中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
备战2022年上海高考英语二轮复习精品讲义第14讲 词汇S-T+书信作文 学生版
教学内容
进门小练笔Food serves as a form ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture’s celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural（农村的）and urban areas within one country.Sharing brea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d, whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.Food also pla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ys an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.Many culture ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.Nutrition is necessar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.32. According to the passage, sharing bread______.A. indicates a lack of food B. can help to develop unityC. is a custom u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nique to rural areas D. has its roots in birthday celebrations33. What does th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year A. Trust. B. Success. C. Health. D. Togetherness.34. The author explains the role of food in celebrations by______.A. using examples B. making comparisonsC. analyzing causes D. describing processes35. What is the passage mainly about A. The custom of sharing food. B. The specific meaning of food.C. The role of food ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in ceremonies. D. The importance of food in culture.课堂导入素材源：scmp（原文有删改) https://www.scmp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).com/news/china/society/article/3042297/dozens-foreign-students-expelled-chinese-university-amid ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )VocabularyDirections: Comp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.quoting B. attached C. response D. discipline E. specified F. withdrawn G. urgently H. attendance I. exposed J. heading K. expelled Wuhan University in Wu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )han, Hubei province, _____1___92 students from more than 10 countries for problems ranging from poor grades to___2_______violations and failure to pay tuition fees, Changjiang Daily reported on Monday.The expulsions ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) followed warnings to the students a year earlier, the report said, ___3_____ a staff member in the admissions office of the university’s School of International Education.In the past, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the university had expelled just one or two overseas students a year, but the number rose this year in___4____ to the Ministry of Education’s call to improve standards for overseas students, the staff member was quoted as saying.“The ministry ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )has ____5_____ great importance to international students studying in China. In the past we focused on quantity, but now quality is more important,” he said.Under university rule ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s, international students who fail to pay tuition fees on time will not be enrolled, and those who miss more than 20 classes can be _____6____ from courses.In September last year ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), the ministry ___7____ requirements for overseas students, ordering universities to hold them to the same standards as local students.As part of t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he requirements, universities must strictly record ___8_____and report those who fail to meet the minimum number of classes to education and immigration authorities. The ministry said in July that China ____9___ needed to improve standards in the area, with many international students at Chinese universities not making the academic grade.While most Chi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nese students ___10_____overseas opt for colleges in Europe, North America or Australia, most students coming into China were from the developing world, according to ministry data.【词汇讲解】 disciplinen.training that makes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) people more willing to obey or more able to control themselves, often in the form of rules, and punishments if these are broken, or the behaviour produced by this training训导；训练；纪律；约束例：parental/military/school discipline父母的训导／军事训练／校规There should be tougher discipline in schools.学校的纪律应该更严一些。specifyv.to explain or describe something clearly and exactly具体说明；明确指出例：He said we should meet but didn't specify a time.他说我们应该见见面，但没说具体时间。expelv.to force someone to leave a school, organization, or country驱逐；除名；开除例：My brother was expelled from school for bad behaviour.我弟弟因为行为不端被学校开除了。violatev.to break or act ag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ainst something, especially a law, agreement, principle, or something that should be treated with respect违反，违背，违犯（尤指法律、协议、原则等）例：They were charged with violating federal law.他们被控违犯了联邦法律。withdraw v.to take or move out or back, or to remove抽回；取回；提取；撤回；撤离；退出；移回例：The UN has withdrawn its troops from the country.联合国已从该国撤军。immigrationn.the act of someone coming to live in a different country移民（入境）例：There are strict limits on immigration (into the country).（该国）对入境移民有着严格的限制。attendance n.the fact of going somewhere such as a church, school, etc. regularly（有规律地）出席，参加；到场（如去教堂，学校等）例：Attendance at lectures is compulsory.这些讲座必须去听。enrollv.to put yours ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elf or someone else onto the official list of members of a course, college, or group（使）加入；注册；招（生）；吸收例：I enrolled for/in/on the modern art course.我注册修读现代艺术课。精讲精练知识点一（考纲词汇S-T）【考纲词汇S-T】sacrifice n/vt. 牺牲；献祭sample n. 样品，标本；实例scarce adj. 缺乏的；稀有的scarcely adv. 几乎不；刚刚；才schedule n. 时间表，计划（表）；日程安排（表）secure adj. 安全的；安心的；牢固的 vt. 使安全；保卫；获得seek vt. 寻找；寻求；探求seize vt. 抓住；夺取sensible adj. 明智的；合情理的；有知觉的sensitive adj. 敏感的；神经过敏的separate adj. 分开的；各自的；单独的 vt. 使分开；使隔离；划分；区分setting n. 环境；（舞台，小说等的）背景；调节severe adj. 严重的；严厉的；严格的shallow adj. 浅的shelter n.隐藏所，庇护者，避难所；保护，庇护 vt. 遮蔽，隐蔽；保护 vi.躲避，避难shift n. 转换；轮班 ；变化 vt. 转换，移动；变化shortcut n. 近路；捷径shrink vi. 收缩；退缩19. significant adj. 重要的；有重大意义的simplify vt. 简化；使简易sincerely adv. 真诚地slight adj. 轻微的；少量的，不足道的smooth adj. 平滑的；平稳的；顺利的sociable adj. （好）交际的；社交的specific adj. 明确的；具体的；特定的spiritual adj. 精神上的splendid adj. 壮丽的；辉煌的；（口）极好的spoil vt. 破坏；糟蹋；宠坏； vt. （食物）变质sponsor vt. 主办，赞助 n. 发起者；赞助商；主办者stable adj. 稳定的；稳固的steady adj. 稳的；稳定的stimulate vt. 激励；刺激strategy n. 战略；策略；行动计划；对策stress n. 压力；紧张 vt. 强调strike v. 打，击；（灾害，疾病等）袭击 n. 罢工strive vi. 努力；奋斗；力争，力求structure n. 结构；构造stylish adj. 流行的；时髦的subconscious adj. 潜意识的；意识不清的substance n. 物质，材料substitute vt. 用…代替 n. 代替者（物）sufficient adj. 充足的，足够的summary n. 摘要；总结superior adj. 较好的；上级的 n. 上级；长辈supervise v. 监督；管理；指导surrounding n. （pl.）环境，周围的事物 adj. 周围的，环绕的suspect vt. 对…有所察觉；怀疑；对…有所疑问 n. 嫌疑犯suspicion n. 怀疑suspend v. 悬，挂，吊；（使）悬浮switch vi/n. 开关；转换symbolic adj. 象征的sympathetic adj. 同情的symptom n. 症状talkative adj. 好说话的；健谈的target n. 目标；对象 vt. 规定…的指标；把…作为目标temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的tempt vt. 吸引；引诱tendency n. 趋势；（性格，性质或作品等的）倾向tension n. 紧张terminal n. 末端；终端；终点territory n. 领土，领地，地区theme n. （谈话，讨论，文章等的）题目，主题therapy n. 疗法；治疗thorough adj. 彻底的；完全的65.tough adj. 坚韧的；棘手的；固执的；能吃苦耐劳的66.track n. 踪迹；足迹；小道；路径 vt. 追踪67.tragedy n. 悲剧；灾难；惨事68.transfer v. 搬；转移；调动69.transform vt. 改造；改革；使改变性质70.translate v. 翻译；转变71.tremendous adj. 极大的，巨大的72.trend n. （路，河流等的）走向；趋势；倾向 vi. 趋势；倾向73.trick n. 诡计；戏法；技巧；恶作剧vt. 欺诈74. typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的 知识点二（书信作文） 应用文之书信写作1你的好友因家境一般买不起名牌而闷闷不乐。给他写信，谈谈你的看法和建议。收信人:徐海青 寄信人：黄平 寄信日期:2021六月八曰Dear Haiqing,I hear you are very un ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )happy these days because your parents can't afford to buy you some brand-name shoes and garments you like very much. And I write you this letter to share with you what I think about this matter. [Part 1: 描述问题，直奔主题]To begin with, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )beauty is just skin deep. Don't you think it silly to pay so much attention to your appearance He is a shallow person who judges others by their appearance; in the same sense he is a shallow person who thinks that a brand-name garment can add to his glamour. So please, just forget about-those brand-name things. What really matter is riot whether you wear brand-name shoes or garments but whether your clothes fit you. As a student, you have to wear the school uniform on the weekdays and to be honest（frank）, you look very smart in it. Then why do you have to bother to buy the expensive brand-name things Secondly, I know yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur parents are both average workers. Hard as they work, they don’t earn much. Despite this, they do their best to give you a lot of things on demand.Look at the callus(老苗 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))on their hands and wrinkles on their faces, how can you have the heart to ask for more than they can afford, which will surely break their hearts Remember, parent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s don't owe us expensive summer camps; they don't owe us Sony Walkman; nor do they owe us Nike shoes. If you really want those fancy things you should take a part-time job to contribute to their purchase rather than ask your parents for money to add to their already heavy burden. Don't you think so Thirdly, we have such ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a wide variety of things available these days which are both nice and inexpensive. What's the point of paying much more for those brand-name things that are not much better My friend, take my advice, and you'll be a wiser Consumer as well as a more considerate child to your parents. [Part 2:；阐明看法，提出建议]Poverty, som ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )etimes, is a good thing. It can test a person’s character and it makes a man out of a boy faster than anything else. Keep working hard, and you are bound to be able to afford those things in the near future. Now you may as well focus on your study. Anyway, wouldn't it be funny, for a would-be achiever to be so preoccupied with brand-name things all day long [Part 3:总结全文]Keep in touch.YoursHuang Ping主题词汇及句型积累表述先后顺序的短语To begin with首先Secondly其次Thirdly再者pay so much attention to 注意in the same sense在同样意义上add to增加to be honest老实说botherto怕麻烦break their hearts使某人心碎contribute to贡献于rather than而不是are bound to注定focus on关注于be so preoccupied with一心想做，专注于Keep in touch保持联系当堂检测一：相关翻译 2021闵行一模72. 游客不仅能品尝这里的美食，还能免费观看地方戏曲。(free) 73. 长辈们常不厌其烦地叮嘱我们要趁年轻多学本领，勤读书。(while) 74. 如果沉溺于虚拟世界，疏于人际交流，你会感觉与周围的一切格格不入。(addict) 75. 这部电影制作成本低，既无大牌明星出镜，也无复杂的故事情节，但主人公对故乡深深的依恋之情令观众动容。 (neither…nor) 2021长宁一模72.我在玩纵横字谜时拼错了一个词，卡住了。(stick)73.这套房有两居室，小的那间可用做书房。(serve)74.尽管我们在生活中会遇到困难，但人人都有机会让他人的生活有所改变。(regardless)75.在互联网时代，便捷和风险共生，只有具有风险防范意识方能拥有安全感和获得感。(unless)二：作文练习Directions: W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rite an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.你校学生会主席Simon在征集明高中毕业典礼的活动方案，作为高三的学生，请你给他写封信，信的内空必须包括以下两个方面：阐述你活动方案的主题和内容；谈谈你设计该方案的理由。（信中不能提到真实姓名和学校）温故知新II. Grammar and vocabulary Section ADirections: A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fter reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Cosmic rays are myster ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ious, high-charged atomic particles traveling through space at the speed of light, (21) _______ have puzzled scientists for years. But for Yang Jia, a member of the National Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), China’s top political advisory body, the ability to see and study them (22) _______ help generate interest in science and space among schoolchildren.Cosmic rays, first ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) (23) _______ (discover) in 1912, have been an enigma for years, but their detectability means they can be studied by middle and high school students with a basic knowledge of physics.Yang, also a profess ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or and a member of the Jiusan Society, a democratic political party, proposed further (24) _______ (promote) the study of cosmic rays on school campuses at this year’s Two Sessions."It’s a wonderful ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )idea. I heard a presentation from a scientist Zhang Chuang, and I was quite excited. I think it is a wonderful way (25) _______ (share) their knowledge with young people. At that time, I heard in Los Angeles, there were already 80 high schools having such extra curriculums, and in Italy, there were 50. But in China, there were just a few," said Yang.An organization c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alled Campus Cosmic Ray Observation Collaboration (26) _______ (establish) in September 2020 to promote the idea. Zhang, head of the organization, said they plan to build more stations on school campuses across China."We’ve been wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rking on building more observation stations on campuses. At the moment, we have three in Dongzhimen, and we plan to set up more. Now we are working with three schools to build such stations. We also try to put our existing data on the website so that students can carry out related studies with open access," said Zhang. (27) _______ cosmic r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay observation belongs to the field of frontier physics, experts say introducing it to the campus helps popularize science among students.Chinese scie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntist Shen Changquan, 79, (28) _______ (guide) Dongzhimen High School workshop for seven years since his retirement. He said such activities can help increase young students’ interest in science."By exposing s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudents to cutting-edge science, students can stand on the shoulders of giants and touch a wider world. It’s not about (29) _______ being scientists. It’s just that a lot of advanced equipment today requires physics knowledge, and improving the physics level of all people is very important," said Shen.Talking about the fut ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ure of the proposal, Yang said she is looking forward to seeing more dialogue between top scientists and students in China. She said they are optimistic, and (30) _______ the difficulties ahead, the drive for humans to fully understand the unknown can never be stopped.Section B Directions: Fill in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. collectivelyB. engineC. convincedD. contributeE. distributeF. envisionedG. addressH. increasinglyI. seeminglyJ. engagementK. initiativeOcean plastic has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) become a defining problem of our time, and a challenge to the world’s brightest thinkers and innovators. With a significant portion of plastic waste entering through rivers, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste is supporting the work of Renew Ocean to (31) _______ the lack of waste infrastructure in developing regions.Research published ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in Environmental Science & Technology in 2017 shows that rivers (32) _______ dump anywhere from a half to three million tons of plastic into the seas every year. According to the data, ten rivers alone carry 93 percent of the river-borne plastics that end up in the ocean. To help prevent this plastic waste from reaching the ocean, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste will sponsor Renew Oceans, a localized (33) _______ and investment project focused on high-leakage rivers. As a Founding Global Oceans Sponsor, the Alliance will (34) _______ its materials and logistics (物流) capabilities. The National Geographic Society has also supported the Renew Oceans (35) _______.Renew Oceans is part ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the Renewology partnership, a brainchild of Priyanka Bakaya. Growing up in Australia, Bakaya became fascinated by science, chemistry, and the environment. Trips to India as a child (36) _______ her of the need to do something positive for an environment (37) _______ strained by plastic waste. At Stanford University, she became aware of social entrepreneurship and continued developing her ideas for ending plastic waste in business school at MIT. How does Renew Oceans ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) plan to tackle a(n) (38) _______ insurmountable (难以克服的) problem First, using proprietary(专利的) “biofence” technology designed by Renewology, plastic waste is collected as it flows down rivers and branches. ReFences divert the plastic and thus keep it from accumulating and entering the ocean. As (39) _______, the program has major side benefits. The plastic collected across the developing world will be converted into fuel, while waste pickers will receive compensation directly tied to the fuel generated from the plastic they collect. Renewology can become a powerful (40) _______ for empowering local communities while cleaning up the world’s trash and providing necessary fuel.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: F ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Today we continue ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our series on ecology and conservation with a look at a particularly endangered member of the black bear family. One in ten black bears is (41) _______ born with a white coat, which is the result of a/an (42) _______ gene that surfaces in a few. Local people have named it ‘the spirit bear’. And according to the legends of these communities, its snowy fur brings with it a special power. Because of this, it has always been highly (43) _______ by them—so much that they do not speak of seeing it to anyone else. It is their way of protecting it when strangers visit the area.
The white bear’s (44) _______is quite interesting. The bear’s strong relationship with the old-growth rainforest is a complex one. The white bear relies on the huge centuries-old trees in the forest in many ways. (45) _______, the old-growth trees have extremely long roots that help prevent erosion（腐蚀） of the soil along the banks of the many fish streams. Keeping these banks undamaged is important because these streams are home to salmon, which are the bear’s main food(46) _______. The bear’s feeding habits nurture the forest (47) _______. As the bears eat the salmon, they abandon the skin and bones in great amounts on the forest floor, which provide vital nutrients. These produce vegetation that (48) _______ thousands of other types of life forms, from birds to insects and more.
Today, the spirit bear lives off the coast of the province of British Columbia on a few islands. There is great concern for their survival since it is estimated that less than two hundred of these white bears remain. The best way to protect them is to make every effort to preserve the (49) _______ balance of their forest environment—in other words, their ecosystem.
The greatest (50) _______ to the bear’s existence is the loss of its habitat. Over many years, logging companies have stripped the land by (51) _______ a large number of trees. In addition, they have built roads which have fractured the areas where the bear usually (52) _______, and many hibernation sites have also been lost. The logging of the trees along the streams has damaged the places where the bears fish. To make matters worse, the number of salmon in those streams is declining because there is no legal (53) _______ on fishing at the moment.
All these (54) _______ have a negative impact on the spirit bear’s very existence, which is made all the more fragile by the fact that reproduction among these bears has always been (55) _______ low. While it is important to maintain the spirit bear’s habitat, there also needs to be more emphasis on its expansion. The move is justified as it will also create space for other bears that are losing their homes.A. originally B. actually C. specially D. cautiouslyA. external B. scarce C. circular D. specialA. justified B. threatened C. regarded D. instructedA. habitat B. behavior C. habit D. dataA. Moreover B. For example C. In other words D. In additionA. origin B. issue C. resource D. sourceA. by the way B. in return C. to some extent D. on the contraryA. stimulates B. owes C. originates D. sustainsA. typical B. specific C. delicate D. originalA. threat B. symbol C. sign D. effectA. calling in B. cutting down C. pushing around D. wearing outA. feeds B. sleeps C. reveals D. indicatesA. possibility B. ambition C. limit D. lawA. doubts B. influences C. guarantees D. continuesA. optimistically B. reliably C. fundamentally D. disappointinglySection BDirections: Rea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.ANot enough A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )merican students want to be engineers, mathematicians, or scientists. The federal government wants to change that. They are spending money to do it. The government will invest three billion dollars in the education of young Americans in science, technology, engineering and math. The four areas together are kown as STEM. Many jobs in the STEM fields will open in the coming years. The U.S. government’s investment aims to increase the number of Americans who can take those jobs. Yet girls appear far less interested in STEM subjects than boys. Only 25 percent of STEM students are girls. Debbie Sterling is an engineer. She invented a construction toy for girls. The name of the toy is "Goldie Blox." Ms. Sterling hopes Goldie Blox will help girls develop skills in space and shapes, which help engineers and builders to think about objects in three dimensions. To interest girl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s, Sterling created the character "Goldie." Goldie does not care about beauty or clothes. Goldie tells stories, solves difficult problems and creates imaginary worlds. Mia is a seven-y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ear-old girl who likes science. In her room, she has no fashion dolls. Instead, she has a pegboard, wheels, blocks and an inventor’s journal to write her observations. Mia received a set of Goldie Blox from her grandmother. She learned to make machine with the blocks. "When my grandmother first sent me the present, a spinning machine, I was really excited. I knew it had to do with engineering, so I grabbed the box and opened it. Then I went for more——I went to the website; I went on YouTube to find more videos. My mom asked me why I was just watching videos instead of building. I told her I didn’t have enough pieces. She got me the builder survival kit." Experts say paren ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts should do more than just buy toys to interest their girls in STEM subjects. They should also provide a good education. At school, girls should participate in projects that require teamwork and creative thinking. `Women in sci ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )entific and technical jobs are also working to encourage young women to explore STEM. One is Anu Tewary. She studied Applied Physics and worked for technology companies. After she had a daughter, she started Technovati Challenge. The challenge is an international competition for young women from 10 to 18 years old. There is a good chanc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e that soon, more young women using mobile phones will also be developing programs for them.We can learn about STEM that______.The U.S government will invest in STEM education.The market of STEM will be highly competitive.Girls like STEM better than boys.Stem stands for science, technology, economy, and math.Why does Mia like Goldie blox Because Goldie cares about beauty.Because her grandmother first sent her the present.Because Mia likes engineering.Because there are videos to watch.What should be done to help girls to be more interested in STEM Parents should buy more gifts for them.Schools should be en ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )couraged to set up courses about teamwork and creative thinking.Women in STEM jobs should encourage them to join.More mobile phone program should be developed for them.BOne dictionary broad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly defines the word “crisis” as “a crucial turning point in the progress of an affair or of a series of events, as in politics, business, a story, or play…” This paper will attempt to define a much narrower but extremely significant aspect of crisis: personal crisis.Sometimes our ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )more or less steady progress through life comes to a jolting halt(止步). Something unexpected, shocking, frightening, threatening, and disastrous happens --- a crisis. Such a development can disturb relationships, interfere with work efficiency, and cause confusion, disorganization, and serious emotional upheaval（剧变）. Solutions that have worked for us in solving past problems no longer prove adequate. As anxiety increases, our powers to cope with it correspondingly decrease. The crisis quickly leads to frustration; we feel helpless either to escape from the problem or to resolve it successfully.Many people th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ink of crisis as being connected only with unhappy or unpleasant events. This is not the case. Crisis can occur as a result of any change, even one that is generally welcomed: marriage, birth of a child, graduation from school or college, or election to public office.Crises are generall ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y of two types. First, there are the expected, maturational crises we experience at times of life development and change. Examples of this include a child’s first enrollment in school or his transfer at a later age to new school. These events may precipitate（促成） a crisis --- both for the youngster and his parents. Another time when crisis can be expected is during adolescence.The second typ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e of crisis is the unexpected, accidental kind. This can stem from many sources: becoming involved in a legal suit, having an automobiles crash, being fired from a job, losing a large sum of money, or falling suddenly ill. Severe illness will create a crisis not only for the individual concerned but also for his family. And an illness may itself be caused by an emotional crisis, such as the death of a spouse, offspring, or sibling.In a recent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )attitude survey, researchers gathered information to determine which crisis situations in life were most likely to precede（领先于）illness. The study showed that the three most stressful life events were death of a spouse, divorce, and marital separation. Other events that fell toward the top of the crisis scale were a jail term, death of a close family member, personal injury or illness, marriage, losing one’s job, marital resolution, retirement, change in the health of a family member, pregnancy, gain of a new family member, business readjustment, and change in financial state.According to th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e passage, which of the following is the most proper definition of “crisis”
A. A point or moment of great danger, difficulty, or uncertainty.
B. A crucial turning point in the process of an affair or of a series of events, either expected or unexpected.
C. The time in a serious illness at which there is a sudden change for better or worse.
D. A result of change.All the following may ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) be causes of a crisis EXCEPT __________.
A. pregnancy B. graduation from high school
C. steady progress through life D. adolescence The word “maturat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ional” in line 1 Paragraph 4 most probably means __________.
A. related to growth B. related to youngsters
C. pleasant D. welcomedIllness, in the aut ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hor’s opinion, is __________ crisis.
A. a cause of B. a result of
C. neither a cause nor a result of D. either a cause or a result ofCIn Japan, where ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )career opportunities for women are few, where divorce can mean a life of hardship, and where most female names are still formed using a word for child, a woman’s independence has always come at a steep price.Notions of wom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en’s liberation have never taken root among Japanese women. But with inadequate open conflict, the push for separate burials is quietly becoming one of the country’s fastest growing social trends. In a recent survey by the TBS television network, 20 percent of the women who responded said they hoped to be buried separately from their husbands.The funerary revol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t comes as women here annoy at Japan’s slow pace in providing greater equality between the sexes. The law, for example, still makes it almost impossible for a woman to use her maiden name after marriage. Meanwhile, divorce rates are low by Western standards, because achieving financial independence or even obtaining a credit card in one’s own name is an insurmountable obstacle for many divorced women. Until recently, society enforced restrictions on women even in death. Under Japan’s complex burial customs, divorced or unmarried women were traditionally unwelcome in most graveyards, where plots(小块土地) are still passed down through the husband’s family and descendants must provide maintenance for burial sites or lose them.“The woman who ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) wanted to be buried alone couldn’t find a graveyard until about 10 years ago,” said Haruyo Inoue, a sociologist of death and burial at Japan University. She said that graveyards which did not require descendants to maintain, in order to accommodate women, began appearing in around 1990. Today, she said that there are close to 400 of these cemeteries in Japan. That is just one sign of stirring among Japanese women, who are also pressing for the first time to change the law to be able to use their maiden names after marriage.Although cred ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it goes beyond any individual, many women cite Junko Mastubara, a popular writer on women’s issues, with igniting the trend to separate sex burials. Starting three years ago, Ms. Matsubara has built an association of nearly 600 women --- some divorced, some unhappily married, and some determinedly single --- who plan to share a common plot curbed out of an ordinary cemetery in the western suburb of Chofu.What is the passage ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mainly concerned with
A. How to change Japan’s complex burial customs.
B. Japanese women’s efforts to win sex equality.
C. Social and governmental obligation in eliminating sex inequality.
D. How Japanese laws prevent Japanese women from being buried alone.From the fact t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat divorce can mean a life of hardship for Japanese women, we can infer that __________.
A. Many Japanese women have a low social status.
B. It’s an out-dated custom for Japanese women to be housewives.
C. Many Japanese women have a bad relationship with their husbands.
D. Many Japanese women live together with their husbands in perfect harmony.Which of the fol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lowing statements about the funeral revolt in Japan is NOT true
A. More and more Japanese women prefer to be buried separately from their husbands.B. Japan’s complex bur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ial customs make it more difficult for Japanese women to be buried separately.C. More and more Japan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ese women resort to divorce to win the victory of funeral revolt.D. It comes as t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he result of Japanese women’s dissatisfaction with Japan’s slow pace in providing greater sex equality.The meaning of the wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d “ignite” in the last paragraph is __________.
A. to initiate B. to reverse C. to suggest D. to strengthenSection CDirections: Read the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Microchips ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) will deepen this dynamic, as they “literally go with the worker whenever they go”.B. Chipping, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) thereby, has swept across the globe with its magnetic appeal.C. Not all of the attention was positive, however.D. Mostly, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ey have been used to organize warehouses or identify lost pets.E. Conquered by ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the “almighty” microchips, workers may no longer be their own masters.F. For this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )community, the chip signifies an all-in-one combination of biology and technology.The Rise of MicrochippingOn August 1, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2017, workers at Three Square Market, a company specializing in vending machines, lined up in the office cafeteria to be implanted with microchips. One after another, they held out a hand to a tattooist who pushed a rice-grain sized implant into the flesh between their thumb and forefinger. The group implant event, organized by company management, fitted into Three Square Market’s longer-term vision of a cashless payment system for their vending machines—workplace snacks purchased with a flick of the wrist. The televised “chipping party” was picked up by media outlets from Moscow to Sydney. (67) ____________________ After the event, Three Square Market’s Google reviews page was flooded with one-star ratings.For Jowan sterlund, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )whose company Biohax provided the service, microchip implants were not radical or even novel. He has lived with one for years and has implanted hundreds of other young, tech-savvy（技术大咖）Swedes. (68) ____________________ They have used their implants to gain access to their co-working spaces, pay for gym membership, and even to ride the train. But are the people of the world ready for technology to start getting under their skin Microchip impla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts are essentially cylindrical（长圆形的）bar codes that, when scanned, transmit a unique signal through a layer of skin. (69) ______________________ Today, Biohax is aiming to simplify identity and access in the digital world, offering a replacement to the seemingly endless collection of passwords, keys, tickets and cards that clutter our lives. Jowan’s friend Hannes Sj blad has his own microchip-focused business. He believes that by placing a device under the skin, instead of wearing it like a Fitbit, data collection will be greatly improved. But Urs Gasse ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r at Harvard University believes that extending beyond the Swedish tech-hub environment to a broader market will be legally and morally difficult. In his view, Three Square Market’s chipping event actually symbolizes the imbalances of power in the workplace. Are you a person being paid for your work, or are you the property of the company you work for Ifeoma Ajunw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a at Cornell University adds that it is crucial to consider the implications of this technology in the context of increasing worker surveillance（管制）. (70) ____________________ This seems to blur the line between work and family life,” she said. IV. Summary WritingDirections: Re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. A new study suggest ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s many Americans have not visited the most popular places of interest around the country or even in their hometown.The study foun ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d that 25 percent of Americans have yet to visit "iconic landmarks" in their own cities. Twenty-three percent said they had not visited any of the nation’s natural wonders, famous buildings or historic battlefields.The study was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a project of the research service OnePoll and Zipcar, a car-sharing company.Researchers ques ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tioned 2,000 Americans. Only 33 percent of them said they had been to Niagara Falls and just 28 percent had been to Arizona’s Grand Canyon. The study showed that only 30 percent had been to New York’s Empire State Building. Only 22 percent had ever visited the National Mall in Washington, D.C.Many Americans say the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y would like to travel more. More than half of those questioned said they would like to get out more. Forty-nine percent reported being "creatures of habit." By that, they mean they generally do the same things in the same way. That would leave little time to visit local or national landmarks.The researchers fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )und that the main reasons keeping Americans from exploring their cities or the country were money, lack of time and a lack of good transportation.On social media, o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne Twitter user reacting to the study named a few reasons for not visiting famous places. The writer noted that “most of us don’t get paid days off, get punished for taking a day off, or simply can’t afford to visit anything or go anywhere anymore."The Twitter user add ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed, "Childcare costs more than College, College Loans costs more than a mortgage payment, and jobs don’t even pay for one of those things.”The study found t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat three of the places Americans wanted to visit were Grand Canyon National Park, Yellowstone National Park and the Statue of Liberty.The researchers a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lso found that, on average, Americans go to a new coffee shop every five months, and a new restaurant every four months. They also spent time at a lake or near the ocean once every six months, and go to a park every five months.V. TranslationDirections: Tr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.那个新发现的星球上是否有水还是一个迷。(remain)差异不是偶尔一回，而是日复一日形成的。(It)无论我们分别多久，有多少困难要克服，我们还是血浓于水的一家人。(No matter)采访发现，83%的人认为教师肩负着培养下一代的重任，是提高全民文化素质的重要因素，值得尊敬。(worth)
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进门小练笔Food serves as a form ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture’s celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural（农村的）and urban areas within one country.Sharing bread, w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.Food also pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.Many cultures have cer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )emonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.Nutrition is necessar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.32. According to the passage, sharing bread______.A. indicates a lack of food B. can help to develop unityC. is a custo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m unique to rural areas D. has its roots in birthday celebrations33. What doe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year A. Trust. B. Success. C. Health. D. Togetherness.34. The author explains the role of food in celebrations by______.A. using examples B. making comparisonsC. analyzing causes D. describing processes35. What is the passage mainly about A. The custom of sharing food. B. The specific meaning of food.C. The role of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )food in ceremonies. D. The importance of food in culture.32. B【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】根据第一段中的“Sharin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust”可知，答案为B项。33. B【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】根据第二段中“A coin is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) put into the cake, which signifies（预示）success in the New Year for the person who receives it”可知答案为B项。34. A【命题意图】考查短语猜测。【解题思路】作者是通过举例来说明食物在节日庆祝中的作用的，比如：在第三段中分别以美国南部、希腊为例，而第四段中则举了中国为例。35. D【命题意图】考查主旨大意。【解题思路】第一段的中心句是“Food c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture’s celebrations or traditions”；第三段的中心句是“Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations”；第四段的中心是“Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role”。综上所述，可知答案为D项。课堂导入素材源：scmp（原文有删改) https: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )//21世纪教育网/news/china/society/article/3042297/dozens-foreign-students-expelled-chinese-university-amid ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )VocabularyDirections: Compl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.quoting B. at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tached C. response D. discipline E. specified F. withdrawn G. urgently H. attendance I. exposed J. heading K. expelled Wuhan University in Wu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )han, Hubei province, _____1___92 students from more than 10 countries for problems ranging from poor grades to___2_______violations and failure to pay tuition fees, Changjiang Daily reported on Monday.The expulsions ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) followed warnings to the students a year earlier, the report said, ___3_____ a staff member in the admissions office of the university’s School of International Education.In the past, the univ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ersity had expelled just one or two overseas students a year, but the number rose this year in___4____ to the Ministry of Education’s call to improve standards for overseas students, the staff member was quoted as saying.“The ministry has __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__5_____ great importance to international students studying in China. In the past we focused on quantity, but now quality is more important,” he said.Under university ru ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )les, international students who fail to pay tuition fees on time will not be enrolled, and those who miss more than 20 classes can be _____6____ from courses.In September last ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) year, the ministry ___7____ requirements for overseas students, ordering universities to hold them to the same standards as local students.As part of the re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )quirements, universities must strictly record ___8_____and report those who fail to meet the minimum number of classes to education and immigration authorities. The ministry said in July that China ____9___ needed to improve standards in the area, with many international students at Chinese universities not making the academic grade.While most Chine ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se students ___10_____overseas opt for colleges in Europe, North America or Australia, most students coming into China were from the developing world, according to ministry data.【词汇讲解】 disciplinen.training that makes pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople more willing to obey or more able to control themselves, often in the form of rules, and punishments if these are broken, or the behaviour produced by this training训导；训练；纪律；约束例：parental/military/school discipline父母的训导／军事训练／校规There should be tougher discipline in schools.学校的纪律应该更严一些。specifyv.to explain or describe something clearly and exactly具体说明；明确指出例：He said we should meet but didn't specify a time.他说我们应该见见面，但没说具体时间。expelv.to force someone to leave a school, organization, or country驱逐；除名；开除例：My brother was expelled from school for bad behaviour.我弟弟因为行为不端被学校开除了。violatev.to break or act agains ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t something, especially a law, agreement, principle, or something that should be treated with respect违反，违背，违犯（尤指法律、协议、原则等）例：They were charged with violating federal law.他们被控违犯了联邦法律。withdraw v.to take or move out or back, or to remove抽回；取回；提取；撤回；撤离；退出；移回例：The UN has withdrawn its troops from the country.联合国已从该国撤军。immigrationn.the act of someone coming to live in a different country移民（入境）例：There are strict limits on immigration (into the country).（该国）对入境移民有着严格的限制。attendance n.the fact of going somewhere such as a church, school, etc. regularly（有规律地）出席，参加；到场（如去教堂，学校等）例：Attendance at lectures is compulsory.这些讲座必须去听。enrollv.to put yourself or ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) someone else onto the official list of members of a course, college, or group（使）加入；注册；招（生）；吸收例：I enrolled for/in/on the modern art course.我注册修读现代艺术课。【参考答案】1-5KDACB 6-10 FEHGJ【答案详解】该题需要动词过去式，根据意思据《长江日报》周一报道，湖北省武汉市的武汉大学开除了来自10多个国家的92名学生。所以选择K。该题需要一个名词，根据意思原因包括成绩差、违反纪律和不交学费等。所以选择D。该题需要一个ving,根据意思根据该校国际教育学院招生办公室一名工作人员说，学生们在被开除的前一年就收到了警告。所以选择A。该题需要一个名词，根据意思但为了应教育部提高留学生标准的号召，今年这数量有所上升。所以选择C。该题需要一个动词过去分词，根据固定搭配，attach great importance to 重视....，所以选择B。该题需要一个动词过去分词，根据意思但为了应教育部提高留学生标准的号召，今年这数量有所上升。所以选择F。该题需要一个动词过去式，根据意思去年9月，教育部规定了对海外学生的准则，要求高校按本地学生的标准对待留学生。所以选择E。该题需要一个名词，根据意思作为要求的一部分，大学必须严格记录出勤率，并向教育和移民部门报告那些没有达到最低出勤率的学生。所以选择H。该题需要一个副词，因为整个句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子不缺成分，根据意思教育部在7月份表示，中国迫切需要提高这方面的标准，因为许多在中国大学就读的国际学生没有获得该有的成绩。所以选择G。该题需要一个ving, 根 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据意思教育部的数据显示，尽管大多数赴海外留学的中国学生选择欧洲、北美或澳大利亚的大学，但大多数赴华学生来自发展中国家。所以选择J。精讲精练知识点一（考纲词汇S-T）【考纲词汇S-T】sacrifice n/vt. 牺牲；献祭sample n. 样品，标本；实例scarce adj. 缺乏的；稀有的scarcely adv. 几乎不；刚刚；才schedule n. 时间表，计划（表）；日程安排（表）secure adj. 安全的；安心的；牢固的 vt. 使安全；保卫；获得seek vt. 寻找；寻求；探求seize vt. 抓住；夺取sensible adj. 明智的；合情理的；有知觉的sensitive adj. 敏感的；神经过敏的separate adj. 分开的；各自的；单独的 vt. 使分开；使隔离；划分；区分setting n. 环境；（舞台，小说等的）背景；调节severe adj. 严重的；严厉的；严格的shallow adj. 浅的shelter n.隐藏所，庇护者，避难所；保护，庇护 vt. 遮蔽，隐蔽；保护 vi.躲避，避难shift n. 转换；轮班 ；变化 vt. 转换，移动；变化shortcut n. 近路；捷径shrink vi. 收缩；退缩19. significant adj. 重要的；有重大意义的simplify vt. 简化；使简易sincerely adv. 真诚地slight adj. 轻微的；少量的，不足道的smooth adj. 平滑的；平稳的；顺利的sociable adj. （好）交际的；社交的specific adj. 明确的；具体的；特定的spiritual adj. 精神上的splendid adj. 壮丽的；辉煌的；（口）极好的spoil vt. 破坏；糟蹋；宠坏； vt. （食物）变质sponsor vt. 主办，赞助 n. 发起者；赞助商；主办者stable adj. 稳定的；稳固的steady adj. 稳的；稳定的stimulate vt. 激励；刺激strategy n. 战略；策略；行动计划；对策stress n. 压力；紧张 vt. 强调strike v. 打，击；（灾害，疾病等）袭击 n. 罢工strive vi. 努力；奋斗；力争，力求structure n. 结构；构造stylish adj. 流行的；时髦的subconscious adj. 潜意识的；意识不清的substance n. 物质，材料substitute vt. 用…代替 n. 代替者（物）sufficient adj. 充足的，足够的summary n. 摘要；总结superior adj. 较好的；上级的 n. 上级；长辈supervise v. 监督；管理；指导surrounding n. （pl.）环境，周围的事物 adj. 周围的，环绕的suspect vt. 对…有所察觉；怀疑；对…有所疑问 n. 嫌疑犯suspicion n. 怀疑suspend v. 悬，挂，吊；（使）悬浮switch vi/n. 开关；转换symbolic adj. 象征的sympathetic adj. 同情的symptom n. 症状talkative adj. 好说话的；健谈的target n. 目标；对象 vt. 规定…的指标；把…作为目标temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的tempt vt. 吸引；引诱tendency n. 趋势；（性格，性质或作品等的）倾向tension n. 紧张terminal n. 末端；终端；终点territory n. 领土，领地，地区theme n. （谈话，讨论，文章等的）题目，主题therapy n. 疗法；治疗thorough adj. 彻底的；完全的65.tough adj. 坚韧的；棘手的；固执的；能吃苦耐劳的66.track n. 踪迹；足迹；小道；路径 vt. 追踪67.tragedy n. 悲剧；灾难；惨事68.transfer v. 搬；转移；调动69.transform vt. 改造；改革；使改变性质70.translate v. 翻译；转变71.tremendous adj. 极大的，巨大的72.trend n. （路，河流等的）走向；趋势；倾向 vi. 趋势；倾向73.trick n. 诡计；戏法；技巧；恶作剧vt. 欺诈74. typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的 知识点二（书信作文） 应用文之书信写作1你的好友因家境一般买不起名牌而闷闷不乐。给他写信，谈谈你的看法和建议。收信人:徐海青 寄信人：黄平 寄信日期:2021六月八曰Dear Haiqing,I hear you are very u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nhappy these days because your parents can't afford to buy you some brand-name shoes and garments you like very much. And I write you this letter to share with you what I think about this matter. [Part 1: 描述问题，直奔主题]To begin with, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) beauty is just skin deep. Don't you think it silly to pay so much attention to your appearance He is a shallow person who judges others by their appearance; in the same sense he is a shallow person who thinks that a brand-name garment can add to his glamour. So please, just forget about-those brand-name things. What really matter is riot whether you wear brand-name shoes or garments but whether your clothes fit you. As a student, you have to wear the school uniform on the weekdays and to be honest（frank）, you look very smart in it. Then why do you have to bother to buy the expensive brand-name things Secondly, I know your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) parents are both average workers. Hard as they work, they don’t earn much. Despite this, they do their best to give you a lot of things on demand.Look at the cal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lus(老苗)on their hands and wrinkles on their faces, how can you have the heart to ask for more than they can afford, which will surely break their hearts Remember, parents do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n't owe us expensive summer camps; they don't owe us Sony Walkman; nor do they owe us Nike shoes. If you really want those fancy things you should take a part-time job to contribute to their purchase rather than ask your parents for money to add to their already heavy burden. Don't you think so Thirdly, we hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e such a wide variety of things available these days which are both nice and inexpensive. What's the point of paying much more for those brand-name things that are not much better My friend, take my advice, and you'll be a wiser Consumer as well as a more considerate child to your parents. [Part 2:；阐明看法，提出建议]Poverty, some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )times, is a good thing. It can test a person’s character and it makes a man out of a boy faster than anything else. Keep working hard, and you are bound to be able to afford those things in the near future. Now you may as well focus on your study. Anyway, wouldn't it be funny, for a would-be achiever to be so preoccupied with brand-name things all day long [Part 3:总结全文]Keep in touch.YoursHuang Ping主题词汇及句型积累表述先后顺序的短语To begin with首先Secondly其次Thirdly再者pay so much attention to 注意in the same sense在同样意义上add to增加to be honest老实说botherto怕麻烦break their hearts使某人心碎contribute to贡献于rather than而不是are bound to注定focus on关注于be so preoccupied with一心想做，专注于Keep in touch保持联系当堂检测一：相关翻译 2021闵行一模72. 游客不仅能品尝这里的美食，还能免费观看地方戏曲。(free) 73. 长辈们常不厌其烦地叮嘱我们要趁年轻多学本领，勤读书。(while) 74. 如果沉溺于虚拟世界，疏于人际交流，你会感觉与周围的一切格格不入。(addict) 75. 这部电影制作成本低，既无大牌明星出镜，也无复杂的故事情节，但主人公对故乡深深的依恋之情令观众动容。 (neither…nor) 答案 72. Visitors can n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot only taste the delicious food here, but also enjoy the free local opera . 73. The elders re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )peatedly tell us to obtain more skills and study diligently(1 分)while we are young.74. If you addi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ct yourself to the virtual world and neglect interpersonal communication, you will find it hard to adapt yourself to the things around you.75. Although t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his was a low-cost film, with neither famous stars (in it) nor complicated plot, the audience was greatly moved by the deep love of the main character to his hometown . 2021长宁一模72.我在玩纵横字谜时拼错了一个词，卡住了。(stick)73.这套房有两居室，小的那间可用做书房。(serve)74.尽管我们在生活中会遇到困难，但人人都有机会让他人的生活有所改变。(regardless)75.在互联网时代，便捷和风险共生，只有具有风险防范意识方能拥有安全感和获得感。(unless)答案72.I got stuck when I misspelled a word in a crossword puzzle.73.There are two ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bedrooms in the flat, the smaller of which serves as a study.74.Each of us, regard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )less of what difficulties we may encounter/meet in life,75.In an age/era ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the Internet, when convenience and risks conexist,we cannot have a sense of achievements and safety, unless we have the consciousness of risk prevention.二：作文练习Directions: W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rite an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.你校学生会主席Simon在征集明高中毕业典礼的活动方案，作为高三的学生，请你给他写封信，信的内空必须包括以下两个方面：阐述你活动方案的主题和内容；谈谈你设计该方案的理由。（信中不能提到真实姓名和学校）Dear Simon,Knowing that you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are collecting various ideas of holding the graduation ceremony of our high school students, I’m writing to devote my efforts to the potential plan.In my perspe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ctive, the activity should be based on dream and memory, which will not only focus on the bright prospect of the graduates but also touch on the enjoyable interaction between students and their respectable teachers. When it comes to specific content of the activity, it’s advisable for students to note down their dreams on the tips, which will then be shown to the vast majority on the wall. Then comes the presentation of the rewarding moments in their high school life. Several students will be recommended from respective class to demonstrate precious photos or videos full of their memory. The reasons ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for this plan are listed as follows. First and foremost, dreams are to graduates what water is to fish. Without dreams, there is a great likelihood that they will be at a loss in university education. By writing down their dreams, students can encourage each other to take action to realize them. In addition, memory is also an indispensable part of their life. Only by sharing photos or videos will students have a sense of belonging to a certain community. And the memory will be all around no matter where they are.As a senior three stu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dent, I have such mixed feelings about this ceremony that I’m genuinely hoping that you will give serious consideration to my plan. I wish you every success about it. Yours， Jack温故知新II. Grammar and vocabulary Section ADirections: After ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Cosmic rays are mys ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )terious, high-charged atomic particles traveling through space at the speed of light, (21) _______ have puzzled scientists for years. But for Yang Jia, a member of the National Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), China’s top political advisory body, the ability to see and study them (22) _______ help generate interest in science and space among schoolchildren.Cosmic rays, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )first (23) _______ (discover) in 1912, have been an enigma for years, but their detectability means they can be studied by middle and high school students with a basic knowledge of physics.Yang, also a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) professor and a member of the Jiusan Society, a democratic political party, proposed further (24) _______ (promote) the study of cosmic rays on school campuses at this year’s Two Sessions."It’s a wonde ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rful idea. I heard a presentation from a scientist Zhang Chuang, and I was quite excited. I think it is a wonderful way (25) _______ (share) their knowledge with young people. At that time, I heard in Los Angeles, there were already 80 high schools having such extra curriculums, and in Italy, there were 50. But in China, there were just a few," said Yang.An organizatio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n called Campus Cosmic Ray Observation Collaboration (26) _______ (establish) in September 2020 to promote the idea. Zhang, head of the organization, said they plan to build more stations on school campuses across China."We’ve been wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )king on building more observation stations on campuses. At the moment, we have three in Dongzhimen, and we plan to set up more. Now we are working with three schools to build such stations. We also try to put our existing data on the website so that students can carry out related studies with open access," said Zhang. (27) _______ cosmic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ray observation belongs to the field of frontier physics, experts say introducing it to the campus helps popularize science among students.Chinese scie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntist Shen Changquan, 79, (28) _______ (guide) Dongzhimen High School workshop for seven years since his retirement. He said such activities can help increase young students’ interest in science."By exposing stud ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ents to cutting-edge science, students can stand on the shoulders of giants and touch a wider world. It’s not about (29) _______ being scientists. It’s just that a lot of advanced equipment today requires physics knowledge, and improving the physics level of all people is very important," said Shen.Talking abou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the future of the proposal, Yang said she is looking forward to seeing more dialogue between top scientists and students in China. She said they are optimistic, and (30) _______ the difficulties ahead, the drive for humans to fully understand the unknown can never be stopped.Section B Directions: Fill in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. collectivelyB. engineC. convincedD. contributeE. distributeF. envisionedG. addressH. increasinglyI. seeminglyJ. engagementK. initiativeOcean plastic has b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecome a defining problem of our time, and a challenge to the world’s brightest thinkers and innovators. With a significant portion of plastic waste entering through rivers, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste is supporting the work of Renew Ocean to (31) _______ the lack of waste infrastructure in developing regions.Research publishe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d in Environmental Science & Technology in 2017 shows that rivers (32) _______ dump anywhere from a half to three million tons of plastic into the seas every year. According to the data, ten rivers alone carry 93 percent of the river-borne plastics that end up in the ocean. To help prevent this plastic waste from reaching the ocean, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste will sponsor Renew Oceans, a localized (33) _______ and investment project focused on high-leakage rivers. As a Founding Global Oceans Sponsor, the Alliance will (34) _______ its materials and logistics (物流) capabilities. The National Geographic Society has also supported the Renew Oceans (35) _______.Renew Oceans ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is part of the Renewology partnership, a brainchild of Priyanka Bakaya. Growing up in Australia, Bakaya became fascinated by science, chemistry, and the environment. Trips to India as a child (36) _______ her of the need to do something positive for an environment (37) _______ strained by plastic waste. At Stanford University, she became aware of social entrepreneurship and continued developing her ideas for ending plastic waste in business school at MIT. How does Renew Oceans ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) plan to tackle a(n) (38) _______ insurmountable (难以克服的) problem First, using proprietary(专利的) “biofence” technology designed by Renewology, plastic waste is collected as it flows down rivers and branches. ReFences divert the plastic and thus keep it from accumulating and entering the ocean. As (39) _______, the program has major side benefits. The plastic collected across the developing world will be converted into fuel, while waste pickers will receive compensation directly tied to the fuel generated from the plastic they collect. Renewology can become a powerful (40) _______ for empowering local communities while cleaning up the world’s trash and providing necessary fuel.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Today we continue ou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r series on ecology and conservation with a look at a particularly endangered member of the black bear family. One in ten black bears is (41) _______ born with a white coat, which is the result of a/an (42) _______ gene that surfaces in a few. Local people have named it ‘the spirit bear’. And according to the legends of these communities, its snowy fur brings with it a special power. Because of this, it has always been highly (43) _______ by them—so much that they do not speak of seeing it to anyone else. It is their way of protecting it when strangers visit the area.
The white bear’s (44) _______is quite interesting. The bear’s strong relationship with the old-growth rainforest is a complex one. The white bear relies on the huge centuries-old trees in the forest in many ways. (45) _______, the old-growth trees have extremely long roots that help prevent erosion（腐蚀） of the soil along the banks of the many fish streams. Keeping these banks undamaged is important because these streams are home to salmon, which are the bear’s main food(46) _______. The bear’s feeding habits nurture the forest (47) _______. As the bears eat the salmon, they abandon the skin and bones in great amounts on the forest floor, which provide vital nutrients. These produce vegetation that (48) _______ thousands of other types of life forms, from birds to insects and more.
Today, the spirit bear lives off the coast of the province of British Columbia on a few islands. There is great concern for their survival since it is estimated that less than two hundred of these white bears remain. The best way to protect them is to make every effort to preserve the (49) _______ balance of their forest environment—in other words, their ecosystem.
The greatest (50) _______ to the bear’s existence is the loss of its habitat. Over many years, logging companies have stripped the land by (51) _______ a large number of trees. In addition, they have built roads which have fractured the areas where the bear usually (52) _______, and many hibernation sites have also been lost. The logging of the trees along the streams has damaged the places where the bears fish. To make matters worse, the number of salmon in those streams is declining because there is no legal (53) _______ on fishing at the moment.
All these (54) _______ have a negative impact on the spirit bear’s very existence, which is made all the more fragile by the fact that reproduction among these bears has always been (55) _______ low. While it is important to maintain the spirit bear’s habitat, there also needs to be more emphasis on its expansion. The move is justified as it will also create space for other bears that are losing their homes.A. originally B. actually C. specially D. cautiouslyA. external B. scarce C. circular D. specialA. justified B. threatened C. regarded D. instructedA. habitat B. behavior C. habit D. dataA. Moreover B. For example C. In other words D. In additionA. origin B. issue C. resource D. sourceA. by the way B. in return C. to some extent D. on the contraryA. stimulates B. owes C. originates D. sustainsA. typical B. specific C. delicate D. originalA. threat B. symbol C. sign D. effectA. calling in B. cutting down C. pushing around D. wearing outA. feeds B. sleeps C. reveals D. indicatesA. possibility B. ambition C. limit D. lawA. doubts B. influences C. guarantees D. continuesA. optimistically B. reliably C. fundamentally D. disappointinglySection BDirections: Read ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.ANot enough America ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n students want to be engineers, mathematicians, or scientists. The federal government wants to change that. They are spending money to do it. The government will invest three billion dollars in the education of young Americans in science, technology, engineering and math. The four areas together are kown as STEM. Many jobs in the STEM fields will open in the coming years. The U.S. government’s investment aims to increase the number of Americans who can take those jobs. Yet girls appear far less interested in STEM subjects than boys. Only 25 percent of STEM students are girls. Debbie Sterling is an engineer. She invented a construction toy for girls. The name of the toy is "Goldie Blox." Ms. Sterling hopes Goldie Blox will help girls develop skills in space and shapes, which help engineers and builders to think about objects in three dimensions. To interest girls, St ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erling created the character "Goldie." Goldie does not care about beauty or clothes. Goldie tells stories, solves difficult problems and creates imaginary worlds. Mia is a seven-year ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-old girl who likes science. In her room, she has no fashion dolls. Instead, she has a pegboard, wheels, blocks and an inventor’s journal to write her observations. Mia received a set of Goldie Blox from her grandmother. She learned to make machine with the blocks. "When my grandmother first sent me the present, a spinning machine, I was really excited. I knew it had to do with engineering, so I grabbed the box and opened it. Then I went for more——I went to the website; I went on YouTube to find more videos. My mom asked me why I was just watching videos instead of building. I told her I didn’t have enough pieces. She got me the builder survival kit." Experts say ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) parents should do more than just buy toys to interest their girls in STEM subjects. They should also provide a good education. At school, girls should participate in projects that require teamwork and creative thinking. `Women in scientifi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )c and technical jobs are also working to encourage young women to explore STEM. One is Anu Tewary. She studied Applied Physics and worked for technology companies. After she had a daughter, she started Technovati Challenge. The challenge is an international competition for young women from 10 to 18 years old. There is a good chan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce that soon, more young women using mobile phones will also be developing programs for them.We can learn about STEM that______.The U.S government will invest in STEM education.The market of STEM will be highly competitive.Girls like STEM better than boys.Stem stands for science, technology, economy, and math.Why does Mia like Goldie blox Because Goldie cares about beauty.Because her grandmother first sent her the present.Because Mia likes engineering.Because there are videos to watch.What should be done to help girls to be more interested in STEM Parents should buy more gifts for them.Schools should be en ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )couraged to set up courses about teamwork and creative thinking.Women in STEM jobs should encourage them to join.More mobile phone program should be developed for them.BOne dictionary bro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )adly defines the word “crisis” as “a crucial turning point in the progress of an affair or of a series of events, as in politics, business, a story, or play…” This paper will attempt to define a much narrower but extremely significant aspect of crisis: personal crisis.Sometimes our more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) or less steady progress through life comes to a jolting halt(止步). Something unexpected, shocking, frightening, threatening, and disastrous happens --- a crisis. Such a development can disturb relationships, interfere with work efficiency, and cause confusion, disorganization, and serious emotional upheaval（剧变）. Solutions that have worked for us in solving past problems no longer prove adequate. As anxiety increases, our powers to cope with it correspondingly decrease. The crisis quickly leads to frustration; we feel helpless either to escape from the problem or to resolve it successfully.Many people ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )think of crisis as being connected only with unhappy or unpleasant events. This is not the case. Crisis can occur as a result of any change, even one that is generally welcomed: marriage, birth of a child, graduation from school or college, or election to public office.Crises are ge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nerally of two types. First, there are the expected, maturational crises we experience at times of life development and change. Examples of this include a child’s first enrollment in school or his transfer at a later age to new school. These events may precipitate（促成） a crisis --- both for the youngster and his parents. Another time when crisis can be expected is during adolescence.The second type of cr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )isis is the unexpected, accidental kind. This can stem from many sources: becoming involved in a legal suit, having an automobiles crash, being fired from a job, losing a large sum of money, or falling suddenly ill. Severe illness will create a crisis not only for the individual concerned but also for his family. And an illness may itself be caused by an emotional crisis, such as the death of a spouse, offspring, or sibling.In a recent attitude ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) survey, researchers gathered information to determine which crisis situations in life were most likely to precede（领先于）illness. The study showed that the three most stressful life events were death of a spouse, divorce, and marital separation. Other events that fell toward the top of the crisis scale were a jail term, death of a close family member, personal injury or illness, marriage, losing one’s job, marital resolution, retirement, change in the health of a family member, pregnancy, gain of a new family member, business readjustment, and change in financial state.According to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )passage, which of the following is the most proper definition of “crisis”
A. A point or moment of great danger, difficulty, or uncertainty.
B. A crucial turning point in the process of an affair or of a series of events, either expected or unexpected.
C. The time in a serious illness at which there is a sudden change for better or worse.
D. A result of change.All the following ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) may be causes of a crisis EXCEPT __________.
A. pregnancy B. graduation from high school
C. steady progress through life D. adolescence The word “maturat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ional” in line 1 Paragraph 4 most probably means __________.
A. related to growth B. related to youngsters
C. pleasant D. welcomedIllness, in the author ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s opinion, is __________ crisis.
A. a cause of B. a result of
C. neither a cause nor a result of D. either a cause or a result ofCIn Japan, where ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )career opportunities for women are few, where divorce can mean a life of hardship, and where most female names are still formed using a word for child, a woman’s independence has always come at a steep price.Notions of women’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s liberation have never taken root among Japanese women. But with inadequate open conflict, the push for separate burials is quietly becoming one of the country’s fastest growing social trends. In a recent survey by the TBS television network, 20 percent of the women who responded said they hoped to be buried separately from their husbands.The funerary revolt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )comes as women here annoy at Japan’s slow pace in providing greater equality between the sexes. The law, for example, still makes it almost impossible for a woman to use her maiden name after marriage. Meanwhile, divorce rates are low by Western standards, because achieving financial independence or even obtaining a credit card in one’s own name is an insurmountable obstacle for many divorced women. Until recently, society enforced restrictions on women even in death. Under Japan’s complex burial customs, divorced or unmarried women were traditionally unwelcome in most graveyards, where plots(小块土地) are still passed down through the husband’s family and descendants must provide maintenance for burial sites or lose them.“The woman w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ho wanted to be buried alone couldn’t find a graveyard until about 10 years ago,” said Haruyo Inoue, a sociologist of death and burial at Japan University. She said that graveyards which did not require descendants to maintain, in order to accommodate women, began appearing in around 1990. Today, she said that there are close to 400 of these cemeteries in Japan. That is just one sign of stirring among Japanese women, who are also pressing for the first time to change the law to be able to use their maiden names after marriage.Although cred ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it goes beyond any individual, many women cite Junko Mastubara, a popular writer on women’s issues, with igniting the trend to separate sex burials. Starting three years ago, Ms. Matsubara has built an association of nearly 600 women --- some divorced, some unhappily married, and some determinedly single --- who plan to share a common plot curbed out of an ordinary cemetery in the western suburb of Chofu.What is the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )assage mainly concerned with
A. How to change Japan’s complex burial customs.
B. Japanese women’s efforts to win sex equality.
C. Social and governmental obligation in eliminating sex inequality.
D. How Japanese laws prevent Japanese women from being buried alone.From the fact that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) divorce can mean a life of hardship for Japanese women, we can infer that __________.
A. Many Japanese women have a low social status.
B. It’s an out-dated custom for Japanese women to be housewives.
C. Many Japanese women have a bad relationship with their husbands.
D. Many Japanese women live together with their husbands in perfect harmony.Which of the follow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing statements about the funeral revolt in Japan is NOT true
A. More and more Japanese women prefer to be buried separately from their husbands.B. Japan’s co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mplex burial customs make it more difficult for Japanese women to be buried separately.C. More and more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Japanese women resort to divorce to win the victory of funeral revolt.D. It comes as the res ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ult of Japanese women’s dissatisfaction with Japan’s slow pace in providing greater sex equality.The meaning of t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he word “ignite” in the last paragraph is __________.
A. to initiate B. to reverse C. to suggest D. to strengthenSection CDirections: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Microchips wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll deepen this dynamic, as they “literally go with the worker whenever they go”.B. Chipping, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reby, has swept across the globe with its magnetic appeal.C. Not all of the attention was positive, however.D. Mostly, they hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e been used to organize warehouses or identify lost pets.E. Conquered by the “ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )almighty” microchips, workers may no longer be their own masters.F. For this community ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), the chip signifies an all-in-one combination of biology and technology.The Rise of MicrochippingOn August 1, 2017, wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rkers at Three Square Market, a company specializing in vending machines, lined up in the office cafeteria to be implanted with microchips. One after another, they held out a hand to a tattooist who pushed a rice-grain sized implant into the flesh between their thumb and forefinger. The group implant event, organized by company management, fitted into Three Square Market’s longer-term vision of a cashless payment system for their vending machines—workplace snacks purchased with a flick of the wrist. The televised “chipping party” was picked up by media outlets from Moscow to Sydney. (67) ____________________ After the event, Three Square Market’s Google reviews page was flooded with one-star ratings.For Jowan sterl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )und, whose company Biohax provided the service, microchip implants were not radical or even novel. He has lived with one for years and has implanted hundreds of other young, tech-savvy（技术大咖）Swedes. (68) ____________________ They have used their implants to gain access to their co-working spaces, pay for gym membership, and even to ride the train. But are the people of the world ready for technology to start getting under their skin Microchip implant ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s are essentially cylindrical（长圆形的）bar codes that, when scanned, transmit a unique signal through a layer of skin. (69) ______________________ Today, Biohax is aiming to simplify identity and access in the digital world, offering a replacement to the seemingly endless collection of passwords, keys, tickets and cards that clutter our lives. Jowan’s friend Hannes Sj blad has his own microchip-focused business. He believes that by placing a device under the skin, instead of wearing it like a Fitbit, data collection will be greatly improved. But Urs Gasse ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r at Harvard University believes that extending beyond the Swedish tech-hub environment to a broader market will be legally and morally difficult. In his view, Three Square Market’s chipping event actually symbolizes the imbalances of power in the workplace. Are you a person being paid for your work, or are you the property of the company you work for Ifeoma Ajunwa at Corn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ell University adds that it is crucial to consider the implications of this technology in the context of increasing worker surveillance（管制）. (70) ____________________ This seems to blur the line between work and family life,” she said. IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. A new study ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )suggests many Americans have not visited the most popular places of interest around the country or even in their hometown.The study found t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat 25 percent of Americans have yet to visit "iconic landmarks" in their own cities. Twenty-three percent said they had not visited any of the nation’s natural wonders, famous buildings or historic battlefields.The study was a proje ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ct of the research service OnePoll and Zipcar, a car-sharing company.Researchers questio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ned 2,000 Americans. Only 33 percent of them said they had been to Niagara Falls and just 28 percent had been to Arizona’s Grand Canyon. The study showed that only 30 percent had been to New York’s Empire State Building. Only 22 percent had ever visited the National Mall in Washington, D.C.Many Americans say t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hey would like to travel more. More than half of those questioned said they would like to get out more. Forty-nine percent reported being "creatures of habit." By that, they mean they generally do the same things in the same way. That would leave little time to visit local or national landmarks.The researchers fou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd that the main reasons keeping Americans from exploring their cities or the country were money, lack of time and a lack of good transportation.On social media ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), one Twitter user reacting to the study named a few reasons for not visiting famous places. The writer noted that “most of us don’t get paid days off, get punished for taking a day off, or simply can’t afford to visit anything or go anywhere anymore."The Twitter us ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er added, "Childcare costs more than College, College Loans costs more than a mortgage payment, and jobs don’t even pay for one of those things.”The study found ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that three of the places Americans wanted to visit were Grand Canyon National Park, Yellowstone National Park and the Statue of Liberty.The researchers als ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o found that, on average, Americans go to a new coffee shop every five months, and a new restaurant every four months. They also spent time at a lake or near the ocean once every six months, and go to a park every five months.V. TranslationDirections: Translat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.那个新发现的星球上是否有水还是一个迷。(remain)差异不是偶尔一回，而是日复一日形成的。(It)无论我们分别多久，有多少困难要克服，我们还是血浓于水的一家人。(No matter)采访发现，83%的人认为教师肩负着培养下一代的重任，是提高全民文化素质的重要因素，值得尊敬。(worth) 2020学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷答案I. Listening Comprehension Section A 1-5 AAADB 6-10 AACDB 10分Section B11-13 BAB 14-16 CBD 17-20 ADBD 15分II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A21. which 22. coul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d/can 23. discovered 24. promoting 25. to share 26. was established 27. Although/Whi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le/Though 28. has guided 29. them/their 30. despite/whatever 10分Section B 31-35 GAJDK 36- 40 CHIFB 10分III. Reading ComprehensionSection A41-45 BDCAB 46-50 DBDCA 51-55 BACBD 15分Section B56-58 ACC 59-62 BCAD 63-66 B A C A 22分Section C67-70 CFDA 8分IV. Summary WritingA study shows ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that many Americans have never been to some well-known places of interest. While many Americans do have the intention to get out more, lack of money, time and good transportation stopped them from exploring their country, even their own cities. Some other people are just used to their current life and not eager to have further exploration. 10分V. TranslationWhether there is wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter on that newly discovered planet still remains a mystery. 3分
Whether there exists water on the newly-discovered planet still remains a mystery. /It still remains a mystery whether there exists water on the newly-discovered planet.The difference is not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) happening once in a while, but day after day. 3分
It is not what you do once in a while (occasionally) but what you do day in and day out (every day) that makes the difference.No matter how long w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e are apart and how many difficulties we have to overcome, we are still a family with blood thicker than water. 4分
No matter how long we have been parted and how much difficulties we are to go through, we are still family and blood is always thicker than water.The interview fou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd that 83% of the people think that teachers shoulder the responsibility of training the next generation, which is an important factor to improve the cultural quality of the whole people and is worth respect. 5分
(83% percent of those surveyed said that teachers should be held in high esteem because they have a great responsibility crucial to cultivating next generation and raising the intellectual level of people.)
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