. 65. A) report B) bag C) list D) symbol66. A) apologize B) drop C) investigate D) return67. A) contact B) reward C) refuse D) greet68. A) strange B) lost C) safe D) empty69. A) encouragement B) support C) kindness D) opinion70. A) generous B) honest C) poor D) politeC. Fill in the bl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词, 使其内容通顺, 每空格限填一词, 首字母已给）（14 分）Recently researcher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s in Brown University have found that it only takes a couple of minutes or a man to start making judgments about you when he first meets you. That is why you should follow the following tips on how to create a good i_ 71 . Before you meet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) someone, stat thinking about the p_ 72 _of the meeting. Decide what image （形象）you want to present. For example, if you want to make new friends in some social activities, you will want to be friendly. And if you decide to run for class president, you need to be c_ 73 . It helps you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a lot when you meet someone new if you like s 74 . I shows that you are friendly and makes people around you more comfortable. Please make sure your teeth are clean by brushing them every day. Before you begin s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )peaking, you will be judged on your body language. Therefore, it's important to show trust in yourself by standing up tall and putting your shoulders back. Besides, if you don't cross your arms, you will look calm and r 75 .Your smell can a_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 76_ how other people judge on you. If you have a bad body smell, it will put people off. In short, smell clean and don't put on a lot of scented products. What you wear rea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly matters. While you should look clean and tidy, it's also important to dress p_77_, whether you're going to a birthday party or a sporting event. You should think about what your clothes say about you. D. Answer the questions （根据短文内容回答下列问题）（12分）Allen's First Marathon（马拉松） One of Allen' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s ankles was injured one month before his first time to compete in a marathon. This meant he could not run or train for two weeks. Yet, Allen made up his mind to go ahead. Allen remembers b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ack to his first year in the school. He was only seven at that time. In his first P. E. class, his teacher required them to run laps and then hit a ball He didn't do either well. He was later told that he was "not athletic"-he had no talent in sports. The idea that he wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s not athletic went with him for years. When he started running in his thirties, he realized running marathon was not about competition or whether he was physically strong and active. He thought that. The night before ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) his first marathon, he dreamed that he couldn't even find the finish line. He woke up sweating（冒汗） and nervous, but ready to prove something to himself. Shortly after c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rossing the star line, his shoe laces（鞋带）became untied. So Allen stopped to tie them. Not the start he wanted!At mile 3, Allen passed a sign: "GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!"By mile17, he bec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ame out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. When he felt the pain he tried to slow down and walked a bit and then ran again. As Allen approac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hed mile 25-near the finish line, he saw his wife waving a sign to encourage him. She is Allen's biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 5 a. m. or questioned his money On running, Allen was one o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the final runners to finish. But he finished! And he also got a medal. In fact, he got the same medal as the one that the man who got in first place. Allen made up his min ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d to be himself and moved forward. He can now call himself a real winner. 78. Allen was injured a month before his fist marathon, wasn't he 79. What was Allen's decision after he was injured 80. When did Allen know he was not good at sports 81. Who waved a sign to support Allen near the finish line 82. How was Allen's first marathon 83. What can be f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )illed in the blank in Paragraph 3 (No more than 15 words)温故知新Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary（第二部分 语音、语法和词汇）II. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共 15 分）21. Which of the follo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wing underlined parts is different in pronunciation A. value B. transport C. disabled D. matter22. Be sure to take y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our teacher's advice. Then you will make ___________progress. A. a B. an C. the D. /23. __________ my opinion, this is Richard's greatest work of the year. A. In B. On C. At D. For24. Luckily, M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ichael was very soon offered _______ job after he left that company.A. other B. another C. the other D. others25. We have to stop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for a rest, _________ we may turn into working machines.A. but B. so C. or D. and26. __________ excellent team leader Lu is!A. What a B. What an C. What D. How27. Both John and his brother denied ____________ the bookshelves.A. messing B. to mess C. mess D. messed28. ________quiet and sit down. The teacher will tell us some important things.A. Kept B. To keep C. Keeping D. Keep29. This new seat is _____________ to sit on than the old one.A. comfortable B. mor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e comfortable C. most comfortable D. the most comfortable30. Danny rea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly expected ______________some time to do some reading in the evening.A. have B. had C. to have D. having31. Tina loves sweet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s but her mum doesn't let her _______them very often.A. have B. had C. to have D. having32.___________ any one of you has a question, you may ask after class.A. Although B. Unless C. Until D. If33. Harry's quality of life____________ a lot since the operation.A. improves B. has improved C. was improving D. will improve34. The date of the m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eeting for this project __________________last Friday.A. was fixed B. is fixed C. will be fixed D. has been fixed35. You ______________talk to anyone if you don't want to. A. can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn'plete ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the following passages with the words in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词填入空格。每空限填一词, 每词只能填一次） （共8分）A. prevent B. exercise C. avoid D. further E. awareGet tired easily Has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a doctor said he can't find anything wrong with you You might be in an unhealthy state between health and disease. Doctors often tell you to be 36 of the importance of forming good living habits. It is the key to_37_ you from being unhealthy. You need to rest, _38_ and take part in open air activities. They also say a balanced diet is helpful to 39 being unhealthy. Besides, you need to stay in a good mood. Always think about your goals in life and how happy you are when you complete them. A. rarely B. audience C. steps D. seriously E. loudlyMost of us are afra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id of making a speech in public and don't do a good job, Her some simple _40_ to help you make it a great one. There are some things you need to consider 41 . The first problem is to find out as much as you can about your 42_. Who are they What do they know about the subject of your speech Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare for it. Then try to arrange your material so that what you say will be easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible. Remember to speak slowly and 43 to make everyone hear you clearly. Don't talk over their heads or talk down to them. plete ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the sentences with the given words In their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词）（共8分）44. Ben and L ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ily have one child and they are expecting the_____ one in July 45. Two ____are directing traffic at the crossing. (policewoman)46. Dona woke up and found _____________in a hospital bed(she) 47. Henry has t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ravelled ___________ in Asia and knows a lot about different countries there. (wide) 48. The___________ of that bridge is over 200 metres (long)49. Because of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her busy schedule, it is for her to spend much time traveling, （possible）50. My sister fel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t so sad to find that it was ____________to clean her favourite T-shirt.（hope）51. Wendy's fath ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er helped her ____________anew way of doing business. （invention）V. Complete ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the following sentences as required（根据所给要求完成句子。52-57小题每空格限填一词）（共14分）52. Mr. Wang told ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) his students many things about traditional skills. （改为一般疑问句）_________ his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )students ___________ many things about traditional skill53. He's worked in this bank for about 20years. （对划线部分提问）___________ _____________ has he worked in this bank 54. Jo didn't se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd the mail because something was wrong with his computer. （改为句意基本相同）Jo didn't send th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e mail because his computer ____________ _____________.55. Nowadays, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere are few people writing paper letters to their relatives. （改为反义疑问句） Nowadays, there are few people writing paper letters to their relatives, _________ ___________ 56. "What can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) people do to protect themselves from the virus " the reporter asked the doctor. （改为间接引语）The reporter asked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the doctor __________people______ do to protect themselves from the virus.57. Restauran ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts in Shanghai will se more robots to bring food to customers. （改为被动语态）More robots will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) _________ ___________ to bring food to customers in Shanghai.58. during, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )make phone calls, are allowed to, the break time, they（连词成句）_____________________________________________________________________________
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