备战2022年上海市初三英语一模（期末）冲刺讲义 第七讲 定语从句考点回顾+最新真题训练 （教师版）
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进门小练笔 中考易错易混词辨析 topic/title/tiptraintechnology翻译tired/ triedtypeTuesday/Thursday温度tap/tapeturnturkey裤子test/text大学underlineunit上楼useunited
Careless drivers cause a easily, they are really dangerous. Nowadays, many teachers have got rid of the old-fashioned teaching m . A to the weather forecast ,it will rain tomorrow. Canadian author Alice Munro,82, was a the 2013 Nobel Prize in literature. The lady’s face turned p when she heard the sad news. Use your b ,and you’ll find a way. I’m looking f to your reply, please write back soon. In summer, you can see b flying around the flowers. Students should sometimes step away from their books to take up h or join clubs. I’ll remember my visit to Beijing f , for it was really unforgettable. We shouldn’t be too p of ourselves. Sometimes we can learn from others. It’s just a w of money if you buy something unnecessary. 1 accidents 2 methods 3 According 4 awarded 5 pale 6 brain 7 forward 8 butterflies 9 hobbies 10 forever 11 proud 12 waste 精讲精练 【知识梳理】 定语从句(Relative Clause) 思维导图 概念 限制性定语从句 分类 非限制性定语从句 先行词 定语从句 两要素 关系代词 关系词 关系副词 指物时关系代词that/which区别 重要考点 介词+关系代词 抽象化的时间、地点名词 复习要点： 概念： 定语从句在句中做定语，修饰名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词称作先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。 分类： 定语从句分为限制性定语从句(Restrictive Relative Clause)和非限制性定语从句(Non-restrictive Relative Clause)： （1）限定性定语从句用于对主句先行词加以限制或分类，是句中不可缺少的组成部分，书面上主句和从句之间没有逗号分开。 eg. Would all those who have booked dinner please go to the restaurant now （2）非限制性定语从句用于对主句先行词的补充说明，没有它不影响主句意思的完整，书面上常用逗号把主句和从句分开。 eg. I have two sisters, who are both students. ( 3 ) 试区分以下两句句子的中文含义： a. My brother who is 18 years old, is fond of playing football. b. My brother, who is 18 years old, is fond of playing football. 关系词： 定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）。 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语，定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 eg. An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings. The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略（非限定性定语从句中不可省略）。 eg. I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions. I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion. The suit (which / that ) the tailor made for me doesn’t fit me. 非限定性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that, 关系副词why, 不可用于非限定性定语从句。 （4） 作介词宾语的关系代词 在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词宾语，即介词+关系代词，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。 eg. The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department. Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department. The room in which my family live used to be a garage. 4．只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况： 先行词是： 不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等 eg. All that you have to do is to press the button. 先行词被the only, the very修饰时 eg. This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 先行词被序数词修饰时 eg. This is the second time that I have read this book. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 eg. This is the tallest building that I have ever seen. 先行词既有人，又有物时 eg. They talked for about half an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 在以疑问词who开始的句子中，为避免两个who重复 eg. Who is the man that is shouting there 关系代词在从句中做表语时 eg. The city is no longer the place that it used to be. 修饰表示时间的名词如the day, the time, the moment等 eg. It happened on the day that / when I was born. 5．关系代词as & which (1) 在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词as & which可以修饰前面的整个句子。 eg. She was terrified, which / as I could see from her eyes. 但置于句首的关系代词，通常都是as，不能用which，意为“正如”、“就象”。 eg. As was expected, he passed the exam. (2) such…as...引导定语从句，such…that…引导状语从句 eg. I have never heard such stories as you told me. I have never heard such stories that I am deeply move by them. 【中考范例】1. ---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees ---Yes, he does. A. which B. whose C. where D. who 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。 2. The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important. A. who B. where C. what D. that 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是物，而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以只有that合适。 3. ---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday ---He has gone back to Qinghua University. A. whom B. who C. whose D. which 【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。 4. I hate people _______ talk much but do little. A. whose B. whom C. which D. who 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。 一. 单项填空 1. ---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher ---Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher. A. he B. that C. whom D. which 2. I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where 3. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom 4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which 5. This is the place _____I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which 6. Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting. A. that B. which C. why D. when 7. The moon is a world ______ there is no life. A. that B. which C. where D. why 8. He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived. A. when B. where C. that D. which 9. He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which 10. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which 11. He got to the village _______ his family once lived before liberation. A. that B. which C. when D. where 12. This is the house _______ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where 13. This is the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked. A. which B. that C. when D. where 14. He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born. A. that B. which C. when D. where 15. He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station. A. that B. which C. where D. when 二. 用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句 1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago. ___________________________________________________________ 2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college. ___________________________________________________________ 3. Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square. The foreign visitors live there. ___________________________________________________________ 4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her. ___________________________________________________________ 5. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day. ___________________________________________________________ 6. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us. ___________________________________________________________ 7. The man waved to us. The man was my uncle. ___________________________________________________________ 8. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a book last week. ___________________________________________________________ 9. I prefer the subject. The subject is science. ___________________________________________________________ 10. I spoke to the man. The man is a professor. ___________________________________________________________ 三. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 1. The house _______ we live in is very big. 2. The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 3. This is the present _____ he gave me for my birthday. 4. The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer. 5. He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited. 6. There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten him. 7. She wears a gold ring, _______ is very uncommon in our class. 8. We visited a factory _______ makes toys for children. 9. Is this the place _______ your father once lived 10. I’ll never forget the days _______ I joined the League. 参考答案 一. 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.B 二. 1.The boy who was here a minute ago is my younger brother. 2. The old man who teaches chemistry in a college is a professor. 3. Beijing Hotel where the foreign visitors live is near Tian An Men Square. 4. The woman whom you were talking about is here now. 5. This is the hall where we listened to the report the other day. 6. The car which just passed us was going 90 miles an hour. 7. The man who waved us was my uncle. 8. I enjoyed reading the book you gave me last week. 9. The subject I prefer is science. 10.The man I spoke to is a professor. 三. 1.that/ which 2.who/ that 3.that/ which 4.who/ that 5.that 6.that 7.which 8.which/ that 9.where 10.when 当堂检测 Part 3 Reading and Writing(第三部分 读写) VI. Reading comprehension(阅读理解) (共50分) Choose the best answer(根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) (共12分). Who you are makes a difference A teacher decided to honour her students by telling them the difference they have made. She presented each of them with a blue ribbon with letters that read, “Who I Am Makes a Difference.” Afterwards, the teacher decided to do a class project to see what kind of influence recognition（赞赏） would have on a community. She gave each of the students three more ribbons and instructed them to spread them and follow up on the results, and report back to the class in a week. One boy in the class went to a manager in a company, and honoured him for helping him with his career planning. He gave him a blue ribbon and put it on his shirt. Then he gave him two extra ribbons, and said, “Would you please find somebody to honour, give them a blue ribbon, then give them the extra so they can find a third person.” Later that day, the manager went to see his boss and gave him the gift of the blue ribbon. He told him that he deeply admired him for being a creative genius. His surprised boss accepted it delightedly. The manager placed the blue ribbon right in his boss's jacket above his heart and gave him the last extra ribbon to pass on. That night, the boss went home to his 14-year-old son and told him about his day. “One of the managers gave me an extra ribbon and asked me to find somebody else to honour and I thought about you. I want to honour you,”said the boss. “My days are really hectic and when I come home, I don't pay a lot of attention to you. Sometimes I scream at you for not getting good grades in school and for your bedroom being a mess, but somehow tonight, I just want you to know that you do make a difference to me. You're a great kid, and I love you!” The astonished boy couldn't stop crying. He looked up at his father and said through his tears, “I was planning to run away from home tomorrow, Dad, because I didn't think you loved me. Now I will never do that.” ( ) 59. The teacher decided to do a class project to . A) honour the best one of her students B) present her students with ribbons C) see the influence of recognition D) get the results from the community ( ) 60. According to the teacher, could receive the blue ribbons. A) students who get best marks in a school B) people who get high positions in a company C) children who always keep the bedrooms tidy D) people who have made a difference in your life ( ) 61. The three blue ribbons were passed on to the honoured persons in . A) one night B) one day C) one week D) one month ( ) 62. The correct order of the boy's three ribbons is: . A) The boss - the manager - the son B) The manager - the son- the boss C)The boss - the son - the manager D) The manager - the boss- the son ( ) 63. The underlined word “hectic” in paragraph 5 probably means . A) busy B) boring C) short D) over ( ) 64. After reading the passage, we can infer that it is . A) a research report B) a speech presentation C) a warning story D) an exciting adventure B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文)(12分) When you think of a journalist, do you see a reporter with a pen and paper Writing is one way to tell a story, but some stories are told without (65)__________. Photojournalists are reporters too. They use a camera to capture a story in photographs (66)__________ a pen and paper. You can see their work in the pictures that appear with an article. Pictures help readers visualize the things being described. Photojournalists also create photo essays, which tell a story with photos Alice Aedy is a photojournalist and documentary filmmaker based in London, England. She specializes in stories about social justice and human rights, but she also covers (67)_________issues. Aedy said that she's “passionate about climate change” because of how it affects peoples lives Photojoumalism helps people (68)__________current events by giving context to important moments in history. So photojournalists aren't just photographers. Theyre storytellers. Like other reporters, they need to be on the scene and able to interview people about what's happening Aedy has traveled the world to do her reporting. While working, she spends as much time as she can in the country where a story is taking place and does lots of interviews to get the full story. “I want my photos to build empathy(共鸣),” she says，“and make people care.” Aedy says that photography, like all forms of media, should be viewed “with a (69)________ eye.” Viewers should ask themselves questions like “What is the context of the photo When and where was it taken Was the photo taken with the permission of its subjects Why was it taken ” It's also important for viewers to take time to think about how a photograph makes them (70)__________. “We’re bombarded(轰炸) with images every day, ” Aedy says，“So my hope is that whatever you're looking at, you just truly engage.” 65. A)words B)pens C)pictures D) writers 66. A)in addition to B)instead of C)except for D)because of 67. A)business B)environment C)technology D) entertainment 68.A)watch B)hear C) explain D)understand 69.A)critical B) close C)friendly D)real 70.A)judge B)decide C)feel D) observe C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.(在短文的空格内填入适当的单词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)(14分) National Poetry Month April is National Poetry Month in the US. The idea of the month is to (71)e__________ people to read and share poetry, and to remind people about great poems and poets National Poetry Month was started in the US in 1996 by a group called the Academy of American Poets(AAP). The US is not (72)a__________ in celebrating poetry. In 1999, Canada also decided to use April as National Poetry Month. In the UK, poetry is usually celebrated on a (73)s__________day in October called National Poetry Day. UNESCO, a part of the United Nations, chose March 21 as their Word Poetry Day. The AAP has made a list of ways that people can celebrate poetry during April. Some of the ideas include memorizing poems, writing to poets, starting poetry groups, writing poems in sidewalk chalk and (74)c___________poems in your pocket to share with friends The group is also putting up a new poem every day on their website. The poems are chosen by Tracy K. Smith, who is the US Poet Laureate. The Poet Laureate is the official poet of the US and is chosen by the Librarian of Congress. Ms. Smith holds that poetry can be the(75)l__________ of our normal life, so she’s traveling around the US this year, trying to bring poetry to places where poems are not a big part (76)O_________are joining the AAP in National Poetry Month. A group called “Poetry in America” has created a TV series. In the series, they talk with poets and other well known people about poems in the US. Basketball player Shaquille O'Neal and Singer Bono of U2 are a part of the series. Poetry in America is also offering classes online. In 2012, astronaut Donald Pettit set the record for taking part in National Poetry Month from (77)f__________away. Mr. Petit wrote poems while he was on the International Space Station, and shared them with people back on earth 71.e_______ 72.a_______ 73.s_______ 74.c_______ 75.l_______ 76.O 77. f D. Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（12 分） Special delivery Being a UPS drivers, the holidays are always crazy, and I’m always exhausted by the end of the day, losing my own mood. But on the 24th last year, I went to make my last delivery. When I carried a package up to the home’s doorstep, I found a poster next to a box covered in Christmas paper. The poster read: For our delivery person... Santa loves you! in crooked letters that looked like a child’s writing. I peered into the box, and it was filled with Christmas cookies, all hand-decorated. I glanced over, and through the curtains at the front window, a little girl with a toothy smile gave me a happy wave. My insides melted as I waved back mouthing ‘ ’ two words that couldn’t possibly sum up what her thoughtfulness meant to me. On the way home, I put on my Santa hat, nibbled on the cookies and sang along with the carols on the radio, feeling the true magic of this wonderful time of year! ——Daphne Harris, 47, Madison When small turns out to be big A couple of weeks before Christmas, I loaded up my ear with donations and took them to the thrift store(旧货店). After I returned, I noticed a brand-new pair of fuzzy pink slippers had been left behind. The store was nearly 30 minutes away and I didn’t plan on going back anytime soon, so I threw them in my closet. Besides, they were extra small. So tiny that I doubted any adult women could wear that size. The next day, I went to the grocery store and noticed an Angel Tree in the lobby with gifts underneath to go to a homeless shelter. One of the paper angels had fallen off, so I went to pick it up and took a moment to read the wish. It was from a woman who was asking for a warm pair of slippers - size extra small. Pink is my fovorite colour, she’d written. With great joy, I went home, wrapped up the slippers and went back to the store. As I placed the package under the Angel Tree, a store clerk smiled and thanked me. “Actually, I’m the thankful one.” I thought. Sometimes the unexpected things in life turn into the best gifts of all! ——Sarah Chales, 52, Rutland 78. What was Daphne Harris’ job？ ___________________________________________________ 79. Which two words can be filled in the blank in the first passage ___________________________________________________ 80. Why is the last delivery special to Daphne ___________________________________________________ 81. What had been left behind after Sarah returned from the thrift store ___________________________________________________ 82. What kind of person do you think Sarah is Why I think Sarah is__________ because _______________________. 83. How do you understand the title “When small turns out to be big” ___________________________________________________ A篇：59-64 CDBDAC B篇：65-70ABBDAC C篇：71. encourage 72.alone 73. single 74.carrying 75.light 76.Others 77.farthest D篇： 78. A UPS driver. /A delivery person. 79. Thank you. 80. Because he didn’t expect he would receive a gift from a little girl ang it warmed his heart. 81. A brand-new pair of fuzzy pink slippers. 82. I think Sarah is warm-hearted because she is willing to help others when people need help. 83. Sometimes a small act of kindness might be a great help to others. 温故知新 Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary (第二部分 语音、语法和词汇) II. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案) (共20分) 21. Have you heard_____news that Tom has won the first prize of the speech contest A.a B.an C.the D./ 22. Young people shouldn't spend too much money_____the latest smartphones A.in B.on C.at D.with 23. Tourists can enjoy_____,watching the fireworks show at Shanghai Disney Resort. A.they B.them C.theirs D. themselves 24.There’s little_____in the fridge. Let's go and buy some for breakfast. A.egg B.milk C.sausage D.noodle 25.______of the twins attended the swimming class yesterday because they got stuck in traffic. A.Both B.All C.Neither D.None 26.Sherlock Holmes is one of ______detectives in the world, but he is not a real person. A.famous B.more famous C.most famous D.the most famous 27.-Excuse me，______ will the doctor come back to the clinic I’m not sure. Maybe in twenty minutes. A.how soon B.how far C.how long D. how often You_____ be very tired after practicing playing the piano for three hours. can B.need C.must D.should 29.Emily called Alex for help because she had trouble_____her wardrobe. A.moved B.moving C.to move D.move 30.Lisa promised______harder in order to win the next match against the same team. A.to train B.to training C.training D.train 31.The writer's new book_____ to be a success since it was published last month. A.proved B. has proved C.had proved D.would prove 32.Remember to take the medicine three times a day,_____ you won't get any better. A.and B.but C.or D.so The fisherman's wife still demanded for more______she had already got so much. until B.if C.unless D.although 34.______eye-opening experience it is to explore the underwater world! A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 35. John could hardly see anything in front of him in the darkness，______ A.could he B.does he C.has he D.is he plete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once.(将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)(共8分) (
A)responses B)invitations C)received D)stay longer E)unusual
) Each year, two million tourists visit the beautiful islands off the Australian coast. However, most visitors just visit for a day. The tourism officials wanted more people to (36)__________, so they decided to hire a person to live on the islands and write about the area. They posted the job on their website and waited for (37)__________. (
A)adventures B)local C) explored D)recently E)such as
) Several months later, the tourism officials in Queensland (38)__________ 35,000 applications from people all over the world. They chose 15 top applicants and invited them to Australia. The interview was (39)___________four days of swimming, diving, and writing blogs about the experience. In the end, they chose the best applicant: Ben Southall. This was the beginning of Southall's amazing experience. From his first day at work to his last, he (40)_________ the islands. He swam in the clear, blue water and dived among the coral reefs. He visited (41)__________ hotels, and he ate at all the best restaurants, "Every day was a different experience: staying in five-star resorts, diving, water-skiing and then writing about it. "Meanwhile, people all over the world were reading his blogs It wasn't all fun. however, Australia is home to many poisonous animals (42)__________ snakes, spiders, and fish. For most of the time, Southall managed to avoid all of them. However, in the last week, his luck came to an end. A poisonous jelly fish stung him. Luckily, he recovered and was able to finish his work. Southall was under a lot of pressure to write about all his (43)__________ .He had to post videos and photos every day. Luckily, these videos attracted more people to the islands plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。每空格限填一词）（共8分） In difficult times, there are always national who step up and bring people hope. (hero) 45. George finally won his eighth basketball champion with a different team. (five) 46. In some countries, it is to open the gifts in front of the guest, so try to avoid it. (polite) 47. National Biotech Group will be able to one billion doses of vaccines next year. (product) 48. Chang’e 5 robotic probe has brought back the rocks and soil from the moon. (succeed) 49. Mrs. Smith made a to the restaurant manager about the waiter’s rude attitude. (complain) 50. Eventually students will graduate from schools to live as fully adults. (depend) 51. Zhang Guimei has changed the fates of many girls by them to continue their study. (able) V. Complete the following sentences as required（根据所给要求改写句子，52-57小题每空格限填一词）（共14分） 52. Professor Grey often uses thinking maps to give instructions about a process.（改为一般疑问句） Professor Grey often thinking maps to give instructions about a process Many tenants paid a whole year’s rent in advance so as to get some discounts.（对划线部分提问） many tenants pay a whole year’s rent in advance The boy asked, “Will the school sports’ meeting be held next week ”（改为间接引语） The boy asked the school sports meeting be held the next week. The Red Cross sent a medical team to the town right after the disease broke out.（改为被动语态） A medical team to the town right after the disease broke out. Jack asked the librarian where he could book some magazines on sports.（改为简单句） Jack asked the librarian book some magazines on sports . At every Olympic Games, some sports are added and others are removed.(保持句意基本不变） At every Olympic Games, some sports are added and others are . me, some advice, on, you, give, how to, can, keep fit（连词成句） ？ 选择：21-25 CBDBC 26-30 DACBA 31-35 BCDDA 五选四： 36-39 D A C E 40-43 C B E A 词转：44.heroes; 45.fifth 46. Impolite 47.produce 48.successfully plaint 50.independent 51.enabling 句转：52.Does, use 53.Why did 54. if/whether, would 55.was sent 56.where to 57.taken away 58.Can you give me some advice on how to keep fit？中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
备战2022年上海市初三英语一模（期末）冲刺讲义第七讲 定语从句考点回顾+最新真题训练（学生版）
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进门小练笔中考易错易混词辨析 topic/title/tiptraintechnology翻译tired/ triedtypeTuesday/Thursday温度tap/tapeturnturkey裤子test/text大学underlineunit上楼useunitedCareless drivers cause a easily, they are really dangerous.Nowadays, many ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) teachers have got rid of the old-fashioned teaching m . A to the weather forecast ,it will rain tomorrow.Canadian author ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Alice Munro,82, was a the 2013 Nobel Prize in literature.The lady’s face turned p when she heard the sad news.Use your b ,and you’ll find a way.I’m looking f to your reply, please write back soon.In summer, you can see b flying around the flowers.Students shoul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d sometimes step away from their books to take up h or join clubs.I’ll remember my vi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sit to Beijing f , for it was really unforgettable.We shouldn’t be too ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) p of ourselves. Sometimes we can learn from others.It’s just a w of money if you buy something unnecessary.精讲精练【知识梳理】定语从句(Relative Clause)思维导图 概念 限制性定语从句 分类 非限制性定语从句 先行词定语从句 两要素 关系代词 关系词 关系副词 指物时关系代词that/which区别 重要考点 介词+关系代词 抽象化的时间、地点名词 复习要点：概念：定语从句在句中做定语，修饰名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词称作先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。分类：定语从句分为限制性定语从句( ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Restrictive Relative Clause)和非限制性定语从句(Non-restrictive Relative Clause)：（1）限定性定语从句用于对主句先行词加以限制或分类，是句中不可缺少的组成部分，书面上主句和从句之间没有逗号分开。eg. Would al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l those who have booked dinner please go to the restaurant now （2）非限制性定语从句用于对主句先行词的补充说明，没有它不影响主句意思的完整，书面上常用逗号把主句和从句分开。eg. I have two sisters, who are both students.( 3 ) 试区分以下两句句子的中文含义： a. My brother who is 18 years old, is fond of playing football. b. My brother, who is 18 years old, is fond of playing football.关系词：定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )om, whose, that, which, as 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）。关系代词所代替的先行词是人或 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语，定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。eg. An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings. The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略（非限定性定语从句中不可省略）。eg. I find ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.I find it diff ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )icult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion. The suit (which / that ) the tailor made for me doesn’t fit me.非限定性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that, 关系副词why, 不可用于非限定性定语从句。（4） 作介词宾语的关系代词在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词宾语，即介词+关系代词，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。eg. The man with wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )om you shook hands just now is head of our department.Mrs. Nye, with wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )om you shook hands just now, is head of our department.The room in which my family live used to be a garage.4．只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况：先行词是：不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等eg. All that you have to do is to press the button.先行词被the only, the very修饰时eg. This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.先行词被序数词修饰时eg. This is the second time that I have read this book.先行词被形容词最高级修饰时eg. This is the tallest building that I have ever seen.先行词既有人，又有物时eg. They talked for a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bout half an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.在以疑问词who开始的句子中，为避免两个who重复eg. Who is the man that is shouting there 关系代词在从句中做表语时eg. The city is no longer the place that it used to be.修饰表示时间的名词如the day, the time, the moment等eg. It happened on the day that / when I was born. 5．关系代词as & which(1) 在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词as & which可以修饰前面的整个句子。eg. She was terrified, which / as I could see from her eyes.但置于句首的关系代词，通常都是as，不能用which，意为“正如”、“就象”。eg. As was expected, he passed the exam.(2) such…as...引导定语从句，such…that…引导状语从句eg. I have never heard such stories as you told me.I have never heard such stories that I am deeply move by them.【巩固练习】1. ---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees ---Yes, he does. A. which B. whose C. where D. who2. The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important. A. who B. where C. what D. that3. ---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday ---He has gone bac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k to Qinghua University. A. whom B. who C. whose D. which4. I hate people _______ talk much but do little. A. whose B. whom C. which D. who一. 单项填空1. ---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher ---Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.A. he B. that C. whom D. which2. I hate the peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where3. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom4. George Mallory was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) an English school teacher _______ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which5. This is the place _____I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which6. Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting. A. that B. which C. why D. when7. The moon is a world ______ there is no life. A. that B. which C. where D. why8. He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived. A. when B. where C. that D. which9. He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which10. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which11. He got to th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e village _______ his family once lived before liberation. A. that B. which C. when D. where12. This is the house _______ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where13. This is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked. A. which B. that C. when D. where14. He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born. A. that B. which C. when D. where15. He lived in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station. A. that B. which C. where D. when二. 用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago.___________________________________________________________2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college.___________________________________________________________3. Beijing Hotel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is near Tian An Men Square. The foreign visitors live there.___________________________________________________________4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her.___________________________________________________________5. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day.___________________________________________________________6. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us.___________________________________________________________7. The man waved to us. The man was my uncle.___________________________________________________________8. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a book last week.___________________________________________________________9. I prefer the subject. The subject is science.___________________________________________________________10. I spoke to the man. The man is a professor.___________________________________________________________三. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1. The house _______ we live in is very big.2. The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. This is the present _____ he gave me for my birthday.4. The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.5. He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited.6. There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten him.7. She wears a gold ring, _______ is very uncommon in our class.8. We visited a factory _______ makes toys for children.9. Is this the place _______ your father once lived 10. I’ll never forget the days _______ I joined the League.当堂检测Part 3 Reading and Writing(第三部分 读写) VI. Reading comprehension(阅读理解) (共50分)Choose the best answer(根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) (共12分).Who you are makes a differenceA teacher decided ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to honour her students by telling them the difference they have made. She presented each of them with a blue ribbon with letters that read, “Who I Am Makes a Difference.”Afterwards, the teach ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er decided to do a class project to see what kind of influence recognition（赞赏） would have on a community. She gave each of the students three more ribbons and instructed them to spread them and follow up on the results, and report back to the class in a week.One boy in t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he class went to a manager in a company, and honoured him for helping him with his career planning. He gave him a blue ribbon and put it on his shirt. Then he gave him two extra ribbons, and said, “Would you please find somebody to honour, give them a blue ribbon, then give them the extra so they can find a third person.”Later that day, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e manager went to see his boss and gave him the gift of the blue ribbon. He told him that he deeply admired him for being a creative genius. His surprised boss accepted it delightedly. The manager placed the blue ribbon right in his boss's jacket above his heart and gave him the last extra ribbon to pass on.That night, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the boss went home to his 14-year-old son and told him about his day. “One of the managers gave me an extra ribbon and asked me to find somebody else to honour and I thought about you. I want to honour you,”said the boss. “My days are really hectic and when I come home, I don't pay a lot of attention to you. Sometimes I scream at you for not getting good grades in school and for your bedroom being a mess, but somehow tonight, I just want you to know that you do make a difference to me. You're a great kid, and I love you!”The astonished ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) boy couldn't stop crying. He looked up at his father and said through his tears, “I was planning to run away from home tomorrow, Dad, because I didn't think you loved me. Now I will never do that.”( ) 59. The teacher decided to do a class project to .A) honour the best one of her students B) present her students with ribbonsC) see the influence of recognition D) get the results from the community( ) 60. Accordi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng to the teacher, could receive the blue ribbons.A) students who get best marks in a schoolB) people who get high positions in a companyC) children who always keep the bedrooms tidyD) people who have made a difference in your life( ) 61. The th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ree blue ribbons were passed on to the honoured persons in .A) one night B) one day C) one week D) one month( ) 62. The correct order of the boy's three ribbons is: .A) The boss - the manager - the sonB) The manager - the son- the bossC)The boss - the son - the managerD) The manager - the boss- the son( ) 63. The un ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )derlined word “hectic” in paragraph 5 probably means .A) busy B) boring C) short D) over( ) 64. After reading the passage, we can infer that it is .A) a research reportB) a speech presentationC) a warning storyD) an exciting adventureB. Choose th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e words or expressions and complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文)(12分) When you think of a j ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ournalist, do you see a reporter with a pen and paper Writing is one way to tell a story, but some stories are told without (65)__________. Photojournalists ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e reporters too. They use a camera to capture a story in photographs (66)__________ a pen and paper. You can see their work in the pictures that appear with an article. Pictures help readers visualize the things being described. Photojournalists also create photo essays, which tell a story with photosAlice Aedy is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a photojournalist and documentary filmmaker based in London, England. She specializes in stories about social justice and human rights, but she also covers (67)_________issues. Aedy said that she's “passionate about climate change” because of how it affects peoples livesPhotojoumalism helps ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) people (68)__________current events by giving context to important moments in history. So photojournalists aren't just photographers. Theyre storytellers. Like other reporters, they need to be on the scene and able to interview people about what's happeningAedy has tra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )veled the world to do her reporting. While working, she spends as much time as she can in the country where a story is taking place and does lots of interviews to get the full story. “I want my photos to build empathy(共鸣),” she says，“and make people care.”Aedy says that phot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ography, like all forms of media, should be viewed “with a (69)________ eye.” Viewers should ask themselves questions like “What is the context of the photo When and where was it taken Was the photo taken with the permission of its subjects Why was it taken ”It's also importa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt for viewers to take time to think about how a photograph makes them (70)__________. “We’re bombarded(轰炸) with images every day, ” Aedy says，“So my hope is that whatever you're looking at, you just truly engage.”65. A)words B)pens C)pictures D) writers66. A)in add ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ition to B)instead of C)except for D)because of67. A)business ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B)environment C)technology D) entertainment68.A)watch B)hear C) explain D)understand69.A)critical B) close C)friendly D)real 70.A)judge B)decide C)feel D) observeC. Read the passa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge and fill in the blanks with proper words.(在短文的空格内填入适当的单词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)(14分)National Poetry Month April is National ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Poetry Month in the US. The idea of the month is to (71)e__________ people to read and share poetry, and to remind people about great poems and poetsNational Poetry M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )onth was started in the US in 1996 by a group called the Academy of American Poets(AAP). The US is not (72)a__________ in celebrating poetry. In 1999, Canada also decided to use April as National Poetry Month. In the UK, poetry is usually celebrated on a (73)s__________day in October called National Poetry Day. UNESCO, a part of the United Nations, chose March 21 as their Word Poetry Day.The AAP has made a lis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t of ways that people can celebrate poetry during April. Some of the ideas include memorizing poems, writing to poets, starting poetry groups, writing poems in sidewalk chalk and (74)c___________poems in your pocket to share with friendsThe group is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) also putting up a new poem every day on their website. The poems are chosen by Tracy K. Smith, who is the US Poet Laureate. The Poet Laureate is the official poet of the US and is chosen by the Librarian of Congress. Ms. Smith holds that poetry can be the(75)l__________ of our normal life, so she’s traveling around the US this year, trying to bring poetry to places where poems are not a big part (76)O_________are joi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ning the AAP in National Poetry Month. A group called “Poetry in America” has created a TV series. In the series, they talk with poets and other well known people about poems in the US. Basketball player Shaquille O'Neal and Singer Bono of U2 are a part of the series. Poetry in America is also offering classes online.In 2012, astro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )naut Donald Pettit set the record for taking part in National Poetry Month from (77)f__________away. Mr. Petit wrote poems while he was on the International Space Station, and shared them with people back on earth71.e_______ 72.a_______ 73.s_______ 74.c_______ 75.l_______ 76.O 77. f D. Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（12 分）Special deliveryBeing a UPS driv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ers, the holidays are always crazy, and I’m always exhausted by the end of the day, losing my own mood. But on the 24th last year, I went to make my last delivery. When I carried a package up to the home’s doorstep, I found a poster next to a box covered in Christmas paper.The poster read ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ): For our delivery person... Santa loves you! in crooked letters that looked like a child’s writing. I peered into the box, and it was filled with Christmas cookies, all hand-decorated. I glanced over, and through the curtains at the front window, a little girl with a toothy smile gave me a happy wave. My insides melted as I waved back mouthing ‘ ’ two words that couldn’t possibly sum up what her thoughtfulness meant to me.On the way home, I p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut on my Santa hat, nibbled on the cookies and sang along with the carols on the radio, feeling the true magic of this wonderful time of year!——Daphne Harris, 47, MadisonWhen small turns out to be bigA couple of weeks be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fore Christmas, I loaded up my ear with donations and took them to the thrift store(旧货店). After I returned, I noticed a brand-new pair of fuzzy pink slippers had been left behind. The store was nearly 30 minutes away and I didn’t plan on going back anytime soon, so I threw them in my closet. Besides, they were extra small. So tiny that I doubted any adult women could wear that size.The next day, I went ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to the grocery store and noticed an Angel Tree in the lobby with gifts underneath to go to a homeless shelter. One of the paper angels had fallen off, so I went to pick it up and took a moment to read the wish. It was from a woman who was asking for a warm pair of slippers - size extra small. Pink is my fovorite colour, she’d written. With great joy, I went home, wrapped up the slippers and went back to the store. As I placed the package under the Angel Tree, a store clerk smiled and thanked me.“Actually, I’m t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he thankful one.” I thought. Sometimes the unexpected things in life turn into the best gifts of all!——Sarah Chales, 52, Rutland78. What was Daphne Harris’ job？___________________________________________________79. Which two words can be filled in the blank in the first passage ___________________________________________________80. Why is the last delivery special to Daphne ___________________________________________________81. What had b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een left behind after Sarah returned from the thrift store ___________________________________________________82. What kind of person do you think Sarah is Why I think Sarah is__________ because _______________________.83. How do you understand the title “When small turns out to be big” ___________________________________________________温故知新 Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary (第二部分 语音、语法和词汇)II. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案) (共20分)21. Have you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) heard_____news that Tom has won the first prize of the speech contest A.a B.an C.the D./22. Young people sho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uldn't spend too much money_____the latest smartphonesA.in B.on C.at D.with23. Tourists ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n enjoy_____,watching the fireworks show at Shanghai Disney Resort.A.they B.them C.theirs D. themselves24.There’s little_____in the fridge. Let's go and buy some for breakfast.A.egg B.milk C.sausage D.noodle25.______of the twins ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) attended the swimming class yesterday because they got stuck in traffic.A.Both B.All C.Neither D.None26.Sherlock Holmes is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) one of ______detectives in the world, but he is not a real person.A.famous B.more famous C.most famous D.the most famous27.-Excuse me，______ will the doctor come back to the clinic I’m not sure. Maybe in twenty minutes.A.how soon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B.how far C.how long D. how oftenYou_____ be very tire ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d after practicing playing the piano for three hours.can B.need C.must D.should29.Emily called ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Alex for help because she had trouble_____her wardrobe.A.moved B.moving C.to move D.move 30.Lisa promised______harder in order to win the next match against the same team.A.to train B.to training C.training D.train31.The writer's n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ew book_____ to be a success since it was published last month.A.proved B. has proved C.had proved D.would prove32.Remember t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o take the medicine three times a day,_____ you won't get any better.A.and B.but C.or D.soThe fisherman's wife ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )still demanded for more______she had already got so much.until B.if C.unless D.although34.______eye-opening ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )experience it is to explore the underwater world!A.How B.What C.What a D.What an35. John could hardly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )see anything in front of him in the darkness，______ A.could he B.does he C.has he D.is plete the fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llowing passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once.(将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)(共8分)Each year, two mil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lion tourists visit the beautiful islands off the Australian coast. However, most visitors just visit for a day. The tourism officials wanted more people to (36)__________, so they decided to hire a person to live on the islands and write about the area. They posted the job on their website and waited for (37)__________.Several months la ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter, the tourism officials in Queensland (38)__________ 35,000 applications from people all over the world. They chose 15 top applicants and invited them to Australia. The interview was (39)___________four days of swimming, diving, and writing blogs about the experience. In the end, they chose the best applicant: Ben Southall.This was the be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ginning of Southall's amazing experience. From his first day at work to his last, he (40)_________ the islands. He swam in the clear, blue water and dived among the coral reefs. He visited (41)__________ hotels, and he ate at all the best restaurants, "Every day was a different experience: staying in five-star resorts, diving, water-skiing and then writing about it. "Meanwhile, people all over the world were reading his blogs It wasn't all fun. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )however, Australia is home to many poisonous animals (42)__________ snakes, spiders, and fish. For most of the time, Southall managed to avoid all of them. However, in the last week, his luck came to an end. A poisonous jelly fish stung him. Luckily, he recovered and was able to finish his work.Southall was u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nder a lot of pressure to write about all his (43)__________ .He had to post videos and photos every day. Luckily, these videos attracted more people to the plete t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。每空格限填一词）（共8分）In difficult ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )times, there are always national who step up and bring people hope. (hero)45. George finally ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) won his eighth basketball champion with a different team. (five)46. In some count ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ries, it is to open the gifts in front of the guest, so try to avoid it. (polite)47. National Biot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ech Group will be able to one billion doses of vaccines next year. (product)48. Chang’e 5 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )robotic probe has brought back the rocks and soil from the moon. (succeed)49. Mrs. Smith made a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to the restaurant manager about the waiter’s rude attitude. (complain)50. Eventually student ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s will graduate from schools to live as fully adults. (depend)51. Zhang Guimei has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) changed the fates of many girls by them to continue their study. (able)V. Complete th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e following sentences as required（根据所给要求改写句子，52-57小题每空格限填一词）（共14分）52. 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