中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
备战2022年上海高考英语二轮复习精品讲义第9讲 词汇I+信件&议论&谚语写作 学生版
教学内容
进门小练笔 As a father of fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur, I’m concerned about how to lead my children to be good young men and women in such a turbulent time. I have studied philosophy, mysticism, and religion my entire life. They provide great lessons in responsibility and growth. However, I also recognize that, at least at this point in their lives, my children are not terribly interested in such subjects. While I was reflecting on this, I was reminded of a line in a song I had heard recently. It goes: “If you had only one chance to say something, what would it be ” That night, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I found my tow oldest kids lounging on the couch watching a TV show that featured violence, cursing and even some “adult scenes”. I quietly sat on a chair next to them. I saw my boy straighten up, and my girl pretended to ignore me. I didn’t make any usual comments about the pointlessness of such programs. I didn’t even roll my eyes, although this took some effort. I simply asked: Can you tell me how this will make you a better person Without a word, I go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t up and left the room. About ten minutes later, to my surprise, the children were in their rooms doing their homework and the television was silent. Remarkable. This philosophy can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) change the way we live our lives. For example, whenever I feel angry and get the urge to lash out, I ask myself: “How does this acting or feeling the way I do right now make me a better person ” I began to realize that rarely did my thoughts or actions result in self-improvement, so I made conscious effort to change my mindset and behavior. We all want to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be better fathers, mothers, sons and daughters. Better workers, better leaders, better lovers...... this list goes on. Sometimes succeeding in these roles can be tough. But one question aligns us with all those duties we possess to society and ourselves: “Is this making me a better person ” Whatever I said, i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t worked. My daughter has begun watching nature programs instead of violent TV shows, and she decided to go to school to become a counselor. My son told me he wants to be a police officer. I’ve since thrown away all those parenting magazines and books I’ve collected over the years because I made more progress with a single question than I did with hundreds of pages of “experts” advice. 1. When the writer f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ound his kids watching inappropriate TV programs that night, he appeared_______.A .calm B. indifferent C. critical D. anxious2.How can this philosophy change the way we live our lives A. By calming ourselves down when we are angry B. By raising a question about our current action and feeling C. By helping us realize our need for self-improvement D. By providing us with new mindset and behavior 3. Why did the writer throw away his parenting magazines and books A. Because his kids had grown out of them B. Because they didn’t offer him any help. C. Because that single question was more useful D. Because the expert advice was too much to follow 4.The wrote this passage to_______ A. convince teenagers of the downsides to watching TV B. introduce a life philosophy by telling a parenting story C. inform the readers of how he helped hid kids set good goals D. call on other othe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r parents to trust themselves instead of experts.课堂导入素材源：cbsnews（原文有删改)https://21世纪教育网/news/uc-berkeley-and-four-other-schools-removed-from-best-colleges-list-for-misreporting-statistics/ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / ) VocabularyDirections: Co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mplete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.adjust B. figure ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) C. originally D. assist E. publication F. overstated G. verify H. underperformed I. accurately J. academic K. knockedU.S. News & Worl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d Report has had to _____1_____ its popular lists of best colleges because at least five schools admitted to misreporting statistics. One of those schools, University of California–Berkeley, was _____2______ out of the No. 2 spot on the Top Public School list.U.S. News said the sch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ools will keep this "unranked" status until the _____3___of next year's Best Colleges list, if the schools confirm the accuracy of their data submission. "Misreportin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g is rare, and U.S. News takes misreporting very seriously," the publication wrote. "In addition to the rankings, U.S. News publishes data provided by schools in order to____4____consumers as they evaluate their education options." The publicatio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n relies on schools to _____5______ report data and says it checks this data in a number of ways. Year-over-year discrepancies, and comparisons to federal government sources, are two ways it may _____6____ data. However, these schools were still able to submit incorrect data — some of them for multiple years.The UC Berkeley ____7______reported that its two-year average alumni giving rate for fiscal years 2017 and 2016 was 11.6%, U.S. News said. The school recently told U.S. News the correct average alumni giving rate for just fiscal year 2016 was 7.9%. The school incorrectly ___8_____its alumni giving data to U.S. News since at least 2014. The alumni giving rate accounts for 5% of the Best Colleges ranking.Johnson & Wales recen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tly told U.S. News for every $100 of financial resources expenditures it had reported, the accurate_____9___should have been around $62. Financial resou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rces expenditures per student account for 10% of the Best Colleges ranking. In addition to this criteria and alumni giving, U.S. News also considers social mobility, undergraduate ______10___reputation, graduation and retention rates, faculty resources, student selectivity and graduation rate performance.【词汇讲解】 verify v.to prove that somethi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng exists or is true, or to make certain that something is correct证明；证实例：Are you able to verify your account/allegation/report/theory 你能证明你的陈述／指控／报告／理论吗？overstatev.to describe or ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) explain something in a way that makes it seem more important or serious than it really is把…讲得过分，夸大例：The impact of the new legislation has been greatly overstated.新立法的影响被过分夸大了。submissionn.the act of g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iving something for a decision to be made by others, or a document formally given in this way提交；呈递例：No date has yet been set for the submission of applications.申请的提交日期还未确定。 evaluatev.to judge or ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )calculate the quality, importance, amount, or value of something评估，评价；估值例：It's impossib ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le to evaluate these results without knowing more about the research methods employed.如不能对使用的研究方法有更多了解，就无法对其结果作出评价。faculty n.the people who teach in a department in a college（高等院校中院系的）全体教师例：He has been a faculty member at the college for 20 years.discrepanciesn.a difference between two things that should be the same不一致，出入，差异例：There is some discrepancy between the two accounts.这两份账单之间有一些出入。The committee is reportedly unhappy about the discrepancy in numbers.据说委员会对数字不一致很不满。expenditure n.the total amount of money that a government or person spends（政府或个人的）全部开支，花费例：It's part of a drive to cut government expenditure.这是削减政府开支的一个举措。retentionn.the continued use, existence, or possession of something or someone保留；保持；维持例：The retention of old technology has slowed the company's growth.死守着旧技术不放减缓了这家公司的发展。精讲精练知识点一： 【考纲词汇I】1.idea n have no ~ of, come up with an idea2.ideal a.完美的，理想的 n.理想，努力目标3.identify vt ~ the criminal with the help of the DNA technology identify ....as 把....认为.... identification n. ID card身份证4. idiom n. 习语，成语5.ignore vt ~ one’s advice cf: neglect /overlook ignorant adj. be ignorant of / that 对…无知 n. ignorance 6. illegal a. 违法的7.illustrate vt (用图或例子)说明 illustration n.8. image n. imaginary a. 想象的，虚构的9. imitate v. 模仿10. immigrant11.impact n ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke / have an ~ on 对某人有影响 syn. have an effect / influence on 12. impatient ~ for sth.急于某事 impatient to do sth 十分想做某事13. imperial a. 帝国的 The Imperial Palace 皇宫14. impersonal a. 非个人的，没有人情味的 a large impersonal organization15. implement n. 工具，用具 vt. 实施，执行 gardening implements16.implicati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on n What’s the ~ of the word = What does the word imply imply vt. 17. import n the ~ of food from abroad ant. Export18. impose vt. 征 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )税；把---强加于 ~ sth. on sth. vi 利用，占便宜，欺骗 Thank you for your offer but I don’t want to impose on you.19. impress vt. What ~ed sb most was, be ~ed by / with 被…感动, impression leave / make an ~ on sb, 20. incident n. 事件，小事21. increase vt ~ profits / efficiency n. with the ~ of population, 在增长着 22.indicate vt 表示/表明23.individual adj personal / private 24.industrializ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e vt highly ~d areas industry n. 工业 industrial adj.25.inevitable adj an ~ disaster, It is ~ that… 26. infant 婴儿27..infer vt.28.infect vt be ~ed with the flu29. inferior a. /n.30.influence vt ~ sb / sth n have ~ on / upon influential adj an ~ newspaper / writer 31.inform vt. ~ sb of / about sth / that, keep sb ~ed (of sth) 32. informative a. 增进知识的，提供信息的33. ingredient n. 组成部分，成分34. inhabitant n. 居民35.inherit vt ~ sth from sb36.initial adj the ~ letter of a word 首字母37.inject vt inject penicillin into sb = ~ sb with penicillin injection n. give sb an ~ of, 38.injure vt (sb) be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ~d in an accident n. injury ~ to sth /sb injury n. 伤害， 损害39. inner a./n.40.innocent adj as ~ as an new born infant41. innovation n. 改革，创新，新方法42.inquire vi ~ / ask about= make inquires about inquiry n. 询问，打听43.insist v ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). ~ on / persist in / stick to / persevere in / hold out 44.inspect vt a. ~ a factory b. ~ an army 45. instance n. 例子，实例46.install vt ~ a telephone 47.instant ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n. the~=the moment, the minute, as soon as, hardly/scarcely/barely/rarely…when no sooner…than adj. ~ coffee / noodle, a patient in ~ need of first aid48.interval n at ( regular) ~s 每隔一段时间（距离）49.instinct n have an ~ for act on ~ 凭直觉行动50.instruct vt ~ sb in maths / teach sb maths, instruction n give ~ in English instructive adj 有教育意义的51.insult vt ~ sb, an ~ing remark 52.insurance n fire / life / household / personal ~, 53.intelligent adj. 54.intend vt ~ (sb/ sth) to do be intended for intention n. ~ of doing sth / that I’ve no ~ of changing my mind.55. interaction n. 相互作用，相互影响56. intermediate a. 中等程度的，中间的57.interpret vt. 理解,解释,口译 interpretation, interpreter n.58.interrupt vt. ~ sb /one’s speech / traffic 59.introduce vt ~ A to B 60.invade vt ~ a country with a large army61.invest vt vi investment62.investigate ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) vt ~ the crime / the cause of the accident vi. ~ / look / inquire into sth. investigation n.63.involve vt be involved in ~ sb in the quarrel64.isolate vt be ~d from others 65.issue n . the July ~ of the magazine vt. a. Newspapers are ~ed every day. 66 .inaccessible adj sth be ~ to sb 难以到达/进入的知识点二（信件写作）【知识梳理1】Letter of Advice 特点：建议信要写出写信的原因， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )建议信的内容，提出建议的理由，提出的理由要入情入理，语气一定要礼貌当先。因此建议信要写得简明扼要，目的明确，具有合理性和说服力。Para 1. 自我介绍+简略翻译文字材料+写信目的为了提出自己的建议 I am …, … … I’d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) like to take this opportunity to express my suggestion concerning it .Para 2 委婉地提出建议及改进措施，或提出忠告+出此建议的原因 I would recommend you to … (具体的建议) In my opinion, it would be beneficial if …Para3. 期盼回复 I hope that you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )take my suggestion into serious consideration. I am dying for reply.【例文欣赏】学校图书馆需要购置一批新书，现向学生征求意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )见。假如你是王凯，请用英语给图书馆孙老师写一封邮件，推荐你认为学校图书馆最需要购置的两类图书，并说明理由。 下表所列图书类别可供参考：● Computer science ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ● Popular Science
● Philosophy and psychology ● Arts and recreation● Social sciences ● Literature● Language ● History and geographyDear Mr. Sun,Having learnt t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat our library is planning to buy some new books to equip itself with better resources and you, the one who will make the final decision on what kind of books shall be purchased, are asking for more suggestions, I would like to share my personal opinion with you.Firstly, what w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e need most are Popular Science books. Usually popular science books explain basic principles of nature in a simple and interesting way. They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity about scientific discoveries. Especially for those who hold the prejudice that all stuff involved in science are boring and unattractive.Secondly, in ad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dition to reading for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration. That is why I recommended another category of books: literature books. Classic works, written by masters, present great thoughts through telling fascinating stories and using delicate language. They not only offer us joy and excitement, but also encourage us to think critically. Reading this kind of books more often will make us more sensitive to the world. I will be so gl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad if you can take my recommendations into consider. Yours sincerely【知识梳理2】Application letter 特点：申请信是写信人就某一职位或成为会员 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )等向收信人提出请求。作为一种正规信件，申请信的语言要求有礼貌。考生在写作时还应该注意信息的的说服力，并且强调自身独特的经历和优点。Para 1 自我介绍+信息来源+写信目的（对职位感兴趣） I am writing to recommend myself to join (in )… Para 2 强调自身优点（自己能为对方做什么）+希望能获得什么 I think I am the right person for your company/ club ,because…Para 3 表示感谢和期待对方给自己的申请以优先考虑 Thank ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for considering my application and I am looking forward to your reply. If you need to know any more about me, please contact me.【例文欣赏】校图书馆在校园网登出广告，拟招 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )聘一名图书管理员助理(the Assistant Librarian)，请以Simon Johnson为名写一封求职信，内容必须包括：简述你写信的目的及对该职位的看法说明你的理由，证明你能胜任该职位（注意：信中不能提及你的真实身份）Dear Sir or Madam, I have been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )exposed to the news that an assistant librarian is wanted in our school library, which arises my great interests. So I write to you in the hope of being given a chance. My reasons are listed as follows. I have alway ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s wanted to work in a library since I was a child because of my great love for books, in which a whole world of treasure are to be digged. The job was fascinating to me as I can really have a very intimate contact with the most sacred and yet least unapproachable things among all things. However passion ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ate I may be, it is very clear to me that I need to have practical skills and appropriate qualities required and do practical work with great care and patience. As to the part of practical skills, I used to work as a librarian in my junior high school for two semesters straight, which I suppose can be counted as my work experience for this position and gives a solid proof that I should be well-qualified for it pretty soon. While in regard to the “software” part of patience and carefulness, my teachers often ask me to correct papers and other assignments for them, which provides reasonable evidence that I am in possession of the aforementioned two qualities. I genuinely h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ope that you can take my application into serious consideration and great efforts are sure to be devoted to this meaningful position if I am offered the honor. Anyway, thank you for your time and wish you all the best!Yours sincerely,Simon Smith主题词汇及句型积累：be exposed to 暴露于，接触arise one’s interests 激起某人的兴趣be qualified for 有资格胜任in regard to 关于in possession of 拥有take …into serious consideration 把……考虑其中be sure to 必定，肯定be devoted to 致力于【知识梳理3】Letter of Complaint特点：投诉信要开门见山指明投诉的具体物品/事件。接着将事件给你带来的身体和心理的影响简洁公正地描述出来。最后清楚地表明你想如何得到解决。Para 1 直截了当的说明要投诉的产品和服务。 +广告中描述的效果 I am writing to complain about … In your ads, you claim that …Para 2 何时何地购买的产品+保留了发票（receipt）Para 3 按照说明书使用后发生的事情+对于身心造成的影响 I followed your instructions carefully. Yet… Para 4 希望得到的解决方法+可能采取的措施+期盼回复 I expect you t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o refund my cost and pay me damages for the trouble. If you don’t do this, I will…… I am looking forward to your timely reply.【例文欣赏】假如你是小明，你最近刚刚上完一个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )培训中心的英语培训课，请你就自己的经历给培训中心的沈老师写一份信，讲述自己对培训课满意及不满意的地方（仅各需提出一点），并提出相应的改善意见。 (可参考以下所提供的信息，也可独立思考。)满意的地方教室装备了先进的电脑老师具有幽默感；对英语有良好的掌握…不满意的地方上课的人数太多学校的地理位置不太方便…建议减少班级的学生人数提供区间车供学生们往返…字数180字左右。Dear EricI have just fini ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )shed the English training course in your tutorial center. First of all, I just want you to know that all the efforts and time the teachers have put in to help me improve my English is highly-appreciated. Therefore, in return, I think it might be helpful to give you some of my feedback and suggestions based on my personal experience. To begin with, one th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing that I am satisfied about is that each classroom has been equipped with advanced computers, which allows all of the students to have free access to the Internet. Apart from that, the teachers’ good command of English and their sense of humor have left quite a deep impression on me. During the teaching process, not only did they give practical demonstrations of different English skills especially related to reading and writing, but they also entertained us with their jokes and stories.However, des ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pite all those mentioned above, your tutorial center still leaves something to be desired. Honestly, if you put too many students in one class, the teachers are not likely to pay attention to everyone in the classroom. I can understand that you need to cut the overall costs but simply increasing the number of students per class doesn’t seem to be a good way at all. So I recommend you to offer small classes by charging a little bit higher tuition fees as long as they are affordable for us students. What’s more, the tutorial center is so inconveniently-located that most of the students need to spend a lot of time getting there. And as far as I am concerned, it is nothing but a waste of time. So for the students’ convenience, you can provide some shuttle buses from the main underground stations to the tutorial center. That’s my suggestions. I hope they might be of help.YoursXiao Ming主题词汇及句型积累：a tutorial center 培训辅导in return _________________equip A with B _______________entertain sb. with sth. ______________for one’s convenience _______________知识点三（议论文写作）【知识梳理】问题解决型作文模板问题解决型模板一问题解决型模板二 问题解决型模板三 1.With the ___ of ___, _____.1.There has been a discussion recently about ________1.Nowadays,there is a growing concern on ________.2.So it is of great importance for us to ____.2.It is true to the present situation that ______.2. It is certain that _____.3. On one hand, _____.3. But _______.3. However, ________ 4.On the other hand, _______.4.As is known to all, there are many ways __________.4.It will cause many serious results if ________5.However, we have figured out many ways to _______.5. First of all, ________.5.Firstly, _______.6.Firstly, _____.6. Furthermore, ________.6. Secondly, ________7.So long as _________.7. Last but not least, _________ 7.Finally, _________.8,Secondly, ________8. So it is high time for us to _____.8.In spite of all these, there are still many ways _________.9.Thirdly, _____.9.That is because _______.9. First of all, _______.10. In fact, ________.10. Secondly, _____.10. In addition, _________11. That is because ______.11. Thirdly, _________.11. Thirdly, _______.12. In a word, ________12. In conclusion, _________12.Only in this way, _________. . 写作模板问题解决型-----对某一问题/话题进行分析,找出解决办法,表达自己的看法. 第一段：Nowadays，we ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve to face a problem that…(问题) /Nowadays，more and more people are concerned about the problem…(问题) /It is important for us to…(问题). For instance_____________________(例一) First，_________________________(原因一). Moreover，_____________________(例二) Second，_______________________(原因二) 第二段：People h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave figured out many ways to solve the problem． /Confronted with…(问题)we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation． Firstly，________________________(解决方法一) Secondly，______________________(解决方法二) 第三段：1)Personal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly，I believe that_______________(我的方法) /To me，I am taking two ways to solve the problem of…(问题) One of them is ________________________(我的方法) The other way is_______________________(方法二) By now ways have been working perfectly and efficient1y…(结果) 2) In conclusio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n/In a word/To sum up/In summary/Obviously/It’s clear that…/It’s no doubt that….现象解释型作文模板现象解释型模板一现象解释型模板二现象解释型模板三Topicrecently,_______what amazes us most is________it is true that________Topic as is known to all,___________seem to get accustomed to ___In fact,______Topic nowadays,______for one thing,_________for another,_________it is obvious that________4.there are many reasons explaining______5. the main reason is __6. what is more,___________7. thirdly, _________8. as a result,_________4.the reasons of _______lie in several aspects.5.firstly, ________6.secondly,_____7 thirdly,__________8, finally,_________many remarkable factors contribute to______first of all,___________in addition,______finally_________9.considering all these,__10. for one thing,____11.for another,__12.in conclusion,______9,as a matter of fact,____10, on the one hand,_________11, on the other hand, ______12, therefore,_____9, as to me __________10, as we know,_________11.besides,_______12.In a word,_________现象解释型叙事类模板一现象解释型图表类模板一现象解释型图表类模板二Topic it so happened that ______just at the moment,_________it impressed me most because________Topicas is clearly show in the chart/table/figure/graph,________especially,______there are three reasons for_______Topic the table/ graph /figure/ chart shows that ____it is self-evident that___________three possible reasons contribute to _____4.what happened was ________at first,_____almost at the same time,__________what’s more,＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿as a result,_____to begin with,______in addition,_＿＿＿＿＿＿＿for example, _____last but not least，＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿8.in short,_____4. one reason is that_________5. another reason is that__________6. for instance,__________7.what’s more,__________8. as a result,_________as I understand,______on the one hand,_______on the other hand,______therefore,____ as far as I am concerned/as for me/for my part,_____On one hand,______On the other hand,_________In brief________9, however, in my opinion,______10, for one thing,______11, for the other thing,________12, to sum up, in conclusion__对比论述型作文模板对比论述型模板一对比论述型模板二对比论述型模板三TopicThere is a heated debate over _______It is commonly accepted that_______In contrast, others,______Topic recently, we may hear quite different opinions_____most people take it for granted that________]however, others hold _________Topic different people will offer quite different ideas___________many people assert_________however, others believe____________Those who hold the first opinion suggest________In their view,_______However, others think__________They argue that ______4.a dominant idea is that __________5. In this view,_______Nevertheless, the objectors think__________They argue that__________Some may proclaim_______They maintain such as idea because_________In contrast, the objections think__________They argue that_______-Considering one after another, I stand on the side of________First of all,________Further more,_________Thirdly,_______Therefore,______As to me , I prefer_________On the one hand,__________On the other hand,__________Therefore,___________In conclusion,＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿As far as I am concerned, I agree to________First,______Second,_________Last but not least,________In a word, ______对比选择型---不同观点对比---列举理由---然后自己的观点. 第一段：Some people tend to think that_________________________(观点一) They point out that__________________________________(理由一) Additionally，_____________________________________(理由二) A case in point is___________________________________(举例) Therefore_________________________________________(小结) 第二段：On the con ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )trary，other people hold the view that_____________(观点二) They argue that_______________________________________(理由一) What's more________________________________________(理由二) As an illustration，__________________________________(举例) Accordingly，_____________________________________(小结) 第三段：As far as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I am concerned，(I think) ________________________(我的观点) The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reason is that_______________________________________(理由一) And also，____________________________________________(理由二) So，_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________________________________________________ (总结自己的观点) 说明利弊型----某观点/某件事/某现象有利(列举好处),也有弊(列举弊端),应如何正确对待 第一段：[某观点/某件事/某现象有利(列举 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )好处)]Whenever we hear people say that_____(主题)we'll instantly have the idea that it is a good／bad thing for_______(某人) Indeed，_________(主题)have advantages to_____________(某人)We can take_____________________(举例)as an example… It will benefit____________________(好处一) In addition______________________(好处二) 第二段：[也有弊(列举 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )弊端)]In the mean time，we must realize those disadvantages of____(主 题) First of all, _______________(坏处一) Second,___________________(坏处二) 第三段: [应如何正确对待]To ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sum up the above arguments, I think a proper attitude towards__________(主题) is that_______________________(我的观点) 对立观点式 A. 有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？ B. 有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？ C. 我的看法。 Some people are in fav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that _______________________支持X 的第一个原因。 They also argue that _____________________________支持X 的另一个原因。However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that____________ 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: ________________一个例子。There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dvantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。 批驳观点式 A. 一个错误观点。 B. 我不同意。 Many people argu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e that ____________________错误观点。By saying that, they mean _________________对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that _______一个例子。 （According to a survey ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them ________赞成 这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）。 There might b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e some element of truth in these people’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that _______与错误观点相反的观点。 There are a number of reasons behind my belief. 主题型议论文 阐述主题型 第一段：A famous sa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ying goes that_____________________(名言或谚语). It means that____________(释义). An example of this case is____________________(举例，解释). 第二段：Anothe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r case in point is_______________________(例二)/Secondly,_______ 第三段：I like ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the saying ____________(名言) which encourages me____________(理由) 【例文欣赏】Directions:Write ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given in Chinese.近几来，随着媒体对几起问题食品的曝光 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，人们日益关注着食品的安全问题。请以“My View on Food Security”为题，谈谈你对食品安全的看法，分析其产生的原因，并谈谈解决这些问题的方法。My View on Food SecurityOver the past ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )couple of years, several cases of the food scandal have been disclosed on various media. The problem of food security has become a hot button across society. The prevalence of food insecurity has greatly impacted public health, which the government could not afford to ignore. There are a couple ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of driving forces, I would argue, behind this undesirable tide. First, in the course of the rapid economic evolution, we ignore moral education, giving rise to the rising rate of the problem. More importantly, the lack of adequate regulation and punishment on those illegal producers enforces the trend. As Confucius ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )instructed, it is better late than never. Prompt and strict measures should be taken to turn back this evil trend. The government should launch a massive moral campaign to educate all citizens and draw up tougher laws to crack down on those irresponsible corporations and prohibit them from entering the food industry again. I am firmly convinced that through our combined efforts we are bound to enjoy more risk-free foods in the future. 知识点四（谚语作文）【知识梳理】类型一：阐述名句型Directions: Write ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.古人云：“天生我材必有用”（Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere must be a use for my talent.）。通过描述你生活中的一件事，说明人各有所长，无论才能大小都能成为有用的人。从上面的例子可见，对于谚语警句类阐述名句型作文的写作，只需要学生结合谚语本身的含义，通过举例具体解释该句谚语警句即可。写作思路：第一段：开头，引出谚语第二段：具体事例解释谚语警句含义第三段：总结全文，深化主题 类型一：观点议论型 上海市高考中出现的谚语警 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句类作文中，到目前为止暂时没有出现谚语警句类观点议论型作文的写作。由于高考的写作命题越来越接近大学英语四六级的作文，所以这里就从四六级中挑选一片谚语警句型议论文写作。如大学英语六级作文“haste makes waste”,要求写一篇议论文，论证该谚语的正确性。写作思路：第一段：根据谚语，总结观点 第二段：2—3个分论点论证自己的观点第三段：总结全文，憧憬实践【例文赏析】俗语说：欲速则不达（The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) more haste , the less speed.）。请你结合生活实例，谈谈你对这句话的感悟。你的文章必须包括以下内容：1.一个有关这句话的生活实例2.你对这句话的理解感悟审题分析：一、本题是一篇谚语格言类作文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，属于夹叙夹议类作文。根据题目要求，文章必须包括一个相关实例和对此俗语的理解感悟。这个“实例”可以是作者自己的经历，也可以使其他说明这条俗语的事例；理解感悟需要点名对此俗语理解的角度中心，并围绕此中心展开议论。二、对谚语格言类文章来说，所举例子要说明问题，对例子的描述要精炼到位；二理解感悟部分的语言则要讲透此俗语所要表达的人生道理。范文点评： There is a we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll-known saying which goes that “ The more haste ,the less speed .” [Evidently, this hold true for a lot of situations in life in which anxiety and thoughtlessness may disrupt a supposedly good prospect.][For example, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )when you take an English test which requires you to complete questions based on an article,it would be advisable for you to read slowly and carefully until you grasp a clear picture of the author’s main ideas and implications, ready to answer the questions. On the contrary, if you worry about time running out and thus push yourself to read faster than you can handle, chances are that you might go back and re-read for important information. ][ This saying, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )which has been handed down from generation to generation, sharply points out how crucial it is to approach life situations calmly.] A level and balanced mindset helps one to maximize one’s performance even against the most urgent and difficult circumstances. [Anxiety drives people to irrationality.] [Metaphorically speaking, if you rush, you might just crash, and ultimately end up slower than ready walkers, simply because they have better judgment of their capacities than you do.]Therefore, it is im ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )portant to avoid haste in life. Eventually, you will save time by not stumbling and falling all the way.好词好句：当堂检测一. 配套翻译2021崇明一模72. 足不出户，你就可以在网上逛遍全球各大博物馆。(without) 73. 多亏了社会各界人士的慷慨解囊，这个孤儿院才得以在今年年初办了起来。(found) 74. 消防队员们不仅营救了事故现场的工人，还成功阻止了有毒气体的蔓延。(Not only) 75. 各国应基于大会上所达成的共识，加强全球合作，共同应对人类面临的挑战。(base) 二. 作文练习3选1【课堂练习1】采访（一位影视明星，一位宇航员，一位环境学家environmentalist ）。 给陈校长写信，信中包括：1. 你建议邀请的名人。2. 你邀请该名人的理由。3. 你想采访该名人的问题、（文中不得出现考生姓名，学校等任何真实信息）【课堂练习2】 Directions: For this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1. 现在网上购物已成为一种时尚 2. 网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3. 我的建议（2012长宁一模）【课堂练习3】常言说：“种瓜得瓜，种豆得 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )豆”（As a man sows, so shall he reap），请根据你的亲身经历或身边的事例谈谈这句话带给你的启示。温故知新2021黄浦一模Traveling,at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )least traveling any considerable distance, means dealing with airports. I've seen my share of airports. They come in several ____41____,The smallest I have been through was in the African town of Hoedspruit where the main waiting area was smaller than many school classrooms, security and ticket checking were both ____42____ by one person who was also controlling the gate onto the airfield and you had to walk out to the plane and climb the stairs to get in. It was even smaller than Canada's Moncton airport where the person taking the tickets was also one of the two ____43____ on our flight.At the other ex ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )treme are the ____44____,modern airports in the world's major cities. LAX,in Los Angeles has two parallel runways and provides the unusual opportunity to watch out the window of your landing aircraft as another one lands right beside you. Some,such as Beijing's Capital International Airport, SeaTac in Seattle and the International Airport in San Francisco, like those in Hong Kong and Shanghai,have ____45____ terminals connected by different buses or underground trains. Finding a connecting flight often means changing terminals, which can be a little ___46_____.Heathrow airport in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) London,England, ____47____ that bigger is not always better.Heathrow consists of terminals used by various ____48____ and is centered around an area that contains stores and restaurants. At Heathrow the tired traveler gets the ____49____ that they want you to spend your time in the stores because they won't announce the gate from which your flight will leave until about an hour before flight time.Given that they start to get people onto the planes half an hour before takeoff that leaves just 30 minutes to find and ____50____ your gate,some of which are a 25-minute walk from the store area. There is absolutely no ___51_____ for this because the airport authorities know even before the day begins how many flights are arriving and departing and where they plan to put them. If I have just come off one long flight and I'm waiting for another, what I want is a quiet place not an area ____52____ bright lights and noisy shoppers.Travel, for me, is i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nteresting but when I have to fly, getting there is ____53____ not half the fun. Airplanes are very efficient way to move people long distances and airports are a(n) ____54____ part of the process. Most airport their best to provide a good traveling experience but they are to be ____55____，not really 41. A.types B. cities C. areas D. sizes42. A.identified B. handled C. promoted D. processed43. A. guards B. astronauts C. pilots D. passengers44. A. tremendous B. crowded C. international D. fashionable45. A. flexible B. multiple C. available D. irregular46. A. exciting B. astonishing C. confusing D. encouraging47. A. regulates B. emphasizes C. encounters D. demonstrates48. A. functions B. departments C. airlines D. authorities49. A. recreation B. presentation C. announcement D. impression50. A. look for B. get to C. meet at D. check out51. A. exception B. doubt C. apology D. excuse52. A. filled with B. dominated by C. decorated with D. recognized by53. A. increasingly B. permanently C. attentively D. definitely54. A. effective B. optional C. necessary D. suitable55. A. simplified B. endured C. declared D. paralleled2021黄浦一模Singapore's Information Technology StrategySingapore's informati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on technology strategy rests on two major legs. The first leg is world-class basic facilities.Being a city-state, it is relatively easy to connect every home,office and hotel room. Our objective is to provide broad-band everywhere, either wired or wireless. We will make it a readily available utility like water, electricity, gas and telephone. We are well on our way there. We now require, by regulation,every new home to be equipped with broad-band in the same way as it is required to have water and electricity.The second leg i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the education of our entire population in IT(information technology). Like reading, writing and arithmetic,computers are best learned when we are young/Today's children can click the mouse faster than we can blink. In many countries, children of middle-class families have no difficulty with this new technology. But, without special effort,there is a danger that children of poorer families will miss out on the opportunity to learn IT. Like the piano and violin, one can still learn the computer as an adult. But rarely does one acquire the same facility. The Strategy in Singapore is therefore to teach information technology to every child regardless of his family background. The Education Ministry now has a multi-billion dollar program to provide one computer for every 2 schoolchildren in Singapore from first grade onwards. Every teacher will have a notebook.Most Singaporeans now ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) understand the importance of IT, if not for themselves, at least for their children and grandchildren. Over 40% of households in Singapore now own PCs. Over one-third of households in Singapore already enjoy access to Internet. What we want is for every Singaporean to be computer literate so that he can function effectively in any bank, factory or restaurant, just as one would expect an employee to be able to read, write and count. An employer in Singapore in the future should not have to worry that his employee does not know how to use a computer or the Internet.
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备战2022年上海高考英语二轮复习精品讲义第9讲 词汇I+信件&议论&谚语写作 教师版
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进门小练笔 As a father of fou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r, I’m concerned about how to lead my children to be good young men and women in such a turbulent time. I have studied philosophy, mysticism, and religion my entire life. They provide great lessons in responsibility and growth. However, I also recognize that, at least at this point in their lives, my children are not terribly interested in such subjects. While I was reflecting on this, I was reminded of a line in a song I had heard recently. It goes: “If you had only one chance to say something, what would it be ” That night, I found ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my tow oldest kids lounging on the couch watching a TV show that featured violence, cursing and even some “adult scenes”. I quietly sat on a chair next to them. I saw my boy straighten up, and my girl pretended to ignore me. I didn’t make any usual comments about the pointlessness of such programs. I didn’t even roll my eyes, although this took some effort. I simply asked: Can you tell me how this will make you a better person Without a w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ord, I got up and left the room. About ten minutes later, to my surprise, the children were in their rooms doing their homework and the television was silent. Remarkable. This philosop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hy can change the way we live our lives. For example, whenever I feel angry and get the urge to lash out, I ask myself: “How does this acting or feeling the way I do right now make me a better person ” I began to realize that rarely did my thoughts or actions result in self-improvement, so I made conscious effort to change my mindset and behavior. We all want to be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )better fathers, mothers, sons and daughters. Better workers, better leaders, better lovers...... this list goes on. Sometimes succeeding in these roles can be tough. But one question aligns us with all those duties we possess to society and ourselves: “Is this making me a better person ” Whatever I sai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d, it worked. My daughter has begun watching nature programs instead of violent TV shows, and she decided to go to school to become a counselor. My son told me he wants to be a police officer. I’ve since thrown away all those parenting magazines and books I’ve collected over the years because I made more progress with a single question than I did with hundreds of pages of “experts” advice. 1. When the w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )riter found his kids watching inappropriate TV programs that night, he appeared_______.A .calm B. indifferent C. critical D. anxious2.How can this philosophy change the way we live our lives A. By calming ourselves down when we are angry B. By raising a question about our current action and feeling C. By helping us realize our need for self-improvement D. By providing us with new mindset and behavior 3. Why did the writer throw away his parenting magazines and books A. Because his kids had grown out of them B. Because they didn’t offer him any help. C. Because that single question was more useful D. Because the expert advice was too much to follow 4.The wrote this passage to_______ A. convince teenagers of the downsides to watching TV B. introduce a life philosophy by telling a parenting story C. inform the readers of how he helped hid kids set good goals D. call on o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ther other parents to trust themselves instead of experts.【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B【分析】这篇阅读试题分析：本文讲述的是一个父亲如 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )何更好教育自己的孩子去成长为更好的人，不是通过简单的专家意见，而是反思自己如何做才会变成一个更好的人，进而去教育孩子。(1). 细节题。根据文章第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )二段I quietly sat on a chair next to them. I saw my boy straighten up, and my girl pretended to ignore me. I didn’t make any usual comments about the pointlessness of such programs. I didn’t even roll my eyes, although this took some effort.故A正确。(2). 推理题。根据文章第四 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段This philosophy can change the way we live our lives. For example, whenever I feel angry and get the urge to lash out, I ask myself: “How does this acting or feeling the way I do right now make me a better person ” I began to realize that rarely did my thoughts or actions result in self-improvement, so I made conscious effort to change my mindset and behavior.改变的是行为模式和思维模式。故D正确。(3). 推理题。作者通过自己的改变，一个简单的问题达到了最好的结果。故C正确。(4). 主旨大意题。作者在讲述一件小事来解释怎样做更好的父母，教育好孩子。故B正确。课堂导入素材源：cbsnews（原文有删改) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / ) VocabularyDirections: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.adjust B. figure ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) C. originally D. assist E. publication F. overstated G. verify H. underperformed I. accurately J. academic K. knockedU.S. News & ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )World Report has had to _____1_____ its popular lists of best colleges because at least five schools admitted to misreporting statistics. One of those schools, University of California–Berkeley, was _____2______ out of the No. 2 spot on the Top Public School list.U.S. News said the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )schools will keep this "unranked" status until the _____3___of next year's Best Colleges list, if the schools confirm the accuracy of their data submission. "Misreporting is rar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e, and U.S. News takes misreporting very seriously," the publication wrote. "In addition to the rankings, U.S. News publishes data provided by schools in order to____4____consumers as they evaluate their education options." The publication ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )relies on schools to _____5______ report data and says it checks this data in a number of ways. Year-over-year discrepancies, and comparisons to federal government sources, are two ways it may _____6____ data. However, these schools were still able to submit incorrect data — some of them for multiple years.The UC Berkeley ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ____7______reported that its two-year average alumni giving rate for fiscal years 2017 and 2016 was 11.6%, U.S. News said. The school recently told U.S. News the correct average alumni giving rate for just fiscal year 2016 was 7.9%. The school incorrectly ___8_____its alumni giving data to U.S. News since at least 2014. The alumni giving rate accounts for 5% of the Best Colleges ranking.Johnson & Wales rec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ently told U.S. News for every $100 of financial resources expenditures it had reported, the accurate_____9___should have been around $62. Financial res ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ources expenditures per student account for 10% of the Best Colleges ranking. In addition to this criteria and alumni giving, U.S. News also considers social mobility, undergraduate ______10___reputation, graduation and retention rates, faculty resources, student selectivity and graduation rate performance.【词汇讲解】 verify v.to prove that someth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing exists or is true, or to make certain that something is correct证明；证实例：Are you able to verify your account/allegation/report/theory 你能证明你的陈述／指控／报告／理论吗？overstatev.to describe or e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xplain something in a way that makes it seem more important or serious than it really is把…讲得过分，夸大例：The impact of the new legislation has been greatly overstated.新立法的影响被过分夸大了。submissionn.the act of giving ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )something for a decision to be made by others, or a document formally given in this way提交；呈递例：No date has yet been set for the submission of applications.申请的提交日期还未确定。 evaluatev.to judge or calculat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e the quality, importance, amount, or value of something评估，评价；估值例：It's impossible to e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )valuate these results without knowing more about the research methods employed.如不能对使用的研究方法有更多了解，就无法对其结果作出评价。faculty n.the people who teach in a department in a college（高等院校中院系的）全体教师例：He has been a faculty member at the college for 20 years.discrepanciesn.a difference between two things that should be the same不一致，出入，差异例：There is some discrepancy between the two accounts.这两份账单之间有一些出入。The committee is reportedly unhappy about the discrepancy in numbers.据说委员会对数字不一致很不满。expenditure n.the total amount of money that a government or person spends（政府或个人的）全部开支，花费例：It's part of a drive to cut government expenditure.这是削减政府开支的一个举措。retentionn.the continued use, existence, or possession of something or someone保留；保持；维持例：The retention of old technology has slowed the company's growth.死守着旧技术不放减缓了这家公司的发展。【参考答案】1-5 AKEDI 6-10 GCFBJ【答案详解】该题需要一个动词原形，根据意思(U.S. N ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ews & World Report)不得不修改其发布的最受欢迎大学排行榜，因为至少有五所学校承认谎报了数据。所以选择A。该题需要一个动词过去分词， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据意思加州大学伯克利分校(University of California-Berkeley)被挤出了排名第二的公立学校名单。所以选择K。该题需要一个名词，根据意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )思《美国新闻与世界报道》说，如果这些学校确认它们提交的数据是准确的，那么在明年最佳大学名单更新的时候才会重新放入。所以选择E。该题需要一个动词原形，根据意思除了排名，本刊还公布学校提供的数据，以帮助学生选择学校。”所以选择D。该题需要一个副词，因为整个句子不缺成分，根据意思该出版物的数据是由学校提供的，而且会通过多种方式检查这些数据。所以选择I。该题需要一个动词原形，根据意思其验证数据的方式，是通过看年间之间的差异和来源于联邦政府数据的比较。所以选择G。该题需要一个副词，因为整个句子都 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不缺成分，根据意思加州大学伯克利分校最初报告称，该校2017和2016财年的两年平均校友捐赠率为11.6%。该校最近告诉《美国新闻》(U.S. News)，就2016财年而言。。。。所以选择C。该题需要一个动词三单或者过去式，根据意思至少从2014年起，该校就向《美国新闻与世界报道》提供了虚假的校友捐赠率。所以选择F。 该题需要一个名词，且是名词单数，后面给出的是具体数字，所以选择B。该题需要一个形容词，根据意思除了这个标 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )准和校友捐赠率，《美国新闻与世界报道》还考虑了社会流动性、本科学术名声、毕业率、留职率、师资力量和学生的选择率。所以选择J。精讲精练知识点一： 【考纲词汇I】1.idea n have no ~ of, come up with an idea2.ideal a.完美的，理想的 n.理想，努力目标3.identify vt ~ the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) criminal with the help of the DNA technology identify ....as 把....认为.... identification n. ID card身份证4. idiom n. 习语，成语5.ignore vt ~ one’s advice cf: neglect /overlook ignorant adj. be ignorant of / that 对…无知 n. ignorance 6. illegal a. 违法的7.illustrate vt (用图或例子)说明 illustration n.8. image n. imaginary a. 想象的，虚构的9. imitate v. 模仿10. immigrant11.impact n make / ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have an ~ on 对某人有影响 syn. have an effect / influence on 12. impatient ~ for sth.急于某事 impatient to do sth 十分想做某事13. imperial a. 帝国的 The Imperial Palace 皇宫14. impersonal a. 非个人的，没有人情味的 a large impersonal organization15. implement n. 工具，用具 vt. 实施，执行 gardening implements16.implication n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) What’s the ~ of the word = What does the word imply imply vt. 17. import n the ~ of food from abroad ant. Export18. impose vt. 征税；把- ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )--强加于 ~ sth. on sth. vi 利用，占便宜，欺骗 Thank you for your offer but I don’t want to impose on you.19. impress vt. What ~ed sb most was, be ~ed by / with 被…感动, impression leave / make an ~ on sb, 20. incident n. 事件，小事21. increase v ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t ~ profits / efficiency n. with the ~ of population, 在增长着 22.indicate vt 表示/表明23.individual adj personal / private 24.industrial ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ize vt highly ~d areas industry n. 工业 industrial adj.25.inevitable adj an ~ disaster, It is ~ that… 26. infant 婴儿27..infer vt.28.infect vt be ~ed with the flu29. inferior a. /n.30.influence vt ~ sb / sth n have ~ on / upon influential adj an ~ newspaper / writer 31.inform vt. ~ sb of / about sth / that, keep sb ~ed (of sth) 32. informative a. 增进知识的，提供信息的33. ingredient n. 组成部分，成分34. inhabitant n. 居民35.inherit vt ~ sth from sb36.initial adj the ~ letter of a word 首字母37.inject vt inject penicillin into sb = ~ sb with penicillin injection n. give sb an ~ of, 38.injure vt (sb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )) be ~d in an accident n. injury ~ to sth /sb injury n. 伤害， 损害39. inner a./n.40.innocent adj as ~ as an new born infant41. innovation n. 改革，创新，新方法42.inquire vi ~ / ask about= make inquires about inquiry n. 询问，打听43.insist v. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ~ on / persist in / stick to / persevere in / hold out 44.inspect vt a. ~ a factory b. ~ an army 45. instance n. 例子，实例46.install vt ~ a telephone 47.instant n. the~ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )=the moment, the minute, as soon as, hardly/scarcely/barely/rarely…when no sooner…than adj. ~ coffee / noodle, a patient in ~ need of first aid48.interval n at ( regular) ~s 每隔一段时间（距离）49.instinct n have an ~ for act on ~ 凭直觉行动50.instruct vt ~ sb in maths / teach sb maths, instruction n give ~ in English instructive adj 有教育意义的51.insult vt ~ sb, an ~ing remark 52.insurance n fire / life / household / personal ~, 53.intelligent adj. 54.intend vt ~ (sb/ sth) to do be intended for intention n. ~ of doing sth / that I’ve no ~ of changing my mind.55. interaction n. 相互作用，相互影响56. intermediate a. 中等程度的，中间的57.interpret vt. 理解,解释,口译 interpretation, interpreter n.58.interrupt vt. ~ sb /one’s speech / traffic 59.introduce vt ~ A to B 60.invade vt ~ a country with a large army61.invest vt vi investment62.investigate vt ~ the crime / the cause of the accident vi. ~ / look / inquire into sth. investigation n.63.involve vt be involved in ~ sb in the quarrel64.isolate vt be ~d from others 65.issue n . the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) July ~ of the magazine vt. a. Newspapers are ~ed every day. 66 .inaccessible adj sth be ~ to sb 难以到达/进入的批注：教师一定要带着学生挑出不会的和重点的知识点二（信件写作）【知识梳理1】Letter of Advice 特点：建议信要写出写信的原 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )因，建议信的内容，提出建议的理由，提出的理由要入情入理，语气一定要礼貌当先。因此建议信要写得简明扼要，目的明确，具有合理性和说服力。Para 1. 自我介绍+简略翻译文字材料+写信目的为了提出自己的建议 I am … ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), … … I’d like to take this opportunity to express my suggestion concerning it .Para 2 委婉地提出建议及改进措施，或提出忠告+出此建议的原因 I would recommend you to … (具体的建议) In my opinion, it would be beneficial if …Para3. 期盼回复 I hope that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you take my suggestion into serious consideration. I am dying for reply.【例文欣赏】学校图书馆需要购置一批新书，现 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )向学生征求意见。假如你是王凯，请用英语给图书馆孙老师写一封邮件，推荐你认为学校图书馆最需要购置的两类图书，并说明理由。 下表所列图书类别可供参考：● Computer s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cience ● Popular Science
● Philosophy and psychology ● Arts and recreation● Social sciences ● Literature● Language ● History and geographyDear Mr. Sun,Having learnt t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat our library is planning to buy some new books to equip itself with better resources and you, the one who will make the final decision on what kind of books shall be purchased, are asking for more suggestions, I would like to share my personal opinion with you.Firstly, what ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we need most are Popular Science books. Usually popular science books explain basic principles of nature in a simple and interesting way. They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity about scientific discoveries. Especially for those who hold the prejudice that all stuff involved in science are boring and unattractive.Secondly, in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) addition to reading for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration. That is why I recommended another category of books: literature books. Classic works, written by masters, present great thoughts through telling fascinating stories and using delicate language. They not only offer us joy and excitement, but also encourage us to think critically. Reading this kind of books more often will make us more sensitive to the world. I will be so glad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) if you can take my recommendations into consider. Yours sincerely【知识梳理2】Application letter 特点：申请信是写信人就某一职位或 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )成为会员等向收信人提出请求。作为一种正规信件，申请信的语言要求有礼貌。考生在写作时还应该注意信息的的说服力，并且强调自身独特的经历和优点。Para 1 自我介绍+信息来源+写信目的（对职位感兴趣） I am writing to recommend myself to join (in )… Para 2 强调自身优点（自己能为对方做什么）+希望能获得什么 I think I am the right person for your company/ club ,because…Para 3 表示感谢和期待对方给自己的申请以优先考虑 Thank for consi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dering my application and I am looking forward to your reply. If you need to know any more about me, please contact me.【例文欣赏】校图书馆在校园网登出广告，拟招聘一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )名图书管理员助理(the Assistant Librarian)，请以Simon Johnson为名写一封求职信，内容必须包括：简述你写信的目的及对该职位的看法说明你的理由，证明你能胜任该职位（注意：信中不能提及你的真实身份）Dear Sir or Madam, I have been exp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )osed to the news that an assistant librarian is wanted in our school library, which arises my great interests. So I write to you in the hope of being given a chance. My reasons are listed as follows. I have alwa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ys wanted to work in a library since I was a child because of my great love for books, in which a whole world of treasure are to be digged. The job was fascinating to me as I can really have a very intimate contact with the most sacred and yet least unapproachable things among all things. However p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )assionate I may be, it is very clear to me that I need to have practical skills and appropriate qualities required and do practical work with great care and patience. As to the part of practical skills, I used to work as a librarian in my junior high school for two semesters straight, which I suppose can be counted as my work experience for this position and gives a solid proof that I should be well-qualified for it pretty soon. While in regard to the “software” part of patience and carefulness, my teachers often ask me to correct papers and other assignments for them, which provides reasonable evidence that I am in possession of the aforementioned two qualities. I genuinely hope th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at you can take my application into serious consideration and great efforts are sure to be devoted to this meaningful position if I am offered the honor. Anyway, thank you for your time and wish you all the best!Yours sincerely,Simon Smith主题词汇及句型积累：be exposed to 暴露于，接触arise one’s interests 激起某人的兴趣be qualified for 有资格胜任in regard to 关于in possession of 拥有take …into serious consideration 把……考虑其中be sure to 必定，肯定be devoted to 致力于【知识梳理3】Letter of Complaint特点：投诉信要开门见山指明投诉的具体物品/事件。接着将事件给你带来的身体和心理的影响简洁公正地描述出来。最后清楚地表明你想如何得到解决。Para 1 直截了当的说明要投诉的产品和服务。 +广告中描述的效果 I am writing to complain about … In your ads, you claim that …Para 2 何时何地购买的产品+保留了发票（receipt）Para 3 按照说明书使用后发生的事情+对于身心造成的影响 I followed your instructions carefully. Yet… Para 4 希望得到的解决方法+可能采取的措施+期盼回复 I expect ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you to refund my cost and pay me damages for the trouble. If you don’t do this, I will…… I am looking forward to your timely reply.【例文欣赏】假如你是小明，你最近刚刚上完一个培训中心的英 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语培训课，请你就自己的经历给培训中心的沈老师写一份信，讲述自己对培训课满意及不满意的地方（仅各需提出一点），并提出相应的改善意见。 (可参考以下所提供的信息，也可独立思考。)满意的地方教室装备了先进的电脑老师具有幽默感；对英语有良好的掌握…不满意的地方上课的人数太多学校的地理位置不太方便…建议减少班级的学生人数提供区间车供学生们往返…字数180字左右。Dear EricI have just finished t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he English training course in your tutorial center. First of all, I just want you to know that all the efforts and time the teachers have put in to help me improve my English is highly-appreciated. Therefore, in return, I think it might be helpful to give you some of my feedback and suggestions based on my personal experience. To begin with, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) one thing that I am satisfied about is that each classroom has been equipped with advanced computers, which allows all of the students to have free access to the Internet. Apart from that, the teachers’ good command of English and their sense of humor have left quite a deep impression on me. During the teaching process, not only did they give practical demonstrations of different English skills especially related to reading and writing, but they also entertained us with their jokes and stories.However, despit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e all those mentioned above, your tutorial center still leaves something to be desired. Honestly, if you put too many students in one class, the teachers are not likely to pay attention to everyone in the classroom. I can understand that you need to cut the overall costs but simply increasing the number of students per class doesn’t seem to be a good way at all. So I recommend you to offer small classes by charging a little bit higher tuition fees as long as they are affordable for us students. What’s more, the tutorial center is so inconveniently-located that most of the students need to spend a lot of time getting there. And as far as I am concerned, it is nothing but a waste of time. So for the students’ convenience, you can provide some shuttle buses from the main underground stations to the tutorial center. That’s my suggestions. I hope they might be of help.YoursXiao Ming主题词汇及句型积累：a tutorial center 培训辅导in return _________________equip A with B _______________entertain sb. with sth. ______________for one’s convenience _______________知识点三（议论文写作）【知识梳理】问题解决型作文模板问题解决型模板一问题解决型模板二 问题解决型模板三 1.With the ___ of ___, _____.1.There has been a discussion recently about ________1.Nowadays,there is a growing concern on ________.2.So it is of great importance for us to ____.2.It is true to the present situation that ______.2. It is certain that _____.3. On one hand, _____.3. But _______.3. However, ________ 4.On the other hand, _______.4.As is known to all, there are many ways __________.4.It will cause many serious results if ________5.However, we have figured out many ways to _______.5. First of all, ________.5.Firstly, _______.6.Firstly, _____.6. Furthermore, ________.6. Secondly, ________7.So long as _________.7. Last but not least, _________ 7.Finally, _________.8,Secondly, ________8. So it is high time for us to _____.8.In spite of all these, there are still many ways _________.9.Thirdly, _____.9.That is because _______.9. First of all, _______.10. In fact, ________.10. Secondly, _____.10. In addition, _________11. That is because ______.11. Thirdly, _________.11. Thirdly, _______.12. In a word, ________12. In conclusion, _________12.Only in this way, _________. . 写作模板问题解决型-----对某一问题/话题进行分析,找出解决办法,表达自己的看法. 第一段：Nowadays ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，we have to face a problem that…(问题) /Nowadays，more and more people are concerned about the problem…(问题) /It is important for us to…(问题). For instance_____________________(例一) First，_________________________(原因一). Moreover，_____________________(例二) Second，_______________________(原因二) 第二段：People have fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gured out many ways to solve the problem． /Confronted with…(问题)we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation． Firstly，________________________(解决方法一) Secondly，______________________(解决方法二) 第三段：1)Person ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ally，I believe that_______________(我的方法) /To me，I am taking two ways to solve the problem of…(问题) One of them is ________________________(我的方法) The other way is_______________________(方法二) By now ways have been working perfectly and efficient1y…(结果) 2) In conclu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sion/In a word/To sum up/In summary/Obviously/It’s clear that…/It’s no doubt that….现象解释型作文模板现象解释型模板一现象解释型模板二现象解释型模板三Topicrecently,_______what amazes us most is________it is true that________Topic as is known to all,___________seem to get accustomed to ___In fact,______Topic nowadays,______for one thing,_________for another,_________it is obvious that________4.there are many reasons explaining______5. the main reason is __6. what is more,___________7. thirdly, _________8. as a result,_________4.the reasons of _______lie in several aspects.5.firstly, ________6.secondly,_____7 thirdly,__________8, finally,_________many remarkable factors contribute to______first of all,___________in addition,______finally_________9.considering all these,__10. for one thing,____11.for another,__12.in conclusion,______9,as a matter of fact,____10, on the one hand,_________11, on the other hand, ______12, therefore,_____9, as to me __________10, as we know,_________11.besides,_______12.In a word,_________现象解释型叙事类模板一现象解释型图表类模板一现象解释型图表类模板二Topic it so happened that ______just at the moment,_________it impressed me most because________Topicas is clearly show in the chart/table/figure/graph,________especially,______there are three reasons for_______Topic the table/ graph /figure/ chart shows that ____it is self-evident that___________three possible reasons contribute to _____4.what happened was ________at first,_____almost at the same time,__________what’s more,＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿as a result,_____to begin with,______in addition,_＿＿＿＿＿＿＿for example, _____last but not least，＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿8.in short,_____4. one reason is that_________5. another reason is that__________6. for instance,__________7.what’s more,__________8. as a result,_________as I understand,______on the one hand,_______on the other hand,______therefore,____ as far as I am concerned/as for me/for my part,_____On one hand,______On the other hand,_________In brief________9, however, in my opinion,______10, for one thing,______11, for the other thing,________12, to sum up, in conclusion__对比论述型作文模板对比论述型模板一对比论述型模板二对比论述型模板三TopicThere is a heated debate over _______It is commonly accepted that_______In contrast, others,______Topic recently, we may hear quite different opinions_____most people take it for granted that________]however, others hold _________Topic different people will offer quite different ideas___________many people assert_________however, others believe____________Those who hold the first opinion suggest________In their view,_______However, others think__________They argue that ______4.a dominant idea is that __________5. In this view,_______Nevertheless, the objectors think__________They argue that__________Some may proclaim_______They maintain such as idea because_________In contrast, the objections think__________They argue that_______-Considering one after another, I stand on the side of________First of all,________Further more,_________Thirdly,_______Therefore,______As to me , I prefer_________On the one hand,__________On the other hand,__________Therefore,___________In conclusion,＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿As far as I am concerned, I agree to________First,______Second,_________Last but not least,________In a word, ______对比选择型---不同观点对比---列举理由---然后自己的观点. 第一段：Some people tend to think that_________________________(观点一) They point out that__________________________________(理由一) Additionally，_____________________________________(理由二) A case in point is___________________________________(举例) Therefore_________________________________________(小结) 第二段：On the cont ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rary，other people hold the view that_____________(观点二) They argue that_______________________________________(理由一) What's more________________________________________(理由二) As an illustration，__________________________________(举例) Accordingly，_____________________________________(小结) 第三段：As far a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s I am concerned，(I think) ________________________(我的观点) The reaso ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n is that_______________________________________(理由一) And also，____________________________________________(理由二) So，_________________________________________________ (总结自己的观点) 说明利弊型----某观点/某件事/某现象有利(列举好处),也有弊(列举弊端),应如何正确对待 第一段：[某观点/某件事/某现象有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )利(列举好处)]Whenever we hear people say that_____(主题)we'll instantly have the idea that it is a good／bad thing for_______(某人) Indeed，_________(主题)have advantages to_____________(某人)We can take_____________________(举例)as an example… It will benefit____________________(好处一) In addition______________________(好处二) 第二段：[也有弊(列举弊端) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )]In the mean time，we must realize those disadvantages of____(主 题) First of all, _______________(坏处一) Second,___________________(坏处二) 第三段: [应如何正确对待 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )]To sum up the above arguments, I think a proper attitude towards__________(主题) is that_______________________(我的观点) 对立观点式 A. 有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？ B. 有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？ C. 我的看法。 Some people are i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that _______________________支持X 的第一个原因。 They also argue that _____________________________支持X 的另一个原因。However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that____________ 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: ________________一个例子。There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。 批驳观点式 A. 一个错误观点。 B. 我不同意。 Many people argue tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t ____________________错误观点。By saying that, they mean _________________对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that _______一个例子。 （According to a surv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them ________赞成 这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）。 There might be some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) element of truth in these people’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that _______与错误观点相反的观点。 There are a number of reasons behind my belief. 主题型议论文 阐述主题型 第一段：A famous s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aying goes that_____________________(名言或谚语). It means that____________(释义). An example of this case is____________________(举例，解释). 第二段：Another ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) case in point is_______________________(例二)/Secondly,_______ 第三段：I like the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) saying ____________(名言) which encourages me____________(理由) 【例文欣赏】Directions:Write an E ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nglish composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given in Chinese.近几来，随着媒体对几起问题食品的曝光， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人们日益关注着食品的安全问题。请以“My View on Food Security”为题，谈谈你对食品安全的看法，分析其产生的原因，并谈谈解决这些问题的方法。My View on Food SecurityOver the past c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ouple of years, several cases of the food scandal have been disclosed on various media. The problem of food security has become a hot button across society. The prevalence of food insecurity has greatly impacted public health, which the government could not afford to ignore. There are a cou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple of driving forces, I would argue, behind this undesirable tide. First, in the course of the rapid economic evolution, we ignore moral education, giving rise to the rising rate of the problem. More importantly, the lack of adequate regulation and punishment on those illegal producers enforces the trend. As Confucius ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) instructed, it is better late than never. Prompt and strict measures should be taken to turn back this evil trend. The government should launch a massive moral campaign to educate all citizens and draw up tougher laws to crack down on those irresponsible corporations and prohibit them from entering the food industry again. I am firmly convinced that through our combined efforts we are bound to enjoy more risk-free foods in the future. 知识点五（谚语作文）【知识梳理】类型一：阐述名句型Directions: Write a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.古人云：“天生我材必有用”（ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )There must be a use for my talent.）。通过描述你生活中的一件事，说明人各有所长，无论才能大小都能成为有用的人。从上面的例子可见，对于谚语警句类阐述名句型作文的写作，只需要学生结合谚语本身的含义，通过举例具体解释该句谚语警句即可。写作思路：第一段：开头，引出谚语第二段：具体事例解释谚语警句含义第三段：总结全文，深化主题 类型一：观点议论型 1999到间上海市高考中出现的谚语警句类 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作文中，到目前为止暂时没有出现谚语警句类观点议论型作文的写作。由于高考的写作命题越来越接近大学英语四六级的作文，所以这里就从四六级中挑选一片谚语警句型议论文写作。如大学英语六级作文“haste makes waste”,要求写一篇议论文，论证该谚语的正确性。写作思路：第一段：根据谚语，总结观点 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 第二段：2—3个分论点论证自己的观点第三段：总结全文，憧憬实践【例文赏析】俗语说：欲速则不达（The more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) haste , the less speed.）。请你结合生活实例，谈谈你对这句话的感悟。你的文章必须包括以下内容：1.一个有关这句话的生活实例2.你对这句话的理解感悟审题分析：一、本题是一篇谚语格言类 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作文，属于夹叙夹议类作文。根据题目要求，文章必须包括一个相关实例和对此俗语的理解感悟。这个“实例”可以是作者自己的经历，也可以使其他说明这条俗语的事例；理解感悟需要点名对此俗语理解的角度中心，并围绕此中心展开议论。二、对谚语格言类文章来说，所举例子要说明问题，对例子的描述要精炼到位；二理解感悟部分的语言则要讲透此俗语所要表达的人生道理。范文点评： There is a well ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-known saying which goes that “ The more haste ,the less speed .” [Evidently, this hold true for a lot of situations in life in which anxiety and thoughtlessness may disrupt a supposedly good prospect.][For example,when ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you take an English test which requires you to complete questions based on an article,it would be advisable for you to read slowly and carefully until you grasp a clear picture of the author’s main ideas and implications, ready to answer the questions. On the contrary, if you worry about time running out and thus push yourself to read faster than you can handle, chances are that you might go back and re-read for important information. ][ This saying, whic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h has been handed down from generation to generation, sharply points out how crucial it is to approach life situations calmly.] A level and balanced mindset helps one to maximize one’s performance even against the most urgent and difficult circumstances. [Anxiety drives people to irrationality.] [Metaphorically speaking, if you rush, you might just crash, and ultimately end up slower than ready walkers, simply because they have better judgment of their capacities than you do.]Therefore, i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t is important to avoid haste in life. Eventually, you will save time by not stumbling and falling all the way.好词好句：1. Evidently ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), this hold true for a lot of situations in life in which anxiety and thoughtlessness may disrupt a supposedly good prospect.evidently的意思是“很明显“，替代词常用的obviously; hold true 的意思是“适用、有效“。2. On the contrary, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )if you worry about time running out and thus push yourself to read faster than you can handle, chances arethat you might go back and re-read for important information.chances arethat的意思为:很可能，替代常用的it is likely that…3. This saying, w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hich has been handed down from generation to generation, sharply points out how crucial it is to approach life situations calmly.sharply意为“尖锐地“为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语言增加情感色彩，增强说服力度；approach life situations calmly的意义为:冷静处理生活中的情况，approach的意义为：处理，代替常用的deal with .4. Metaphorically s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )peaking, if you rush, you might just crash, and ultimately end up slower than ready walkers, simply because they have better judgment of their capacities than you do.Metaphorical ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly speaking意为：比喻来说，用于引出下面的比喻；ultimately end up的意义为：最终结局是…；ultimately的意义为:最终的，代替常用的finally . 当堂检测一. 配套翻译2021崇明一模72. 足不出户，你就可以在网上逛遍全球各大博物馆。(without) 73. 多亏了社会各界人士的慷慨解囊，这个孤儿院才得以在今年年初办了起来。(found) 74. 消防队员们不仅营救了事故现场的工人，还成功阻止了有毒气体的蔓延。(Not only) 75. 各国应基于大会上所达成的共识，加强全球合作，共同应对人类面临的挑战。(base) 答案72.You can vis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it all the major museums around the world online without even leaving your home.73.Thanks to the gene ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rous donation made by people from all walks of life, the orphanage was founded early this year.74.Not only di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d the firefighters save the workers at the scene of the accident, but also they successfully prevented the poisonous gas from spreading.75.All the countr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ies should boost global cooperation to jointly address the challenges facing mankind, based on the agreement reached at the conference.y.二. 作文练习3选1【课堂练习1】采访（一位影视明星，一位宇航员，一位环境学家environmentalist ）。 给陈校长写信，信中包括：1. 你建议邀请的名人。2. 你邀请该名人的理由。3. 你想采访该名人的问题、（文中不得出现考生姓名，学校等任何真实信息）参考范文：Dear head master,I have been exposed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to the news that we are going to invite a celebrity to our school to be interviewed which arises my great interest. So I write to you in the hope of giving some referential advice that we can invite famous movie star Jackie Chan.As is known to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )all that Jackie Chan is renowned not only in China but also abroad who must be very popular with students. He has achieved a lot in diverse respects and can be a role model to follow. Students will be supposed to be greatly inspired and encouraged by what he says. Given that his time is so precious and invaluable, questions are expected to be more meaningful and worthy. We can ask him how to balance work and life on a daily basis, how to work out difficulties in general and what he’d like to say to us students, etc. I believe whatever he says will make great difference to our further learning.I genuinely hope ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that you can take my suggestion into serious consideration. Anyway, thank you for your time and wish you all the best!Yours sincerely,Simon 【课堂练习2】 Directions: For this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1. 现在网上购物已成为一种时尚 2. 网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题 3. 我的建议（2012长宁一模）Online Shopping Nowadays, with th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e rapid development of information technology, online shopping has gained great popularity among more and more web users. For example, it is fashionable for youngsters to purchase daily essentials, such as books, clothes, electrical equipment, on some famous website, like Taobao, EBay and Alibaba. Undoubtedly s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )peaking, online shopping has many advantages. Firstly, compared with traditional shopping, it’s very convenient. What you need to do is just clicking your mouse and waiting instead of going out by foot or driving. Secondly, more choices than real store are another attraction to customers. However, in spite of convenience and more choices of online shopping, we cannot turn a blind eye to its disadvantages. Obviously, quality problem is its first disadvantage. It’s common that articles aren’t so good just as they are described online that customers always buy fake commodities. In addition, it’s troublesome and annoying for many customers to make a change when they are not satisfied with what they bought online. As a college studen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t, I like online shopping but I expected that effective measures should be taken to make it better。Specifically speaking, government should work out strict regulations and rules to prevent unfaithful and unlawful activities of online shop owners. Only by this way can online shopping become really safe and attract an increasing number of customers. 分析：本文分数20分，属于一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )篇不错的范文。内容上符合题目要求，语言上也用了很多词组，句式多变，用了倒装，with的复合结构，非谓语做状语，it的句型等句式；本文也非常有逻辑性，红色斜体是过渡语，蓝色粗体是连接词，使得文章很有逻辑性【课堂练习】常言说：“种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆”（ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )As a man sows, so shall he reap），请根据你的亲身经历或身边的事例谈谈这句话带给你的启示。As the old s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aying goes, as a man sows, so shall he reap. People are usually rewarded or punished for what they have done. Life is not made up of a series of coincidents, but of a chain of consequences. How close we are t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o our destinations of our dreams depends on how deligent we are. How well we do in the exams depends on how hard we work during the term. How well we get along 5 with others depends on how sincere and warm-hearted we are in the daily life. Our manners towards something and the way we choose to do it have influences upon our whole life. Let’s take Nathan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and Spencer for instance. Nathan loves to read about everything in books as much as he can, while Spencer only pretends to be knowledgeable and talkative. When they both took part in the contests, Nathan got the second prize and Spencer got the score that was way 10 behind average. As the example shows, people will get what he deserves for his behaviors. Fortune may brin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g the opportunity to be successful, but only hard work can help us to succeed. Just as the saying implies, no pains, no gains. So we should remember that “as a man sows, so shall he reap”.温故知新2021黄浦一模Traveling,at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) least traveling any considerable distance, means dealing with airports. I've seen my share of airports. They come in several ____41____,The smallest I have been through was in the African town of Hoedspruit where the main waiting area was smaller than many school classrooms, security and ticket checking were both ____42____ by one person who was also controlling the gate onto the airfield and you had to walk out to the plane and climb the stairs to get in. It was even smaller than Canada's Moncton airport where the person taking the tickets was also one of the two ____43____ on our flight.At the other extreme ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are the ____44____,modern airports in the world's major cities. LAX,in Los Angeles has two parallel runways and provides the unusual opportunity to watch out the window of your landing aircraft as another one lands right beside you. Some,such as Beijing's Capital International Airport, SeaTac in Seattle and the International Airport in San Francisco, like those in Hong Kong and Shanghai,have ____45____ terminals connected by different buses or underground trains. Finding a connecting flight often means changing terminals, which can be a little ___46_____.Heathrow airpo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rt in London,England, ____47____ that bigger is not always better.Heathrow consists of terminals used by various ____48____ and is centered around an area that contains stores and restaurants. At Heathrow the tired traveler gets the ____49____ that they want you to spend your time in the stores because they won't announce the gate from which your flight will leave until about an hour before flight time.Given that they start to get people onto the planes half an hour before takeoff that leaves just 30 minutes to find and ____50____ your gate,some of which are a 25-minute walk from the store area. There is absolutely no ___51_____ for this because the airport authorities know even before the day begins how many flights are arriving and departing and where they plan to put them. If I have just come off one long flight and I'm waiting for another, what I want is a quiet place not an area ____52____ bright lights and noisy shoppers.Travel, for me, is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )interesting but when I have to fly, getting there is ____53____ not half the fun. Airplanes are very efficient way to move people long distances and airports are a(n) ____54____ part of the process. Most airport their best to provide a good traveling experience but they are to be ____55____，not really 41. A.types B. cities C. areas D. sizes42. A.identified B. handled C. promoted D. processed43. A. guards B. astronauts C. pilots D. passengers44. A. tremendous B. crowded C. international D. fashionable45. A. flexible B. multiple C. available D. irregular46. A. exciting B. astonishing C. confusing D. encouraging47. A. regulates B. emphasizes C. encounters D. demonstrates48. A. functions B. departments C. airlines D. authorities49. A. recreation B. presentation C. announcement D. impression50. A. look for B. get to C. meet at D. check out51. A. exception B. doubt C. apology D. excuse52. A. filled with B. dominated by C. decorated with D. recognized by53. A. increasingly B. permanently C. attentively D. definitely54. A. effective B. optional C. necessary D. suitable55. A. simplified B. endured C. declared D. paralleled答案41.D 42.B 43.C 4 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )4.A 45.B 46.C 47.D 48.C 49.D 50.B 51.D 52.A 53.D 54.C 55.B2021黄浦一模Singapore's Information Technology StrategySingapore's informa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion technology strategy rests on two major legs. The first leg is world-class basic facilities.Being a city-state, it is relatively easy to connect every home,office and hotel room. Our objective is to provide broad-band everywhere, either wired or wireless. We will make it a readily available utility like water, electricity, gas and telephone. We are well on our way there. We now require, by regulation,every new home to be equipped with broad-band in the same way as it is required to have water and electricity.The second leg is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the education of our entire population in IT(information technology). Like reading, writing and arithmetic,computers are best learned when we are young/Today's children can click the mouse faster than we can blink. In many countries, children of middle-class families have no difficulty with this new technology. But, without special effort,there is a danger that children of poorer families will miss out on the opportunity to learn IT. Like the piano and violin, one can still learn the computer as an adult. But rarely does one acquire the same facility. The Strategy in Singapore is therefore to teach information technology to every child regardless of his family background. The Education Ministry now has a multi-billion dollar program to provide one computer for every 2 schoolchildren in Singapore from first grade onwards. Every teacher will have a notebook.Most Singaporea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ns now understand the importance of IT, if not for themselves, at least for their children and grandchildren. Over 40% of households in Singapore now own PCs. Over one-third of households in Singapore already enjoy access to Internet. What we want is for every Singaporean to be computer literate so that he can function effectively in any bank, factory or restaurant, just as one would expect an employee to be able to read, write and count. An employer in Singapore in the future should not have to worry that his employee does not know how to use a computer or the Internet.答案Singapore's informatio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n technology strategy depends on two major ways.One is to construct world-class basic facilities by providing broad-band everywhere. The other is to teach each child information technology whatever his family background is,providing computers to students and teachers.The strategy has aroused the recognition of most Singaporeans and the employers will hopefully have computer literate employees. (58 words)
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