Section Ⅴ Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词
1. James didn’t feel well recently and had a medical (检查) in the nearest hospital.
2. We shouldn’t be (悲观的) about the future.
3. Whoever provides useful information to catch the robber will be
(奖赏) by the police.
4. They were charged with (打扰) the public peace.
5. After an hour’s walk, he got (使恢复精力) with a glass of iced tea.
6. It is reported that millions of people die as a result of smoking
(香烟) every year.
7. As we all know, having an enthusiastic and (充满活力的) personality is important.
8. The folk song (作曲) by a famous musician 10 years ago is still popular with teenagers.
9. Studying online at home requires a great deal of (自制力).
10. When the old man got up suddenly, he felt (头晕目眩的).
答案：1. examination 2. pessimistic 3. rewarded
4. disturbing 5. refreshed 6. cigarettes
7. dynamic 8. composed 9. discipline 10. dizzy
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
in response to, stress out, rely on, worn out, decide on, shave off,be composed of, make up one’s mind, straight away, prevent ... from
1. “Have you a date for your travelling abroad ” the girl’s mother asked.
2. You shouldn’t always just the Internet for research. You can make some practical research.
3. Once he has , nothing can change it.
4. The doctor the patient’s hair to treat the injury on his head.
5. The government took effective measures the increasing unemployment problem.
6. Hearing the news, he phoned his parents .
7. With so many tasks to complete, he felt .
8. After a day of climbing, they were .
9. It is said that the medical team six doctors and twenty nurses.
10. Something must be done to the virus spreading around the world.
答案：1. decided on 2. rely on 3. made up his mind 4. shaved off
5. in response to 6. straight away 7. stressed out 8. worn out
9. is composed of 10. prevent from
Ⅲ. 句式仿写
1. These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
句式:连词+done ...
仿写:这种药如果服用不当对人的身体危害极大。
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2. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change.
句式:be+adj.(easy/hard ...)+to do
仿写:早晨的空气呼吸起来很舒适。
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3. After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.
句式:it is+adj.(+for sb)+to do
仿写:你有必要好好休息一下,这会为你提供足够的精力。
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4. Some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.
句式:which引导的非限制性定语从句
仿写:首先,展览的主题是环境保护,这不仅有意义,而且也很有趣。
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5. It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving my health and increasing my happiness.
句式:动词-ing形式作状语
仿写:在世界地球日到来之前,我们学校张贴了海报,呼吁我们参加一个绿色地球的行动。
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答案：
1. This medicine, if not taken properly, is very harmful to one’s body.
2. The air in the morning is pleasant to breathe.
3. It’s necessary for you to take a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you.
4. To begin with, the theme of the show is Environmental Protection, which is not only meaningful but also interesting.
5. Before the World Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling on us to join in an action for a green earth.
Ⅳ. 语法专练
1. 我个人认为,珍视我们现在拥有的是非常重要的。
Personally, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ what we have at present.
2. 众所周知,早睡早起是个好习惯。
As we all know, ________ ________ ________ ________ and ________ ________ ________ is a good habit.
3. 再也没有什么比保持健康更珍贵了。
Nothing is more precious than ________ ________.
4. 今天下午你方便来机场接我吗
Will it be convenient ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ at the airport this afternoon
5. 他认为为旅行制订一个好的计划是必要的。
He thinks that it is necessary ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ for the trip.
答案：
1. it is very important to treasure
2. going to bed early getting up early
3. keeping fit/healthy
4. for you to pick me up
5. to make a good plan
[提升测评]
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
A
Feeling achy and feverish Your misery has plenty of company. By the end of December, the tally(记录) of flu-like illnesses in the state exceeded the peaks in the two previous seasons, when the biggest number of cases occurred in February and March. This time, the flu virus seems to be hitting even harder.
Flu is unique among human diseases. It circulates constantly in cool and dry areas. Because it spreads from person to person and can be picked up easily, nearly everyone is exposed. While it’s unclear whether the annual flu epidemic(流行病) will worsen this year, or just arrived earlier, fears have been increased by the severity of flu in Australia during its most recent season and the fact that the vaccine may protect against the predominant(盛行的) kind of the flu only 30 percent of the time.
Despite the worries, doctors and public health officials say there is no evidence that people are getting sicker than usual. Flu cases in Massachusetts started rising around Thanksgiving and increased steadily, with an especially steep climb in the last week of the year. “This is a bad flu season but not a horrible one,”said Dr Andrew G. Villanueva, a lung specialist and chief quality officer at the Lahey Hospital & Medical Centre in Burlington.
“The flu season, while clearly in full swing, doesn’t‘feel different’ from previous years,” Villanueva said. “We’re not seeing a lot of people being hospitalised because of flu,”he said.“Most people with the flu recover on their own without medical care.”
1. What’s the function of the first paragraph
A. A lead-in. B. A comment.
C. A summary. D. A background.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,流感患者人数达到高峰,这次似乎更加凶猛。据此下文展开了关于此次流感的分析并介绍了专家的一些评论。故第一段是文章的导入部分,选A。
答案：A
2. What can be learned about the flu of this year according to the passage
A. The outbreak of the flu of this year doesn’t seem different from previous years.
B. The flu has arrived earlier than before.
C. The vaccine against the flu is highly effective.
D. Everyone feels horrible at the mention of the flu.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,这次的流感季与前几年没有感到任何不同。我们没有看到很多人因为流感住院。多数得了流感的人没有接受医疗护理就自己康复了。故选A。
答案：A
3. What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 mean
A. Crowded. B. Changeable. C. Permanent. D. Active.
解析：词义猜测题。根据上一段中的“This is a bad flu season but not a horrible one”可知,这是一个糟糕的流感季,但并不可怕,再结合画线词后的“doesn’t ‘feel different’ from previous years”可知,流感虽然明显处于高发期,但感觉与往年没有什么不同,由此可知画线短语的意思为“活跃的”,故选D。
答案：D
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To explain what flu is.
B. To rid people of flu panic.
C. To warn readers of how serious the flu is.
D. To inform readers how to prevent the flu.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,专家说今年的流感与往年没什么不同,没有很多人因流感而住院,大多数流感患者可自行康复,由此可知,这篇文章的目的是消除人们对流感的恐慌,故选B。
答案：B
B
Sleep is essential for a person’s well-being. Researchers have found that sleep loss increases a person’s risk of developing serious medical conditions. Now, a new study has found that getting enough sleep is also the key to improving academic performance.
Jeffrey Grossman, who led the research, was not trying to find the correlation(相关性) between sleep and grades when he handed out Fitbits to the students in his class. Instead, the professor hoped the popular wrist-worn electronic device(装置), which tracks a person’s activity 24/7, would show a connection between physical exercise and academic achievement.
As part of the research, a quarter of the participants chose a fitness class specially created for the study. After the school term ended, the researchers carefully analysed the data. Much to Grossman’s surprise, they found no measurable difference in test performance between the group that had been physically active and the group that had not.
However, the study presented a surprising viewpoint in the journal Science of Learning. Going through the large amount of data, Grossman noticed an interesting trend(趋势) from the participants’ sleep patterns. There was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep and his/her grade on the exams.
Besides, it was not enough for students to just head to bed early the night before a test. Grossman says, “We’ve heard the phrase‘Get a good night’s sleep. You’ve got a big day tomorrow.’It turns out this does not relate at all to test performance. Instead, it’s the sleep you get during the days when learning is happening that matters most.”
The time when students went to bed each night was similarly important. Those who went to bed in the early hours of the morning performed poorly, even if the total sleep time was the same as a higher-performing student.
The research does not prove that sleep is the only component that helps improve academic performance. However, Grossman says the results are a strong indication that sleep really matters. Who knew getting A’s just required some extra zzz’s
5. What’s Grossman’s original purpose by using Fitbits in the research
A. To improve students’ sleep patterns.
B. To regulate students’ daily behaviour.
C. To monitor students’ physical condition.
D. To find effects of physical exercise on grades.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Instead, the professor hoped the popular wrist-worn electronic device, which tracks a person’s activity 24/7, would show a connection between physical exercise and academic achievement.”可知,这位教授最初希望这款腕式电子装置能够显示出体育锻炼和学习成绩之间的联系。故选D。
答案：D
6. What did Grossman think of the research result
A. It was unexpected. B. It was changeable.
C. It was unreliable. D. It was fruitless.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Much to Grossman’s surprise, they found no measurable difference in test performance between the group that had been physically active and the group that had not.”可知,令Grossman大为惊讶的是,他们发现,在运动组和非运动组之间,测试成绩并没有显著的差异。Grossman认为研究结果是出乎意料的。故选A。
答案：A
7. What plays a more important part in test performance
A. Sleep in the learning stage.
B. The average amount of sleep during tests.
C. Sleep quality the night before a test.
D. A regular bedtime.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“It turns out this does not relate at all to test performance. Instead, it’s the sleep you get during the days when learning is happening that matters most.”可知,在学习阶段的睡眠在考试成绩中起着更重要的作用。故选A。
答案：A
8. What would be the best title for the passage
A. Be Physically Active and Sleep More
B. Enough Sleep Benefits Our Well-being
C. Catch Zzz’s for Good Test Performance
D. The More Exercise, the Better Schoolwork
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段可知,睡眠对一个人的健康至关重要。研究人员发现,睡眠不足会增加一个人患上严重疾病的风险。现在,一项新的研究发现,充足的睡眠也是提高学习成绩的关键。因此睡眠不仅对人的身体有好处,充足的睡眠也是提高学习成绩的关键。故选C。
答案：C
C
When it comes to helping students learn and mature, there are several ways to increase their well-being. Although your children may be succeeding in the classroom, there are a few things that you still can do.
Encouraging physical activity is the first thing you can do. More and more children do not participate in sports after school. It’s important for you to encourage mobility with sports played after class. You should find sports equipment, basketball courts and play areas where kids can increase their well-being. 9.
Secondly, you can provide proper nutrition for your children. It’s important for your children to receive proper nutrition both inside and outside of the home. 10. You’d better make it a point to provide enough nutrition for their proper development and growth.
11. Many parents fail to stop children from using smartphones and computers. There are some institutions that even encourage too much screen time as a way to teach children or keep them entertained. You should help the children remain excited without sitting in front of a screen throughout the day.
Last but not least, monitoring bullying(欺凌) is also an essential part. Bullying continues to remain a common problem in some schools, making it important that the environment that your children grow in holds a high standard. 12.
It’s important to examine the school life as a whole to determine what factors are missing. 13. You may determine how well they adjust to the world around them and succeed in life.
A. You should provide kids with fresh food.
B. Besides, you’d better limit their screen time.
C. It will encourage children to focus on their study.
D. In addition, try your best to give them more freedom.
E. This will reduce the risk of health conditions that include obesity.
F. You can advise teachers to keep a practice of looking for bullying.
G. Parents play a significant role in children’s growth and well-being.
9. 解析：上文提示“你应该找到运动器材、篮球场和玩耍的地方,在那里孩子们可以提高他们的幸福感”,为承接上文,E项“这将降低包括肥胖在内的健康状况的风险”切题。故选E。
答案：E
10. 解析：上文提示“让你的孩子在家庭内外都得到适当的营养是很重要的”,再根据下文提示“你最好注意为他们的正常发育和成长提供足够的营养”,A项“你应该给孩子们提供新鲜的食物”承接上下文切题。故选A。
答案：A
11. 解析：下文提示“许多家长未能阻止孩子使用智能手机和电脑”,B项“此外,你最好限制他们使用电子设备的时间”承接下文,切题。该项中的Besides呼应了上文的Secondly。故选B。
答案：B
12. 解析：上文提示“在一些学校里,欺凌仍然是一个普遍的问题,这使得你的孩子成长的环境保持高标准变得很重要”,F项“你可以建议老师坚持关注欺凌”承接上文,切题。故选F。
答案：F
13. 解析：上文提示“从整体来研究学校生活是重要的,以确定哪些因素是缺失的”,再根据下文“你可以决定他们如何适应周围的世界,在生活中取得成功”,可知G项“父母在孩子的成长和幸福感方面发挥着重要的作用”切题。故选G。
答案：G
Ⅵ. 完形填空
On October 13, a small plane flying to Chile accidentally crashed into a mountain in the Andes. How some of the passengers 1 to live is one of the greatest survival stories ever told.
The survivors stayed inside the remains of the plane, using seat covers for blankets, and waited for a 2 that never came. Days turned into weeks. It was urgent to find a way to 3 . Three of the passengers—Canessa, Parrado, and Vizintin volunteered to 4
through the mountains to search for help. When they left, each man wore similar clothes: three pairs of socks, a plastic bag 5 each foot to keep the water out, boots, four pairs of trousers and four sweaters. Many of the clothes came from those who died in the crash. The three men
6 that they would survive and bring back help.
For part of the first day, they were glad to make some 7 . But as the land and weather changed, climbing became 8 . After several days, they reached what they thought was the top. They had imagined this moment for days. On the other side of the top, they hoped, would be a valley leading down and out of the mountains. However, they saw the same snow-covered tops. All hope wasn’t 9 . Although they were still in the middle of the mountains, Parrado 10 two low tops far away that didn’t have snow. If they got there, they would be out of the Andes.
Within the following days, they walked towards the two low tops. Little by little, the landscape began to change. Snow 11 completely, and flowers were everywhere. “This is the valley,” Canessa said. “This is the way out.” Then things of humanity started to appear—a few cans on the ground, some farm animals in a field. By December 21, the extremely 12 men made it to the town of Los Maitenes, and a rescue team was sent immediately to search for the survivors who were still high in the Andes.
Finally all of the remaining survivors were 13 . The memories of the crash in the Andes would be with them forever, but for now, their terrible 14 was over. They had made it out— 15 .
1. A. learned B. expected C. decided D. managed
解析：一些乘客是如何设法幸存下来,这是史上最伟大的求生故事之一。learn学会;expect期待;decide 决定;manage设法,管理。结合后文“... to live is one of the greatest survival stories ever told”可知故事是关于一些乘客如何设法幸存下来的。manage to do sth“设法做成某事”。故选D。
答案：D
2. A. present B. rescue C. message D. danger
解析：present礼物;rescue救援;message消息;danger危险。结合上文可知飞机失事了,幸存的乘客待在飞机残骸里等待救援。故选B。
答案：B
3. A. prepare B. continue C. escape D. develop
解析：急需找到逃生的办法。prepare准备;continue 继续;escape逃生,逃跑;develop发展。根据上文“Days turned into weeks.”可知他们等待的时间越来越长,所以急需找到逃生的办法。故选C。
答案：C
4. A. journey B. compare C. measure D. expand
解析：其中三名乘客Canessa、Parrado和Vizintin自愿步行穿越山区寻求帮助。journey旅行;compare比较;measure测量;expand扩张。根据后文“through the mountains to search for help”可知这三名乘客自愿穿越山区寻求帮助。journey此处为动词,表示“旅行,行走”。故选A。
答案：A
5. A. against B. under C. beside D. around
解析：当他们离开的时候,每个人都穿着相似的衣服:三双袜子,每只脚上都裹着一个塑料袋用来防水,靴子,四条裤子和四件毛衣。against倚,靠;under在……下面;beside在……旁边;around围绕。根据后文“each foot to keep the water out”可知他们将塑料袋裹在脚上,以此来防水。故选D。
答案：D
6. A. admitted B. demanded C. informed D. promised
解析：这三个人承诺他们会活下来并带回来帮助。admit承认;demand要求;inform通知;promise 承诺。结合后文“that they would survive and bring back help”可知他们出发前承诺自己会活下来并带回来帮助。故选D。
答案：D
7. A. plans B. efforts C. progress D. suggestions
解析：在第一天的部分时间里,他们很高兴取得了一些进展。plan计划;effort努力;progress进步,进展;suggestion建议。根据上文“they were glad”可知他们取得了一些进展。短语make some progress表示“取得一些进展”。故选C。
答案：C
8. A. tougher B. heavier C. sharper D. narrower
解析：但随着地形和天气的变化,登山变得更加艰难。tougher更艰难的;heavier更重的;sharper更锐利的;narrower更窄的。根据上文“But as the land and weather changed”可知地形和天气的变化让他们求助之行日益困难。but表示与之前“取得进展高兴”形成转折。故选A。
答案：A
9. A. lost B. left C. sent D. kept
解析：并不是失去了所有的希望。lose失去;leave离开;send发送;keep保持。结合后文Parrado发现远处有两个低矮的山顶没有积雪可知,他们还没有完全失去走出去的希望。故选A。
答案：A
10. A. rejected B. counted C. spotted D. mentioned
解析：尽管他们还在山中央,Parrado发现远处有两个低矮的山顶没有积雪。reject拒绝;count计数;spot发现;mention提到。根据后文“two low tops far away that didn’t have snow”可知Parrado发现远处有两个低矮的山顶没有积雪。故选C。
答案：C
11. A. declined B. froze C. spread D. disappeared
解析：雪完全消失了,到处都是鲜花。decline下降;freeze冻结;spread传播;disappear消失。根据后文“completely, and flowers were everywhere”可知积雪完全消失了,到处都是鲜花。故选D。
答案：D
12. A. frightened B. disappointed C. tired D. puzzled
解析：到12月21日,这些极度疲惫的人到达了Los Maitenes镇,一个救援队立即被派去搜寻仍然在安第斯山脉高处的幸存者。frightened害怕的;disappointed 失望的;tired疲惫的;puzzled困惑的。根据第三段内容可知这三位寻找出路的人在山里走了许多天,已经非常疲惫了。故选C。
答案：C
13. A. listed B. saved C. picked D. treated
解析：最后所有剩下的幸存者都得救了。list列出;save拯救;pick挑选;treat对待。上文提到了救援队去搜寻幸存者,结合上文“Finally all of the remaining survivors were”可知所有的幸存者都得救了。故选B。
答案：B
14. A. performance B. experience C. challenge D. exploration
解析：在安第斯山脉飞机坠毁的记忆将永远伴随着他们,但现在,他们可怕的经历已经结束了。performance表现;experience经历;challenge挑战;exploration探索。这一次在安第斯山脉中的飞机坠毁事件对这些乘客来说是一次可怕的经历。故选B。
答案：B
15. A. alive B. cool C. free D. crazy
解析：他们活着出来了。alive活着的;cool凉爽的;free自由的;crazy疯狂的。虽然艰难,但是这些乘客都活着从山里出来了。故选A。
答案：A
PAGESection Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. No matter how great efforts I make, it is not easy for me ___________
(understand) the lessons given in English.
2. (read) is to our mind what exercise is to our body.
3. As we all know, (have) a healthy lifestyle is of great importance.
4. (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
5. (complete) this programme needs much effort.
6. It’s important for the figures (update) regularly.
7. It was popular (decorate) bridges with sculpted stone lions.
8. “It takes a lot for any student,”Whaley explains,“especially for a student who (learn) English as their new language, _________
(feel) confident enough to say, ‘I don’t know, but I want to know.’”
答案：1. to understand 2. Reading 3. to have
4. Ignoring 5. To complete/Completing
6. to be updated 7. to decorate
8. is learning to feel
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. (参加) such a big event would be a great honour.
2. I don’t think that it is possible (掌握) a foreign language without a good memory.
3. is our duty (保护环境).
4. It is very kind (你帮助我学习英语).
5. is very important (我们把一切准备好).
6. (如何阻止他们在河里游泳) in this river is a problem.
7. is not good (抽这么多烟对你有害).
8. On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take (到那儿).
答案：1. To take part in/Taking part in
2. to master
3. It to protect the environment
4. of you to help me with my English
5. It for us to get everything ready
6. How to prevent them from swimming
7. It for you to smoke so much
8. to get there
Ⅲ. 句型转换
1. Jenny was so kind that she moved the stone out of the way.
was kind Jenny the stone out of the way.
2. He thought that it was impossible for us to finish such a task in the given time.
He thought impossible for us such a task in the given time.
3. What we will do next isn’t known to us all.
Isn’t known to us all.
4. To acquire some basic knowledge about computer is necessary.
to acquire some basic knowledge about computer.
5. Adam felt honoured to be appointed captain of the school basketball team.
for Adam captain of the school basketball team.
答案：1. It of to move 2. it to finish
3. What to do next 4. It is necessary
5. It was an honour to be appointed
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 语法填空
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. It is a great honour for me 1. (invite) to introduce this English speech competition. As we all know, 2. (master) a foreign language is very important for us. 3. _(take) part in English speeches is a helpful way 4. ______
(learn) English. Everyone wants to show their best. When we have been 5. (prepare) for them, we can improve our listening and speaking ability, 6. (develop) a good habit of learning English. In the process of the competition, you should pay attention to the rules. First, you should make your voice 7. (hear)clearly by everyone, so 8. (speak) loudly is very necessary and helpful. Second, you should try your best 9. (express) yourself in English fluently. Finally, you should finish your speech in five minutes.
I am sure the English speech competition will be a great success and the audience will feel 10. (satisfy) with our performance. Thank you!
答案：1. to be invited 2. to master 3. Taking
4. to learn 5. preparing 6. developing 7. heard
8. speaking 9. to express 10. satisfied
Ⅴ. 完形填空
A person should eat right, and get some exercise, or he or she will look terrible in 25 years. And if the person drinks and smokes Even
1 . That’s the message from Blue Cross Blue Shield. The instrument, called “Future You”, uses a digital camera and computer to compare a person’s current image with his or her future 2 without changes in bad habits.
“Smoking can 3 your skin,” said Anna, a creative operation manager. “You can see what the results of the toxins(毒素) and the chemicals in 4 are.” Along with the potentially 5 sight of one’s older self, “Future You” offers science-based advice on what to eat, how much to exercise and other ways to 6 your health. But will it work Too 7 to tell was the verdict(意见) of Anna. “I want to see some data!” she said. Generally, Anna said, men show 8 concern about their appearance than women. “Women say,‘That looks like my
9 on the screen,’” she said. “Men are more likely to say, ‘Yeah, go ahead. Put it on Facebook.’” The project was raised more than a year ago to improve the overall(总体的) health of the people who are 10
of this company. In addition, the growth in the ranks of 11 customers would bring down the overall cost of health care. In coming weeks, two new ones will be 12 in locations such as the American Tobacco Campus and the Museum of Natural Science. If users agree,their information will be stored as secrets without names to create a database of good and bad 13 .
The process is free and the response is not bad, at least according to Valencia Robertson, one of a line of people who waited to 14 the instrument on Thursday. “I’m good,” Robertson said after 15 her future image. “It’s not going to be a big difference.”
1. A. easier B. happier C. bitter D. worse
解析：人应该吃正确的食物,适当锻炼,否则25年后相貌看起来会很难看。如果吸烟或喝酒的话那就更糟了。even worse甚至更糟糕。故选D。
答案：D
2. A. wealth B. character C. appearance D. education
解析：根据上文“... compare a person’s current image with ...”可知,这里是指将现在的和未来的外表进行比较。wealth财富;character性格;appearance外表;education教育。故选C。
答案：C
3. A. reflect B. bother C. ruin D. affect
解析：吸烟会影响你的皮肤。reflect反映,反射;bother使烦恼,打扰;ruin毁坏,破坏;affect影响。故选D。
答案：D
4. A. cigarettes B. beers C. medicines D. foods
解析：你可以看到烟里的毒素和化学物质会导致什么结果。故选A。
答案：A
5. A. confusing B. convincing C. depressing D. exciting
解析：根据下文“one’s older self”可知,看到自己老了以后的形象会感到沮丧。confusing不清楚的;convincing令人信服的;depressing令人沮丧的;exciting使人兴奋的。故选C。
答案：C
6. A. break B. damage C. improve D. change
解析：通过提供饮食、运动以及其他方面的科学建议来改善健康。break(使)破,裂,打断;damage损害,破坏;improve改善;change改变。故选C。
答案：C
7. A. possible B. natural C. early D. clear
解析：根据下文“I want to see some data!”可知,要判断仪器的效果现在还太早。possible可能的;natural自然的;early早的;clear清楚的,明白的。故选C。
答案：C
8. A. deeper B. less C. higher D. stronger
解析：根据下文“Yeah, go ahead. Put it on Facebook.”可知,男人不像女人那样关心自己的外貌。故选B。
答案：B
9. A. son B. father C. daughter D. mum
解析：女人说:“屏幕上的那个像我的妈妈。” 故选D。
答案：D
10. A. customers B. managers
C. secretaries D. cleaners
解析：根据下文customers可知,这里指的是顾客。customer顾客;manager管理者;secretary秘书;cleaner清洁工。故选A。
答案：A
11. A. cautious B. smart
C. careless D. generous
解析：根据下文“... customers would bring down the overall cost of health care.”可知,这样的顾客增长将会使整体的医疗费用降低。由此可推知,顾客是精明的。cautious谨慎的;smart精明的;careless粗心的;generous慷慨的。故选B。
答案：B
12. A. showing up B. thought out
C. sold out D. dying out
解析：在接下来的几周,两款新式的仪器将会出现。show up出现;think out想出;sell out售完;die out灭绝。故选A。
答案：A
13. A. habits B. choices C. methods D. plans
解析：……建立一个好习惯和坏习惯的数据库。故选A。
答案：A
14. A. repair B. sell C. try D. buy
解析：一位排队等候试用这款仪器的消费者。repair维修;sell出售;try试用;buy买。故选C。
答案：C
15. A. drawing B. viewing
C. picturing D. imaging
解析：根据上文“I’m good”以及下文“It’s not going to be a big difference.”可推知,Robertson是看过自己未来形象之后说这些话的。draw画;view看,观看;picture想象,描绘;image想象。故选B。
答案：B
PAGE(共56张PPT)
UNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
本单元的主题是“人与自我”主题下的健康的生活方式。整个单元围绕健康生活展开,探讨了习惯养成的步骤、如何摒弃恶习、养成健康的生活方式、如何做出健康的选择以及做健康调查等。本单元各板块的活动主题如下:
语篇类型 1. 说明文:“HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE”。 2. 应用文:书信(Letters to the Editor)。 3. 记叙文:“MY EXPERIENCES WITH COMPUTER GAMES”。 4. 其他类型:图片、音频、视频等
语言知识 主题词汇 不良生活方式: tobacco alcohol abuse liberation cigarette drug sugary
身心健康: physical psychology examine negative pessimistic pill surgeon surgery specialist consultant dizzy flu dentist nut stress out worn out refresh
体育娱乐: compose be composed of skip skateboard dynamic bowling comedy
习惯养成: repeatedly cue in response to reward rely on straight away monthly
心理活动: dominate facilitate discipline decide on make up one’s mind disturb stimulate enhance absorb
语法 动词不定式作主语
语篇 书信的常见文体结构和语言特色
语言知识 语用 寻求和提出建议:
My problem is ... I think/believe you should ...
I’m having problems with ... So, why don’t you ...
I cannot stop ... Well, have you thought about ...
Please give me some advice about ... In my opinion, ...
接受和拒绝建议:
Sure, I’ll do that. Sorry, but I ...
That’s a good idea! I’d like/love to ..., but ...
That’s just what I need! That’s a good idea, but ...
Lovely! Thank you for telling me, but ...
Great! It’s a nice thought, but ...
Terrific idea! I cannot ... because ...
文化知识 关注健康问题,认识到抽烟等不良生活方式的危害性,养成健康的生活方式
语言技能 1. 在听的过程中能够区分观点与事实,更好地理解听力内容; 2. 能够口头建议如何改掉坏习惯; 3. 能够通过寻找中心句掌握段落大意,理清文章结构脉络,抓住文章大意; 4. 能够给编辑写一封书信,讲述自己想改变的一种生活方式; 5. 能够通过看相关视频,在学习语言的同时探索健康生活方式
学习策略 1. 能够根据健康生活方式与摒弃恶习的文化信息,归纳概括段落大意并进行复述; 2. 将本单元所学的知识运用到写作中并进行反思评价
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking (1)
1. 通过阅读,了解养成好习惯以及摒弃恶习的方法;通过寻找中心句掌握段落大意,进而抓住文章大意。
2. 通过阅读课文,理解说理性文本的文体特征和语言特点,关注作者对说理文本的构建模式。
3. 联系自己的经历,使用本课所学词汇,描述自己的生活习惯,探讨健康的生活方式。
Ⅰ. 在括号里写出黑体单词在句中的含义
1. The school rewarded( ) her with a prize for excellence in her studies.
2. The young man was seriously injured and doctors were pessimistic( ) about his chance of making a full recovery.
3. With the development of science and technology, the Internet and computers can be used to facilitate( ) language learning.
4. Some students have a negative( ) attitude to online learning and spend little time on it.
5. This school is under good discipline( ) and students are studying in a friendly and harmonious atmosphere.
6. They had the ambition to dominate( ) this small country.
7. To stop white pollution, many cities ban the abuse( ) of plastic bags.
8. The doctor examined( ) her teeth carefully and advised her not to eat candy.
9. He drank too much, so one possibility was that he died from alcohol( ) poisoning.
10. The doctor suggested that he should take three pills( ) a day to cure his cough.
答案:1. 奖励 2. 悲观的 3. 使便利 4. 消极的 5. 纪律
6. 控制 7. 滥用 8. 检查 9. 酒精 10. 药片
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示补全短语
1. rely 依赖;依靠;信赖
2. straight 立即;马上
3. on 决定;选定
4. in 作为奖赏;作为报答
5. make ________ ________ 做决定
6. a healthy lifestyle 养成健康的生活方式
7. in ________ ________ 回答;答复
答案:1. on 2. away 3. decide 4. reward
5. a decision 6. form 7. response to
Ⅲ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词
1. He was advised to take three (药片) a day to recover from the injury.
2. You can’t learn anything with a (消极的) attitude.
3. They (奖赏) the winners with gifts of flowers.
4. It is required that anyone who travels by air should have their packages (检查) before boarding.
5. I’ve (自我控制) myself to do exercise every day.
6. It has been proved that (悲观的) thoughts are harmful to people’s health.
7. He alleged that he was verbally (辱骂) by others.
8. Modern technology (使便利) our daily life.
9. Alcoholic drinks and (烟草) are taxed heavily in their country.
10. Sport, though important, should not (支配) our schools.
答案:1. pills 2. negative 3. rewarded
4. examined 5. disciplined 6. pessimistic
7. abused 8. facilitates 9. tobacco 10. dominate
Ⅳ. 完成句子并背诵
1. 在成长过程中,青少年会变得越来越独立,并且开始自己做决定。
teenagers grow up, they become _______ _______ and start _______ _______ _______ _______.
2. 在这一时期,他们中的一部分人容易养成不良习惯。
During this period, can be easy for some teenagers
_______ _______ _______ _______.
3. 如果任其发展,在他们长大成人后,这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。
These bad habits, _______ _______ _______, could _______ _______ more serious ones when they become adults.
4. 防止此类有害习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。
_______ _______ harmful habits like these _______ _______ a teenager’s life _______ essential.
5. 有句基于亚里士多德哲学的名言:“我们反复做的事情造就了我们。”
There is a famous saying _______ _______ the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are _______ _______ _______ _______.”
6. 这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环,从而形成了依赖不健康零食这一不良习惯。
The reward makes us _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ the cycle, and the bad habit of _______ _______ unhealthy snacks _______ _______.
7. 除了改变不良习惯之外,我们还可以利用习惯循环来养成良好的习惯。
_______ _______ changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle _______ _______ good habits.
8. 事实上,改变不良习惯的最佳方法不是一蹴而就,而是需要一段时间。
In fact, the most successful way _______ _______ is not suddenly, but _______ a period of time.
答案:
1. As more independent making their own decisions
2. it to form bad habits
3. if left unchecked lead to
4. To prevent from dominating is
5. based on what we repeatedly do
6. much more likely to continue relying on
is formed
7. Aside from/Apart from to create
8. to change over
Ⅴ. 背景知识阅读
Nowadays, it is a fashion to eat healthy food, such as organically grown food, and do exercise to keep healthy. In brief, people are trying to live a healthy life. But what should be done to live a healthy life Different people have different ideas. Some say to live a healthy life is to have a strong body. Others think keeping psychologically healthy is very important. In my view, it’s essential to keep physically and psychologically healthy.
To keep physically healthy, you should do sports like running, playing basketball, etc. Today more and more people go to the
fitness centres. There are some popular ways of keeping fit like doing yoga which is a sensation in many cities today. In this way we can have a strong body.
More importantly, to keep psychologically healthy, you should have a good attitude towards people around you. We often say: “Attitude is everything.” It means a good attitude leads to a good mood. In this way we can keep psychologically healthy. We can also turn to some specialists for advice.
What’s a healthy life To be truly healthy, a person must be well in mind, body and spirit.
Activity 1: 学习理解
Step 1: Read the text and answer the following questions.
1. What’s the main idea of each paragraph
para. 1: ___________________________________________
para. 2: ___________________________________________
para. 3: ___________________________________________
para. 4: ___________________________________________
para. 5: ___________________________________________
para. 6: ___________________________________________
寻找中心句掌握段落大意
通过分析篇章结构找出每一段的中心句,通过中心句
梳理出段落大意。段落的中心句通常在开头、中间或结尾(包含在开头和结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的中心句)。因此,仔细阅读段落的开头和结尾是关键。关注举例(for example)之前、转折(but,however)以及表示事实(in fact, actually)之后的句子。有时需要通读全段,进而概括、获取段落大意。
2. What’s the main idea of the text
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(The text is mainly about ...)
答案:
1. para. 1:These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
para. 2: To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.
para. 3:According to modern psychology, we must first learn about the “habit cycle”.
para. 4:To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.
para. 5:In fact, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time.
para. 6:However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that will help you.
2. The text is mainly about how to change bad habits and form habits for a healthy lifestyle.
Step 2: Read the text again and get the details.
1. Why should bad teenage habits be changed
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. How does a choice turn into a habit
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. How does the “habit cycle” work
(1)Cue
It can be an , , or that ________ ________ a signal to do something.
(2)________
It is the ________ action you take ________ ________ ________ the cue.
(2)________
It is the ________ action you take ________ ________ ________ the cue.
(3)________
It is the good thing or ________ we get from the ________. Thus a ________ is formed.
4. How can we change our bad habits
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1. Because these bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
2. We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change.
3. (1)action event situation acts as
(2)Routine regular in response to
(3)Reward feeling routine habit
4. We can first analyse them by using the “habit cycle”. We first find out the cue and change the bad routine into a positive one. Meanwhile, we must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps.
Step 3: Read the text again and answer the following questions.
1. How does the author prove his/her opinion
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Why does the author quote Lao Zi’s words
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1. By giving examples.
2. To show that the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but over a long period of time.
3. There is no “magic pill” to help us to change bad habits, so we must decide on some changes to ensure a happy and healthy lifestyle.
Activity 2: 应用实践
Role-play with your partner. One acts as an adviser and the other acts as a person who has bad habits. He/She wants to change the bad habits and the adviser can ask some questions and give some advice.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:略
Activity 3: 迁移创新
Make a list of your habits and classify them. If they are bad habits, what should you do next Write a short passage and share it with others.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:略
Reading and Thinking (2)
1. 通过观察例句,探究归纳以下词汇和句式的含义与用法: abuse, dominate, reward, facilitate, in response to, rely on, decide on, be+adj.(easy/hard ...)+to do等,并在语境中灵活运用。
2. 运用所学主题词汇及相关句式对课文进行概要写作。
1. abuse
【观察思考】
For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems. (教材第14页)
例如,一些青少年可能吸烟成瘾或酗酒,造成身心健康问题。
He abused his position as manager by giving jobs to his friends.
他滥用经理职权,把工作安排给他的朋友们。
Measures must be taken to stop animal abuse.
必须采取措施禁止虐待动物。
【探究总结】
(1)abuse vt. & n. ; ;________
(2)相关搭配:
①drug abuse
②child abuse
③abuse one’s power ________
答案:(1)滥用 虐待 辱骂
(2)①滥用药物 ②虐待儿童 ③滥用权力
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①Don’t ______ ______ ______(滥用权力).
②The police were trying to rescue ______ ______ ______ (受虐待的妇女) in the remote village.
③______ ______ ______ ______ ______ (滥用塑料袋) is not permitted in that country.
abuse用作名词和动词时发音不同:用作名词时读作/ bju s/;用作动词时读作/ bju z/。
答案:①abuse your power ②the abused women
③The abuse of plastic bags
2. dominate
【观察思考】
To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. (教材第14页)
防止此类有害习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。
It’s one of the biggest buildings in this area, and it really dominates this whole place.
它是该地区最大的建筑物之一,真的俯视整个这片地区。
答案:
(1)支配,控制 俯视,高耸于 占有优势,占据主动
Our team dominated the first half of the match.
我们队在上半场比赛中占据上风。
【探究总结】
(1)dominate v. ; ;
(2)domination n. 统治;控制
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①Anne is very kind, but has a tendency ________ ________ ________ ________(在谈话中占上风).
②The Oriental Pearl Tower(东方明珠塔) ________ ________ ________ ________(俯视整个城市) of Shanghai.
③The (控制) by his brother made John very angry.
答案:①to dominate the conversation
②dominates the whole city
③domination
3. in response to
【观察思考】
Secondly, there is a “routine”, the regular action you take in response to the cue. (教材第14页)
第二是“惯常行为”,即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。
She made no response to my letter.
她没有回复我的信。
I’m afraid she isn’t responding to treatment.
恐怕她对治疗没反应。
He responded that he didn’t agree.
他回复说他不同意。
【探究总结】
(1)response n. 回答;反应
①in response to ________
②______________ 对……没有回复
(2) v. 回答;响应;有反应
①respond 对……做出回答/反应
②respond that 回复说……
答案:(1)①回答;答复 ②make no response to
(2)respond ①to
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①I’m writing ______ ______ ______(回应) the advertisement for a position as a secretary.
②The young man I spoke to ______ ______ ______(没回答).
③He ______(回答) that he knew nothing about it.
答案:①in response to
②made no response
③responded
4. reward
【观察思考】
Thirdly, there is the “reward”, the good thing or feeling we get from the routine. (教材第14页)第三是“回报”,即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。
The old lady is offering a reward of $50 to anyone who finds her cat.
不管是谁找到她的猫,老太太都给50美元奖金。
He received a medal as a reward for his courage.
他得到一枚奖章,作为对他勇气的奖赏。
How will you reward me for my help
你将怎样报答我的帮助呢
He was rewarded with a prize for excellence in his studies.
他因为成绩优秀受到奖励。
【探究总结】
(1)reward n. ;
作为奖赏/回报
(2)reward vt. 奖励;奖赏;给以报酬
①reward sb (doing) sth 为(做)某事而酬谢某人
②reward sb with sth 用某物酬谢某人
③be rewarded 得到……奖赏,被报以……
(3)rewarding adj. 值得的;有意义的
答案:(1)奖励,回报,报酬 赏金 as a reward
(2)①for ③with
【辨析】
reward 通常指用酬金、赏金或一些物质奖励进行报答、酬谢
award 通常指授予或颁发一些奖项、奖品
prize 多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所获得的奖项
【应用实践】
选词填空(reward/award/prize)。
①They have to work very hard for little .
②You will be for your excellent work.
③Waksman was the Nobel Prize.
④His poem won the first in the contest.
答案:①reward
②rewarded
③awarded
④prize
5. rely
【观察思考】
The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed. (教材第15页)
这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环,从而形成了依赖不健康零食这一不良习惯。
I rely on her to pay back the money.
我相信她会还钱的。
Don’t rely on it that he will come to help us.
别指望他来帮助我们。
【探究总结】
(1)rely vi. 依赖;依靠;信赖
(2)相关搭配:
①rely on(=depend on/count on)
②rely on sb 指望某人做某事
③rely on it that ...
④rely on sb/sth for sth 依靠某人/某物获得某物
答案: (2)①依赖;依靠;信赖 ②to do sth
③相信/指望……
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①We ________ ________ ________ (指望) that the situation will become better and better in the coming months.
②You can trust James, for he is a man ________ ________ ________(可依赖).
③Don’t ________ ________ him ________ ________(指望他告诉) us the truth.
答案:①rely on it
②to rely on
③rely on to tell
6. facilitate
【观察思考】
To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. (教材第15页)
为了促进我们不良习惯的积极改变,我们必须首先审视我们的不良习惯循环,然后尝试去改变它们。
Modern inventions facilitate housework.
现代发明便利了家务劳动。
It’s really a significant trade facilitation measure.
这真是一个十分有意义的贸易简易化方法。
The teacher acts as a facilitator of learning.
教师是学习的诱导者。
【探究总结】
(1)facilitate vt. ; ;
(2) n. 便利,简化;助长,促进
(3) n. 诱导者;推进者
答案:(1)促进 促使 使便利
(2)facilitation
(3)facilitator
【应用实践】
用facilitate的适当形式填空。
The old man acts as a of the healthy style and suggests many measures.
答案:facilitator facilitation
7. decide on
【观察思考】
You have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. (教材第15页)
你必须思考自己的不良习惯,选定一些做出改变。
Decide on a day to quit smoking.
选定一个可以戒烟的日子。
What made you decide to change your job
什么原因使你决定换工作
There is no hurry to make a decision.
没有必要匆忙做出决定。
【探究总结】
(1)decide on/upon
(2) sth决定做某事
(3) 做出决定
答案:(1)决定;选定 (2)decide to do
(3)make a decision
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①It’s not right to ________ ________ ________(做出决定) without investigation and study.
②Let’s first decide ________ ________ ________(去哪里度过) the winter holidays.
③Have you ________ ________ ________ ________ (选定日期) for your wedding
答案:①make a decision ②where to spend
③decided on a date
8. be+adj.(easy/hard ...)+to do
【观察思考】
Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change. (教材第14页)
不久之后,这项选择就变得自然而然,成为一种更加难以改变的习惯。
The boss is hard to get along with.
这个老板很难相处。
【探究总结】
(1)常用于该句型的形容词有:easy、 hard、 difficult、 interesting、 important、 pleasant等。
(2)动词不定式与主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时,不定式用_____
形式表达被动含义。
(3)当动词不定式中的动词为不及物动词时,该动词后要加适当的 。
答案:(2)主动
(3)介词
【应用实践】
①James thinks the room isn’t comfortable ________ ________ ________(居住).
②He is easy ________ ________ ________ ________(相处).
答案:①to live in
②to get along/on with
课文概要写作
请根据课文内容写一篇内容概要。(尽可能多地使用本部分的词汇和句式)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
答案:
Teenagers often form bad habits as they grow up. Most of them can be stopped with proper measures. We can first analyse them by using the “habit cycle”. We first find out the cue and change the bad routine into a positive one. Meanwhile, we must show some discipline and take many small steps. There is no “magic pill” to help us, but changing bad habits will ensure we have a happy and healthy life full of good habits.(共14张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Listening and Speaking
1. 通过听谈论人们为什么更容易养成坏习惯的听力文本,了解习惯养成的三个环节(cue、 routine、 reward)以促使自己改掉坏习惯而养成好习惯,提高通过听取信号标志词判断是事实还是观点的听力技能。
2. 通过小组活动,学会寻求和提出建议以及接受和拒绝建议,提高相关话题的口语表达能力。
Ⅰ. 在括号里写出黑体部分在句中的含义
1. Kate, you went shopping again. Don’t you know we have overspent( ) this month
2. You look very tired and sleepy now. You must have stayed up ( ) too late last night.
3. A person may be online ten hours a day, but that doesn’t necessarily mean he/she is an Internet addict( ), unless he/she can’t avoid doing it.
4. Sure, let’s take a look. This is terrific( ). Your ideas are so original.
5. Many people tend to overeat( ) to cope with pressure.
答案:1. 超支;过度花费 2. 熬夜;不睡觉
3. 上网成瘾者;网虫 4. 极好的 5. 过度饱食;暴食
Ⅱ. 给下列问句选择合适的答语
1. My roommate disturbs my rest by phoning for a long time. What should I do ( )
2. What advice do you give me on how to get rid of smoking ( )
3. How can I enlarge my vocabulary ( )
4. Why not take part in a meeting to vote on whether we should carry out the reform or not ( )
5. What if I lose my passport while travelling abroad ( )
6. I want to get along well with my new classmates. Any suggestions
( )
7. What about singing a Chinese folk song together with a guitar ( )
A. I suggest that you should read
more books.
B. That seems a very good idea.
Let’s do that.
C. If I were you, I would tell her
to stop.
D. OK. Sounds like fun.
E. It might be a good idea to join
them in a game.
F. Be determined to decide on a
day to quit. You can do
something else instead of it.
G. You’d better turn to the
consulate for help.
答案:1. C 2. F 3. A 4. B 5. G 6. E 7. D
Ⅲ. 背景知识阅读
Health is far more important than wealth. Good health enables us to enjoy our life and achieve what we hope for in our career. On the contrary, poor health leads to nothing.
How can we keep healthy Here is some advice. Firstly, it is very important for us to take more fruit and vegetables because they provide vitamins and we have to keep a balanced diet. So we should avoid food which is rich in sugar and fat. Secondly, we’d better exercise every day to make our bodies strong. Besides, we have to avoid too much work pressure. Finally, we have to get rid of those bad habits that damage our health, such as drinking and smoking. In short, if we stick to the advice given above, we will have a healthy lifestyle.
Pre-listening: Look and say.
Look at the five pictures on page 18 of the textbook and answer the following questions.
1. What do the five pictures have in common
2. Do you have any of the bad habits If so, how do you plan to stop it
3. Can you list other bad habits besides the five habits
答案:
1. They are all bad habits and can be harmful to health.
2. Yes, overeating. I used to eat too much in the evening, so I was overweight and often out of breath while running. Therefore, I was determined to make a change. Now I limit the amount of my diet and eat more fruit and vegetables. I’ve lost some weight and feel good about myself.
3. Yes. There are other bad habits, such as smoking, being addicted to computer games, eating junk food, skipping breakfast, etc.
While-listening: Listen and write.
1. Listen to the conversation and finish Exercise 2 on page 18 of the textbook.
2. Listen to the conversation again and finish Exercise 3 on page 18 of the textbook.
3. Listen to the conversation a third time and finish the following tasks.
①Write down the signpost words you hear.
_____________________________________________________
②Write down the sentences that express the speaker’s opinion.
_____________________________________________________
③Finish Exercise 4 on page 19 of the textbook.
答案:3. 略
如何在听的过程中区分观点与事实
技巧1:关注信号词语提示
说话者通常使用信号词语来开始表达自己的观点,因此在听的过程中可以通过信号词语快速获取信息。常见的阐述观点的信号词有: I think, I believe, I guess, I suppose, in my opinion, as far as I’m concerned, in my view, as to me, to me等。
技巧2:对比事实
事实是可以被证实的任何事情。事实是客观的,而观点是主观的。举例来说:China has a larger population than any other country in the world. 中国的人口比世界上任何其他国家都多。这是可以得到证实的,这就是事实。
Post-listening: Speak and play.
1. (应用实践)Suppose you have the habit of spending too much time on the Internet. Ask for some advice on how to stop it and make a presentation.
2. (迁移创新)Fill in the blanks according to the situation, and role-play with your partner.
(Situation: Li Hua is having a visit to the doctor.)
D: Hello, Li Hua. What can I do for you today
L: Well. ①________
D: Mmm
L: And I feel tired all the time. The problem is that I’ve got so much work to do, but my head aches and I always feel sleepy.
D: I see. Are you sleeping well
L: No, not really.
D: Mmm, now let me see. You are preparing the College Entrance Exams, aren’t you
L: Yes, that’s right. ②________
D: Well, don’t get upset. We’ll sort it out.
L: I hope so.
D: OK. Well, I have to do some tests to rule out anything physical, but I really think the problem is stress.
L: Stress
D: Yes. How much time do you study each day
L: I don’t know. As much as I can.
D: ③________
L: None at all. I don’t have relaxing time.
D: I know it’s difficult. I remember when I was studying for exams, study seemed more important than anything else. ④________
L: Really
D: Yes. Look, how about this Let me do these tests and then you come back in a few days for the results. ⑤________
L: That’ll be good. Thanks.
D: Not at all. And in the meantime, relax a bit.
L: I’ll try.
A. I ask you for some advice about sleep.
B. And how much time do you spend in relaxing
C. I have got a lot of headaches lately.
D. I’ve got so much to learn but I can’t do it when I’m not feeling
well.
E. You should take a relax.
F. But you will actually do better in your exam if you balance study
and relaxation.
G. If the problem is stress, we can talk about ways to relax and still
get your schoolwork done.
答案:2. ①C ②D ③B ④F ⑤G
下面的两个表达,你知道它们的含义吗 学习一下吧!
①It would be a good idea for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是个好办法(用来委婉地提出建议)。
e.g. It would be a good idea for her to make up a timetable for herself which says when she should study and when she should take time to relax. 对她来说制定个时间表是个好主意,以便告知她何时应该学习,何时应该去放松。
②You may/might as well do sth. 做某事也无妨;倒不如(用虚拟语气表示委婉地提出建议)。
e.g. If you want to drink alcohol, you may as well drink some juice instead. 如果你想喝酒,不妨喝点果汁代替。(共25张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing
给编辑写一封关于你的生活方式的信
1. 通过阅读范文,总结归纳向编辑介绍关于自己生活方式的书信的框架结构和语言特色。
2. 根据情境需要,运用所学知识给编辑写一封关于自己生活方式的信,并与同伴进行交换批改。
下面是一篇写给编辑的关于自己生活方式的信,仔细阅读、总结此类文章的结构并欣赏其语言特点。
回顾本单元及以前学过的关于生活方式的文章,总结一下相关的常用表达。
1. 词汇
健康的生活方式:
不健康的生活方式:
影响与作用:
改变与反思:
2. 句型
引入主题: I’m writing to tell you that ...
介绍与改变: I used to stay up too late ...
收获与愿望: Now I’m energetic/dynamic and willing to ...
答案:
1. 词汇
健康的生活方式:walk, take a walk after supper, go climbing, proper exercise, work out, do sports, relax, proper weight, energetic, a balanced diet, fruit and vegetables, little sugar and salt, healthy food, energy-giving food, body-building food, active attitude, be in a state of good mood
不健康的生活方式:smoking, overeating, overspending, overweight, drinking too much coffee, drinking too much alcohol, Internet addict, game addict, TV addict, stay up too late, not sleeping enough, using a phone too much, upset, depression, stressed out, exhausted, be worn out, drug abuse, obesity, be addicted to cigarettes
影响与作用:rewarding, beneficial, be of great benefit, do sb good, be good for, be useful/helpful for, make a difference to, make sense, affect, have an effect/
influence/impact on, be harmful to, do harm to, do damage to, be bad for, promote, improve, facilitate, dominate, positive, negative, enhance, refresh, lose weight, gain/put on weight
改变与反思:make a change, change, adapt to, adjust, respond, in response to, react, take action, take effective measures to do sth, take enough exercise, keep fit/healthy, be physically and mentally fit/healthy, self-discipline, decide on, make up one’s mind, be determined to do sth, make a choice, can’t help but do sth, have no choice but to do sth, make progress
2. 句型
引入主题: I’m writing to tell you that ...
I’d like to express my thanks for your helpful advice.
I’d love to ask for some tips on how to quit smoking.
Could you give me some advice on how to keep healthy
I find it hard to give it up and feel embarrassed. What should I do
Here are some tips on keeping healthy.
I’m addicted to computer games and can’t get rid of the habit. I’d appreciate it if you could give me some advice.
介绍与改变:I used to stay up too late ...
I have got into the habit of cycling home from school instead of taking a bus.
Though it was difficult to quit, I did finally manage.
I felt that I shouldn’t take the risk of losing my health to drink too much alcohol.
It was only when I was often out of breath while running that I came to realise that I had to make some changes.
As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.
Don’t be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking.
I have a balanced diet and don’t eat the food containing too much sugar and fat.
As a result, I cut down the amount of junk food and sugar.
From then on, I was determined to be on a diet and eat healthily.
What impresses me most is the famous saying, “We are what we eat.”
I spend an hour every day taking enough exercise for the sake of losing weight.
It is necessary to have enough rest for the benefit of your health.
One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.
No matter how busy I am, I make it a rule to take one-hour exercise every day.
I insist on doing morning exercises every day, which has helped me reduce my weight.
收获与愿望:Now I’m energetic/dynamic and willing to ...
I can focus on my study and have made some progress in ...
Nowadays, I’m accustomed to getting up early and doing morning exercises before breakfast.
Let’s form a good and healthy lifestyle and enjoy our life.
I do hope that you will live as long and healthy a life as I have.
I think his long and active life must be due to his healthy lifestyle.
Not only have I adapted myself to the new lifestyle, but I am becoming more and more confident and energetic.
Only when you realise the importance of a healthy lifestyle can you make changes and live happily.
As the famous saying goes, “We are what we eat.” We’d better form a good and balanced diet.
假定你是新华中学的李华,看到某英文报纸举行“健康生活,幸福一生”的征文比赛,请你结合自己的生活体验给该报编辑写一封信,内容包括:
1. 饮食习惯;
2. 心态;
3. 运动锻炼等。
注意:
1. 词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Editor,
I’m Li Hua, a student from Xinhua Middle School. I’d like to share my advice on how to live a healthy life.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In short, only when we follow a healthy lifestyle can we really enjoy a happy life. Let’s form a good habit and enjoy our life.
Best wishes!
Yours truly,
Li Hua
答案:
Dear Editor,
I’m Li Hua, a student from Xinhua Middle School. I’d like to share my advice on how to live a healthy life.
First of all, we shouldn’t eat junk food, which is harmful to our health. Instead, we are supposed to eat more fruit and vegetables. Of course, meat, fish and milk are essential to a balanced diet as well. Besides, it is very helpful to keep a good state of mind. Last but
not least, it is recommended that we should spare some time to do regular exercise no matter how busy we are. As for me, I make it a rule to do morning exercises, which has benefited my health a great deal.
In short, only when we follow a healthy lifestyle can we really enjoy a happy life. Let’s form a good habit and enjoy our life.
Best wishes!
Yours truly,
Li Hua
写完之后,同伴之间或者小组成员之间互换批改,找出习作中的不足或错误,然后再结合别人的反馈进行修改完善。批改的时候可以参考下表。
项目 角度 具体评价(结合习作
写出具体内容)
文章结构 是否结构清晰、思路流畅
主题词汇 是否充分有效运用了【素材积累】中的主题词汇(在右栏写出所用到的词汇)
主题句型 是否充分有效运用了【素材积累】中的主题句型(在右栏写出所用到的句型)
知识错误 单词拼写、语法错误等
其他不足
整体评价 ☆☆☆☆☆
为了帮助中学生健康成长,某英文报开设了“Live a healthy life”专栏。假定你是李华,曾因身体肥胖感到烦恼,影响了正常的学习和生活。请你给该栏目的编辑写一封信,分享自己的经历,内容包括:
1. 过去的生活情况;
2. 改变与做法;
3. 感受与期待。
注意:
1. 词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Editor,
I’m Li Hua, a middle school student. I’d like to share my opinions about a healthy lifestyle according to my own experience.
I’m convinced that only when you realise the importance of a healthy lifestyle can you make changes and live happily. Let’s get rid of bad habits and enjoy a good lifestyle.
Best wishes!
Yours truly,
Li Hua
答案:
Dear Editor,
I’m Li Hua, a middle school student. I’d like to share my opinions about a healthy lifestyle according to my own experience.
I used to eat lots of junk food, so that I was overweight, which had a bad effect on my study and life. Therefore, I was determined to make some changes. First of all, I began to eat more fruit and
vegetables instead of junk food. What’s more, I often
took enough exercise after school, playing basketball
or football with my friends. Meanwhile, I always tried to keep a good mood. With a lot of efforts, I lost weight and felt better about myself. Now, I have a healthy lifestyle and make much more progress in my studies.
I’m convinced that only when you realise the importance of a healthy lifestyle can you make changes and live happily. Let’s get rid of bad habits and enjoy a good lifestyle.
Best wishes!
Yours truly,
Li Hua (共9张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
1. 在语境中观察感知动词不定式作主语的功能与意义。
2. 通过自主探究,总结动词不定式作主语的规则,体会英语语言的特点。
3. 通过多种形式和多层次的练习,能够用动词不定式进行口头和书面的表达。
动词不定式作主语的用法
一、动词不定式作主语
【观察思考】
To see is to believe.
眼见为实。
It was impossible for them to complete the task in such a short time.
对他们来说,在如此短的时间内完成这次任务是不可能的。
It was foolish of him to make such a mistake.
他真傻,犯这样的错误。
【探究总结】
(1)动词不定式作主语,一般表示某一次具体的动作,常用it作形式主语,而动词不定式是真正的主语,放在句末,以使句子保持平衡。常见句型:
①It is+adj.+for sb/sth+to do sth
②It is+adj.+of sb+to do sth
(2)动词不定式作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
动词不定式作主语一般表示具体的、特定的行为;而动词-ing形式作主语一般表示抽象的、一般的行为。如: Riding a bike can make a man smart. 骑单车能使人敏捷。
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①学好英语不容易。
______ ______ ______ ______ is not easy.
②学生学习一门外语是必要的。
It is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ a foreign language.
③他很自私,什么也没捐。
It was ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ contribute anything.
答案:①To learn English well
②necessary for students to learn
③selfish of him not to
二、“疑问词+动词不定式”作主语
【观察思考】
When to hold the meeting hasn’t been decided.
何时召开会议还没有确定下来。
How to solve the problem is very important.
怎样解决这个问题是非常重要的。
What to do next is not decided yet.
下一步做什么还没有决定。
【探究总结】
wh-词后可以加动词不定式构成一种特殊的动词不定式短语,可在句中作主语。
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①何时离开还没有决定。
______ ______ ______ has not been decided.
②如何开始比到哪里停止还困难。
______ ______ ______ is more difficult than ______ ______ ______.
答案:①When to leave
②How to begin where to stop
三、动词不定式作主语时的语态
【观察思考】
It was an honour for him to be chosen as head of the medical team.
他被选为医疗队队长是一种荣幸。
To be attacked by the enemy is not a bad thing, but a good thing.
被敌人攻击是好事,不是坏事。
【探究总结】
动词不定式作主语时,如果不定式和逻辑主语之间是主动关系应使用to do, 如果是被动关系应使用 。
答案:to be done
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①It’s a pity (keep) in the house in fine weather.
②It’s a great honour (invite) to the banquet.
答案:①to be kept
②to be invitedReading and Thinking (1)
阅读理解
第一节
A
For some people, walking or running outdoors is a great way to work out. What may not be so pleasant is seeing trash all over the ground. Well, some people are doing something about it. They are plogging!
“Plogging”began in Sweden. The name combines the Swedish word “plocka”, which means to pick up, and the word “jogging”, which means to run slowly. A Swedish man named Erik, started the movement in 2016. On the World Environment Day website, Erik says that he moved to Stockholm from a small community in northern Sweden. Each day he would ride his bike to work. Concerned about the amount of trash and litter he saw each day on his way to work, he took matters into his own hands.
Plogging, by that term, may have officially begun in Sweden. But many people who exercise outdoors have been doing this for years. Take Jeff Horowitz for example. He is a personal trainer in Washington, D.C. He often picks up trash while running outside. He even has turned it into a game; he will try to pick up the trash without stopping. “I didn’t know it was a thing really. This is just my personal ethics(道德标准), where I go for a run and if I happen to see a piece of garbage lying around and it’s within reach—it is a kind of a little test for me to see if I can grab it and throw it in a near trash can without stopping. And that way, I think, it gives me a little exercise and a little focus for my run. And it helps clean up the neighbourhood,” he announced.
Today, plogging is an official activity, one that is becoming increasingly popular. Cities around the world now hold plogging events. “I would just hope people would think twice before dropping garbage on the ground. We have containers on every block. So, it’s easy to put your garbage in the trash cans. I just think people should think about it a little bit more. I do hope one day there will not be a need for plogging,” said an interviewee.
1. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase“took matters into his own hands”
A. called on people to join him
B. appealed to people to go green
C. began to pick up the trash
D. had the collected trash recycled
解析：词义猜测题。根据上文“Concerned about the amount of trash and litter he saw each day on his way to work ...”可知,他很担心每天在上班路上看到的那些垃圾,因此可推测下文应该是他开始捡这些垃圾。故画线短语的意思为“开始捡垃圾”。故选C。
答案：C
2. Like Jeff Horowitz, plogging to many people has become a(n) _______ act.
A. automatic B. irresistible C. arbitrary D. temporary
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“This is just my personal ethics ...”可知Jeff Horowitz拾荒慢跑只是出于个人的道德标准,即是自发性的,因此可推断,和Jeff Horowitz一样,拾荒慢跑对于很多人来说已经成为一种自发行为。故选A。
答案：A
3. What is the idea that plogging events are meant to promote
A. Jogging is truly beneficial.
B. Trash cans should be within reach.
C. Littering is not acceptable.
D. Communities should be kept clean.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“I would just hope people would think twice before dropping garbage on the ground.”可知,拾荒慢跑者提出只希望人们往地上扔垃圾前三思。即拾荒慢跑旨在推广普及乱丢垃圾是不可接受的这一想法。故选C。
答案：C
4. What would be a suitable title for the passage
A. New Exercise Enjoys Unbelievable Popularity
B. New Exercise Trend Also Helps Environment
C. Plogging—a Fashionable Way to Clear Waste
D. Plogging—an Exercise Originating in Sweden
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句“Today, plogging is an official activity, one that is becoming increasingly popular.”可知,如今,拾荒慢跑已成为一项官方活动,而且越来越受欢迎。结合文章主要内容可知,拾荒慢跑这种新的运动趋势不仅能使锻炼高效,而且也有助于保护环境。故选B。
答案：B
B
Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.
Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein(蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants(抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries(樱桃), they are so delicious. Who cares However, they are rich in vitamin C.
When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruits shakes and low fat“ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.
If you have a juicer, you can simply feed it with frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.
5. What does the author seem to like about cherries
A. They contain protein.
B. They are high in vitamin A.
C. They have a pleasant taste.
D. They are rich in antioxidants.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后三句“As for cherries, they are so delicious. Who cares However, they are rich in vitamin C.”可知,樱桃非常美味,因此具有a pleasant taste,这是作者喜欢樱桃的原因。故选C。
答案：C
6. Why is fresh lemon juice used on freezing bananas
A. To make them smell better. B. To keep their colour.
C. To speed up their ripening. D. To improve their nutrition.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.”可知,在香蕉上挤上少量的柠檬汁可以阻止它们变成棕色,也就是使其不变色。故选B。
答案：B
7. What is“a juicer”in the last paragraph
A. A dessert. B. A drink.
C. A container. D. A machine.
解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段前两句“If you have a juicer, you can simply feed it with frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a‘soft-serve’creamy dessert, to be eaten right away.”可知,将冰冻香蕉和其他浆果或切片的水果放进去,出来的是可立即食用的软冰激凌奶油状甜品。留意have, feed it with以及come out几个动作的提示,由此可推知a juicer指的是榨汁机。故选D。
答案：D
8. From which is the passage probably taken
A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine.
C. A research paper. D. A travel brochure.
解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了一些水果所含营养成分以及将这些水果和冰冻香蕉等水果搭配的食用方法。由此可推测,这篇文章可能来自健康杂志,而不是生物教材、研究论文或旅游小册子。故选B。
答案：B
第二节 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up hearing people tell us to“go out and get some fresh air”. 9. According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
10. If the air you’re breathing is clean—which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energising oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈). 11. In these places, patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure and put people into a better mood(情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 12. It gives us a great feeling of peace.
13. While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial vitamin D. To make sure you get enough vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centres have begun building Healing Gardens.
9. 解析：全文的主旨句是“go out and get some fresh air”。根据后句“the answer is a big YES”可知前句是一个问句。七个选项有两个是问句,一个特殊疑问句,一个一般疑问句,只有一般疑问句才能用yes来回答。故选E。
答案：E
10. 解析：空格处就是本段的中心句。整段从侧面说明新鲜空气对人体有好处的一个理由。结合本段内容可以归纳出中心句,即新鲜空气可以净化我们的肺部。故选A。
答案：A
11. 解析：本段的中心意思是病人走近自然有益于身体恢复。前句“人们开始研究自然界和疗治的关系”,后句“在这些地方,病人可以在恢复期亲近自然”,所以G项(全国各地的康复中心开始建造疗养花园)符合语境。故选G。
答案：G
12. 解析：前句“常看到窗外树枝的住院病人比常看到大楼或天空的病人可能恢复得更快”,后句“它给我们一种平和的感觉”,所以“Being in nature refreshes us”承上启下。故选C。
答案：C
13. 解析：本段陈述新鲜空气的另一个好处。空格处是本段的中心句。这里提出呼吸新鲜空气带来的另一个好处是阳光。下文的内容都是对中心句的拓展。故选D。
答案：D
Reading and Thinking (2)
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Another reason is that the helping behaviours are not improved if the children (reward).
2. They work out three times a day and always stay optimistic to keep
(physical) and mentally healthy.
3. The governor was sent to prison for his (abuse) his position.
4. Don’t hurry! Your plan is still under (examine).
5. In the 1970s, many island countries fought for freedom from foreign
(dominate).
6. Nowadays, the 5G technology has brought about the _____________
(facilitate) of selling goods online.
7. At least he is not afraid of his children, for he thinks that they’ve got no and he wants them to be students at school. (discipline)
8. Tony was (repeated) warned by the doctor not to smoke any more.
9. Don’t be such a (pessimistic)—you’re not going to fail.
10. He has to take (pill) to control his blood pressure.
答案：1. are rewarded 2. physically 3. abusing
4. examination 5. domination 6. facilitation
7. disciplining discipline disciplined
8. repeatedly 9. pessimist 10. pills
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
straight away, decide on, rely on, in response to, be pessimistic about, base ... on, prevent ... from, lead to, act as, replace ... with
1. There is no reason to the future, for everything will be fine.
2. He just asked me to take the label off, and I took it off .
3. In his practice, a lawyer must himself facts and take law as the criterion.
4. We’ve the old adding machine a computer.
5. We went to Canada to travel and my cousin our guide.
6. If David says he will complete the job on time, you can always him to deliver the goods.
7. The discovery of new evidence the thief’s being caught.
8. First a suitable goal and try your best to achieve it through hard work.
9. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which heat escaping from Earth into space.
10. He contributed one hundred dollars to the flood-stricken area
my request.
答案：1. be pessimistic about 2. straight away
3. base on 4. replaced with 5. acted as
6. rely on 7. led to 8. decide on
9. prevents from 10. in response to
Ⅲ. 语法填空
Teenagers often form bad habits as they grow up. If 1. ___________
(leave) unchecked, these bad habits could lead to physical and mental health 2. (problem). So it is necessary for us 3. __________
(recognise) bad habits and make some changes. We can first analyse them by using the “habit cycle”: cue, routine and reward. We first find out what the cue 4. (be) and then change the bad routine 5. a positive one. If successful, we will 6. (reward) with a good habit and our bad habit may disappear. In fact, making some changes is very difficult. To reach 7. goal of change, we must show some discipline and 8. (repeated) take many small steps over time. All in all, there is no “magic pill” or delete button 9. will help us, but changing will ensure we have a happy and 10. (health) life full of good habits.
答案：1. left 2. problems 3. to recognise 4. is
5. into 6. be rewarded 7. the 8. repeatedly
9. that/which 10. healthy
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 完形填空
The snow was falling and the roads had become dangerous. The schools were dismissed early, but much to my surprise, my 1
wasn’t cancelled. So I went, feeling especially heroic. As far as I could see, I was risking my life to keep my 2 . Snow or no snow, I would be on time for my scheduled donation at the local 3 centre.
When I got there, I discovered I wasn’t 4 . Four more “hero-types” were already lying back in donor chairs with lines 5 to their veins(静脉), and machines quietly pumping away to collect their life-saving gifts.
Seeing my fellow donors honouring their own commitments, I realised why I was there. I lay back in my donor chair, ready to make a
6 to the life of someone I would never meet.
To be honest, I’d never really thought about why I donate. I just did it. But a few months ago, during one of my 7 donations I learned that my blood was specifically for a cancer patient and for a newborn baby—both patients needed what I would give in order to live. I’ve viewed my visits to the blood centre 8 ever since.
My wife Karen is a 9 , too. And more importantly, she has been on the bone marrow(骨髓) list for fifteen years, ever since she 10
to provide bone marrow to a kindergartner with leukemia(白血病). That little girl died before Karen’s bone marrow could help her, but Karen was called again recently. Her test results were still on file, and it turned out that she was a potential 11 for someone else. The caller asked Karen if she would still be willing to become a bone marrow donor. “Yes,” she said and then immediately began answering questions on the pages of paperwork for further testing. It was a race against time.
I wish I could say that this race was 12 . Unluckily, it wasn’t. The caller later thanked Karen for her participation and asked a few more questions—including whether or not she’d 13 on the donor list. “Of course,” Karen answered.
Last week Karen gave blood and next week I’ll make my usual donation. I’ll clear an afternoon from my schedule and make an appointment. I don’t know whose life my donation may 14 . Most likely it will be a 15 , but on any day the person needing blood could be you or me or maybe a loved one. It is worthwhile to take our time to donate.
I really do feel proud every time I donate. And I like the feeling.
1. A. training B. class C. appointment D. flight
解析：学校很早就放学了,但令“我”吃惊的是,“我”的预约并没有取消。training训练;class班级;appointment预约;flight航班。结合文章第一段最后一句中“Snow or no snow, I would be on time for my scheduled donation ...”可知,不管有没有下雪,作者都会准时完成预定的献血。因此可知作者那一天的预约没被取消。故选C。
答案：C
2. A. secret B. balance C. shape D. word
解析：在“我”看来,“我”是冒着生命危险来遵守“我”的诺言。secret秘密;balance平衡;shape形状;word 单词,诺言。keep one’s word 意为“遵守承诺”。故选D。
答案：D
3. A. blood B. research C. service D. care
解析：不管有没有下雪,“我”都会准时到当地的血液中心献血。blood血液;research研究;service 服务;care关心。结合下文“I’ve viewed my visits to the blood centre ...”可知,是去献血中心献血。故选A。
答案：A
4. A. alone B. welcome C. late D. lucky
解析：当“我”到达那里时,“我”发现“我”并不是独自一人。alone独自的;welcome受欢迎的;late迟的;lucky幸运的。结合下文中“Four more ‘hero-types’ were already lying back in donor chairs ...”可知,另外四个“英雄型”的人已经躺在献血椅上了,因此可知不止作者一个献血者。故选A。
答案：A
5. A. exposed B. attached C. applied D. added
解析：另外四个“英雄型”的人已经躺在献血椅上,静脉上连接着抽血管,收集他们救命的礼物。expose暴露;attach连接,附上;apply申请;add添加。此处指血管连接(attach)着抽血管。故选B。
答案：B
6. A. meaning B. decision C. difference D. choice
解析：“我”躺在献血椅上,准备为一个“我”永远不会遇到的人的生活带来改变。meaning意义;decision决定;difference差异;choice选择。make a difference 意为“有影响,有关系”。故选C。
答案：C
7. A. regular B. unexpected C. special D. pleasant
解析：regular定期的;unexpected意外的;special特别的;pleasant愉快的。结合文章第一段最后一句中“Snow or no snow, I would be on time for my scheduled donation ...”可知,作者会定期献血。故选A。
答案：A
8. A. differently B. wisely C. hesitantly D. carefully
解析：从那以后,“我”对去血液中心的看法就不同了。differently不同地;wisely明智地;hesitantly犹豫地;carefully仔细地。故选A。
答案：A
9. A. receiver B. doctor C. patient D. donor
解析：“我”的妻子Karen也是一个捐献者。receiver接受者;doctor医生;patient病人;donor捐献者。结合文章第五段倒数第三句“The caller asked Karen if she would still be willing to become a bone marrow donor.”可知打电话的人问 Karen 是否还愿意做骨髓捐献者,因此作者的妻子也是捐献者。故选D。
答案：D
10. A. built up B. signed up
C. gave up D. took up
解析：更重要的是,自从她报名为一个患白血病的幼儿园小朋友提供骨髓以来,她已经在骨髓名单上15年了。build up建立;sign up报名;give up放弃;take up从事。故选B。
答案：B
11. A. risk B. customer C. match D. partner
解析：她的检测结果还在档案中,结果证明她是别人的潜在匹配对象。risk风险;customer顾客;match 匹配;partner伙伴。故选C。
答案：C
12. A. fixed B. finished C. shifted D. won
解析：“我”希望“我”能说这场赛跑赢了。fix修理;finish结束;shift转移;win赢。故选D。
答案：D
13. A. rank B. sign C. appear D. remain
解析：打电话的人后来感谢Karen的参与,并问了她几个问题,包括她是否还愿意留在捐献人名单上。rank排名;sign签字;appear出现;remain留下,保持。故选D。
答案：D
14. A. move B. affect C. create D. enrich
解析：“我”不知道“我”的献血会影响谁的生活。move移动;affect影响;create创造;enrich丰富。故选B。
答案：B
15. A. stranger B. child C. hero D. friend
解析：很可能是一个陌生人,但任何一天需要血液的人都有可能是你或我,也可能是你爱的人。stranger陌生人;child孩子;hero英雄;friend朋友。作者献血帮助的人很可能不认识,因此是陌生人。故选A。
答案：A
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