高考英语情态动词课件（25张PPT）
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文档简介
(共25张PPT)
can/could, may/might, must, ought to,
will/would, shall/should,
need, dare
have to; had better; would rather
情态、助动词
情态动词的分类：
纯情态
情态、实义
情态短语
can 能力，许可，可能，惊讶，有时候会
My son could walk when he was 9 months old. (区别be able to)
This hall can hold 500 people. (客观因素造成的能力)
They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
2. Can I use your bike --- Yes, you can. (同may)
Could I come in --- Yes, you can.
3. It can’t be Tom.
Can they be at home now
常用于否定、疑问句
He can’t /couldn’t have known the secret.
对现在猜测
对过去猜测
It can’t be Tom, ________
He can’t /couldn’t have known the secret, _________
He can’t /couldn’t have known the secret yesterday, _________
is it
has he
did he
How can this be true
How can you be so careless
How could she be so crazy （委婉）
4.表惊讶怀疑不相信的态度，常用于疑问和否定句。
It is strange that Tom should make such a mistake.(竟然)
从句内的“惊讶”用should 表示
5.Driving on these roads can be very dangerous.
Children can be very tiring.
有时候会
can not/never …… too 再…也不为过；越…越好
You can never be too careful when you cross the street.
may/might 或许；可以；祝愿
1. 表可能性
The dialect may be strange to most people.
He might be in the classroom. But I’m not sure.
常用于否定和肯定句中，不用于疑问句中。
2. 表允许,许可
May I come in (同can）
You may leave the radio where it is.
3. 祝愿
May you succeed! 祝你成功！
may/might as well 不妨；可以(表提出建议)
Since it is a fine day we might as well walk.
Oh, you may as well bring me a chocolate too.
must 表强烈建议；肯定猜测；偏要(做令人不愉快的事)
2. must 表示肯定的猜测，不能用于否定句或疑问句。
This must be your pen.
He must be doing his homework now.
He must have arrived already.
一定要，必须（区别have to）
You must see the doctor.
Must I drink this nasty soup
--- Yes, you must.
--- No, you needn’t.
3. 非得，偏要做令人不愉快的事
Must you shout so loudly
If you must leave, do it quietly.
mustn’t表禁止 You mustn’t park here!
表猜测（对过去，对现在的猜测）
Lucy 去哪儿了？
她肯定在厕所里。
她不可能在厕所，我刚刚在办公室碰到她了。
2. Tom昨天干什么了，今天他很渴睡。
他可能没睡觉，我不确定。
他不可能看球赛的，昨晚他爸爸突然病了。
Where can Lucy be
She must be in the toilet.
She can’t be in the toilet, for I met her in the office just now.
What could Tom have done yesterday He is so sleepy today.
He might not have slept. I am not sure.
He couldn’t have watched TV. His father fell ill last night.
根据经验或逻辑，对现在或将来情况的推测（更客观）
The dinner should be prepared before twelve.
This young man should go far.
They should be there by now.
表推断
表惊讶
It is strange that Tom should make such a mistake.(竟然)
从句内的“惊讶”用should 表示
can/could, may/might, must, ought to,
will/would, shall/should,
need, dare
have to; had better; would rather
情态、助动词
情态动词的分类：
纯情态
情态、实义
情态短语
shall
1.征求对方意见，用于一、三人称疑问句。
2.表说话人的命令允诺警告决心，用于二、三人称。
3.用于法律、条约、约定等正式条文，主要用于第三人称。
Shall we meet at the park
Where shall the bike be put
You shall do as I say.
You shall have my answer tomorrow.
He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.
Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.
第一人称用will
Students shall remain in their seats until all
the papers have been collected.
Everyone shall keep quiet in the court.
区别May I use your bike
should
1.表义务、责任、劝告、建议。“应该”
3.根据经验或逻辑，对现在或将来情况的推测（更客观）
2. 表说话人惊讶、愤怒、失望的感情。“竟然”,多用于从句中
I was astonished that this should happen to me.
It is strange that he should perform so badly today.
You should set off at once.
We should clean the lab after we finish the experiment.
4. 用于虚拟语气中。
It’s 7 o’clock. The guests should arrive soon.
The photos should be ready in 15 minutes.
He ordered that all the people (should) go on board at once.
It is time that we should go to the playground.
If I should go to the library, I would call you.
……
ought to
ought not to
oughtn’t to
According to them, Jack ought to go back.
I oughtn’t to go on living in this way.
（按道理）应该
表责任义务或有必要去做，建议劝告。比should语气强
I ought to have helped her, but I was busy.
2. Ought we to do it at once
我们应该立即做吗？
3. Should可用于虚拟语气
should用于从句可表惊讶
He ought to arrive by now.(推断)
will/would
1.用于表意志、意愿，will指现在，would指过去
They won’t accept your offer.
They said they would meet us tomorrow morning.
I will pay you at the rate you ask.
3.表习惯性动作或倾向，“总是，惯于”，否定“不肯，不能”
will指现在，would 指过去
Mary will read for hours at a time.
玛丽常常一连看好几个小时书。
We would swim in this river in summer.
Boys will be boys.男孩子总是男孩子。
The car won’t start.
Oil and water will not mix.
2.决心、诺言，常用第一人称（二三人称用shall)
I will make this radio work.
I won’t forget your birthday.
4.表请求或建议，用would比will委婉、客气。常用于第二人称
Will you please do me a favor
Would you please open the window
区别：
May I…
Shall I…
will you…
5.用于虚拟语气
情态动词+have done
表谴责、自责
should/ought to have done
shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done
本没必要做而做了
needn’t have done
表猜测
must have done
may/might have done
can’t/couldn’t have done
could have done本有可能做而没做成
couldn’t have done本不可能做成而做成功的
You could have done better, but you were too careless.(遗憾)
need
vt. need sth.
need to do
need doing= need to be done
doesn’t need to do
Does he need to do…
model verb.
need do
needn’t do
Need I do…
Tom 需要立刻去医院。
Tom needs to go to hospital.
Tom need go to hospital.
Tom 不需要立刻去医院。
Tom doesn’t need to go to hospital.
Tom needn’t go to hospital.
这双鞋该修了。
This pair of shoes needs repairing.
This pair of shoes needs to be repaired.
dare
vi. He didn’t dare (to) say what he thought.
e on! Take it ! I dare you! (激某人做)谅你也不敢。
model verb.
I never dared stay long because I thought he might be
angry.
How dare you …(表气愤)
How dare you talk to me like this
I dare say…我想，很可能，大概
I dare say you know about it already.
他不敢一个人去河边。
He doesn’t dare to go to the river alone.(行)
He dare not go to the river alone. (情)
昨天我不敢跟妈妈说起这件事。
I didn’t dare to speak of it yesterday. (行)
I dared not speak of it yesterday. （情）
would rather do宁愿做某事
would rather not do
would rather have done 宁愿当时做了某事
would rather not have done
I would rather have gone to Tianmu Mountain with you.
had better do
had better not do
had better have done
had better not have done
You had better have started earlier.
would like/love （not） to do 愿意，想要做
would like/love (not) to have done 本想做但没做成
I would love to have gone to the Tianmu mountain last weekend but I was really scared of riding a bus.
--- 为什么你没去天目山呢？
--- 我本想去的。但是我怕坐车。
---Why didn’t you go to the Tianmu mountain
---I’d love to have. But I was really sacred of
riding a bus.
---晚上去看电影怎么样？
---我很想去。但是作业没做完。
--- How about going to the cinema tonight
--- I’d love to. But I haven’t finished my homework.
homework:
小本单元卷：单项完形
A Blooming Tree
What could make thou meet me At the prime of my beauty For this I'd been praying before the Buddha For half a century May this worldly affinity be true So the Buddha turned me into a tree Growing in the path of the way Carefully、fully blooming the tree And in the sun Every flower is my earnest pray of yesterday
When thou art stepping closely Please listen respectfully That trembling foliage is the zeal of my waiting At length thou art passing by without hearing Oh, my love They are not petals But all my withering heart Paving the earth At the back of thee
1. can只有两种时态, 即can 和could；而be able to 有多种时态, 如
was/were able to,
will/shall be able to,
have/has been able to等
2. can表能力的存在；be able to更强调过去通过努力终于做成了某事
Man can not live without air.
A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone
was able to run out of the building.
can/could, may/might, must, ought to,
will/would, shall/should,
need, dare
have to; had better; would rather
情态、助动词
情态动词的分类：
纯情态
情态、实义
情态短语
can 能力，许可，可能，惊讶，有时候会
My son could walk when he was 9 months old. (区别be able to)
This hall can hold 500 people. (客观因素造成的能力)
They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
2. Can I use your bike --- Yes, you can. (同may)
Could I come in --- Yes, you can.
3. It can’t be Tom.
Can they be at home now
常用于否定、疑问句
He can’t /couldn’t have known the secret.
对现在猜测
对过去猜测
It can’t be Tom, ________
He can’t /couldn’t have known the secret, _________
He can’t /couldn’t have known the secret yesterday, _________
is it
has he
did he
How can this be true
How can you be so careless
How could she be so crazy （委婉）
4.表惊讶怀疑不相信的态度，常用于疑问和否定句。
It is strange that Tom should make such a mistake.(竟然)
从句内的“惊讶”用should 表示
5.Driving on these roads can be very dangerous.
Children can be very tiring.
有时候会
can not/never …… too 再…也不为过；越…越好
You can never be too careful when you cross the street.
may/might 或许；可以；祝愿
1. 表可能性
The dialect may be strange to most people.
He might be in the classroom. But I’m not sure.
常用于否定和肯定句中，不用于疑问句中。
2. 表允许,许可
May I come in (同can）
You may leave the radio where it is.
3. 祝愿
May you succeed! 祝你成功！
may/might as well 不妨；可以(表提出建议)
Since it is a fine day we might as well walk.
Oh, you may as well bring me a chocolate too.
must 表强烈建议；肯定猜测；偏要(做令人不愉快的事)
2. must 表示肯定的猜测，不能用于否定句或疑问句。
This must be your pen.
He must be doing his homework now.
He must have arrived already.
一定要，必须（区别have to）
You must see the doctor.
Must I drink this nasty soup
--- Yes, you must.
--- No, you needn’t.
3. 非得，偏要做令人不愉快的事
Must you shout so loudly
If you must leave, do it quietly.
mustn’t表禁止 You mustn’t park here!
表猜测（对过去，对现在的猜测）
Lucy 去哪儿了？
她肯定在厕所里。
她不可能在厕所，我刚刚在办公室碰到她了。
2. Tom昨天干什么了，今天他很渴睡。
他可能没睡觉，我不确定。
他不可能看球赛的，昨晚他爸爸突然病了。
Where can Lucy be
She must be in the toilet.
She can’t be in the toilet, for I met her in the office just now.
What could Tom have done yesterday He is so sleepy today.
He might not have slept. I am not sure.
He couldn’t have watched TV. His father fell ill last night.
根据经验或逻辑，对现在或将来情况的推测（更客观）
The dinner should be prepared before twelve.
This young man should go far.
They should be there by now.
表推断
表惊讶
It is strange that Tom should make such a mistake.(竟然)
从句内的“惊讶”用should 表示
can/could, may/might, must, ought to,
will/would, shall/should,
need, dare
have to; had better; would rather
情态、助动词
情态动词的分类：
纯情态
情态、实义
情态短语
shall
1.征求对方意见，用于一、三人称疑问句。
2.表说话人的命令允诺警告决心，用于二、三人称。
3.用于法律、条约、约定等正式条文，主要用于第三人称。
Shall we meet at the park
Where shall the bike be put
You shall do as I say.
You shall have my answer tomorrow.
He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.
Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.
第一人称用will
Students shall remain in their seats until all
the papers have been collected.
Everyone shall keep quiet in the court.
区别May I use your bike
should
1.表义务、责任、劝告、建议。“应该”
3.根据经验或逻辑，对现在或将来情况的推测（更客观）
2. 表说话人惊讶、愤怒、失望的感情。“竟然”,多用于从句中
I was astonished that this should happen to me.
It is strange that he should perform so badly today.
You should set off at once.
We should clean the lab after we finish the experiment.
4. 用于虚拟语气中。
It’s 7 o’clock. The guests should arrive soon.
The photos should be ready in 15 minutes.
He ordered that all the people (should) go on board at once.
It is time that we should go to the playground.
If I should go to the library, I would call you.
……
ought to
ought not to
oughtn’t to
According to them, Jack ought to go back.
I oughtn’t to go on living in this way.
（按道理）应该
表责任义务或有必要去做，建议劝告。比should语气强
I ought to have helped her, but I was busy.
2. Ought we to do it at once
我们应该立即做吗？
3. Should可用于虚拟语气
should用于从句可表惊讶
He ought to arrive by now.(推断)
will/would
1.用于表意志、意愿，will指现在，would指过去
They won’t accept your offer.
They said they would meet us tomorrow morning.
I will pay you at the rate you ask.
3.表习惯性动作或倾向，“总是，惯于”，否定“不肯，不能”
will指现在，would 指过去
Mary will read for hours at a time.
玛丽常常一连看好几个小时书。
We would swim in this river in summer.
Boys will be boys.男孩子总是男孩子。
The car won’t start.
Oil and water will not mix.
2.决心、诺言，常用第一人称（二三人称用shall)
I will make this radio work.
I won’t forget your birthday.
4.表请求或建议，用would比will委婉、客气。常用于第二人称
Will you please do me a favor
Would you please open the window
区别：
May I…
Shall I…
will you…
5.用于虚拟语气
情态动词+have done
表谴责、自责
should/ought to have done
shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done
本没必要做而做了
needn’t have done
表猜测
must have done
may/might have done
can’t/couldn’t have done
could have done本有可能做而没做成
couldn’t have done本不可能做成而做成功的
You could have done better, but you were too careless.(遗憾)
need
vt. need sth.
need to do
need doing= need to be done
doesn’t need to do
Does he need to do…
model verb.
need do
needn’t do
Need I do…
Tom 需要立刻去医院。
Tom needs to go to hospital.
Tom need go to hospital.
Tom 不需要立刻去医院。
Tom doesn’t need to go to hospital.
Tom needn’t go to hospital.
这双鞋该修了。
This pair of shoes needs repairing.
This pair of shoes needs to be repaired.
dare
vi. He didn’t dare (to) say what he thought.
e on! Take it ! I dare you! (激某人做)谅你也不敢。
model verb.
I never dared stay long because I thought he might be
angry.
How dare you …(表气愤)
How dare you talk to me like this
I dare say…我想，很可能，大概
I dare say you know about it already.
他不敢一个人去河边。
He doesn’t dare to go to the river alone.(行)
He dare not go to the river alone. (情)
昨天我不敢跟妈妈说起这件事。
I didn’t dare to speak of it yesterday. (行)
I dared not speak of it yesterday. （情）
would rather do宁愿做某事
would rather not do
would rather have done 宁愿当时做了某事
would rather not have done
I would rather have gone to Tianmu Mountain with you.
had better do
had better not do
had better have done
had better not have done
You had better have started earlier.
would like/love （not） to do 愿意，想要做
would like/love (not) to have done 本想做但没做成
I would love to have gone to the Tianmu mountain last weekend but I was really scared of riding a bus.
--- 为什么你没去天目山呢？
--- 我本想去的。但是我怕坐车。
---Why didn’t you go to the Tianmu mountain
---I’d love to have. But I was really sacred of
riding a bus.
---晚上去看电影怎么样？
---我很想去。但是作业没做完。
--- How about going to the cinema tonight
--- I’d love to. But I haven’t finished my homework.
homework:
小本单元卷：单项完形
A Blooming Tree
What could make thou meet me At the prime of my beauty For this I'd been praying before the Buddha For half a century May this worldly affinity be true So the Buddha turned me into a tree Growing in the path of the way Carefully、fully blooming the tree And in the sun Every flower is my earnest pray of yesterday
When thou art stepping closely Please listen respectfully That trembling foliage is the zeal of my waiting At length thou art passing by without hearing Oh, my love They are not petals But all my withering heart Paving the earth At the back of thee
1. can只有两种时态, 即can 和could；而be able to 有多种时态, 如
was/were able to,
will/shall be able to,
have/has been able to等
2. can表能力的存在；be able to更强调过去通过努力终于做成了某事
Man can not live without air.
A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone
was able to run out of the building.