高考英语二轮专题复习：语法知识专项之定语从句课件-(39张ppt)

(共39张PPT)
定语从句
Attributive Clause
He who is content is always happy.
知足者常乐
2. Everything is ready, and all that we need is an east wind.
万事俱备，只欠东风
3. All that glitters is not gold .
并非所有发光的都是金子
4. He who laughs last laughs best .
谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好
5. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.
世上无难事，只怕有心人
Proverbs
主格 宾格 adj物主代词 noun物主代词
我 I me my mine
你 you you your yours
他 he him his his
她 she her her hers
它 it it its its
他们 they them their theirs
一. 定语从句的基本定义
放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
关系代词
Hospital is a place where a doctor works.
先行词
关系副词
先行词和关系词的关系
1.A plane is a machine that can fly.
that= _________
关系代词实际上是先行词的______
the machine
指代
先行词和关系词的关系
2. The girl who is laughing is called Qiqi.
who= _________
关系代词实际上是先行词的______
the girl
复指
先行词和关系词的关系
3. The boy whose hair can fly is called Xinxin.
whose= _________
关系代词实际上是先行词的______
the boy’s
所有格
先行词和关系词的关系
4. The school whose playground lies on a hill is called DFHS.
whose= _________
关系代词实际上是先行词的______
the school’s
所有格
先行词和关系词的关系
5.The school where I study is far from my home.
where= _________
关系副词实际上是______+先行词
in the school
介词
先行词和关系词的关系
5.I can still remember the time when I was not sunburnt .
when= ______________
关系副词实际上是______+先行词
during that time
介词
1.Here is a photo. The photo can bring you good luck.
Here is a photo _________ can bring you good luck.
小练习Join the following sentences
which/that
2.This is our math teacher. We saw her everyday.
This is our math teacher _____________ we saw everyday.
小练习Join the following sentences
who/whom/that
(3) He is the kind person.
I have ever worked with him.
(4) This is the film.
I have ever mentioned it.
He is the kind person (who/whom/that) I have ever worked with.
This is the film (that/which) I have ever mentioned.
小练习Join the following sentences
The scientist (who/that) we met yesterday is very famous in the world.
(6) The dress is new. She is wearing it.
The dress (which/that) she is wearing is new.
(5) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
小练习Join the following sentences
二. 关系词的分类
关系代词
2. 关系副词
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose
关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when, where, why
二. 关系词的分类
三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点
1. 关系代词的基本用法
三. 1. 关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 指代的先行词 充当从句的成分
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
whose 人或物 定语
① who/ whom 指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
The man _____________ I talked with is our teacher.
The man _____________ I nodded to is Mr. Yang.
The man to ___________ I nodded is Mr. Yang.
who, whom
who/whom/省
who/whom/省
whom
③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
These are the trees ___________ were planted last year.
This recorder ____________ he is using is made in Japan.
which
which
which/省略
He is the man __________________ I told you about.
④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
that
who/whom/that/省
⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。不可省略。
We live in a house ________windows face south.
whose= the house’s
This is the little girl _______ parents were killed in the great earthquake.
whose= the little girl’s
whose
whose
whose
that和which指物时，以下5
种情况只能用that 不能用which。
①当先行词中有人又有物时；
②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, none等时；
③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等修饰时；
④当先行词被最高级修饰时；
⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。
1. 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语
2 在非限制性定语从句中（即逗号后）;
3. 当先行词为that和those时；
(2) 3种只能用which 不能用that的情况。
Is there anything ____ belongs to you
This is the first play ____ I have seen since I came here.
His movie won several awards at the film festival, _______ was beyond his wildest dream.
巩固练习二：选择that或which填空
that
that
which
Which is the machine _____ we used last Sunday.
I’ve never heard of the people and things ______ you talked about just now.
巩固练习二：选择that或which填空
that
that
(2) that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用who:
(2)用who不用that的情况
①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。
②先行词为those, he和people时。如：
All ____ heard the news were excited.
Those ____ want to go please sign your names here.
He ____ does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
who
who
who
(3) whose引导的定语从句要点
① whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如：
The boss ____ whose department he worked had heard the news. 他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。
(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点
in
③whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of which，或= of which + the + 名词。如：
The novel whose title (= ___________ _____或_______________) is Red and Black is very interesting.
② whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。
the title of
which
of which the title
⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of whom，或= of whom + the + 名词。如：
The boy whose mother is a doctor is my friend.=
The boy the mother of whom is a doctor is my friend.
Those ______ haven’t taken physical examination must go to hospital now.
2. The boss in ______ factory my father works is very strict.
我父亲所工作的工厂的老板很严厉。
3. Anyone _____ wants to attend a top university has to work very hard.
4. The man ______ leg broke in a match used to be a good football player.
巩固练习三：在空格中填入适当的词
who
whose
who
whose
翻译练习：一周前我们待在山上，在那我们举行了运动会。
A week ago we stayed on the hill, where we had a sports meeting.
翻译练习：有十五个男生和十五个女生参加了接力赛。
There are fifteen boys and fifteen girls who took part in the relay race.
翻译练习：这些在比赛中的人尽全力奔跑。
Those who were in the match tried their best to run.
翻译练习：那个表情镇定自若的女孩叫苒苒。
The girl _______ expression was as _____ as a cucumber is Ranran.
whose
cool
翻译练习：那个脸被盖住的女孩叫飞飞。
The girl _______ face was covered by hands is Feifei.
whose
翻译练习：最后我们获得了接力赛一等奖，这使得我们很开心。
Finally, we won the first prize in the relay race, which made us delighted.
Correct the sentences:
1. I’m using the pen which he bought it yesterday.
2. Is the factory that your father once worked in
3. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.
4. July 1,1999 is the day when we’ll never forget.
(去掉)
the one
^
__
^
to
___
which
5. The students and things which you spoke of
are known to us.
____
that
1. I will organize some campus activities, like “English Evening”, a platform ________ students can show their English.
2. My physics teacher is my role model, _______ influence on me had a lot to do with my decision.
where
whose
直击高考：
3.But I'd like to attend the English lectures, ______________ I can get more information on British and American culture.
4. In the English corner, I meet many friends, ________ share the same interest with me.
5. I’m sorry to hear that you got the lung cancer _________brought you great pain.
from which
who
which