高考英语书面表达【概要写作】世界人口 课件（39张PPT）

(共39张PPT)
概要写作
Summary writing
Skills
It is necessary for a host family to prepare for a coming exchange student.
Firstly, the room for the student should be furnished according to his or her personal preference.
Secondary,find out if the student has some special needs. If so, try to satisfy his or her needs.
Thirdly,if the exchange student is homesick,consult the counselors of the exchange program or a family doctor.(67words)
outer beauty
Attention1: No paragraphing!(分段)
A new app “Pokemen Go” ,released on July 6,which allows
people to spot Pokemon characters, is getting increasingly popular,especially among the young people. Some players are reported to have been injured when playing “Pokemon Go”, which also leads to serious consequences.Although the game is installed with a built-in warning, some players are so absorbed as to overlook thei surroundings,as a result of which,the accidents still coour,causing conplaint among the drivers.Players are also reminded to obey the law.However,on the other side, people can catch Pokemon together even though they are total strangers.(100 words)
outer beauty
Attention2: No overwriting!
Tip:words limit: about 60s word:≤40 words & ≥80 words
- 2分
The ways to get rid of dirt
People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. For a long time , people of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirt prtested people rom getting ill. However, people began to change their attitudes 300 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. But some scientists believe that expoure to some diet may help our immune system.(67 words)
outer beauty
Attention3: No titling!
outer beauty
Attention4: No scrabbling!(乱涂乱写)
outer beauty
How to write a summary
1
S
U
M
M
A
R
Y
Scan the passage （览全文，定题材） Step1
Underline the main points（划要点） Step2
Miss the details（省细节） Step2
Analyse the structure （析结构） Step3
Yoke the sentences to a passage（连全文）Step5
Restate the points（换表达） Step4
How to solve the difficulties？
2
How to find the key points？
How to paraphrase the key points？
How to make a passage？
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Feeding the world’s growing population is a big challenge, and it is about to get bigger. Right now, a little more than 7.3 billion people share the planet. By 2050, some scientists estimate, the world’s population may reach 9 billion. Although many people don’t believe it, that is the conclusion reached by some scientists.
Just three crops—wheat, rice and corn—provide more than two-thirds of the calories that people consume. Such crops, and a small number of other important crops, come from farming regions sometimes referred to as “breadbaskets”. These areas often occupy a relatively small portion(部分) of the globe. Worse still, the breadbaskets are easily affected by bad weather. Events such as widespread flooding or extended heat wave can kill crops. That’s especially true if the bad weather occurs when a crop is young, fruiting or approaching harvest.
Unfortunately, big crop failures in two or more breadbaskets could lead to what researchers call a “food shock”. That means an overall shortage of food would occur. Extreme food shocks used to happen every century. Or to put it another way, that’s only about once in very four generations of humans. However, according to studies, as the climate warms, high and low temperatures become more extreme, and by 2050, food shocks could occur about once every 30 years. In other words, a person born in the middle of the current century might live through two or three extreme food shocks during their lifetime.
So what can people do to help avoid food shocks Making agriculture efficient is one choice. But one of the most effective ways to fight against food shocks might be to cut down on food waste. “If we could cut food waste in half,” said Seth Cook, a British environmental scientist, “we could feed an extra billion people.”
Step1 Scan the passage （览全文，定题材）
1. Type :
2.Topic：
Exposition（说明文）
It is difficult to feed the world’s growing population.
Tip1 ：The topic is usually in the first paragraph.
Step2 Underline the main points & miss the details
（划要点&省细节）
Para. 1:
Feeding the world’s growing population is a big
challenge, and it is about to get bigger.
Right now, ....more than 7.3 billion people....
By 2050, ...the world’s population may reach 9 billion.
Tip 2：Omit（省去） the detailed statistics/data
×
Problem
Para. 2:
Step2 Underline the main points & miss the details
（划要点&省细节）
the breadbaskets are easily affected by ...
Worse still,
These areas often occupy a relatively small portion...
Breadbaskets
Tip 3：Pay attention to typical words.
causes
1.for example，take…as an example
主题句在段首
2. as a result; in a word, to conclude,
in fact, therefore...
主题句在段尾
4. what’s worse, besides
主题句在信息词后
3. however，but...
主题句在信息词前后
Tip 3：Pay attention to typical words.
Para. 3:
Step2 Underline the main points & miss the details
（划要点&省细节）
... big crop failures ...lead to ...a “food shock”.
Extreme food shocks used to happen every century.
Or to put it another way,...
However,...by 2050, food shocks could occur
about once every 30 years.
In other words...
Tip 4：Pay attention to the repeated words and
explanation words
causes
Para.4:
Step2 Underline the main points & miss the details
（划要点&省细节）
So what can people do to help avoid food shocks
solutions
1.Making agriculture efficient…… one choice.
2.But one of the most effective ways……..
to cut down on food waste.
Step2 Underline the main points & miss the details
（划要点&省细节）
Para. 4: So what can people do to help avoid food shocks Making agriculture efficient is one choice. But one of the most effective ways to fight against food shocks might be to cut down on food waste. “If we could cut food waste in half,” said Seth Cook, a British environmental scientist, “we could feed an extra billion people.”
Tip 4：Ignore the quotations. （引语）
×
Para. Key points
1 Feeding the world’s population is a big challenge, and it is about to get bigger.
2 These areas often occupy a relatively small portion of the globe.
the breadbaskets are easily affected by bad weather.
3 big crop failures ...lead to ... “food shock”
food shock...every century...
food shock...once every 30 years...
4 What can people do to help avoid food shocks
making agriculture efficient
cut down on food waste
Step3 Analyse the structure（析结构）
Exposition
（说明文）
Problem
Causes
Solutions
Step4 Restate the points（换表达）
Para. 1: Feeding the world’s growing population is a big challenge, and it is about to get bigger.
1.Feeding the _____ population is an ________________
challenge. （替换字词）
increasingly big
2.__ is a bigger and bigger challenge ____ feed the world population. （改变句式）
It
global
3.It is more and more ___________ to feed the world population.（改变词性）
challenging
to
4.With ________________________________, it is increasingly challenging to settle the_________ problem.
world population growing/
the booming of the global population
feeding
同学佳句赏析：
1.The issue of feeding the world’s increasing population is getting serious. 冉志强
2.Feeding the world’s rising population is an ever-increasing obstacle. 童显云
3.There is a hard issue of feeding the world’s growing population.王庭婷
4. The world is facing a great obstacle of the growing population. 董文诗
5.Now it is of great difficulty to provide more and more people with food.徐帧屹
Step4 Restate the points（换表达）
Para2：Breadbaskets often occupy a relatively small portion
（部分）of the globe.
The breadbaskets are easily affected by bad weather.
1.Breadbaskets are often _______.
limited
（理解句意）
2.Breadbaskets are easily ___________________
by bad weather.
influenced/impacted
（替换字词）
Tip5：One sentence for one point
3.The _______(有限的) breadbaskets are easily ______(影响) by bad weather,which makes things worse.
4.Breakbaskets are not only limited, but also easily
________(影响)by bad weather.
5.The bad weather easily ______________(给...压力)
the already limited breadbasket.
limited
influenced
impacted
put stress on
同学佳句赏析：
1.The breadbaskets which occupy a small part of the earth can be influenced easily by bad weather.
冉志强
2.Some important breadbaskets often possess a small part of the globe and are influenced by bad weather easily.
张好玟
3.Because of the bad weather, the breadbaskets, a small portion of the world, are easily affected.
方振
4.The reason is that the breadbaskets which occupy the small part of the globe are easily impacted by the bad weather.
刘程旭
Step4 Restate the points（换表达）
Para3: big crop failures ...lead to ... “food shock”
food shock used to happen every century
food shock could occur once every 30 years...
1.Big crop failures could_______________________ a “food shock”.
account for/contribute to/result in
3.Food shocks could occur/happen/____________ more ___________ in the future.
frequently
（替换字词）
（理解句意）
2.A “food shock” may_________________________ big crop failures.
be caused by/resulted from/
be triggered by
（转变语态）
break out
4.Big crop failures could _________(解释)a “food
shock”,which could occur more________(频繁)in the future.
5._______ will happen more frequently in the future is the “food shock”, which _________ (由..导致)big crop failures.
6. “Food shock”, _________ (由..导致) the Big crop failure, will ________(爆发)more frequently in the future.
account for/contribute to/result in
frequently
what
results from
resulting from
break out
同学佳句赏析：
1.And a big crop failure will worsen the situation as well.
阮文毕
2.The big failures in breadbaskets will bring about a “food shock”.
邹鸿宇
3.Big crop failures, however, which occurred in two or more breadbaskets could cause a “food shock”.
赵婧丹
4.“Food shock” appear in two or more breadbaskets frequently, so there will be less food in the future.
方淑婷
5.Another reason is that the crop failures can give rise to “food shock”. 刘程旭
Step4 Restate the points（换表达）
Para4：What can people do to help avoid food shocks
1.making agriculture efficient
2.cutting down on food waste
Step4 Restate the points（换表达）
1. People can_________(避免) food shocks by making agriculture efficient as well as ________(reduce) food waste.(改变字词)
2. _______(make) agriculture effective and ______ (reduce) food waste are _________(两种方法)to prevent food shocks. (改变句式)
3.Food shocks ____________(can avoid) by making agriculture effective as well as reducing food waste.(改变语态)
4.To solve the problem, _________(使变好) agriculture and __________(充分利用)food are two effective ways. (理解句意)
5.Making agriculture efficient as well as _______(waste) food less can help prevent food shocks.(改变词性)
avoid
reducing
Making
reducing
ways/methods/approaches
can be avoided
bettering
make full use of
wasting
同学佳句赏析：
1.But, fortunately, there are some solutions to this problem. One is to improve agricultural efficiency and the other is to reduce food waste .阮文毕
2.One way to overcome it is making agriculture efficient and another way is avoiding wasting. 尚伦江
3.To handle it, one choice is improving agriculture efficiency while avoiding wasting food is the most efficient way.
冉志强
4.To cope with it, we should be committed to promoting the agriculture technology and shrink the waste. 傅婉玲
5.In order to avoid the problem, making agriculture efficient and cutting down on food waste are two good ways.周森全
同学佳句赏析：
6. Making agriculture efficient is one way to resolve it, but saving food can be more useful.王庭婷
7. we can make agriculture efficient and lessen food waste to avoid it.蹇庆林
8.Nevertheless human can take measures to handle it by making agriculture efficient and cutting down on food waste. 汤祺
9.But we can increase agricultural efficiency and decrease food waste to cope with it.刘程旭
10.Therefore, making agriculture efficient and reducing waste is of vital importance to deal with it.曹端广
Step5 Yoke the sentences to a passage（连全文）
It is increasingly challenging to feed the growing global population.(point1)The limited breadbaskets are easily influenced by bad weather.(point2)Big crop failures could account for a “food shock” ,which could happen more frequently in the future.(point3) Effective ways could help prevent food shocks such as making agriculture efficient as well as wasting food. (point4)
Good？
Step5Yoke the sentences to a passage（连全文）
It is increasingly challenging to feed the growing global population._________________________the limited breadbaskets are easily influenced by bad weather.______________________big crop failures could account for a “food shock” ,which could happen more frequently in the future. _________, effective ways could help prevent food shocks such as making agriculture efficient as well as wasting food. （64words）
One of the reasons is that
Another reason is that
However/
Fortunately
Tip6：Add proper linking words or trasitional words to
polish the passage.
Problem
Causes
Solutions
while; however; nevertheless; despite the fact that; in spite of; on the contrary;
.
转折
therefore; as a result; consequently; because of; accordingly; in this way; thanks to;
因果
in short; in brief；to sum up; on the whole; in a word ；
递进
总结
How to make a passage？
what's more; what's worse; worse still; besides; in addition; moreover; furthermore;
not only ... but also;
Tip6：Add proper linking words or transitional words to polish
the passage.
优秀同学范文赏析：
优秀同学范文赏析：
优秀同学范文赏析：
优秀同学范文赏析：
优秀同学范文赏析：
Inner Beauty
Outer Beauty
A Good Summary Writing
1.No paragraphing
2.No overwriting
3.No titling
4.No scrabbling
Practice makes perfect!