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备战2022年上海高考英语二轮复习精品讲义第6讲 词汇F+6选4专题 学生版
教学内容
进门小练笔2021黄浦一模A. Current evidence s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uggests that many of these benefits continue into adulthood.B. To increase ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) physical activity for adolescents, the authors need to identify the many causes and inequities.C. The authors sa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y that levels of insufficient physical activity in adolescents continue to be extremely high.D. To improve levels ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of physical activity among adolescents, the study provides some recommendations as follows.E. The authors note ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that adolescents' participation in physical activity will continue into adulthood.F. The study highlights that young people have the right to play and should be provided with the opportunities to realize their right to physical and mental health and well being.Adolescents Worldwide Not Sufficiently Physically ActiveNew WHO-led stu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dy says majority of adolescents worldwide are not sufficiently physically active,putting their current and future health at risk. ________67________ “Urgent policy action to increase physical activity is needed now, particularly to promote and keep up girls' participation in physical activity,” says study author Dr Regina Guthold,WHO.The health benefi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts of a physically active lifestyle during adolescence include improved heart and lung fitness, bone health and positive effects on weight. There is also growing evidence that physical activity has positive impact on cognitive development and socializing. ______68_______To achieve these ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )benefits, the WHO recommends for adolescents to do moderate or vigorous physical activity for an hour or more each day. The authors estimated 80 percent of teens do not meet this recommendation analyzing data collected through school-based surveys on physical activity levels.______69______Urgent scaling up is needed of known effective policies and programs to increase physical activity in adolescents Multi-sectoral action is needed to offer opportunities for young people to be active, involving education, urban planning,road safety and others The highest levels of society, including national,city and local leaders, should promote the importance of physical activity for the health and well-being of all people, including adolescents._______70______Stro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng.political will and action can address the fact that four in every five adolescents do not experience the enjoyment and social,physical,and mental health benefits of regular physical activity. Policy makers and stakeholders should be encouraged to act now for the health of this and future young generations.课堂导入1.话题导读素材源：CNN（原文有删改） https://edition.cnn.com/2020/01/06/success/eileen-fisher-profit-sharing-fashion-boss-files/index.html ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )VocabularyDirections: C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omplete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.aggressive ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rale C. vocal D.remaining E. sharpen F. imposing G. carve H. concerned I. inspired. J. identify K. ultimate Eileen Fisher b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uilt a fashion empire. Her employees now own nearly half of it For many entre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )preneurs, the_____1___goal is to take their company public. But for fashion designer Eileen Fisher, staying private and giving her employees a share of the business has allowed her to_____2___ her own path to success.Fisher personally o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wns 60% of the company that shares her name, while the _____3___ 40% is held by her 1,200 full- and part-time employees through an employee stock ownership plan (ESOP)."Once we started havin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g extra profit, the first thought was share it with the employees. “"I think even 10% ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the profits is good for____4____ and for people feeling like they're really a part of this company. People speak up more when they see things that don't feel right or if people are wasting money over there," she says.Fisher launched her na ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mesake brand in 1984 with just $350. A trip to Japan and a fascination with the traditional kimono_____5___ her to create clothing with "simplicity of shape and movement." She saw immediate success at boutique trade shows and department stores.Fisher recalls pi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tching the fledgling business to rooms filled with men who were bullish on her quickly opening hundreds of stores. But she was _____6___ they only cared about profits."There was a moment we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sort of entertained the idea of going public and what would that mean. But I was told I didn't have an(a)____7_______ enough growth plan."Staying priva ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te has also enabled Fisher and her employees -- a majority of whom are female -- to be more ___8____ about issues that are important to them. Fisher says many of her employees feel a sense of ownership in the company and are not afraid to approach her with a problem or concern. This free flow of communication has helped improve her leadership style and ______9____her decision making skills, Fisher tells Harlow."Withdrawing fro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m the Paris Agreement is the wrong decision at precisely the wrong time. We have 11 years to address climate change," she posted on Instagram at the time. "Remember your vote is your voice."Among other measures, the company has hosted training seminars at its factories in China to help workers_____10____signs of slavery and human trafficking, including recruiting practices and migrant worker issues, according to the company's web site ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t " / var / folders / k1 / zs_2wfv1009ckvvvgbjqvjd40000gn / T / com.kingsoft.wpsoffice.mac / wps-songxiao / x / _blank ). 【词汇讲解】 entrepreneursn.someone who s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tarts their own business, especially when this involves seeing a new opportunity（尤指涉及风险的）企业家，创业者例：He was one o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the entrepreneurs of the 80s who made their money in property.他是80年代靠做房地产生意赚钱起家的企业家之一。vocaladj.often expressing opinions and complaints in speech喜欢畅所欲言的；直言不讳的例：He had always been a very vocal critic of the president.他一直都直言不讳地批评总统。During these y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ears, suffrage demands by women became increasingly vocal.那些年，女性要求获得投票权的呼声越来越高。stock n.the amount of money th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at a company has through selling shares to people股本，资本例：They own 20 percent of the company's stock.他们拥有公司20%的股份。approachv.to speak to, w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rite to, or visit someone in order to do something such as make a request or business agreement接洽；交涉；找…商谈；要求例：We've just approached the bank for/about a loan.我们刚刚联系银行要求贷款。She's been approached by a modelling agency.一家模特代理公司曾与她接洽过。addressvto give attention to or deal with a matter or problem对付，应付；处理例：The issue of funding has yet to be addressed.资金问题尚未得到解决。recruitv.to persuade someone t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o work for a company or become a new member of an organization, especially the army招聘，吸收；（尤指军队）征募新兵例：Charities such as O ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xfam are always trying to recruit volunteers to help in their work.诸如乐施会这样的慈善组织总是在尽力吸收志愿者来帮助他们工作。Traffictrafficv. to buy and sell goods illegally非法交易例：They were ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rested for trafficking in the eggs of protected species of birds.他们因非法交易国家保护鸟类所产的蛋而被捕。8. seminarn.an occasion whe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n a teacher or expert and a group of people meet to study and discuss something专题讨论会；研讨会例：I attended practicall ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y every lecture and seminar when I was a student.我上学的时候，几乎参加了每一场讲座和研讨会。精讲精练【知识梳理1】考纲词汇F1.face vt.a.面向,朝 The room ~s (to the) south. ~ the audience b.面对,面临 one of the greatest problems c.正视,对付~ the fact / difficulty / reality 2.fact n. in (a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ctual) ~ syn. as a matter of ~ / in reality / in effect3.fail vi. a. ~ to do b. ~ in an exam = ~ to pass an exam . 4.failure F~ is the mother of success. a power ~ 停电, 5.faint adj a. a ~ voice, His strength grew ~. 6.fair n. a book ~书展, a world ~ 世博会7.faith n have / lose ~ in sb / sth 8.fall vi ~ asleep / behind / ill, ~ in love with9.false adj. true or ~, ~ teeth / hair 10.fake n That’s n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot a real diamond necklace, it’s just a ~. adj ~ fur / jewels11.fame n. ill ~ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )丑名, He quickly rose to ~出名. n. famousbe ~ for / as12.familiar adj (sb) be ~ with sth = (sth) be ~ to sb13.fancy n. a.想象力 the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) novelist’s ~ b.幻想I have a ~ that it’s going to rain. c. have a ~ for football 爱好14.fantastic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) adj. a. ~ dreams / stories b.奇异的 ~ shapes c. You passed your test Fantastic!了不起的15.far~ / deep / late into the night, by ~16.as far asas / so far as I know / can see / remember17.far from satisfactory / enough / perfect / finished18.farewell adj. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have / hold a ~ party n. wave ~ / goodbye to sb 19.fascinate vt. be ~d by / with sth 被…强烈吸引住20.fashion n come i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nto / be in ~, go out of / be out of ~, follow the latest ~ 21.fasten vt. ~ your seat / safety belt. ~ the door / the window 22.fat adj. a. a ~ man b. 装得满满的 a ~ letter / wallet 23.fatal adj ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). a. receive a ~ wound b. 毁灭性的be ~ to sth His illness was ~ to our plan. 使…落空24.fault n find ~ with sb, a ~ in the electrical system, 25.favour n. a. ask / beg a ~ of sb b. do sb a ~ = do a ~ for sb c. in ~ of a). 赞成 ~ ~ ~ the plan. b). in sb’s ~ 对…有利 vt. a. 偏爱Our teacher ~s Mary. c. 赞成,喜爱 Of the tw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o plans, I ~ the first. adj. favorite / favorable26.fear n for ~ of / that sb (should / might), in ~ (of sth) 27.feasible adj. a ~ plan / suggestion, It’s ~ to do sth28.feature vt. ~ quality education. n. a. carry a section of “~s” b. 特征/点/色the physical ~s of the U.S. c. pl. 容貌 a woman of delicate ~s29.feed vt ~ sb on sth = ~ sth to sb, ~ the fire with wood给…添加, ~ / live on sth, be fed up with30.fertile adj. a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). ~ land b. be ~ (=rich) in, ~ / rich / vivid / lively imagination31.fetch vt. ~ (sb) the book, ~ (=collect) the child from school32.fierce adj. a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). ~ dogs / attacks / winds b. a ~ argument / competition33.fight v ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t. ~ the enemy / a war, ~ one’s way out vi. ~ for /against / with n. ~ for / against34.figure n. a. The table is round in ~. b. see the ~ of a ship on the horizon c. see a ~ in the distance d. 数字e.人物 f. 体形,身段hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a good ~, keep one’s ~ vi. ~ out a. 理解,明白 b. 计算出35.fill vt be ~ed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/ crowded / packed with, ~ one’s teeth ,~ / satisfy / meet the needs / requirements 36.finance n. the Minister of Finance vt. ~ more school trips financial adj. a. in ~ difficulties b. a ~ crisis, London is a ~ centre.37.fine n pay a ~ / a bill / debts / taxes / rent vt. ~ sb $ 100 (for doing sth)38.fire n. a. on ~, catch ~ b. set sth on ~= set ~ to sth c. open / cease ~ d. keep away from the ~ vt. a. ~ a few shots a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t sb / sth b. Another mistake, and I’ll ~ you. c. 激发 ~ sb’s imagination39.firm adj a ~ faith / belief / stand, as ~ as a rock, ~ muscles / ground n. an export ~40.fit v. The coat ~s you. The key ~s the lock. 适应~ in with the needs of the society, ~ on 装上,试穿; adj. be ~ for sth / to do sth, keep ~ / healthy41.fix vt. a. ~ a watch b. 安装 ~ a lamp c. ~ a time for the meeting d. ~ one’s attention / eyes on42.flame n. in ~s =on fire, burst into ~s / tears /laughter, ~s from the burning building43.flexible adj. a. a ~ wire b. make a ~ plan, ~ working time 44.float vi. ~ in the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) air / on water, ~ around / away / down to where he is lying vt. ~ a balloon in the sky45.flow vi. ~ into the sea n. a constant ~ of music, a steady ~ of traffic46.focus v ~ (one’s attention / mind / thoughts) on, ~ the camera on n. in / out of ~焦距对准 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) /没对准 , the ~ of one’s attention / interest / trouble47.fold vt. ~ a newspaper / a letter, ~ one’s arms, a folding chair / bed48.follow vt. ~ed by sb, ~ sb (up / in / upstairs), ~ one’s advice / example / the fashion / directions, 49.forbid vt. ~ / ban / prohibit doing, ~ sb to do = ban / prohibit sb from doing, ~ sb wine50.force n. the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) police /air ~, the ~s of nature / public opinion, by ~, come into ~上台,执政vt ~ sb to do / into doing51.foresee vt. ~ sth / clause ~ the trouble / future 52.forgive vt. ~ sth / doing / sb (for doing), ~ sb sth I can’t ~ him his absence. syn. excuse53.form n. a. ~ and content, in the ~ of, take the ~ of b. fill in / out a ~ vt ~ the habit of doing, ~ a conclusion54.former adj. my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )~ English teacher, one’s ~ colleague, her ~ husband, the ~…, the latter55.forth adv. move / walk back and ~, and so ~, and so on and so ~56.fortune n. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a. try one’s ~, by good ~, tell one’s ~ b. make a large ~ (from sth) adj. (un)fortunately57.forward ad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )v. look ~ to sth, backward(s) and ~(s), put the clock ~, put ~ a suggestion58.foundation n. a. run the Nobel F~ b. lay a (solid) ~ for sth 59.frank ad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )j to be ~ (with you), frankly speaking, to tell (you) the truth60.free adj ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a. ~ of charge b. set…~ c. be ~ of / from不/没有/无 a place free of crowds and noise, be free from worry / ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) care / hunger / pain d. be ~ to do随心所欲做 vt. ~ sb from / of61.freedom n. enjoy ~ of speech, fight for ~, a way of ~ from worry 62.freeze vi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). ~ / be frozen to death, freezing point / weather, frozen food63.fresh adj. in the ~ morning air, a ~ hand 一个新手, ~ water 淡水64.frighten vt. ~ sb to death, ~ sb out of one’s wits, be ~ed to death / out of one’s wits by the ghost, ~ sb into / out of doi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng sth吓唬某人做/ 不做, be ~ed of =be afraid of, be ~ed at因…而害怕65.fry vt. a. The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) eggs are ~ing in the pan. b. fried rice 炒饭 c. ~ the fish for dinner, fried chicken66.fulfil(l) vt. a. 履 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )行 ~ one’s promise / duty b. 实现 ~ one’s hope / one’s dream c.满足 ~ a desire / a requirement d. 完成 ~ the task assigned by sb 67.fun n. It’s ~ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to do sth. What ~ it is to do sth! for ~, make ~ of stb 68.function n. the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )~ of a heart, perform an important ~ vi It wasn’t ~ing well. ~ properly / stop ~ing ~ as 作…用 The sofa can ~ as / serve as / be used as a bed.69.furnish vt. a. ~ a room with sth b. = supply ~ sb with food / food to sb n. furniture [u] a piece of ~70.further adj. ~ information / discussion / explanation, 71.future n. in ~ = from now on, in the (near / distant) ~【知识梳理2】6选4是高三新改革的题型，又称为“选句填空”，主要考察学生对文章大意结构和前后逻辑关系的把握，和通常的选词填空和完型填空有一定的相似性。6选4主要考察的体裁有说明文、议论文和记叙文，主要以说明文为主；话题涵盖了社科、生活、科技、文化、经济等，都是学生本该掌握的知识。6选4的设空一般开头两段设1空，中间两空，结尾两段设1空，而且一般都有段首空。【思路点拨】1.通读文章，了解文章大意和结构，把握作者的意图。2.注意画出选项句子的关键 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )提示词：代词（特别是人称代词、指示代词和不定代词），逻辑词（并列，转折，因果，总分，例举，时间）和表达中心的实词。此外注意时态。3.注意空格句前后句的代词（特别是人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )称代词、指示代词和不定代词），逻辑词（并列，转折，因果，总分，例举，时间）和表达中心的实词。此外注意时态。4.画出每段的中心句，时刻围绕着每段的中心句进行理解。5.注意设空位置：(1)设空在第一段的句末，多数考察总起的作用，统领全文。(2)设空在段落中间的，一定要看前后句，而且要结合本段中心句。(3)设空在段末的，往往是承上的意思为主，也就是要看前文为主；小部分会“启下”，也就要看下一段的首句意思(4)设空在句首的，往往是启下的意思为主，就是要看下文；小部分也会“承上”，会看上一段的意思。(5)往往设空在句首的一般不会出现人称代词。(6)设空在最后段的，可能要总结全文的意思。6.注意逻辑关系词：bu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t, however,therefor, for example, because, and, or, furthermore, also, in addition等等。7.本着“先易后难”的原则，先做肯定，最后进行对比和排除；特别注意迷惑选项的对比和排除。【知识梳理3】六选四阅读技巧技巧一：从细节逻辑上判断---因果关系在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有As a result结果------，thus/therefore因此，so (such)...如此------以至于等。【高考例题】Large cities ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies. It took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. 4 .A. That kept cities very small. 【答案解析】4. A 空格的上一句话提到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了，即使在先进的农业社会，也需要大约95个农民养活5个城市人，这只有一个结果，就是使得城市很小，与A信息呼应。技巧二：从细节逻辑上判断---转折关系转折关系主要指英语行文中后句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：However然而, nevertheless仍然，然而，不过, nonetheless尽管如此，依然，然而, still还；然而, though可是，不过，然而, yet然而, in spite of不顾，不管, at any rate无论如何，至少, in any case无论如何，不管怎样, whoever无论是谁, whatever无论什么，on the contrary正相反, in contrast与此相反, 相比之下, by contrast相反, 相比之下, in comparison比较起来，比较地, by comparison相比之下, conversely相反(地), otherwise否则；除此以外，not---but不是-----而是，as well也等。【高考例题1】Don’t forget t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o forgive yourself.4 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it.E. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.【答案解析】1. E根据本段的标题为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“不要忘记原谅你自己”与E项中的forgiving themselves信息一致，并且E项与后面的句子之间用but连接，有转折的语气，因此构成了一种意义上的对比关系，尤其是but这个词，更加突出了对比的意义，因此E符合这里的意义和结构。【高考例题2】Business is the organi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )zed approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit (利润)— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 1 D. However, some busi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.【答案解析】1. D根据前面的make ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a profit赚取利润，同时结合后面的Commonly called nonprofits,通常叫做非盈利商业，表明前后是对比的，因此D项中的however起到了这种转折的作用。同时根据前句中的the costs of operating the business也可以和D项中的operating costs 联系起来。技巧三：从细节逻辑上判断---例证关系前后句的某句是为了证明另一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。【高考例题】Business is the organ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit (利润)— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating monly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 2 C. Examples of non ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )profit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.【答案解析】2. C根据空 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )格前面提到了nonprofits,这与C中的对于nonprofits business进行举例说明有着密切的联系。技巧四：从细节逻辑上判断---递进关系递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。表示递进关系的连词有：also也, 而且, further另外(的)；, furthermore而且，此外, likewise同样地，照样地；也，又, similarly相似地，类似地, moreover而且再者，此外, in addition另外，加之, what’s more更重要的是, too也，还, either也, neither两者都不, not only…but also不但…而且等。【高考例题】Over th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.3. Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.E. Modernizat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.【答案解析】E空格前面的一句话 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )提到，在过去的两百多里，工业革命打破了城乡之间的平衡。后一句话提到，现在的情况不是需要95个农民养活5个城市人了， 在美国一个农民就能养活100多个非农民，那么空格这里与F项信息，即现代化把更多的人吸引到城市里来，使得农民更加多产这一信息一致。技巧五：从细节逻辑上判断---平列关系表示列举关系的有：first首先 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), 第一, second第二, third第三…; firstly第一, 首先, secondly第二(点)；其次, thirdly第三…; first第一, next其次, then那么, 然后…; in the first place第一，首先, in the second place第二, 其次…; for one thing首先，一则, for another thing其次…;to begin with首先，第一, to conclude首先，第一等One is the es ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tablishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 4 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.E. The second a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )spect relates to the application of these policies by departments.【答案解析】4. E 根据上文已经提到了on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e和下文后面也提到了the third，因此这里是按照顺序排列，提到的应该是第二条，与E中的The second aspect相呼应。技巧六：从词汇线索上判断---代词英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。【高考例题】Britain was only the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) beginning. 2 .The process of urbanization--- the migration (迁移) of people from the countryside to the city--- was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.【答案解析】2. D根据文章 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的第一段说英国是第一个成为城市化社会的国家。第二段接着说英国仅仅是个开始，这是因为许多别的工业国家也开始效仿英国，成为社会化的社会，这里many other这个不定代词与前面的Britain呼应，因此D项为正确答案。技巧七：从词汇线索上判断---同义词/近义词英语前言后语之间往往有同 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。【高考例题1】Business management ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. 3 One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. APlanning in business management has three main aspects.【答案解析】3. A根据空 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )格前面的一句话提到了planning，direction和control三项技巧，同时根据空格后面的one，the third等的提示，可知这里A中的planning 与前面提到的planning是同一词。【高考例题2】Empathy is also an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. 4 Academics are important. But if you don’t have emotional (情感的) intelligence, you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says.C. Good socia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life.【答案解析】4. C 根 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据后面的句子中you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life中的核心词successful与选项中的C句子中Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life中的核心词succeed是同一个词的不同形式，因此遵循同义词的词汇线索的特点，选C。技巧八：从词汇线索上判断---上下义词/同一范畴词上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。技巧九：从试题位置上判断---问题在段首 假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。另外着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。【高考例题】3Keep in mind tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset youB. If you wait for peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.【答案解析】3. B这是一道小标题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的试题，位于整个段落的最前面，这样的选项，往往是对下面整个段落内容的概括和总结，反映整个段落的主旨和大意，这种试题往往需要从下面的全段中搜索核心词汇，找出做题的线索。本段指出，不要等待他人道歉。因为许多时候伤害你的人就没有打算道歉，他们也许故意想要伤害你活着和你看问题的方式不同，如果等待他人道歉，就会等相当长的时间。而B项中wait for people to apologize与本段的标题一致。技巧十：从试题位置上判断---问题在段尾所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。【高考例题】In 1990, fewer t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )han 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 3 B. The rest live in small towns.【答案解析】3. B根据现在有超过85%的美 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )国人住在城市里，大约有2%的人住在农场；剩下大约有16%住在别的地方，即与B项其余的住在小城镇里信息一致。【高考例题】Business man ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )agement is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. Planning in business management has three main aspects. One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision (监管) and guidance by the management in authority. 5 D. Humans lear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n by example—and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic.【答案解析】5. D 这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个选项是一个段落的结尾句，这种选项通常起着总结上文，提示下文的功能，首先根据本段的第一句话提到的三项技巧planning，direction和control和空格前面已经讨论了planning和direction，因此最后剩下的应该是control与A项中的Control includes信息一致。当堂检测 - 华师大二附中 周测试卷The non-stop of b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )logs is in part due to money.The phenomenon of blogging exploded. Now blogging is not as popular as it used to be ten years ago. Then in 1999 a fello ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w diarist jokingly wrote the word as “we blog” and soon the English language had a new verb “to blog”. Now it is accepted that blogs have redefined journalism. Those who used to work for newspapers and magazines started to turn to blogging.All about...BlogsDiary writing has be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en part of literature all over the world since prehistoric times. And online diaries are making the genre more popular than ever. The first is thou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ght to be Justin Hall’s Links from the Underground. Justin wrote a detailed and honest account of his life between 1994 and 2005. At its peak, his website was receiving thousands of visitors a day. Three years after ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Justin’s first post, someone came up with a term for what he, and a few other people, were writing--a weblog. The word comes from the words web and log. 67 The early bloggers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )needed some technical computing skills to make their pages. But from 1999, websites as , which helped anyone to publish their own blog, started to appear. 68 By 2001, there were about a million blogs on the Internet--from “what I had for breakfast, lunch and dinner today’s blogs, receiving few, if any, visits--to protesting anti-war blogs, read and commented on by hundreds of people every hour. 69 They c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an report on news events within a few minutes and can included photo sand even video. Their readers can participate in the debate on the blogs, adding additional information and links. The news has never been so interactive. About 60 milli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on people now self-publish their diaries, thoughts and observations online--although this is undoubtedly an overestimate because many of them are never updated. 70 When Google bought in 2003, it gave its users the ability to put adverts on their websites. Popular blogs can now earn thousands of dollars a month through this method and advertising on blogs is now a multi-million dollar business. 上海交通大学附属中学-第一学期高三英语摸底考试卷A. The criti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cal abilities are beginning to develop in adolescence.B. Their view on life usually falls on two extremes.C. Of all periods o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f life,this is what may best be called the “plastic age”.D.They are basically timid or self-conscious .E. Despite tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t,it is also in this periods that strong ties between teachers and students develop.F. Fundamentally they want to be kept busy but they refuse to admit it .Adolescents ref ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er to boys and girls at high-school level--more specifically the second,third and forth years of high schools.In dealing with students at this level,we must bear in mind that to some degree they are at the difficult stage,generally called adolescence. Students at this le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vel are likely to be confused mentally. They usually find it hard to concentrate on what they intend to do and often have romantic dreams._________77_______ They lack frankness and are usually very easily affected by their own emotions but hate to admit it. They are driven either by greater ambition,probably beyond their capability,or by extreme laziness caused by the fear of not succeeding or achieving objectives._________78_________.They are willing to work,but they hate to work without obtaining the result they think they should obtain.Regarding school issue ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s,although they seldom say so,they really want to be consulted and given an opportunity to direct their own affairs,but they need a good amount of guidance.They seldom admit that they need this guidance and they frequently rebel against it. But if it its intelligently offered they accept it with enthusiasm.As to personal beliefs,most of adolescents are trying to form political ideals and they have a tendency to be sometimes extremely idealistic,and at other times conventional,blindly accepting what their fathers and grandfathers believed in._______79________.On the one hand they are too modest and on the other hand unreasonably boastful.They tend to be influenced more by a strong character than by great intelligence.__________80_________.Having a better understanding of the characteristics and needs of young people at this age is a task that falls both on educators and other people involved.It may also help the young go through this difficult and critical stage of life in a more constructive manner.温故知新交大二附中第一学期期中考试卷A. Many of them lost their home.B. There were also a lot of accidents. C. They hoped they could make more money. D. So they left and went to find farmlands in the west.AB. It is true that the settlers ‘journey was extremely difficult AC. But the t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ruth is that the Native Americans were not the biggest problem for the settlers.In the 19 century, mi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llions of European went to the USA because they wanted to find a better life. Many of them couldn't find work in cities like New York._67_ The people, called settlers, travelled west through the mountains on the Oregon Trail. Some of these peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le hoped to find gold in California. The journey sometimes took more than one year. There are a lot of films, called Westerns, about the settlers on the trail. In most of the film, we see the native Americans(American Indians) attacking the settlers, and the "Indians" killing many white people._68_ In fact, most of them were very helpful to the settlers._69_ many of them ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) walked 3200 kilometers, the whole length of the trail. They had wagons, but the wagons were often too full, so people could not travel in them. Many parents also had to carry their small children. The people were very poor and many did not even have shoes— they walked the whole trail bare foot, in extremely cold temperature. More than 50,000 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) people, including many women and children, died on the trail. A lot of people died from illnesses like cholera, because the drinking water wasn’t clean. _70_Many peopl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e died under the wheels of wagons, for example, and from accidental gunshots. 上海师范大学附属中学高三测试A. Of course, you don’t always need to wear a suit.B. Besides, men care more about dress codes than women do.C. In short--remember to keep your whole style plain and simple.D. Companies have see ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n that the more relaxed attitude to dress not only promotes comfort, but also encourages younger workers to stay.E. All in all, not every company allows its staff to wear earrings.F. First, let’s look at color.Getting dressed for the officeIt’s clear that bus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iness wear has changed in the last few years--for both men and women. Even traditional business such as law companies have altered their dress codes from “smart” to “smart-casual”. (67)______. What is less clear, however, is what “smart-casual” actually means. I hope to give you a few basic tips here. There are many factors involved: for example, the particular industry you work in, how much contact you have with the public and your position in the company. The seasons even have a part to play--what is acceptable in the summer might not be in the autumn or winter.So, does “sm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )art-casual” mean you can come to work in tracksuit bottoms and sandals, or does it just mean that you don’t have to wear a tie (68)______. Fashionable colors for suits for both men and women this season are still the traditional grey, dark blue and black. You see someone wearing grey and it indicates a conservative, professional image; dark blue says you’re trustworthy; and black always looks smart and classy. These colors don’t have to look boring, however. Try wearing a shirt or blouse with a splash of color. Pale blue, pink or lilac are better than loud colors like bright pink and dark red.______. Men can g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o for a sports-type jacket, with a shirt or smart jumper. You can wear well-cut trousers made of wool, or a good pair of chinos. Women can wear trouser suits or skirt suits. You can also wear more fashionable trousers and a blouse, or a skirt and top. But be careful; avoid wearing baggy, loose clothes, very short skirts and lots of logos and patterns. If in doubt, go back to the suit. You need a similar attitude to jewellery, bags and other accessories; you should try to resist large earrings and huge, colorful bags. (70)______.
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进门小练笔2021黄浦一模A. Current ev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )idence su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ggests that many of these benefits continue into adulthood.B. To increase physica ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l activity for adolescents, the authors need to identify the many causes and inequities.C. The authors s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay that levels of insufficient physical activity in adolescents continue to be extremely high.D. To improve levels o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f physical activity among adolescents, the study provides some recommendations as follows.E. The authors note th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at adolescents' participation in physical activity will continue into adulthood.F. The study highlights that young people have the right to play and should be provided with the opportunities to realize their right to physical and mental health and well being.Adolescents Worldwide Not Sufficiently Physically ActiveNew WHO-led study ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )says majority of adolescents worldwide are not sufficiently physically active,putting their current and future health at risk. ________67________ “Urgent policy action to increase physical activity is needed now, particularly to promote and keep up girls' participation in physical activity,” says study author Dr Regina Guthold,WHO.The health benefits o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f a physically active lifestyle during adolescence include improved heart and lung fitness, bone health and positive effects on weight. There is also growing evidence that physical activity has positive impact on cognitive development and socializing. ______68_______To achieve these ben ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )efits, the WHO recommends for adolescents to do moderate or vigorous physical activity for an hour or more each day. The authors estimated 80 percent of teens do not meet this recommendation analyzing data collected through school-based surveys on physical activity levels.______69______Urge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt scaling up is needed of known effective policies and programs to increase physical activity in adolescents Multi-sectoral action is needed to offer opportunities for young people to be active, involving education, urban planning,road safety and others The highest levels of society, including national,city and local leaders, should promote the importance of physical activity for the health and well-being of all people, including adolescents._______70______Strong.political will and action can address the fact that four in every five adolescents do not experience the enjoyment and social,physical,and mental health benefits of regular physical activity. Policy makers and stakeholders should be encouraged to act now for the health of this and future young generations.答案67-70 CADF 课堂导入1.话题导读素材源：CNN（原文有删改） https://edition.cnn.com/2020/01/06/success/eileen-fisher-profit-sharing-fashion-boss-files/index.html ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )VocabularyDirections: Comple ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.aggressive B. morale C. vocal D.remaining E. sharpen F. imposing G. carve H. concerned I. inspired. J. identify K. ultimate Eileen Fisher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) built a fashion empire. Her employees now own nearly half of it For many en ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )trepreneurs, the_____1___goal is to take their company public. But for fashion designer Eileen Fisher, staying private and giving her employees a share of the business has allowed her to_____2___ her own path to success.Fisher personally ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) owns 60% of the company that shares her name, while the _____3___ 40% is held by her 1,200 full- and part-time employees through an employee stock ownership plan (ESOP)."Once we started ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )having extra profit, the first thought was share it with the employees. “"I think even 1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )0% of the profits is good for____4____ and for people feeling like they're really a part of this company. People speak up more when they see things that don't feel right or if people are wasting money over there," she says.Fisher launched ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her namesake brand in 1984 with just $350. A trip to Japan and a fascination with the traditional kimono_____5___ her to create clothing with "simplicity of shape and movement." She saw immediate success at boutique trade shows and department stores.Fisher recalls pitchin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g the fledgling business to rooms filled with men who were bullish on her quickly opening hundreds of stores. But she was _____6___ they only cared about profits."There was a mome ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt we sort of entertained the idea of going public and what would that mean. But I was told I didn't have an(a)____7_______ enough growth plan."Staying priva ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te has also enabled Fisher and her employees -- a majority of whom are female -- to be more ___8____ about issues that are important to them. Fisher says many of her employees feel a sense of ownership in the company and are not afraid to approach her with a problem or concern. This free flow of communication has helped improve her leadership style and ______9____her decision making skills, Fisher tells Harlow."Withdrawing from the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Paris Agreement is the wrong decision at precisely the wrong time. We have 11 years to address climate change," she posted on Instagram at the time. "Remember your vote is your voice."Among other measures, the company has hosted training seminars at its factories in China to help workers_____10____signs of slavery and human trafficking, including recruiting practices and migrant worker issues, according to the company's web site ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t " / var / folders / k1 / zs_2wfv1009ckvvvgbjqvjd40000gn / T / com.kingsoft.wpsoffice.mac / wps-songxiao / x / _blank ). 【词汇讲解】 entrepreneursn.someone who s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tarts their own business, especially when this involves seeing a new opportunity（尤指涉及风险的）企业家，创业者例：He was one of t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he entrepreneurs of the 80s who made their money in property.他是80年代靠做房地产生意赚钱起家的企业家之一。vocaladj.often expressing opinions and complaints in speech喜欢畅所欲言的；直言不讳的例：He had always been a very vocal critic of the president.他一直都直言不讳地批评总统。During these years, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )suffrage demands by women became increasingly vocal.那些年，女性要求获得投票权的呼声越来越高。stock n.the amount of mone ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y that a company has through selling shares to people股本，资本例：They own 20 percent of the company's stock.他们拥有公司20%的股份。approachv.to speak to, write ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to, or visit someone in order to do something such as make a request or business agreement接洽；交涉；找…商谈；要求例：We've just approached the bank for/about a loan.我们刚刚联系银行要求贷款。She's been approached by a modelling agency.一家模特代理公司曾与她接洽过。addressvto give attention to or deal with a matter or problem对付，应付；处理例：The issue of funding has yet to be addressed.资金问题尚未得到解决。recruitv.to persuade someone to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) work for a company or become a new member of an organization, especially the army招聘，吸收；（尤指军队）征募新兵例：Charities su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch as Oxfam are always trying to recruit volunteers to help in their work.诸如乐施会这样的慈善组织总是在尽力吸收志愿者来帮助他们工作。Traffictrafficv. to buy and sell goods illegally非法交易例：They were arrested ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for trafficking in the eggs of protected species of birds.他们因非法交易国家保护鸟类所产的蛋而被捕。8. seminarn.an occasion when a t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eacher or expert and a group of people meet to study and discuss something专题讨论会；研讨会例：I attended practica ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly every lecture and seminar when I was a student.我上学的时候，几乎参加了每一场讲座和研讨会。【参考答案】1-5 KGDBI 6-10 HACEJ【答案详解】该题需要一个形容词，根据意思公司终极目标是要上市，所以选择K。该题需要一个动词原形，根据意思是开辟自己的道路，所以选择G。该题需要一个ving, 是指剩下的40%，所以选择D。该题需要一个名词，根据意思是即使10%的利益对于员工和员工的士气都是有好处的，所以选择B。该题需要一个动词过去式，考查固定搭配inspire sb to do sth, 所以选择I。该题需要一个动词过去分词，根据意思她担心他们只考虑利益，所以选择H。该题需要一个形容词，根据意思我没有雄心勃勃的增加计划，所以选择A。该题需要一个形容词，根据意思是女性更愿意说出对她们来说重要的事情，所以选择C。该题需要一个动词原形，根据意思是加强做决定的技能，所以选择E。该题需要一个动词原形，根据意思帮助员工发现奴隶的现象，所以选择J。精讲精练【知识梳理1】考纲词汇F1.face vt.a.面向,朝 The room ~s (to the) south. ~ the audience b.面对,面临 one of the greatest problems c.正视,对付~ the fact / difficulty / reality 2.fact n. in (actu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al) ~ syn. as a matter of ~ / in reality / in effect3.fail vi. a. ~ to do b. ~ in an exam = ~ to pass an exam . 4.failure F~ is the mother of success. a power ~ 停电, 5.faint adj a. a ~ voice, His strength grew ~. 6.fair n. a book ~书展, a world ~ 世博会7.faith n have / lose ~ in sb / sth 8.fall vi ~ asleep / behind / ill, ~ in love with9.false adj. true or ~, ~ teeth / hair 10.fake n Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at’s not a real diamond necklace, it’s just a ~. adj ~ fur / jewels11.fame n. ill ~ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 丑名, He quickly rose to ~出名. n. famousbe ~ for / as12.familiar adj (sb) be ~ with sth = (sth) be ~ to sb13.fancy n. a.想象力 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the novelist’s ~ b.幻想I have a ~ that it’s going to rain. c. have a ~ for football 爱好14.fantastic adj. a. ~ dreams / stories b.奇异的 ~ shapes c. You passed your test Fantastic!了不起的15.far~ / deep / late into the night, by ~16.as far asas / so far as I know / can see / remember17.far from satisfactory / enough / perfect / finished18.farewell ad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )j. have / hold a ~ party n. wave ~ / goodbye to sb 19.fascinate vt. be ~d by / with sth 被…强烈吸引住20.fashion ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n come into / be in ~, go out of / be out of ~, follow the latest ~ 21.fasten vt. ~ your seat / safety belt. ~ the door / the window 22.fat adj. a. a ~ man b. 装得满满的 a ~ letter / wallet 23.fatal adj ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). a. receive a ~ wound b. 毁灭性的be ~ to sth His illness was ~ to our plan. 使…落空24.fault n find ~ with sb, a ~ in the electrical system, 25.favour n. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a. ask / beg a ~ of sb b. do sb a ~ = do a ~ for sb c. in ~ of a). 赞成 ~ ~ ~ the plan. b). in sb’s ~ 对…有利 vt. a. 偏爱Our teacher ~s Mary. c. 赞成,喜爱 Of the two p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lans, I ~ the first. adj. favorite / favorable26.fear n for ~ of / that sb (should / might), in ~ (of sth) 27.feasible adj. a ~ plan / suggestion, It’s ~ to do sth28.feature vt. ~ quality education. n. a. carry a section of “~s” b. 特征/点/色the physical ~s of the U.S. c. pl. 容貌 a woman of delicate ~s29.feed vt ~ sb on sth = ~ sth to sb, ~ the fire with wood给…添加, ~ / live on sth, be fed up with30.fertile adj. a. ~ land b. be ~ (=rich) in, ~ / rich / vivid / lively imagination31.fetch vt. ~ (sb) the book, ~ (=collect) the child from school32.fierce a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dj. a. ~ dogs / attacks / winds b. a ~ argument / competition33.fight vt. ~ the enemy / a war, ~ one’s way out vi. ~ for /against / with n. ~ for / against34.figure n. a. The table is round in ~. b. see the ~ of a ship on the horizon c. see a ~ in the distance d. 数字e.人物 f. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )体形,身段hav a good ~, keep one’s ~ vi. ~ out a. 理解,明白 b. 计算出35.fill vt be ~ed / crowded / packed with, ~ one’s teeth ,~ / satisfy / meet the needs / requirements 36.finance n. the Minister of Finance vt. ~ more school trips financial adj. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a. in ~ difficulties b. a ~ crisis, London is a ~ centre.37.fine n pay a ~ / a bill / debts / taxes / rent vt. ~ sb $ 100 (for doing sth)38.fire n. a. on ~, catch ~ b. set sth on ~= set ~ to sth c. open / cease ~ d. keep away from the ~ vt. a. ~ a few shot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s at sb / sth b. Another mistake, and I’ll ~ you. c. 激发 ~ sb’s imagination39.firm adj a ~ faith / belief / stand, as ~ as a rock, ~ muscles / ground n. an export ~40.fit v. The co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at ~s you. The key ~s the lock. 适应~ in with the needs of the society, ~ on 装上,试穿; adj. be ~ for sth / to do sth, keep ~ / healthy41.fix vt. a. ~ a watch b. 安装 ~ a lamp c. ~ a time for the meeting d. ~ one’s attention / eyes on42.flame n. in ~s =on fire, burst into ~s / tears /laughter, ~s from the burning building43.flexible adj. a. a ~ wire b. make a ~ plan, ~ working time 44.float vi. ~ in th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e air / on water, ~ around / away / down to where he is lying vt. ~ a balloon in the sky45.flow vi. ~ into th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e sea n. a constant ~ of music, a steady ~ of traffic46.focus v ~ (one’s attention / mind / thoughts) on, ~ the camera on n. in / out of ~ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )焦距对准 /没对准 , the ~ of one’s attention / interest / trouble47.fold vt. ~ a newspaper / a letter, ~ one’s arms, a folding chair / bed48.follow vt. ~ed by sb, ~ sb (up / in / upstairs), ~ one’s advice / example / the fashion / directions, 49.forbid vt. ~ / ban / prohibit doing, ~ sb to do = ban / prohibit sb from doing, ~ sb wine50.force n. the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) police /air ~, the ~s of nature / public opinion, by ~, come into ~上台,执政vt ~ sb to do / into doing51.foresee vt. ~ sth / clause ~ the trouble / future 52.forgive vt. ~ sth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/ doing / sb (for doing), ~ sb sth I can’t ~ him his absence. syn. excuse53.form n. a. ~ and content, in the ~ of, take the ~ of b. fill in / out a ~ vt ~ the habit of doing, ~ a conclusion54.former adj. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my ~ English teacher, one’s ~ colleague, her ~ husband, the ~…, the latter55.forth adv. move / walk back and ~, and so ~, and so on and so ~56.fortune n. a. tr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y one’s ~, by good ~, tell one’s ~ b. make a large ~ (from sth) adj. (un)fortunately57.forward adv. lo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ok ~ to sth, backward(s) and ~(s), put the clock ~, put ~ a suggestion58.foundation n. a. run the Nobel F~ b. lay a (solid) ~ for sth 59.frank adj to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be ~ (with you), frankly speaking, to tell (you) the truth60.free adj a. ~ of charge b. set…~ c. be ~ of / from不/没有/无 a place free of crowds and noise, be free from wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rry / care / hunger / pain d. be ~ to do随心所欲做 vt. ~ sb from / of61.freedom n. enjoy ~ of speech, fight for ~, a way of ~ from worry 62.freeze vi. ~ / be frozen to death, freezing point / weather, frozen food63.fresh adj. in the ~ morning air, a ~ hand 一个新手, ~ water 淡水64.frighten v ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t. ~ sb to death, ~ sb out of one’s wits, be ~ed to death / out of one’s wits by the ghost, ~ sb into / ou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t of doing sth吓唬某人做/ 不做, be ~ed of =be afraid of, be ~ed at因…而害怕65.fry vt. a. The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) eggs are ~ing in the pan. b. fried rice 炒饭 c. ~ the fish for dinner, fried chicken66.fulfil(l) vt. a. 履行 ~ one’s promise / duty b. 实现 ~ one’s hope / one’s dream c.满足 ~ a desire / a requirement d. 完成 ~ the task assigned by sb 67.fun n. It’s ~ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to do sth. What ~ it is to do sth! for ~, make ~ of stb 68.function n. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the ~ of a heart, perform an important ~ vi It wasn’t ~ing well. ~ properly / stop ~ing ~ as 作…用 The sofa can ~ as / serve as / be used as a bed.69.furnish vt. a. ~ a room with sth b. = supply ~ sb with food / food to sb n. furniture [u] a piece of ~70.further adj. ~ information / discussion / explanation, 71.future n. in ~ = from now on, in the (near / distant) ~【知识梳理2】6选4是届高三新改革的题型，又称为“选句填空”，主要考察学生对文章大意结构和前后逻辑关系的把握，和通常的选词填空和完型填空有一定的相似性。6选4主要考察的体裁有说明文、议论文和记叙文，主要以说明文为主；话题涵盖了社科、生活、科技、文化、经济等，都是学生本该掌握的知识。6选4的设空一般开头两段设1空，中间两空，结尾两段设1空，而且一般都有段首空。【思路点拨】1.通读文章，了解文章大意和结构，把握作者的意图。2.注意画出选项句子的关键提示词：代词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )（特别是人称代词、指示代词和不定代词），逻辑词（并列，转折，因果，总分，例举，时间）和表达中心的实词。此外注意时态。3.注意空格句前后句的代词（特别是人称代 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词、指示代词和不定代词），逻辑词（并列，转折，因果，总分，例举，时间）和表达中心的实词。此外注意时态。4.画出每段的中心句，时刻围绕着每段的中心句进行理解。5.注意设空位置：(1)设空在第一段的句末，多数考察总起的作用，统领全文。(2)设空在段落中间的，一定要看前后句，而且要结合本段中心句。(3)设空在段末的，往往是承上的意思为主，也就是要看前文为主；小部分会“启下”，也就要看下一段的首句意思(4)设空在句首的，往往是启下的意思为主，就是要看下文；小部分也会“承上”，会看上一段的意思。(5)往往设空在句首的一般不会出现人称代词。(6)设空在最后段的，可能要总结全文的意思。6.注意逻辑关系词：but, ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wever,therefor, for example, because, and, or, furthermore, also, in addition等等。7.本着“先易后难”的原则，先做肯定，最后进行对比和排除；特别注意迷惑选项的对比和排除。【知识梳理3】六选四阅读技巧技巧一：从细节逻辑上判断---因果关系在做题时最重要的是要读懂空 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有As a result结果------，thus/therefore因此，so (such)...如此------以至于等。【高考例题】Large cities ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies. It took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. 4 .A. That kept cities very small. 【答案解析】4. A 空格的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上一句话提到了，即使在先进的农业社会，也需要大约95个农民养活5个城市人，这只有一个结果，就是使得城市很小，与A信息呼应。技巧二：从细节逻辑上判断---转折关系转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：However然而, nevertheless仍然，然而，不过, nonetheless尽管如此，依然，然而, still还；然而, though可是，不过，然而, yet然而, in spite of不顾，不管, at any rate无论如何，至少, in any case无论如何，不管怎样, whoever无论是谁, whatever无论什么，on the contrary正相反, in contrast与此相反, 相比之下, by contrast相反, 相比之下, in comparison比较起来，比较地, by comparison相比之下, conversely相反(地), otherwise否则；除此以外，not---but不是-----而是，as well也等。【高考例题1】Don’t forget to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )forgive yourself.4 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it.E. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.【答案解析】1. E根据本段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的标题为“不要忘记原谅你自己”与E项中的forgiving themselves信息一致，并且E项与后面的句子之间用but连接，有转折的语气，因此构成了一种意义上的对比关系，尤其是but这个词，更加突出了对比的意义，因此E符合这里的意义和结构。【高考例题2】Business is the o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rganized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit (利润)— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 1 D. However, some bu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sinesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.【答案解析】1. D根据前面的make a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )profit赚取利润，同时结合后面的Commonly called nonprofits,通常叫做非盈利商业，表明前后是对比的，因此D项中的however起到了这种转折的作用。同时根据前句中的the costs of operating the business也可以和D项中的operating costs 联系起来。技巧三：从细节逻辑上判断---例证关系前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。【高考例题】Business is the orga ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit (利润)— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating monly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 2 C. Examples of nonp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.【答案解析】2. C根据空格前面提到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了nonprofits,这与C中的对于nonprofits business进行举例说明有着密切的联系。技巧四：从细节逻辑上判断---递进关系递进关系主要指英语行文中后句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。表示递进关系的连词有：also也, 而且, further另外(的)；, furthermore而且，此外, likewise同样地，照样地；也，又, similarly相似地，类似地, moreover而且再者，此外, in addition另外，加之, what’s more更重要的是, too也，还, either也, neither两者都不, not only…but also不但…而且等。【高考例题】Over the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ast two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.3. Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.E. Modernizati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.【答案解析】E空格前面的一句话提 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )到，在过去的两百多里，工业革命打破了城乡之间的平衡。后一句话提到，现在的情况不是需要95个农民养活5个城市人了， 在美国一个农民就能养活100多个非农民，那么空格这里与F项信息，即现代化把更多的人吸引到城市里来，使得农民更加多产这一信息一致。技巧五：从细节逻辑上判断---平列关系表示列举关系的有：firs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t首先, 第一, second第二, third第三…; firstly第一, 首先, secondly第二(点)；其次, thirdly第三…; first第一, next其次, then那么, 然后…; in the first place第一，首先, in the second place第二, 其次…; for one thing首先，一则, for another thing其次…;to begin with首先，第一, to conclude首先，第一等One is the e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stablishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 4 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.E. The second ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.【答案解析】4. E 根据上文已经 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )提到了one和下文后面也提到了the third，因此这里是按照顺序排列，提到的应该是第二条，与E中的The second aspect相呼应。技巧六：从词汇线索上判断---代词英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。【高考例题】Britain was only the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )beginning. 2 .The process of urbanization--- the migration (迁移) of people from the countryside to the city--- was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.【答案解析】2. D根据文章的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一段说英国是第一个成为城市化社会的国家。第二段接着说英国仅仅是个开始，这是因为许多别的工业国家也开始效仿英国，成为社会化的社会，这里many other这个不定代词与前面的Britain呼应，因此D项为正确答案。技巧七：从词汇线索上判断---同义词/近义词英语前言后语之间往往有同义词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。【高考例题1】Business management ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. 3 One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. APlanning in business management has three main aspects.【答案解析】3. A根据空格前面的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一句话提到了planning，direction和control三项技巧，同时根据空格后面的one，the third等的提示，可知这里A中的planning 与前面提到的planning是同一词。【高考例题2】Empathy is also an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. 4 Academics are important. But if you don’t have emotional (情感的) intelligence, you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says.C. Good social sk ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life.【答案解析】4. C 根据后面的句子中yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u won’t be as successful in work or in your love life中的核心词successful与选项中的C句子中Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life中的核心词succeed是同一个词的不同形式，因此遵循同义词的词汇线索的特点，选C。技巧八：从词汇线索上判断---上下义词/同一范畴词上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。技巧九：从试题位置上判断---问题在段首 假如问题出现在段首，它通常 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。另外着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。【高考例题】3Keep in min ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset youB. If you wait for p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.【答案解析】3. B这是一道小标题的试题， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )位于整个段落的最前面，这样的选项，往往是对下面整个段落内容的概括和总结，反映整个段落的主旨和大意，这种试题往往需要从下面的全段中搜索核心词汇，找出做题的线索。本段指出，不要等待他人道歉。因为许多时候伤害你的人就没有打算道歉，他们也许故意想要伤害你活着和你看问题的方式不同，如果等待他人道歉，就会等相当长的时间。而B项中wait for people to apologize与本段的标题一致。技巧十：从试题位置上判断---问题在段尾所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。【高考例题】In 1990, fewer tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 3 B. The rest live in small towns.【答案解析】3. B根据现在有超过8 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )5%的美国人住在城市里，大约有2%的人住在农场；剩下大约有16%住在别的地方，即与B项其余的住在小城镇里信息一致。【高考例题】Business manag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ement is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. Planning in business management has three main aspects. One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision (监管) and guidance by the management in authority. 5 D. Humans learn b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y example—and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic.【答案解析】5. D 这个选项是一个段落的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )结尾句，这种选项通常起着总结上文，提示下文的功能，首先根据本段的第一句话提到的三项技巧planning，direction和control和空格前面已经讨论了planning和direction，因此最后剩下的应该是control与A项中的Control includes信息一致。当堂检测 - 华师大二附中 周测试卷The non-stop of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )blogs is in part due to money.The phenomenon of blogging exploded. Now blogging is not as popular as it used to be ten years ago. Then in 1999 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a fellow diarist jokingly wrote the word as “we blog” and soon the English language had a new verb “to blog”. Now it is accepted that blogs have redefined journalism. Those who used to work for newspapers and magazines started to turn to blogging.All about...BlogsDiary writing has been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) part of literature all over the world since prehistoric times. And online diaries are making the genre more popular than ever. The first is t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hought to be Justin Hall’s Links from the Underground. Justin wrote a detailed and honest account of his life between 1994 and 2005. At its peak, his website was receiving thousands of visitors a day. Three years after ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Justin’s first post, someone came up with a term for what he, and a few other people, were writing--a weblog. The word comes from the words web and log. 67 The early bloggers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )needed some technical computing skills to make their pages. But from 1999, websites as , which helped anyone to publish their own blog, started to appear. 68 By 2001, there were about a million blogs on the Internet--from “what I had for breakfast, lunch and dinner today’s blogs, receiving few, if any, visits--to protesting anti-war blogs, read and commented on by hundreds of people every hour. 69 They c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an report on news events within a few minutes and can included photo sand even video. Their readers can participate in the debate on the blogs, adding additional information and links. The news has never been so interactive. About 60 million ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) people now self-publish their diaries, thoughts and observations online--although this is undoubtedly an overestimate because many of them are never updated. 70 When Google bought in 2003, it gave its users the ability to put adverts on their websites. Popular blogs can now earn thousands of dollars a month through this method and advertising on blogs is now a multi-million dollar business. 【答案】 D B E A 【解析】67.第3段在讲 “to blog”这个词的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )由来。作者用时间（Three years after Justin’s first post...）D选项里也有时间（Then in 1999...)来贯穿事情发展的先后顺序。所以选D。68.选项B中用了 “exploded” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这个词描述了blogging这种现象的 “爆炸性的增长”, 这和其后的 “By 2001, there were about a million blogs on the Internet...”呼应。69.根据空格后的这句话 “ They ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n report on news events within a few minutes and can included photo sand even video. Their readers can participate in the debate on the blogs, adding additional information and links...” 可知，这里的they 指的是blogs，而且blogs能报道新闻事件。由此可知前面一句话主要讲的是：blogs现在已经被承认是一种新闻报道了。所以选E。70.因为空格之后的句子主要讲的是: 可以用blog赚钱的事情，故而选项中也应该有提到有关钱的事情，所以选A。上海交通大学附属中学-第一学期高三英语摸底考试卷A. The critical a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bilities are beginning to develop in adolescence.B. Their view on life usually falls on two extremes.C. Of all periods of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) life,this is what may best be called the “plastic age”.D.They are basically timid or self-conscious .E. Despite tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t,it is also in this periods that strong ties between teachers and students develop.F. Fundamentally they want to be kept busy but they refuse to admit it .Adolescents refer to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )boys and girls at high-school level--more specifically the second,third and forth years of high schools.In dealing with students at this level,we must bear in mind that to some degree they are at the difficult stage,generally called adolescence. Students at this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) level are likely to be confused mentally. They usually find it hard to concentrate on what they intend to do and often have romantic dreams._________77_______ They lack frankness and are usually very easily affected by their own emotions but hate to admit it. They are driven either by greater ambition,probably beyond their capability,or by extreme laziness caused by the fear of not succeeding or achieving objectives._________78_________.They are willing to work,but they hate to work without obtaining the result they think they should obtain.Regarding school iss ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ues,although they seldom say so,they really want to be consulted and given an opportunity to direct their own affairs,but they need a good amount of guidance.They seldom admit that they need this guidance and they frequently rebel against it. But if it its intelligently offered they accept it with enthusiasm.As to personal beliefs,most of adolescents are trying to form political ideals and they have a tendency to be sometimes extremely idealistic,and at other times conventional,blindly accepting what their fathers and grandfathers believed in._______79________.On the one hand they are too modest and on the other hand unreasonably boastful.They tend to be influenced more by a strong character than by great intelligence.__________80_________.Having a better understanding of the characteristics and needs of young people at this age is a task that falls both on educators and other people involved.It may also help the young go through this difficult and critical stage of life in a more constructive manner.【答案】：DFBC【解析】：77.空位于句中，因此需要理解上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )下文的内容。空后展开表述了青春期孩子不够坦白同时又容易被自己的情感影响并且不愿意承认，从中可以看出这些都是青春期孩子的一些性格特点，因此前面应该是对这种特点的总结。所以答案选D78.同样位于句中。空后面讲述了青春 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )期孩子们希望能够忙一点，但是又不想要白忙活，希望自己的付出能够得到相应的回报。而在选项中只有F选项说到了这一点因此选F79.空位于句中，后面的“on one ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd”和“on the other hand ”是很好的提示。后面内容涵盖了两个方面，一方面他们过于腼腆另一方面又过于自信。这是两个极端刚好与B选项内容符合。因此这里选B80.空位于段首，因此具有总结性功能。后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )面的关键词是“stage”，讲述了在这一阶段我们需要如何去帮助孩子们。因此段首内容应该是对这个阶段的总结，所以选择C。温故知新交大二附中第一学期期中考试卷A. Many of them lost their home.B. There were also a lot of accidents. C. They hoped they could make more money. D. So they left and went to find farmlands in the west.AB. It is true that the settlers ‘journey was extremely difficult AC. But the t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ruth is that the Native Americans were not the biggest problem for the settlers.In the 19 century, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) millions of European went to the USA because they wanted to find a better life. Many of them couldn't find work in cities like New York._67_ The people, called settlers, travelled west through the mountains on the Oregon Trail. Some of these pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople hoped to find gold in California. The journey sometimes took more than one year. There are a lot of films, called Westerns, about the settlers on the trail. In most of the film, we see the native Americans(American Indians) attacking the settlers, and the "Indians" killing many white people._68_ In fact, most of them were very helpful to the settlers._69_ many of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) them walked 3200 kilometers, the whole length of the trail. They had wagons, but the wagons were often too full, so people could not travel in them. Many parents also had to carry their small children. The people were very poor and many did not even have shoes— they walked the whole trail bare foot, in extremely cold temperature. More than 50,000 peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le, including many women and children, died on the trail. A lot of people died from illnesses like cholera, because the drinking water wasn’t clean. _70_Many ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )people died under the wheels of wagons, for example, and from accidental gunshots. Keys: 67~70 D AC AB B67.空格前面是陈述一个事实，19世纪时欧洲人找不到像在美国的工作，空格后说的是人们去了另一个地方，那么由此判断67空应该说的是一种结果68.空格后面in fact表示转折，说明欧洲人杀了很多白人并不是全对他们有益，由此判断空格处应该说的是白人对于他们来说并不是最大的问题69.空格后描述的都是人们旅途的艰辛70.根据后面的“for example”判断出空格处应该是一句总结性的话，并且后文中出现了accidental.上海师范大学附属中学高三测试A. Of course, you don’t always need to wear a suit.B. Besides, men care more about dress codes than women do.C. In short--remember to keep your whole style plain and simple.D. Companies ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve seen that the more relaxed attitude to dress not only promotes comfort, but also encourages younger workers to stay.E. All in all, not every company allows its staff to wear earrings.F. First, let’s look at color.Getting dressed for the officeIt’s clear that busi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ness wear has changed in the last few years--for both men and women. Even traditional business such as law companies have altered their dress codes from “smart” to “smart-casual”. (67)______. What is less clear, however, is what “smart-casual” actually means. I hope to give you a few basic tips here. There are many factors involved: for example, the particular industry you work in, how much contact you have with the public and your position in the company. The seasons even have a part to play--what is acceptable in the summer might not be in the autumn or winter.So, does “smart-cas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ual” mean you can come to work in tracksuit bottoms and sandals, or does it just mean that you don’t have to wear a tie (68)______. Fashionable colors for suits for both men and women this season are still the traditional grey, dark blue and black. You see someone wearing grey and it indicates a conservative, professional image; dark blue says you’re trustworthy; and black always looks smart and classy. These colors don’t have to look boring, however. Try wearing a shirt or blouse with a splash of color. Pale blue, pink or lilac are better than loud colors like bright pink and dark red.______. Men can go f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or a sports-type jacket, with a shirt or smart jumper. You can wear well-cut trousers made of wool, or a good pair of chinos. Women can wear trouser suits or skirt suits. You can also wear more fashionable trousers and a blouse, or a skirt and top. But be careful; avoid wearing baggy, loose clothes, very short skirts and lots of logos and patterns. If in doubt, go back to the suit. You need a similar attitude to jewellery, bags and other accessories; you should try to resist large earrings and huge, colorful bags. (70)______.Keys:67-70: DFAC67.空格前面提出穿着让人更舒适，那么后面就应该时递进的关系68．根据后面的分号，以及and，判断 应该是并列的关系，首先，，，，然后，，，，69．空格后说的是穿休闲夹克，那么空格处应该是有提出穿西装到穿休闲装的过渡句70．总结句，对前文作出总结，in short可以直接看出。
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