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备战2022年上海高考英语二轮复习精品讲义第18讲 一轮综合复习（三） 教师版
教学内容
进门小练笔Unit Three A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ttributive ClauseTranslation据说他们之间的冲突已经造成了不信任，这种不信任有可能会瓦解他们彼此的合作关系。(dissolve)The conflict b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )etween them is said to have led to mistrust, which is likely to dissolve their partnership.The conflict ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )between them is said to have led to mistrust, which may well dissolve their partnership. 我父亲小时候生活在一个没有电视和收音机的小村庄，这孤立的小村庄培养了他对阅读的喜爱。（isolation）When my fath ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er was young, he lived in a small village with no TV or radio, the isolation of which caused him to develop a love of reading. 这家慈善机构向买不起食物的人提供免费食物（this charity）This charity provid ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es free food for people who can’t afford to buy it. 许多英语单词起源于拉丁文，这对我们大家来说并不陌生。（Latin origin）Many English words are of Latin origin, which is not new to use all. 暴力的电脑游戏损害了许多轻人的心灵，我相信这不久便会成为政府的关注点。（concern）Violent computer gam ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es have polluted many young minders, which I believe will soon become the concern of the government.课堂导入时代周刊 | 缩减警力举步维艰 伦敦谋杀率飙升London's murder rat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e spikes as police struggle with declining resources警察缩减资源举步维艰， 伦敦谋杀率飙升More than 50 p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople have been killed in London since the start of , with stabbing being the main cause of death.自初以来，伦敦已有50多人被杀，主要死因为刺死。For the firs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t time in modern history, the city's murder rate in the months of February and March exceeded that of New York City, which has a similar population.今2月到3月，自现代史以来，伦敦的谋杀率首次超过了与其人口相当的纽约。Murder rates in London ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) had been experiencing a steady decline until 2015, when 25 more people were killed than had been during the previous year.2015前，伦敦的谋杀率一直在稳步下降，但2015的死亡人数比前一又增加了25人。Since then, wave ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s of murders and knife attacks—including six separate stabbings, one with a 13-year-old victim, during a 90-minute period on April 5—have continued to alarm the British capital.从那以后，一起接一起的谋杀和持刀伤人案——4 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )月5日90分钟的时间里就连续发生了6起捅人事件，其中一起的受害者中还有一名13岁的少——就不断地给英国的这座首都城市敲响了警钟。In London, you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng men from minority communities have been disproportionately affected.而影响最为严重的又数少数群体中的轻人。Central London was br ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ought to a standstill on April 7 as thousands of young Brits gathered to protest the epidemic of violence.4月7日，英国数千名轻人聚集在伦敦市中心，抗议暴力泛滥，以致于伦敦市中心陷入了瘫痪。As the hashtags #Bi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )keStormz and #BikesUpKnivesDown trended on Twitter, the demonstrators made a stand against knife crime while fighting the stereotype of “dangerous bike-riding gangs.”“BikeStormz”和“BikesUpK ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nivesDown”这两个标签在推特上逐渐壮大，示威者们也忙着一边反抗“危险的骑自行车团伙”这一成见，一边抗争持刀犯罪行为。Meanwhile, sin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce the center-right Conservative Party came to power in 2015, the number of police officers has fallen by more than 20,000, and a leaked document from February suggested that government cuts had “likely contributed” to the rise in serious violent crime.与此同时，自2015中右翼保守党执政 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )以来，伦敦的警力已经缩减了2万余人，2月份泄露的一份文件显示，政府削减警力的举措“可能”助长了严重暴力犯罪案件的上升。London Mayor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Sadiq Khan described the cuts as “not sustainable” for the city.伦敦市长萨迪克·汗称，削减警力在伦敦“并非长久之计”。Social media have also been blamed for glamorizing criminality.社交媒体也被指责存在美化犯罪行为的问题。London's Metro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )politan Police has deployed 300 additional officers to the areas most affected by the attacks.伦敦警察厅已经向受危害最严重的地区增派了300名警力。Some politici ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ans have advocated for an increased use of stop-and-search powers; others say those tactics damage trust in the police.一些政治家主张提高警察盘查的权力；其他人则表示，这些策略会有损人们对警方的信任。And on April 9, the go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vernment unveiled a $57 million “Serious Violence” strategy, which will focus on early intervention, tougher law enforcement and a crackdown on city gangs delivering heroin and crack cocaine to rural towns.4月9日，政府公布了一项5700 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )万美元的“严重暴力”应对战略，该计划将关注重点放在了早期干预、更严厉的执法以及打击向农村城镇运送海洛因和强效可卡因的城市犯罪团伙等方面。It did not mention the decline in police resources.但没有提到警察资源的减少。(全文共326个词)精讲精练(知识点一：词汇、短语积累)科技类尖端的技术 cutting-edge technology科技发展 technological advances/ technological progressions科技创新 technological innovations科技突破 technological breakthroughs科技发明 technological inventions 提高效率 augment (or enhance/ boost) efficiency提高生产效率 augment (or enhance/ boost) productivity减少人力的机器 labour-saving machinery取代人力的机器 labour-replacing machinery自动化（的） automation (n.)/ automated (adj.)生产，制造 produce (vt.)/ manufacture (vt.)让人类从繁重的体力劳动中解放出来liberate humans from heavy manual labour大规模生产 mass-produce (vt.) sth./ mass production (n.)（新技术）被广泛普及 be widely used/ be popularised协助 assist someone with sth. 能够很方便地被使用 be readily available 互联网的广泛使用 the ext ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ensive use of the Internet/ the proliferation of the Internet信息爆炸 information explosion/ information overload信息时代 the information age/ the information era虚拟的世界 visual world 网络社区 online community脱离现实 be detached from reality/ be disconnected from reality信息高速公路 information highway (有时用它替换 the Internet)远程教育 distance learning可以自己控制进度的学习 self-pacing learning网络诈骗 online fraud转基因技术 genetic engineering/ genetic modification转基因食品 genetically-modified food便于携带的 portable (adj.)/ compact (adj.)远程通信 telecommunications实时的信息交流 real-time communication/ instant messaging 人工智能 artificial intelligence/ AI云计算 cloud computing太空探索 space exploration/ space probe载人航天技术 manned space mission(知识点二：写作、翻译基本句型积累)随着智能手机的普及,越来越多的手机应用软件（App）也进入了人们的生活，请你谈谈你印象最深的一款手机应用软件并谈谈你的看法。 1. 这款App的功能； 2. 它给人们生活带来的影响； 3. 你对此款App的看法。学生习作1Nowadays, more a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd more applications have appeared in people’s life. One of the most impressive apps for me is the Micro blog. Here are my opinions.Micro blogs offer us a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) platform to chat with each other and know the latest news of the world. What’s more, you can search the topic you are interested in on Micro blogs.Micro blogs ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve made a great difference to people’s life. In the past, you should turn to television or newspapers to learn news or communicate with others. However, with Micro blogs, it’s convenient for everyone to have access to get what he wants rapidly.As far as I am concer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ned, Micro blogs bring various fun to me and help me gain a clear vision of this complex and colorful world. They also contribute to promoting my interpersonal relationships.All in all, Micr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o blogs have benefited us a lot from and are worth using and valuing.点评：该生作文结构清晰，紧 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )扣主题，所运用的词汇和语法结构合理准确，是一篇合格的高考作文。内容上，第一段引出要描述“应用程序”后，围绕题目所要求的“功能、影响和看法”三个方面分段展开论述；语言上，学生用到了have access to、 gain a clear vision、turn to等较好的词组，略显不足的在于段落的过渡和连接方面缺乏呼应。因此，按照高考评分标准可以予以7+7+3=17左右的评分。学生习作2With the sma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rtphones increasingly popularity, various Apps have pervaded people’s lives, gradually leading us to a different lifestyle. Among all the apps, I am deeply impressed by WeChat, which I think is quite popular among thousands of people.WeChat is a kind o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f social network, allowing people to chat whenever they want to and post photos wherever they are as long as they have access to WiFi. Therefore, users are able to be informed of almost all the information without stepping out of their houses and to reach their friends within a few seconds.However, as the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )old saying goes, “Every sword has two edges” and WeChat is not an exception. It is the numerous amounts of information that confuses people and makes people fail to determine what is true. To make the matter worse, some people are so obsessed with it that they sacrifice their precious time for keeping company with their families.As for me, I mai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntain that we’d better use it in moderation instead of being addicted to it. It shouldn’t replace our traditional way to communicate with each other. For what has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )been mentioned above, WeChat is created for a good reason and it is meant to improve our lives, so we should hold a positive attitude towards it and not let it jeopardize our lives. 点评：该生作文围绕题目要求展开 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，内容丰富，辞藻华丽，思路明确同时体现了较高的思辨性和对语言超高的驾驭能力。在内容结构方面，考生首先从正面论述了“微信”的功能和对生活产生的积极影响，随后利用“凡事都有两面性微信也不例外”切入到它带来的潜在危害并呼吁我们合理使用现代软件，自然而流畅。语言方面更是不乏亮点，无论是popularity、 pervade、jeopardize这样的高级词汇，还是leading us to、 without stepping out、 be no exception、be obsessed with等丰富的非谓语结构，都使整篇文章锦上添花。因此，我们可以给予8+9+4=21左右的高分(知识点三：阅读拓展)（A）1. Which one ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the following statements is NOT true of the common characteristics of Tesla and Aptera 2. The petrol-electric ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) hybrid version of Aptera is different from its other versions in that_____3. The word “protub ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erance” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means_____4. Firms such as Apter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a are growing up because of the following reasons except_____5. Towards to th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e future of the electric cars, the author’s attitude can be said to be _____Aptera is cert ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ainly not the sort of name an old-school car maker would give to its newest creation. Biologists will recognize it as the term for scuttling wingless insects—silverfish and suchlike. But Steve Fambro, the boss of the eponymous Californian company that plans to make and sell electric vehicles under this name, hopes they will soon be swarming over the state's highways.
Unlike Tesla, another boutique electric-vehicle maker from the Golden State, Aptera is aiming for the bottom end of the market. A Tesla sports car will set you back $98,000 (or it would if you could get your hands on one: Tesla has delayed shipment of its first 50 cars until next year). An Aptera, by contrast, starts at $26,900, and should be available this time next year. And instead of a Ferrari knock-off, you get a space-age tricycle. But Aptera and Tesla have things in common. They are both small. They were both started by people with no experience in the motor industry. And they are both aiming to start by roping in the eco-fashionists of California, and then work outwards to the mainstream.The name Aptera ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was chosen because the vehicle resembles a small, wingless aircraft. Its three-wheel design exempts it from onerous federal testing regulations. The outer shell is made of a carbon-fiber opposite, rather than metal. The lines are wind-tunnel aerodynamic. And protuberances are kept to a minimum. Wing mirrors, for example, are replaced by a rear-facing camera with a 180° field of view and the exhaust valves are recessed to minimize turbulence. In the pure plug-in version, those valves are for waste heat from the electronics. There is also a petrol-electric hybrid, with a single-cylinder generator that extends the range from 200km to 1,130km. Top speed is 150kph.One reason for th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e emergence of firms such as Aptera is that designing a new vehicle has become as much an exercise in software simulation as in metal (or even carbon-fibre) bashing. That enables the firm's engineers to do extensive development work—even things like crash-testing—on a computer. This is much cheaper than building endless prototypes and driving lots of them into walls. Another reason is the widespread availability of previously specialised components such as lithium-ion batteries. That means that an upstart such as Aptera can focus on the electronic brains of the vehicle and its final assembly, rather than having to make everything from scratch. It can thus, it believes, turn a profit without having to produce large volumes.Automotive hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )story is littered with failed attempts to build electric cars, and sceptics might think the latest batch will be no different. That there is a fashion for such vehicles, though, is hard to deny. Besides Aptera and Tesla—which are, in their different ways, the most conspicuous examples—Venture Vehicles of Los Angeles is proposing an electric version of the Dutch Carver three-wheeled motorbike, while Phoenix Motorcars of Ontario, California, has produced a sports-utility truck. Meanwhile, REVA, an Indian firm, and Think Global, a Norwegian one, are making two-door hatchbacks. Indeed, according to the Venture Capital Journal, about $220m has been invested in such small firms over the past year and a half.1. Which one ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the following statements is NOT true of the common characteristics of Tesla and Aptera
[A] Both of them are environmental friendly.
[B] Both of them are from small companies of California and then expand outwards.
[C] Both of them are originated from the marginal status of the industry.
[D] Both of them are created by green hands of automobile business. 2. The petrol- ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )electric hybrid version of Aptera is different from its other versions in that_____
[A] Top speed of the hybrid is higher than than of the other versions.
[B] The hybrid possesses a stronger capacity of long-distance drive with rapid speed.
[C] The hybrid has a special generator that is characterized by a sole cylinder.
[D] The hybrid generate more turbulence than the other versions.3.The word “pro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tuberance” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means_____
[A] protrusion.
[B] accessory.
[C] adjunct.
[D] impetus.4. Firms such as Apt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )era are growing up because of the following reasons except_____
[A] Technologies of metal bashing simulation are well developed.
[B] The cost of making cars is greatly reduced.
[C] Some specialized parts are available to them.
[D] Large venture investment is devoted to such business.5. Towards to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the future of the electric cars, the author’s attitude can be said to be _____
[A] optimistic.
[B] lukewarm.
[C] wait-and-see.
[D] enthusiastic.
篇章剖析：
这篇文章讲述了一些新型汽车的情况。第一段讲述了Aptera在推出其最新产品；三段讲述这一新产品的特点；第四段讲述Aptera公司目前的研发优势；第五段讲述许多公司现在都开始进军该领域。
词汇注释：
scuttle v. 仓皇奔逃；匆匆跑走eponymous adj. 齐名的
swarm v. 挤满tricycle n. 三轮车
onerous adj. 麻烦的 aerodynamic adj. 空气动力的
protuberance n. 凸起 valve n. 阀门
lithium n. 锂 litter v. 乱丢，弄乱
hatchback n. 有仓门式后背的车
难句突破：
(1) But Stev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e Fambro, the boss of the eponymous Californian company that plans to make and sell electric vehicles under this name, hopes they will soon be swarming over the state's highways.[主体句式] But Stev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e Fambro hopes …
[结构分析] 这是一个复合句，the boss of…是做主语的同位语；该同位语中that引导的是定语从句，用来修饰company。
[句子译文] 但是计划用这个名字来制造并销售电动汽车的齐名的加利福尼亚公司老总Steve Fambro希望它们很快就能挤满加州的高速公路。
(2) Besides Aptera and Tesla—which are, in their different ways, the most conspicuous examples—Venture Vehicles of Los Angeles is proposing an electric version of the Dutch Carver three-wheeled motorbike, while Phoenix Motorcars of Ontario, California, has produced a sports-utility truck.
[主体句式] Besides Aptera and Tesla, Venture Vehicles …is proposing… while…
[结构分析] 这是一个复合句。while引导的是句子的伴随状语。
[句子译文] 除了Aptera和Tesla这两个最有名的例子，洛杉矶的冒险汽车公司也在计划制造德国Carver三轮摩托车式的电动车，而加州安大略的凤凰汽车公司已经制造了一种运动型载重卡车。Keys:
1. [答案] B
[难度系数] ☆☆☆[分析] 细节题。第一段中提到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了它们之间的共同点有三个”But Aptera and Tesla have things in common. They are both small. They were both started by people with no experience in the motor industry. And they are both aiming to start by roping in the eco-fashionistas of California, and then work outwards to the mainstream”，体积小，创始人都是该行业的新手，环保；而且这两个公司都是小公司，后来渐渐向主流发展，可见原先是出于行业的边缘。选项中只有B不是共同点，因为不存在”expand outwards”。
2.[答案] B
[难度系数 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )] ☆☆☆
[分析] 细节题。根据第三段”There is also a petrol-electric hybrid, with a single-cylinder generator that extends the range from 200km to 1,130km. Top speed is 150kph”，可见混合版本可以将行程延长200到1130公里，这就是区别之处，因此答案为B选项。A、D选项都不是混合版的特征。C选项的表述虽然符合混合版的特征，但是却不是它区别于其他版本车的主要原因。
3.[答案] A
[难度系数] ☆
[ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )分析] 猜词题。根据第三段”And protuberances are kept to a minimum. Wing mirrors, for example, are replaced by a rear-facing camera with a 180° field of view and the exhaust valves are recessed to minimize turbulence”，讲述该特征时举的例子——比如风镜由180度视角的朝后的摄像机代替，可以看出主要为了避免有突出的部分。选项中A最为符合。
4. [答案] D
[难度系数] ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )☆☆☆
[分析] 细节题。根据第四段。这样的公司能成长起来是因为模拟演习已经发展起来，这样就可以节约试验成本；先前那些专门的配件随处都可以买到；选项中，A、C选项是正确的，B选项是A、C选项的结果；D选项在文章没有提到。因此，答案为D选项。
5. [答案] A
[难度系数] ☆☆☆
[分析] 态度题。根据最后一段，都是一些成功的案例，因此，作者对电气汽车的未来的态度是乐观的，因此正确答案为A选项。D选项有一定的干扰性，但是从文中可以看出作者的语气一直比较平淡客观，虽然持支持的态度但是没有表现出”热心”的层面，该选项过于夸张，因而是错误的。参考译文：
1. Aptera ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 肯定不是传统汽车制造商会给新产品起的名字。生物学家会认为这是一种行色匆匆走路的无翼昆虫的名字，比如蠹虫等。但是计划用这个名字来制造并销售电动汽车的加利福尼亚公司老总Steve Fambro希望这种车很快就能挤满加州的高速公路。 2. Tesla 是金色之州（加 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )州）的另一家流行电动汽车制造商，但Aptera与前者不同，其目标是低端市场。一辆Tesla运动跑车得花九万八千美元（或者说你如果能亲自开上一辆就得花这么多钱，因为Tesla第一批的50辆车推迟到明才能到货）。而一辆Aptera起步价仅为两万六千九百美元，而且明的这个时候应该就可以提货了。你拿到的并不是法拉利的缩版，而是太空时代的三轮车。但是Aptera和Tesla也有相似之处，两种车体积都很小，两家创始人都是这个行业的新手，目标都是要从环保理念盛行的加州起步，然后再逐渐扩展到主流市场。 3. 起Aptera这个名字是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )因为这种汽车像小小的无翼飞机。三轮的造型使其免受繁琐的联邦检测法规的约束。车的外壳是碳类合成物，而不是金属。其设计为风道空气动力，且尽可能避免凸出部分，比如风镜由180度视角的向后摄像机代替，排气阀凹进去从而将气流减到最小。在插入式车型中，这些阀门是用来为电器散发出来的废热而设计的。还有一种汽油和电力混合汽车，只有一个气缸加速器，可以将行程延长200到1130公里，最高时速为150公里/小时。4. 像Aptera这样的公司之所以能够兴起 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，其中一个原因就是设计新型汽车的软件模拟演习几乎能与金属（甚至碳材料）撞击演习相媲美。这就使得公司的工程师可以在电脑上进行大量的研发工作，甚至是碰撞试验，要比制造无数个汽车模型再撞墙测试廉价得多。另外一个原因就是随着先前那些专门供应的部件、比如锂电池已随处可得，这意味着像Aptera这样的新秀可以将精力集中于汽车的电子脑和最终的装配上，而不是所有的东西都得从头来过。它相信这样一来，不用很大的制造量就可以获利了。5. 在汽车制造历史上有许多制造电 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动汽车失败的故事，一些怀疑论者可能认为这批最新汽车也差不多。但是现在制造这种汽车的风气正盛，这是无法否认的。除了Aptera和Tesla这两个最有名的例子，洛杉矶的冒险汽车公司也在计划制造德国Carver三轮摩托车式的电动车，而加州安大略的凤凰汽车公司已经制造了一种运动型载重卡车。同时，印度REVA公司和挪威的思想全球公司也在制造双门有仓门式后背的汽车。据《风险资本期刊》称，过去的一半中有大约两亿两千万美元注入到了这样的小公司中。（B） Recordings ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says. Beehives (蜂窝)-either recorded or real-may even prevent elephants from damaging farmer's crops. In 2002, sc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them. Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops. But before she asked farmer to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away. Lucy found a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life. Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down. Next，Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a close to each family. From a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )distance, Lucy switched on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera. Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds. Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees. Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them. When Lucy Played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families, the animals were undisturbed. Even after four minutes, most of the groups stayed in one place. Lucy is now ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times. She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know, but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers. She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.We know from the pa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ssage that elephants may he frightened of __________. A. loud noises B. some crops C. video cameras D. angry beesAs mentioned in the passage, Lucy __________. A. works by herself in Africa B. needs to test more elephant groups C. has stopped elephants eating crops D. has got farmers to set up beehives on their farms62. Why did Lucy throw a stone into a wild beehive A. To record the sound of bees. B. To make a video of elephants. C. To see if elephants would run away. D. To find out more about the behavior of bees.63. Which of the following is true according to the passage A. Young elephants ignore African honeybees. B. Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place. C. Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them. D. Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields.【文章大意】本文讲述了非洲大陆的大象十分害怕蜜蜂的声音，科学家Lucy King正在研究十分可以利用这个现象来保护庄稼不受大象的侵扰。60. 【答案】D 【试题解析】细节题。根据文章 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一句Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says.可知愤怒的蜜蜂的录音的声音足以让非洲大象都害怕地跑开。故D正确。61. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文章最后一段She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know, but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers.可知她需要还需要对更多的象群进行研究，以证明蜜蜂的声音对大象是有影响的。故B正确。62. 【答案】A 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段1, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2行Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life. Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down.他们找到一个蜂巢，放好录音机，然后扔一个石块击中蜂巢，让蜜蜂都飞起来寻找敌人。他们录下这个声音。可知他们扔石头是为了录下愤怒的蜜蜂的声音。故A正确。63. 【答案】C 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章倒数第二段F ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rom a distance, Lucy switched on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera. Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds. Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees.可知当她播放蜜蜂的声音的时候，大部分的大象都在10秒钟只能离开了，说明大象很害怕蜜蜂的声音。故C正确。【长难句解析】Recordings of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says.【翻译】一个新的研究说：愤怒的蜜蜂的录音足以让体型巨大的非洲大象都逃走。【分析】本句中的表语are enough ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to send big, tough African elephants running away中的不定式to send big, tough African elephants running away表示的是结果。句中有一个固定搭配send sb doing sth让某人做某事，doing是宾语补足语的成分。（C）Since the late 1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )800s, authorities have used fingerprints to identify individuals, especially in criminal investigations and other identification-based legal cases. But fingerprinting changed forever when England’s Sir Alec Jeffreys discovered a way of identifying individuals ___1___ (use) their DNA: DNA fingerprinting.All humans belon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g to the same species, ___2___ the majority of genetic information in people’s DNA is indistinguishable. ___3___ certain sections that give each individual unique characteristics vary astronomically from person to person. Discovering these sections in his laboratory ___4___ a September morning in 1984, Jeffreys immediately understood their potential, and DNA fingerprinting ___5___ (bear). Lawyers applied the discovery to legal cases almost immediately. The following spring, DNA fingerprinting resolved an immigration case ___6___ proving a young boy’s identity as a U.K. citizen. Then in 1986, DNA fingerprinting provided the evidence necessary to prove one man’s innocence and ___7___ man’s guilt in a murder case.___8___ then, t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his science has helped settle countless cases and investigations—establishing parent-child relationships, putting criminals in jail and freeing those wrongly ___9___ (accuse) of crimes. 10 doubt, DNA fingerprinting has forever revolutionized the way we identify people and fight crime.1. using 2. s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o 3. But 4. on 5. was born 6. by 7. another 8. Since 9. accused 10. Without（D）VocabularyA. boards B. lim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ited C. occasional D. necessity E. insisting F. associated G. tense H. interviewed I. drained J. envelops K. perfectionistsAviaphobia o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r fear of flying is believed to rank as the second most common fear, next to the fear of speaking in public. According to a recent statistical study in the United States, 44% of the Americans __1__ admitted some fear of flying. What is ironic is that this kind of uncontrolled fear is not only __2__ to those who have not yet had the experience of flying, but also known to bother people working in airlines, including stewards and stewardesses, and even business people for whom frequent air travel is a(n) __3__.What causes aviaphobi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a has troubled brilliant minds in the medical and psychological fields. Psychologists explain that fear of flying __4__ other fears—fear of heights, fear of closed-in places, and most importantly, the fear of dying. On top of that, there is the “vicarious factor”, which means one may have had a painful experience __5__ with flying that has caused the overpowering fear of air travel. What happened to John Smith, an executive with a computer company, is a case in point. In 1979, while he was on the runway at a Chicago airport, another plane blew up, killing 275 people. He witnessed the disaster with his own eyes, and since then, he has __6__ nightmares about the tragedy despite more than three decades. That experience has badly influenced him so that even up to now, whenever he __7__ a plane, he is caught in an uncontrolled feeling of pain.Actually, about a t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hird of aviaphobes are less afraid of dying in a crash than of losing control of themselves. They are afraid that it may be seen as a sign of weakness, and therefore may threaten their jobs and inter-personal relationships, or even cause their loss of respectability. This explains why overachievers and __8__ feel it a need to be in control always. Once they are on board, such kind of people will be too much alert. They sometimes spend their entire trip observing the flight attendants or the details of the small world surrounding them. Thus, they become sleepless and __9__ during their long flights, sometimes lasting for 10 hours or even longer. Consequently, they become physically exhausted and mentally __10__ before their flight is over.HBDJF CAKGI当堂检测GrammarLast August Susan and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )forty-two other students got wet and dirty while removing six tons of garbage (21)______ the river running across their city. They cleaned up the river as part of a weeklong environmental camp. Like one in three American rivers, this river (22)______ (pollute) so much that it's unsafe for swimming or fishing. Still, Susan, who has just completed her third summer camp on the river cleanup, sees a change in this river. “Since we started three years ago, the river is getting a lot (23)______ (clean),” she says. Environmental scientists praise the teenagers for removing garbage (24)______ can harm wild life. Water birds, for example, can die of plastic bottle rings and get (25)______ (cut) by tiny metals. Three years ago, when the cleanup started, garbage was everywhere. But this year the teenagers can row their boats fast. By the end of the six-hour cleanup, they (26)______ (remove) enough garbage to fill more than two large trucks. “(27)______ (see) what is left in the river makes people begin to care about environmental issues,” Susan says. She hopes (28)______ when others read that, she and her peers care enough (29)______ (clean) it up, maybe they would think twice (30)______ they throw garbage into the river.Vocabulary A. profits B. dona ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tions C. volunteers D. cause E. selling F. unwantedG. used H. donated I. disabled J. flooded K. appealI love charity s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hops and so do lots of other people in Britain because you find quite a few of them on every high street. The charity shop is a British institution, __31__ everything from clothes to electric goods, all at very good prices. You can get things you won’t find in the shops anymore. The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to a good __32__ and not into the pockets of profit-driven companies, and you are not damaging the planet, but finding a new home for __33__ goods.The first charity ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) shop was opened in 1947 by Oxfam. The famous charity’s __34__ to aid postwar Greece had been so successful it had been __35__ with donations. They decided to set up a shop to sell some of these __36__ to raise money for that appeal. Now there are over 7,000 charity shops in the UK. My favorite charity shop in my hometown is the Red Cross shop, where I always find children’s books, all 10 or 20 pence each.Most of the peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le working in the charity shops are __37__, although there is often a manager who gets paid. Over 90% of the goods in the charity shops are __38__ by the public. Every morning you see bags of unwanted items outside the front of shops, although they don’t encourage this, rather ask people to bring things in when the shop is open.The shops have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )very low running costs: all __39__ go to charity work. Charity shops raise more than ￡110 million a year, funding medical research, overseas aid, supporting sick and poor children, homeless and __40__ people, and much more. What better place to spend your money Cloze Planning a wedding ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is no less than planning a big show, an official summit, a conference or any other grand occasion. One has to __41__ everything—all the subtle areas. The ceremony once organized __42__ becomes the talk of the day. __43__ it is to be remembered that the organization and accomplishment of this idea takes much time than the __44__ itself. The engaged couple, especially the bride has nurtured her wedding dreams for long. Planning is imperative to transform her __45__ into reality. Planning your wedding carefully is the only way to realize the wishes and ideas of the couple and envision the event. There are many small things, when __46__ well will result in an organized wedding ceremony ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). To start one should know the exact date, day and venue of the event. It is very essential to make a(n) __47__ of things that need to be done. This also helps in prioritizing the activities that need to be done first. The main things which need a lot of __48__ is the actual wedding ceremony, the reception, the number of guests invited, the food and proper facilities which need to be provided to the guests, at the place where they will be staying. Keeping the guests __49__ is one of the major activities that the host family should take care of. Others are checklist for bride, groom, arrangement for bridal showers, cakes and bakers, music and entertainment, speeches and toasts, photography and videography, legal services, and transportation etc. How can one forget about the sweetest and the romantic part of your wedding—the honeymoon and travel Wedding planni ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng does not only __50__ the arrangements of a wedding but also on the budget. The planning should be done in correspondence with the __51__. Wedding planning is a huge responsibility. You need to list the various___52___ among your family members. It is very necessary to divide the responsibilities properly among the family members. To capture all the precious events it is important to hire experienced photographers. Wedding planning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can be a boring and stressful process __53__ if you do not plan well. Budget is also an important factor and you should allocate a certain amount to all the aspects you are going to book or purchase. __54__, you have an overall budget, out of which you allot a certain amount to book the venue, some amount for catering, some for flowers, cake, dresses, gifts, etc. Make sure you cover all the requirements of your wedding in your budget so that it would not exceed at the last moment. If you are planning t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o accept gifts, think over what you __55__ want. Especially if someone is hosting a bridal shower for you, make sure you specify the things you want in your registry. 41. A. take care ofB. worry aboutC. think aboutD. get rid of42. A. efficiently B. carefullyC. economically D. properly43. A. ThenB. ButC. SoD. And44. A. marriageB. planningC. ceremonyD. performance45. A. dreamsB. resolutionsC. arrangementsD. fantasies46. A. heldB. madeC. served D. planned47. A. bidB. listC. orderD. deal48. A. regulationB. organization C. attentionD. decision49. A. happyB. funny C. curious D. excited50. A. fixes on B. focus onC. depends onD. keeps on51. A. situationB. conditionC. incomeD. budgetA. tasksB. role-play’C. responsibilitiesD. cooperationA. especiallyB. usuallyC. partlyD. unfortunatelyA. By contrastB. After allC. To sum upD. For instanceA. uniquely B. exactlyC. fortunatelyD. effectively 21. from 22. is/has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) been polluted 23. cleaner 24. that/which 25. cut 26. had removed 27. Seeing 28. that 29. to clean 30. before31-40 EDFKJ BCHAI41-55 ADBCA DBCAB DCADB温故知新Attributive Clause6.上海是一座充满活力和机会的城市。（vitality and opportunities）Shanghai is a city which brims with vitality and opportunities.Shanghai is a city which is full of vitality and opportunities. 7.那支乐队的出色表演让所有人如醉如痴，这是我没想到的。（keep everyone on the edge of his seat）The band’s ou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tstanding performance kept everyone on the edge of his seat, which exceeded my expectation. 8.这壮观的焰火展是我见过的最好的。（spectacular）The spectacular firework show is the best I have every seen. 9.笑声心理治疗是一种心理疗法，它常被用来治疗癌症患者。（therapy）Laughter therapy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is a kind of psychological treatment which is often used to treat cancer patients.10.我们今天知道的有些故事是一代一代通过囗头传下来的。（word of mouth）Some of the st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ories we know today were passed down from generation to generation by word of mouth. Reading (A)Women’s basketb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )all began in the winter of 1892 at Smith College. Senda Berenson, an instructor at Smith, taught basketball to her students, hoping the activity would improve their physical health. Basketball's early supporters were affiliated with YMCAs (The Young Men’s Christian Association) and colleges throughout the United States, and the game quickly spread throughout the country.However, Bere ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nson was taking risks simply in teaching the game to women. She worried a little about the women suffering from “nervous fatigue” if games were too strenuous for them. And, in order to keep it “acceptable” for women to play at all, she taught modified rules. These included a court divided into three areas and nine players per team. Three players were assigned to each area (guard, center, forward) and could not cross the line into another area. The ball was moved from section to section by passing or dribbling. Players were limited to three dribbles and could hold the ball for three seconds. No snatching or batting the ball away from a player was allowed. A center jump was required after each score. Peach baskets and the soccer ball were the equipment. Variations of Berenson’s rules spread across the country via YMCAs and colleges. The first inter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )collegiate women’s basketball game was played between teams from Stanford University and the University of California, Berkeley, in 1896. The popularit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y of women’s basketball grew steadily around the world for decades. By the 1970s the sport had attracted the notice the International Olympic Committee, which added women’s basketball as an official sport of the Olympic Games in 1976.The Women’s World Cup ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was created by the International Basketball Federation (FIBA). It began in 1953, held in Chile, three years after the first men’s World Championship. For most of its early history, it was not held in the same year as the men’s championship. After the 1983 event, FIBA changed the scheduling so that the women’s tournament would be held in even-numbered non-Olympic years, a change that had come to the men’s tournament in 1970.Only four nations have won titles in the history of the Women’s World Cup. The United States ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) has won the title nine times, including six of the last eight. The Soviet Union ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) won six titles, including five in a row from 1959 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) to 1975 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). The only other countries to win have been Brazil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) in 1994 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) and Australia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) in 2006 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). 56. The underlined ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )words “strenuous” in paragraph 2 properly means ______.A. interesting B. tough C. comfortable D. strange 57. Why were the rule ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s for women’s basketball originally different from those of men’s basketball A. To make the game shorter. B. To make the game easier.C. To make the game more challenging. D. To make the game more interesting 58. According to th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e passage, which country has never won the FIBA women’s basketball championship A. The United States. B. Russia.C. Brazil. D. Austria.59. What is the main idea of the passage A. Women’s basketball is more challenging than men’s basketball.B. Women basketball player aren’t as good as male basketball players.C. America is the strongest country for women’ basketball so far.D. Women’s basketball is a serious sport with a long history.(B) As we speak, our f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )undraisers are singing, dancing, baking and bucket-shaking their way to helping beat cancer sooner—and we’d love for you to join the team! Our researcher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s are doing everything they can to make sure 3 in 4 people survive cancer by 2034, but we need the energy, creativity and motivation of our fundraising teams to make this possible.It’s easy to g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )et involved—all you need is a little time to spare and a passion for teamwork, making a difference in your community and beating cancer sooner.Not sure how to get ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) started Click on the link below, pinpoint your area and get a feel for the opportunities available on your doorstep right now. Find a role in your local area ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )Workplace Ambassador Volunteer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) Could you convince y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our colleagues to help beat cancer sooner We’re looking for someone passionate and well-connected to help promote and support our cause within workplaces across the country.Fundraising Group Volunteer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) Are you a team ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) player looking to inspire others and get involved in fundraising We’re looking for enthusiastic volunteers with good local knowledge to support fundraising groups or launch one of their own.Relay For life Fundraising Volunteer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) Are you a sociable ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and motivated individual with a passion and motivation to share There are loads of different ways you can join our fantastic Relay For Life team, just take a look here.Read more at: http://www.canc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erresearchuk.org/support-us/volunteer/help-us-raise-money#vgX7yxoRAmus3VsO.9960. The purpose of t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his fundraising is _____ according to this advertisement.A. helping the senior citizen B. helping the people who get cancer C. helping the children D. helping colleagues who lose the job61. The member of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the fundraising team need the following qualities EXCEPT ______. A. creativity B. team spirit C. motivation D. penny wise 62. If you are the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )person who likes to inspire others with rich local knowledge the best choice for you to work as a volunteer is ______. A. Relay For life Fundraising Volunteer B. Fundraising Group Volunteer C. Workplace Ambassador Volunteer D. Singing, dancing, baking Volunteer(C) When we perceive oth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er people, we seldom describe a person in cold and objective words. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly—perhaps with a two-second glance. We try to obtain info ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rmation about others in many ways. Social scientist Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed person’s behavior with the known others’ behavior; observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person’s responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person: questions, self-disclosures (自我表露), and so on. Getting to know ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won’t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent (前后不一致的) behavior. Ironically those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g., secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g., disclosure and truthful statements).63. The underlined ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )word “pinpoint” paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______. A. appreciate B. activate C. identify D. influence64. What can we learn from the first paragraph A. People like to be described in cold, objective words. B. It is impossible to get inside of a person. C. It is difficult to describe a person in words. D. Getting to know a person is usually no easy job.65. It can be inferred from Berger’s suggestions that ______. A. people do not reveal their true self on every occasion B. the best way to know a person is by making comparisons C. in most case ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s we should avoid contacting the observed person directly D. face-to-face in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )teraction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person66. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is to ______. A. discuss the various aspects of getting to know people B. provide ways of how to obtain information about people C. warn readers of the negative side of people’s characters D. give advice on appropriate behaviors for social occasionsSection C (每题2分，共8分)A. If you want your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )film review to be well written, you should follow these simple steps. B. Your writing is intended to be persuasive. C. It is absolutely not an easy job. D. Discuss some specific elements in the review. E. Ask them to help you with the film review. F. Make sure that you have a thesis and supporting argumentsWriting a film rev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iew needs your patience to watch a film with a critical eye, recognize all the information about it and then write a detailed film review. ____67____ A good review is not just a summary of a movie, but a critical analysis that examines why and how a movie works and whether the film succeeds in its presentation.When writing a film ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) review, always consider who the intended audience is for the film and the audience you are writing for. ____68____ Additionally, it should show clearly that you not only viewed the movie, but also read the novel or play which formed the basis of the movie. You should focus your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )review around a large argument, such as why the film works or fails to work and what are both the successful and unsuccessful elements. ____69____ A good film review uses scenes and dialogue from the film to support its larger argument. Moreover, a good review focuses on whether and how a movie works and whether the reviewer recommends it. Finally, a good reviewer shows how a movie works psychologically, emotionally, intellectually and even spiritually. ____70____ Watch a film with a critical eye. Always include information on the director, main characters, the historical period used in this film, editing and camera work. Write an outline and a thesis statement for your film review. Be creative and hardworking so that you can have chances of a good grade.1. 由于天气原因，飞机晚点了。(due)2. 那场慈善音乐会据说是那位慷慨大方的老板资助的。(finance)3. 把青少完全限制在学校里不利于他们将来尽快适应真实社会。(It)4. 在非洲大片地区饱受饥荒威胁时，志愿者们正努力为饥荒赈济筹款。(famine)56-59 BBDD 60-62 BDB 63-66 CDCA 67-70 CBFA1. The flight was delayed due to bad weather.2. The charity conce ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rt is said to be financed by the generous businessman.3. It is not goo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d for adolescents’ adaptation to real society if they are completely confined to school.4. When a large part of Africa was facing a famine, the volunteers worked hard to raise money for famine relief.
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进门小练笔Unit Three Attributive ClauseTranslation据说他们之间的冲突已经造成了不信任，这种不信任有可能会瓦解他们彼此的合作关系。(dissolve)我父亲小时候生活在一个没有电视和收音机的小村庄，这孤立的小村庄培养了他对阅读的喜爱。（isolation） 这家慈善机构向买不起食物的人提供免费食物（this charity）许多英语单词起源于拉丁文，这对我们大家来说并不陌生。（Latin origin）暴力的电脑游戏损害了许多轻人的心灵，我相信这不久便会成为政府的关注点。（concern）课堂导入 时代周刊 | 缩减警力举步维艰 伦敦谋杀率飙升London's murder rate ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )spikes as police struggle with declining resourcesMore than 50 people ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve been killed in London since the start of , with stabbing being the main cause of death.For the first time in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) modern history, the city's murder rate in the months of February and March exceeded that of New York City, which has a similar population.Murder rates ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in London had been experiencing a steady decline until 2015, when 25 more people were killed than had been during the previous year.Since then, wave ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s of murders and knife attacks—including six separate stabbings, one with a 13-year-old victim, during a 90-minute period on April 5—have continued to alarm the British capital.In London, young ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) men from minority communities have been disproportionately affected.Central Londo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n was brought to a standstill on April 7 as thousands of young Brits gathered to protest the epidemic of violence.As the hashtags #Bik ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eStormz and #BikesUpKnivesDown trended on Twitter, the demonstrators made a stand against knife crime while fighting the stereotype of “dangerous bike-riding gangs.”“BikeStormz”和“BikesUpKnivesDown”Meanwhile, since the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) center-right Conservative Party came to power in 2015, the number of police officers has fallen by more than 20,000, and a leaked document from February suggested that government cuts had “likely contributed” to the rise in serious violent crime.London Mayor Sadiq Kh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an described the cuts as “not sustainable” for the city.Social media have also been blamed for glamorizing criminality.London's Metropol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )itan Police has deployed 300 additional officers to the areas most affected by the attacks.Some politicians ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve advocated for an increased use of stop-and-search powers; others say those tactics damage trust in the police.And on April 9, the go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vernment unveiled a $57 million “Serious Violence” strategy, which will focus on early intervention, tougher law enforcement and a crackdown on city gangs delivering heroin and crack cocaine to rural towns.It did not mention the decline in police resources.精讲精练(知识点一：词汇、短语积累)科技类尖端的技术 cutting-edge technology科技发展 technological advances/ technological progressions科技创新 technological innovations科技突破 technological breakthroughs科技发明 technological inventions 提高效率 augment (or enhance/ boost) efficiency提高生产效率 augment (or enhance/ boost) productivity减少人力的机器 labour-saving machinery取代人力的机器 labour-replacing machinery自动化（的） automation (n.)/ automated (adj.)生产，制造 produce (vt.)/ manufacture (vt.)让人类从繁重的体力劳动中解放出来liberate humans from heavy manual labour大规模生产 mass-produce (vt.) sth./ mass production (n.)（新技术）被广泛普及 be widely used/ be popularised协助 assist someone with sth. 能够很方便地被使用 be readily available 互联网的广泛使用 the exten ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sive use of the Internet/ the proliferation of the Internet信息爆炸 information explosion/ information overload信息时代 the information age/ the information era虚拟的世界 visual world 网络社区 online community脱离现实 be detached from reality/ be disconnected from reality信息高速公路 information highway (有时用它替换 the Internet)远程教育 distance learning可以自己控制进度的学习 self-pacing learning网络诈骗 online fraud转基因技术 genetic engineering/ genetic modification转基因食品 genetically-modified food便于携带的 portable (adj.)/ compact (adj.)远程通信 telecommunications实时的信息交流 real-time communication/ instant messaging 人工智能 artificial intelligence/ AI云计算 cloud computing太空探索 space exploration/ space probe载人航天技术 manned space mission(知识点二：写作、翻译基本句型积累)随着智能手机的普及,越来越多的手机应用软件（App）也进入了人们的生活，请你谈谈你印象最深的一款手机应用软件并谈谈你的看法。 1. 这款App的功能； 2. 它给人们生活带来的影响； 3. 你对此款App的看法。学生习作1Nowadays, mor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e and more applications have appeared in people’s life. One of the most impressive apps for me is the Micro blog. Here are my opinions.Micro blogs offer u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s a platform to chat with each other and know the latest news of the world. What’s more, you can search the topic you are interested in on Micro blogs.Micro blogs have made ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a great difference to people’s life. In the past, you should turn to television or newspapers to learn news or communicate with others. However, with Micro blogs, it’s convenient for everyone to have access to get what he wants rapidly.As far as I am ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) concerned, Micro blogs bring various fun to me and help me gain a clear vision of this complex and colorful world. They also contribute to promoting my interpersonal relationships.All in all, Micro b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )logs have benefited us a lot from and are worth using and valuing.学生习作2With the smartphones ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )increasingly popularity, various Apps have pervaded people’s lives, gradually leading us to a different lifestyle. Among all the apps, I am deeply impressed by WeChat, which I think is quite popular among thousands of people.WeChat is a kind o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f social network, allowing people to chat whenever they want to and post photos wherever they are as long as they have access to WiFi. Therefore, users are able to be informed of almost all the information without stepping out of their houses and to reach their friends within a few seconds.However, as the old sa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ying goes, “Every sword has two edges” and WeChat is not an exception. It is the numerous amounts of information that confuses people and makes people fail to determine what is true. To make the matter worse, some people are so obsessed with it that they sacrifice their precious time for keeping company with their families.As for me, I maintain ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that we’d better use it in moderation instead of being addicted to it. It shouldn’t replace our traditional way to communicate with each other. For what has been men ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tioned above, WeChat is created for a good reason and it is meant to improve our lives, so we should hold a positive attitude towards it and not let it jeopardize our lives. (知识点三：阅读拓展)（A）1. Which one ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the following statements is NOT true of the common characteristics of Tesla and Aptera 2. The petrol-elec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tric hybrid version of Aptera is different from its other versions in that_____3. The word “pro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tuberance” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means_____4. Firms such a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s Aptera are growing up because of the following reasons except_____5. Towards to th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e future of the electric cars, the author’s attitude can be said to be _____Aptera is cert ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ainly not the sort of name an old-school car maker would give to its newest creation. Biologists will recognize it as the term for scuttling wingless insects—silverfish and suchlike. But Steve Fambro, the boss of the eponymous Californian company that plans to make and sell electric vehicles under this name, hopes they will soon be swarming over the state's highways.
Unlike Tesla, another boutique electric-vehicle maker from the Golden State, Aptera is aiming for the bottom end of the market. A Tesla sports car will set you back $98,000 (or it would if you could get your hands on one: Tesla has delayed shipment of its first 50 cars until next year). An Aptera, by contrast, starts at $26,900, and should be available this time next year. And instead of a Ferrari knock-off, you get a space-age tricycle. But Aptera and Tesla have things in common. They are both small. They were both started by people with no experience in the motor industry. And they are both aiming to start by roping in the eco-fashionists of California, and then work outwards to the mainstream.The name Aptera ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was chosen because the vehicle resembles a small, wingless aircraft. Its three-wheel design exempts it from onerous federal testing regulations. The outer shell is made of a carbon-fiber opposite, rather than metal. The lines are wind-tunnel aerodynamic. And protuberances are kept to a minimum. Wing mirrors, for example, are replaced by a rear-facing camera with a 180° field of view and the exhaust valves are recessed to minimize turbulence. In the pure plug-in version, those valves are for waste heat from the electronics. There is also a petrol-electric hybrid, with a single-cylinder generator that extends the range from 200km to 1,130km. Top speed is 150kph.One reason for t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he emergence of firms such as Aptera is that designing a new vehicle has become as much an exercise in software simulation as in metal (or even carbon-fibre) bashing. That enables the firm's engineers to do extensive development work—even things like crash-testing—on a computer. This is much cheaper than building endless prototypes and driving lots of them into walls. Another reason is the widespread availability of previously specialised components such as lithium-ion batteries. That means that an upstart such as Aptera can focus on the electronic brains of the vehicle and its final assembly, rather than having to make everything from scratch. It can thus, it believes, turn a profit without having to produce large volumes.Automotive hist ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ory is littered with failed attempts to build electric cars, and sceptics might think the latest batch will be no different. That there is a fashion for such vehicles, though, is hard to deny. Besides Aptera and Tesla—which are, in their different ways, the most conspicuous examples—Venture Vehicles of Los Angeles is proposing an electric version of the Dutch Carver three-wheeled motorbike, while Phoenix Motorcars of Ontario, California, has produced a sports-utility truck. Meanwhile, REVA, an Indian firm, and Think Global, a Norwegian one, are making two-door hatchbacks. Indeed, according to the Venture Capital Journal, about $220m has been invested in such small firms over the past year and a half.1. Which one ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the following statements is NOT true of the common characteristics of Tesla and Aptera
[A] Both of them are environmental friendly.
[B] Both of them are from small companies of California and then expand outwards.
[C] Both of them are originated from the marginal status of the industry.
[D] Both of them are created by green hands of automobile business. 2. The petrol- ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )electric hybrid version of Aptera is different from its other versions in that_____
[A] Top speed of the hybrid is higher than than of the other versions.
[B] The hybrid possesses a stronger capacity of long-distance drive with rapid speed.
[C] The hybrid has a special generator that is characterized by a sole cylinder.
[D] The hybrid generate more turbulence than the other versions.3.The word “protubera ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means_____
[A] protrusion.
[B] accessory.
[C] adjunct.
[D] impetus.4. Firms such a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s Aptera are growing up because of the following reasons except_____
[A] Technologies of metal bashing simulation are well developed.
[B] The cost of making cars is greatly reduced.
[C] Some specialized parts are available to them.
[D] Large venture investment is devoted to such business.5. Towards to the fu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ture of the electric cars, the author’s attitude can be said to be _____
[A] optimistic.
[B] lukewarm.
[C] wait-and-see.
[D] enthusiastic.
词汇注释：
scuttle v. 仓皇奔逃；匆匆跑走eponymous adj. 齐名的
swarm v. 挤满tricycle n. 三轮车
onerous adj. 麻烦的 aerodynamic adj. 空气动力的
protuberance n. 凸起 valve n. 阀门
lithium n. 锂 litter v. 乱丢，弄乱
hatchback n. 有仓门式后背的车
难句突破：
(1) But Ste ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve Fambro, the boss of the eponymous Californian company that plans to make and sell electric vehicles under this name, hopes they will soon be swarming over the state's highways.
(2) Besides ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Aptera and Tesla—which are, in their different ways, the most conspicuous examples—Venture Vehicles of Los Angeles is proposing an electric version of the Dutch Carver three-wheeled motorbike, while Phoenix Motorcars of Ontario, California, has produced a sports-utility truck.
（B） Recordings of an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says. Beehives (蜂窝)-either recorded or real-may even prevent elephants from damaging farmer's crops. In 2002, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them. Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops. But before she asked farmer to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away. Lucy found a w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life. Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down. Next，Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a close to each family. From a dista ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce, Lucy switched on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera. Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds. Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees. Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them. When Lucy Played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families, the animals were undisturbed. Even after four minutes, most of the groups stayed in one place. Lucy is n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times. She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know, but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers. She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.We know from the pa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ssage that elephants may he frightened of __________. A. loud noises B. some crops C. video cameras D. angry beesAs mentioned in the passage, Lucy __________. A. works by herself in Africa B. needs to test more elephant groups C. has stopped elephants eating crops D. has got farmers to set up beehives on their farms62. Why did Lucy throw a stone into a wild beehive A. To record the sound of bees. B. To make a video of elephants. C. To see if elephants would run away. D. To find out more about the behavior of bees.63. Which of the following is true according to the passage A. Young elephants ignore African honeybees. B. Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place. C. Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them. D. Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields.（C）Since the late 18 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )00s, authorities have used fingerprints to identify individuals, especially in criminal investigations and other identification-based legal cases. But fingerprinting changed forever when England’s Sir Alec Jeffreys discovered a way of identifying individuals ___1___ (use) their DNA: DNA fingerprinting.All humans belong to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the same species, ___2___ the majority of genetic information in people’s DNA is indistinguishable. ___3___ certain sections that give each individual unique characteristics vary astronomically from person to person. Discovering these sections in his laboratory ___4___ a September morning in 1984, Jeffreys immediately understood their potential, and DNA fingerprinting ___5___ (bear). Lawyers applied the discovery to legal cases almost immediately. The following spring, DNA fingerprinting resolved an immigration case ___6___ proving a young boy’s identity as a U.K. citizen. Then in 1986, DNA fingerprinting provided the evidence necessary to prove one man’s innocence and ___7___ man’s guilt in a murder case.___8___ then, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is science has helped settle countless cases and investigations—establishing parent-child relationships, putting criminals in jail and freeing those wrongly ___9___ (accuse) of crimes. 10 doubt, DNA fingerprinting has forever revolutionized the way we identify people and fight crime.（D）VocabularyA. boards ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B. limited C. occasional D. necessity E. insisting F. associated G. tense H. interviewed I. drained J. envelops K. perfectionistsAviaphobia or fear o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f flying is believed to rank as the second most common fear, next to the fear of speaking in public. According to a recent statistical study in the United States, 44% of the Americans __1__ admitted some fear of flying. What is ironic is that this kind of uncontrolled fear is not only __2__ to those who have not yet had the experience of flying, but also known to bother people working in airlines, including stewards and stewardesses, and even business people for whom frequent air travel is a(n) __3__.What causes avia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )phobia has troubled brilliant minds in the medical and psychological fields. Psychologists explain that fear of flying __4__ other fears—fear of heights, fear of closed-in places, and most importantly, the fear of dying. On top of that, there is the “vicarious factor”, which means one may have had a painful experience __5__ with flying that has caused the overpowering fear of air travel. What happened to John Smith, an executive with a computer company, is a case in point. In 1979, while he was on the runway at a Chicago airport, another plane blew up, killing 275 people. He witnessed the disaster with his own eyes, and since then, he has __6__ nightmares about the tragedy despite more than three decades. That experience has badly influenced him so that even up to now, whenever he __7__ a plane, he is caught in an uncontrolled feeling of pain.Actually, about a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) third of aviaphobes are less afraid of dying in a crash than of losing control of themselves. They are afraid that it may be seen as a sign of weakness, and therefore may threaten their jobs and inter-personal relationships, or even cause their loss of respectability. This explains why overachievers and __8__ feel it a need to be in control always. Once they are on board, such kind of people will be too much alert. They sometimes spend their entire trip observing the flight attendants or the details of the small world surrounding them. Thus, they become sleepless and __9__ during their long flights, sometimes lasting for 10 hours or even longer. Consequently, they become physically exhausted and mentally __10__ before their flight is over.当堂检测GrammarLast August Susan and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) forty-two other students got wet and dirty while removing six tons of garbage (21)______ the river running across their city. They cleaned up the river as part of a weeklong environmental camp. Like one in three American rivers, this river (22)______ (pollute) so much that it's unsafe for swimming or fishing. Still, Susan, who has just completed her third summer camp on the river cleanup, sees a change in this river. “Since we started three years ago, the river is getting a lot (23)______ (clean),” she says. Environmental scientists praise the teenagers for removing garbage (24)______ can harm wild life. Water birds, for example, can die of plastic bottle rings and get (25)______ (cut) by tiny metals. Three years ago, when the cleanup started, garbage was everywhere. But this year the teenagers can row their boats fast. By the end of the six-hour cleanup, they (26)______ (remove) enough garbage to fill more than two large trucks. “(27)______ (see) what is left in the river makes people begin to care about environmental issues,” Susan says. She hopes (28)______ when others read that, she and her peers care enough (29)______ (clean) it up, maybe they would think twice (30)______ they throw garbage into the river.Vocabulary A. profits B. donations C. volunteers D. cause E. selling F. unwantedG. used H. donated I. disabled J. flooded K. appealI love charity shop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s and so do lots of other people in Britain because you find quite a few of them on every high street. The charity shop is a British institution, __31__ everything from clothes to electric goods, all at very good prices. You can get things you won’t find in the shops anymore. The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to a good __32__ and not into the pockets of profit-driven companies, and you are not damaging the planet, but finding a new home for __33__ goods.The first cha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rity shop was opened in 1947 by Oxfam. The famous charity’s __34__ to aid postwar Greece had been so successful it had been __35__ with donations. They decided to set up a shop to sell some of these __36__ to raise money for that appeal. Now there are over 7,000 charity shops in the UK. My favorite charity shop in my hometown is the Red Cross shop, where I always find children’s books, all 10 or 20 pence each.Most of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )people working in the charity shops are __37__, although there is often a manager who gets paid. Over 90% of the goods in the charity shops are __38__ by the public. Every morning you see bags of unwanted items outside the front of shops, although they don’t encourage this, rather ask people to bring things in when the shop is open.The shops have very lo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w running costs: all __39__ go to charity work. Charity shops raise more than ￡110 million a year, funding medical research, overseas aid, supporting sick and poor children, homeless and __40__ people, and much more. What better place to spend your money Cloze Planning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a wedding is no less than planning a big show, an official summit, a conference or any other grand occasion. One has to __41__ everything—all the subtle areas. The ceremony once organized __42__ becomes the talk of the day. __43__ it is to be remembered that the organization and accomplishment of this idea takes much time than the __44__ itself. The engaged couple, especially the bride has nurtured her wedding dreams for long. Planning is imperative to transform her __45__ into reality. Planning your wedding carefully is the only way to realize the wishes and ideas of the couple and envision the event. There are many small things, when __46__ well will result in an organized wedding ceremony ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). To start one should know the exact date, day and venue of the event. It is very essential to make a(n) __47__ of things that need to be done. This also helps in prioritizing the activities that need to be done first. The main things which need a lot of __48__ is the actual wedding ceremony, the reception, the number of guests invited, the food and proper facilities which need to be provided to the guests, at the place where they will be staying. Keeping the guests __49__ is one of the major activities that the host family should take care of. Others are checklist for bride, groom, arrangement for bridal showers, cakes and bakers, music and entertainment, speeches and toasts, photography and videography, legal services, and transportation etc. How can one forget about the sweetest and the romantic part of your wedding—the honeymoon and travel Wedding planni ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng does not only __50__ the arrangements of a wedding but also on the budget. The planning should be done in correspondence with the __51__. Wedding planning is a huge responsibility. You need to list the various___52___ among your family members. It is very necessary to divide the responsibilities properly among the family members. To capture all the precious events it is important to hire experienced photographers. Wedding p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lanning can be a boring and stressful process __53__ if you do not plan well. Budget is also an important factor and you should allocate a certain amount to all the aspects you are going to book or purchase. __54__, you have an overall budget, out of which you allot a certain amount to book the venue, some amount for catering, some for flowers, cake, dresses, gifts, etc. Make sure you cover all the requirements of your wedding in your budget so that it would not exceed at the last moment. If you are plan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ning to accept gifts, think over what you __55__ want. Especially if someone is hosting a bridal shower for you, make sure you specify the things you want in your registry. 41. A. take care ofB. worry aboutC. think aboutD. get rid of42. A. efficiently B. carefullyC. economically D. properly43. A. ThenB. ButC. SoD. And44. A. marriageB. planningC. ceremonyD. performance45. A. dreamsB. resolutionsC. arrangementsD. fantasies46. A. heldB. madeC. served D. planned47. A. bidB. listC. orderD. deal48. A. regulationB. organization C. attentionD. decision49. A. happyB. funny C. curious D. excited50. A. fixes on B. focus onC. depends onD. keeps on51. A. situationB. conditionC. incomeD. budgetA. tasksB. role-play’C. responsibilitiesD. cooperationA. especiallyB. usuallyC. partlyD. unfortunatelyA. By contrastB. After allC. To sum upD. For instanceA. uniquely B. exactlyC. fortunatelyD. effectively 温故知新Attributive Clause6.上海是一座充满活力和机会的城市。（vitality and opportunities）7.那支乐队的出色表演让所有人如醉如痴，这是我没想到的。（keep everyone on the edge of his seat）8.这壮观的焰火展是我见过的最好的。（spectacular）9.笑声心理治疗是一种心理疗法，它常被用来治疗癌症患者。（therapy）10.我们今天知道的有些故事是一代一代通过囗头传下来的。（word of mouth）Reading (A)Women’s basketball ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )began in the winter of 1892 at Smith College. Senda Berenson, an instructor at Smith, taught basketball to her students, hoping the activity would improve their physical health. Basketball's early supporters were affiliated with YMCAs (The Young Men’s Christian Association) and colleges throughout the United States, and the game quickly spread throughout the country.However, Berenson w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as taking risks simply in teaching the game to women. She worried a little about the women suffering from “nervous fatigue” if games were too strenuous for them. And, in order to keep it “acceptable” for women to play at all, she taught modified rules. These included a court divided into three areas and nine players per team. Three players were assigned to each area (guard, center, forward) and could not cross the line into another area. The ball was moved from section to section by passing or dribbling. Players were limited to three dribbles and could hold the ball for three seconds. No snatching or batting the ball away from a player was allowed. A center jump was required after each score. Peach baskets and the soccer ball were the equipment. Variations of Berenson’s rules spread across the country via YMCAs and colleges. The first int ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ercollegiate women’s basketball game was played between teams from Stanford University and the University of California, Berkeley, in 1896. The popularity ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of women’s basketball grew steadily around the world for decades. By the 1970s the sport had attracted the notice the International Olympic Committee, which added women’s basketball as an official sport of the Olympic Games in 1976.The Women’s W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orld Cup was created by the International Basketball Federation (FIBA). It began in 1953, held in Chile, three years after the first men’s World Championship. For most of its early history, it was not held in the same year as the men’s championship. After the 1983 event, FIBA changed the scheduling so that the women’s tournament would be held in even-numbered non-Olympic years, a change that had come to the men’s tournament in 1970.Only four nations have won titles in the history of the Women’s World Cup. The United States ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) has won the title nine times, including six of the last eight. The Soviet Union ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) won six titles, including five in a row from 1959 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) to 1975 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). The only other countries to win have been Brazil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) in 1994 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) and Australia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) in 2006 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). 56. The underlin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed words “strenuous” in paragraph 2 properly means ______.A. interesting B. tough C. comfortable D. strange 57. Why were the rule ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s for women’s basketball originally different from those of men’s basketball A. To make the game shorter. B. To make the game easier.C. To make the game more challenging. D. To make the game more interesting 58. According to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he passage, which country has never won the FIBA women’s basketball championship A. The United States. B. Russia.C. Brazil. D. Austria.59. What is the main idea of the passage A. Women’s basketball is more challenging than men’s basketball.B. Women basketball player aren’t as good as male basketball players.C. America is the strongest country for women’ basketball so far.D. Women’s basketball is a serious sport with a long history.(B) As we speak, o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur fundraisers are singing, dancing, baking and bucket-shaking their way to helping beat cancer sooner—and we’d love for you to join the team! Our research ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ers are doing everything they can to make sure 3 in 4 people survive cancer by 2034, but we need the energy, creativity and motivation of our fundraising teams to make this possible.It’s easy to get invo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lved—all you need is a little time to spare and a passion for teamwork, making a difference in your community and beating cancer sooner.Not sure how to get ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )started Click on the link below, pinpoint your area and get a feel for the opportunities available on your doorstep right now. Find a role in your local area ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )Workplace Ambassador Volunteer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) Could you con ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vince your colleagues to help beat cancer sooner We’re looking for someone passionate and well-connected to help promote and support our cause within workplaces across the country.Fundraising Group Volunteer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) Are you a team pla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yer looking to inspire others and get involved in fundraising We’re looking for enthusiastic volunteers with good local knowledge to support fundraising groups or launch one of their own.Relay For life Fundraising Volunteer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) Are you a sociable ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and motivated individual with a passion and motivation to share There are loads of different ways you can join our fantastic Relay For Life team, just take a look here.Read more at: http://21世纪教育网c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ancerresearchuk.org/support-us/volunteer/help-us-raise-money#vgX7yxoRAmus3VsO.9960. The purpose of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )this fundraising is _____ according to this advertisement.A. helping the senior citizen B. helping the people who get cancer C. helping the children D. helping colleagues who lose the job61. The memb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er of the fundraising team need the following qualities EXCEPT ______. A. creativity B. team spirit C. motivation D. penny wise 62. If you are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the person who likes to inspire others with rich local knowledge the best choice for you to work as a volunteer is ______. A. Relay For life Fundraising Volunteer B. Fundraising Group Volunteer C. Workplace Ambassador Volunteer D. Singing, dancing, baking Volunteer(C) When we perceive ot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her people, we seldom describe a person in cold and objective words. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly—perhaps with a two-second glance. We try to obtain inf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ormation about others in many ways. Social scientist Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed person’s behavior with the known others’ behavior; observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person’s responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person: questions, self-disclosures (自我表露), and so on. Getting to know ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won’t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent (前后不一致的) behavior. Ironically those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g., secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g., disclosure and truthful statements).63. The underlined wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d “pinpoint” paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______. A. appreciate B. activate C. identify D. influence64. What can we learn from the first paragraph A. People like to be described in cold, objective words. B. It is impossible to get inside of a person. C. It is difficult to describe a person in words. D. Getting to know a person is usually no easy job.65. It can be inferred from Berger’s suggestions that ______. A. people do not reveal their true self on every occasion B. the best way to know a person is by making comparisons C. in most cases we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) should avoid contacting the observed person directly D. face-to-fac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person66. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is to ______. A. discuss the various aspects of getting to know people B. provide ways of how to obtain information about people C. warn readers of the negative side of people’s characters D. give advice on appropriate behaviors for social occasionsSection C (每题2分，共8分)A. If you want your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) film review to be well written, you should follow these simple steps. B. Your writing is intended to be persuasive. C. It is absolutely not an easy job. D. Discuss some specific elements in the review. E. Ask them to help you with the film review. F. Make sure that you have a thesis and supporting argumentsWriting a fil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m review needs your patience to watch a film with a critical eye, recognize all the information about it and then write a detailed film review. ____67____ A good review is not just a summary of a movie, but a critical analysis that examines why and how a movie works and whether the film succeeds in its presentation.When writing a f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ilm review, always consider who the intended audience is for the film and the audience you are writing for. ____68____ Additionally, it should show clearly that you not only viewed the movie, but also read the novel or play which formed the basis of the movie. You should f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ocus your review around a large argument, such as why the film works or fails to work and what are both the successful and unsuccessful elements. ____69____ A good film review uses scenes and dialogue from the film to support its larger argument. Moreover, a good review focuses on whether and how a movie works and whether the reviewer recommends it. Finally, a good reviewer shows how a movie works psychologically, emotionally, intellectually and even spiritually. ____70____ Watch a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )film with a critical eye. Always include information on the director, main characters, the historical period used in this film, editing and camera work. Write an outline and a thesis statement for your film review. Be creative and hardworking so that you can have chances of a good grade.1. 由于天气原因，飞机晚点了。(due)2. 那场慈善音乐会据说是那位慷慨大方的老板资助的。(finance)3. 把青少完全限制在学校里不利于他们将来尽快适应真实社会。(It)4. 在非洲大片地区饱受饥荒威胁时，志愿者们正努力为饥荒赈济筹款。(famine)
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