2022届高三英语二轮专题复习：形容词和副词专项学案（无答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高三英语二轮专题复习：形容词和副词专项学案（无答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-11-15 13:42:01 | ||
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培尖补缺：形容词和副词
形容词和副词的用法
形容词在句中主要作定语、表语和宾语补足语，常和名词、代词有关联；副词主要修饰动词、形容词和副词，也可在句首表状态。
1．阅读下列句子，体会、领悟形容词充当的句子成分。
①Abraham Lincoln was a self made man.作定语
②He was so tired that he fell asleep sitting in his chair.作表语
③Martin found the work slightly dull.作宾补
④I have something important to tell you.作后置定语
2．阅读下列句子，体会、领悟副词在句中的作用。
①He said quite positively that he would come.修饰动词
②It's simply wonderful to see you！修饰形容词
③I heard pretty clearly then.修饰其他副词
④Your coat is just behind the door.修饰介词短语
⑤Frankly, I am not satisfied with your work.修饰句子
形容词变副词的规则
一般情况加 ly common→commonly immediate→immediately
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾，将y改为i然后加 ly steady→steadily busy→busily
以 le结尾，去掉e加 y simple→simply gentle→gently
以 ic结尾，加 ally economic→economically scientific→scientifically
注意形近词 hard与hardly，前者表示“努力”，后者表示“几乎不”。
三、形容词和副词比较级的构成
形容词和副词的比较等级分为：原级、比较级和最高级。原级即形容词和副词的原形。比较级和最高级的词形变化分规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1．规则变化
词形分类及变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般加 er或 est tall long taller longer tallest longest
以e结尾的，只加 r或 st nice fine nicer finer nicest finest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母再加 er或 est big hot fat bigger hotter fatter biggest hottest fattest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，先变y为i再加 er或 est happy easy happier easier happiest easiest
其他双音节词和多音节词 在前面加more或most difficult beautiful more difficult more beautiful most difficult most beautiful
备注： 表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent, extreme, perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。
2．不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad (badly)/ill worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
形容词与副词比较等级的用法
1、平级比较：用as ...as ...或not ...as/so ...as引导
Henry is a worker as good as Peter (is)． 亨利和彼得一样都是好工人。
2、用“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”，意为“越……，就越……”。
The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙，就越感到高兴。
3、“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构，意为“越来越……”。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们学校正变得越来越漂亮。
4、表示“和……一样不……”时，用“no＋比较级＋than”结构。
You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。
5、最高级的常用句型
(1)形容词最高级(＋名词)＋表示范围的状语
She is the most active student in our class. 她是我们班最活跃的学生。
(2)one of＋形容词最高级＋名词复数
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.
＝Shanghai is among the biggest cities in our country. 上海是我们国家最大的城市之一。
(3)序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词
Africa is the second largest continent in the world. 非洲是世界上第二大洲。
形容词和副词的考点
在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语一般要用形容词；修饰动词、形容词和副词或整个句子，要用副词。
形容词、副词的比较级
(1)根据比较等级的句式判断，如果后面有than就用比较级；
(2)有时候比较级结构中并不出现than，而是根据语境判断出用比较级；
(3)当空格前有表示程度的词或词组，如a bit, a little, much, far, a great/good deal, a lot等或有still, even等词时，需填比较级；
(4)表示“越……，就越……”用“the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级 ...”结构。
3、形容词、副词的最高级
(1)表达在某个范围内“最……”，使用“the＋形容词/副词的最高级＋比较范围”结构。表示范围的标志词有in, of, among等；
(2)当空格前有the second/third ..., one of ...等词时，需填最高级；
(3)有些词本身就含有最高级含义，不能再用最高级，如favorite, wonderful, exhausted等。
巩固练习：
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Landing on the moon's far side is (extreme) challenging.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Bamboo：Chinese love their” Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花)：The (beauty) long branches covered with pink colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000－25,000 polar bears worldwide.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.We are so proud of her.“It's (wonder)．”
6．(2020·浙江1月高考)The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes (old) than before.
7．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are (high) than they actually are.
8．(2018·浙江6月高考)There could be an even (high) cost on your health.
9．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years (long) than non runners.
10．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
11．(2017·浙江6月高考)Sixteen years (early), Paulson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.
10．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
12．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He screams the (loud) of all.
13．(2020·太原模拟)This festival is a holiday of great significance and the one with the (long) history.
14．(2020·太原模拟)I want to live my life that way — to take it into the world and live it to the (full)．
15．(2020·太原模拟)Antarctica, the coldest place on Earth, is the fifth (large) continent in the world.
课后作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2020·北京高考)Second, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can ________ (easy) hit a person.
2．(2020·浙江1月高考)This is_________(particular) true in the US.The second reason is that people are living longer.
3．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)In the 18th and 19th centuries, ___________(wealth) people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and works of art.
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They also shared with us many ___________ (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Her years of hard work have ___________ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
6．(2021·西安模拟)The poor man was ___________ (shock) to hear this and they finally took the issue to court to get the right judgment.
7．Now it has become one of the ___________ (big) international art festivals in Asia, providing a platform for artists at home and abroad to exchange ideas.
8．(2021·合肥模拟)“Before I came to Egypt, the tourism agency told me ___________ (repeat) to bring cooling balm as a gift to make the trip ___________ (easy)，” said Mr. Ye, a 25 year old whose family sells Chinese medicine online.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．With these changes, people's pace of life has been quickened and people's work has been made more efficiently.
2．But he stays outside the list of the world's 10 rich people.
3．The meeting obvious proved to be a turning point for both of them, promoting the birth of Aliabad and later cooperation with Jerry Yang.
4．To realize my dream, I must learn as much as I can to get into a good medical college, where I can make fully preparations for the job of a doctor.
5．But Katie thought owning their own bikes would make wonderfully memories for every child.
6．But when he had recovered three days later, he felt amazing at the effect of the Chinese medicine.
7．Standing on the highest place, I felt so greatly.
8．She works hardly and has been a model teacher for ages. 4 / 5
形容词和副词的用法
形容词在句中主要作定语、表语和宾语补足语，常和名词、代词有关联；副词主要修饰动词、形容词和副词，也可在句首表状态。
1．阅读下列句子，体会、领悟形容词充当的句子成分。
①Abraham Lincoln was a self made man.作定语
②He was so tired that he fell asleep sitting in his chair.作表语
③Martin found the work slightly dull.作宾补
④I have something important to tell you.作后置定语
2．阅读下列句子，体会、领悟副词在句中的作用。
①He said quite positively that he would come.修饰动词
②It's simply wonderful to see you！修饰形容词
③I heard pretty clearly then.修饰其他副词
④Your coat is just behind the door.修饰介词短语
⑤Frankly, I am not satisfied with your work.修饰句子
形容词变副词的规则
一般情况加 ly common→commonly immediate→immediately
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾，将y改为i然后加 ly steady→steadily busy→busily
以 le结尾，去掉e加 y simple→simply gentle→gently
以 ic结尾，加 ally economic→economically scientific→scientifically
注意形近词 hard与hardly，前者表示“努力”，后者表示“几乎不”。
三、形容词和副词比较级的构成
形容词和副词的比较等级分为：原级、比较级和最高级。原级即形容词和副词的原形。比较级和最高级的词形变化分规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1．规则变化
词形分类及变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般加 er或 est tall long taller longer tallest longest
以e结尾的，只加 r或 st nice fine nicer finer nicest finest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母再加 er或 est big hot fat bigger hotter fatter biggest hottest fattest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，先变y为i再加 er或 est happy easy happier easier happiest easiest
其他双音节词和多音节词 在前面加more或most difficult beautiful more difficult more beautiful most difficult most beautiful
备注： 表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent, extreme, perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。
2．不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad (badly)/ill worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
形容词与副词比较等级的用法
1、平级比较：用as ...as ...或not ...as/so ...as引导
Henry is a worker as good as Peter (is)． 亨利和彼得一样都是好工人。
2、用“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”，意为“越……，就越……”。
The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙，就越感到高兴。
3、“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构，意为“越来越……”。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们学校正变得越来越漂亮。
4、表示“和……一样不……”时，用“no＋比较级＋than”结构。
You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。
5、最高级的常用句型
(1)形容词最高级(＋名词)＋表示范围的状语
She is the most active student in our class. 她是我们班最活跃的学生。
(2)one of＋形容词最高级＋名词复数
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.
＝Shanghai is among the biggest cities in our country. 上海是我们国家最大的城市之一。
(3)序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词
Africa is the second largest continent in the world. 非洲是世界上第二大洲。
形容词和副词的考点
在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语一般要用形容词；修饰动词、形容词和副词或整个句子，要用副词。
形容词、副词的比较级
(1)根据比较等级的句式判断，如果后面有than就用比较级；
(2)有时候比较级结构中并不出现than，而是根据语境判断出用比较级；
(3)当空格前有表示程度的词或词组，如a bit, a little, much, far, a great/good deal, a lot等或有still, even等词时，需填比较级；
(4)表示“越……，就越……”用“the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级 ...”结构。
3、形容词、副词的最高级
(1)表达在某个范围内“最……”，使用“the＋形容词/副词的最高级＋比较范围”结构。表示范围的标志词有in, of, among等；
(2)当空格前有the second/third ..., one of ...等词时，需填最高级；
(3)有些词本身就含有最高级含义，不能再用最高级，如favorite, wonderful, exhausted等。
巩固练习：
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Landing on the moon's far side is (extreme) challenging.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Bamboo：Chinese love their” Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花)：The (beauty) long branches covered with pink colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000－25,000 polar bears worldwide.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.We are so proud of her.“It's (wonder)．”
6．(2020·浙江1月高考)The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes (old) than before.
7．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are (high) than they actually are.
8．(2018·浙江6月高考)There could be an even (high) cost on your health.
9．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years (long) than non runners.
10．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
11．(2017·浙江6月高考)Sixteen years (early), Paulson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.
10．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
12．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He screams the (loud) of all.
13．(2020·太原模拟)This festival is a holiday of great significance and the one with the (long) history.
14．(2020·太原模拟)I want to live my life that way — to take it into the world and live it to the (full)．
15．(2020·太原模拟)Antarctica, the coldest place on Earth, is the fifth (large) continent in the world.
课后作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2020·北京高考)Second, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can ________ (easy) hit a person.
2．(2020·浙江1月高考)This is_________(particular) true in the US.The second reason is that people are living longer.
3．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)In the 18th and 19th centuries, ___________(wealth) people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and works of art.
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They also shared with us many ___________ (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Her years of hard work have ___________ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
6．(2021·西安模拟)The poor man was ___________ (shock) to hear this and they finally took the issue to court to get the right judgment.
7．Now it has become one of the ___________ (big) international art festivals in Asia, providing a platform for artists at home and abroad to exchange ideas.
8．(2021·合肥模拟)“Before I came to Egypt, the tourism agency told me ___________ (repeat) to bring cooling balm as a gift to make the trip ___________ (easy)，” said Mr. Ye, a 25 year old whose family sells Chinese medicine online.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．With these changes, people's pace of life has been quickened and people's work has been made more efficiently.
2．But he stays outside the list of the world's 10 rich people.
3．The meeting obvious proved to be a turning point for both of them, promoting the birth of Aliabad and later cooperation with Jerry Yang.
4．To realize my dream, I must learn as much as I can to get into a good medical college, where I can make fully preparations for the job of a doctor.
5．But Katie thought owning their own bikes would make wonderfully memories for every child.
6．But when he had recovered three days later, he felt amazing at the effect of the Chinese medicine.
7．Standing on the highest place, I felt so greatly.
8．She works hardly and has been a model teacher for ages. 4 / 5