中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
备战2022年上海高考英语二轮复习精品讲义第20讲 一轮综合复习（五） 教师版
教学内容
进门小练笔Unit Five Adverbial ClauseMultiple Choices:________ I washed the vegetables, he chopped the meat.A. While B. As C. When D. OnceThis equipment is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) so old ________ it can’t be used any more ________ some of its parts are changed.
A. as; unless B. that; unless C. that; if D. whether; orPlease speak clearly _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______ we can follow you.
A. so…that B. so C. so as to D. so that________ you have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) made a decision, don’t change it frequently.
A. Once B. Before C. While D. Even ifHe used to tell ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )children the story ________ he had had the experience.
A. as though B. even if C. just as D. like________, he knows how ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to live and study.
A. A child as he is B. Where ever C. Child as he is D. Though he is childWe found people fri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )endly ________ we went.
A. to which B. in which C. wherever D. to where________ the weather ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is fine, I’ll open all the windows.
A. Now that B. Since that C. Because of D. ForIt was ________ he couldn’t finish it by himself.
A. so difficult a work as B. such a difficult work as
C. so difficult work as D. such difficult work that________ I know, this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) book will be used as a text book.
A. So far as B. So far C. So long as D. As to________ you talk to s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omeone or write a message, you show your skills to others.
A. At times B. Every time C. By the time D. Some timeYou should run the ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )chine ________ the workers have shown you.
A. as B. in the way C. as if D. just like________ my mother w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as too busy to do the housework, I took her place instead.
A. For B. Even though C. Or D. WheneverWounded ________ he was, he refused to come back from the front.
A. however B. though C. although D. likeJust as most plants n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eed sunlight, ________ we need food.
A. so B. when C. as D. forYou will be late ________ you leave immediately.
A. unless B. otherwise C. as long as D. or else－What was the party like －Wonderf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ul. It was years ________ I had enjoyed myself so much.
A. after B. before C. when D. sinceMother was worried ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) because little Alice was ill, especially ________ Father was away in France.
A. as B. that C. during D. if________ you have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) seen both fighters, ________ will win
A. Since; do you think who B. As; who you think
C. When; whoever D. Since; who do you thinkIf we work with ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ________ great it is.
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever________ the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you.
A. Your having read B. While reading C. If reading D. When you readI thought her nice ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and honest ________ I met her.
A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first timeYou should make it a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rule to leave things ________ you can find them again.
A. when B. where C. then D. thereI shall stay in t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he hotel all day ________ there is news of the missing child.
A. in case B. no matter C. in any case D. in fearThe WTO cannot live ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) up to its name ________ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.
A. as long as B. while C. only if D. even though1~5A B D A A 6 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )~10 C C A D A 11~15 B A D B A 16~20 A D A D C 21~25D C B A ATranslation除非我们保持快速的经济增长，否则我们无法缩小我国与发达国家的差距。（maintain）We can’t narrow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/ won’t be able to bridge the gap between our country and developed countries unless we maintain fast economic growth. 2. 虽然他已制订了不玩游戏的目标，我想他很难改掉这个坏习惯，因为他打网络游戏有瘾。（obsessively）Though he has set a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )game-avoiding target, I think it difficult for him to get rid of the bad habit because he plays online games obsessively.3. 只要目的明确、努力工作，你所做的贡献迟早会得到承认。（recognize）As long as you a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re purposeful and hardworking, your contribution will be recognized sooner or later. 4. 虽然目标未达到，但是一个良好的基础已经奠定，因为能源节约问题受到前所未有的关注。（unprecedented）Though the goa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l was not achieved, a good foundation has been laid with unprecedented attention paid to energy conversation.5. 为了迎合公众的需求，室内体育馆将在老房子被拆迁掉的地方新建。（the public）To cater to / ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) To meet the needs of the public, an indoor stadium will be built where old houses have been pulled down. 课堂导入纽约邮报 | 今天仍有约六分之一的美国儿童吃不饱The economy i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s growing, but not all Americans are reaping the benefits — and many are still living in hunger.经济一直在增长，但并不是所有的美国人都能从中受益——有许多人仍处在饥饿中。One in 10 adu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lts (nearly 15 million people) and one in six children in the US have gone to bed hungry at some point in the past 3 years, according to a report from anti-hunger nonprofit Hunger Free America released Wednesday.美国非营利反饥饿组织“不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )饥饿美国” 周三公布的一份报告显示，在过去3里，美国每10个成人中就有1个（近1500万人）、每6个儿童中就有1个曾饿着肚子上床睡觉。Nearly 8 percent o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f older Americans (adults 60 years and older) lived in “food insecure” households during the same time period. One in 10 seniors age 60 and older rely on food stamps, a previous study from Food and Research Action Center concluded.在同一时期，将近8%的美国老人（60 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )岁以上的成人）生活在“食品不安全”的家庭。美国食品与研究行动中心此前的一项研究总结，60岁及以上的老人中，有十分之一依赖食品救济券活着。The Hunger Free Americ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a report examined hunger in America between the years of 2014 and , when the economy was “still booming,” Joel Berg, chief executive officer of Hunger Free America said, and found that hunger rates have yet to return to pre-recession levels.“不饥饿美国”组织发布的这份 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )报告调查了2014到的饥饿数据，在那个时期经济仍在“蓬勃发展”，该组织首席执行官乔尔·伯格说，并表示饥饿率还没有回到经济衰退前的水平。“We can only imagine h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow much more suffering there will be when the next inevitable recession or depression occurs if we don’t fix the structural flaws in our economy and safety net that cause such mass hunger before then,” Berg said.伯格说：“我们只能想象，如果我们未能 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在下一次不可避免的衰退或萧条发生之前解决经济和社会保障体系中的结构性缺陷，造成如此大规模饥饿的问题将会更加严重。”The Farm Bill ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) deal passed on Nov. 29 included continued support for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits funding, despite an original Republican push to create stricter work requirements for these.11月29日通过的农业法案包括继续支持补充营养援助计划（SNAP）福利资金，尽管共和党最初曾推动对这些资金提出更严格的实行要求。But more fund ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing is needed for hungry Americans to reach parity with those who aren’t struggling, the report found. 但报告发现，饥饿的美国人需要更多的资金，才能不再为了生计挣扎。Food insecure American ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s would need $21.5 billion in additional food purchasing power each year to meet their basic food needs, it added.报告还称，食品不安全的美国人每将需要215亿美元的食品购买力来满足他们的基本食物需求。精讲精练(知识点一：词汇、短语积累)语言与学习类培养 cultivate (v.)/ foster (v.)/ nurture (v.)促进（某种发展） promote (v.)/ facilitate (v.)/ contribute to 身体的发育 physical growth 智力的发展 brain developm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent/ cognitive development/ intellectual development心理的发展 emotional development心理健康 psychological well-being/ emotional health职业教育 vocational education只有男生或女生的学校 single-sex school通才 generalist (n.)专才 specialist (n.)全面发展的 well-rounded (adj.)/ versatile (adj.)学校里面各门功课的总称 curriculum理论知识 theoretical knowledge广泛的 a wide range of .../ a wide variety of .../ a wide array of ...提供灵感 provide inspiration for sb./sth.通过实验或者实践学到的知识 empirical knowledge正面的榜样 a positive role model 辛劳的任务 an arduous task/ a painstaking task传授知识（或技能） impart knowledge (or skills) to students对某种技能掌握得非常熟练的 be proficient (adj.) in sth./ be adept at sth. 实践技能 practical skills/ hands-on skills就业技能 job skills/ employment skills 刚毕业的学生 fresh graduates很专业的知识与技能 highly specialized knowledge and skills/ expertise (n.)灌输（某种观念） instil ... into students给学生动力 give the s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudents motivation to do sth./ motive the students to do sth.竞争非常激烈 competitive 竞争优势 a competitive advantage在理解的基础上学习 learn things through understanding尊重学生的个性 respec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t students’ individuality/ respect individual differences in the classroom应用 apply (v.)/ application (n.)结合 combine (v.)/ integrate (v.)/ incorporate (v.)独立思考 think independently鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题 encourage the students to think critically激发（兴趣、想象力等）kindle (v.)/ spark (v.)/ stimulate (v.) 学生们对老师所教知识的掌握 students’ grasp (or command) of what has been taught死记硬背 learn sth. by rote用填鸭式教法教学生 force-feed the students 打击学生们的积极性 dampen the students’ enthusiasm/ frustrate the students限制孩子们创造力的发展 extinguish (or constrain) children’s creativity学生不应该只是被动接受知识的容器 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。 Students should not be treated as passive receptacles of predigested ideas.能够很好地适应社会生活的人 a well-adjusted individual人际交往能力，沟通能力 interpersonal skills/ communication skills善于社交的 sociable/ gregarious正直的品格 integrity (n.)/ uprightness 积极的人生观 a positive outlook on life/ a positive attitude towards life社会的有用成员 a valuable member of society毅力，顽强的意志 perseverance (n.)/ willpower 一种可以通用的语言 a lingua franca/ a universal language/ a global language英语的广泛应用 the widespre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad use of English/ the extensive use of English/ the proliferation of English双语的 bilingual (adj.)方言 dialect (n.)/ vernacular (n.)小语种的消亡 the extinction (or the demise) of lesser-known language(知识点二：写作、翻译基本句型积累)请用一个具体实例谈谈你对“教育无期限”（ Education is an unlimited term.）的理解或感受。审题分析：一、本题是一篇谚语格言类作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文，属于夹叙夹议类作文。该类作文往往要求学生用一个具体的实例来说明或谈谈其对指定谚语或格言的理解、感受。此类型作文，往往分四个部分：“引入”——解读谚语或格言；“举例”——简述所举实例；“感受”——结合实例谈自己的感受；“总结”——总结全文，呼应主题。ニ、就作文内容而言，“引入” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )部分主要为破题，说明此谚语或格言的主要意义。就本题而言， Education is an unlimited term.说明了教育无期限，相当于“活到老，学到老”。“举例”部分应根据对格言或谚语的解读，举出恰当的例子，并简要叙述。“感受”部分应结合实例与格言，说明道理。作为夹叙夹议类作文，“举例”为“叙”，“感受”为“议”。三、由于本题要求学生谈谈“理解和感受”，因此语言要求充满感彩，充分阐述该格言或谚语以及所举实例使自己明白的道理。范文点评： Nowaday ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s with our society developing, more and more adults turn to night school to instill in themselves more knowledge of various kinds, thus living up to the quotation “Education is an unlimited term.” My gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )andfather is an energetic old man in his eighties．He goes to the library almost every week and immerses himself in the sea of books and knowledge, by which he has obtained the happiness of learning. In his spare time, he can’t stand just sitting still in the wheelchair and idling his time away. Instead, reading newspapers and writing poems are his hobbies, thus sharpening his insight and wisdom. From the ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se of my grandfather, the true meaning of education steps out in front of me. As an old saying goes, “Never too old to learn.” Only through lifelong learning can we keep pace with the progress of the world, for knowledge is changing with the times and new knowledge emerges with the leaps and bounds of development. Old as a person may be, he can be active in learning as long as he has a passion for knowledge and understands the virtues of studying. Life is like the sea while education resembles the boat. By rowing the boat continuously, we can have a taste of the happiness of the life voyage.Education is an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )infinite period of time that stretches to the end of our lives. In no case should we stop learning as long as we are breathing. At last, we must keep in mind that education brings us knowledge which fits in all walks of life, that education gives birth to new ideas and that the long lasting education truly stands for the significance of our life. 好词好句：1. Nowadays with ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our society developing, more and more adults turn to night school to instill in themselves more knowledge of various kinds, thus living up to the quotation “Education is an unlimited term.”instill sth. in sb./ one’s mind的意义为“将某事灌输给某人”; live up to的意义为“符合”。2. Education is an i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nfinite period of time that stretches to the end of our lives.stretch to的意义为“延伸至”。3. In no case should we stop learning as long as we are breathing.in no case的意义为“绝不”，放在句首，句子应部分倒装。表达训练：运用所给出的关键词，用恰当的英语表达下列句子的意思。(1) 教育绝对不是有期限的。（ by no means）(2) 我相信通过不断学习，你一定会享受更好的生活。（ by doing）(3) 教育塑造我们积极的人生观，并拓宽我们的视野。（ shape）KEY:(1) Education is by no means a limited term.(2) I am sure that you will enjoy a better life by keeping learning.(3) Education shape ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s our positive outlook on life as well as expands our horizons.(知识点三：阅读拓展)（A） A scientist wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )king at her lab bench and a six month old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing ... right Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists (心理学家) have argued that this “play” is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground—and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact (相互作用): bowls of rice do not float in mid air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim (to learn about the natural world),overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected ). Some psycholog ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.Viewing childhood deve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lopment as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world—is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution (进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, “It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”50. According t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o some developmental psychologists, __________________________.A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a gameB. scientific research into babies’ games is possibleC. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigatedD. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的“...but some developmental psychologists(心理学家) have argued that this ‘play’ is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.”可知，心理学家觉得孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究有共同之处，故选D。51. We learn from Paragraph 2 that __________________________.A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differentlyB. scientists and babies often interact with each otherC. babies are born with the knowledge of object supportD. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句中的“...overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world). ..”可知，孩子也会像科学家一样收集证据，故选D。52. Children may learn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the rules of language by __________________________.A. exploring the physical worldB. investigating human psychologyC. repeating their own experimentsD. observing their parents’ behaviors答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第三段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第二句“For example，it may only be through repeated experiments，evidence gathering，and finally overturning a theory...”可知，孩子可以通过重复自己的实验来学习语言的规律，故选C。53. What is the main idea of the last paragraph A. The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.B. Studying babies ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.C. Children may h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave greater ability to figure out things than scientists.D. One’s drive for sc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ientific research may become stronger as he grows.答案 B54. What is the auth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’ play A. Convincing. B. Confused. C. Confident. D. Cautious.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据作者在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文中的用词appear to和may来弱化绝对性的表达，和通过引用其他人的观点“Some psychologists suggest that...”可知，作者的语气是谨慎的。故选D。名师指津1. 抓住主旨大意，理清文章脉络通过阅读文章可知，本文是一篇议论文。作者提出 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )自己的观点：六个月大的婴儿不断把碗从桌子边上推下去的这个简单的游戏动作，其实包含着很深刻的道理，它与科学家做实验有很多相似之处。我们追求科学的态度其实源于我们的儿童时代。文章具体脉络如下：2. 总结解题规律，提高解题能力理解好长难句有助于全面理解文章在阅读理解中理解文章的长难句是关键，理解不了这些句子就很难理解文章的大意。下面我们分析一下这篇文章中的两个长难句。句子1：It is likely ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe；nor are they ever clearly taught it.结构分析：这句话使用分号连接两个并列分句， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )前面的分句使用“It is likely that...”这个句型，还有knowing...作伴随状语，后面的分句是“nor＋倒装句”的结构。句意为：可能孩子不是天生就知道宇宙的基本事实，他们也没有被清楚的教过。句子2：For example，it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) may only be through repeated experiments，evidence gathering，and finally overturning a theory，that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has.结构分析：这句话使用了强调句型 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，被强调部分是through repeated experiments，evidence gathering，and finally overturning a theory，这部分比较长，考生可能很难理解这个句式。主干部分中idea后面是同位语从句，from后面还有宾语从句。句意为：例如，它可能只是通过反复实验，收集证据，并最终推翻一个理论——一个婴儿会接受其他人可以和他/她有不同的意见和愿望的想法。（B） Peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le attach the label “genius” ___1___ such diverse characters as Leonardo Da Vinci, Bobby Fischer and Toni Morrison. The varied achievements of such individuals beg the question: ___2___ defines a genius People have long-equated genius with intelligence, ___3___ it is more aptly characterized by creative productivity. Such exceptional output depends on ___4___ combination of genetics, opportunity and effort. ___5___ can be called out for outstanding contributions to a field without a lot of hard work, but progress is faster ___6___ you are born with the right skills. Personality also plays a role. If you are very open to new experiences and if you have psychopathic traits (yes, as in those shared by serial killers) such as being aggressive and emotionally tough, you are more likely ___7___ (consider) a genius.To make the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )contributions ___8___ they are known, all geniuses depend on the same general process. It starts with an unrestrained search for ideas without foresight into their utility. This hunt takes a creator down many dead-end roads, causing him or her to backtrack and start over. This trial-and-error process eventually leads to a solution that works. For anyone who has engaged in a project for which progress is hard to measure or that ___9___ (seem) to stall (拖延), this theory is encouraging. When a problem or endeavor is difficult, we should probably not expect our research to proceed in a linear (直线的) fashion. The many seemingly wasted hours ___10___ (explore) roads that lead nowhere may really be necessary to find an effective and innovative solution.1. to 2. wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t 3. but 4. a 5. Nobody 6. if 7. to be considered 8. for which 9. seems 10. exploring（C）In a time of low a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cademic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. __1__, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, __2__ little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were __3__ various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed “to give children a good start __4__” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. __5__, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a __6__. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read __7__ by their parents. In the recen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t __8__ of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented (强调个性发展的) Americans __9__ group experience as one of their top three choices. A(n) __10__ on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education. Like in America, t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here is __11__ in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have __12__ aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are __13__ universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of __14__ being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have __15__ free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.A. Instead B. However C. Furthermore D. MeanwhileA. surprisingly B. primarily C. strangely D. expectedlyA. criticized for B. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) associated with C. devoted to D. asked aboutA. mentally B. physically C. academically D. financiallyA. Beyond description B. Out of curiosity C. After all D. In contrastA. society B. family C. group D. classA. at home B. by law C. when needed D. with patienceA. consideration B. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) comparison C. prediction D. examinationA. doubted B. defined C. pretended D. listedA. emphasis B. agre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ement C. compliment D. congratulationA. difference B. diversity C. evidence D. setbackA. specific B. fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r-reaching C. important D. favorableA. focused on B. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) combined with C. attached to D. separated fromA. happily B. quickly C. luckily D. eventuallyA. introduced B. invented C. borrowed D. displayed(D) BADCD CABDA BACDA（D）VocabularyA. wide B. defending C. individuals D. weakens E. signs F. missed G. expanding H. experience I. subjects J. form K. extraNew research sugges ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts that speaking more than one language may delay different kinds of dementia (痴呆),which is the loss of mental ability. In fact, researchers say, speaking two languages appears to be more important than the level of education in __1__ against dementia.A study in Indi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a examined the effect of knowing more than one language on delaying the first __2__ of several disorders. Researchers studied nearly 650 people whose average age was 66. And 240 of those studied suffered from Alzheimer’s disease, the most common __3__ of mental decline. 391 of the __4__ spoke two or more languages. Investigators found dementia began about four and a half years later in those who were bilingual compared to those who spoke only one language. Thomas Bak helped to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )organize the study. He is with the Center of Cognitive Aging at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. He suggests that __5__ who speak more than one language train their brains by moving back and forth between different words and expressions.Mr. Bak believes this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) effort improves what scientists called executive functioning or attention to tasks, and that this mental ability often __6__ in people with dementia. Researchers fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )und there was no __7__ gain in speaking more than two languages. They also did not see a delay at the first signs of dementia with Lewy bodies, and the disorder causes patients to see or __8__ things that do not really exist. It can also cause sufferers to move back and forth between being __9__ awake and really sleeping.Mr. Bak says ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it does not appear important whether you learn a language at a young age or later in life. "So it’s not s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omething you sort of say that you __10__ the boat when you do not do it as a baby. It is something that is still quite useful and powerful when you do it as an adult," he said.BEJIC DKHAF当堂检测Grammar Go back to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a time where you felt inseparable (21)______ your emotions. What was the trigger Did your boss pick and pry at you to get your work done faster Did your in-laws say something to you that really pissed you off There are thousands of triggers that can hit us at any given moment, where we wish we could just let it roll off our shoulders and move on with our days (22)______ ______ nothing happened. Unfortunately, that is an unrealistic expectation. Just as unrealistic as the thought (23)______ life could ever be perfect. Pessimistic as it (24)______ sound, but it is the truth. The acknowledgement of this imperfect life at the end of the day is not as important, as how we handle the triggers that cause negative emotions and make life not so ideal all the time.As we grow older, wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ser, and strap more experiences onto our belts, it’s easy to expect more out of (25)______ than what we really should. It’s okay to strive to be (26)______ (strong) person that you can possibly be emotionally and of course physically.But don’t forget ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that we are humans; the invisible armor we wear around cannot protect us from everything (27)______ life can hit us with. We can try to prepare ourselves for even the worst, but no one can gaze into a crystal ball and know exactly what negative occurrence has yet (28)______ (come).That is (29) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ everybody needs a mechanism to release the weight on their shoulders. Personally, I was definitely guilty of believing I had that impenetrable armor, but as much as I didn’t want to admit it to myself, each frustration began seeding one after another in my mind. Trust me if you don’t find that effective coping mechanism for yourself, then before you know it a thousand pounds (30)______ (crash) down on your shoulders and everything will just seem unbearable.Vocabulary A. alarming B. normal C. roughly D. expand E. restored F. contributing G. damaged H. exactly I. sweep J. doubt K. recoverySea ice off An ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tarctica and in the Arctic is at record lows for this time of year after declining by twice the size of Alaska in a sign of rising global temperatures, climate scientists say.Against a trend ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of global warming and a steady retreat of ice at earth’s northern tip, ice floating on the Southern Ocean off Antarctica has tended to __31__ in recent years.But now it is shrinkin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g at both ends of the planet, a development __32__ scientists and to which a build-up of man-made greenhouse gases, an El Nino weather event that this year unlocked heat from the Pacific Ocean and freak natural swings may all be __33__.“There are some re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ally crazy things going on,” said Mark Serreze, director of the U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) in Boulder, Colorado, saying temperatures in parts of the Arctic were 20 degrees Celsius (36°F) above __34__ some days in November. Worldwide, this year is on track to be the warmest on bined, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )extent of polar sea ice on Dec. 4 was about 3.84 million square kilometers (1.48 million square miles) below the 1981-2010 average, according to NSIDC satellite measurements. That is __35__ the size of India, or two Alaskas.Antarctica’s expand ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing sea ice in many recent years has been a big theme for those who __36__ global warming is man-made.John Turner of the Bri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tish Antarctic Survey said chilly westerly winds that __37__ around the continent, perhaps insulating it from the effects of global warming, were the weakest for November in two decades. That may have let more heat seep (热渗透) south, he said.A __38__ of the h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )igh-altitude ozone layer over Antarctica, which led to cooler air over the continent when it was __39__ by now-banned industrial chemicals, may also be a factor. But Turner said it was hard to pinpoint __40__ what was happening. “When we began getting satellite data from 1979 the sea ice started to decrease. Everyone said it was global warming ... but then it started to increase again,” he said.Cloze Can Anyone Truly Be An Individual The constant working ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )engine that drives the majority of human action is, undoubtedly, the fragrant dream of individualism. And while the presence of its scent is __41__ throughout the worlds entirely, its value is worshiped to such an extent in a land no other than that of America.As the frame ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )work of its history, America holds individuality as the ever-popular green light, the essence of which becomes the symbol of hope for, well, almost everything. In fact, in America’s current social status, individuality has become something of a birthright, and a __42__ plastered upon the face of the media, where it was __43__ valued as the American dream. There is no denying the prevalence of this idol in American society, and little hope for __44__ it.However, __45__ most pride themselves in their individualistic state, perhaps humans, when stripped (剥) to their core, are everything but.It is no new d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iscovery that people are the sum of their experiences. The overwhelming majority of human experience involves other humans, along with the __46__ and relationships between them. It is a __47__ occurrence when a life is built upon events without this stimulus. Indeed, interaction is the core of experience. Therefore, in order that humans are the sum of their experiences, they must be the sum of the people that they meet, just as well.As an Americanized tee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n, I found the discovery that not only my self-entitled individualism was __48__, but that I, as a being, was a product, increasingly unsettling to accept. Questions __49__ me such as “If I am bits and pieces of everyone I have met—my family, my teachers, all of my friends, and even strangers—then what is left that is just me What part of me is just me How much of myself is the stitching together of different parts of different people Is such a __50__ between myself and others even possible ”Such are inqui ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ries that will continue to be thought about, as I have come to accept that they will remain a __51__. Therefore, with the allowance of these questions, the response must be a __52__ in the definition of “oneself.” The previously mentioned questions no longer concern me, as I have put a stop to the idea that the “real” me is some lost isolated island atop an ocean of influence.I realized that my p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ersonality cannot depend on a(n) __53__ between influence and individualism, as such is a line that cannot be distinct. __54__, I must be a person whose composure is a beautifully hazy mixture, and a steady question. Thus, it is the commonly unnoticed durable mystery that is the frustration of those who can __55__ the lie of individualism. Hopefully, they will come to acceptance.41. A. unpredictable B. untrustworthy C. unreliable D. undeniable42. A. neces ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sity B. characteristic C. mark D. model43. A. later B. formerly C. extremely D. publicly44. A. destroying ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B. appreciating C. chasing D. escaping45. A. though B. if C. since D. whereas46. A. conflict B. tension C. interaction D. compromise47. A. common B. rare C. frequent D. strange48. A. right B. justified C. unclear D. false49. A. affected B. interrupted C. obsessed D. surprised50. A. separ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ation B. combination C. contrast D. communication51. A. secret B. mystery C. truth D. fantasy52. A.gap B. belief C. factor D. change53. A. distinction B. connection C. exchange D. medium54. A. Therefore B. However C. Instead D. Furthermore55. A. break up B. make up C. cope with D. see through 21. from 22. as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) if 23. that 24. might/may 25. ourselves 26. the strongest 27. which 28. to come 29. why 30. will be crashing/will crash31-40 DAFBC JIKGH41-55 DABDA CBDCA BDACD温故知新Someone called me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )up at midnight, but they hung up ________ I could answer the phone.
A. as B. since C. until D. before________, I have n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ever seen anyone who’s as capable as John.
A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so much
C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so muchHe was about ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to tell me the secret ________ someone patted him on the shoulder.
A. as B. until C. while D. whenHe had just opened the door ________ he hit me. A. then B. as C. when D. the momentTime is up. All of you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have to hand in your papers ________ you are not finished. A. even if B. in spite of that C. despite D. however________ anyone call me, please tell him to wait a moment. A. Should B. If C. For D. As long asAlmost every m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atter, ________ it is a gas, a liquid or a solid, expands with the temperature rising.A. whether B. even if C. whenever D. no matter________ wrong he does to me, I have faith in our friendship.A. However B. Whatever C. Although D. In spite ofIt was the first Na ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tional Day ________ they happened to meet each other again in the crowd admiring the colored lanterns.A. that B. when C. before D. in whichThe small gre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )enish flowers of the American elm tree appear in the spring, ________.A. long before the leaves grow B. it is grown long before the leavesC. the leaves ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) before growing long D. the growth of leaves before long is ________ time goes by ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), the mobile has become essential part of every youngster’s life.A. When B. With C. As D. WhileScarcely had h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e jumped out through the window ________ this semi-detached house exploded into the air.A. when B. than C. before D. afterA prisoner escaped f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rom the work camp last night. It was about ten hours ________ the guards discovered what had happened.A. after B. since C. until D. beforeHe took a wrong bus, _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______ he was a full hour late on the first day he went to work.A. on condition that B. which C. that D. for fear thatWhat has happened ________ all the audience look so excited A. thus B. in order that C. so as to D. thatThey were suc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h excellent sons and daughters of the motherland ________ the people all hold them in great respect.A. that B. when C. so that D. whomThe old man sl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ipped on the stairs and fell down, ________ breaking his left leg.A. so B. thus C. therefore D. henceHe tiptoed into the bedroom ________ his wife should wake up.A. for fear that B. so that C. in order that D. seeing that________ human ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )beings depend to some extent on forest, every effort has to be made to preserve trees and wildlife.A. Unless B. As far as C. Though D. SinceAdvertising is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )distinguished from other forms of communication, ________ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.A. in order that B. so that C. in that D. in what________ things ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have changed a lot , why don’t you go back and have another try A. Due to B. Even if C. Now that D. Owing to that47. ________ the 18th century ________ man realized that the whole of the brain was involved in the workings of the mind. A. It was not until… that B. It is not until… when C. It is until…that D. It was not until… then48. The officer pun ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ished the boy just ________ he wanted to teach him a lesson.A. as B. for C. since D. because49. If only I ________ him earlier!A. met B. will C. meet D. had met50. The information will be useful to ________ takes over the job.A. no matter who B. anyone C. whoever D. whomever26~30 D C D C A 31~35 A A B B A 36~40 C A D C D41~45 A B A D C 46~50 C A D D C6. 虽然做志愿者意味着没有收入，但是就你从帮助别人中得到的满足而言，这工作还是很有价值 的。（in terms of）Though working as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a volunteer means you don’t get paid, the work is of great value in terms of the satisfaction you get from helping others. 7. 当我成时，我父母除了给我更多责任外，也给了我更多自由。（responsibilities）When I came of age ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/ became an adult, my parents gave me more freedom along with / besides more responsibilities.8. 如果他开不起玩笑，那么意味着别人开他玩笑时他会生气。（joke）If he can’t tak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a joke, it means that he gets annoyed / he is offended when others make a joke about him. 9. 汤姆付完账单后，可开支的钱所剩无几。（disposable）After Tom paid / settl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed all his bills, he did not have much disposable money left.10. 如果你能领会老师给的有关即将来临的测验的暗示，你肯定能考出好成绩。（hints）If you can tak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e the hints given by your teacher about the upcoming / approaching test, you will for sure get good marks / for certain ace it. Reading (A)If Only Having worked at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a 7-Eleven store for two years, I thought I had become successful at what our manager calls “customer relations.” I firmly believed that a friendly smile and an automatic “sir,” “ma’am” and “thank you” would see me through any situation that might arise, from comforting impatient or unpleasant people to apologizing for giving out the wrong change. But the other night an old woman broke my belief that a simple and plain response could smooth over the rough spots of dealing with other human beings. The moment she entere ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d, the woman presented a sharp contrast to our shiny store with its bright lighting and neatly arranged shelves. Walking as if each step were painful, she slowly pushed open the glass door and hobbled down the nearest aisle. She coughed dryly, wheezing (气喘吁吁) with each breath. On a forty-degree night, she was wearing only a faded dress, a thin sweater too small to button, and black slippers with the backs cut out to expose calloused (满是老茧的) heels, below which there were no stockings or socks.After wandering arou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd the store for several minutes, the old woman stopped in front of the rows of canned vegetables. She picked up a can of com and stared with a strange intensity at the label. At that point, I decided to be a good, polite employee and asked her if she needed help. As I stood close to her, my smile became harder to maintain; her red-rimmed (眼眶发红的) eyes were partially closed by yellowish crusts (痂); her hands were covered with layer upon layer of dirt, and the stale smell of sweat rose from clothes.“I need some food,” sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e muttered in reply to my bright “Can I help you ”“Are you looking for corn, ma’am ”“I need some food,” she repeated. “Any kind.”“Well, the corn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is ninety-five cents,” I said in my most helpful voice. “Or, if you like, we have a special on bread today.”For a second, I was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tempted to say, “Take the com.” But the employee rules flooded into my mind: Remain polite, but do not let customers get the best of you. Let them know that you are in control. For a moment, I even entertained the idea that this was some sort of test, and that this woman was someone from the head office, testing my loyalty. I responded dutifully, “I’m sorry, ma’am, but I can’t give away anything for free.”The old woman ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s face collapsed a bit more, if that were possible, and her hands trembled as she put the can back on the shelf. She shuffled (拖着脚走) past me toward the door, her torn and dirty clothing barely covering her bent back.Moments after she left ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), I rushed out the door with the can of corn, but she was nowhere in sight. For the rest of my shift, the image of the woman haunted me. I had been young, healthy, and proud. She had been old, sick, and desperate. Wishing with all my heart that I had acted like a human being rather than a robot, I was saddened to realize how weak a hold we have on our better nature.56. How did ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the writer feel about his job at 7-Eleven before the old woman came A. He was relatively satisfied with his service manner. B. He found room for improvement in developing customer relations. C. He considered hims ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elf successful in dealing with all interpersonal relations. D. He thoug ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ht himself experienced after working in the store for two years.57. The detailed account of the old woman is intended to show ______. A. how she presented a sharp contrast to the shiny store B. how sick, poor and desperate for help she was C. how she came to the store for shelter from the bitter cold D. how inappropriate it was for her to enter a place like this 58. What’s the meaning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of the phrase “get the best of” according to the passage A. To make the most of. B. To bring out the best of. C. To win an advantage over. D. To bring into full play. 59. The title “If Only” can be best interpreted as “______.” A. if only I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )had been born into a rich family and started my own business B. if only I we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re the old lady who had experienced the ups and downs in life C. if only I had ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )treated the old lady in a more polite and respectful manner D. if only I h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad followed my heart to deliver timely help to the poor lady(B)TODAY’S UPDATE MARCH 14th , 16 PhD Positions: Imaging Cellular Processes and Disease ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )IMPRS Molecular Biomedicine, MPI for Molecular BiomedicineMuenster, Germany 11 days ago We offer 16 fu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly financed PhD positions.More positions financed by work contracts may be offered depending on availability. Excellent scientific and transferable skills trainings, competitive work contracts or tax-free fellowships as well as support with administrative matters, accommodation, and visas are part of the program. There are no tuition fees. The program language is English. We invite highly qualified, greatly motivated and highly cooperative applicants of any nationality from biological sciences, chemistry, mathematics, computer sciences and physics. We are looking forward to your application for a PhD position in Münster. Your application will be accepted any time in official hours.For online application and further information go tohttp://21世纪教育网cim-imprs.de ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). Contact: cim-imprs@uni-muenster.de ( mailto:cim-imprs@uni-muenster.de )________________________________________________________________________________ Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )Fudan University Shanghai, China 3 days ago ISTBI an independent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )institution of Fudan University launched in March 2015. We are now recruiting Chair Professor, Senior Research Fellow, Associate Research Fellow and Postdoctoral Position. The successful candidate will be expected to establish a competitive research department with international leadership, to contribute significantly to common technology platforms, to attract extra-mural funds and to teach Brain-Inspired Intelligence. Cooperation and coordination is part of the requirement for this position. Applications should be submitted via email at the address given below, with the subject line containing the position applied for. Applicants are expected to submit materials within two weeks from the date of post.Please submit your application via email to:Ms. Yun Lv, HR Secretary E-mail: istbi@fudan. ( mailto:istbi@fudan. ) Phone: +86-21-6564-8171___________________________________________________________________________________________Postdoctoral Research Fellow, DNA Mutation Research ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle, United States 9 days ago Deadline: April 8th , We are recruiting a highly motivated PhD-level scientist to carry out fundamental DNA repair and mutation research, investigate the mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, and promote the translation, development and implementation of DNA-based biomarkers. We would especially like to encounter candidates with relevant training background, and the ability to work independently as well as in collaborative research efforts. A strong background in cell biology or molecular biology is highly desirable. Excellent verbal and written English communication skills are required. Interested applicants should submit: 1) cover letter summarizing your research interest; 2) CV; and 3) list of 3 references. Paper-based submissions are not acceptable. For more information, please visit our website at http://21世纪教育网fredhutch.org/en.html ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ).___________________________________________________________________________________________60. Who might ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be most interested in reading these pieces of information A. PhD candidates majoring in human science. B. University presidents who are recruiting researching faculty. C. Biological scientists who are hunting for a job. D. Senior researchers focusing on DNA related diseases.61. If one is looki ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng for a tuition-free training program, which post(s) will most probably catch his eye A. 16 PhD Positions: Imaging Cellular Processes and Disease ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) B. Senior Research Fellow, ISTBI C. Postdoctoral Research Fellow, DNA Mutation Research ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) D. Both A and C. 62. Which of the following is true according to the passage A. A good c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ommand of written and oral English skills is a must for all positions listed.B. Submissions for Po ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stdoctoral Research Fellow at Fred Hutchinson can be accepted both online and offline.C. All applications ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are still available for those who view the page one week later. D. Some inst ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )itutions put more value on personal ability than team spirit. (C)Don’t always believ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e what scientists and other authorities tell you! Be skeptical! Think critically! That’s what I tell my students. Early in my career, I was a conventional science writer, easily impressed by scientists’ claims. But doubt gradually weakened my faith. Scientists and journalists, I realized, by continuously boasting scientific “advances”—from theories of cosmic (宇宙的) creation and the origin of life to the latest treatments for depression and cancer, made science seem more powerful and fast-moving than it really is. Now, I urge my students to doubt the claims of some scientists. This isn’t science anymore; I declare in class, it’s only science fiction with equations! To drive this point home, I assign articles by John Ioannidis, an epidemiologist who has exposed the weakness of most peer-reviewed research. In a 2005 study, he concluded that “most published research findings are false.”So how do my students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )respond to my skeptical teaching Some react with healthy pushback, especially to my suggestion that the era of really big scientific discoveries might be over. “On a scale from toddler knowledge to ultimate enlightenment, man’s understanding of the universe could be anywhere,” wrote a student named Matt. “How can a person say with certainty that everything is known or close to being known if it is incomparable to anything ”Other students embra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce skepticism to a degree that shocks me. Cecelia, a biomedical-engineering major, wrote: “I am skeptical of the methods used to collect data on climate change, the analysis of this data, and the predictions made based on this data.” Pondering (思索) the lesson that correlation does not equal causation, Steve questioned the foundations of scientific reasoning. “How do we know there is a cause for anything ” he asked.In a similar wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y, some students echoed the claim of radical (激进的) postmodernists that we can never really know anything for certain, and hence that almost all our current theories will probably be overturned. Just as Aristotle’s physics gave way to Newton’s, which in turn yielded to Einstein’s, so our current theories of physics will surely be replaced by completely different ones. After one especi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ally harsh paper, I responded, “Whoa!”Science, I lectured sternly, has established many facts about reality beyond a reasonable doubt, embodied by quantum mechanics, general relativity, the theory of evolution, the genetic code. This knowledge has yielded applications—from vaccines to computer chips—that have transformed our world in countless ways. It is precisely because science is such a powerful mode of knowledge, I said, that you must treat new pronouncements skeptically, carefully distinguishing the genuine from the false. But you shouldn’t be so skeptical that you deny the possibility of achieving any knowledge at all. My students listened ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) politely, but I could see the doubt in their eyes. We professors have a duty to teach our students to be skeptical. But we also have to accept that, if we do our jobs well, their skepticism may turn on us.63. Why was the author’s faith in science weakened A. Because som ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e essays from his peer scholars cast strong doubt on science. B. Because sci ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )entists often presented an overly optimistic picture of science. C. Because he was tir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed of reading too many science fictions with equations. D. Because an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) academic figure claimed that most published research findings were false.64. Which of the f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ollowing was NOT one of the students’ responses to the author’s skeptical teaching A. Some doubted hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s suggestion of the limitation of scientific discoveries. B. Some questioned t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he way of data collecting and scientific reasoning. C. Some lau ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nched harsh criticism against the author’s advocacy of skepticism. D. Some claimed there was no certainty for any established theory.65. What did the author think of students’ responses A. He considered them as a display of their creativity. B. He viewe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d them a must in order to understand the spirit of science. C. He treated them as an extreme application of skepticism. D. He regarded them ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as a kind of respect paid by students to their teacher.66. Which might be the best title for this article A. When Teaching Critical Thinking Backfires B. Skepticism Makes Teaching More Fun C. No Doubt, No Science D. Students Turn Out Better Than Teacher Section C (每题2分，共8分)A. Some people ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging.B. The opport ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )unity cost refers to the alternative use of your time and cash.C. Consider that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )most famous economic rule of all: there’s no such thing as a free lunch.D. However, another is fast obtaining an advantage: “value for time.”E. Each of these ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) options has a different opportunity cost—namely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.F. On the other hand ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), forgone opportunities will enable you to seize better ones.However wealthy we ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someone’s time or money could be better spent on something else.Every hour of our ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. ____67____Say you intend ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends For economists, e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )very decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo—in terms of money and enjoyment—in order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. ____68____ Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.____69____ Imagi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense it’s human nature to do precisely that—we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.In the busin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ess world, a popular phrase is “value for money.” People want their cash to go as far as possible. ____70____ The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions.V. Translation (3+3+4+5，共15分)Directions: Tran ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )slate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brakes.72. 没什么比在周末的下午读一本英文原著更吸引我的了。(appeal)73. 美国人强调效率、竞争和独创性，而中国人则将严谨规划放在首位，鼓励团队成员之间的密切合作和无私奉献。(priority)74. 唐朝是中国历史上最强盛的朝代之一，也正是在这一时期中国古典文学在诗歌领域取得了杰出的成就。(it)75. 据报道，今中国快递服务(cour ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ier service)将递送大约120亿件包裹，这将使中国有可能赶超美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。(possible)56-59 ABCD 60-62 CAC 63-66 BCCA 67-70 ECAD72. Nothing appeals ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to me more than reading an original English book/an English book in its original language on a weekend afternoon/on weekend afternoons.73. American peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le emphasize efficiency, competition and originality, while Chinese people give priority to careful planning and encourage close cooperation among team members and selfless/altruistic dedication/devotion. 74. The Tang Dynast ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y is one of the most prosperous dynasties in Chinese history, and it was during this period that Chinese classical literature made outstanding achievements in poetry.75. It is reporte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d that China’s courier service will deliver about 12 billion parcels this year, which will make it possible for China to overtake the United States as the world’s largest courier market.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
备战2022年上海高考英语二轮复习精品讲义第20讲 一轮综合复习（五） 学生版
教学内容
进门小练笔Unit Five Adverbial ClauseMultiple Choices:________ I washed the vegetables, he chopped the meat.A. While B. As C. When D. OnceThis equipmen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t is so old ________ it can’t be used any more ________ some of its parts are changed.
A. as; unless B. that; unless C. that; if D. whether; orPlease speak cl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )early ________ we can follow you.
A. so…that B. so C. so as to D. so that________ you h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave made a decision, don’t change it frequently.
A. Once B. Before C. While D. Even ifHe used to tell child ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ren the story ________ he had had the experience.
A. as though B. even if C. just as D. like________, he knows ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) how to live and study.
A. A child as he is B. Where ever C. Child as he is D. Though he is childWe found people frien ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dly ________ we went.
A. to which B. in which C. wherever D. to where________ the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) weather is fine, I’ll open all the windows.
A. Now that B. Since that C. Because of D. ForIt was ________ he c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ouldn’t finish it by himself.
A. so difficult a work as B. such a difficult work as
C. so difficult work as D. such difficult work that________ I kn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow, this book will be used as a text book.
A. So far as B. So far C. So long as D. As to________ you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )talk to someone or write a message, you show your skills to others.
A. At times B. Every time C. By the time D. Some timeYou should run the mac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hine ________ the workers have shown you.
A. as B. in the way C. as if D. just like________ my mothe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r was too busy to do the housework, I took her place instead.
A. For B. Even though C. Or D. WheneverWounded ________ he was, he refused to come back from the front.
A. however B. though C. although D. likeJust as most pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ants need sunlight, ________ we need food.
A. so B. when C. as D. forYou will be late ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________ you leave immediately.
A. unless B. otherwise C. as long as D. or else－What was the party like －Wonderful. It w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as years ________ I had enjoyed myself so much.
A. after B. before C. when D. sinceMother was worried ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )because little Alice was ill, especially ________ Father was away in France.
A. as B. that C. during D. if________ you have seen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) both fighters, ________ will win
A. Since; do you think who B. As; who you think
C. When; whoever D. Since; who do you thinkIf we work w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ith a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ________ great it is.
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever________ the poe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you.
A. Your having read B. While reading C. If reading D. When you readI thought her nice and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) honest ________ I met her.
A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first timeYou should ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke it a rule to leave things ________ you can find them again.
A. when B. where C. then D. thereI shall stay ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the hotel all day ________ there is news of the missing child.
A. in case B. no matter C. in any case D. in fearThe WTO cannot live u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p to its name ________ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.
A. as long as B. while C. only if D. even thoughTranslation除非我们保持快速的经济增长，否则我们无法缩小我国与发达国家的差距。（maintain）2. 虽然他已制订了不玩游戏的目标，我想他很难改掉这个坏习惯，因为他打网络游戏有瘾。（obsessively）3. 只要目的明确、努力工作，你所做的贡献迟早会得到承认。（recognize）4. 虽然目标未达到，但是一个良好的基础已经奠定，因为能源节约问题受到前所未有的关注。（unprecedented）5. 为了迎合公众的需求，室内体育馆将在老房子被拆迁掉的地方新建。（the public）课堂导入纽约邮报 | 今天仍有约六分之一的美国儿童吃不饱 -12-20The economy i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s growing, but not all Americans are reaping the benefits — and many are still living in hunger.One in 10 adults ( ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nearly 15 million people) and one in six children in the US have gone to bed hungry at some point in the past 3 years, according to a report from anti-hunger nonprofit Hunger Free America released Wednesday.Nearly 8 perc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent of older Americans (adults 60 years and older) lived in “food insecure” households during the same time period. One in 10 seniors age 60 and older rely on food stamps, a previous study from Food and Research Action Center concluded.The Hunger F ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ree America report examined hunger in America between the years of 2014 and , when the economy was “still booming,” Joel Berg, chief executive officer of Hunger Free America said, and found that hunger rates have yet to return to pre-recession levels.“We can only imagin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e how much more suffering there will be when the next inevitable recession or depression occurs if we don’t fix the structural flaws in our economy and safety net that cause such mass hunger before then,” Berg said.The Farm Bill d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eal passed on Nov. 29 included continued support for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits funding, despite an original Republican push to create stricter work requirements for these.But more funding ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is needed for hungry Americans to reach parity with those who aren’t struggling, the report found. Food insecure Ame ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ricans would need $21.5 billion in additional food purchasing power each year to meet their basic food needs, it added.精讲精练(知识点一：词汇、短语积累)语言与学习类培养 cultivate (v.)/ foster (v.)/ nurture (v.)促进（某种发展） promote (v.)/ facilitate (v.)/ contribute to 身体的发育 physical growth 智力的发展 brain develop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ment/ cognitive development/ intellectual development心理的发展 emotional development心理健康 psychological well-being/ emotional health职业教育 vocational education只有男生或女生的学校 single-sex school通才 generalist (n.)专才 specialist (n.)全面发展的 well-rounded (adj.)/ versatile (adj.)学校里面各门功课的总称 curriculum理论知识 theoretical knowledge广泛的 a wide range of .../ a wide variety of .../ a wide array of ...提供灵感 provide inspiration for sb./sth.通过实验或者实践学到的知识 empirical knowledge正面的榜样 a positive role model 辛劳的任务 an arduous task/ a painstaking task传授知识（或技能） impart knowledge (or skills) to students对某种技能掌握得非常熟练的 be proficient (adj.) in sth./ be adept at sth. 实践技能 practical skills/ hands-on skills就业技能 job skills/ employment skills 刚毕业的学生 fresh graduates很专业的知识与技能 highly specialized knowledge and skills/ expertise (n.)灌输（某种观念） instil ... into students给学生动力 give th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e students motivation to do sth./ motive the students to do sth.竞争非常激烈 competitive 竞争优势 a competitive advantage在理解的基础上学习 learn things through understanding尊重学生的个性 respe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ct students’ individuality/ respect individual differences in the classroom应用 apply (v.)/ application (n.)结合 combine (v.)/ integrate (v.)/ incorporate (v.)独立思考 think independently鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题 encourage the students to think critically激发（兴趣、想象力等）kindle (v.)/ spark (v.)/ stimulate (v.) 学生们对老师所教知识的掌握 students’ grasp (or command) of what has been taught死记硬背 learn sth. by rote用填鸭式教法教学生 force-feed the students 打击学生们的积极性 dampen the students’ enthusiasm/ frustrate the students限制孩子们创造力的发展 extinguish (or constrain) children’s creativity学生不应该只是被动接受知识的容器。 S ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudents should not be treated as passive receptacles of predigested ideas.能够很好地适应社会生活的人 a well-adjusted individual人际交往能力，沟通能力 interpersonal skills/ communication skills善于社交的 sociable/ gregarious正直的品格 integrity (n.)/ uprightness 积极的人生观 a positive outlook on life/ a positive attitude towards life社会的有用成员 a valuable member of society毅力，顽强的意志 perseverance (n.)/ willpower 一种可以通用的语言 a lingua franca/ a universal language/ a global language英语的广泛应用 the widespread ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) use of English/ the extensive use of English/ the proliferation of English双语的 bilingual (adj.)方言 dialect (n.)/ vernacular (n.)小语种的消亡 the extinction (or the demise) of lesser-known language(知识点二：写作、翻译基本句型积累)请用一个具体实例谈谈你对“教育无期限”（ Education is an unlimited term.）的理解或感受。范文点评： Nowadays with ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our society developing, more and more adults turn to night school to instill in themselves more knowledge of various kinds, thus living up to the quotation “Education is an unlimited term.” My grandfathe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r is an energetic old man in his eighties．He goes to the library almost every week and immerses himself in the sea of books and knowledge, by which he has obtained the happiness of learning. In his spare time, he can’t stand just sitting still in the wheelchair and idling his time away. Instead, reading newspapers and writing poems are his hobbies, thus sharpening his insight and wisdom. From the cas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e of my grandfather, the true meaning of education steps out in front of me. As an old saying goes, “Never too old to learn.” Only through lifelong learning can we keep pace with the progress of the world, for knowledge is changing with the times and new knowledge emerges with the leaps and bounds of development. Old as a person may be, he can be active in learning as long as he has a passion for knowledge and understands the virtues of studying. Life is like the sea while education resembles the boat. By rowing the boat continuously, we can have a taste of the happiness of the life voyage.Education is an infin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ite period of time that stretches to the end of our lives. In no case should we stop learning as long as we are breathing. At last, we must keep in mind that education brings us knowledge which fits in all walks of life, that education gives birth to new ideas and that the long lasting education truly stands for the significance of our life. 好词好句：1. Nowadays with o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur society developing, more and more adults turn to night school to instill in themselves more knowledge of various kinds, thus living up to the quotation “Education is an unlimited term.”instill sth. in sb./ one’s mind的意义为“将某事灌输给某人”; live up to的意义为“符合”。2. Education is an in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )finite period of time that stretches to the end of our lives.stretch to的意义为“延伸至”。3. In no case should we stop learning as long as we are breathing.in no case的意义为“绝不”，放在句首，句子应部分倒装。表达训练：运用所给出的关键词，用恰当的英语表达下列句子的意思。(1) 教育绝对不是有期限的。（ by no means）(2) 我相信通过不断学习，你一定会享受更好的生活。（ by doing）(3) 教育塑造我们积极的人生观，并拓宽我们的视野。（ shape）(知识点三：阅读拓展)（A） A scie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntist working at her lab bench and a six month old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing ... right Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists (心理学家) have argued that this “play” is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground—and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact (相互作用): bowls of rice do not float in mid air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim (to learn about the natural world),overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected ). Some psychologists ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.Viewing child ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world—is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution (进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, “It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”50. According to some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )developmental psychologists, __________________________.A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a gameB. scientific research into babies’ games is possibleC. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigatedD. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment51. We learn from Paragraph 2 that __________________________.A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differentlyB. scientists and babies often interact with each otherC. babies are born with the knowledge of object supportD. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do52. Children ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )may learn the rules of language by __________________________.A. exploring the physical worldB. investigating human psychologyC. repeating their own experimentsD. observing their parents’ behaviors53. What is the main idea of the last paragraph A. The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.B. Studying babies’ p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lay may lead to a better understanding of science.C. Children may hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e greater ability to figure out things than scientists.D. One’s dri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.54. What is the a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uthor’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’ play A. Convincing. B. Confused. C. Confident. D. Cautious.（B） Peopl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e attach the label “genius” ___1___ such diverse characters as Leonardo Da Vinci, Bobby Fischer and Toni Morrison. The varied achievements of such individuals beg the question: ___2___ defines a genius People have long-equated genius with intelligence, ___3___ it is more aptly characterized by creative productivity. Such exceptional output depends on ___4___ combination of genetics, opportunity and effort. ___5___ can be called out for outstanding contributions to a field without a lot of hard work, but progress is faster ___6___ you are born with the right skills. Personality also plays a role. If you are very open to new experiences and if you have psychopathic traits (yes, as in those shared by serial killers) such as being aggressive and emotionally tough, you are more likely ___7___ (consider) a genius.To make the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )contributions ___8___ they are known, all geniuses depend on the same general process. It starts with an unrestrained search for ideas without foresight into their utility. This hunt takes a creator down many dead-end roads, causing him or her to backtrack and start over. This trial-and-error process eventually leads to a solution that works. For anyone who has engaged in a project for which progress is hard to measure or that ___9___ (seem) to stall (拖延), this theory is encouraging. When a problem or endeavor is difficult, we should probably not expect our research to proceed in a linear (直线的) fashion. The many seemingly wasted hours ___10___ (explore) roads that lead nowhere may really be necessary to find an effective and innovative solution.（C）In a time of l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. __1__, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, __2__ little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were __3__ various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed “to give children a good start __4__” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. __5__, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a __6__. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read __7__ by their parents. In the recent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__8__ of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented (强调个性发展的) Americans __9__ group experience as one of their top three choices. A(n) __10__ on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education. Like in Ameri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ca, there is __11__ in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have __12__ aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are __13__ universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of __14__ being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have __15__ free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.A. Instead B. However C. Furthermore D. MeanwhileA. surprisingly B. primarily C. strangely D. expectedlyA. criticized for B. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) associated with C. devoted to D. asked aboutA. mentally B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). physically C. academically D. financiallyA. Beyond descrip ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion B. Out of curiosity C. After all D. In contrastA. society B. family C. group D. classA. at home B. by law C. when needed D. with patienceA. consideration B. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) comparison C. prediction D. examinationA. doubted B. defined C. pretended D. listedA. emphasis B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). agreement C. compliment D. congratulationA. difference B. diversity C. evidence D. setbackA. specific B. far-reaching C. important D. favorableA. focused on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. combined with C. attached to D. separated fromA. happily B. quickly C. luckily D. eventuallyA. introduced B. invented C. borrowed D. displayed（D）VocabularyA. wide B. defending C. individuals D. weakens E. signs F. missed G. expanding ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) H. experience I. subjects J. form K. extraNew research su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ggests that speaking more than one language may delay different kinds of dementia (痴呆),which is the loss of mental ability. In fact, researchers say, speaking two languages appears to be more important than the level of education in __1__ against dementia.A study in India ex ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )amined the effect of knowing more than one language on delaying the first __2__ of several disorders. Researchers studied nearly 650 people whose average age was 66. And 240 of those studied suffered from Alzheimer’s disease, the most common __3__ of mental decline. 391 of the __4__ spoke two or more languages. Investigators found dementia began about four and a half years later in those who were bilingual compared to those who spoke only one language. Thomas Bak helped to o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rganize the study. He is with the Center of Cognitive Aging at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. He suggests that __5__ who speak more than one language train their brains by moving back and forth between different words and expressions.Mr. Bak believe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s this effort improves what scientists called executive functioning or attention to tasks, and that this mental ability often __6__ in people with dementia. Researchers found the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re was no __7__ gain in speaking more than two languages. They also did not see a delay at the first signs of dementia with Lewy bodies, and the disorder causes patients to see or __8__ things that do not really exist. It can also cause sufferers to move back and forth between being __9__ awake and really sleeping.Mr. Bak says ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it does not appear important whether you learn a language at a young age or later in life. "So it’s not som ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ething you sort of say that you __10__ the boat when you do not do it as a baby. It is something that is still quite useful and powerful when you do it as an adult," he said.当堂检测Grammar Go back t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o a time where you felt inseparable (21)______ your emotions. What was the trigger Did your boss pick and pry at you to get your work done faster Did your in-laws say something to you that really pissed you off There are thousands of triggers that can hit us at any given moment, where we wish we could just let it roll off our shoulders and move on with our days (22)______ ______ nothing happened. Unfortunately, that is an unrealistic expectation. Just as unrealistic as the thought (23)______ life could ever be perfect. Pessimistic as it (24)______ sound, but it is the truth. The acknowledgement of this imperfect life at the end of the day is not as important, as how we handle the triggers that cause negative emotions and make life not so ideal all the time.As we grow older, wis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er, and strap more experiences onto our belts, it’s easy to expect more out of (25)______ than what we really should. It’s okay to strive to be (26)______ (strong) person that you can possibly be emotionally and of course physically.But don’t forget tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t we are humans; the invisible armor we wear around cannot protect us from everything (27)______ life can hit us with. We can try to prepare ourselves for even the worst, but no one can gaze into a crystal ball and know exactly what negative occurrence has yet (28)______ (come).That is (29)______ everybody needs a mechanism to release the weight on their shoulders. Personally, I was definitely guilty of believing I had that impenetrable armor, but as much as I didn’t want to admit it to myself, each frustration began seeding one after another in my mind. Trust me if you don’t find that effective coping mechanism for yourself, then before you know it a thousand pounds (30)______ (crash) down on your shoulders and everything will just seem unbearable.Vocabulary A. alarming B. normal C. roughly D. expand E. restored F. contributing G. damaged H. exactly I. sweep J. doubt K. recoverySea ice off Antarctica ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and in the Arctic is at record lows for this time of year after declining by twice the size of Alaska in a sign of rising global temperatures, climate scientists say.Against a trend ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of global warming and a steady retreat of ice at earth’s northern tip, ice floating on the Southern Ocean off Antarctica has tended to __31__ in recent years.But now it is shrinki ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng at both ends of the planet, a development __32__ scientists and to which a build-up of man-made greenhouse gases, an El Nino weather event that this year unlocked heat from the Pacific Ocean and freak natural swings may all be __33__.“There are some r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eally crazy things going on,” said Mark Serreze, director of the U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) in Boulder, Colorado, saying temperatures in parts of the Arctic were 20 degrees Celsius (36°F) above __34__ some days in November. Worldwide, this year is on track to be the warmest on bined, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e extent of polar sea ice on Dec. 4 was about 3.84 million square kilometers (1.48 million square miles) below the 1981-2010 average, according to NSIDC satellite measurements. That is __35__ the size of India, or two Alaskas.Antarctica’s expand ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing sea ice in many recent years has been a big theme for those who __36__ global warming is man-made.John Turner of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the British Antarctic Survey said chilly westerly winds that __37__ around the continent, perhaps insulating it from the effects of global warming, were the weakest for November in two decades. That may have let more heat seep (热渗透) south, he said.A __38__ of the high-a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ltitude ozone layer over Antarctica, which led to cooler air over the continent when it was __39__ by now-banned industrial chemicals, may also be a factor. But Turner said it was hard to pinpoint __40__ what was happening. “When we began getting satellite data from 1979 the sea ice started to decrease. Everyone said it was global warming ... but then it started to increase again,” he said.Cloze Can Anyone Truly Be An Individual The constant w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orking engine that drives the majority of human action is, undoubtedly, the fragrant dream of individualism. And while the presence of its scent is __41__ throughout the worlds entirely, its value is worshiped to such an extent in a land no other than that of America.As the framew ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ork of its history, America holds individuality as the ever-popular green light, the essence of which becomes the symbol of hope for, well, almost everything. In fact, in America’s current social status, individuality has become something of a birthright, and a __42__ plastered upon the face of the media, where it was __43__ valued as the American dream. There is no denying the prevalence of this idol in American society, and little hope for __44__ it.However, __45__ most pride themselves in their individualistic state, perhaps humans, when stripped (剥) to their core, are everything but.It is no new di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )scovery that people are the sum of their experiences. The overwhelming majority of human experience involves other humans, along with the __46__ and relationships between them. It is a __47__ occurrence when a life is built upon events without this stimulus. Indeed, interaction is the core of experience. Therefore, in order that humans are the sum of their experiences, they must be the sum of the people that they meet, just as well.As an Americani ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )zed teen, I found the discovery that not only my self-entitled individualism was __48__, but that I, as a being, was a product, increasingly unsettling to accept. Questions __49__ me such as “If I am bits and pieces of everyone I have met—my family, my teachers, all of my friends, and even strangers—then what is left that is just me What part of me is just me How much of myself is the stitching together of different parts of different people Is such a __50__ between myself and others even possible ”Such are inquir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ies that will continue to be thought about, as I have come to accept that they will remain a __51__. Therefore, with the allowance of these questions, the response must be a __52__ in the definition of “oneself.” The previously mentioned questions no longer concern me, as I have put a stop to the idea that the “real” me is some lost isolated island atop an ocean of influence.I realized that my p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ersonality cannot depend on a(n) __53__ between influence and individualism, as such is a line that cannot be distinct. __54__, I must be a person whose composure is a beautifully hazy mixture, and a steady question. Thus, it is the commonly unnoticed durable mystery that is the frustration of those who can __55__ the lie of individualism. Hopefully, they will come to acceptance.41. A. unpredictable B. untrustworthy C. unreliable D. undeniable42. A. necessi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ty B. characteristic C. mark D. model43. A. later B. formerly C. extremely D. publicly44. A. destroyin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g B. appreciating C. chasing D. escaping45. A. though B. if C. since D. whereas46. A. conflict B. tension C. interaction D. compromise47. A. common B. rare C. frequent D. strange48. A. right B. justified C. unclear D. false49. A. affected B. interrupted C. obsessed D. surprised50. A. separat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion B. combination C. contrast D. communication51. A. secret B. mystery C. truth D. fantasy52. A.gap B. belief C. factor D. change53. A. distinction B. connection C. exchange D. medium54. A. Therefore B. However C. Instead D. Furthermore55. A. break up B. make up C. cope with D. see through 温故知新Someone called me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )up at midnight, but they hung up ________ I could answer the phone.
A. as B. since C. until D. before________, I hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.
A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so much
C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so muchHe was about to tell m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e the secret ________ someone patted him on the shoulder.
A. as B. until C. while D. whenHe had just opened the door ________ he hit me. A. then B. as C. when D. the momentTime is up. All of you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have to hand in your papers ________ you are not finished. A. even if B. in spite of that C. despite D. however________ anyone call me, please tell him to wait a moment. A. Should B. If C. For D. As long asAlmost every ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) matter, ________ it is a gas, a liquid or a solid, expands with the temperature rising.A. whether B. even if C. whenever D. no matter________ wrong he does to me, I have faith in our friendship.A. However B. Whatever C. Although D. In spite ofIt was the first N ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ational Day ________ they happened to meet each other again in the crowd admiring the colored lanterns.A. that B. when C. before D. in whichThe small greenish flo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wers of the American elm tree appear in the spring, ________.A. long before the leaves grow B. it is grown long before the leavesC. the leaves bef ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ore growing long D. the growth of leaves before long is ________ time goes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )by, the mobile has become essential part of every youngster’s life.A. When B. With C. As D. WhileScarcely had he jumped ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) out through the window ________ this semi-detached house exploded into the air.A. when B. than C. before D. afterA prisoner escaped f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rom the work camp last night. It was about ten hours ________ the guards discovered what had happened.A. after B. since C. until D. beforeHe took a wrong bus, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________ he was a full hour late on the first day he went to work.A. on condition that B. which C. that D. for fear thatWhat has happened ________ all the audience look so excited A. thus B. in order that C. so as to D. thatThey were such ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) excellent sons and daughters of the motherland ________ the people all hold them in great respect.A. that B. when C. so that D. whomThe old man ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )slipped on the stairs and fell down, ________ breaking his left leg.A. so B. thus C. therefore D. henceHe tiptoed into the bedroom ________ his wife should wake up.A. for fear that B. so that C. in order that D. seeing that________ human bein ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gs depend to some extent on forest, every effort has to be made to preserve trees and wildlife.A. Unless B. As far as C. Though D. SinceAdvertising i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s distinguished from other forms of communication, ________ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.A. in order that B. so that C. in that D. in what________ things ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have changed a lot , why don’t you go back and have another try A. Due to B. Even if C. Now that D. Owing to that47. ________ the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )18th century ________ man realized that the whole of the brain was involved in the workings of the mind. A. It was not until… that B. It is not until… when C. It is until…that D. It was not until… then48. The office ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r punished the boy just ________ he wanted to teach him a lesson.A. as B. for C. since D. because49. If only I ________ him earlier!A. met B. will C. meet D. had met50. The information will be useful to ________ takes over the job.A. no matter who B. anyone C. whoever D. whomever6. 虽然做志愿者意味着没有收入，但是就你从帮助别人中得到的满足而言，这工作还是很有价值 的。（in terms of）7. 当我成时，我父母除了给我更多责任外，也给了我更多自由。（responsibilities）8. 如果他开不起玩笑，那么意味着别人开他玩笑时他会生气。（joke）9. 汤姆付完账单后，可开支的钱所剩无几。（disposable）10. 如果你能领会老师给的有关即将来临的测验的暗示，你肯定能考出好成绩。（hints）Reading (A)If Only Having worked at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a 7-Eleven store for two years, I thought I had become successful at what our manager calls “customer relations.” I firmly believed that a friendly smile and an automatic “sir,” “ma’am” and “thank you” would see me through any situation that might arise, from comforting impatient or unpleasant people to apologizing for giving out the wrong change. But the other night an old woman broke my belief that a simple and plain response could smooth over the rough spots of dealing with other human beings. The moment sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e entered, the woman presented a sharp contrast to our shiny store with its bright lighting and neatly arranged shelves. Walking as if each step were painful, she slowly pushed open the glass door and hobbled down the nearest aisle. She coughed dryly, wheezing (气喘吁吁) with each breath. On a forty-degree night, she was wearing only a faded dress, a thin sweater too small to button, and black slippers with the backs cut out to expose calloused (满是老茧的) heels, below which there were no stockings or socks.After wandering ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) around the store for several minutes, the old woman stopped in front of the rows of canned vegetables. She picked up a can of com and stared with a strange intensity at the label. At that point, I decided to be a good, polite employee and asked her if she needed help. As I stood close to her, my smile became harder to maintain; her red-rimmed (眼眶发红的) eyes were partially closed by yellowish crusts (痂); her hands were covered with layer upon layer of dirt, and the stale smell of sweat rose from clothes.“I need some food,” sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e muttered in reply to my bright “Can I help you ”“Are you looking for corn, ma’am ”“I need some food,” she repeated. “Any kind.”“Well, the corn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is ninety-five cents,” I said in my most helpful voice. “Or, if you like, we have a special on bread today.”For a second, I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was tempted to say, “Take the com.” But the employee rules flooded into my mind: Remain polite, but do not let customers get the best of you. Let them know that you are in control. For a moment, I even entertained the idea that this was some sort of test, and that this woman was someone from the head office, testing my loyalty. I responded dutifully, “I’m sorry, ma’am, but I can’t give away anything for free.”The old woman’s face ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) collapsed a bit more, if that were possible, and her hands trembled as she put the can back on the shelf. She shuffled (拖着脚走) past me toward the door, her torn and dirty clothing barely covering her bent back.Moments after sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e left, I rushed out the door with the can of corn, but she was nowhere in sight. For the rest of my shift, the image of the woman haunted me. I had been young, healthy, and proud. She had been old, sick, and desperate. Wishing with all my heart that I had acted like a human being rather than a robot, I was saddened to realize how weak a hold we have on our better nature.56. How did the wri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter feel about his job at 7-Eleven before the old woman came A. He was relatively satisfied with his service manner. B. He found room for improvement in developing customer relations. C. He considered ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) himself successful in dealing with all interpersonal relations. D. He thought ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )himself experienced after working in the store for two years.57. The detailed account of the old woman is intended to show ______. A. how she presented a sharp contrast to the shiny store B. how sick, poor and desperate for help she was C. how she came to the store for shelter from the bitter cold D. how inappropriate it was for her to enter a place like this 58. What’s the meani ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng of the phrase “get the best of” according to the passage A. To make the most of. B. To bring out the best of. C. To win an advantage over. D. To bring into full play. 59. The title “If Only” can be best interpreted as “______.” A. if only I ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d been born into a rich family and started my own business B. if only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I were the old lady who had experienced the ups and downs in life C. if only I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) had treated the old lady in a more polite and respectful manner D. if only I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )had followed my heart to deliver timely help to the poor lady(B)TODAY’S UPDATE MARCH 14th , 16 PhD Positions: Imaging Cellular Processes and Disease ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )IMPRS Molecular Biomedicine, MPI for Molecular BiomedicineMuenster, Germany 11 days ago We offer 16 fully ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )financed PhD positions.More positions financed by work contracts may be offered depending on availability. Excellent scientific and transferable skills trainings, competitive work contracts or tax-free fellowships as well as support with administrative matters, accommodation, and visas are part of the program. There are no tuition fees. The program language is English. We invite highly qualified, greatly motivated and highly cooperative applicants of any nationality from biological sciences, chemistry, mathematics, computer sciences and physics. We are looking forward to your application for a PhD position in Münster. Your application will be accepted any time in official hours.For online application and further information go tohttp://21世纪教育网cim-imprs.de ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). Contact: cim-imprs@uni-muenster.de ( mailto:cim-imprs@uni-muenster.de )________________________________________________________________________________ Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )Fudan University Shanghai, China 3 days ago ISTBI an independe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt institution of Fudan University launched in March 2015. We are now recruiting Chair Professor, Senior Research Fellow, Associate Research Fellow and Postdoctoral Position. The successful candidate will be expected to establish a competitive research department with international leadership, to contribute significantly to common technology platforms, to attract extra-mural funds and to teach Brain-Inspired Intelligence. Cooperation and coordination is part of the requirement for this position. Applications should be submitted via email at the address given below, with the subject line containing the position applied for. Applicants are expected to submit materials within two weeks from the date of post.Please submit your application via email to:Ms. Yun Lv, HR Secretary E-mail: istbi@fudan. ( mailto:istbi@fudan. ) Phone: +86-21-6564-8171___________________________________________________________________________________________Postdoctoral Research Fellow, DNA Mutation Research ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle, United States 9 days ago Deadline: April 8th , We are recruiting a highly motivated PhD-level scientist to carry out fundamental DNA repair and mutation research, investigate the mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, and promote the translation, development and implementation of DNA-based biomarkers. We would especially like to encounter candidates with relevant training background, and the ability to work independently as well as in collaborative research efforts. A strong background in cell biology or molecular biology is highly desirable. Excellent verbal and written English communication skills are required. Interested applicants should submit: 1) cover letter summarizing your research interest; 2) CV; and 3) list of 3 references. Paper-based submissions are not acceptable. For more information, please visit our website at http://21世纪教育网fredhutch.org/en.html ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ).___________________________________________________________________________________________60. Who might be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )most interested in reading these pieces of information A. PhD candidates majoring in human science. B. University presidents who are recruiting researching faculty. C. Biological scientists who are hunting for a job. D. Senior researchers focusing on DNA related diseases.61. If one is lookin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g for a tuition-free training program, which post(s) will most probably catch his eye A. 16 PhD Positions: Imaging Cellular Processes and Disease ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) B. Senior Research Fellow, ISTBI C. Postdoctoral Research Fellow, DNA Mutation Research ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) D. Both A and C. 62. Which of the following is true according to the passage A. A good comman ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d of written and oral English skills is a must for all positions listed.B. Submissions fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Fred Hutchinson can be accepted both online and offline.C. All applications ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e still available for those who view the page one week later. D. Some institutio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ns put more value on personal ability than team spirit. (C)Don’t always bel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ieve what scientists and other authorities tell you! Be skeptical! Think critically! That’s what I tell my students. Early in my career, I was a conventional science writer, easily impressed by scientists’ claims. But doubt gradually weakened my faith. Scientists and journalists, I realized, by continuously boasting scientific “advances”—from theories of cosmic (宇宙的) creation and the origin of life to the latest treatments for depression and cancer, made science seem more powerful and fast-moving than it really is. Now, I urge my students to doubt the claims of some scientists. This isn’t science anymore; I declare in class, it’s only science fiction with equations! To drive this point home, I assign articles by John Ioannidis, an epidemiologist who has exposed the weakness of most peer-reviewed research. In a 2005 study, he concluded that “most published research findings are false.”So how do my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) students respond to my skeptical teaching Some react with healthy pushback, especially to my suggestion that the era of really big scientific discoveries might be over. “On a scale from toddler knowledge to ultimate enlightenment, man’s understanding of the universe could be anywhere,” wrote a student named Matt. “How can a person say with certainty that everything is known or close to being known if it is incomparable to anything ”Other students embrace ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) skepticism to a degree that shocks me. Cecelia, a biomedical-engineering major, wrote: “I am skeptical of the methods used to collect data on climate change, the analysis of this data, and the predictions made based on this data.” Pondering (思索) the lesson that correlation does not equal causation, Steve questioned the foundations of scientific reasoning. “How do we know there is a cause for anything ” he asked.In a similar way ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), some students echoed the claim of radical (激进的) postmodernists that we can never really know anything for certain, and hence that almost all our current theories will probably be overturned. Just as Aristotle’s physics gave way to Newton’s, which in turn yielded to Einstein’s, so our current theories of physics will surely be replaced by completely different ones. After one esp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecially harsh paper, I responded, “Whoa!”Science, I lectured sternly, has established many facts about reality beyond a reasonable doubt, embodied by quantum mechanics, general relativity, the theory of evolution, the genetic code. This knowledge has yielded applications—from vaccines to computer chips—that have transformed our world in countless ways. It is precisely because science is such a powerful mode of knowledge, I said, that you must treat new pronouncements skeptically, carefully distinguishing the genuine from the false. But you shouldn’t be so skeptical that you deny the possibility of achieving any knowledge at all. My students listened p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )olitely, but I could see the doubt in their eyes. We professors have a duty to teach our students to be skeptical. But we also have to accept that, if we do our jobs well, their skepticism may turn on us.63. Why was the author’s faith in science weakened A. Because some es ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )says from his peer scholars cast strong doubt on science. B. Because sci ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )entists often presented an overly optimistic picture of science. C. Because he wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s tired of reading too many science fictions with equations. D. Because an acad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )emic figure claimed that most published research findings were false.64. Which of the fol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lowing was NOT one of the students’ responses to the author’s skeptical teaching A. Some dou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bted his suggestion of the limitation of scientific discoveries. B. Some questi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oned the way of data collecting and scientific reasoning. C. Some launc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hed harsh criticism against the author’s advocacy of skepticism. D. Some claimed there was no certainty for any established theory.65. What did the author think of students’ responses A. He considered them as a display of their creativity. B. He viewed them ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a must in order to understand the spirit of science. C. He treated them as an extreme application of skepticism. D. He regarded th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )em as a kind of respect paid by students to their teacher.66. Which might be the best title for this article A. When Teaching Critical Thinking Backfires B. Skepticism Makes Teaching More Fun C. No Doubt, No Science D. Students Turn Out Better Than Teacher Section C (每题2分，共8分)A. Some peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging.B. The opport ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )unity cost refers to the alternative use of your time and cash.C. Consider that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) most famous economic rule of all: there’s no such thing as a free lunch.D. However, another is fast obtaining an advantage: “value for time.”E. Each of thes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e options has a different opportunity cost—namely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.F. On the ot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her hand, forgone opportunities will enable you to seize better ones.However wealthy we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someone’s time or money could be better spent on something else.Every hour of our tim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. ____67____Say you intend to wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends For economists, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo—in terms of money and enjoyment—in order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. ____68____ Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.____69____ Imagine spe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nding your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense it’s human nature to do precisely that—we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.In the business ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) world, a popular phrase is “value for money.” People want their cash to go as far as possible. ____70____ The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions.V. Translation (3+3+4+5，共15分)Directions: Transla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brakes.72. 没什么比在周末的下午读一本英文原著更吸引我的了。(appeal)73. 美国人强调效率、竞争和独创性，而中国人则将严谨规划放在首位，鼓励团队成员之间的密切合作和无私奉献。(priority)74. 唐朝是中国历史上最强盛的朝代之一，也正是在这一时期中国古典文学在诗歌领域取得了杰出的成就。(it)75. 据报道，今中国快递服务(couri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er service)将递送大约120亿件包裹，这将使中国有可能赶超美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。(possible)
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
