中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2021-2022学年牛津上海版英语六年级上学期拓展第8讲 名词
教学内容
进门测试建议5min根据下列首字母提示，完成下文I am an art student ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and I 1.p__________ a lot of pictures. Many people pretend that they understand modern art. They always 2.t_________ you what a picture is 'about'. Of course, many pictures are not 'about' 3.a_________. They are just pretty patterns. We like them in the 4.s_________ way that we like pretty curtain material. I think that 5.y_________ children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else. They notice more. My sister is only seven, but she always tells me 6.w_________ my pictures are good or not. She came into my room yesterday. 'What are you doing ' she asked. 'I'm hangi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng this picture on the wall,' I answered. 'It's a 7.n_________ one. Do you like it ' She looked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) at it critically for a moment. 'It's all right,' she said, 'but isn't it upside down ' I looked at it again. She was 8.r_________! It was!1.p___________ 2.t___________ 3.a___________ 4.s___________ 5.y___________ 6.w___________ 7.n___________ 8.r___________ 【参考答案】1.paint ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 2.tell 3.anything 4.same 5.young 6.whether 7.new 8.right课堂导入建议10minLesson 8 The best and the worst 最好的和最差的Joe Sanders has t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time. Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's. Bill works harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but Joe's garden is more interesting. He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town! 乔.桑德斯拥有我们镇上最漂亮的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )花园。几乎每个人都参加每年举办的“最佳花园竞赛”，而每次都是乔获胜。比尔.弗里斯的花园比乔的花园大，他比乔也更为勤奋，种植的花卉和蔬菜也更多，但乔的花园更富有情趣。他修筑了一条条整洁的小路，并在一个池塘上架了一座小木桥。我也喜欢花园，但我却不愿意辛勤劳动。每年的花园竞赛我也参加，但总因是镇上最劣的花园而获得一个小奖！ ”精讲精练建议70min名词 【知识点一】名词的单复数变化1）大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，也就是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾，则一般加es；如：watches, brushes, buses, boxes
2）以o结尾的单词除了两人（negro，hero）两菜（tomato，potato）加es外，其余一般加s；如：photos【小贴士】关于以o结尾，加上-es变复数的单 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词，我们可以这样记住：黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆，那么negro, hero, tomato, potato便可以很快记住了。注意：negro带有种族歧视色彩 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，不常考。
3）以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s；如：thief-thieves, knife-knives以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es；如：baby-babies, university-universities注意：以元音字母+y结尾的直接+s; 如：boys, toys, trolleys【小贴士】口诀(规则变化) 名词单数变复数，直接加 -s 占多数； s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾，直接加上 -es； 词尾是 f 或 fe，加 -s 之前先变 ve； 辅母 + y 在词尾，把 y 变 i 加 -es； 词尾字母若是 o，常用三个已足够， 要加 -es 请记好，hero, t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omato, potato。
4）英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，louse-lice, deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，man—men，woman—women，Englishman- Englishmen, foot—feet，tooth—teeth。【小贴士】口诀(不规则变化)男人女人 a 变 e，鹅足牙 oo 变 ee； 老鼠虱婆也好记，ous 变 ic； 孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。中日不变，英法变；其余s加后面。【注意】fish分3种情况。1.fish用作可数名词指：“鱼的条数”，单数和复数形式相同（two fish两条鱼）；2.指“鱼的种类”时复数形式才为fishes（two fishes两种鱼）；3.fish用作不可数名词时无复数形式，指“鱼肉”。【注意】：复合名词的复数形式有两种形式。将最后部分变成复数，如：traffic light---traffic lights将两部分都变成复数，如：man ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )teacher---men teachers / woman doctor---women doctors【例1】There is good_________ for you. I've found your lost watch. A. news ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. ideas C. messages D. thoughts【答案】A。【解析】四个选项都是以s结尾的名词，其中A为不可数名词，B、C、D为名词的复数形式，句中用了连系动词is，所以只有A项正确。【例2】My uncle will com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e to my house for dinner．I want to buy some ___to make a vegetable salad for him． A. meat B. tomatoes C. apple D. juice【答案】B。【解析】下文说制作蔬菜沙拉，故选蔬菜类的tomatoes。【例3】At night the koala bear gets up and eats___________．A. 1eaf B. 1eaves C. leafs D. a leaf 【答案】B。【解析】考察leaf的复数变形。f结尾的可数名词，变为”ves”,所以选B。 【例4】All the ____teache ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs enjoyed themselves on March 8th，because it was their own holiday.A. man B. men C. woman D. women【答案】D。【解析】考察名词复数。当两个名词中含有“man”或“woman”时，两个名词都要变成复数形式。【例5】Mike hurt one of his ______in the accident yesterday. A. tooth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. feet C. hand D. ear【答案】B。【解析】考察名词复数。one of 后面跟名词复数形式。ABCD选项中只有B选项feet是复数。【知识点二】：不可数名词的数量表达专有名词不可数：人名/ 地名/ 国家。物质名词不可数： 金 / ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )木 /水 /火/ 土 /沙 /肉/ 食/ 米 /面/ 布/ 茶/ 咖啡/ 果汁 /牛奶 /酒/ 钢铁 /玻璃 /煤/ 油 /墨水/ 作业/ 纸/ 粉笔 /头发/ 新闻/天气。 抽象名词不可数：幸福/ 时光 /爱情 /知识/ 力量 /仁慈/ 友谊/青春/ 信息 /勇气 。 4. 不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。如：a cup of tea 一杯茶 two cups of tea两杯茶 a glass o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f orange juice 一杯橙汁 three glasses of orange juice 三杯橙汁 a piece of bread 一片面包 five pieces of bread 五片面包 可数名词与不可数名词的不定数量表达只能修饰可数名词few, a few, quite a few（相当多的）, many, too many, a (large) number of.只能修饰不可数名词little, a littl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e, quite a little（相当多的）, much, too much, an amount of, a large amount of, huge amounts of, a great deal of.可数名词与不可数名词皆可修饰some, any, lots of, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a lot of, plenty of, two hundred/thousand/million, hundreds/thousands/millions of.【例1】Mr Smith always has _________to tell us．A．some good pieces ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of news B． some pieces of good news C．some good piece of newes D．some piece of good newes 【答案】A。【解析】考查名词的数的掌握。 news意为“消息”，是不可数名词，所以C、D两项可排除。形容词修饰类似的词组时，一般放在前面。【例2】―Would you like some drinks, boys ―Yes, , please.A. some oranges ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. two boxes of chocolates C. some cakes D. two bottles of orange【答案】D。【解析】orange是不可数名词。可用“数词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )或冠词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”这样的结构来表示它的数量。量词（piece, bottle, glass, pair, cup等）是可数名词，可根据情况用单数或复数，但of后面的名词只能用单数。【例3】His father went to his doctor for _______about his trouble. A .an ad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vice B. some advice C advices D .the advices【答案】B。【解析】考察不可数名词。advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式，可以用“some”修饰。【例4】Before moving i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nto the new house, Ms. Andy is thinking of buying __________. A. pieces ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of furniture B. several furnitureC. a couple of furniture D. some furnitures【答案】A。【解析】考察不可数名词的修饰。furnitu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re家具，是不可数名词。没有复数形式，“several”几个；“a couple of”都不能修饰不可数名词，所以选A。【例5】My cousin will stay with me for ___ days this summer holiday.A. a little B. a bit C. a couple of D. an amount of【答案】C。【解析】名词的量词修饰。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“days”是可数名词。“a little”和“an amount of”都修饰不可数名词。“a bit”解释为“一点”，所以选“a couple of days”几天。【知识点三】： 名词的所有格（一）加 ’s这类情况主要是指单数可数名词和不以s结尾的复数名词后面。如：the boy’s motherChildren’s books【注意】用于表时间、国家和城市、组织机构、度量衡、天体的名词后也加 ’s如：tomorrow’s weatherAmerica’s policythe government’s policya mile’s distance the earth’s surface还有某些固定表达，如：a stone’s throw 一箭之遥 at one's wit’s end 黔驴技穷（二）加 ’这种情况一般是加在以复数词尾s结尾的单词后面。如：the girls’ fatherthe cats’ paws（三）of 的所有格“of + 名词”这种情况一般用于名词为无生命的事物，表示所有关系。如：the window of the kitchenthe door of this house（四）双重所有格“of +名词所有格”表示整体中的一个或部分。如：a friend of Mr. White’s = one of Mr. White’s friendssome coins of my father’s = some of my father’s coins【注意】名词性物主代词也可用于双重所有格。如：a book of mine = my book a teacher of ours = our teacher（五）to的所有格英语中有一类所有格，既不是用of结构来表达，也不是用’s结构来表达，而是要用介词to。如：the key to the door the answer to the question the way to the park the entrance to the theatre the solution to the problem（六）for的所有格 the ticket for the game the check for the exam the exit for the restaurant【例1】_________fathers are both scientists. A. Jim's and Bob B. Jim's and Bob's C. Jim and Bob's D. Jim and Bob【答案】B。【解析】当两个人分别拥有时，要在每个人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后都加名词所有格的标志“’s”来表达。吉姆的父亲和鲍勃的父亲不是一个人，所以在其后都加“'s”，故选B。【例2】 —Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here —No, it’s about _______. A. 7 m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inutes walk B. 7 minute walk C. 7 minutes’ walk D. 7 minute’s walk【答案】C。【解析】考查名词所有格用法。当名词的复数以-s结尾时，则只需要加“’”即可，则“7分钟的距离”为“7 minutes’ walk”。【例3】Are they going to have a party on _______ A. Child ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ren’s Day B. Childrens’s Day C. Childrens Day D. Children Day【答案】A。【解析】考察名词所有格。Children’s Day 六一儿童节。【例4】_________ telephoned this morning. A. My father fri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )end B. A friend of my father C. A friend of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my father's D. One of my father's friend【答案】C。【解析】考察双重所有格。“a friend of my father’s”我父亲朋友中的一个朋友。【例5】―How’s Joy’s skirt ―Her skirt is more beautiful than . A. her ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sister’s and Kate B. her sister and Kate C. her sis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter and Kate’s D. her sister’s and Kate’s【答案】D。【解析】当某物为几个人所共有时，只在最后一个名词后用所有格形式；如表示两者或两者以上分别所有，应在每个名词后用所有格形式。当堂检测 建议15min一、选出划线部分读音与其他三个划线部分读音不同的选项。( ) 1. A. ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )liday B. way C. Monday D. Friday( ) 2. A. math ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s B. months C. mouths D. something( ) 3. A. Thursday B. news C. days D. plus( ) 4. A. show B. how C. window D. know( ) 5. A. lo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ud B. out C. country D. about( ) 6. A. lesson B. subject C English D. every二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. You' re too________ (noise)！Be quiet!2. My eyes are black, ________ (your) are green.3. I like________ (watch) TV very much.4. This is a fast food shop. I can smell________. (hamburger)5. January is________ (one) month of a year.三、选出正确答案。( ) 1. My friend, Jim, is going to watch a video ________the weekend.A. on B. by C. in D. at( ) 2. What ________your brother and you doing A. am B. is C. be D. are( ) 3. We ________Chinese very much.A. like B. ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e liking C. are going to like D. are like( ) 4. We have ________on Saturday afternoon.A. no classes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. not classes C. no class D. not class( ) 5. How ________these dictionaries A. much are B. much is C. many are D. many is( ) 6. One of the twins ________in the playground.A. are B. am C. is D. be( ) 7. Keep quiet, please. I can't ________the teacher.A. listen to B. listen C. hear D. hear of( ) 8. Would you like ________coffee, Tom A. some B. any C. many D. few( ) 9. Who can I borrow the book________ A. to B. in C. from D. at( )10. ________old lady is ________American.A. An...a B. An. .. / C. The... / D. The.. . a( )11. A: ________dress is that B: It's________.A. Who' s. . . me B. Whose. . . mine C. Whose. . . his D. Who' s. . . hers ( ) 12. What does "Don't smoke!" mean It means________.A. No smoke B. No smoking C. Can' t smoke D. Don' t smoking( ) 13. Lily is going to buy ________new trousers in the shop.A. A piece of B. a packet of C. a pair of D. a bottle of( ) 14. ________months are there in a year A. How many B. How much C. How old D. How often四、按要求改变句型。1. Tom planted trees yesterday. (改为一般疑问句) ________Tom ________ _________ yesterday.2. It's eleven thirty. (对划线部分提问) ________ _________is it 3. Tom does his homework at school. (对划线部分提问) _________ ________Tom ________his homework 4. He plays table tennis with Xiao Li. (时间状语为now，改写句子)He_________ ________table tennis with Xiao Li now.5. They are going to the cinema on Saturday evening. (句意相同)They are going ________ __________ _________ _______on Saturday evening.6. He is doing some reading now. (改为否定句) He ________ _________ _________reading now.7. There are twenty books on the shelf. (对划线部分提问) ________ __________ ________shelf 五、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. ________ (not be) noisy. The students________ (listen) to the tape.2. What about________ (make) a model ship for Tim 3. ________ (not draw) now. ________ (do) your homework, please.4. A: Where________ (be) your mother B: She________ (help) Grandma with the washing.5. The students of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Class Two________ (not have) an English lesson now.6. It's ten in the morning. My parents________ (work).7. We________ (have) a party next week.六、用适当的介词填空。1. I go shopping ________my mother on Sundays.2. She will bring the book ________you tomorrow.3. Don't turn ________the radio. I'm listening ________the news.4. How many English lessons have you got ________a week 七、根据中文完成句子。1. A:_________ ________(身体怎么样) your father B: He's fine.2. _________ _________ ________ . (别紧张)3. She will_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______ _________ _________ __________ _________. (帮助我做回家作业)4. Please________ _________ ________ ________ ________. (把那些画给他)5. Don't________ _________ ________ ________ . (别为你的女儿担心)6. Are they________(上) a math lesson 【keys】—、1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. C 二、 1. noisy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 2. yours 3. watching/ to watch 4. hamburgers 5. the first三、 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A四、 1. Did, plant ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), trees 2. What time 3. When, does, do 4. is playing 5. to, see, a, movie 6. isn't doing any 7. What' s on the五、1. Don't be, are lis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tening 2. making 3. Don't draw, Do 4. is, is helping 5. are not having 6. are working7. are going to have六、1. with 2. to 3. down / off, to 4. in七、 1. How, is 2 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). Don't, be, nervous / Take, it, easy 3. help, me, with, my, homework / help, me, do, my, homework 4. give, those, pictures, to, her 5. worry, about, your, daughter 6. having八、阅读短文，判断正误。Every evening ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), Mr. Black walks from his office to the station after work. He often sees an old man sitting by the roadside. An old dog sits beside him. There is a piece of paper round the dog's head with the words, "I'm blind." on it. Mr. Black is sorry for the old man and gives him a little money.One day Mr. Black is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) late. So he goes to the station in a hurry. He doesn't stop to give the old man any money.But the old ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man stands up and runs after him quickly and says, "Give a little money today, too." Mr. Black says, "You are a blind man. How can you run after me "But the old man says, "No, I'm not blind. My old dog is. "( ) 1. Mr. Black often sees an old dog by the roadside on his way to the office.( ) 2. There is a piece of white paper round the dog's head.( ) 3. Mr. Black often gives the old man some money.( ) 4. He doesn't give the old man money one evening because he is ill( ) 5. The old man can run after Mr. Black because he is not a blind man.九、阅读短文，选出正确答案。It's time to go home n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow. I'm on a bus on a rainy day, and a woman with a dog gets on the bus. It is a big dog and his feet are not clean. I don't want the dog to sit near me. But the woman says to the conductor "Oh, I pay for my dog. Can he sit here like the other people " The conductor looks at the dog and says, "Yes, but like the other people, he mustn't put his feet on the chair."( ) 1. I am going home ________now.A. by bike B. by car C. by bus D. by train( ) 2. What do I see when I am in the bus I see ________get on the bus.A. a bus B. a conductor C. a woman with a dog D. a dog( ) 3. I don't want the dog to sit near me, because________.A. the dog is big B. the dog is not cleanC. the dog isn't big D. the dog is clean( ) 4. Why do the woman and the dog get on the bus ________.A. It's a rainy day B. The dog can sitC. The woman is a conductor D. the weather is sunny( ) 5. The meaning of the conductor is________.A. The dog's feet are like the other peopleB. The dog must like a manC. The dog must not sit on the chairD. The dog can sit on the chair十、选择括号内所给的词，写一段话，描写你的学校，至少5句话。 (floor, on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the first... , There is... , There are.. . , in my class, . . . )【keys】八、1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T九、 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C预习思考
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2021-2022学年牛津上海版英语六年级上学期拓展第8讲 名词
教学内容
进门测试根据下列首字母提示，完成下文I am an art student a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd I 1.p__________ a lot of pictures. Many people pretend that they understand modern art. They always 2.t_________ you what a picture is 'about'. Of course, many pictures are not 'about' 3.a_________. They are just pretty patterns. We like them in the 4.s_________ way that we like pretty curtain material. I think that 5.y_________ children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else. They notice more. My sister is only seven, but she always tells me 6.w_________ my pictures are good or not. She came into my room yesterday. 'What are you doing ' she asked. 'I'm hanging t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his picture on the wall,' I answered. 'It's a 7.n_________ one. Do you like it ' She look ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed at it critically for a moment. 'It's all right,' she said, 'but isn't it upside down ' I looked at it again. She was 8.r_________! It was!1.p___________ 2.t___________ 3.a___________ 4.s___________ 5.y___________ 6.w___________ 7.n___________ 8.r___________ 课堂导入Lesson 8 The best and the worst 最好的和最差的Joe Sanders has the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time. Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's. Bill works harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but Joe's garden is more interesting. He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town! 乔.桑德斯拥有我们镇上最漂亮的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )花园。几乎每个人都参加每年举办的“最佳花园竞赛”，而每次都是乔获胜。比尔.弗里斯的花园比乔的花园大，他比乔也更为勤奋，种植的花卉和蔬菜也更多，但乔的花园更富有情趣。他修筑了一条条整洁的小路，并在一个池塘上架了一座小木桥。我也喜欢花园，但我却不愿意辛勤劳动。每年的花园竞赛我也参加，但总因是镇上最劣的花园而获得一个小奖！ ”精讲精练名词 【知识点一】名词的单复数变化1）大部分单数可数名词变为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )复数要加s，也就是单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾，则一般加es；如：watches, brushes, buses, boxes
2）以o结尾的单词除了两人（negro，hero）两菜（tomato，potato）加es外，其余一般加s；如：photos【小贴士】关于以o结尾，加上-es变复数的单 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词，我们可以这样记住：黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆，那么negro, hero, tomato, potato便可以很快记住了。注意：negro带有种族歧视色彩，不常考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。
3）以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s；如：thief-thieves, knife-knives以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es；如：baby-babies, university-universities注意：以元音字母+y结尾的直接+s; 如：boys, toys, trolleys【小贴士】口诀(规则变化) 名词单数变复数，直接加 -s 占多数； s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾，直接加上 -es； 词尾是 f 或 fe，加 -s 之前先变 ve； 辅母 + y 在词尾，把 y 变 i 加 -es； 词尾字母若是 o，常用三个已足够， 要加 -es 请记好，hero, tom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ato, potato。
4）英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，louse-lice, deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，man—men，woman—women，Englishman- Englishmen, foot—feet，tooth—teeth。【小贴士】口诀(不规则变化)男人女人 a 变 e，鹅足牙 oo 变 ee； 老鼠虱婆也好记，ous 变 ic； 孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。中日不变，英法变；其余s加后面。【注意】fish分3种情况。1.fish用作可数名词指：“鱼的条数”，单数和复数形式相同（two fish两条鱼）；2.指“鱼的种类”时复数形式才为fishes（two fishes两种鱼）；3.fish用作不可数名词时无复数形式，指“鱼肉”。【注意】：复合名词的复数形式有两种形式。将最后部分变成复数，如：traffic light---traffic lights将两部分都变成复数，如：m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an teacher---men teachers / woman doctor---women doctors【例1】There is good_________ for you. I've found your lost watch. A. news B. ideas C. messages D. thoughts【例2】My uncle will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) come to my house for dinner．I want to buy some ___to make a vegetable salad for him． A. meat B. tomatoes C. apple D. juice【例3】At night the koala bear gets up and eats___________．A. 1eaf B. 1eaves C. leafs D. a leaf 【例4】All the ____teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th，because it was their own holiday.A. man B. men C. woman D. women【例5】Mike hurt one of his ______in the accident yesterday. A. tooth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. feet C. hand D. ear【知识点二】：不可数名词的数量表达专有名词不可数：人名/ 地名/ 国家。物质名词不可数： 金 /木 /水 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) /火/ 土 /沙 /肉/ 食/ 米 /面/ 布/ 茶/ 咖啡/ 果汁 /牛奶 /酒/ 钢铁 /玻璃 /煤/ 油 /墨水/ 作业/ 纸/ 粉笔 /头发/ 新闻/天气。 抽象名词不可数：幸福/ 时光 /爱情 /知识/ 力量 /仁慈/ 友谊/青春/ 信息 /勇气 。 4. 不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。如：a cup of tea 一杯茶 two cups of tea两杯茶 a glass of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) orange juice 一杯橙汁 three glasses of orange juice 三杯橙汁 a piece of bread 一片面包 five pieces of bread 五片面包 可数名词与不可数名词的不定数量表达只能修饰可数名词few, a few, quite a few（相当多的）, many, too many, a (large) number of.只能修饰不可数名词little, a little, qui ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te a little（相当多的）, much, too much, an amount of, a large amount of, huge amounts of, a great deal of.可数名词与不可数名词皆可修饰some, any, lots ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of, a lot of, plenty of, two hundred/thousand/million, hundreds/thousands/millions of.【例1】Mr Smith always has _________to tell us．A．some good pieces ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of news B． some pieces of good news C．some good piece of newes D．some piece of good newes 【例2】―Would you like some drinks, boys ―Yes, , please.A. some oranges B. two boxes of chocolates C. some cakes D. two bottles of orange【例3】His father went to his doctor for _______about his trouble. A .an advi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce B. some advice C advices D .the advices【例4】Before mov ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing into the new house, Ms. Andy is thinking of buying __________. A. pieces of fu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rniture B. several furnitureC. a couple of furniture D. some furnitures【例5】My cousin will stay with me for ___ days this summer holiday.A. a little ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. a bit C. a couple of D. an amount of【知识点三】： 名词的所有格（一）加 ’s这类情况主要是指单数可数名词和不以s结尾的复数名词后面。如：the boy’s motherChildren’s books【注意】用于表时间、国家和城市、组织机构、度量衡、天体的名词后也加 ’s如：tomorrow’s weatherAmerica’s policythe government’s policya mile’s distance the earth’s surface还有某些固定表达，如：a stone’s throw 一箭之遥 at one's wit’s end 黔驴技穷（二）加 ’这种情况一般是加在以复数词尾s结尾的单词后面。如：the girls’ fatherthe cats’ paws（三）of 的所有格“of + 名词”这种情况一般用于名词为无生命的事物，表示所有关系。如：the window of the kitchenthe door of this house（四）双重所有格“of +名词所有格”表示整体中的一个或部分。如：a friend of Mr. White’s = one of Mr. White’s friendssome coins of my father’s = some of my father’s coins【注意】名词性物主代词也可用于双重所有格。如：a book of mine = my book a teacher of ours = our teacher（五）to的所有格英语中有一类所有格，既不是用of结构来表达，也不是用’s结构来表达，而是要用介词to。如：the key to the door the answer to the question the way to the park the entrance to the theatre the solution to the problem（六）for的所有格 the ticket for the game the check for the exam the exit for the restaurant【例1】_________fathers are both scientists. A. Jim's and Bob B. Jim's and Bob's C. Jim and Bob's D. Jim and Bob【例2】 —Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here —No, it’s about _______. A. 7 minute ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s walk B. 7 minute walk C. 7 minutes’ walk D. 7 minute’s walk【例3】Are they going to have a party on _______ A. Children’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Day B. Childrens’s Day C. Childrens Day D. Children Day【例4】_________ telephoned this morning. A. My father fr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iend B. A friend of my father C. A friend ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of my father's D. One of my father's friend【例5】―How’s Joy’s skirt ―Her skirt is more beautiful than . A. her si ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ster’s and Kate B. her sister and Kate C. her ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sister and Kate’s D. her sister’s and Kate’s当堂检测 一、选出划线部分读音与其他三个划线部分读音不同的选项。( ) 1. A. holiday B. way C. Monday D. Friday( ) 2. A. maths B. months C. mouths D. something( ) 3. A. Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ursday B. news C. days D. plus( ) 4. A. sho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w B. how C. window D. know( ) 5. A. loud B. out C. country D. about( ) 6. A. lesson B. subject C English D. every二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. You' re too________ (noise)！Be quiet!2. My eyes are black, ________ (your) are green.3. I like________ (watch) TV very much.4. This is a fast food shop. I can smell________. (hamburger)5. January is________ (one) month of a year.三、选出正确答案。( ) 1. My friend, Jim, is going to watch a video ________the weekend.A. on B. by C. in D. at( ) 2. What ________your brother and you doing A. am B. is C. be D. are( ) 3. We ________Chinese very much.A. like B. are liking C. are going to like D. are like( ) 4. We have ________on Saturday afternoon.A. no classes B. not classes C. no class D. not class( ) 5. How ________these dictionaries A. much are B. much is C. many are D. many is( ) 6. One of the twins ________in the playground.A. are B. am C. is D. be( ) 7. Keep quiet, please. I can't ________the teacher.A. listen to B. listen C. hear D. hear of( ) 8. Would you like ________coffee, Tom A. some B. any C. many D. few( ) 9. Who can I borrow the book________ A. to B. in C. from D. at( )10. ________old lady is ________American.A. An...a B. An. .. / C. The... / D. The.. . a( )11. A: ________dress is that B: It's________.A. Who' s. . . me B. Whose. . . mine C. Whose. . . his D. Who' s. . . hers ( ) 12. What does "Don't smoke!" mean It means________.A. No smoke ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. No smoking C. Can' t smoke D. Don' t smoking( ) 13. Lily is going to buy ________new trousers in the shop.A. A piece of B. a packet of C. a pair of D. a bottle of( ) 14. ________months are there in a year A. How many B. How much C. How old D. How often四、按要求改变句型。1. Tom planted trees yesterday. (改为一般疑问句) ________Tom ________ _________ yesterday.2. It's eleven thirty. (对划线部分提问) ________ _________is it 3. Tom does his homework at school. (对划线部分提问) _________ ________Tom ________his homework 4. He plays table tennis with Xiao Li. (时间状语为now，改写句子)He_________ ________table tennis with Xiao Li now.5. They are going to the cinema on Saturday evening. (句意相同)They are going ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ________ __________ _________ _______on Saturday evening.6. He is doing some reading now. (改为否定句) He ________ _________ _________reading now.7. There are twenty books on the shelf. (对划线部分提问) ________ __________ ________shelf 五、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. ________ (not be) noisy. The students________ (listen) to the tape.2. What about________ (make) a model ship for Tim 3. ________ (not draw) now. ________ (do) your homework, please.4. A: Where________ (be) your mother B: She________ (help) Grandma with the washing.5. The students of C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lass Two________ (not have) an English lesson now.6. It's ten in the morning. My parents________ (work).7. We________ (have) a party next week.六、用适当的介词填空。1. I go shopping ________my mother on Sundays.2. She will bring the book ________you tomorrow.3. Don't turn ________the radio. I'm listening ________the news.4. How many English lessons have you got ________a week 七、根据中文完成句子。1. A:_________ ________(身体怎么样) your father B: He's fine.2. _________ _________ ________ . (别紧张)3. She will________ _________ _________ __________ _________. (帮助我做回家作业)4. Please________ _________ ________ ________ ________. (把那些画给他)5. Don't________ _________ ________ ________ . (别为你的女儿担心)6. Are they________(上) a math lesson 八、阅读短文，判断正误。Every evening, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Mr. Black walks from his office to the station after work. He often sees an old man sitting by the roadside. An old dog sits beside him. There is a piece of paper round the dog's head with the words, "I'm blind." on it. Mr. Black is sorry for the old man and gives him a little money.One day Mr. Black ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is late. So he goes to the station in a hurry. He doesn't stop to give the old man any money.But the old man ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stands up and runs after him quickly and says, "Give a little money today, too." Mr. Black says, "You are a blind man. How can you run after me "But the old man says, "No, I'm not blind. My old dog is. "( ) 1. Mr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). Black often sees an old dog by the roadside on his way to the office.( ) 2. There is a piece of white paper round the dog's head.( ) 3. Mr. Black often gives the old man some money.( ) 4. He d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oesn't give the old man money one evening because he is ill( ) 5. The old man can run after Mr. Black because he is not a blind man.九、阅读短文，选出正确答案。It's time to go home ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )now. I'm on a bus on a rainy day, and a woman with a dog gets on the bus. It is a big dog and his feet are not clean. I don't want the dog to sit near me. But the woman says to the conductor "Oh, I pay for my dog. Can he sit here like the other people " The conductor looks at the dog and says, "Yes, but like the other people, he mustn't put his feet on the chair."( ) 1. I am going home ________now.A. by bike B. by car C. by bus D. by train( ) 2. What do I see when I am in the bus I see ________get on the bus.A. a bus B. a co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nductor C. a woman with a dog D. a dog( ) 3. I don't want the dog to sit near me, because________.A. the dog is big B. the dog is not cleanC. the dog isn't big D. the dog is clean( ) 4. Why do the woman and the dog get on the bus ________.A. It's a rainy day B. The dog can sitC. The woman is a conductor D. the weather is sunny( ) 5. The meaning of the conductor is________.A. The dog's feet are like the other peopleB. The dog must like a manC. The dog must not sit on the chairD. The dog can sit on the chair十、选择括号内所给的词，写一段话，描写你的学校，至少5句话。 (floor, on the fir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st... , There is... , There are.. . , in my class, . . . )
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