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备战2022年上海高考英语二轮复习精品讲义第15讲 词汇UVW+阅读作文+综合 教师版
教学内容
进门小练笔2021浦东新区一模72.他处理这个问题的方法是有效的。(prove) 73.为了您的安全，请不要在走路时盯着手机看。(fix) 74.接到通知，我们出游的日期已定，风雨无阻。(regardless) 75.不言而喻，像打电话这样的语音通信，尽管不受年轻人的青睐，但比发短信更能增强 社交联系。(It)答案72. The way he(1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )') dealt with the problem(1') proved(to be) efficient(1).【Or: The way of h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is dealing with../The way for him to deal with (2) the way(that in which)(1) he dealt with the problem(1)proved proves has proved(to be) efficient(1)】.73.For the sak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e of your safety(1'), please don't walk(1') with your eyes fixed on the phone(1').[ Or: For(the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sake of) your safety(1).please don't fix your eyes on the scren of the phone(I')when walking(1)】.74.We are informe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d that(1')the date for the outing(1')has been fised(1')and we'll go(0.5)/regardless of bad weather(0.5).【or:We(have)receiv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed the notice that(l)../We are have been informed that(1")the date for the outing/excursion(1")has beendetermined decided settled(1')and we'll go(0.5")regardless of bad weather conditions(0.5)】(regardless of wind or rains 算对)75.It is self-evident ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that(1)the voice message like malking phone calls(1')，though not favoured by young people(1')，creates stronger social connections(1')than the text message(1).【Or:It is obvious ev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ident clear that(1')though yoice messages(0.5")like making phone calls(0.5")are not favored by young people(1), they(can)create(I')stronger social connections (0.5) than text messages(0.5).】《注意本句划线部分的平衡用法，出现不平 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )衡的，只给0.5分)(variants include：the voice message，voiced message(s)，the text message，texting messages，texted messages，text messaging，etc.)课堂导入素材源：global times（原文有删改)https://21世纪教育网/news/china/society/article/3041516/chinese-state-media-joins-rural-life-blogger-li-ziqis-millions ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / ) VocabularyDirections: Com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )plete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.cuts B. li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )brary C. pulled D. promoting E. weighed F. displays G. contribution H. shade I. caters J.aspect K. appealingA woman from southwes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tern China whose YouTube video channel celebrating rural life is followed by nearly 7.5 million people has been hailed by state media for her role in ____1____Chinese culture. Li Ziqi, 29, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) from Pingwu in Sichuan province, started her video blogs on traditional food and crafts three years ago after giving up city life to return to the village where she was raised by her grandparents.Li, who now loo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ks after her grandmother, has a (an)___2_____of 100 videos that have been seen tens of millions of times by audiences across the world. She also has about 20 million fans on Weibo, where a discussion about her____3____was started by network opinion leader Lei Silin on December 4 with an article that asked: “Why is Li Ziqi not exporting culture ”He said that Li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s audience was on a par with global news networks such as CNN and she reached many overseas fans. By noon on Tuesday, that topic had been viewed 770 million times and ____4____in 63,000 comments, with most praising Li.“She____5____ a ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ppy, rustic countryside life and sends out positive energy,” said one user. “Watching her videos ____6___my pressure and makes me feel comfortable and relaxed. The scenes in her videos are very beautiful.”Another wrote that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )official media failed to send out ___7___ messages about Chinese culture, but Li’s videos did. “Whether you question her or not, what she shows is traditional culture,” the user wrote.Others disagreed. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) “Li Ziqi only shows the underdeveloped____8__ of China to foreigners,” one user said. “We Chinese don’t live that way.”“She ___9___ to f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oreigners’ outdated impressions of China,” another wrote. “It is a negative culture output.”State broadc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aster CCTV___10____ into the debate on Tuesday. “Foreigners understand Li’s love and passion and that can explain why her videos are popular across the world although they don’t come with translations,” the network said. “Without a word commending China, Li promotes Chinese culture in a good way and tells a good China story.”【词汇讲解】 hailv. to call someone in order to attract their attention招呼，呼喊例：I tried to hail her from across the room.我在屋子的另一端冲她喊。craftn.skill and experienc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e, especially in relation to making objects; a job or activity that needs skill and experience, or something produced using skill and experience（尤指制作东西的）工艺，手艺；技术例：rural/ancient/traditional crafts乡村的／古老的／传统的手艺craft workers (= skilled workers)熟练工人，工匠commentn.something that you say or write that expresses your opinion评论；意见；评价；评语例：I don't want any comments on/about my new haircut, thank you!我不想听到谁对我新剪的头发说三道四，谢谢各位了！v.to make a comment评论；议论；发表意见例：My mum always comments on what I'm wearing.我妈妈总是对我的穿着指指点点。broadcastv.to send out a programme on television or radio播送（电视或无线电节目）；广播例：Radio Caroline used to broadcast from a boat in the North Sea.加罗林电台过去在北海的一艘船上广播。commendv.to formally praise someone or something赞扬，称赞，表彰例：The judge commended her for/on her bravery.法官称赞了她的勇敢。6. parn. on a par (with sb/sth)the same as or equal to someone or something和…同样，不相上下，不分伯仲例：The regenerat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion of the city's downtown dock front will put it on a par with Nice or Cannes.市中心临码头地区重建后，该市将能与尼斯或戛纳相媲美。catercater to sb/sth to satisfy a need or ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to provide what is wanted or needed by a particular person or group满足或提供（个人或团体的）愿望或需求例：Internet shopping caters to every conceivable need.网络购物满足了各种可以想象得到的需求。appealv.to interest or attract someone对…有吸引力；对…有感染力；引起兴趣例：It's a programme designed to appeal mainly to 16 to 25-year-olds.这个节目的目标观众主要是16到25岁的年轻人。【参考答案】1-5DBGCF 6-10 AKJIE【答案详解】该题需要一个ving, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据意思一位来自中国西南地区的Youtube女博主上传视频赞美乡村生活，获得近750万粉丝的订阅。国家媒体称颂她“弘扬中华文化”。所以选择D。该题需要一个名词，根据意思如今正在照料祖母的李子柒（在YouTube上）累计有100个视频。所以选择B。该题需要一个名词，根据意思网络舆论领袖 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Lei Silin在微博上的一篇文章《李子柒是不是文化输出》引发了有关李子柒所作贡献的热议。所以选择G。该题需要一个动词过去分词，根据意思截止周二中午，这个话题得到了7.7亿点击量，吸引了63000条评论。所以选择C。该题需要一个动词三单，根据意思她展现出质朴快乐的乡村生活并传递了正能量。所以选择F。该题需要一个动词三单，根据意思她的视频让我感到解压、舒适、放松。她拍摄的场景非常美。”所以选择A。该题需要一个形容词，根据意思对于中国文化，官方媒体没能传达出有吸引力的讯息，但是李的视频做到了。所以选择K。该题需要一个名词，根据意思李子柒向外国人展示的只是中国欠发达的方面。所以选择J。该题需要一个动词三单，根据意思她迎合了老外对中国的陈旧印象。所以选择I。该题需要一个动词过去式，根据意思周二，国家电视台CCTV对这场争论发表了重要意见。所以选择E。精讲精练知识点一（词汇UVW）Uugly a.难看的；令人不愉快 的;丑恶的 unable a.不能的;不会的 be unable to do...不能做 unbelievable a.难以置信的 unconscious a.失去知觉的;未意识 到的 be unconscious of 对 不了解under under ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )no circumstances在任何情况下都不能 under the leadership of...在 的领导下undergo vt.经受;经历;遭受 undergo great hardship 遭受巨大苦难underground ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a.地面下的 adv.在地(面)下的 the underground 地铁 underground railway 地铁underline vt.在……下面画线； 强调 understand n.理解；懂；熟知；通 晓;认为;推断 make oneself understood 使自己被人理解understanding a.能谅解 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的;有理解能 力的;聪明的 b.n.判断 力强的;通情达理的.理解（力）; 领会;同情;谅beyond one’s understanding 是某人无法理解的undertake vt.接受;承担 undertake a mission 接受一项使命undo vt.解开,松开；取消， 废除 unfortunate a.不幸的;令人遗憾的 union 结合;联合;团结;工 会;(大学学生)俱乐 部;会社 the Students’ Union 学生会 Trade Union 工会unique a.独特的;唯一的 unite vt.使联合;使结合 united a.联合的;统一的 the United Nations 联合国 the United States 美国universal a.普遍的;全世界的 universe 宇宙;世界 in the universe 在宇宙中upset vt.弄翻;打乱,打搅; a.使心烦意乱 a.弄翻的;心烦的 upset the balance of 打乱---的平衡 be upset about...为---难过urban a.(居住在)城市的 urban areas 城区 urban life城市生活urge vt.推进;催促;鼓动 He urged her to study physics.他鼓励她学习物理。 urgent 急迫的;紧要的usage n.使用;用法;惯用法； 习语 use n.使用 vt 使用 in use在使用着 come into use/ put sth. into use 开始使用 make use of使用;利用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of much use很有用的 use up用尽 use one’s head动脑筋，仔细考虑 useful a.有用的;有益的useless无用的uselessly adv.Vvacancy n.空白;空缺;空职 vacant a.空的;空白的；空缺 的 a vacant post空缺的职位 vacation n.休假;假期;[主美] 节(假）日，休假 go on/ take a vacation 度假 be on vacation 在休假 the summer vacation 暑假vague a.含糊的;不明确的，模糊不清的 valley n.山谷，溪谷;流域 valuable a.有价值的;有用 反义词:valueless毫无价值的invaluable a.无价的.难 以估价的value n.价值;重 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )要性;(货币 等的)面值 vt.给……估价;重视评价 be of great value to sb.对 有很大的价值 values价值观 valueless a. 无价值的 undervalue vt.低估van n.有篷载重汽车，运货 车 vary vt.使不同;改 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )变;使多 样化 vi.呈差异;变化 vary from… to...由 到 情况不等 variation n. 变化 variable a.可变化的 n.变数，变量vase n.花瓶 vast a.广阔的;广大的;广 泛的；高大的；巨大 的 vegetarian n.素食(主义)者 vehicle n.交通工具;车辆;飞 行器;(运载)航天火 箭 venture n.冒险行动;投机活 动;（冒险)事业 v.(使)有风险;冒险 a joint venture 合资企业 verb n.动词,动词词性 version n.说法；译本;版本;软 件版本 vice versa 反过来也一样;反之 亦然 victim n.牺牲者;受害者;受 骗者;牺牲品 the victim of 的受害者victory n.胜利，战胜;成功 win a victory 获得胜利view n.看；观看；视力； ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )视 域;被看见的东西； 景色 vt.观看;查看 a bird’s eye view (of sth.)鸟瞰，俯视 in view在视野之内 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in one’s view= from one’s point of view在某人看来，依某人见解 in view of由于，鉴于 with a view to doing sth 为 了 viewer n.电视观众，观看者 view …as 把…看作vigour n.体力；精力；活力； (动植物的）强健； 茁壮;气势 with vigour精力充沛的;充满活力的 vigorous a.充满活力的virus n.病毒 the common cold virus / virus infections 伤风病毒 /病 毒感染visa (护照等的)签证，背 签 visible a.看得见的;可见的 What is this object It seems to serve no visible purpose.反义词:invisible看不见的vision n.视力;视觉; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )幻想;眼 力;看法 Candidates must have normal hearing and color vision. visional a. 视觉的visit v/n. 访问，参观，游 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 览 Anyone who’s visiting in Edinburgh ought to go and see the castle. on a visit to访问，参观pay …a visit =pay a visit to参观vital a.充 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )满生机的;有生命 的;极其重要的Their leader’s vital and cheerful manner filled his men with courage. be vital for/to sth.至关重要vitality n. 活力，精力vivid a.生动的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，逼真的;生 气勃勃的 a vivid description 生动的描述 The actor gave a vivid performance as the mad king. vocabulary n.词汇(量）;词汇表 have a large vocabulary 词汇量大enlarge one’s vocabulary 扩大词汇量vocation n.职业，行业;才 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能;素 质 I know he writes for magazines, but what’s his main vocation She has a real vocation for looking after the sick.vocational a.职业的 vocational training 职业训练voice n.嗓音;表过 vt.(用言语)表达 in a loud/low voice 高声 /低声地lift /raise one’s voice 提高嗓门 with one voice 异口同声 volume n.容积;卷，册;量;音 量 We have a set of Dickens’ works in 24 volumes. The volume of this container is 100,000 cubic meters. volunteer a. 志愿(者)的 vt.自愿(做） n.志愿者 It is said that he volunteered for the discussion. He volunteered to get some water for us. The Chinese People ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s Volunteers will be remembered forever by both Chinese and Korean people.volunteer to do 自愿做vote n.投票;选举 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com );选票 vi.投票;选举;表决 vt.投票决定（或选举 等） cast/ take a vote on sth.投票 He was the candidate that received the greatest number of votes. Shall we take a vote on the question vote against投票反对 vote for投票支持 vote down投票否决 I shall vote for Heath because I think he’s the better man.voyage n.航海; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )航行;旅行 The voyage from England to India used to take 6 months.go on a voyage 去航海w wage n.工资(常作wages) waist n.腰(部);腰围 wait vi.等,等候 wait for等候，等待He’s waiting for them to tell him whether he got the job or not.Wait (for sb) to do 等待某人做…wake vi.醒来（woke, woken) vt.唤醒 wake up醒，醒来I woke (up) early in the morning and got straight out of bed. The children’s shouts woke us out of our afternoon sleep. wake up to sth.知道，明白;察觉 By the time he had woken up to the danger, it was too late. wake, awake, waken三者都可作及物动词(唤醒） ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和不及物动词(醒来）, 因而在许多情况下可以互换。但awake常作不及物 动词，作及物动词时限于用在很正式的文体或比喻 义中,表示“唤起，引起(兴趣、热情等)”Old memories awoke in her when she read the letter. 阅读那封信勾起了她对往日的回忆。此外，awake还可作形容词,表示“醒着的”。The baby is awake now and wants to eat. waken vi.醒来 vt.唤醒 walk vi/n.走;步行;散步 go for a walk去散步 take/have a walk 散步wander vi.漫游，闲逛，徘徊； 走神 We love wandering (about) the hills.ward n.病房，监护室；〈主 英〉牢房 emergency ward 急症病房 the death ward 死牢warm a.温暖的；暖和的； ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )热情的;热心的 vt.使温暖的；使暖和的;使友爱 vi.变温暖的；变暖和的;(烤火等)取暖 warm up 使变暖，做热身运动 warm-hearted a.热心的;富于同情心的 kind-hearted a.好心的whole-hearted a 全心全意的wild a.野(生）的;荒芜的; 狂热的,极为激动的 a wild elephant / idea野象/疯狂的主意be wild with anger 狂怒 be wild with joy 欣喜若狂wilderness n.荒无人烟的地区 That garden is a wilderness. wildlife n.[总称]野生动物 wipe /waip/ vt,擦，抹;消灭;使消失withdraw vt ,vi.抽回，收回 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com );撤退，撤离;提取 She withdrew her hand from the hot stoveThe army withdrew from the frontline.witness n.见证人；目击者；证据;证言 vt,目击;为作证;证明 vi.作证 They are trying to find witnesses of the accident.The women dec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ided to give witness on behalf of the accused at his trial. We witnessed the strange natural phenomenon.wonder vt. vi.对感到惊讶（或疑虑）；想知道奇迹;奇事，奇怪;奇妙;惊奇;疑惑 wonder at sth.对惊讶the wonders of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the world 世界奇迹 do / work wonder 创造奇迹 (it is) no wonder (that). 难怪It’s no wonder you can’t sleep when you eat so much.。wonderful a.极好的；精彩的;令人惊叹的;令人高兴的 wonderful news 大好消息word n.词，单词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com );言辞;话 have a word 和说话 have words 吵架 ^ keep one’s word 遵守诺言 ,break one’s wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d食言 get in a word / get a word in edgeways 插话 ,in other words也就是说,换句话说 in a word总而言之worn a.用(或穿)旧的 be worn out筋疲力尽的 worn-out shoes 穿坏了的皮鞋worsen v.; worsening adj.; ever-worsening (日益严重的）worst /w3；st/ a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).最坏的,最差、最糟的 This is the worst accident for years. 这是多来最糟的一次意外事件。worth prep.值钱；值得 n.价值;值(或相当于） ……的数量 be worth + n. / doing sth.值得worthless a.无价值的; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )没用处的 a worthless action 无益的行动worthless, valueless, priceless, valuable, invaluable, priceless, valuable, invaluable 是指“极具价值的”，而 worthless, valueless 是指“无价值的’。Good health is priceless.健康是无价的。Only a very rich man could afford to buy these invaluable paintings.These data are worthless / valueless; don，t take them too seriously.worthwhile a.值得的 a worthwhile job / cause值得干的差事/值得为之奋斗的事业worthy a.值得的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；有价值的；值得敬重的 be worthy of doing sth. / be worthy to be done 值得做某事wrap vt.包;裹;包扎;缠绕 ,wrap sth. (up.) in…用把包裹起来wreck /rek/ vt.造成(船舶等)失事 This ship was wrecked on the rocks.wrinkle 皱纹 当堂检测配套翻译 U字母1. 没有什么比看到村民依然住在缺水的环境里更令人揪心的了。(upset) （金山区一模）Nothing is m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ore upsetting than seeing the villagers still living in an environment where water is scarce.很多国际组织敦促双方应该保持冷静以遏制局势的进一步恶化，但这毫无作用。（urge v.）（青浦一模）Many internat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ional organizations urged that both sides should keep calm to stop the situation from getting worse, which did not work at all. 任何情况下，你都不应该恶意评论他人。(Under…) （黄浦二模）Under no circums ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tances should you make ill/evil/bad comments on others.这种收音机已经很落伍了，不增加新功能的话很难有销路。(unless)（闵行二模）This kind of r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )adio is quite out of fashion, so it’s hard to sell unless new features/functions are added (to it).V字母我妈妈做饭时不仅考虑营养价值，还考虑花色品种。(variety) （静安区二模）While ( when) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cooking /while(when) my mother cooks, my mother/she considers not only (just) nutrient value, but variety as well/ but also variety. W字母1. 经常换工作和住所的人常常没有安全感并且缺乏责任心。（who） （黄浦区一模）People who ofte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n change jobs and living places often lack a sense of security and a sense of responsibility.如何利用智能手机帮助学生解决学习困难以及搜寻信息仍是研发人员所关注的内容。(what) （普陀区一模）What the research ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ers care about is how to make good use of smart phones to help students solve learning difficulties and search for information.3. 一大早这些孩子就等不及要出门堆雪人、打雪仗了。（wait） （青浦一模）In the early mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rning, these children couldn’t wait （any longer） to get outdoors to make a snowman and play/fight with snow. 4. 每次轮到他制定计划的时候，他都会邀请同事们先一起商量。（Whenever）（青浦一模）Whenever it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was his turn to make a plan, he would invite his colleagues to have a discussion first.5. 无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”。(Whoever) （长宁区一模）Whoever wants to be su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ccessful should first understand the principle that success comes from hard effort/work and persistence/perseverance.6. 上海迪斯尼乐园肯定会成为一个值得多次游览的旅游景点。(worth) （虹口二模）Shanghai Disney ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )land is sure to become a place of interest / a scenic spot / a tourist attraction / destination (which / that is) worth touring / visiting many times.7.近来随着3D电影变得越来越流行，似乎3D电视也可能在不久的将来进入每个家庭。(with) （静安区二模）With the 3D ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )movies/films becoming more and more popular, in recent years, it seems that 3D TV (sets) may go into/enter every household/home in the near future.8.让没有受过专业培训的人操纵机器是不负责任的行为。(who) （黄浦二模）It is irrespon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sible/ not responsible to allow someone who hasn’t received/had professional training to operate the machine.9.听完这个教授鼓舞人心的讲座，有更多的大学毕业生愿意投身于环保事业。（willing）（浦东二模）After attendi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng/listening to the professor’s inspiring lecture, more (university) graduates are/were willing to devote themselves to the cause of environmental protection. 10.昨天他在小组讨论中关于添置运动设备的提议是否能付诸实践还拭目以待。（whether）（青浦、宝山、嘉定、长宁二模）It remains to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) be seen whether his proposal of purchasing/buying more sports facilities in the group discussion yesterday can be put into practice.11.新的交通法规规定，机动车在任何情况下都得避让行人。(way) （崇明二模）The new traff ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ic regulations make it a rule that vehicles must give way to pedestrians in any cases. According to the new traffic rules, vehicles must give way to pedestrians under any circumstances.12.家用轿车普及带来的便利不容否认，但随之产生的能源浪费、空气污染和交通拥堵等问题发人深省。(While)（嘉定二模）While the convenience ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) brought by car popularity can’t be denied, the problems such as waste of energy, airpollution and traffic jams set people thinking/ are thought-provoking.While there i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s no denying the fact that the popularity of private cars brings convenience, waste of energy,air pollution and traffic jams set people thinking/ are thought-provoking.13.诗歌大赛吸引了大批观众，他们从中领略到了汉语的魅力。（which）（青浦二模）Poetry contest a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ttracted a large audience, from which they had a taste of the charm of Chinese. 知识点二（阅读&作文精讲）阅读材料精讲What does the spre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad of street protests across Iran mean for the oil market The immediate response, driven no doubt by the substantial amounts of speculative money that are in play, is likely to be an upward spike. But although the troubles are serious and fuelled by real hardship in a struggling economy, there is no objective justification for any increase. If anything, the demonstrations can be seen as the prelude to a fall in prices. The first point ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in support of this argument is that the protests are based in the country's cities and towns and not, so far, in the oil-producing regions. The disturbances in the southern port of Bandar Abbas are serious but there has been no report of any trouble near the Abadan refinery. Stories of an attack on pipelines in the south by Sunni Islamist jihadis have not been confirmed. As yet, there is no immediate reason to think oil production will be interrupted.The second p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oint is that the overriding drive of every Iranian government over the last 38 years since the 1979 revolution has been to stay in power and preserve the Islamic Republic, even if that involves making sudden and radical changes in policy. And in this they have been remarkably successful and remarkably pragmatic. As any visitor to Tehran will notice Iranian society, below a thin theocratic layer, is open and, within limits, tolerant of different views. The country has a partial democracy in which real votes are cast.This means th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at whatever the rhetoric about using an “iron fist” to stop the protests the more likely response will be to try to buy off the protesters with increased public spending and subsidies for basic needs such as food and fuel. The obvious way to fund such spending would be to increase oil exports. With prices relatively high that is a temptation for many oil producers; for Iran it could be an imperative. It would not be surprising to see the country abandon its Opec quota.Increased Iranian ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) output and exports would come at a time when other factors in the market suggest a new year surge in production. The North Sea should very soon be fully back on stream after the Forties pipeline problems, and Libyan production should also be restored after the December pipeline fire. On these fundamentals it is hard to see prices being higher at the end of January than they are now.Those are all tempor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ary factors but there is a longer-term issue. The weakness of the Iranian economy cannot be corrected by a few handouts and subsidies. There are serious problems of unemployment and falling living standards.Two years ago the Ir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anian government came to the decision, with some reluctance, that it had to accept constraints on its nuclear programme in order to remove the sanctions that have damaged economic development. This was another example of pragmatism in action.The problem is that th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e sanctions have only partially been lifted. Most international companies, including those in the energy business, have stayed away for fear of US action against them if they do business with Tehran. That leaves the country short of investment, technology and buyers for many of its products.The current p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rotests could lead to a fresh outbreak of pragmatism in Tehran. A new deal, on both the development of nuclear weapons and the withdrawal of support for militant groups across the region from Yemen to Lebanon, is not impossible. A significant relaxation in sanctions would help the Iranian economy and would suit many would-be investors — including, of course, the international oil industry.There is a vast amo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )unt of money waiting for access to one of the last great prizes for the oil industry — huge undeveloped resources with a low cost base. President Donald Trump would no doubt claim that his pressure had forced Tehran to accept a tough deal. Crucially, though, the Islamic revolution would survive and Iran's current government would remain in power.Nothing is certain. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Hardline ideology could prevail and force the government into a long, miserable confrontation with the people. The Saudis — who would prefer the Islamic Republic as a pariah state rather than see it returning to respectability and a role as the region's dominant state — could well try to block any agreement.Whatever the outcome, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )there is a sense of instability and unfinished business across the Middle East; is not going to be a dull year.教师版译文：街头抗议在伊朗各地蔓延对石 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )油市场来说意味着什么 毫无疑问，由于大量投机资金的作用，最直接的反应可能是油价上涨。但是，尽管目前的问题很严重，且处于困境中的伊朗经济存在实实在在的困难、使得境况愈发严峻，但并没有客观理由来支撑油价上涨。真要说的话，示威活动倒可以被视为油价下跌的前奏。支撑该观点的第一个理由是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，抗议活动主要发生在伊朗的城镇中，目前为止尚未波及石油出产地区。南部港口阿巴斯港(Bandar Abbas)的骚乱较为严重，但在阿巴丹(Abadan)炼油厂附近没有出现问题。有关逊尼派伊斯兰圣战分子袭击了伊朗南部输油管道的报道，截至目前为止未得到证实。迄今为止，没有直接理由认为伊朗石油生产会中断。第二个理由是，自1979伊朗伊斯兰革 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )命以来，过去38里每届伊朗政府的首要目标都是继续掌权并维系这个伊斯兰共和国，即使这涉及做出突然而激进的政策转变。他们一直在非常成功并且极为务实地这样做。正如所有去过德黑兰的人都会发现的那样，在薄薄的一层神权统治之下，伊朗社会是开放的，并可以在一定限度内容忍不同观点。伊朗拥有部分的民主，选民投出的选票是真实的。这意味着，无论领导人口头上说要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )怎样用“铁腕”来阻止抗议活动，更可能的反应是，通过增加公共支出、以及补贴食品和燃料等必需品来收买示威者。为此类支出提供资金的显而易见的办法是增加石油出口。在油价相对较高的情况下，增加出口对很多石油生产国都是一种诱惑;对伊朗而言，这可能势在必行。因此如果伊朗不管欧佩克石油生产配额，将不令人意外。伊朗增加石油产量和出口的时候，将正值市场其他 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )因素显示新的一产量将激增之际。在Forties输油管道故障解决后，北海油田应该会很快全面恢复供应，12月管道起火后产量下降的利比亚应该也会恢复正常供应。以这些基本面因素来看，1月底的石油价格很难超过现在的水平。这些都是暂时性因素，但还有一个较长期的问题。伊朗经济的疲软无法通过寥寥无几的救济和补贴来纠正。伊朗还存在失业和生活水平下降的严重问题。两前，伊朗政府不太情愿地决定：为了摆脱破坏其经济发展的制裁措施，伊朗不得不接受对其核项目的限制。这是又一个伊朗发挥务实主义的例子。问题在于，制裁只得到了部分解除。包括 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能源企业在内的大多数跨国企业都一直对伊朗敬而远之，因为担心与德黑兰方面做生意会让自己遭到美国惩罚。这使得伊朗缺少投资、技术和买家来发展自己的很多产品。目前的抗议活动可能导致德黑兰方 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )面紧急采取新一轮实用主义举措。签订一份关于发展核武器和不再支持从也门到黎巴嫩的整个地区的武装组织的新协议，也不是不可能的事情。大幅放松制裁将有助于伊朗经济，并顺应很多潜在投资者的心意——其中当然包括国际石油工业。目前有大量资金正等待进入石油行业最 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后的宝地之一——这里有大量资源尚未开发，而且成本水平较低。美国总统唐纳德 特朗普(Donald Trump)必然会声称，是他的施压迫使德黑兰方面接受了一份难以下咽的协议。不过，关键在于伊斯兰革命的硕果将得以保全，并且伊朗现任政府将继续掌权。一切都说不准。强硬的意识形态可 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能压倒其他因素、迫使伊朗政府陷入与人民漫长而痛苦的对立。更希望看到伊斯被视为贱民国家、而不是重新获得尊重并恢复该地区主导国家地位的沙特人，很可能试图阻止达成任何协议。不管结果如何，整个中东都存在一种不稳定和事情还没消停的感觉;不会是沉闷的一。作文精讲（演讲类）Writing 1假设你叫李华,你将作为高三毕业生代表在毕业晚 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )会上用英文作简 短的告别演讲。你的演讲必须包括以下内容:1.对三高中生活的怀念；2.对老 师的感谢；3.对母校的祝福。高分范文 1Good evening, everyone，It’s a great honor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for me to deliver a brief farewell speech on the graduation evening party tonight on behalf of all the Senior Three graduates. During the three years, we spent our best time of our life studying and playing together. There is still a vivid scene in my mind where we just finished our military training and got a general idea of each other. Three years saw our growing up from a teenager to an adult, after we have struggled in the sports meeting, the art festival and the college entrance examination. I believe that We’ll always treat these three years’ memory as treasure for the lifetime.Now, with a mixe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d feeling of excitement, sadness and gratitude, I want to say to our dearest teachers, “Thank you from the bottom of our heart. ” It is you who enlighten our mind and broaden our horizons. It is you who tap our creative potential and help us be independent learners. It is you who teach us the importance of being honest and understanding as well as remind us to look at the world objectively so as to make sensible judgment when we meet with difficulties. We gained the knowledge of academy and life with your help and encouragement, and now it is high time that we did something for you in return.Finally, I want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to express our sincere blessings to our school. We, the seeds, can’t grow without you，the soil. May you live long and have better scores in the future!高分范文 2My dear teachers and fellow schoolmates,I am honored to s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tand here as the representative of the Senior Three graduates to deliver a farewell speech.At this very mom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent, I can’t help but marvel at how time flies. The day I stepped on our campus is still a vivid scene in my mind. Never will I forget the hard time we spend on math drills or English dictations, working all out to pursue a noble goal rooted in our heart. Never will I forget those exciting and fabulous school events. The sports meetings, art festival, the survival training are all dazzling diamonds worthy of preservation for good. Never will I forget, of course, the joy and sorrow I share with you, my fellow schoolmates. It was you that offered me shoulders to cry on and a helping hand when I was in trouble.Beyond words as m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y intricate feelings are, I must express my sincere gratitude to all the teachers that have guided me, supported me and kept me company when I was lost in frustrations. I, on behalf of all the students, thank you for your teaching, love and trust. However we’ve performed over the past three years, your patience and kindness are what we’ll remember forever.Destiny brings all o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f us together on this campus. These three years are treasure I will cherish and learn from. I hope that our school will be thriving and prosperous and she will be the cradle of the geniuses of our country. Thanks for your listening.高分范文 3Good evening, my dear teachers and schoolmates,I am glad to h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave the chance to make the farewell speech on behalf of all the students in Grade 3 at the graduation ceremony.While I am stand ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing here, a flock of memories are fighting for my attention. Three years in the high school is really a bitter-sweet experience. In the classroom, we used to deal with tests and strive for our dreams together. On the playground, we used to fill the air with happiness and liveliness of youth. In the theatre, we used to show our talents freely and have good times. Every second we’ve spent in campus seems so unforgettable.And what have made ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) our school life most memorable and valuable are of course you, my dear teachers. Besides offering us a wealth of knowledge, you have broadened our horizons and given us insights, showing us a brand-new picture of the wonderful world. Also, you have always been practicing what you preach, and we will always treasure those virtues you’ve taught us： patience, self-discipline, honesty, and industry. Last but not least, you equip us with courage and ambition to face our uncertain future and step into the competition society. We really appreciate your company and inspiration, and I hope one day I will be a person like you.How time flie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s! The day to leave our alma mater is drawing near，but our hearts will still in the campus, praying for glories and a bright future for the school forever. And that’s all for my speech. Thank you very much.高分范文 4Dear teachers and my fellow classmates,I’m now standing he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re, on behalf of all the Senior 3 students who are soon leaving their beloved mother school, to make a speech.Three years is r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ather short, too short for us to experience everything. Three years is also quite long, long enough for us to transform from naive to mature. Three years’ life on campus is just like a box of chocolate. Along with sweetness and fantasies is bitterness. Never can I forget the moment when my class won the 3rd place in the art festival, a reward for our previous hard joint efforts. We cheered and we cried. Scenes of repeated rehearsals displayed in our minds like films. We got to know that you have to spare no effort if you want to succeed. What’s more, we also learned the power of collaboration. The same principle also applies to other group activities and our study. Nevertheless, things do not always go so smooth. It seems inevitable that one shall fail in exams in our school. Despite the terrifying scores, we soon found that scores didn’t matter, but that our attitude counted. As long as we don’t lose heart, nor do we give up half way, we are doomed to succeed. Three years’ campus life is colorful as well as instructive.Whatever achievemen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts we have made, we shall never forget our teachers. It is with their help that we got out of difficulties. It is their warm smiles and words of comfort that encouraged us to go further. They are like candles, lighting themselves, to bring brightness to us students. Let’s give them applause to show our sincere gratitude.At this instant o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f farewell, mixed feelings flood out of my mind, I just want to say: “Thank you. And wish all of you a promising future.”高分范文 5Dear schoolmates and teachers,I’m greatly honor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed to address all of you on behalf of the 2012th graduates at the solemn graduating ceremony. With the end of the college entrance examination, we are to part, and run after our respective goals. We can’t help, however, looking back to what we have left, feeling satisfied and comfortable.We have been fighting ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for exactly three years. From the day when we first stepped into the new classroom with curiosity, innovation and aspiration, a long but interesting, challenging but rewarding journey has been started. Difficult as the teaching contents were, we not only made great progress in academy, but also devoted ourselves to some activities of more meaning and significance such as the art festival, sports meeting and volunteering work, from which we had learnt the spirit of cooperation, teamwork and dedication that didn’t exist in textbooks.Still, we can’t f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orget our dearest teachers who have accompanied us for such a long time. We are much obliged to them for all the days when they neglected meals and sleep just to help us with our study. The wrinkles on their faces are the symbol of their eternal love for us. June is the time of farewell. We look back, and are sure to run towards the future more energetically.Writing 2竞选英语俱乐部主席演讲稿假设你是张华。你要竞选英语俱乐部主席，请写一篇竞选演讲词。演讲词 包括：1.你认为自己具备什么条件？2. 如果当选你会为大家做什么？高分范文 1Good afternoon, everyone!It’s a great h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )onor to stand on this stage for the election of President of English Lovers’ Club. My name is Zhang Hua. I believe that opportunitiesonly favour those who get fully prepared, and to my belief, I’m quite competent.My first advanta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge is the excellent performance in study. Chinese, maths and English haj/e always been my strong subjects. And I am especially good at English. Last term, I was honored to be awarded the first prize in the English contest. My excellent school work is a solid proof of my learning ability. Although I am called an eager beaver in my study, I am not a book worm at all. In my opinion, activities carry as much weight as study. In my spare time, I have a variety of interests. I am crazy about NBA and enjoy a wide range of music. And after school，I often join our classmates in playing basketball or soccer. I am always the core member of the team. Besides, I have been playing the Chinese violin for nearly eight years and have won lots of awards in different kinds of competitions. My strong sense of team spirit and various interests may bring the club more Vitality. Furthermore, I am always regarded as a warm-hearted and just person. That’s why I am quite popular among my fellow classmates. They like.to turn to me for help when in trouble，and of course, in most cases，I can help them within my power.All in all, I bel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ieve I have the qualities required to be a leader of the club. I’m the right person for this position. Please vote for me. Thank you.高分范文 2Dear fellow students,Good afternoon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )! I’m one of the candidates, Zhang Hua. Speaking to you today to run for the president of the English Club in our school and I have every faith in myself that you’ll also agree I，m the right one for the position after my speech.As for qualific ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ations, since I’ve already passed the interpretation test with the highest score, my English ability, whether oral or written, can without doubt help me handle the challenging tasks as well as set a good example to all the members. As an active participant in the club for 2 years, so familiar am I with the daily operation of the club that I’ve already drawn a well-planed blueprint in my mind for the brighter future of the club. Thirdly, it’s known to all that I feature a great enthusiasm for English and that such is my talent and creativity that I’ll surely bring some fresh air to the club, and add to its vitality and diversity as well.If I’m lucky en ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ough to win over other opponents and finally be elected president, I’ll first organize more interesting activities such as western film watching and poems recitation and so on, you name it, so as to attract more students to join us. Secondly, I’ll invite more native speakers including foreign teachers and exchange students to communicate with our members, let them grasp a brief idea of other cultures, and thus arouse their interests in English learning. As long as we have grown to a certain scale, I’ll negotiate with teachers to hold an annual English Festival, yes, our own festival and chances are that it’ll become a shining stage for our members to show their talents in front of the whole school.All in all, actio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n speaks louder than words. The only thing you have to do now is to trust me, and just wait and see my gorgeous performance. Vote for me and I，m bound to return you a wonder! That’s all. Thanks for your attention.温故知新知识点三（综合能力提升）控江中学十月高三月考试卷GrammarParadise LostOn the Medit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erranean island of Majorca, the locals are angry. Too late. In the last quarter of the 20th century, they profited from foreign visitors, mainly Germans, (21)______(want) to buy property on their idyllic (田园般的) island. Suddenly it occurred to Majorcans (22)______ the island no longer belonged to them. They don’t deny tourism’s vital contribution to the local economy. The industry has transformed Majorca from one of Spain’s poorest parts to the richest in per capita income. But the island’s inhabitants are convinced that the 14 million foreign visitors a year are far too much of a good thing. Water is rationed, pollution (23)______(worsen), and there is no affordable housing left for them to buy.On the other si ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )de of the world, 250 Filipinos were recently forced to leave their homes. Their lake-shore village was cleared and worst of all, many houses (24)______(destroy). The intention of the authorities was to make way (25)______ a major business venture -- not oil, logging, or mining, but an environmentally-friendly holiday resort.“The issue i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s massive and global,” says Tricia Barnett, director of Tourism Concern, (26)______ charity which campaigns for more responsible approaches to travel, “Tourists in Africa will be having a shower aid then will see a local woman with a pot of water (27)______ her head, and they are not making the connection. Sometimes you'll see a village with a single tap, when each hotel has taps and showers m every room.”The problem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is that tourists demand so much water. A tourist in Spain uses up 880 liters of water a day, (28)______(compare) with 250 liters by a local. An l8-hole golf course in a dry country can consume as much water as a town of 10,000 people.For many poo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rer countries, tourism may still offer (29)______(good) hope for development. The Vietnamese are doing their best to open up their country; Iran is working on a master plan for their tourism; Libya has paid $1 million for a study. They all want tourists. And people like to discover ever new parts of the world, when they are tired of mass tourism. (30)______ ______ a country doesn't have beaches, it can offer mountains and deserts and unique cultures.【答案】21. wanting 22. that 23. is worsening 24. were destroyed 25. for26. a 27. on pared 29. the best 30. Even if/ Even though【分析】21. 考察非谓语。空所在的句子只 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有一个谓语，没有连词，所以应从非谓语角度考虑。want的逻辑主语为Germans，是德国人想要购买岛屿，所以为主动故填wanting。22. 考察连词。occurred ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和belonged两个谓语没有连词，应填连词。It occurred to sb. that…表示某人突然想到…，it作形式主语的句型。23. 考察谓语动词时态语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )态。通过water is和there is以及and，可以判断出是三句话通过and连接的并列结构。所以worsen应作为pollution的谓语。污染变严重应该是主动，且正在变严重所以应该用现在进行时。24. 考察谓语动词时态语态 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。一个谓语动词was和一个连词and，所以缺一个谓语动词。房屋被摧毁，所以被动。时态通过and的并列结构得出应用一般过去时。25. 考察介词。先判定范围为介词，固定搭配make way for sth. 为…开路，让路。当局的意图是为主要一项主要的商业投资让路。26. 考察冠词。排除法来确定范围为冠词。charity在前文未出现过，所以填不定冠词a。27. 考察介词。前文指出水资源匮乏，游客在酒店淋浴而当地妇女需要自己挑水，因为有head所以是用头顶着水回家，故填on。28. 考察非谓语。确定为非谓语，非谓语作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )状语时其逻辑主语则是主句的主语tourists，游客与当地人相比，所以是被动。故填compared。29. 考察形容词最高级。这里没有比较对象，所以应填最高级。对许多贫困国家来说，旅游业仍然是最好的发展希望。30. 考察壮从连词。doesn’t h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave和can两个动词，所以需要填连词，位于句首且两空确定为壮从连词。从句意角度分析：一个国家虽然没有沙滩，但是它可以提供山峦、沙漠和独一无二的文化。让步壮从两空连词则可确定为even if/ even though，注意句首大写。VocabularyA. differences B. at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hletes C. followed D. favorite E. typicalF. titles G. won H. purity I. plus J. spread K. priorityAdele, 28, may not be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a(n) (31)______ role model. She used to smoke and drink a lot, and she swears. But this London girl has (32)______ the hearts of millions of people with her amazing voice. Just as U.S. singer Beyoncé Knowles told Vanity Fair, “When she sings, you can feel honesty and (33)______.”This year's Grammy Aw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ards, held on Feb. 12, saw Adele's popularity reach new heights. The British singer won all five (34)______ for which she was nominated. She took home awards for her comeback album 25 and hit single “Hello”, in an unexpected and shocking victory over Beyoncé.Despite this, the si ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nger revealed that she once nearly lost her voice. After a big year in 2011, she developed throat problems. “Singers are vocal (35)______. It's the same as an American football player having a knee problem,” her doctor Steven Zeitels told the BBC. In many ways, the worst part for Adele was how quickly the news changed. Rumors like “she will never sing again!” and “She wants to kill herself” soon (36)______.Adele cried a lo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t. “But crying is really bad for your vocal cords (声带), too!” She said in an interview with Vogue magazine.To get her voice back ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), she (37)______ her doctor’s strict orders after surgery. All she’s ever “wanted to do is sing,” she told NBC’s Today Show. So, Adele cut her (38)______ food, curry, from her diet and gave up drinking and smoking.But it’s not just ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her singing that the public loves. The singer’s girl-next-door personality is also a big (39)______. In a Saturday Night Live comedy scene, Adele was shown to be the one who could make arguing relatives at the Thanksgiving dinner table put their (40)______ aside.She explaine ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d her popularity in an interview with Rolling Stone: “I think I remind everyone of themselves. Not saying everyone is my size, but it's relatable because I'm not perfect.”【答案】：31，E 32,G ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 33,H 34,F 35,B 36,J 37,C 38,D 39,I 40,A【解析】：31，根据词性这里需要一次形容词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，在根据句意Adele 可能不是典型的榜样，因为后面说到她过去吸烟和喝酒，所以不是典型意义上的榜样模型。所以选E。32，根据词性这里需要一个动词，后面说这个伦敦女孩子用她不可思议的嗓音赢得了很多人的心，所以选G。33，根据词性这里需要一个和前面诚实一个词性，所以是需要一个名词，并且是一个褒义词，所以选H。34，根据句意，这个英国歌手荣获所有五个奖项，这里titles指称号，符合句意。35，首先这里需要一个可数的复数形式名词，在根据句意，歌手实际上是语音上的运动员，符合意思。36，根据句意，这里说Ad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ele糟糕的部分，比如一些谣言，她永远不会在唱歌了，还有她会杀了自己这些消息不久传播开来。所以选J，spread传播。37，根据句意，为了重新恢复自己的声音，她在手术之后遵循了医生的严格要求，所以选follow 有遵循的意思。38，根据句意，为了恢复自己的声音，她断绝了她最喜欢的事物，比如咖喱。39，根据句意，不仅仅是她的歌声使公众喜欢，还有她的邻家姑娘的性格也是一个大家喜欢她的原因，所以选plus,加分项。40，根据句意，Adele被展示成为一个让有争议的亲戚在感恩节餐桌上让他们对她之前的事不计前嫌。ClozeCalifornia is set to o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pen its roads up for the first time to self-driving vehicles with no human drivers.The Department of Mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tor Vehicles announced plans to allow testing on state roads later this year of truly ___41___ cars.Until now, California ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )has only allowed testing of autonomous vehicles with a driver ready to ___42___ if something goes wrong.The proposed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )change would allow testing of vehicles ___43___ steering wheel or pedal controls. However any autonomous vehicle being tested must be remotely controllable and able to ___44___ itself in an emergency.A hearing will be he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld next month to get public comments on the issue before the change can ___45___. Officials say they hope the new rules can receive final ___46___ by December. The proposed roles open the path for self-driving cars to be widely sold and used throughout the state, officials said. Truly self-driving vehicles could be ___47___ for sale in California as early as .The cars must als ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o meet all federal ___48___ requirements to be allowed on Caledonia roads. The U.S. government ___49___ its own set of guidelines for self-driving vehicles last September. Officials said the guidelines ___50___ bring about a “responsible introduction” of autonomous technology in a “safe, clean, efficient” way.California is the l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )argest automobile market in the United States. Currently. 27 companies have ___51___ to test autonomous vehicles on the state’s public roads. These include major U.S. and ___52___ carmakers, as well as technology companies like Google and Uber. Ride-sharing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) company Uber was forced to pull its test cars out of California last December after a dispute with officials over ___53___ permits. Uber had argued it did not need state permits for testing because its vehicles were not “___54___ autonomous.” But last week, Uber finally ___55___ to state officials and got the required permit to test its self-driving cars in California.41. A. nonpolluting B. nonprofit C. wheelless D. driverless42. A. check over B. take over C. run over D. hand over43. A. except B. besides C. with D. without44. A. drive B. test C. stop D. turn45. A. take steps B. take effect C. make effort D. make profit46. A. renewal B. signal C. approval D. official47. A. accessible B. available C. acceptable D. favorable48. A. environment B. entry C. energy D. safety49. A. revealed B. relieved C. released D. restrained50. A. were determined to B. were intended toC. were reported to D. were about to51. A. inquiries B. permission C. authority D. regulations52. A. local B. minor C. prospering D. foreign53. A. entitled B. required C. prepared D. shared54. A. unsafely B. unfavorably C. beneficially D. fully55. A. gave in B. gave up C. gave away D. gave back【答案】41-45 DBDCB 46-50 CBDCB 51-55 BDBDA【解析】41. 选D，词汇复现题，→上一段“self-driving cars”可知此处选D。42. 选B，考察词组意义，此处根据语义，当自驾 车辆出现问题时，需要人工司机来“接管”即take over43. 选D，考察介词语义，由上文可知，之前只允许有司机的自驾车试运行，此次才是真正无司机，因此选D。44. 选C，考察动词，howerver表示出上面无人车测试的条件，要保证安全当然是需要车能自动“停下”，在紧急事件中。45. 选B，考察词组，take effect表示生效，以为在该政策变化实施前还会有一个hearing听证会。46. 选C，考察名词，搭配final，从搭配和语义来说只有approval同意，批准，合适47. 选B，考察形容词，此处搭配for sales意为无人车辆可供购买，accessible意味可接近的，不符合语义。48. 选D，考察名词，此处名词修饰requirement，自然是达到安全标准的车辆才能上路。49. 选C，考察名词，政府发布指导意见应为release，A意味揭露，D为限制50. 选B，考察词组，be intended for意为“为….而设计，”表达目的51. 选B，考察名词，A意为询问，B许可，C权威，当局，D规定，公司拥有的自然是许可。52. 选D，考察形容词，呼应U.S，这些公司包括美国境内和国外的公司，C意为繁荣的53. 选B，考察动词，permit作名词意为许可证，dispute分歧，由语义可知此处搭配B，同时最后一句也有复现。54. 选D，考察副词，fully autonomous意为“完全自动的”符合语义。55. 选A，考察词组，A屈服，B放弃,C捐赠.泄露, 最终优步还是让步了申请了许可。Reading comprehension(A)Jamie was like a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )magnet -- she always had a crowd around her. She wasn’t especially pretty, and she wasn’t particularly good at sports. But she was one of the most popular students at school. Everyone loved her!Why What was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) it about Jamie that made everyone notice her If her looks and her talents weren’t anything to show off, what did she have going for her Here it is -- short and simple -- Jamie had learned the secret of how to make friends and keep them. Her secret is: Be nice to others! Jamie was kind and genuinely cared about others; people responded by wanting to be around her.Going along wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th this big secret of making friends are a few additional suggestions:Smiling suggests conf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )idence. There is something fascinating about someone who smiles a lot. We are automatically drawn to someone who is happy. Wearing a smile usually implies the person behind it is approachable. An approachable person makes others feel at ease and comfortable.Smiles also conv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ey confidence, which is really important when making friends. You don’t have to actually feel confident to smile, but when you do, people will think you are. Furthermore, the more you smile, the more natural your smile will be. You'll gain confidence from smiling!Learn to listen and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) talk. Everyone wants to talk. We all have a story to tell. Each of us enjoys having someone listen to what we say. It makes us feel important when someone is truly interested in what we're saying.When other people fin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d out you are willing to listen, they will be talking to you! When someone is talking to you, zero in 100 per cent on that person. Don’t pretend to listen but really think about something else. That won’t work in making friends.Meanwhile don't put ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the burden of the entire conversation an someone else. You've got to do your part, too. It is learning when to talk that is important. Try not to talk just to hear yourself talking; no one else can get a word in.Everyone should ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lean to give and take in any relationship. Learn to move from being the center of attention to focusing on the needs of others. Modesty is extremely attractive.Try to add val ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ue to those around you. People light up when you recognize something they do well and let them know. It only takes a minute to give someone a compliment or to notice what gifts a person has. It automatically adds value to how they see themselves. Try to be the kind of person who's always seeing the positive qualities in others. Don't tear someone down.56. How many suggestions does the writer give on making friends A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four57. What must you pay ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) attention to when you are listening to your friend talking A. You must not get a word in. B. You should smile at your friend.C. You must not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) focus on your friend. D. You should listen attentively.58. Which of the following is true according to the passage A. Being modest can make you popular with others.B. An approachable person can keep good relationship with everyone.C. You should wear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a smile to make yourself feel at ease and comfortable.D. Focus only on the listener when you are talking to him.【答案】1.C 2.D 3.A【分析】56. 细节推断题。通读全文在交朋友方面作者总共给了三条建议，分别是“Smiling suggestsconfidence. ”，“Lear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n to listen and talk.” ，“Try to add value to those around you” 三条，因此答案是C。57. 细节推断题。通过题干中“whe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n you are listening to your friends”可知答案定位在第六段“learn to listen and talk”中。根据其中“When someone is talking to you, zero in 100 per cent on that person. Don’t pretend to listen but really think about something else. That won’t work in making friends. ”可知答案是D。58. 推理判断题。文章主要讲 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )解了如何能让你受欢迎。主要从三个方面给出了建议，保持微笑，善于倾听以及不吝啬赞扬。总结起来就是做一个谦虚的人，所以答案是A。(B)In a darkened ro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )om at the edge of downtown Washington, D.C., electronic music pulses over the speakers as a crowd of mostly sweaty young women bop (跳跃) up and down. Candles burn at the front and inspirational slogans cover the walls. Sadly, this is not a carnival, but rather a mid-afternoon spin class (动感单车课). It is run by Soul Cycle, which promotes the idea that riding an exercise bike to loud music is similar to entering a “soul sanctuary (箱神圣殿).” The experience, which also involves awkwardly lifting weights while cycling, costs about $35 for 45 minutes. This does not deter its well-off customers: “Some of the women come here every day,” says a staff member, her eyebrows raised.The recession ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of 2008 damaged many industries. One which emerged remarkably unharmed was exercise. According to figures from the International Health, Racquet and Sports Club Association, an industry group, gym members number 54 million in , up from 45 million in 2009. Twice as many Americans subscribe to gyms as in the mid-1990s. Yet the population has not gotten visibly healthier. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 美国疾病控制与预防中心), a government agency, in 2013 a quarter of adults engaged in no leisure-time physical activity at all. Between 2001 and 2012, the proportion of the population who are obese or extremely obese grew from 36% to 41%. That increase has slowed in the past five years, but it has not yet reversed.The explanation of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) this paradox lies in who is doing the exercise. Where once “prosperous” was a synonym for overweight, being fit is a marker of status. Outposts of Soul Cycle are to be found in the Hamptons and Westchester County in New York. In such places small gyms, yoga studios and the like, which make their money from hosting classes rather than through membership fees, balloon. They advertise fitness as something close to religion. At CrossFit, which describes itself as “a word and a phenomenon,” though it mostly involves weightlifting, customers are described as “athletes”. Exercise is not quite yet luxurious, but it may be getting that way.59. The propor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion of the population who are obese is probably now ________.A. 39% B. 41% C. 43% D. 45%60. Which of the following is NOT true A. In spite of the i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ncreasing number of people involved in exercise, on the whole, the U.S. still didn't get rid of obesity. B. The number of gym ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )members has risen by 20% since the last recession, which is quite different from many other industries. C. Although dev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oted to exercise class run by gyms and yoga studios, people are sad to find that they are getting irreversibly obese. D. With gyms emph ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )asizing the importance of fitness, many people have subscribed to gym regardless of the high prices.61. The underlined word “balloon” in paragraph 3 means “________”.A. disappear quickly or last briefly B. earn a large sum of moneyC. become larger in size D. increase rapidly in number62. The author ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'s attitude toward small gyms and yoga studios such as Soul Cycle is ________.A. critical B. indifferent C. neutral D. positive【答案】1.C 2.C 3.D 4.C【分析】59. 细节推理题。根据题干可 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )将答案定位在二段，根据段中的内容“Between 2001 and 2012, the proportion of the population who are obese or extremely obese grew from 36% to 41%. That increase has slowed in the past five years, but it has not yet reversed.”可知，虽然健身行业发展很快但是并没有解决肥胖问题，之前从36%增长到了41%，但是增长速度在下降。那么可知到现在数据要比41%高，但是增长速度不能超过4%，因此C最合适。60. 判断推理题。根据题干可将答 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )案定位在第二段“Between 2001 and 2012, the proportion of the population who are obese or extremely obese grew from 36% to 41%. That increase has slowed in the past five years, but it has not yet reversed. ”虽然肥胖人群在上升，但是并没有说这些人减不掉，所以选C。61. 词意推测体。根据上文意思可知这里说的是小的健身房发展的非常快，因此这里是指数量上不断增加。答案选D。62. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章详细讲解了健身运动发展迅速，但是缺没有解决肥胖的问题，肥胖人群数量仍然在上升。但是作者并没有对这个现象进行评估没有说这个一定是好的或者坏的。因此这题选C。(C)A novel is a story ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )transmitted from the novelist to the reader. It offers distraction, entertainment, and an opportunity to unwind or focus. But it can also be something more powerful -- a way to learn about how to live. Read at the right moment in your life, a novel can -- quite literally -- change it.The Novel Cure ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is a reminder of that power. It is regarded as a grand display of literary fiction and a celebration of the possibilities of the novel. To create this apothecary (药房），the authors have trawled (searched through) two thousand years of literature for novels that effectively promote happiness, health, and sanity (神志清醒), written by brilliant minds who knew what it meant to be human and wrote their life lessons into their fiction. Readers simply look up their ailment (微恙), be it agoraphobia (广场恐怖症；陌生环境恐怖症), boredom, or a midlife crisis, and are given a novel to read as the antidote (remedy).The authors, El ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )la Berthoud and Susan Elderkin, met as English Literature students at Cambridge University, where they began giving novels to each other whenever one of them seemed in need of a boost. In 2008 they set up a bibliotherapy service through a cultural enterprise, and since then have been prescribing books to clients all over the world.Bibliotherapy does no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t discriminate between pains of the body and pains of the head (or heart). Aware that you've been cowardly Pick To Kill a Mockingbird for an injection of courage. Experiencing a sudden, acute fear of death Read One Hundred Years of Solitude for some perspective on the larger cycle of life. Nervous about throwing a dinner party Ali Smith’s There but for the will convince you that yours could never go that wrong. Whatever your condition, the prescription is simple: a novel (or two), to be read at regular intervals and in nice long chunks until you finish. Some treatments will lead to a complete cure. Others will offer solace (comfort), showing that you’re not the first to experience these emotions. The Novel Cure is also peppered with useful lists and sidebars (边导航，边栏，侧边栏) recommending the best novels to read when you’re stuck in traffic or can’t fall asleep, the most important novels to read during every decade of life, and many more.Brilliant in con ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cept and deeply satisfying in execution. The Novel Cure belongs on everyone’s book shelf a中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
备战2022年上海高考英语二轮复习精品讲义第15讲 词汇UVW+阅读作文+综合 学生版
教学内容
进门小练笔2021浦东新区一模72.他处理这个问题的方法是有效的。(prove) 73.为了您的安全，请不要在走路时盯着手机看。(fix) 74.接到通知，我们出游的日期已定，风雨无阻。(regardless) 75.不言而喻，像打电话这样的语音通信，尽管不受年轻人的青睐，但比发短信更能增强 社交联系。(It)课堂导入素材源：global times（原文有删改)https://21世纪教育网/news/china/society/article/3041516/chinese-state-media-joins-rural-life-blogger-li-ziqis-millions ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / ) VocabularyDirections: Co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mplete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.cuts B. libra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry C. pulled D. promoting E. weighed F. displays G. contribution H. shade I. caters J.aspect K. appealingA woman from s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )outhwestern China whose YouTube video channel celebrating rural life is followed by nearly 7.5 million people has been hailed by state media for her role in ____1____Chinese culture. Li Ziqi, 29, from Pin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gwu in Sichuan province, started her video blogs on traditional food and crafts three years ago after giving up city life to return to the village where she was raised by her grandparents.Li, who now looks ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )after her grandmother, has a (an)___2_____of 100 videos that have been seen tens of millions of times by audiences across the world. She also has about 20 million fans on Weibo, where a discussion about her____3____was started by network opinion leader Lei Silin on December 4 with an article that asked: “Why is Li Ziqi not exporting culture ”He said that Li’s aud ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ience was on a par with global news networks such as CNN and she reached many overseas fans. By noon on Tuesday, that topic had been viewed 770 million times and ____4____in 63,000 comments, with most praising Li.“She____5____ a happy, rustic countryside life and sends out positive energy,” said one user. “Watching her videos ____6___my pressure and makes me feel comfortable and relaxed. The scenes in her videos are very beautiful.”Another wrote ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that official media failed to send out ___7___ messages about Chinese culture, but Li’s videos did. “Whether you question her or not, what she shows is traditional culture,” the user wrote.Others disagreed. “Li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Ziqi only shows the underdeveloped____8__ of China to foreigners,” one user said. “We Chinese don’t live that way.”“She ___9___ to f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oreigners’ outdated impressions of China,” another wrote. “It is a negative culture output.”State broadca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ster CCTV___10____ into the debate on Tuesday. “Foreigners understand Li’s love and passion and that can explain why her videos are popular across the world although they don’t come with translations,” the network said. “Without a word commending China, Li promotes Chinese culture in a good way and tells a good China story.”【词汇讲解】 hailv. to call someone in order to attract their attention招呼，呼喊例：I tried to hail her from across the room.我在屋子的另一端冲她喊。craftn.skill and exper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ience, especially in relation to making objects; a job or activity that needs skill and experience, or something produced using skill and experience（尤指制作东西的）工艺，手艺；技术例：rural/ancient/traditional crafts乡村的／古老的／传统的手艺craft workers (= skilled workers)熟练工人，工匠commentn.something that you say or write that expresses your opinion评论；意见；评价；评语例：I don't want any comments on/about my new haircut, thank you!我不想听到谁对我新剪的头发说三道四，谢谢各位了！v.to make a comment评论；议论；发表意见例：My mum always comments on what I'm wearing.我妈妈总是对我的穿着指指点点。broadcastv.to send out a programme on television or radio播送（电视或无线电节目）；广播例：Radio Caroline used to broadcast from a boat in the North Sea.加罗林电台过去在北海的一艘船上广播。commendv.to formally praise someone or something赞扬，称赞，表彰例：The judge commended her for/on her bravery.法官称赞了她的勇敢。6. parn. on a par (with sb/sth)the same as or equal to someone or something和…同样，不相上下，不分伯仲例：The regeneration ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the city's downtown dock front will put it on a par with Nice or Cannes.市中心临码头地区重建后，该市将能与尼斯或戛纳相媲美。catercater to sb/sth to satisfy a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )need or to provide what is wanted or needed by a particular person or group满足或提供（个人或团体的）愿望或需求例：Internet shopping caters to every conceivable need.网络购物满足了各种可以想象得到的需求。appealv.to interest or attract someone对…有吸引力；对…有感染力；引起兴趣例：It's a programme designed to appeal mainly to 16 to 25-year-olds.这个节目的目标观众主要是16到25岁的年轻人。精讲精练知识点一（词汇UVW）Uugly a.难看的；令人不愉快 的;丑恶的 unable a.不能的;不会的 be unable to do...不能做 unbelievable a.难以置信的 unconscious a.失去知觉的;未意识 到的 be unconscious of 对 不了解under under no circumstances在任何情况下都不能 under the leadership of...在 的领导下undergo vt.经受;经历;遭受 undergo great hardship 遭受巨大苦难underground a.地面下的 adv.在地(面)下的 the underground 地铁 underground railway 地铁underline vt.在……下面画线； 强调 understand n.理解；懂；熟知；通 晓;认为;推断 make oneself understood 使自己被人理解understanding ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a.能谅解的;有理解能 力的;聪明的 b.n.判断 力强的;通情达理的.理解（力）; 领会;同情;谅beyond one’s understanding 是某人无法理解的undertake vt.接受;承担 undertake a mission 接受一项使命undo vt.解开,松开；取消， 废除 unfortunate a.不幸的;令人遗憾的 union 结合 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com );联合;团结;工 会;(大学学生)俱乐 部;会社 the Students’ Union 学生会 Trade Union 工会unique a.独特的;唯一的 unite vt.使联合;使结合 united a.联合的;统一的 the United Nations 联合国 the United States 美国universal a.普遍的;全世界的 universe 宇宙;世界 in the universe 在宇宙中upset vt.弄翻;打 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )乱,打搅; a.使心烦意乱 a.弄翻的;心烦的 upset the balance of 打乱---的平衡 be upset about...为---难过urban a.(居住在)城市的 urban areas 城区 urban life城市生活urge vt.推进;催促;鼓动 He urged her to study physics.他鼓励她学习物理。 urgent 急迫的;紧要的usage n.使用;用法;惯用法； 习语 use n.使用 vt 使用 in use在使用着 come into use/ put sth. into use 开始使用 make use of使用;利用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of much use很有用的 use up用尽 use one’s head动脑筋，仔细考虑 useful a.有用的;有益的useless无用的uselessly adv.Vvacancy n.空白;空缺;空职 vacant a.空的;空白的；空缺 的 a vacant post空缺的职位 vacation n.休 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )假;假期;[主美] 节(假）日，休假 go on/ take a vacation 度假 be on vacation 在休假 the summer vacation 暑假vague a.含糊的;不明确的，模糊不清的 valley n.山谷，溪谷;流域 valuable a.有价值的;有用 反义词:valueless毫无价值的invaluable a.无价的.难 以估价的value n.价值;重要性;(货币 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )等的)面值 vt.给……估价;重视评价 be of great value to sb.对 有很大的价值 values价值观 valueless a. 无价值的 undervalue vt.低估van n.有篷载重汽车，运货 车 vary vt.使不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )同;改变;使多 样化 vi.呈差异;变化 vary from… to...由 到 情况不等 variation n. 变化 variable a.可变化的 n.变数，变量vase n.花瓶 vast a.广阔的;广大的;广 泛的；高大的；巨大 的 vegetarian n.素食(主义)者 vehicle n.交通工具;车辆;飞 行器;(运载)航天火 箭 venture n.冒险行动;投机活 动;（冒险)事业 v.(使)有风险;冒险 a joint venture 合资企业 verb n.动词,动词词性 version n.说法；译本;版本;软 件版本 vice versa 反过来也一样;反之 亦然 victim n.牺牲者;受害者;受 骗者;牺牲品 the victim of 的受害者victory n.胜利，战胜;成功 win a victory 获得胜利view n.看； ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )观看；视力；视 域;被看见的东西； 景色 vt.观看;查看 a bird’s eye view (of sth.)鸟瞰，俯视 in view在视野之内 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in one’s view= from one’s point of view在某人看来，依某人见解 in view of由于，鉴于 with a view to doing sth 为 了 viewer n.电视观众，观看者 view …as 把…看作vigour n.体力；精力；活力； (动植物的）强健； 茁壮;气势 with vigour精力充沛的;充满活力的 vigorous a.充满活力的virus n.病毒 the common cold virus / virus infections 伤风病毒 /病 毒感染visa (护照等的)签证，背 签 visible a.看得见的;可见的 What is this object It seems to serve no visible purpose.反义词:invisible看不见的vision n.视力;视觉;幻想 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com );眼 力;看法 Candidates must have normal hearing and color vision. visional a. 视觉的visit v/n. 访问，参观，游 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 览 Anyone who’s visiting in Edinburgh ought to go and see the castle. on a visit to访问，参观pay …a visit =pay a visit to参观vital a.充满生机的;有生 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )命 的;极其重要的Their leader’s vital and cheerful manner filled his men with courage. be vital for/to sth.至关重要vitality n. 活力，精力vivid a.生动的，逼真 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的;生 气勃勃的 a vivid description 生动的描述 The actor gave a vivid performance as the mad king. vocabulary n.词汇(量）;词汇表 have a large vocabulary 词汇量大enlarge one’s vocabulary 扩大词汇量vocation n.职业 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，行业;才能;素 质 I know he writes for magazines, but what’s his main vocation She has a real vocation for looking after the sick.vocational a.职业的 vocational training 职业训练voice n.嗓音;表过 vt.(用言语)表达 in a loud/low voice 高声 /低声地lift /raise one’s voice 提高嗓门 with one voice 异口同声 volume n.容积;卷 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，册;量;音 量 We have a set of Dickens’ works in 24 volumes. The volume of this container is 100,000 cubic meters. volunteer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a. 志愿(者)的 vt.自愿(做） n.志愿者 It is said that he volunteered for the discussion. He volunteered to get some water for us. The Chinese People ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s Volunteers will be remembered forever by both Chinese and Korean people.volunteer to do 自愿做vote n.投票;选举; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )选票 vi.投票;选举;表决 vt.投票决定（或选举 等） cast/ take a vote on sth.投票 He was the candidate that received the greatest number of votes. Shall we take a vote on the question vote against投票反对 vote for投票支持 vote down投票否决 I shall vote for Heath because I think he’s the better man.voyage n.航海;航行;旅行 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) The voyage from England to India used to take 6 months.go on a voyage 去航海w wage n.工资(常作wages) waist n.腰(部);腰围 wait vi.等,等候 wait for等候，等待He’s waiting for them to tell him whether he got the job or not.Wait (for sb) to do 等待某人做…wake vi.醒来（woke, woken) vt.唤醒 wake up醒，醒来I woke (up) early in the morning and got straight out of bed. The children’s shouts woke us out of our afternoon sleep. wake up to sth.知道，明白;察觉 By the time he had woken up to the danger, it was too late. wake, awake, waken三者都可作及物动词(唤醒）和不及物动词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(醒来）, 因而在许多情况下可以互换。但awake常作不及物 动词，作及物动词时限于用在很正式的文体或比喻 义中,表示“唤起，引起(兴趣、热情等)”Old memories awoke in her when she read the letter. 阅读那封信勾起了她对往日的回忆。此外，awake还可作形容词,表示“醒着的”。The baby is awake now and wants to eat. waken vi.醒来 vt.唤醒 walk vi/n.走;步行;散步 go for a walk去散步 take/have a walk 散步wander vi.漫游，闲逛，徘徊； 走神 We love wandering (about) the hills.ward n.病房，监护室；〈主 英〉牢房 emergency ward 急症病房 the death ward 死牢warm a.温暖的；暖和的；热情 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的;热心的 vt.使温暖的；使暖和的;使友爱 vi.变温暖的；变暖和的;(烤火等)取暖 warm up 使变暖，做热身运动 warm-hearted a.热心的;富于同情心的 kind-hearted a.好心的whole-hearted a 全心全意的wild a.野(生）的;荒芜的; 狂热的,极为激动的 a wild elephant / idea野象/疯狂的主意be wild with anger 狂怒 be wild with joy 欣喜若狂wilderness n.荒无人烟的地区 That garden is a wilderness. wildlife n.[总称]野生动物 wipe /waip/ vt,擦，抹;消灭;使消失withdraw vt ,vi.抽回 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，收回;撤退，撤离;提取 She withdrew her hand from the hot stoveThe army withdrew from the frontline.witness n.见证人；目击者；证据;证言 vt,目击;为作证;证明 vi.作证 They are trying to find witnesses of the accident.The women decided to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) give witness on behalf of the accused at his trial. We witnessed the strange natural phenomenon.wonder vt. vi.对感到惊讶（或疑虑）；想知道奇迹;奇事，奇怪;奇妙;惊奇;疑惑 wonder at sth.对惊讶the wonders of the wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rld 世界奇迹 do / work wonder 创造奇迹 (it is) no wonder (that). 难怪It’s no wonder you can’t sleep when you eat so much.。wonderful a.极好的；精彩的;令人惊叹的;令人高兴的 wonderful news 大好消息word n.词，单词;言辞; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )话 have a word 和说话 have words 吵架 ^ keep one’s word 遵守诺言 ,break one’s word食言 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) get in a word / get a word in edgeways 插话 ,in other words也就是说,换句话说 in a word总而言之worn a.用(或穿)旧的 be worn out筋疲力尽的 worn-out shoes 穿坏了的皮鞋worsen v.; worsening adj.; ever-worsening (日益严重的）worst /w3；st/ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a.最坏的,最差、最糟的 This is the worst accident for years. 这是多来最糟的一次意外事件。worth prep.值钱；值得 n.价值;值(或相当于） ……的数量 be worth + n. / doing sth.值得worthless a.无 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )价值的;没用处的 a worthless action 无益的行动worthless, valueless, priceless, valuable, invaluable, priceless, valuable, invaluable 是指“极具价值的”，而 worthless, valueless 是指“无价值的’。Good health is priceless.健康是无价的。Only a very rich man could afford to buy these invaluable paintings.These data are worthless / valueless; don，t take them too seriously.worthwhile a.值得的 a worthwhile job / cause值得干的差事/值得为之奋斗的事业worthy a.值得的；有价值 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的；值得敬重的 be worthy of doing sth. / be worthy to be done 值得做某事wrap vt.包;裹;包扎;缠绕 ,wrap sth. (up.) in…用把包裹起来wreck /rek/ vt.造成(船舶等)失事 This ship was wrecked on the rocks.wrinkle 皱纹 当堂检测配套翻译 U字母1. 没有什么比看到村民依然住在缺水的环境里更令人揪心的了。(upset) （金山区一模）Nothing is more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )upsetting than seeing the villagers still living in an environment where water is scarce.很多国际组织敦促双方应该保持冷静以遏制局势的进一步恶化，但这毫无作用。（urge v.）（青浦一模）Many internation ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al organizations urged that both sides should keep calm to stop the situation from getting worse, which did not work at all. 任何情况下，你都不应该恶意评论他人。(Under…) （黄浦二模）Under no circumstan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ces should you make ill/evil/bad comments on others.这种收音机已经很落伍了，不增加新功能的话很难有销路。(unless)（闵行二模）This kind of radio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is quite out of fashion, so it’s hard to sell unless new features/functions are added (to it).V字母我妈妈做饭时不仅考虑营养价值，还考虑花色品种。(variety) （静安区二模）While ( when) cook ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing /while(when) my mother cooks, my mother/she considers not only (just) nutrient value, but variety as well/ but also variety. W字母1. 经常换工作和住所的人常常没有安全感并且缺乏责任心。（who） （黄浦区一模）People who often cha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nge jobs and living places often lack a sense of security and a sense of responsibility.如何利用智能手机帮助学生解决学习困难以及搜寻信息仍是研发人员所关注的内容。(what) （普陀区一模）What the researc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hers care about is how to make good use of smart phones to help students solve learning difficulties and search for information.3. 一大早这些孩子就等不及要出门堆雪人、打雪仗了。（wait） （青浦一模）In the early ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) morning, these children couldn’t wait （any longer） to get outdoors to make a snowman and play/fight with snow. 4. 每次轮到他制定计划的时候，他都会邀请同事们先一起商量。（Whenever）（青浦一模）Whenever it was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) his turn to make a plan, he would invite his colleagues to have a discussion first.5. 无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”。(Whoever) （长宁区一模）Whoever wants to b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e successful should first understand the principle that success comes from hard effort/work and persistence/perseverance.6. 上海迪斯尼乐园肯定会成为一个值得多次游览的旅游景点。(worth) （虹口二模）Shanghai Disneyla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd is sure to become a place of interest / a scenic spot / a tourist attraction / destination (which / that is) worth touring / visiting many times.近来随着3D电影变得越来越流行，似乎3D电视也可能在不久的将来进入每个家庭。(with) （静安区二模）With the 3D movies/fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lms becoming more and more popular, in recent years, it seems that 3D TV (sets) may go into/enter every household/home in the near future.让没有受过专业培训的人操纵机器是不负责任的行为。(who) （黄浦二模）It is irrespo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nsible/ not responsible to allow someone who hasn’t received/had professional training to operate the machine.听完这个教授鼓舞人心的讲座，有更多的大学毕业生愿意投身于环保事业。（willing）（浦东二模）After attending/list ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ening to the professor’s inspiring lecture, more (university) graduates are/were willing to devote themselves to the cause of environmental protection. 昨天他在小组讨论中关于添置运动设备的提议是否能付诸实践还拭目以待。（whether）（青浦、宝山、嘉定、长宁二模）It remains to b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e seen whether his proposal of purchasing/buying more sports facilities in the group discussion yesterday can be put into practice.新的交通法规规定，机动车在任何情况下都得避让行人。(way) （崇明二模）The new traffic regu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lations make it a rule that vehicles must give way to pedestrians in any cases. According to the new traffic rules, vehicles must give way to pedestrians under any circumstances.12.家用轿车普及带来的便利不容否认，但随之产生的能源浪费、空气污染和交通拥堵等问题发人深省。(While)（嘉定二模）While the conven ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ience brought by car popularity can’t be denied, the problems such as waste of energy, airpollution and traffic jams set people thinking/ are thought-provoking.While there is no deny ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing the fact that the popularity of private cars brings convenience, waste of energy,air pollution and traffic jams set people thinking/ are thought-provoking.13.诗歌大赛吸引了大批观众，他们从中领略到了汉语的魅力。（which）（青浦二模）Poetry contes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t attracted a large audience, from which they had a taste of the charm of Chinese. 知识点二（阅读&作文精讲）阅读材料精讲What does the s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pread of street protests across Iran mean for the oil market The immediate response, driven no doubt by the substantial amounts of speculative money that are in play, is likely to be an upward spike. But although the troubles are serious and fuelled by real hardship in a struggling economy, there is no objective justification for any increase. If anything, the demonstrations can be seen as the prelude to a fall in prices. The first point in s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )upport of this argument is that the protests are based in the country's cities and towns and not, so far, in the oil-producing regions. The disturbances in the southern port of Bandar Abbas are serious but there has been no report of any trouble near the Abadan refinery. Stories of an attack on pipelines in the south by Sunni Islamist jihadis have not been confirmed. As yet, there is no immediate reason to think oil production will be interrupted.The second point i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s that the overriding drive of every Iranian government over the last 38 years since the 1979 revolution has been to stay in power and preserve the Islamic Republic, even if that involves making sudden and radical changes in policy. And in this they have been remarkably successful and remarkably pragmatic. As any visitor to Tehran will notice Iranian society, below a thin theocratic layer, is open and, within limits, tolerant of different views. The country has a partial democracy in which real votes are cast.This means t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat whatever the rhetoric about using an “iron fist” to stop the protests the more likely response will be to try to buy off the protesters with increased public spending and subsidies for basic needs such as food and fuel. The obvious way to fund such spending would be to increase oil exports. With prices relatively high that is a temptation for many oil producers; for Iran it could be an imperative. It would not be surprising to see the country abandon its Opec quota.Increased Iranian out ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )put and exports would come at a time when other factors in the market suggest a new year surge in production. The North Sea should very soon be fully back on stream after the Forties pipeline problems, and Libyan production should also be restored after the December pipeline fire. On these fundamentals it is hard to see prices being higher at the end of January than they are now.Those are al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l temporary factors but there is a longer-term issue. The weakness of the Iranian economy cannot be corrected by a few handouts and subsidies. There are serious problems of unemployment and falling living standards.Two years ago the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Iranian government came to the decision, with some reluctance, that it had to accept constraints on its nuclear programme in order to remove the sanctions that have damaged economic development. This was another example of pragmatism in action.The problem is th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at the sanctions have only partially been lifted. Most international companies, including those in the energy business, have stayed away for fear of US action against them if they do business with Tehran. That leaves the country short of investment, technology and buyers for many of its products.The current protes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts could lead to a fresh outbreak of pragmatism in Tehran. A new deal, on both the development of nuclear weapons and the withdrawal of support for militant groups across the region from Yemen to Lebanon, is not impossible. A significant relaxation in sanctions would help the Iranian economy and would suit many would-be investors — including, of course, the international oil industry.There is a vast a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mount of money waiting for access to one of the last great prizes for the oil industry — huge undeveloped resources with a low cost base. President Donald Trump would no doubt claim that his pressure had forced Tehran to accept a tough deal. Crucially, though, the Islamic revolution would survive and Iran's current government would remain in power.Nothing is certa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in. Hardline ideology could prevail and force the government into a long, miserable confrontation with the people. The Saudis — who would prefer the Islamic Republic as a pariah state rather than see it returning to respectability and a role as the region's dominant state — could well try to block any agreement.Whatever the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) outcome, there is a sense of instability and unfinished business across the Middle East; is not going to be a dull year.作文精讲（演讲类）Writing 1假设你叫李华,你将作为高三毕业生代表 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在毕业晚会上用英文作简 短的告别演讲。你的演讲必须包括以下内容:1.对三高中生活的怀念；2.对老 师的感谢；3.对母校的祝福。高分范文 1Good evening, everyone，It’s a great h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )onor for me to deliver a brief farewell speech on the graduation evening party tonight on behalf of all the Senior Three graduates. During the three years, we spent our best time of our life studying and playing together. There is still a vivid scene in my mind where we just finished our military training and got a general idea of each other. Three years saw our growing up from a teenager to an adult, after we have struggled in the sports meeting, the art festival and the college entrance examination. I believe that We’ll always treat these three years’ memory as treasure for the lifetime.Now, with a mix ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed feeling of excitement, sadness and gratitude, I want to say to our dearest teachers, “Thank you from the bottom of our heart. ” It is you who enlighten our mind and broaden our horizons. It is you who tap our creative potential and help us be independent learners. It is you who teach us the importance of being honest and understanding as well as remind us to look at the world objectively so as to make sensible judgment when we meet with difficulties. We gained the knowledge of academy and life with your help and encouragement, and now it is high time that we did something for you in return.Finally, I want to e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xpress our sincere blessings to our school. We, the seeds, can’t grow without you，the soil. May you live long and have better scores in the future!高分范文 2My dear teachers and fellow schoolmates,I am honored ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to stand here as the representative of the Senior Three graduates to deliver a farewell speech.At this very moment, I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can’t help but marvel at how time flies. The day I stepped on our campus is still a vivid scene in my mind. Never will I forget the hard time we spend on math drills or English dictations, working all out to pursue a noble goal rooted in our heart. Never will I forget those exciting and fabulous school events. The sports meetings, art festival, the survival training are all dazzling diamonds worthy of preservation for good. Never will I forget, of course, the joy and sorrow I share with you, my fellow schoolmates. It was you that offered me shoulders to cry on and a helping hand when I was in trouble.Beyond words as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my intricate feelings are, I must express my sincere gratitude to all the teachers that have guided me, supported me and kept me company when I was lost in frustrations. I, on behalf of all the students, thank you for your teaching, love and trust. However we’ve performed over the past three years, your patience and kindness are what we’ll remember forever.Destiny brings all of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) us together on this campus. These three years are treasure I will cherish and learn from. I hope that our school will be thriving and prosperous and she will be the cradle of the geniuses of our country. Thanks for your listening.高分范文 3Good evening, my dear teachers and schoolmates,I am glad to have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the chance to make the farewell speech on behalf of all the students in Grade 3 at the graduation ceremony.While I am standi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng here, a flock of memories are fighting for my attention. Three years in the high school is really a bitter-sweet experience. In the classroom, we used to deal with tests and strive for our dreams together. On the playground, we used to fill the air with happiness and liveliness of youth. In the theatre, we used to show our talents freely and have good times. Every second we’ve spent in campus seems so unforgettable.And what have made o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur school life most memorable and valuable are of course you, my dear teachers. Besides offering us a wealth of knowledge, you have broadened our horizons and given us insights, showing us a brand-new picture of the wonderful world. Also, you have always been practicing what you preach, and we will always treasure those virtues you’ve taught us： patience, self-discipline, honesty, and industry. Last but not least, you equip us with courage and ambition to face our uncertain future and step into the competition society. We really appreciate your company and inspiration, and I hope one day I will be a person like you.How time flies! The d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay to leave our alma mater is drawing near，but our hearts will still in the campus, praying for glories and a bright future for the school forever. And that’s all for my speech. Thank you very much.高分范文 4Dear teachers and my fellow classmates,I’m now standing he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re, on behalf of all the Senior 3 students who are soon leaving their beloved mother school, to make a speech.Three years is rather ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )short, too short for us to experience everything. Three years is also quite long, long enough for us to transform from naive to mature. Three years’ life on campus is just like a box of chocolate. Along with sweetness and fantasies is bitterness. Never can I forget the moment when my class won the 3rd place in the art festival, a reward for our previous hard joint efforts. We cheered and we cried. Scenes of repeated rehearsals displayed in our minds like films. We got to know that you have to spare no effort if you want to succeed. What’s more, we also learned the power of collaboration. The same principle also applies to other group activities and our study. Nevertheless, things do not always go so smooth. It seems inevitable that one shall fail in exams in our school. Despite the terrifying scores, we soon found that scores didn’t matter, but that our attitude counted. As long as we don’t lose heart, nor do we give up half way, we are doomed to succeed. Three years’ campus life is colorful as well as instructive.Whatever achievemen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts we have made, we shall never forget our teachers. It is with their help that we got out of difficulties. It is their warm smiles and words of comfort that encouraged us to go further. They are like candles, lighting themselves, to bring brightness to us students. Let’s give them applause to show our sincere gratitude.At this inst ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ant of farewell, mixed feelings flood out of my mind, I just want to say: “Thank you. And wish all of you a promising future.”高分范文 5Dear schoolmates and teachers,I’m greatly h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )onored to address all of you on behalf of the 2012th graduates at the solemn graduating ceremony. With the end of the college entrance examination, we are to part, and run after our respective goals. We can’t help, however, looking back to what we have left, feeling satisfied and comfortable.We have been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) fighting for exactly three years. From the day when we first stepped into the new classroom with curiosity, innovation and aspiration, a long but interesting, challenging but rewarding journey has been started. Difficult as the teaching contents were, we not only made great progress in academy, but also devoted ourselves to some activities of more meaning and significance such as the art festival, sports meeting and volunteering work, from which we had learnt the spirit of cooperation, teamwork and dedication that didn’t exist in textbooks.Still, we can’t forge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t our dearest teachers who have accompanied us for such a long time. We are much obliged to them for all the days when they neglected meals and sleep just to help us with our study. The wrinkles on their faces are the symbol of their eternal love for us. June is the time of farewell. We look back, and are sure to run towards the future more energetically.Writing 2竞选英语俱乐部主席演讲稿假设你是张华。你要竞选英语俱乐部主席，请写一篇竞选演讲词。演讲词 包括：1.你认为自己具备什么条件？2. 如果当选你会为大家做什么？温故知新知识点三（综合能力提升）控江中学十月高三月考试卷GrammarParadise LostOn the Medit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erranean island of Majorca, the locals are angry. Too late. In the last quarter of the 20th century, they profited from foreign visitors, mainly Germans, (21)______(want) to buy property on their idyllic (田园般的) island. Suddenly it occurred to Majorcans (22)______ the island no longer belonged to them. They don’t deny tourism’s vital contribution to the local economy. The industry has transformed Majorca from one of Spain’s poorest parts to the richest in per capita income. But the island’s inhabitants are convinced that the 14 million foreign visitors a year are far too much of a good thing. Water is rationed, pollution (23)______(worsen), and there is no affordable housing left for them to buy.On the other side o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the world, 250 Filipinos were recently forced to leave their homes. Their lake-shore village was cleared and worst of all, many houses (24)______(destroy). The intention of the authorities was to make way (25)______ a major business venture -- not oil, logging, or mining, but an environmentally-friendly holiday resort.“The issue is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) massive and global,” says Tricia Barnett, director of Tourism Concern, (26)______ charity which campaigns for more responsible approaches to travel, “Tourists in Africa will be having a shower aid then will see a local woman with a pot of water (27)______ her head, and they are not making the connection. Sometimes you'll see a village with a single tap, when each hotel has taps and showers m every room.”The problem is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that tourists demand so much water. A tourist in Spain uses up 880 liters of water a day, (28)______(compare) with 250 liters by a local. An l8-hole golf course in a dry country can consume as much water as a town of 10,000 people.For many poorer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) countries, tourism may still offer (29)______(good) hope for development. The Vietnamese are doing their best to open up their country; Iran is working on a master plan for their tourism; Libya has paid $1 million for a study. They all want tourists. And people like to discover ever new parts of the world, when they are tired of mass tourism. (30)______ ______ a country doesn't have beaches, it can offer mountains and deserts and unique cultures.VocabularyA. difference ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s B. athletes C. followed D. favorite E. typicalF. titles G. won H. purity I. plus J. spread K. priorityAdele, 28, may not be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a(n) (31)______ role model. She used to smoke and drink a lot, and she swears. But this London girl has (32)______ the hearts of millions of people with her amazing voice. Just as U.S. singer Beyoncé Knowles told Vanity Fair, “When she sings, you can feel honesty and (33)______.”This year's Gramm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y Awards, held on Feb. 12, saw Adele's popularity reach new heights. The British singer won all five (34)______ for which she was nominated. She took home awards for her comeback album 25 and hit single “Hello”, in an unexpected and shocking victory over Beyoncé.Despite this, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the singer revealed that she once nearly lost her voice. After a big year in 2011, she developed throat problems. “Singers are vocal (35)______. It's the same as an American football player having a knee problem,” her doctor Steven Zeitels told the BBC. In many ways, the worst part for Adele was how quickly the news changed. Rumors like “she will never sing again!” and “She wants to kill herself” soon (36)______.Adele cried a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lot. “But crying is really bad for your vocal cords (声带), too!” She said in an interview with Vogue magazine.To get her voice ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )back, she (37)______ her doctor’s strict orders after surgery. All she’s ever “wanted to do is sing,” she told NBC’s Today Show. So, Adele cut her (38)______ food, curry, from her diet and gave up drinking and smoking.But it’s not j ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ust her singing that the public loves. The singer’s girl-next-door personality is also a big (39)______. In a Saturday Night Live comedy scene, Adele was shown to be the one who could make arguing relatives at the Thanksgiving dinner table put their (40)______ aside.She explained he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r popularity in an interview with Rolling Stone: “I think I remind everyone of themselves. Not saying everyone is my size, but it's relatable because I'm not perfect.”ClozeCalifornia is set ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to open its roads up for the first time to self-driving vehicles with no human drivers.The Department o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f Motor Vehicles announced plans to allow testing on state roads later this year of truly ___41___ cars.Until now, Cali ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fornia has only allowed testing of autonomous vehicles with a driver ready to ___42___ if something goes wrong.The proposed change ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )would allow testing of vehicles ___43___ steering wheel or pedal controls. However any autonomous vehicle being tested must be remotely controllable and able to ___44___ itself in an emergency.A hearing wil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l be held next month to get public comments on the issue before the change can ___45___. Officials say they hope the new rules can receive final ___46___ by December. The proposed roles open the path for self-driving cars to be widely sold and used throughout the state, officials said. Truly self-driving vehicles could be ___47___ for sale in California as early as .The cars must also me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )et all federal ___48___ requirements to be allowed on Caledonia roads. The U.S. government ___49___ its own set of guidelines for self-driving vehicles last September. Officials said the guidelines ___50___ bring about a “responsible introduction” of autonomous technology in a “safe, clean, efficient” way.California is the la ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rgest automobile market in the United States. Currently. 27 companies have ___51___ to test autonomous vehicles on the state’s public roads. These include major U.S. and ___52___ carmakers, as well as technology companies like Google and Uber. Ride-sharing company ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Uber was forced to pull its test cars out of California last December after a dispute with officials over ___53___ permits. Uber had argued it did not need state permits for testing because its vehicles were not “___54___ autonomous.” But last week, Uber finally ___55___ to state officials and got the required permit to test its self-driving cars in California.41. A. nonpolluting B. nonprofit C. wheelless D. driverless42. A. check over B. take over C. run over D. hand over43. A. except B. besides C. with D. without44. A. drive B. test C. stop D. turn45. A. take steps B. take effect C. make effort D. make profit46. A. renewal B. signal C. approval D. official47. A. accessible B. available C. acceptable D. favorable48. A. environment B. entry C. energy D. safety49. A. revealed B. relieved C. released D. restrained50. A. were determined to B. were intended toC. were reported to D. were about to51. A. inquiries B. permission C. authority D. regulations52. A. local B. minor C. prospering D. foreign53. A. entitled B. required C. prepared D. shared54. A. unsafely B. unfavorably C. beneficially D. fully55. A. gave in B. gave up C. gave away D. gave backReading comprehension(A)Jamie was like ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a magnet -- she always had a crowd around her. She wasn’t especially pretty, and she wasn’t particularly good at sports. But she was one of the most popular students at school. Everyone loved her!Why What was it abo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut Jamie that made everyone notice her If her looks and her talents weren’t anything to show off, what did she have going for her Here it is -- short an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d simple -- Jamie had learned the secret of how to make friends and keep them. Her secret is: Be nice to others! Jamie was kind and genuinely cared about others; people responded by wanting to be around her.Going along ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )with this big secret of making friends are a few additional suggestions:Smiling suggests c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )onfidence. There is something fascinating about someone who smiles a lot. We are automatically drawn to someone who is happy. Wearing a smile usually implies the person behind it is approachable. An approachable person makes others feel at ease and comfortable.Smiles also conv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ey confidence, which is really important when making friends. You don’t have to actually feel confident to smile, but when you do, people will think you are. Furthermore, the more you smile, the more natural your smile will be. You'll gain confidence from smiling!Learn to list ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en and talk. Everyone wants to talk. We all have a story to tell. Each of us enjoys having someone listen to what we say. It makes us feel important when someone is truly interested in what we're saying.When other peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple find out you are willing to listen, they will be talking to you! When someone is talking to you, zero in 100 per cent on that person. Don’t pretend to listen but really think about something else. That won’t work in making friends.Meanwhile don't put ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the burden of the entire conversation an someone else. You've got to do your part, too. It is learning when to talk that is important. Try not to talk just to hear yourself talking; no one else can get a word in.Everyone shou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld lean to give and take in any relationship. Learn to move from being the center of attention to focusing on the needs of others. Modesty is extremely attractive.Try to add val ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ue to those around you. People light up when you recognize something they do well and let them know. It only takes a minute to give someone a compliment or to notice what gifts a person has. It automatically adds value to how they see themselves. Try to be the kind of person who's always seeing the positive qualities in others. Don't tear someone down.56. How many suggestions does the writer give on making friends A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four57. What must you pa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y attention to when you are listening to your friend talking A. You must not get a word in. B. You should smile at your friend.C. You must not foc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us on your friend. D. You should listen attentively.58. Which of the following is true according to the passage A. Being modest can make you popular with others.B. An approachable person can keep good relationship with everyone.C. You should wear a s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mile to make yourself feel at ease and comfortable.D. Focus only on the listener when you are talking to him.(B)In a darkene ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d room at the edge of downtown Washington, D.C., electronic music pulses over the speakers as a crowd of mostly sweaty young women bop (跳跃) up and down. Candles burn at the front and inspirational slogans cover the walls. Sadly, this is not a carnival, but rather a mid-afternoon spin class (动感单车课). It is run by Soul Cycle, which promotes the idea that riding an exercise bike to loud music is similar to entering a “soul sanctuary (箱神圣殿).” The experience, which also involves awkwardly lifting weights while cycling, costs about $35 for 45 minutes. This does not deter its well-off customers: “Some of the women come here every day,” says a staff member, her eyebrows raised.The recession of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 2008 damaged many industries. One which emerged remarkably unharmed was exercise. According to figures from the International Health, Racquet and Sports Club Association, an industry group, gym members number 54 million in , up from 45 million in 2009. Twice as many Americans subscribe to gyms as in the mid-1990s. Yet the population has not gotten visibly healthier. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 美国疾病控制与预防中心), a government agency, in 2013 a quarter of adults engaged in no leisure-time physical activity at all. Between 2001 and 2012, the proportion of the population who are obese or extremely obese grew from 36% to 41%. That increase has slowed in the past five years, but it has not yet reversed.The explanation of t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his paradox lies in who is doing the exercise. Where once “prosperous” was a synonym for overweight, being fit is a marker of status. Outposts of Soul Cycle are to be found in the Hamptons and Westchester County in New York. In such places small gyms, yoga studios and the like, which make their money from hosting classes rather than through membership fees, balloon. They advertise fitness as something close to religion. At CrossFit, which describes itself as “a word and a phenomenon,” though it mostly involves weightlifting, customers are described as “athletes”. Exercise is not quite yet luxurious, but it may be getting that way.59. The proportion of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the population who are obese is probably now ________.A. 39% B. 41% C. 43% D. 45%60. Which of the following is NOT true A. In spite of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the increasing number of people involved in exercise, on the whole, the U.S. still didn't get rid of obesity. B. The number ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of gym members has risen by 20% since the last recession, which is quite different from many other industries. C. Although de ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )voted to exercise class run by gyms and yoga studios, people are sad to find that they are getting irreversibly obese. D. With gyms emp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hasizing the importance of fitness, many people have subscribed to gym regardless of the high prices.61. The underlined word “balloon” in paragraph 3 means “________”.A. disappear quickly or last briefly B. earn a large sum of moneyC. become larger in size D. increase rapidly in number62. The author's a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ttitude toward small gyms and yoga studios such as Soul Cycle is ________.A. critical B. indifferent C. neutral D. positive(C)A novel is a story ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) transmitted from the novelist to the reader. It offers distraction, entertainment, and an opportunity to unwind or focus. But it can also be something more powerful -- a way to learn about how to live. Read at the right moment in your life, a novel can -- quite literally -- change it.The Novel Cure is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a reminder of that power. It is regarded as a grand display of literary fiction and a celebration of the possibilities of the novel. To create this apothecary (药房），the authors have trawled (searched through) two thousand years of literature for novels that effectively promote happiness, health, and sanity (神志清醒), written by brilliant minds who knew what it meant to be human and wrote their life lessons into their fiction. Readers simply look up their ailment (微恙), be it agoraphobia (广场恐怖症；陌生环境恐怖症), boredom, or a midlife crisis, and are given a novel to read as the antidote (remedy).The authors, Ella B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erthoud and Susan Elderkin, met as English Literature students at Cambridge University, where they began giving novels to each other whenever one of them seemed in need of a boost. In 2008 they set up a bibliotherapy service through a cultural enterprise, and since then have been prescribing books to clients all over the world.Bibliotherapy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) does not discriminate between pains of the body and pains of the head (or heart). Aware that you've been cowardly Pick To Kill a Mockingbird for an injection of courage. Experiencing a sudden, acute fear of death Read One Hundred Years of Solitude for some perspective on the larger cycle of life. Nervous about throwing a dinner party Ali Smith’s There but for the will convince you that yours could never go that wrong. Whatever your condition, the prescription is simple: a novel (or two), to be read at regular intervals and in nice long chunks until you finish. Some treatments will lead to a complete cure. Others will offer solace (comfort), showing that you’re not the first to experience these emotions. The Novel Cure is also peppered with useful lists and sidebars (边导航，边栏，侧边栏) recommending the best novels to read when you’re stuck in traffic or can’t fall asleep, the most important novels to read during every decade of life, and many more.Brilliant in concept ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and deeply satisfying in execution. The Novel Cure belongs on everyone’s book shelf and in every medicine cabinet. It will make even the most well-read fiction aficionado pick up a novel he's never heard of, and see familiar ones with new eyes. Mostly, it will reaffirm literature’s ability to distract and transport, to resonate and reassure, to change the way we see the world and our place in it.63. What does the “p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ower” in the first sentence of paragraph 2 refer to A. The power of the novelist to transmit a story to the read.B. The power of the novel to distract and entertain the reader.C. The power of the novel to create so many remedies for the reader.D. The power o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the novel to tell us how to live and change our lives.64. According to the passage, what do you think is bibliotherapy A. A treatment th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at requires you to stay in the bookstore and to read many books.B. A therapy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )created by the novelists that makes you resonate with the characters in the novel.C. A method ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to address your physical or psychological problems by reading certain books.D. A therapy cre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ated by the brilliant minds in history that helps you to find the meaning of life.65. According to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) passage, which of the following statements is TRUE about The Novel Cure A. All of the novels prescribed in it can offer you a complete cure.B. Its authors must have browsed through numerous literature works.C. It is hard for a bookworm to find the book appealing.D. It divides our pains into pains of the body and pains of the head.66. You can find the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )article on all of the following websites except _ .A. http://21世纪教育网 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) B. http://bibliotherapy.com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )C. http:// ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) D. http://21世纪教育网bookdepository.com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )Sentence fillingA. Wanlop Suwande ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e, chief adviser to Bangkok's governor, said that there would be no exceptions for the street food stalls attracting numerous tourists.B. Many of them ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) rely on the stalls for much of their food, which works out far cheaper than cooking in their own home.C. Is there a glimmer of hope for foodies and hungry locals D. Both tourists ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and locals stand to lose if the city's food stalls are shuttered.E. But in one ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the country’s most delectable (美味的) destinations that tradition is about to end.F. A food blogger worried that famous street food and tourist areas would be targeted.Thailand is a m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ust-visit destination for the devoted foodie -- a place where tiny food stalls can be found on seemingly every comer, filled with inexpensive and delicious street food for hungry passers-by. _____67_____ Bangkok authorities plan to remove all street food stalls by the end of the year.It’s a blow to any ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )one with a belly and a craving (渴望) for quick, authentic eats. The controversial move was announced by the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) who are currently in the middle of a huge operation to clear the capital's pavements for pedestrians to use, and street food vendors are high on their list. The BMA say their priority (当务之急) is the health and safety of people, regardless of how popular the vendors are. The ban, which affects all street vendors, will bring back “order and hygiene (卫生)”, to the city, clearing up the pavement and making the city cleaner.The move is part ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of a larger campaign by Thailand’s junta (执政团) to tackle what they see as corruption (腐败) and disorder in the country. The military junta, which took over in a coup (政变) in 2014, has been widely criticized for censoring the press._____68_____ “The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) street vendors have seized the pavement space for too long and we already provide them with space to sell food and other products legally in the market,” he said. “There will be no let-up in this operation. Every street vendor will have to move out.”It’s not the first att ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ack on Bangkok’s famous street food culture. The Soi Sukhumvit market was demolished last year after nearly 40 years and there are concerns among the local community on the impact this latest crackdown will have on locals with a low-income. _____69_____While previous attem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pts to wipe out street food vendors failed, the proposal has already been implemented in the central district of Siam. But will Bangkok’s ban on street eats be permanent _____70_____ Time will tell.Summary writingResearchers at a un ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iversity in Hungary (匈牙利) say there is truth to what many dog owners have always believed: Dogs do understand what humans say.The researchers mad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e images of the brains of 13 dogs using a machine that records brain activity.The dogs were trai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ned to lie down in the machine for seven minutes. During that time, they listened through headphones to their trainers’ voices.Dog owners may t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hink the news is not surprising. But scientists are impressed.Brian Hare is a pro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fessor of evolutionary anthropology at Duke University. He called one of the findings a “shocker”.The brain imaging sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )owed dogs processed words using the left side of their brains, just as humans do. They use the right side of their brains to understand tone and pitch.The study showe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d dogs understand words and how they are said. Meaningful words said in a neutral way did not have the same effect as the same words said in an encouraging way.Attila Andics w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as the lead researcher on the project, “Dog brains care about both what we say and how we say it,” he said.Researchers say they t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hink dogs are tuned in to what people say because dogs have lived with people for a long time.Andics said he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thinks other animals probably can understand the human language like dogs do. But these animals are not very interested in what humans have to say.People reacte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d to the story on Facebook and Twitter. They said they always knew their pets could understand them. And they were happy to see scientific support for what they experienced every day.One reader from ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Virginia said she thought her dog could probably read her mind, too. Someone in California joked that he always knew his dog ignored him. And Greg Matos in Boston called the study “fascinating”.
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