中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2021-2022学年牛津上海版英语六年级上学期拓展第14讲 动词
教学内容
进门测试根据下列首字母提示，完成下文Late in the a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal 1.o an open fire. They were all hungry and the food smelt good. After a 2.w meal, they told stories and sang songs by the camp fire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and crept into their tent. Their sleeping-bags were warm and 3.c , so they all slept soundly. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began4. s . The tent was full of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping-bags and 5.h outside. It was raining 6.h and they found that a stream had 7.f in the field. The stream wound its way8. a the field and then flowed right under their tent!1.o___________ 2.w___________ 3.c___________ 4.s___________ 5.h___________ 6.h___________ 7.f___________ 8.a___________
课堂导入建议10minLesson 14 Do you speak English 你会讲英语吗？I had an amu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sing experience last year. After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me. I stopped and he asked me for a lift. As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. Neither of us spoke during the journey. I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, 'Do you speak English ' As I soon learnt, he was English himself! 去年我有过一次有趣的经 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )历。在离开法国南部的一个小村庄后，我继续驶往下一个城镇。途中，一个青年人向我招手。我把车停下，他向我提出要求搭车。他一上车，我就用法语向他问早上好，他也同样用法语回答我。除了个别几个单词外，我根本不会法语。旅途中我们谁也没讲话。就要到达那个镇时，那青年突然开了口，慢慢地说道：“你会讲英语吗？”我很快了解到，他自己就是个英国人！ 精讲精练动词 【知识点一】系动词（一）系动词概述1．系动词亦称联系动词，作为系动词，它本身有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（名词、形容词等），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 2．常用系动词有：be是；make使；become成为；get成为；feel感觉；look看起来；smell闻起来；sound听起来。（二）be动词用法（是）1．现在式：am, is, are 过去式：was, were Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名词做表语)She is beautiful. （形容词做表语）The twins were very busy yesterday.(一般过去时;形容词做表语) （三）其他系动词(后面多加名词或形容词原级） make使 We made him our monitor. （make sb./sth. 名词） We must make the river clean.(make sth./sb. 形容词） The good news made us excited.(make sth./sb. 形容词） What makes the grass grow (make sth./sb. do sth.）become成为 He became ill yesterday. He became a teacher at the age of 17.feel感觉 The cloth feels soft. The water feels cold.look看起来 He looks tired.smell闻起来 The flower smells sweat.sound听起来It sounds a good idea.【例1】A: How many da ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ys ____ there in a week
B: There ____ seven.
A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is【例2】 You ____ pale ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). What's wrong with you
A. turn B. seem C. look D. become【例3】 The teac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her's smile made me ____ better.
A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt【例5】. The tab ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le ____ very smooth.
A. look B. turn C. feels D. smell 【知识点二】实义动词（一）实义动词概述实义动词意思完全，能独立用作谓 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语。实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词（及物动词是指后面要有直接宾语的动词；不及物动词指后面不需要跟宾语的动词） 即行为动词,表示动作的动词。（二）及物动词vt.（要求有宾语）有些及物动词只有一个宾语（单宾语）,有些可跟间接宾语和直接宾语（双宾语）,或跟宾语和宾语补足语（复合宾语）,例：I like the book very much．我很喜欢这本书.（单宾）My teacher lend me some books．我的老师借给我一些书.（双宾语） I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her．我一接到她的信就通知你.（复合宾语） 类似的有：buy,catch,invent,fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )und,like,observe,offer,prevent,promise,raise,find,forget,receive,regard,see,say,seat,supply,select,suppose,show,make,take,tell.（三）不及物动词vi.（不要求有宾语）而不及物动词不带宾语,例：The good news soon spread all over the city．好消息很快传遍全城.常见不及物动词有：agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,belong,fall,rise,fail,succeed（四）既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词例：He turned his head．他把头转过去了.（及物） She turned and walked to the house．她转身走回家.（不及物） .常见的有：begin,start,answer,sing,close,read,learn,pay,hurt,prepare注意：有些不及物动词后面可接形容词或名词,这时的用法相当于连系动词,例：The tree grows tall．这棵树长得很高.【例1】who can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be possibly kind enough to ______me a bowl of water (provide/supply/offer)/ 【例2】 my mother does ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n’t ______me to chat online,because she was very busy then.(allow/promise)【例3】as soon as they _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )___at the hotel,they called their parents.(arrive/reach)【例5】.if you arrive early,you can ____yourself casually.(seat/sit)【知识点三】情态动词一、情态动词的概况（一）语法特征：1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2）情态动词后面必须加动词的原形。3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。常见的情态动词：can (could) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),may (might), must ,shall (should), will (would), dare (dared) , need等 另外, have to、had better, ought to, be able to也当作情态动词使用。二、 情态动词的用法can（could）和be able to 1）can/could（过去式） 表示能力、允许、可能性（can’t表示不可能）。be able to可以用于各种时态。2）只用be able to的情况： a. 位于助动词后。b. 情态动词后。c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。 d. 用于句首表示条件。e. 表示成功地做了某事时，用was/were able to，不能用could。 3）could有时不表示时态：a. 提出委婉的请求（注意在回答中不可用could） b. 在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑【例题1】 --Could I borrow your dictionary --Of course you ____________.A. can B. must C. should D. will【例题2】--Listen! Is Tom singing in the classroom --No. It ________be Tom. He has gone to Paris. may not B. needn't C. can't D. mustn’t【例题3】The policemen _____ catch the thief at last. can B. may C. could D. were able to2、may和might 1) may表示允许、请求、可能性、祝愿；表示没有把握的推测。2) might过去式，但表示推测时，不表示时态，只是可能性比may小。【例题1】 ____ I take thin one May B. Will C. Must D. Shouldhave to和must 1）两词都是'必须'的意思，have to表示客观的需要，must表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。2）have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。3）否定结构中：don't have to表示"不必"，mustn't表示"禁止"。4）must还可表示有把握的推测，“一定...”, 注意表示否定推测时应该用can’t。【例题1】 When traffic lights are red. We _________stop and wait. may B. can C. must D. might.【例题2】--I didn't pass ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the math test. I think I have spent too much time playing computer games recently.--I agree. You _____ play like that any more. A. needn't B. mustn't C. may not D. wouldn't【例题3】His arm is all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )right. He______ go and see the doctor.
A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to4、shall, should 和ought to 1) should和ought to表示建议、责任、义务，“想必一定，按理应该”的意思。2) shall/should用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于第一、三人称表示请求或征求对方意见，常用句型 Shall I... / Shall we... 也可用于第二、三人称陈述句中表示允诺、命令/警告3）ought to 否定形式 ought not to 【例题1】 Schools ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) _________allow students at least one hour a day for sports. A. would B. might C. should D. could 【例题2】____ we go to the picnic Shall B. Must C. Can D. May5、had better和would ratherhad better表示"最好"，相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。would rather 表示"宁愿" : would rather do 宁愿做某事would rather not do 宁愿不做某事 would rather do A than do B 宁愿…而不愿...【例题1】 ---Bob，may I borrow your MP4 ---Sure．But you'd better not _________it to others．lend B. to lend C.lending D. lent【例题2】--What about playing football this afternoon, Sam --I woul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d rather _______ at home than football. It's too hot outside. A. stay; playi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng B. stay; play C. to stay; to play D. to stay; playing6、will和would 1）表示意愿。will表示现在的意愿，would表示现在的意愿；would也可表示现在的意愿，语气比较委婉 2）表示征求或提出请求。Will/Would you.... (注意疑问句中用some，不用any) 3) would有时用于提出想法，固定搭配would like to do= want to 想要 4）否定结构中用will，一般不用would，won’t you是一种委婉语气。【例题1】 ---Why ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )don't you ask Mike to go with us
---Thanks, _______.
A. I will B. I won't C. I can D. I may【例题2】____ you like to help me with my homework May B. Should C. Would D. Can 7、need和dare 这两词既可做实义动词用，又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词，两者都只能用于疑问句，否定句和条件句。作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to，而dare作实义动词用时, 后面的to 时常可以被省略。1） 实义动词：need（需要, 要求） need + n. / to do sth2） 情态动词：need，只用原形need后加do，否定形式为need not。【例题1】 You_______ wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry about your son. He will get well soon.
A. needn't B. not need C. don’t need D. needn’t to三、情态动词的提问和回答1. Can 提问 —— Can you... — Yes, I can. — No, I can’t. 【例题1】---Can you s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )peak Japanese
---No, I______.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may notMay 提问 —— May I... — Yes, please. / Certainly. — No, you can’t / mustn’t. 【例题1】---May I take thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s book out
---No, you_____.
A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren'tMust 提问 —— Must I... —Yes, you must / have to. —No，you needn’t / don’t have to. 【例题1】--Must we finish giving out the posters today --Yes, we _______. It can't be put off any longer. A. can B. may C. must D. need【例题2】---Must ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I do my homework at once
---No, you______.
A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not —— Need I... — Yes, you must. — No, you needn’t. 【例题1】— Need I see him — Yes, you ____.need B. must C. may D. would2. Draw two signs for the zoo. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )当堂检测一、找出在意义上不属于同类的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词，将字母代号写在括号内。（5分）
( ) 1. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. weather
( ) 2. A. bread B. meat C. apple D. butter
( ) 3. A. cupboard B. desk C. window D. chair
( ) 4. A. sunny B. rain C. cloudy D. snowy
( ) 5. A. the B. near C. behind D. on二、词汇。（5分）
根据首字母提 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )示写出单词，完成句子。
1. --- Thank you very much! --- With p _______.
2. W__________ comes after Tuesday.
3. What do you have for b__________.
4. This is Peter's e________ life.
5. F________ is the second month of a year.三．单选1. He always________ himself enough time to relax. A. forgets. B. leaves. C. remember D. have.2. How long can I_______ this magazine A. borrow B. return C. buy D. keep3. With the develop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ment of the society, parents________ more and more money on their children’s education.A. take B. cost. C. pay D. spend4. Please________ the dish. Is it delicious A. smell B. feel C. eat D. taste5. Without work, how can I_________ for my children A. provide B. offer. C. give D. protect.6. A teacher should ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be a fairly food speaker to _________ his students’ interest for over an hour.A. hold B. make C. improve D. receive.7. I ________ vegetables to meat because they are good for my health.A. produce. B. prepare C. prefer D. process8. Some birds ________ to the south before winter comes.A. run B. swim C. walk D. fly9. In some pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aces there are watchtowers on the beaches to _________ people about sharks in the water.A. prevent B. allow C. warn D. advise10. Miss King has alre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ady visited the art museum. I am going to ________ her somewhere else tomorrow.A. take B. bring C. push D. carry 四、选词填空。（5分）
用at, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on, to, like, for, in front of, from填空。
1. What's the weather _________ in Shanghai
2. A storm is coming _________ South China Sea.
3. Here's the weather report __________ tomorrow.
4. Mr. Smith has many pigs ___________ his farm.
5. Father is cleaning his car ___________ the house.
6. I get up _________ six o'clock in the morning.
7. We are eating dinner _________ the table.
8. It's raining. We can watch TV _______ home.
9. What can I do __________ you
10. It's five __________ twelve in the morning.五、用所给单词的适当形式填空。（10分）
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 1. Linda can swim very fast. She is a good ___________ (swim).
2. It's late. We can't play any _________ (long).
3. Mary is much __________ (good) today.
4. That is a new boy. ___________ (He)name is Jack.
5. ---- Here's your book. --- __________(Thank) a lot.
6. Today is the _______ (nine)of June.
7. I ________(have) a shower at this time yesterday.
8. San was in the _________ (sit) room just now.
9. Lucy writes __________ (carefully) than Lily.
10. My father _________ (read)a newspaper last night.课后巩固一、完型填空。（每小题1分，共10分）The car was inven ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted jus a century ago. You may know all kinds of the car names. 1 many people don't know 2 the inventor of the first car was. The first car was invented by an American. 3 name was Henry Ford. Henry was born in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 4 poor family. He was the 5 of six children. When he was a boy, he 6 interested in 7 watches and machines. When he was twelve years old, his mother died. Soon he 8 to work in a machine shop for two dollar sand fifty cents a week. At that time ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), there was another interest in the life of the young Ford. He dreamed of making a machine that could run without horses, so he named it "horseless carriage". He overcame a lot of difficulties and 9 April 1893, the "horseless carriage" was finally finished: it was the first car. 10 Henry ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Ford founded the Ford motor Company. He was really the first inventor of the car in the world. （ ）1. A. because B. but C. so D. either（ ）2. A. who B. whose C. whom D. what（ ）3. A. He B. Him C. His D. It's（ ）4. A. the B. \ C. a D. an（ ）5. A. eldest B. elder C. old D. oldest（ ）6. A. become B. became C. becomes D. to become（ ）7. A. fix B. fixed C. fixes D. fixing（ ）8. A. has B. could C. had D. ought（ ）9. A. in B. on C. at D. with（ ）10. Latter B. Latest C. Late D. Later二、阅读理解（每小题1分，共10分） A One day nearly 1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2:00 a. m. , a city mouse met a country mouse in the field far away from the city. The country mouse was eating nuts. "Hello, my friend! ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Why are you eating such bad food Come with me and you can find the delicious food easily in the city" the city mouse said. "Is that so " the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )country mouse was surprised and wanted to go with his friend. They walked and walked. At last they came to the city. There was a lot of food in the house. The country mouse was very glad. "Come on! Let ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'s have dinner. " The city mouse said. They started to eat. At this moment they heard the sound of people's voices. "Run away! Hur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry up!" the city mouse shouted. Two mice ran quickly in fear. "Oh, my heart was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in my mouth. " the country mouse said, "I prefer to going back to the field to eat the bad food without fear. "（ ）1. ----What was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the country mouse doing when the city mouse met him ----The country mouse was . A. waiting for the city mouse B. eating good food C. looking for food D. having lunch( ) 2. The country mouse would like to . A. live in the city B. eat bad food C. eat good food D. be away from the country( ) 3. At last, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) country mouse went back to the . A. playgrou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd B. city C. city mouse's home D. field( ) 4. Two mice were afraid of in this story. A. cats B. people C. food D. dogs( ) 5. The best title for this passage is . A. The C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ountry Mouse and the City Mouse B. The life of Country C. The l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ife of City D. The mouse and the people. BVisitors to Lond ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on often eat in restaurants. The owners and workers in them are all from other countries. The visitors say in these restaurants they don't fell they are in England. Most of English people eat at home as much as they can. Sometimes they themselves will think they are in another country when they are in restaurants. When an Englishman goes out of a restaurant, he may find that he doesn't understand why everything is written in French and Italian. Most of English peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le think it is better to eat at home, because it is cheaper. They don't want to spend much money on food and they like cooking at home. They like fast food. But for Christmas, they will spend two or three weeks to get ready for it, because they want to have good food. ( ) 6. Visitors ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to London often eat in restaurants because . A. The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y don't like the food at home B. their homes are not in London. C. it's ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eaper D. restaurants are beautiful places. ( ) 7. When English ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) people eat in restaurants, they sometimes think . A. they ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are in another country B. they are in their country C. they are themselves. D. they love their country. ( ) 8. Some of Engl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ish people eating in the restaurants don't know . A. why everything comes from French and Italian B. everything in restaurant. C. why people write everything in French and Italian D. everyone in restaurant. ( ) 9. English people eat at home because . A. it is fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st B. the food is expensive at home C. it i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s sometimes very cheap D. they like cooking at home( ) 10. English people will spend much time for Christmas. A. In orde ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r to get more food B. In order to have much food C. In ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) order to get good food D. In order to have enough food三． 语言表达（共10分）每个家庭都有各自不同的饮食习惯，请用不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )少于60字谈谈你家里的饮食习惯。如平常吃些什么？最喜欢吃什么？通常谁做饭？是否经常出去吃饭？等，你认为健康的饮食习惯是什么？ Eating Habits__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________预习思考
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2021-2022学年牛津上海版英语六年级上学期拓展第14讲 动词
教学内容
进门测试建议5min根据下列首字母提示，完成下文Late in the af ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal 1.o an open fire. They were all hungry and the food smelt good. After a 2.w meal, they told stories and sang songs by the camp fire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and crept into their tent. Their sleeping-bags were warm and 3.c , so they all slept soundly. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began4. s . The tent was full of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping-bags and 5.h outside. It was raining 6.h and they found that a stream had 7.f in the field. The stream wound its way8. a the field and then flowed right under their tent!1.o___________ 2.w___________ 3.c___________ 4.s___________ 5.h___________ 6.h___________ 7.f___________ 8.a___________
【参考答案】1.over 2.wonderful 3.comfortable 4.shouting 5.hurried 6.heavily 7.formed 8.across课堂导入建议10minLesson 14 Do you speak English 你会讲英语吗？I had an amusing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) experience last year. After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me. I stopped and he asked me for a lift. As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. Neither of us spoke during the journey. I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, 'Do you speak English ' As I soon learnt, he was English himself! 去年我有过一次有趣的经历。在离开法 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )国南部的一个小村庄后，我继续驶往下一个城镇。途中，一个青年人向我招手。我把车停下，他向我提出要求搭车。他一上车，我就用法语向他问早上好，他也同样用法语回答我。除了个别几个单词外，我根本不会法语。旅途中我们谁也没讲话。就要到达那个镇时，那青年突然开了口，慢慢地说道：“你会讲英语吗？”我很快了解到，他自己就是个英国人！ 精讲精练建议70min动词 【知识点一】系动词（一）系动词概述1．系动词亦称联系动词， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（名词、形容词等），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 2．常用系动词有：be是；make使；become成为；get成为；feel感觉；look看起来；smell闻起来；sound听起来。（二）be动词用法（是）1．现在式：am, is, are 过去式：was, were Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名词做表语)She is beautiful. （形容词做表语）The twins were very busy yesterday.(一般过去时;形容词做表语) （三）其他系动词(后面多加名词或形容词原级） make使 We made him our monitor. （make sb./sth. 名词） We must make the river clean.(make sth./sb. 形容词） The good news made us excited.(make sth./sb. 形容词） What makes the grass grow (make sth./sb. do sth.）become成为 He became ill yesterday. He became a teacher at the age of 17.feel感觉 The cloth feels soft. The water feels cold.look看起来 He looks tired.smell闻起来 The flower smells sweat.sound听起来It sounds a good idea.【例1】A: How ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ny days ____ there in a week
B: There ____ seven.
A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is【答案】B【解析】考察be动词。“days”和“seven”在此处都表示复数,所以要用be动词“are”。【例2】 You ____ pale. What's wrong with you
A. turn B. seem C. look D. become【答案】C【解析】考察系动词look的使用。根据句意可看出用look“看起来”的含义。【例3】 The teacher's s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mile made me ____ better.
A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt【答案】A【解析】考察系动词make。Make sb./sth do sth.因此用动词原形feel。【例5】. The table ____ very smooth.
A. look B. turn C. feels D. smell【答案】C【解析】考察系动词feel。在此句中是表示“摸起来”的含义。 【知识点二】实义动词（一）实义动词概述实义动词意思完全，能独立用作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )谓语。实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词（及物动词是指后面要有直接宾语的动词；不及物动词指后面不需要跟宾语的动词） 即行为动词,表示动作的动词。（二）及物动词vt.（要求有宾语）有些及物动词只有一个宾语（单宾语）,有些可跟间接宾语和直接宾语（双宾语）,或跟宾语和宾语补足语（复合宾语）,例：I like the book very much．我很喜欢这本书.（单宾）My teacher lend me some books．我的老师借给我一些书.（双宾语） I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her．我一接到她的信就通知你.（复合宾语） 类似的有：buy,catch,invent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),found,like,observe,offer,prevent,promise,raise,find,forget,receive,regard,see,say,seat,supply,select,suppose,show,make,take,tell.（三）不及物动词vi.（不要求有宾语）而不及物动词不带宾语,例：The good news soon spread all over the city．好消息很快传遍全城.常见不及物动词有：agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,belong,fall,rise,fail,succeed（四）既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词例：He turned his head．他把头转过去了.（及物） She turned and walked to the house．她转身走回家.（不及物） .常见的有：begin,start,answer,sing,close,read,learn,pay,hurt,prepare注意：有些不及物动词后面可接形容词或名词,这时的用法相当于连系动词,例：The tree grows tall．这棵树长得很高.【例1】who can be possib ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly kind enough to ______me a bowl of water (provide/supply/offer)/ 【答案】offer【解析】考察及物动词和不及物动词。表提供的意思，此处是offer sb. Sth.而provide和supply都要与with连用。【例2】 my mother d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oesn’t ______me to chat online,because she was very busy then.(allow/promise)【答案】promise【解析】考察及物动词和不及物动词。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。【例3】as soon as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) they ____at the hotel,they called their parents.(arrive/reach)【答案】arrive【解析】考察及物动词和不及物动词。表到达某地arrive at; reach后不用介词 。 【例5】.if you arrive early,you can ____yourself casually.(seat/sit)【答案】seat【解析】考察及物动词和不及物动词。在此句中是表示使某人坐下，所以用seat。【知识点三】情态动词一、情态动词的概况（一）语法特征：1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2）情态动词后面必须加动词的原形。3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。常见的情态动词：can (cou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld) ,may (might), must ,shall (should), will (would), dare (dared) , need等 另外, have to、had better, ought to, be able to也当作情态动词使用。二、 情态动词的用法can（could）和be able to 1）can/could（过去式） 表示能力、允许、可能性（can’t表示不可能）。be able to可以用于各种时态。2）只用be able to的情况： a. 位于助动词后。b. 情态动词后。c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。 d. 用于句首表示条件。e. 表示成功地做了某事时，用was/were able to，不能用could。 3）could有时不表示时态：a. 提出委婉的请求（注意在回答中不可用could） b. 在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑【例题1】 --Could I borrow your dictionary --Of course you ____________.A. can B. must C. should D. will【参考答案】A。 情态动词。could并不表示过去，而只是一种委婉的说法，所以答语用can更礼貌些。【例题2】--Listen! Is Tom singing in the classroom --No. It ________be Tom. He has gone to Paris. may not B. needn't C. can't D. mustn’t【参考答案】C。 情态动词。表示否定推测，“不可能”，所以用can’t。【例题3】The policemen _____ catch the thief at last. can B. may C. could D. were able to【参考答案】D。 情态动词。表示成功地做了某事，不能用could，只能用被able to。2、may和might 1) may表示允许、请求、可能性、祝愿；表示没有把握的推测。2) might过去式，但表示推测时，不表示时态，只是可能性比may小。【例题1】 ____ I take thin one May B. Will C. Must D. Should【参考答案】A。 情态动词。表示请求，想要得到对方允许have to和must 1）两词都是'必须'的意思，have to表示客观的需要，must表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。2）have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。3）否定结构中：don't have to表示"不必"，mustn't表示"禁止"。4）must还可表示有把握的推测，“一定...”, 注意表示否定推测时应该用can’t。【例题1】 When traffic lights are red. We _________stop and wait. may B. can C. must D. might.【参考答案】C。 情态动词。 交通规则“红灯停”，所以是必须停下等待的意思， must 有必须的意思。【例题2】--I didn't pas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the math test. I think I have spent too much time playing computer games recently.--I agree. You _____ play like that any more. A. needn't B. mustn't C. may not D. wouldn't【参考答案】B。 情态动词。 表示“一定不能”“千万不能”“禁止”，用较强的语气来提醒对方不能再玩游戏了。【例题3】His arm is all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )right. He______ go and see the doctor.
A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to【参考答案】D。 情态动词。 have to 有人称变化，主语是第三人称单数，要用助动词doesn’t4、shall, should 和ought to 1) should和ought to表示建议、责任、义务，“想必一定，按理应该”的意思。2) shall/should ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用于第一、三人称表示请求或征求对方意见，常用句型 Shall I... / Shall we... 也可用于第二、三人称陈述句中表示允诺、命令/警告3）ought to 否定形式 ought not to 【例题1】 Schools _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________allow students at least one hour a day for sports. A. would B. might C. should D. could 【参考答案】C。 情态动词。 表示“应当，应该”【例题2】____ we go to the picnic Shall B. Must C. Can D. May【参考答案】A。 情态动词。 表示征求对方意见，只能用Shall5、had better和would ratherhad better表示"最好"，相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。would rather 表示"宁愿" : would rather do 宁愿做某事would rather not do 宁愿不做某事 would rather do A than do B 宁愿…而不愿...【例题1】 ---Bob，may I borrow your MP4 ---Sure．But you'd better not _________it to others．lend B. to lend C.lending D. lent【参考答案】A。 情态动词。 had better+动词原形，否定had better not do sth. 【例题2】--What about playing football this afternoon, Sam --I would rat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her _______ at home than football. It's too hot outside. A. stay; playing B. stay; play C. to stay; to play D. to stay; playing【参考答案】B。 情态动词。 would rather do A than do B, 所以选B6、will和would 1）表示意愿。will表示现在的意愿，would表示现在的意愿；would也可表示现在的意愿，语气比较委婉 2）表示征求或提出请求。Will/Would you.... (注意疑问句中用some，不用any) 3) would有时用于提出想法，固定搭配would like to do= want to 想要 4）否定结构中用will，一般不用would，won’t you是一种委婉语气。【例题1】 ---Why ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) don't you ask Mike to go with us
---Thanks, _______.
A. I will B. I won't C. I can D. I may【参考答案】A。 情态动词。表示意愿，用will【例题2】____ you like to help me with my homework May B. Should C. Would D. Can 【参考答案】C。 固定搭配would like to do7、need和dare 这两词既可做实义动词用，又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词，两者都只能用于疑问句，否定句和条件句。作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to，而dare作实义动词用时, 后面的to 时常可以被省略。1） 实义动词：need（需要, 要求） need + n. / to do sth2） 情态动词：need，只用原形need后加do，否定形式为need not。【例题1】 You_______ wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry about your son. He will get well soon.
A. needn't B. not need C. don’t need D. needn’t to【参考答案】A。 need做情态动词时后面直接加动词原形，作实义动词才要加to三、情态动词的提问和回答1. Can 提问 —— Can you... — Yes, I can. — No, I can’t. 【例题1】---Can you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) speak Japanese
---No, I______.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not【参考答案】B。 情态动词回答。提问为Can I, 否定回答用can’tMay 提问 —— May I... — Yes, please. / Certainly. — No, you can’t / mustn’t. 【例题1】---May I ta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke this book out
---No, you_____.
A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't【参考答案】A。 情态动词回答。提问为May I, 否定回答用can’t 或者mustn’tMust 提问 —— Must I... —Yes, you must / have to. —No，you needn’t / don’t have to. 【例题1】--Must we finish giving out the posters today --Yes, we _______. It can't be put off any longer. A. can B. may C. must D. need【参考答案】C。 情态动词回答。 提问用must, 肯定回答也应该用must。【例题2】---Must ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I do my homework at once
---No, you______.
A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not【参考答案】A。 情态动词回答。 提问用must, 否定回答用needn't。Need 提问 —— Need I... — Yes, you must. — No, you needn’t. 【例题1】— Need I see him — Yes, you ____.need B. must C. may D. would【参考答案】B。 情态动词回答。 提问用Need, 肯定回答用must。2. Draw two signs for the zoo. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )当堂检测建议15min一、找出在意义上不属于同类的词，将字 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )母代号写在括号内。（5分）
( ) 1. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. weather
( ) 2. A. bread B. meat C. apple D. butter
( ) 3. A. cupboard B. desk C. window D. chair
( ) 4. A. sunny B. rain C. cloudy D. snowy
( ) 5. A. the B. near C. behind D. on二、词汇。（5分）
根据首字母提示写出单 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词，完成句子。
1. --- Thank you very much! --- With p _______.
2. W__________ comes after Tuesday.
3. What do you have for b__________.
4. This is Peter's e________ life.
5. F________ is the second month of a year.三．单选1. He always________ himself enough time to relax. A. forgets. B. leaves. C. remember D. have.2. How long can I_______ this magazine A. borrow B. return C. buy D. keep3. With the developme ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt of the society, parents________ more and more money on their children’s education.A. take B. cost. C. pay D. spend4. Please________ the dish. Is it delicious A. smell B. feel C. eat D. taste5. Without work, how can I_________ for my children A. provide B. offer. C. give D. protect.6. A teacher sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ould be a fairly food speaker to _________ his students’ interest for over an hour.A. hold B. make C. improve D. receive.7. I ________ vegetables to meat because they are good for my health.A. produce. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. prepare C. prefer D. process8. Some birds ________ to the south before winter comes.A. run B. swim C. walk D. fly9. In some plac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es there are watchtowers on the beaches to _________ people about sharks in the water.A. prevent B. allow C. warn D. advise10. Miss King has al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ready visited the art museum. I am going to ________ her somewhere else tomorrow.A. take B. bring C. push D. carry 四、选词填空。（5分）
用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at, on, to, like, for, in front of, from填空。
1. What's the weather _________ in Shanghai
2. A storm is coming _________ South China Sea.
3. Here's the weather report __________ tomorrow.
4. Mr. Smith has many pigs ___________ his farm.
5. Father is cleaning his car ___________ the house.
6. I get up _________ six o'clock in the morning.
7. We are eating dinner _________ the table.
8. It's raining. We can watch TV _______ home.
9. What can I do __________ you
10. It's five __________ twelve in the morning.五、用所给单词的适当形式填空。（1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )0分）
1. Linda can swim very fast. She is a good ___________ (swim).
2. It's late. We can't play any _________ (long).
3. Mary is much __________ (good) today.
4. That is a new boy. ___________ (He)name is Jack.
5. ---- Here's your book. --- __________(Thank) a lot.
6. Today is the _______ (nine)of June.
7. I ________(have) a shower at this time yesterday.
8. San was in the _________ (sit) room just now.
9. Lucy writes __________ (carefully) than Lily.
10. My father _________ (read)a newspaper last night.参考答案：一、 DCCBA1.pleasure 2.Wednesday 3.breakfast 4. everyday 5.FebruaryBDDDA AADCA 1.like 2.from 3.for 4.on 5.in front of 6.at 7.at 8.at 9.for 10.to五，1.swimmer 2.lon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ger 3.better 4.His 5.Thanks 6.ninth 7.had 8.sitting 9.more carefully 课后巩固 建议5min一、完型填空。（每小题1分，共10分）The car was invented ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) jus a century ago. You may know all kinds of the car names. 1 many people don't know 2 the inventor of the first car was. The first car was invented by an American. 3 name was Henry Ford. Henry was born in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 4 poor family. He was the 5 of six children. When he was a boy, he 6 interested in 7 watches and machines. When he was twelve years old, his mother died. Soon he 8 to work in a machine shop for two dollar sand fifty cents a week. At that time, there w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as another interest in the life of the young Ford. He dreamed of making a machine that could run without horses, so he named it "horseless carriage". He overcame a lot of difficulties and 9 April 1893, the "horseless carriage" was finally finished: it was the first car. 10 Henry F ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ord founded the Ford motor Company. He was really the first inventor of the car in the world. （ ）1. A. because B. but C. so D. either（ ）2. A. who B. whose C. whom D. what（ ）3. A. He B. Him C. His D. It's（ ）4. A. the B. \ C. a D. an（ ）5. A. eldest B. elder C. old D. oldest（ ）6. A. become B. became C. becomes D. to become（ ）7. A. fix B. fixed C. fixes D. fixing（ ）8. A. has B. could C. had D. ought（ ）9. A. in B. on C. at D. with（ ）10. Latter B. Latest C. Late D. Later二、阅读理解（每小题1分，共10分） A One day ne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arly 12:00 a. m. , a city mouse met a country mouse in the field far away from the city. The country mouse was eating nuts. "Hello, my fri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )end! Why are you eating such bad food Come with me and you can find the delicious food easily in the city" the city mouse said. "Is that so " the country mouse was surprised and wanted to go with his friend. They walked and walked. At last they came to the city. There was a lot of food in the house. The country mouse was very glad. "Come on! Let's have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dinner. " The city mouse said. They started to eat. At this moment they heard the sound of people's voices. "Run away! ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Hurry up!" the city mouse shouted. Two mice ran quickly in fear. "Oh, my he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )art was in my mouth. " the country mouse said, "I prefer to going back to the field to eat the bad food without fear. "（ ）1. ----What was the country mouse doing when the city mouse met him ----The country mouse was . A. waiting for the city mouse B. eating good food C. looking for food D. having lunch( ) 2. The country mouse would like to . A. live in the city B. eat bad food C. eat good food D. be away from the country( ) 3. At last, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )country mouse went back to the . A. pla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yground B. city C. city mouse's home D. field( ) 4. Two mice were afraid of in this story. A. cats B. people C. food D. dogs( ) 5. The best title for this passage is . A. The Country Mouse and the City Mouse B. The life of Country C. Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e life of City D. The mouse and the people. BVisitors to London ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) often eat in restaurants. The owners and workers in them are all from other countries. The visitors say in these restaurants they don't fell they are in England. Most of English people eat at home as much as they can. Sometimes they themselves will think they are in another country when they are in restaurants. When an Englishman goes out of a restaurant, he may find that he doesn't understand why everything is written in French and Italian. Most of English peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple think it is better to eat at home, because it is cheaper. They don't want to spend much money on food and they like cooking at home. They like fast food. But for Christmas, they will spend two or three weeks to get ready for it, because they want to have good food. ( ) 6. Visitors t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o London often eat in restaurants because . A. They don't like the food at home B. their homes are not in London. C. it's c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )heaper D. restaurants are beautiful places. ( ) 7. Whe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n English people eat in restaurants, they sometimes think . A. th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ey are in another country B. they are in their country C. th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ey are themselves. D. they love their country. ( ) 8. Some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of English people eating in the restaurants don't know . A. why everything comes from French and Italian B. everything in restaurant. C. why people write everything in French and Italian D. everyone in restaurant. ( ) 9. English people eat at home because . A. it is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) fast B. the food is expensive at home C. it is so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )metimes very cheap D. they like cooking at home( ) 10. English people will spend much time for Christmas. A. In order t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o get more food B. In order to have much food C. In ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) order to get good food D. In order to have enough food三． 语言表达（共10分）每个家庭都有各自不同的饮 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )食习惯，请用不少于60字谈谈你家里的饮食习惯。如平常吃些什么？最喜欢吃什么？通常谁做饭？是否经常出去吃饭？等，你认为健康的饮食习惯是什么？ Eating Habits__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案；一.BACCA BDCAD二.DCDBA BACDC Eating HabitsLet me tell y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou something about my eating habits.My favorite food is vegetables and fish.I like many kinds of vegetables such as, tomatoes, potatoes, ,cabbages, and so on.I seldom eat meat ,but I like eat chicken.I often eat fruits when I am free, for example, I like eat apples after school .I always eat chocolates and cookies when I feel sad. This is my eating habits, I will try my best to form the good habits of eating.预习思考
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