人教版（新课程标准）必修五 Unit 5 First aid省略教案

人教版高中英语必修五 Unit 5 First aid
Grammar省略句 (Ellipsis)
一、教学设计
【教学目的】
1. Students will learn about Ellipsis.
2. Students will learn to use Ellipsis correctly and freely.
【教学流程】
Definition
Look at the following sentences to say which one is better and why.
1. Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn’t come to school to see me the next day.
2. Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn’t.
结论和定义：为了避免重复,省略句中的一个或几个成分,这种语法现象称为省略。
Step 1 简单句中的省略
Look at the following sentences.
(I) Beg your pardon.
(It) Sounds like a good idea.
What/How (do you think) about a cup of tea
(Is there) Anything I can do for you
We’ll go to the doctor’s (clinic) in a minute.
What a good boy (he is)!
结论：1. 省略主语（祈使句中主语通常省略）
2. 省略主谓或者主谓语的一部分
3. there be句型可以省略
4. 名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺、住宅、教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物
5. 感叹句中根据上下文可以省略
Step 2 并列句中的省略
Look at the following sentences.
John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.
His suggestions made John happy, but (his suggestions made) Mary angry.
Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but (he) soon returned to his old ways.
结论：1. 若主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略后面谓语动词中相同的那部分。
2. 若主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则可省略后面的主语和谓语。
3. 若主语相同，而谓语动词不同，则可以省略后面的主语。
Step 3 复合句中的省略
主句中的省略
主句的省略多见于句首，多用于口语。
(It’s a) Pity you couldn’t come.
2) 在对话中答句省去整个主句只用从句。
--Shall I go to play
--If you like (you can go to play).
2. 宾语从句中的省略
1）由which, when, where, how和why 引导的宾语从句，可全部或部分省去,只保留引导词。
Please pass me one of these books, I don’t care which (you pass me).
2)在I’m afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等开头的作答句中，后面跟so 与 not 分别用于肯定或否定宾语时，宾语从句可省去。
--Do you think it will rain
--I hope not (that it will not rain).
3. 状语从句中的省略
1）状语从句出现在句末时，一般都可以作句尾省略。
Coming swimming You don’t have to (coming swimming) if you don’t want to (coming swimming) .
2) 有时条件从句可以完全省去，只剩下主句。
I would have come yesterday (if I had wanted to).
3) 以as, than 引导的比较状语从句可以全部或部分省去。
After half an hour, she became quieter (than she had been).
Step 4 动词不定式的省略
Look at the following sentences.
–Will you join in the game
--I’d be glad to (join in the game)
2. She told the child to stay there and (to) wait till she came back.
3. They didn’t tell me whether to go on or to stop.
4. I heard someone (to) sing a song next to our apartment last night.
结论：1. 为了避免重复，在联系密切的语境中，作宾语或宾语补足语的不定式只保留不定式符号to。
两个或者多个不定式短语表示并列关系时，后面不定式短语的不定式符号To通常被省略；如果表示对比关系，则不定式中的不定式符号to通常要保留。
感官动词和使役动词后面的复合宾语中的宾语补足语，若为不定式充当，则要省略to。
Practice:
Change the sentences into elliptical sentences.
She likes singing and she likes dancing.
Is this the driver that you talked about yesterday
The man who is sitting by the window is Mr. Smith.
He could not decide whether to buy the car or not to buy the car.
When it is heated, the metal expands.
You can do it if you want to do it.
My father planned all these houses and my father built all these houses.
He is the last person that I want to see.
He worked hard but his brother did not work hard.
He went to the doctor because he had to go to the doctor.
The reference books which were ordered last month haven’t arrived yet.
We tested the depth of the water and the temperature of the water.
Although he is very busy, he will do it for us.
You may leave if you wish to leave.
Step 5 Summary
The structure of the period is:
Step 6 Homework
Ellipsis(省略)
简单句中的省略
并列句中的省略
复合句中的省略
动词不定式的省略