(共57张PPT)
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
本单元的主题语境是“人与自我”主题下的逆境与勇气。整个单元围绕Perce Blackborow和Ernest Shackleton等人去南极洲探险遇到的困难与挫折来展开,Perce Blackborow以日记的形式记录了当时所面临的逆境,如何应对挑战,以及拥有乐观精神和坚强毅力的必要性。本单元各板块的活动主题如下:
语篇类型 1. 应用文:日记 “A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE”。 2. 记叙文:“THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCE”; “FAN ZHONGYAN”。 3. 其他类型:广告、视频、音频、图片等
语言知识 主题词汇 航海探险: expedition aboard steward crush sink abandon voyage navy crew guidance navigator motor
困难境遇: adversity bitter miserable cruel unfortunately fortunately damp rough
工作描述: wage turn sb down qualified assign decent cosy thorough application advertising advertise corporate candidate commitment motive
生活用品: cupboard stove blanket belongings furniture make fire give off
性格特征: endurance vigour enthusiastic envy selfish good/bad-tempered genuine perseverance persevere resolve resolution loyal
消遣娱乐: banjo rugby bat recreation episode
语法 现在完成进行时
语篇 读后感的语篇结构和语言特色
语言知识 语用 提供选择:
What do you think (about) ... Any ideas
How do you feel (about) ... What are the alternatives
Let’s look at ... Let’s move on to the next candidate.
What/How about ... Should we move on to the next one
文化知识 1. 了解欧内斯特·沙克尔顿南极探险; 2. 了解探索者和其他卓越的人是如何克服困难的; 3. 培养自己不屈不挠的精神
语言技能 1. 能够理解和识别语篇听力素材中的因果关系; 2. 能够在表达抉择的时候,学会选择使用适当的句式; 3. 能够根据语篇中的人物语言和动作,推断人物的特征和情感; 4. 能够理解视频中的文字、声音、画面等是如何共同建构意义的; 5. 能够根据所阅读的内容,写一篇读后感
学习策略 1. 根据篇章结构的标题预测和理解篇章的主要内容; 2. 在获得信息与个人的经历之间建立有意义的联系
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking (1)
1. 通过阅读,获取与梳理探险经历的具体信息,洞悉故事发生的背景、时间、地点、起因等。
2. 通过阅读训练,能够通过语言和动作描写来推断人物的特征和情感。
3. 根据故事的情节,合理预测故事的进一步发展。
Ⅰ. 在括号里写出黑体单词在句中的含义
1. She knew from bitter( ) experience that it would be impossible to talk it over with Julian.
2. She is qualified( ) for the job. She can do it well.
3. He’s really enthusiastic( ) about his new job.He shows a lot of interest in it.
4. I’ve been assigned( ) the task of looking after the new students. Others have different jobs to do.
5. I really envy( ) you and Ian—you seem so happy together. I expect your friendship.
6. The kids watched as the coin sank( ) to the bottom of the pool.
7. He gave the order to abandon( ) ship.
8. Leaving his personal belongings( ) in the room, he walked down to enjoy a good breakfast before continuing his journey.
9. I’ve been so miserable( ) and sad since Pat left me.
10. You would think that with all the money I make, I could at least have a decent( ) place to sleep.
答案:
1. 激烈而不愉快的
2. 符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
3. 热情的 4. 分派;布置;分配 5. 羡慕
6. 沉没;下沉 7. 舍弃;抛弃 8. 财物
9. 痛苦的 10. 相当不错的
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示补全短语
1. dream ________ 梦想
2. turn sb ________ 拒绝某人
3. be enthusiastic ________ 对……热心(热情)的
4. set ________ 出发,启程
5. keep ________ 保持
6. go from bad to ________ 变得越来越糟糕
7. make ________ 成功;(及时)到达
8. feel ________ 情绪低落
9. hold ________ 等一等;坚持住
10. after ________ 毕竟;终究
答案:1. of 2. down 3. about 4. off 5. up
6. worse 7. it 8. low 9. on 10. all
Ⅲ. 选词填空
1. Black coffee leaves a(n) taste in the mouth.
2. When are high, prices are high.
3. He doesn’t know much about this subject, but he’s very
.
wage, enthusiastic, bitter, aboard, envy,
assign, abandon, resolve, genuine, navy
4. All passengers the ship fell into the river.
5. It is hard to finish the task. All the students are to suitable jobs.
6. I her ability to dance in front of the crowd.
7. Though they met some difficulties, they’re not going to
the plan.
8. He that nothing should hold him back.
9. Britain has always had a large , called the Royal Navy.
10. It appears to be , but I have my doubts.
答案:1. bitter 2. wages 3. enthusiastic
4. aboard 5. assigned 6. envy 7. abandon
8. resolved 9. navy 10. genuine
Ⅳ. 完成句子并背诵
1. 前往南极探险——这可是我梦寐以求的冒险之旅。
An expedition to the South Pole is the adventure that I have been ______ ______.
2. 他拒绝了我,因为他认为我太年轻,不具备资格。
He ______ me ______ because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified.
3. 在我们出发三天后,意想不到的事情发生了。
Three days after we _______ _______, something unexpected happened.
4. 在上班的路上,他的车被困在了交通拥堵中。
His car _______ _______ _______ the traffic jam on the way to work.
5. 令我们惊讶的是,他没有扔掉他的班卓琴。
_______ _______ _______ , he didn’t _______ _______ his banjo.
答案:1. dreaming of 2. turned down 3. set off
4. became stuck in 5. To our surprise throw away
6. from bad to worse 7. Hold on make it
6. 由于严寒,事情变得越来越糟糕。
Because of bitter cold, things went _______ _______ _______ _______.
7. 坚持下去,你就会成功。
_______ _______ and you will _______ _______.
Ⅴ. 背景知识阅读
Ernest Shackleton, in full Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton, was born on February 15, 1874 in Kilkea, County Kildare, Ireland. Educated at Dulwich College (1887-1890), Shackleton entered the commercial marine service in 1890 and became a sublieutenant(海军中尉) in the Royal Naval Reserve in 1901. He is best known as a polar explorer who was associated with four expeditions exploring Antarctica, particularly the Trans-Antarctic (Endurance) Expedition (1914-1917) that he led, which, although unsuccessful, became famous as a tale of remarkable perseverance and survival. Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton was buried on the island of South Georgia in the South Atlantic Ocean.
Activity 1: 学习理解
Step 1:
1. Have you ever had a hard experience or faced a great challenge What is it How did you go through it
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
2. How much do you know about Ernest Shackleton
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
3. How do you understand the title A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
答案:
1. Yes. When I was 12, my arm was broken. I had to overcome many difficulties. I read many stories about great people, such as Helen Keller.
2. I know some great deeds about him. He is a famous explorer.
3. Although the expedition didn’t reach Antarctica, they were, on the whole, successful. They overcame many difficulties and survived at last.
Step 2:
1. Read the advertisement in part 1 and fill in the blanks.
A Dangerous Journey
Wages (1)________
Environment (2)________
Danger (3)________
Safe return (4)________
2. Read the first diary entry and answer the questions.
(1)Why was Perce Blackborow turned down to join the expedition
___________________________________________________
(2)What was Perce Blackborow’s main task on the ship
___________________________________________________
3. Read the second diary entry and choose the best answers.
(1)When the ship was gradually sinking, Shackleton .
A. persuaded Hussey to throw away his musical instrument
B. calmly called everybody together and urged them to save
only the most essential supplies
C. kept his important possessions such as his gold
D. felt disappointed and complained about the unexpected
situation
(2)What do you think of Shackleton according to what he did in the second diary entry
A. Short-sighted. B. Far-sighted.
C. Selfish. D. Negative.
通过语言、动作描写推断人物特征和情感
阅读理解往往通过人物的语言、动作等来展现人物的特点,反映人物的优秀品质,抒发人物的情感。阅读时分析揣摩人物语言和动作描写所使用的词汇,辨析词汇的感彩,有助于加深对人物的理解, 从而更好地理解作者如何塑造人物的形象,洞察人物的内心世界。
4. Read the third diary entry and choose the best answers.
(1)Why did the author think Frank Wild was very kind
A. Frank often comforted him.
B. Frank often cooked for him.
C. Frank once saved his life.
D. Frank played music for him.
(2)What can we infer from the third diary entry
A. No pains, no gains.
B. Victory belongs to the most persevering.
C. Honesty is the best policy.
D. All men are born equal.
答案:
1. (1)small
(2)bitter cold long months of complete darkness
(3)constant (4)uncertain
2. (1)Because Shackleton thought he was too young and wasn’t qualified.
(2)He was assigned to be a steward and served meals for others.
3. (1)B (2)B
4. (1)A (2)B
Activity 2: 应用实践
Suppose you were Perce. Your friend Mike wanted to know your expedition to Antarctica. Describe what happened to you.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
After reading the advertisement posted by Shackleton, I resolved to join the expedition. At first I was refused by Shackleton because of my young age. I slipped into the ship without being noticed. The journey was not so easy. The ship was stuck in the ice. When we decided to abandon the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies. We kept Hussey’s banjo to keep our spirits up. When we reached Elephant Island, things were going from bad to worse. Shackleton left us to find help. We had to catch a seal or a penguin to eat. When I felt low, Frank Wild encouraged me to hold on. Their perseverance and resolve made me live.
Activity 3: 迁移创新
Shackleton left Elephant Island to find help. Perce felt low. What would happen Go on with your writing.
1. 根据课文内容,进行续写。
2. 词数150左右。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
Considering that Shackleton had left us for a long time, some of the crew began to have some doubts about Shackleton’s return. Thomas Orde-Lees said that he would die without others’ rescue. He complained of his worries to us. Frank Wild also comforted him and kept his spirits up. Lack of food and water and terrible weather could make us die. Life was hard for everyone.
After two months, we were still eager for Shackleton’s coming back. We were going out for food when we saw something moving in the distance. It was approaching us. As we got closer, we could easily recognise it was Shackleton that caught our attention. Shackleton waved his hands and burst into tears on seeing us. Led by Shackleton, we left Elephant Island and reached a safe place. Shackleton’s perseverance made us move forward and saved our lives.
Reading and Thinking (2)
1. 通过观察例句,探究归纳以下词汇和句式的含义及用法: turn down, aboard, set off, assign, abandon, hold on, after all及全部倒装,并在语境中灵活运用。
2. 运用所学主题词汇及相关句式对课文进行概要写作。
1. turn down
【观察思考】
However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified. (教材第38页)
然而,当我申请参加这次探险时,沙克尔顿却拒绝了我,因为他认为我太年轻,不具备资格。
The TV is pretty loud. Can you turn it down a little
电视机声音太大了,你能关小一点吗
For some reason he didn’t turn up.
由于某种原因他没有来。
The whole thing turned into a bitter quarrel.
整件事变成了一场激烈的争吵。
Reporters who visited the training ground were turned away.
来训练基地采访的记者们被拒之门外。
It turned out that he died of a heart attack.
原来他死于心脏病发作。
【探究总结】
(1)turn 拒绝;关小,调低(音量等)
(2)turn (人)到达;偶然出现;开大;调高(音量等)
(3)turn (使)成为
(4)turn 把……打发走;不准入内
(5)turn 原来是;结果是
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①He was disappointed to find his suggestions ______ ______ (被拒绝了).
②______ ______ ______ (结果) that he was completely wrong.
答案:①turned down
②It turned out
答案:(1)down (2)up (3)into (4)away (5)out
2. aboard
【观察思考】
But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.(教材第38页)
但是,满怀着想要与他们同赴南极的热情,我偷偷地爬上了他的“坚忍号”轮船,躲在一个小橱柜里。
We finally went aboard.
我们终于上了船。
It had taken two hours to load all the people aboard the plane.
用了两个小时才让所有的人上了飞机。
答案: (1)go aboard
【探究总结】
(1)aboard adv. & prep. 上(船、飞机、火车、公共汽车等)
______ ______ 登机/上船/上火车等
(2)All aboard! 请大家上船(或车、飞机等)!
Welcome aboard! 欢迎乘坐!
【辨析】
aboard adv. & prep. 上(船、飞机、火车、公共汽车)等
board n. 木板;董事会;委员会;膳食,伙食
v. 寄宿;上船(飞机、火车、公共汽车等)
on board(=aboard) 在船(飞机、火车、公共汽车等)上
go on board 上船/飞机/火车/公共汽车等
broad adj. 宽阔的
abroad adv. 在/到国外
at home and abroad 国内外
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①他已经登机了。
He was already ______ ______ ______.
②船和船上的全体船员一起沉下去了。
The ship went down with all its crew ______ ______.
③飞机就要起飞了,请登机。
The plane is taking off. Please ______ ______.
④乘客在上午9:00登机了。
The passengers ______ the plane at 9:00 a.m.
答案:①aboard the plane ②on board
③go aboard ④boarded
3. set off
【观察思考】
Unfortunately, three days after we set off I was discovered. (教材第38页)
不幸的是,在我们出发三天后,我被发现了。
The girl attendant has set about cleaning the room.
那位女服务员已开始打扫房间。
The hotel manager set aside two pleasant rooms for us.
旅店经理给我们留出两个舒适的房间。
He was asked to set down the facts just as he remembered them.
他被要求根据记忆把事实写下来。
The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.
成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种不致灭绝。
We set out for the Great Wall early in the morning.
我们一大早就向长城出发了。
【探究总结】
(1)set 出发;使爆炸;引发
(2)set doing sth 开始做某事;着手做某事
(3)set 把……放在一边;省出;留出
(4)set 记下;写下
(5)set 建立;创办(组织)
(6)set for 出发去某地
答案:(1)off (2)about
(3)aside (4)down
(5)up (6)out
【应用实践】
选词填空。
①The Chinese folk music set a wave of homesickness among the overseas students.
②After the earthquake, people set rebuilding their homes.
③I will set the story as it was told to me.
off about out down up
答案:①off ②about ③down
4. assign
【观察思考】
He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day. (教材第38页)
他指派我担任服务员,我现在为28名船员供应一日三餐。
The father assigned each of his sons a room.
=The father assigned a room to each of his sons.
父亲分配给每个儿子一个房间。
The boss assigned him to the task.
老板指派他做那项工作。
I assigned him to meet the visitors at the airport.
我指派他到机场去迎接游客。
I have completed every assignment you gave me.
我已经完成了你交给我的每一项任务。
【探究总结】
(1)assign vt. ①分派;布置;分配
assign sb sth=assign sth sb
将某物分派给某人
②指派;指定
assign sb 指派某人做某事
assign sb to sth 指派/指定某人……
(2)assignment n. 任务;作业;分配
答案:(1)①to ②to do sth
【应用实践】
(1)改写同义句。
The teacher assigned a different task to each of the children.
=The teacher assigned .
(2)单句语法填空。
You will need to complete three written (assign) per semester.
答案:(1)each of the children a different task
(2)assignments
5. abandon
【观察思考】
Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies ... (教材第38页)
在我们弃船之前,沙克尔顿镇定地把大家召集在一起,告诉我们要抢救最需要的供给品……
After careful consideration, they agreed to abandon the project.
经过仔细考虑之后,他们同意放弃这个项目。
As he abandoned himself to smoking, he suffered from lung cancer.
由于抽烟成瘾,他染上了肺癌。
They had to abandon their lands to the invading forces.
他们不得不舍弃土地,让侵略军占领。
He owned a farm, which looked almost abandoned.
他拥有一个农场,它看起来几乎被遗弃了。
【探究总结】
(1)abandon vt. 舍弃;抛弃;放弃
①abandon sth 放弃某物
②abandon to 沉湎于……;陷入……
③abandon sb/sth sb/sth
把某人(物)丢弃给某人(物)
(2)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的;放纵的
答案:(1)②oneself ③to
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①These plans (abandon) because of financial problems.
②Don’t abandon (you) to despair.
答案:①were abandoned ②yourself
6. hold on
【观察思考】
“Hold on now, Perce. Don’t you go turning into another Tom,” came the reply. (教材第39页)
“坚持住,珀西。你可不要变成另一个汤姆。”有人答道。
She held on to me tightly.
她紧紧地抓住我。
I will hold on to my dream and never give up.
我将坚持自己的梦想,永不放弃。
Can you hold on I will see if the manager is in the office.
你能别挂电话吗 我去看看经理在不在办公室。
We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to hold on to it.
我们曾经考虑过卖这件旧家具,但后来又决定不卖了。
No one can hold back the wheel of history.
谁也无法阻挡历史的车轮。
The bus got held up in traffic.
公共汽车被堵在了路上。
【探究总结】
(1)hold ______ 抓着不放;坚持;别挂断
(2)hold ______ ______ 守住;保住(不送/不卖)
(3)hold ______ 阻挡;妨碍进展
(4)hold ______ 举起;抬起;支撑;延迟;阻碍
答案:(1)on (2)on to (3)back (4)up
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①—Is Peter there
—Hold , please. I will see if I can find him for you.
②I had a strong desire to reach out my hands and play with the toy, but was held thankfully by the shop window.
答案:①on ②back
7. after all
【观察思考】
Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all. (教材第39页)
毕竟,我们也许还有机会回家。
We must work hard,and above all we must believe that each of us is able to do something well.
我们必须努力工作,最重要的是必须相信我们每个人都能把事情做好。
First of all, let me introduce my friend to you.
首先,让我来给你介绍一下我的朋友。
You should not have scolded the boy at all.
你根本不该责备那个男孩。
【探究总结】
(1)after all
(2)above all
(3)first of all ______
(4)not ... at all ______
(5)in all 总共;共计
(6)all in all整体来说;总而言之
答案:(1)毕竟;终究 (2)最重要的是
(3)首先;第一 (4)根本不
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①最重要的是,真正的诗人是语言的大师。
______ ______ , a real poet is a master of words.
②总之,条条道路通罗马,但是我坚信努力会有回报。
______ ______ ______ , all roads lead to Rome, but I do believe hard work pays off.
③毕竟,锻炼15分钟比不锻炼好。
______ ______ , 15-minute exercise is better than nothing.
答案:①Above all ②All in all ③After all
8. 全部倒装
【观察思考】
Below are some of Blackborow’s diary entries. (教材第38页)
以下是布莱克博罗的几篇日记摘录。
Above the mountain range rises a full moon.
一轮圆月在山脉之上升起。
Here are my suggestions about how to improve spoken English.
下面是我就如何提高英语口语提出的建议。
Now comes your turn.
现在轮到你了。
There goes the bell.
铃响了。
【探究总结】
全部倒装的三个条件:
(1)表示 或时间的副词,如here、 there、 in、 out、 up、 down、 away、 now、 then等,或表示方位的介词短语置于句首;
(2)谓语动词为be、 lie、 come、 go、 stand等;
(3)句子的主语是名词。
答案:(1)方位
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①约翰打开门,那里站着一个他以前从未见过的女孩子。
John opened the door. There he had never seen before.
②窗户边坐着一位年轻人,手里拿着一本杂志。
By the window with a magazine in his hand.
答案:①stood a girl
②sat a young man
课文概要写作
假如你是Mike,你的笔友李华想了解 Blackborow随从 Shackleton去南极探险的情况,请根据本课的内容,写一篇概要。
要求:1. 词数80左右;
2. 至少使用5个以下所给的词汇。
(Perce Blackborow, Sir Ernest Shackleton, Frank Wild, expedition, assign, steward, become stuck in, throw away, find help, feel low, perseverance)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
Perce Blackborow managed to join an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914. He was assigned to be a steward to serve meals. Unfortunately, the ship became stuck in the ice. Shackleton told them to throw away unnecessary things and rescue their most essential supplies. When they reached Elephant Island, Shackleton left them to find help. During that time, faced with many difficulties, Blackborow felt low. He was comforted by Frank Wild and expected Shackleton’s rescue. He appreciated their timely concern and was encouraged by their perseverance.(共15张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing
写一篇读后感
1. 通过阅读范文,总结归纳读后感的框架结构,积累表示激励、鼓舞、影响和主人公性格、品质的词汇。
2. 根据情景需要,运用所掌握的语篇知识、词汇和句型,写一篇读后感。
下面是一篇读后感,仔细阅读,试着总结一下此类文章的结构并欣赏其语言特点。
回顾本单元及以前学过的关于逆境与勇气的文章,总结一下相关的常用表达。
1. 词汇
激励、鼓舞、影响:
主人公的性格、品质:
2. 句型
开头:
中间:
结尾:
答案:
1. 词汇
激励、鼓舞、影响:inspire, inspiring, encouraging, encouraged, moved, moving, touching, touched,
have an effect on
主人公的性格、品质:determined, outgoing, easy-going, pessimistic, optimistic, frank, sensitive, enthusiastic, innocent, ambitious
2. 句型
开头:The story tells us about/that ...
The story written by ... happened ten years ago.
I have thousands of words to say after reading the story by ...
中间:I admire ... who ...
As is known to us ...
结尾:Obviously, we can draw the conclusion that ...
The book has a good effect on me.
读课本第44~45页的课文,根据其内容写一篇80词左右的读后感,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
After reading the text THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCE, I know that they led a hard life.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The expedition left a deep impression on me.
答案:
After reading the text THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCE, I know that they led a hard life. They made fire with animal fat, which gave off oily, black smoke. They had to eat the meat of sea creatures for every meal. They fought against the bitter cold for four months. It was their discipline and teamwork that kept them optimistic and assisted them in dealing
with their fears in a positive and successful way. It is true of our daily life. Life is filled with ups and downs. Nothing is difficult for a willing heart.
The expedition left a deep impression on me.
写完之后,同伴之间或者小组成员之间互换批改,找出习作中的不足或错误,然后再结合别人的反馈进行修改完善。批改的时候可以参考下表。
项目 角度 具体评价(结合习作
写出具体内容)
文章结构 是否结构清晰、思路流畅,符合读后感的常用结构
主题词汇 是否充分有效运用了【素材积累】中的主题词汇(在右栏写出所用到的词汇)
主题句型 是否充分有效运用了【素材积累】中的主题句型(在右栏写出所用到的句型)
知识错误 单词拼写、语法错误等
其他不足
整体评价 ☆☆☆☆☆
阅读下面短文,写一篇80词左右的英语读后感。
Oseola McCarty spent more than 75 years washing and ironing other people’s clothes. As a laundrywoman, she was paid only a few dollars each time. Certainly nobody would consider her rich, so they were all amazed when Miss McCarty decided to donate $150,000 to the University of Southern Mississippi.
The money was all her savings. She could save such a large amount of money because she lived a very simple life. She never learned to drive, and when she wanted to go somewhere, she just walked. She never flew anywhere till the donation(捐助), and in
50 years she had been out of the South only once. The house in
which she lived was also a rather modest one her last uncle left her. Only after she became well known in America did she begin to travel all over the country. Since then, she had been the subject of many interviews and articles and was even invited to the White House.
Her donation was for students who clearly needed financial help. She herself left school in the sixth grade and had never married or had children. She said to the reporters that the idea of helping somebody’s child go to college gave her much pleasure.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
Oseola McCarty, an ordinary worker, donated a great deal of money to a university, which aroused public attention and earned her widespread social recognition. In return, she received a sense of satisfaction and fulfilment.
From where I stand, not only will the lady’s generosity paint a brilliant blueprint for the future of those students in need of money, but also it will arouse their faith in life by convincing them that their life goal is worth trying. Given the choice, I would make donations to those who are under poor living condition.(共13张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Listening and Speaking
1. 听录音,获取与梳理救援计划及旅途挑战等具体信息,通过识别听力素材中表示因果关系的信息词,更好地理解语篇中的逻辑关系。
2. 通过对话活动,讨论救援队人员的选择,练习选择适当的句式表达抉择。
Ⅰ. 在括号里写出黑体单词在句中的含义
1. The skin on her hands was hard and rough( ).
2. It was too rough( ) to sail that night.
3. Many of the party’s loyal( ) supporters have begun to question his leadership.
4. The motor( ) refers to the part of a vehicle which produces the power for it to move.
5. A candidate( ) is someone who is being considered for a job or is competing in an election.
6. A navigator( ) is an officer on a ship or an aircraft who plans which way it should go when it is travelling from one place to another.
7. His main mission( ) in life is to work with the homeless.
答案:1. 粗糙的 2. 汹涌的 3. 忠诚的;忠实的
4. 发动机 5. 应试者;候选人
6. 领航员;航行者 7. 任务
Ⅱ. 从方框中选择合适的句子,补全对话
1. —I like the blue umbrella. ____________
—I prefer the black one.
2. —____________
—It’s interesting and instructive.
3. —I don’t think this candidate is fit for the job.
—____________
4. —We are free now. Shall we go shopping after work ____________
—That sounds a good idea.
What do you think about the film
Any ideas
What are the alternatives
Let’s look at his working experience.
Let’s move on to the next candidate.
What/How about you
Should we move on to the next one
答案:
1. What/How about you
2. What do you think about the film
3. Let’s move on to the next candidate.
4. Any ideas
Ⅲ. 背景知识阅读
The sailors struggled to reach land on three lifeboats they dragged across ice and rowed through cold waters. They shivered in their thin coats, which often froze solid. Shackleton and his men ate sea animals and burned seal blubber for fuel. Eventually, the crew landed on Elephant Island. But it was deserted. So Shackleton bravely set out again with five of his strongest men. They sailed and rowed 800 miles in a tiny boat, battling high waves, winds and severe thirst. Finally they landed at South Georgia Island. Four months after Shackleton sailed away, one of the men on Elephant Island spotted a ship offshore. When it came closer, the crew recognised Shackleton. They were rescued!
Pre-listening: Look and say.
1. Can you guess what the season is in the picture on page 42 of the textbook
___________________________________________________
2. Can you describe the mountains How about the water in the sea
___________________________________________________
3. What are the people doing
___________________________________________________
4. What great challenges are they facing
___________________________________________________
答案:
1. Maybe it is winter.
2. The mountains are covered with heavy snow. The water in the sea is freezing.
3. The boat becomes stuck in the ice. They are pushing the boat hard.
4. One of the challenges is the freezing weather. Another is the food shortage. They are also facing other challenges.
While-listening: Listen and write.
Listen to the text and finish Exercises 2 and 3.
Post-listening: Speak and play.
1. (应用实践)Suppose you are Shackleton. Tell us how you chose two sailors to join the rescue team.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. (迁移创新)Fill in the blanks according to the situation and role-play with your partner.
(Situation: The manager and one of the employees are choosing applicants.)
M: We have got the news that two candidates applied for the job.
E: ① the first candidate named Tom
M: Let’s look at his résumé.
E: Tom is a postgraduate from Cambridge University. He has two years’ working experience.
M: He is qualified. ② the next one.
E: OK. Here is his educational background.
M: ③ his qualification.
E: He lacks working experience.
M: We can give him a chance if we have more positions.
答案:
2. ①What do you think about/How do you feel about
②Let’s move on to
③Let’s look at
掌握表示因果关系的常用表达
表示因果关系的单词、短语、句型有:
(1)because, because of, due to, owing to, since, as这些单词和短语后面接的往往是原因。
(2)thus, so, as a result, hence, consequently, therefore, so that这些单词和短语后面接的往往是结果。
(3)That’s why ...,后面接某事产生的结果;That’s because ...后面接某事发生的原因。Reading and Thinking (1)
阅读理解
第一节
A
Henry Stanley is perhaps best known for his expedition into Africa to find Dr David Livingstone, but that’s not the only rescue mission he undertook. In December 1886, Stanley set off for Africa on what would be his last journey: an attempt to find and bring home a German zoologist named Eduard Schnitzer.
Schnitzer had taken the name“Emin Pasha”, in an attempt to be better received by those he was living among. Pasha was cataloguing a host of recently-discovered plant and animal life forms when fighting broke out in the Sudan. Pasha withdrew to the equator, at about the same time the Emin Pasha Relief Committee was formed. In addition to the chief goal of bringing Pasha home, Stanley was also under orders from the King of Belgium to open up some new trade routes in the area.
The roundabout route the Committee ended up taking meant that by the time they finally found Pasha many members of the expedition were dead. Those that did survive were worn, ill, and starving by the time they found Pasha who, in comparison, was well-dressed, clean, and—by some accounts—smoking a three-year-old cigar when they finally found him. He was in need of all support and supplies, but he had neither intent nor desire to leave the area. Arguments arose, causing a firm hatred between Stanley and Pasha.
Stanley finally convinced Pasha to leave with the remains of the expedition, setting off on a demanding trip back through Africa. They finally met up with some German explorers, and made it back to the port town of Bagamoyo in 1889.
During the party they threw to celebrate their return to civilisation, Pasha fell off a balcony and broke his skull. Stanley returned to Europe to receive commendations and congratulations, while Pasha slowly recovered from his unwanted rescue.
1. What would be the best title for this passage
A. Happiness Was Balanced by Sadness
B. Stanley’s Best Known Expedition
C. A“Successful”Rescue Mission
D. A Legend of Emin Pasha
解析：主旨大意题。文章讲述了Stanley带领探险队历尽千辛万苦远征非洲,将德国动物学家Pasha救了回来,完成了救援任务。A选项意为“幸福和悲伤互相抵消了”;B选项意为“Stanley最著名的远征”;C选项意为“一次‘成功的’救援任务”;D选项意为“Emin Pasha的传奇”。故选C。
答案：C
2. What resulted in the deaths of the members of the expedition
A. Hatred among the members led to bloody conflicts.
B. They were involved in a fighting with the local army.
C. The Committee was dismissed halfway through the mission.
D. The route they chose cost them too much time and supplies.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The roundabout route ... many members of the expedition were dead.”(委员会最终采取的迂回曲折的路线意味着当他们最终找到Pasha时,许多探险队员已经死亡。)以及“Those that did survive were worn, ill, and starving”(那些活下来的人处于疲惫不堪、生病和饥饿的状态)可知探险途中的艰辛,缺少供给。 故选D。
答案：D
3. What does“commendations”mean in the last paragraph
A. Criticism. B. Resignation. C. Preparation. D. Credit.
解析：词义猜测题。从最后一段中的“celebrate their return”(庆祝回归)和“congratulations”(祝贺)可知,Stanley回到欧洲接受嘉奖和祝贺。criticism批评;resignation辞职;preparation准备; credit赞许,赞扬。故选D。
答案：D
4. What does the author want to convey by mentioning “smoking a three-year-old cigar”
A. Pasha was in good condition.
B. Pasha ran out of supplies.
C. Pasha felt delighted at their arrival.
D. Pasha was addicted to tobacco.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可知,那些活下来的探险队员处于疲惫不堪、疾病和饥饿的状态。相比之下,Pasha穿着得体、干净,还吸着一支三年前的雪茄。由此可以看出Pasha的状态很好。故选A。
答案：A
B
The Sahara is the world’s largest hot desert and one of the harshest environments on the planet. It is the third largest desert overall after Antarctica and the Arctic, which are cold deserts. At 3.6 million square miles, the Sahara, which is Arabic for “The Great Desert”, covers most of North Africa. Sand dunes(沙丘) cover only a small part of the Sahara. Most of the desert is bare rocks or gravel. There are also mountains, and some of them are covered by snow in winter.
Can someone explore the Sahara without going there Yes. In fact, some of the most exciting discoveries about the Sahara have been made using “explorers” high in the sky—satellites. Thanks to these sky-high explorers, we know more about the history of this amazing desert.
The satellites send down images of Earth. Some are taken by the SIR-A radar system. It can make images that show what is under the ground and below the sand. These images have shown geologists that, in ancient times, there were lakes, mountains, and valleys where the Sahara is now.
So, the Sahara was not always a forbidding desert. Long ago, dinosaurs and giant crocodiles lived there. After the dinosaurs became extinct, giraffes, elephants, hippos, and other animals lived in the Sahara. So did people.
Then, about 6,000 years ago, the climate began to change. Within a few centuries, the Sahara became the desert that it is today. As the climate changed, fewer and fewer plants grew there, and the people had to move to places where there was more water.
Satellite images help people make other discoveries in the Sahara. With these pictures,archaeologists can find where ancient people had their settlements. Paleontologists(古生物学家) use satellite images to help them find the best places to search for clues to life millions of years ago.
5. How did experts know about the Sahara’s past
A. By studying the formation of the sand there.
B. By looking at the desert in space.
C. By studying the images sent back.
D. By watching the fossils of animals.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These images have shown geologists that, in ancient times, there were lakes, mountains, and valleys”可知,科学家是通过研究卫星传送回来的图像来了解撒哈拉沙漠的过去的。故选C。
答案：C
6. We can infer from the passage that .
A. the dinosaurs died out because it was too hot
B. it rained a lot in the Sahara a long time ago
C. few plants grew in the Sahara a long time ago
D. the Sahara was full of life a long time ago
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“These images have shown geologists that ... there were lakes, mountains, and valleys where the Sahara is now.”及第四段中的“Long ago, dinosaurs and giant crocodiles lived there ... giraffes, elephants, hippos, and other animals lived in the Sahara. So did people.” 可知,以前那里有湖、山脉、动物和人,所以充满了生机。故选D。
答案：D
7. Why did people move from the Sahara to other places
A. Because there was little water there.
B. Because the animals were dangerous.
C. Because thick forests grew there.
D. Because it was too cold for people.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“... move to places where there was more water.”可知,人们离开那里的原因是那里几乎没有水。故选A。
答案：A
8. What does the passage mainly talk about
A. Animals and plants living in the Sahara.
B. The Sahara and exploration with satellites.
C. A desert as big as the United States.
D. Reasons why the Sahara is so dry.
解析：主旨大意题。文章的第一段讲述的是有关撒哈拉沙漠的情况,后面主要讲述了使用卫星来探索它,故选B。
答案：B
第二节 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fraser Island
Fraser Island, off the east coast of Australia, is an amazing sight. Waves of clear water crash onto the white sandy beaches. The people who first lived there called it K’gari. It means paradise(乐园), and that’s exactly what it is.
Fraser Island is a World Heritage Site(世界遗产保护区)because of its unique natural surroundings. 9. It has more sand than the Sahara Desert. Huge sand dunes move slowly across the island with the wind. In the valleys between the sand dunes are freshwater lakes.
10.
The island has over 120 km of clean beaches, rainforests, and rare birds and animals. 11. You need this type of vehicle because you have to drive through sand.
There are no roads on Fraser Island. 12. Even airplanes land on the sand. It’s described as one of the most beautiful drives in the world. If you plan on staying overnight, you must camp out in a tent, as there are few places to stay on the island. 13.
Fraser Island is a beautiful and unique place.With everything so naturally beautiful, it will not be around forever. Everyone should see it once in their lifetime.
A. It is the largest sand island in the world.
B. You have to drive on the beach along the ocean.
C. Today the island is a popular tourism destination.
D. All hills on the island form through sand blowing.
E. There are only 360 people living there, and just a few hotels.
F. There are over 100 of these small, clean lakes all over the island.
G. To see all the beauty on the island, you can rent a four-wheel-drive vehicle.
9. 解析：下一句提到“这里的沙比撒哈拉沙漠的沙还多”,联系下文,A选项“它是世界上最大的沙岛”切题。该选项中的It和下一句中的It都是指Fraser Island。故选A。
答案：A
10. 解析：上一句提到“在沙丘之间的山谷里有淡水湖”,承接上文,F选项“岛上有100多个这样干净的小湖泊”符合语境。故选F。
答案：F
11. 解析：下一句提到“你需要这种车,因为你必须在沙地上开车”,结合选项,G选项“要想看到岛上所有的美景,你可以租一辆四轮驱动的汽车”符合上下文语境。下一句中的“this type of vehicle”指代的就是G选项中的“a four-wheel-drive vehicle”。故选G。
答案：G
12. 解析：上一句提到“弗雷泽岛上没有公路”,承接上文,B选项“你不得不沿着海边开车”符合逻辑,两句是因果关系。故选B。
答案：B
13. 解析：上一句提到“如果你打算过夜,你必须在帐篷里露营,因为岛上几乎没有地方可以住”,承接上文,E选项“只有360人住在那里,并且只有几家旅馆”用来进一步说明岛上几乎没有地方可以住的原因。故选E。
答案：E
Reading and Thinking (2)
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. He’s experienced and (qualify) for this job.
2. The quarrel between them was (bitter) than that of last week.
3. When their (wage) are paid on Friday, they will be very happy.
4. Although she was in trouble, she turned every offer of help.
5. He is the best man who can finish the (assign).
6. Her heart (sink) as the list ended without her name.
7. We were afraid to abandon (we) to our feelings.
8. They cannot afford to live (decent) on what they are paid.
9. Many people feel envy his good luck.
10. I often express my own opinion (genuine) and sincerely.
答案：1. qualified 2. more bitter 3. wages
4. down 5. assignment 6. sank 7. ourselves
8. decently 9. at/of 10. genuinely
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
to one’s surprise, turn down, set off, dream of,abandon oneself to, become stuck in, hold on,fill ... with ...
1. We on the last part of our trip to China.
2. a minute! Isn’t that your brother’s car over there
3. They danced wildly down the street, the night and the moon.
4. They offered her the job but she it .
5. He was late because he a traffic jam.
6. , many of them expressed disappointment.
7. I never happiness like this.
8. The world needs peace. Let’s the world love.
答案：1. set off 2. Hold on 3. abandoning themselves to
4. turned down 5. became stuck in 6. To our surprise
7. dreamed of 8. fill with
Ⅲ. 语法填空
After 1. (read) the advertisement posted by Shackleton, Perce resolved to join the expedition. At first he was so young that he
2. (turn) down by Shackleton. He managed to go aboard
3. ship. The journey was not so easy. The ship became
4. (stick) in the ice. Before they abandoned the ship, Shackleton 5. (calm) called them to rescue their essential
5. (supply), such as the small boats, their food, the cook stove, candles, etc. 7. (keep) their spirits up, they kept Hussey’s banjo. When they reached Elephant Island, things were going from bad to
8. (bad). Shackleton left them to find help. They had to catch seals or penguins to eat. When Perce 9. (feel) low, Frank Wild encouraged him to hold on. Wild and Shackleton’s perseverance, and their resolve filled Perce 10. hope.
答案：1. reading 2. was turned 3. the 4. stuck 5. calmly
6. supplies 7. To keep 8. worse 9. felt 10. with
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
The third theme of geography is movement. As people travel around the world, exchanging goods, ideas and interests, the global community is transformed. Take surfing, for example. The sport originated in Hawaii centuries ago. Today, the cry “Surf up!” can be heard along coastlines everywhere.
Europeans were the first Westerners to observe the sport. In 1779, Captain Cook, a British explorer, and his crew sailed around the Sandwich Islands (Now Hawaii). Near the rocky coast of the Big Island, they witnessed a man riding a wave while standing on a board.
Cook was stricken by what he saw. Hawaiians would anticipate good waves and hold ceremonies when building surfboards. Their boards were built according to rank: Chiefs used long boards (16 to 18 feet long), while commoners used shorter ones (6 to 8 feet long).
After the arrival of Europeans, Hawaiian surf culture declined. Many Hawaiians died of European-borne diseases. Also, the belief that surfing was“ignorant fun”was widely spread.
These conditions changed after Hawaii became a United States territory in 1900.(It became a state in 1959.) Travellers to the islands brought back stories of wave riding. Tales of the thrilling sport spread across the US, then to the rest of the world.
Today, surfing is the king of board sports. The world has nearly 8,000 “surf spots” in 136 countries on 6 continents. The Association of Surfing Professionals (ASP) holds an annual world tour in which top riders compete for millions of enthusiasts of the waves.
Top 5 countries with surf spots
Country No. of Spots
United States 1,375
Australia 1,160
South Africa 575
France 352
New Zealand 338
1. According to the passage, surfing originated in .
A. Britain B. Europe
C. America D. France
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Take surfing, for example. The sport originated in Hawaii centuries ago.”可知,冲浪这项运动几世纪前起源于夏威夷,夏威夷属于美国,故选C。
答案：C
2. Which of the following is TRUE
A. Captain Cook was interested in surfing.
B. There are no surf spots in Asia.
C. In Hawaii, everyone was equal in sports.
D. Surfing is the third theme of geography.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Cook was stricken by what he saw.”可知,他对冲浪很感兴趣;根据最后一段的“The world has nearly 8,000 ‘surf spots’ in 136 countries on 6 continents.”可知,B项错误;根据第三段的“Their boards were built according to rank”可知,他们的冲浪板是按等级建造的,因此C项错误;根据第一段的“The third theme of geography is movement.”可知,地理的第三个主题是运动,不是冲浪,因此D项错误。故选A。
答案：A
3. What does the underlined word in the fourth paragraph probably mean
A. Excited Europeans.
B. Gradually lost its strength.
C. Died out.
D. Became more and more popular.
解析：词义猜测题。根据下文,尤其是“ignorant fun”判断出冲浪文化在逐渐衰退,故选B。
答案：B
4. What would be the best title for the passage
A. The Spread of Surf Culture
B. The History of Surf Culture
C. The Rebirth of Surf Culture
D. The Advantages of Surf Culture
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文得出最佳题目是“冲浪文化的传播”,B、C两项分别是文章内容的一部分,D项文中没有提到。故选A。
答案：A
Ⅴ. 完形填空
Antarctica is the continent which is the most southern area of land on Earth and is mostly 1 with ice. This is one of the driest and 2
places in the world. But people from all over the world come to 3
there. Near the South Pole, three thousand people live together in a place called Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station.
The station has libraries, cinemas, shops, sports rooms, canteens and laboratories(实验室). There is electricity, and they have 4 —the system that they use to have a conversation with someone in another place. And they have 5 —electronic machines that store information and use programmes to help them find, organise, or change the information.
But the people here don’t travel by car, train, or bus, because there aren’t any roads or railways near the station. They travel by ship, helicopter, plane, or snow tractor, or 6 dogs.
There aren’t 7 trees or flowers there, but there are hundreds of different birds and other 8 .
Most of the people here are 9 . They study plants and animals and how ice 10 . The ice can 11 us about changes in climate. Ray Kingman is an expert at Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, telling us 12 the phone, “This is my second year here. It’s a very interesting and beautiful place, but life is very 13 in winter. In summer we can go 14 in hot pools of water. We welcome newcomers here for further 15 of the continent!”
1. A. filled B. equipped C. discovered D. covered
解析：南极洲是地球上最南部的陆地,大部分被冰覆盖。fill装满;equip配备;discover发现;cover覆盖,故选D。
答案：D
2. A. warmest B. coldest C. coolest D. hottest
解析：根据“and is mostly 1 with ice”可知,此处表示这是世界上最干燥和最寒冷的地方之一。warmest最温暖的;coldest最冷的;coolest最凉爽的;hottest最热的,故选B。
答案：B
3. A. travel B. settle C. work D. live
解析：下文说到这儿来的人大部分是科学家,他们研究动植物以及冰层的移动,可以推出此处表示“但是世界各地的人都来这里工作”。travel旅行;settle定居;work工作;live生活。故选C。
答案：C
4. A. telephones B. films C. televisions D. record players
解析：根据“the system that they use to have a conversation with someone in another place”可知他们有电话。telephone电话;film电影;television电视;record player唱机。故选A。
答案：A
5. A. printers B. icons C. mice D. computers
解析：破折号有解释说明的作用。此处由后面的“electronic machines that store information and use programmes to help them find, organise, or change the information”可知,此处指的是电脑。printer打印机;icon图标;mouse鼠标;computer电脑。故选D。
答案：D
6. A. with B. instead of C. on D. in front of
解析：他们坐船、直升机、飞机、雪地牵引车或用狗旅行。with表示“用”,与前面的by并列。故选A。
答案：A
7. A. much B. any C. many D. some
解析：那儿没有树木和花草,但是有数百种不同的鸟类和其他动物。前半句是否定句,故用any。much大量的;any任何的;many许多的;some一些。故选B。
答案：B
8. A. plants B. things C. animals D. life
解析：那儿没有树木和花草,但是有数百种不同的鸟类和其他动物。plant植物;thing事物;animal动物;life生命。故选C。
答案：C
9. A. teachers B. scientists C. doctors D. workers
解析：根据下文“They study plants and animals and how ice 10 .”可推出,只有科学家才研究动植物。teacher教师;scientist科学家;doctor医生;worker工人。故选B。
答案：B
10. A. flows B. melts C. freezes D. moves
解析：这里指科学家们研究动植物以及冰层的移动。flow流动;melt融化;freeze结冰;move移动。故选D。
答案：D
11. A. show B. tell C. say D. suggest
解析：冰能告诉我们气候的变化。tell sb about sth告诉某人某事。其他词不和about搭配。show sb sth/show sth to sb向某人展示某物;say to sb对某人说;suggest sth to sb向某人建议某物。故选B。
答案：B
12. A. in B. on C. which D. by
解析：科考站的一位专家在电话里告诉我们。on the phone/by phone用电话交谈,在通话,是固定搭配。故选B。
答案：B
13. A. pleasant B. easy C. hard D. comfortable
解析：这是一个非常有趣和美丽的地方,但在冬天生活是非常困难的。pleasant令人愉快的;easy容易的;hard困难的;comfortable舒适的。故选C。
答案：C
14. A. swimming B. boating C. fishing D. washing
解析：根据“In summer”和下面的“in hot pools of water”推断出,这里指夏天他们可以去热水池游泳。go swimming去游泳;go boating去划船;go fishing去钓鱼;go washing去洗。故选A。
答案：A
15. A. life B. visit C. study D. climate
解析：科学家去南极的目的是搞科学研究,此处表示欢迎新人来南极进行进一步的研究。life生活;visit参观;study研究;climate气候。故选C。
答案：C
PAGESection Ⅴ Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词
1. What do you suppose the boy’s (动机) was
2. Our government has a (承诺) to public services.
3. The storm got worse and worse. Finally, I had to (抛弃) the car and continue on foot.
4. There are only three (候选人) for the job.
5. She became a (忠诚的) friend and remained so.
6. I was looking forward to working under her expert (指导).
7. His only form of (娱乐) is playing football.
8. We receive hundreds of job (申请) each year.
9. We were late getting to the airport, but (幸运地) our plane was delayed.
10. He was desperate for money to (解决) his financial problems.
答案：1. motive 2. commitment 3. abandon
4. candidates 5. loyal 6. guidance 7. recreation
8. applications 9. fortunately/luckily 10. resolve
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. He’s (qualify) to teach biology at high school level.
2. After her promotion took effect, she (assign) a research job.
3. (fortunate), the weather was reasonably mild that winter.
4. He claimed that his parents (abandon) him.
5. They made a (resolve) to lose all the weight gained during the Christmas holidays.
6. They had remained loyal the president.
7. The exercise obviously will improve strength and (endure).
8. (rough) speaking, he did a good job.
9. This job can be done only with (persevere).
10. Jobs (advertise) in the local papers every day.
答案：1. qualified 2. was assigned 3. Fortunately
4. had abandoned 5. resolution 6. to
7. endurance 8. Roughly 9. perseverance
10. are advertised
Ⅲ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
give off, make fire, turn down, be qualified for, set off, make it, dream of, hold on, become stuck, after all
1. He learned many skills so that he could the job.
2. On the eve of the Spring Festival, we usually eat dumplings and watch TV, and some people also fireworks.
3. I have always starting my own company.
4. These fuels heat when they burn.
5. Together, I think we can .
6. Many students at home during the COVID-19 pandemic.
7. Perseverance is what it takes to do anything well. We should
to the end no matter what happens.
8. Of course I admire him— , he is a great writer.
9. I thanked him for the offer but it .
10. He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and .
答案：1. be qualified for 2. set off 3. dreamed of
4. give off 5. make it 6. became stuck 7. hold on
8. after all 9. turned down 10. make fire
Ⅳ. 语法专练
1. The phone (一直在响) for long. Why don’t you answer it
2. Lucy is out of job, and she (一直考虑返回) to school.
3. He is ill. He (一直躺) in bed for three weeks.
4. He (一直在教书) here these years.
5. I (一直在学习) how to play volleyball lately.
答案：1. has been ringing
2. has been considering going back
3. has been lying
4. has been teaching
5. have been learning
[提升测评]
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
A
Today’s world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. A key skill set for success is persistence(毅力), a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.
BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years. And over time, the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school.
“There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers,”Padilla-Walker said.“This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence—which can be taught—are key to a child’s life success.”
Researchers determined that dads need to practise an “authoritative” parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian: rigid, demanding or controlling. Rather, an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics: children feel warmth and love from their father; responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed; children are given an appropriate level of autonomy(自主权).
In the study, about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time, children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence, which leads to better outcomes in school.
This particular study examined 11 to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence, which is an avenue of future research.
1. What is special about the BYU professors’ study
A. It centered on fathers’ role in parenting.
B. It was based on a number of large families.
C. It analysed different kinds of parenting styles.
D. It aimed to improve kids’ achievement in school.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.”可知,该大学研究的是父亲在帮助青春期的孩子培养毅力方面所起的独特的作用。故选A。
答案：A
2. What would an authoritative father do when raising his children
A. Ignore their demands. B. Make decisions for them.
C. Control their behaviours. D. Explain the rules to them.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知,“权威式的”父亲并不独裁,而是要让孩子感受到来自父亲的温暖和爱,要强调责任和规则背后的缘由,要给予孩子适当的自主权。故推断出,一个“权威式的”父亲在抚养孩子时会给孩子解释规则。
答案：D
3. Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers
A. Single parents. B. Children aged from 11 to 14.
C. Authoritarian fathers. D. Mothers in two-parent homes.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Yet the researchers suggest that single parents ..., which is an avenue of future research.”可知,未来研究的方向是单亲父母。
答案：A
4. What would be the best title for the passage
A. Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers
B. Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in the Future
C. Children Tend to Learn Determination from Fathers
D. Family Relationship Influences School Performance
解析：主旨大意题。文章主要论述了父亲的行为会影响孩子毅力的养成。故C项是文章的最佳标题。
答案：C
B
My First Marathon(马拉松)
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was“not athletic”.
The idea that I was“not athletic”stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realised running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finishing line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the starting line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign:“GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!”
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my loyal supporter. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”.
5. A month before the marathon, the author .
A. was well trained B. felt scared
C. made up his mind to run D. lost hope
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Yet, I was determined to go ahead.”可知,马拉松赛前一个月,尽管作者脚踝受伤使训练时间缩短,但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选C。
答案：C
6. Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year
A. To appreciate the support of his teacher.
B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C. To show he was not talented in sports.
D. To share a precious memory.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was‘not athletic’.”可知作者提及七年级时的一节体育课是为了说明自己没有运动天赋。故选C。
答案：C
7. How was the author’s first marathon
A. He made it. B. He quit halfway.
C. He got the first prize. D. He walked to the end.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段可知,作者坚持到了最后,而且得到了一块奖牌,虽然不是第一名,由此可见,他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选A。
答案：A
8. What does the passage mainly tell us
A. A man owes his success to his family support.
B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C. Failure is the mother of success.
D. One is never too old to learn.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知,作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历,再根据最后一段可知,作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。
答案：B
C
Perhaps you have heard of the expression“When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”So when you want to do business in France, you have to get to know French culture, to make marketing plans, and to run your business by local laws.
9. The French take great pride in their language, so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French colleagues or business partners. Also, another reason why learning French is important is that it is a great way to show every possible French business partner that you care and respect their country’s culture and language.
The first thing that you should do when meeting someone new is to shake his hand firmly and always look the person in the eye. In social meetings with friends, kissing is common.
Use first names only after being invited to. 10. The French will sometimes introduce themselves using their surname first, followed by their first name.
Dress well. 11. Your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status. Always try to be tasteful and stylish. Women are advised to dress simply but elegantly. Wearing make-up is practised widely by business women.
The French are passionate about food, so lunches are common in doing business in France, which usually consist of an appetizer, main meal with wine, cheese, dessert and coffee, and normally take up to two hours. 12.
Do not begin eating until the host says “bon appetite”. Pass dishes to the left, keep wrists above the table and try to eat everything on the plate.
13. This may suggest that you find the food tasteless. If eating in a restaurant, the person who invites always pays.
A. The French draw information about people based on their appearance.
B. This is a time for relationship building.
C. Remember to be as polite as possible.
D. Language should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in France.
E. Be careful with adding salt, pepper or sauces to your food.
F. Use Monsieur(先生) or Madame before the surname.
G. Make an appointment with your business partner in advance.
9. 解析：根据下文可知,法国人以自己的语言为荣,如果有人不讲法语,他可能会被他的法国同事或商业伙伴看不起,因此语言是打算在法国经商的任何人应关注的重点。故选D。
答案：D
10. 解析：未经允许不要称呼法国人的名字,要在他们的姓前面加上先生或女士。故选F。
答案：F
11. 解析：穿着要得体。法国人会根据外貌获取人们的信息。你在商业场所的着装反映了你是否成功和你的社会地位。故选A。
答案：A
12. 解析：法国人热衷于饮食,因此商业交往经常会在午餐中进行。因此午餐是建立关系的时间,故选B。
答案：B
13. 解析：就餐时,添加盐、胡椒或酱汁要慎重,这可能暗示你认为食物没味道,故选E。
答案：E
Ⅵ. 完形填空
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been 1 to pay lawyers’ fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed(诊断) with a serious disease. There was no 2 , only pain relief.
Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a walking journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者) guide.
This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 3
recovery. When leaving home, Raynor and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank. They planned to keep the 4 low by living on boiled noodles, with the 5 hamburger shop treat.
Wild camping is 6 in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot
7 than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor 8 all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial 9 , found his symptoms were strangely 10 by their daily tiring journey.
11 , the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had lost forever. “Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes 12 to a thread, but we were alive.”
During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, “ 13 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) 14 written book. It had also given me a choice, either to leave that page 15 or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope.”
1. A. drawn up B. used up C. backed up D. kept up
解析：draw up起草;use up用光;back up后退;keep up保持。根据后面的“to pay lawyers’ fees”可知,他们的积蓄都用光了。故选B。
答案：B
2. A. cure B. luck C. care D. promise
解析：cure疗法;luck幸运;care关心;promise诺言。根据“only pain relief”可知,没有任何治疗的方法,只能止疼。故选A。
答案：A
A. expected B. frightening
C. disappointing D. surprising
解析：expected预期的;frightening令人害怕的;disappointing令人失望的;surprising令人惊讶的。根据下文可知,Moth通过徒步旅行恢复健康是令夫妻二人惊讶的。故选D。
答案：D
4. A. budget B. revenue C. compensation D. allowance
解析：budget预算;revenue收益;compensation赔偿;allowance津贴。他们计划靠吃煮面条来维持低预算。故选A。
答案：A
5. A. frequent B. occasional C. abundant D. constant
解析：frequent频繁的;occasional偶尔的;abundant大量的;constant不断的。偶尔到汉堡店吃一顿。本句中的treat意为“款待”。故选B。
答案：B
6. A. unpopular B. lawful C. attractive D. illegal
解析：unpopular不受欢迎的;lawful合法的;attractive 吸引人的;illegal非法的。根据后句“To avoid being caught”可知,在英国,野外露营是非法的。故选D。
答案：D
7. A. harder B. easier C. cheaper D. funnier
解析：harder更难的;easier更容易的;cheaper更便宜的;funnier更可笑的。根据常识可知,Winns夫妇很快发现在他们50多岁时每日徒步旅行要比他们所记得的在他们20多岁时每日徒步旅行艰难很多。故选A。
答案：A
8. A. rolled B. bled C. ached D. trembled
解析：roll滚动;bleed流血;ache疼;tremble发抖。联系上下文可知,Raynor浑身疼。故选C。
答案：C
9. A. struggle B. progress C. excitement D. research
解析：struggle斗争;progress进展;excitement激动;research研究。Moth一开始觉得很困难。故选A。
答案：A
10. A. developed B. controlled
C. relieved D. increased
解析：develop发展;control控制;relieve减轻;increase增加。后来他发现他的病症随着每天令人疲惫的徒步旅行不可思议地减轻了。故选C。
答案：C
11. A. Initially B. Eventually
C. Temporarily D. Consequently
解析：initially起初;eventually最终;temporarily临时地;consequently因此。最终,这对夫妇发现他们的身体变好了。故选B。
答案：B
12. A. sewn B. washed C. worn D. ironed
解析：sew缝;wash洗;wear磨损;iron熨。这里指他们的衣服被磨损得破破烂烂。故选C。
答案：C
13. A. Doctors B. Hiking C. Lawyers D. Homelessness
解析：doctor医生;hiking徒步旅行;lawyer律师;homelessness无家可归。无家可归夺走了“我”所有的物质。故选D。
答案：D
14. A. well B. partly C. neatly D. originally
解析：well好;partly部分地;neatly整洁地;originally起初。根据“an empty page”和下文“or to keep writing the story with hope”可知,Raynor将自己的人生比作一本部分完成的书。故选B。
答案：B
15. A. loose B. full C. blank D. missing
解析：loose宽松的;full满的;blank空白的;missing失踪的。根据前文中“an empty page at the end of a(n) 14 written book”可知,Raynor将苦难的现状比作书本最后的空白页;要么留下那页空白,要么带着希望继续书写这个故事。故选C。
答案：C(共10张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
1. 在语境中观察感知现在完成进行时的功能和意义。
2. 通过自主探究,总结现在完成进行时所表达的动作含义和感彩,辨析现在完成进行时和现在完成时。
3. 通过练习,掌握现在完成进行时的用法,在语境中灵活运用。
现在完成进行时
一、现在完成进行时的定义及构成
【观察思考】
Over the past decades, sea ice in the Arctic has been decreasing as a result of global warming.
由于全球变暖,在过去的几十年里,北极的海冰一直在逐渐减少。(动作可能会继续下去)
What have you been doing all the time
你一直在干什么 (动作可能会继续下去)
I have been fixing the fridge all the morning.
我一上午都在修理冰箱。(动作可能会继续下去)
【探究总结】
(1)定义:现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始,一直延续到现在,并且还有可能持续下去。
(2)构成:
I/We/You/They +现在分词
He/She/It +现在分词
(3)句式结构:
①陈述句:主语+has/have been doing ...
②一般疑问句:Has/Have+主语+been doing ...
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+has/have.
否定回答:No, 主语+hasn’t/haven’t.
(4)与现在完成进行时连用的时间状语有:over the past decades,
, all the morning, all day/month, these days, recently/
lately, in the past few+时间段, since+时间点, for+时间段,等等。
答案:(2)have been has been
(4)all the time
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①—I wonder if you could go to the movies with me.
—Oh, just leave me alone. I (write) a composition all the morning and haven’t finished yet.
②You see, I (shop) all the afternoon and I don’t seem to have done anything.
③—We’ve spent too much money recently.
—Well, it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives __________
(come) around all the time.
答案:①have been writing
②have been shopping
③have been coming
二、现在完成进行时的用法
【观察思考】
It has been raining since last week.
自从上周以来一直下雨。(强调动作的过程)
You have been coughing a lot lately.
你最近一直咳嗽。(强调动作的反复性)
Too much has been happening today.
今天真是个多事的日子啊。(感慨)
He has always been studying hard.
他学习一直很刻苦。(赞许)
【探究总结】
(1)表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在,甚至将来,强调动作的 。
(2)表示从过去到现在的一段时间内反复进行的动作,强调动作的 。
(3)常表示 、 等感彩。
答案:(1)过程 (2)反复性 (3)感慨;赞许
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①Mary (一直去) to writing classes every night since June and the course will end this week.
②Since the time humankind started gardening, we
(一直尽力) to make our environment more beautiful.
③The manager (一直在告诉) the workers how to improve the programme since 9 a.m.
答案:①has been going
②have been trying
③has been telling
现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
(1)现在完成时强调动作的完成,而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续。
(2)在表示动作的延续时,虽然既可用现在完成时,也可用现在完成进行时,但现在完成进行时强调动作的进行。因此在需要明确表示动作还要持续下去时,应用现在完成进行时。
(3)现在完成时通常只陈述事实,而现在完成进行时还可表示某种感彩。Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Mary (work) really hard on her book and thinks she’ll have finished it by Friday.
2. —Tony, why are your eyes red
—I (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.
3. It’s said that they (enjoy) a better life ever since they got married.
4. —You look tired out. What are you doing
—I (paint) the house all the morning and it’s a pity that I have to keep on until it is finished.
5. —Where is Peter I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and (write) his essay there ever since.
6. —Nancy doesn’t look very well. What’s wrong with her
—She has a terrible headache because she (work) too long. She should stop to have a good rest.
7. I (learn) English since five years ago.
8. —I’m sure Tom will win the first prize in the final.
—I think so. He (prepare) it for months.
9. We (work) on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
10. —I have got a headache.
—No wonder. You (work) in front of that computer too long.
答案：1. has been working 2. have been cutting
3. have been enjoying 4. have been painting
5. has been writing 6. has been working
7. have been learning 8. has been preparing
9. have been working 10. have been working
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 我已寄出了一打贺卡,可一张也没收到。
I _______ _______ _______ _______ _______, but received none.
2. 自12月初开始,我一直在寄贺卡。
I _______ _______ _______ _______ since early December.
3. 汤姆在过去的三个月里每晚都在图书馆工作。
Tom _______ _______ _______ in the library every night over the last three months.
4. 五年来你一直在说你能成功。
You _______ _______ _______ you can succeed for five years.
5. 这个月我一直在游览中国的一些城市。
I _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ of China this month.
答案：
1. have posted a dozen cards
2. have been posting cards
3. has been working
4. have been saying
5. have been visiting some cities
[提升测评]
Ⅲ. 语法填空
Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only visit 1. once or twice a year.Millions of Chinese leave the countryside 2. (search) for work in the cities. Among these is Hua Xing. He 3. (live) in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. With a hard job 4. a factory, he seldom visits his hometown. “I haven’t been back for three years. It’s 5. (shame),”he says. 6. _______
(develop) have been good in Hua Xing’s hometown since 2002. For example, new roads 7. (appear). A new school 8. ________
(build). However, some things will never change in his hometown. The big old tree is still beside the playground. Children in his time 9. _______
(usual) liked to play together under it. It was 10. a happy childhood.
1. 解析：此处代指名词their hometown,故用代词it。
答案：it
2. 解析：数百万的中国人离开农村去城市里寻找工作。此处表示目的,故用to search。
答案：to search
3. 解析：根据时间状语“for the last 13 years”可知,此处应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
答案：has lived/has been living
4. 解析：因为他在工厂里的工作很繁重,所以他很少回家乡。in a factory在工厂里。
答案：in
5. 解析：is后跟形容词作表语,表示主语的状态,故此处用shame的形容词shameful。
答案：shameful
6. 解析：空处是句子的主语,因为谓语为have been,主语应该用develop的名词的复数形式Developments。
答案：Developments
7. 解析：本句举例说明家乡的变化,承接上文,故用现在完成时。
答案：have appeared
8. 解析：根据句意可知,此处应该用现在完成时的被动语态,表示“新学校被建”。
答案：has been built
9. 解析：在他那个时候的孩子们经常喜欢在树下一起玩。空处修饰动词play,故用副词usually。
答案：usually
10. 解析：此处表示“如此快乐的一个童年”,应用such。
答案：such
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
When I was about twelve,I headed to a restaurant for dinner with my family. It was winter, and on that night the wind was really blowing hard.
As my mum and I headed to the restaurant from our car, a girl about my age and her mother came up to us. They asked if we had any spare change(零钱). My mum right away asked where they lived. They pointed to an old car in a parking lot across the street. The girl said there were six of them living in that car.
My mum said she had something to do after handing the people a few dollars. She sent me inside the restaurant with my dad and my three siblings(兄弟姐妹). But she didn’t come. Later, I found out she had gone home and put all the food in our cupboards(橱柜) into a few bags. Then, she brought that food over to the car and handed the bags to the family. I wasn’t there when that happened, but I can only imagine the joy it brought to those people. A few days later, when I actually found out about what she had done, I asked her why she helped those people. She told me that they were not lucky. I remembered the face of that girl who had asked us for change. She was the same age as me, yet we looked so different.
Here I stood, dressed in almost new clothes,headed to eat in a restaurant and then went back home to the bedroom I shared with my younger sister. I remembered thinking the other girl didn’t have any food to eat and that she was heading back to a cold car shared with five other people.
After painting this picture in my mind,I understood why my mum had done what she did. I will never forget what she did that night, and how she taught me one of the best lessons I have ever learned.
1. What can we know about the author’s mother from the passage
A. She is humorous. B. She is determined.
C. She is kind-hearted. D. She is selfish.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“Later, I found out she had gone home and put all the food in our cupboards into a few bags. Then, she brought that food over to the car and handed the bags to the family.”可推测,作者的妈妈是一个非常善良的(kind-hearted)人。故选C。
答案：C
2. What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. The poor family had no place to live.
B. The poor girl was older than the author.
C. The author’s mother didn’t know how to cook.
D. The poor girl lived near the restaurant.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“As my mum and I headed to the restaurant from our car, a girl ... They pointed to an old car in a parking lot across the street.”可知,小女孩和家人住在离餐馆不远的地方。故选D。
答案：D
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. It was a winter morning when the story happened.
B. There were six people in the author’s family.
C. A few months later the author found out what her mother had done.
D. The author couldn’t understand what her mother did.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“She sent me inside the restaurant with my dad and my three siblings.”可知,作者的家人包括爸爸、妈妈和其他三个兄妹,即六口人。故选B。
答案：B
4. What would be the best title for the passage
A. How to Support a Poor Family
B. A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed
C. The Hard Life of a Little Girl’s Family
D. A Lesson in Kindness from My Mum
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容,尤其是最后一段的“I will never forget what she did that night, and how she taught me one of the best lessons I have ever learned.”可知,本文主要讲述了作者的妈妈通过自己的行为教会了作者善良。D项“从妈妈那儿学到的善良的一课”可以作为本文的标题,故选D。
答案：D
B
Only a few people in Toronto have the luck to live within walking distance from their workplace. For the rest of us, commuting(上下班往返) is a rather unpleasant daily necessity.
So how do you avoid a traffic jam in Toronto You can do it in the old way and listen to one of the radio stations that give regular updates on the traffic situation in Toronto’s streets. Seeing the big picture of Toronto’s traffic and knowing when and where heavy traffic occurs is a must. From my own experience, there are situations where a quick decision can help you make it in time for an event or a meeting. That’s why we prepared three short videos showing the overall traffic situation in Toronto from dawn till dusk. You can click them and watch.
With the help of Google Maps, where you can watch the live traffic density all over the world and average traffic data based on past conditions, we are able to provide you with traffic maps for a typical(平常的) Friday.
Friday traffic in Toronto is quite fast in the early morning, with only a few hot spots showing up at the major junctions(交叉点) at 7:00 a.m. The morning traffic jam starts light at 7:30 and the traffic gradually slows down to reach a breaking point at 8:30. The roads are quite free afterwards, only Allen Road is likely to be jammed around lunchtime from 11:30 a.m. to 12:00. It comes as no surprise that Friday afternoon brings heavy traffic as early as 1:30 p.m., mainly on the Don Valley Parkway. You won’t have a good time getting away from the city from 4:00 p.m. to 6:30 p.m., as there is a good chance to get caught in a traffic jam. The traffic in Toronto is quite heavy on a Friday night. I hope you will have a nice Friday night in the city and a safe journey home this Friday!
5. According to paragraph 2, when you are in a traffic jam, what should you do
A. Do nothing but to wait patiently.
B. Report your situation to a radio station.
C. Make a quick decision and find another way to go.
D. Relax and enjoy some good radio programmes.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知,看多伦多交通的整体情况,知道什么时候、在哪儿交通拥堵是必须的。遇上交通拥堵快速做出决定可以让你及时赶上活动或会议。即遇上交通拥堵应该做出快速决定,选择另外的路。故选C。
答案：C
6. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. What the traffic in Toronto is like for a typical Friday.
B. How to avoid heavy traffic on Friday.
C. Why the traffic is terrible on Friday.
D. What Google Maps can do for us.
解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知,多伦多周五的交通在清晨很顺畅,在晚上很拥挤。本段主要介绍了多伦多周五的交通状况。故选A。
答案：A
7. Where is this passage taken from
A. A TV programme. B. A radio programme.
C. A travel booklet. D. A website.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“You can click them and watch.”可推测,本文很有可能出现在一个网站上。故选D。
答案：D
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