中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2021-2022学年牛津上海版英语六年级上学期拓展第7讲 冠词
教学内容
进门测试建议5min根据下列首字母提示，完成下文Late in the af ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal 1.o an open fire. They were all hungry and the food smelt good. After a 2.w meal, they told stories and sang songs by the camp fire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and crept into their tent. Their sleeping-bags were warm and 3.c , so they all slept soundly. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began4. s . The tent was full of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping-bags and 5.h outside. It was raining 6.h and they found that a stream had 7.f in the field. The stream wound its way8. a the field and then flowed right under their tent!1.o___________ 2.w___________ 3.c___________ 4.s___________ 5.h___________ 6.h___________ 7.f___________ 8.a___________
【参考答案】1.over 2.wonderful 3.comfortable 4.shouting 5.hurried 6.heavily 7.formed 8.across课堂导入建议10minLesson 7 Too late 为时太晚 The plane was lat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. They were expecting a valuable parcel of diamond from South Africa. A few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House. While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, the precious parcel was full of stones and sand! 飞机误点了，侦探们在机场等了 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )整整一上午。他们正期待从南非来的一个装着钻石的贵重包裹。数小时以前，有人向警方报告，说有人企图偷走这些钻石。当飞机到达时，一些侦探等候在主楼内，另一些侦探则守候在停机坪上。有两个人把包裹拿下飞机，进了海关。这时两个侦探把住门口，另外两个侦探打开了包裹。令他们吃惊的是，那珍贵的包裹里面装的全是石头和沙子！ 精讲精练建议70min【知识梳理】冠词 【知识点一】冠词概述及不定冠词的用法（一）冠词概述1．冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。2．冠词分为不定冠词和定 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )冠词两种：不定冠词用于单数可数名词之前，通常带有“一”、“某一”、“一种”的含义；定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”、“那”、“这些”、“那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。（二）a和an的区别1．不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的词前。例如：a boy, a university, a European（欧洲的）country;an hour, an island, an elephant, an umbrella（三）不定冠词的用法1、不定冠词用来表示“一”这个数量，意思和o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne差不多：
例如，a. Rome was not built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的。
b. He will be back in a day or two.他将在一至两天内返回。
说明：这种用法在表示重量、长度、时间等的词组中特别普遍。例如：a pair of socks, a hundred, two yuan a metre, eight hours a day, twice a week, a cup of tea.2、泛指某一类人、事或物，这是不定冠词的基本用法。例：A grammar boo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k is necessary to a language learner. 对语言学习者来说，语法书是很必要的。 A house is a useful animal.3、泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如，A man is looking for you.4、表示“每一”，相当于every 例如，I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。5、用在序数词前，表示“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )又一”，“再一”。例如，I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.我已经有三本书，我想买第四本。6、用在某些固定词组中：a lot(of)许多，大量 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )； after a while过一会儿； have a rest（休息）； have a look（瞧瞧）；have a good time（过得开心）； take a shower（淋浴）； take a break（休息）； take a bath（洗澡）； get a cold（患感冒）； get a fever（发烧）； make a living（谋生）；in a moment（过一会儿）；【例1】There wil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l be _____ interview between the manager and his assistants this afternoon. A. an B. a C. the D. /【答案】A【解析】考察不定冠词。“interview”是元音音素/i/发音开头,所以要用不定冠词“an”。【例2】Can you see _____ one-eyed cow in _____field A. an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), the B. a, the C. /, the D. a, a【答案】B【解析】考察不定冠词的使用。“one”虽然 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是元音字母开头，但实际发辅音/w/，所以用不定冠词“a”，“in the field”在田地里（固定搭配）。【例3】Can I have ______look at the photo of your pen friend. A. a B. an C. / D. the【答案】A【解析】考察不定冠词。“have a look at” 看一下（固定搭配）。【例4】There is _____“n” and _____“u” in the word number. A. a, a B. an, a C. a, an D. an, an【答案】B【解析】考察不定冠词。“n”是元音音素发音，所以用“an”,“u”发/ju:/是辅音因素开头，所以用不定冠词“a”。【例5】—What do you want to be in the future, Nick —I want to be________ pilot.It is ________ exciting job. A. a, a B. a, an C. the, an D. a, the【答案】B【解析】考察不定冠词。“pilo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t”飞行员，/p/辅音音素开头用“a”,”exciting”刺激的，元音音素/i/发音开头,所以要用不定冠词“an”。【知识点二】定冠词的用法1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。例如， The blue shirt is mine.蓝衬衫是我的。 Where are the other students 其他学生在哪儿？2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。例如：Open the window, please.请打开窗户。3、指上文已经提到的人或事物。例如：I have a car. The car is red.我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。 4、指世界上独一无二的事物。 例如：Which is bigger, the sun or the earth 哪一个大，太阳还是地球？5、用在序数词，形容词最 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高级前。例如：The first lesson is the easiest one in this book.第一课是这本书最简单的一课。6、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如，the United States 美国7、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。例如:the poor穷人,the blind盲人8、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。例如：the Greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩9、用在方位词前。例如:on the left在左边，in the middle of在中间10、用在乐器名称前。例如：She plays the piano every day.她每天弹钢琴。11、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。例如：the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River长江12、用在某些固定词组中： ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在户外，在野外【例1】 Chi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nese is one of________ 'most beautiful languages in the world. A. The, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. /, the C. the, / D. /, /【答案】B【解析】考察冠词。“Chinese”中国人，专有名词，不能加冠词，“most”最高级前要用定冠词“the”。【例2】 girl with a toy in her hand is my little sister. A. A B. An C. The D. /【答案】C【解析】考察定冠词。该句中的“girl”是特指，所以要用定冠词“the”。【例3】The old lady tea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ches children to play ______ piano at a weekend school. A. a B. an C. the D. ／ 【答案】C【解析】考察定冠词。西洋乐器前要加定冠词“the”。【例4】More and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )more young people are trying to do something for______ old at weekends. A. a B. an C. the D. /【答案】C【解析】考察定冠词。the＋形容词表示一类人。“The old”老年人。【例5】Some people thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nk that robots will take _______ place of human beings. A. a B. the C. / D. an【答案】B【解析】考察定冠词。“take the place of”替代（固定搭配）。【知识点三】零冠词一、零冠词的用法1、在专有名词和不可数名词前。例如，Tian’an Men Square天安门广场，2、可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词(m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格限制时。例如my book(正)；my the book(误)3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例如：a.They are teachers. 他们是老师。b.Tigers like meat. 老虎喜欢吃肉4、在星期，月份，季节，节日前: 例如：on Sunday在周日，in March在三月，in spring在春天，on Women’s Day在妇女节(特例：如果月份，季节等 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词：He joined the Army in the spring of 1982.他在1982年春季参军。)5、在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如：Tom汤姆，Mum妈妈6、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。例如：I have lunch at school every day.特例：当football，baske ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词：I can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。Where’s the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)7、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。例如：No.25 Middle School8、某些固定词组中不用冠词。(1)与by连用的交通工具名称 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )前：by bus乘公共汽车；by car乘汽车；by bike骑/坐自行车；by train乘火车；by air/plane乘飞机；by sea/ship乘船，但take a bus，in a boat，on the bike前需用冠词(2)名词词组：day and night日 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )日夜夜；brother and sister兄弟姐妹;hour after hour时时刻刻；here and there到处(3)介词词组：at home在家； ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in surprise惊奇地；at noon在中午;on foot步行；at night在晚上；on duty值日；at work在工作；on time准时；for example例如；in class在上课；on show展览；in bed在床上(4)go短语：go home ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )回家；go to bed上床睡觉；go to school去上学；go to work去上班；go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼二、用与不用冠词的差异1. in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里2. in front of在……(外部的)前面/in the front of在……(内部的)前面3. take place发生/take the place(of)代替4. go to school上学/go to the school到学校去5. next year明年/the next year 第二年6.a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一人)/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两人)【例1】I prefer going by _____sea to going in _________train. A. /, / B. /, the C. /, a D. the, a【答案】C【解析】考察冠词的综合使用。“by+交通工具”=“in a +交通工具”。【例2】My friend, Harry, his favorite sport is playing ______golf. A. a B. an C. the D. /【答案】D【解析】考察零冠词。球类、棋牌类前不加冠词。【例3】My grandpa used to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have ______ walk in the garden after ____ supper. A. a, a B. /, a C. a, / D. /, /【答案】C【解析】考察冠词的综合使用。”have a walk” 散步（固定搭配），”supper”一日三餐前零冠词。【例4】—Where is Jack — I think ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he is still in ______ bed, but he might just be in ______bathroom. A. /, / B. the, the C. the, / D. /, the【答案】D【解析】零冠词和定冠词的区别。“in bed”卧床；“in the bathroom”在浴室。【例5】Danny's gran ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dmother is ill in ______ hospital. He'll go there to see her after school. A. an B. the C. a D. /【答案】D【解析】零冠词和定冠词的区别。“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in hospital”住院；“in the hospital”在医院。句中提到“Danny's grandmother is ill”所以推断出“住院”。当堂检测建议15min 一、配对。( ) 1. knife A. a place where you can see trees and flowers( ) 2. giant B. a person whose work is to put out fires( ) 3. garden C. sharp blade with a handle, used for cutting things( ) 4. playground D. two pieces of bread with some other things between them( ) 5. fireman E. a very tall strong man in children' s stories( ) 6. sandwich F. a place for children to play on at school二、用恰当的介词填空。1. My aunt always visits New York ________December.2. There is a boat ________the bridge.3. Autumn comes ________summer.4. They are talking ________the film.5. My home is ________our school. It takes me about five minutes to go to school on foot.三、根据中文完成下列句子。1. Look! There are ________________in the corner. (三只老师)2. We are going to________________. (看一场足球比赛)3. The fisherman caught________________. (许多鱼)4. You'd better________________. (看医生)5. He was____________________. ( 十点一刻在这里)四、选择填空。( ) 1. Don't worry. You still have ________time.A. a little B. any C. a few D. many( ) 2. Is this bookshelf________ No, it's________.A. his...him B. hers... his C. her...him D. his...her ( )3. There is a pair of shoes ______the floor.A. in B. beside C. on D. near( ) 4. Excuse me, ________is that bat A. which B. who C. who's D. whose( ) 5. The boys are playing _________some toys.A. for B. at C. with D. /( ) 6. Look, the children are coming ________ the classroom.A. in B. out of C. on D. off( ) 7. I'm collecting stamps. What ________you A. about B. of C. for D. with( ) 8._________do the stamps cost 20 yuan.A. How many B. How much yuan C. How much D. How many vuan( ) 9. That man is from_________.A. English B. Japan C. American D. Chinese( ) 10. Our school library is_________.A. on the fourth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )floor B. at the fourth floor C. on the four floor D. at four floor( ) 11. A: _________today B: It's May 1st.A. What is the day B. What day is C. What is the date D. What is the month( ) 12. Look! Here________ my friends. A. is B. are C. have D. has 五、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. _________you_________ (watch) TV news every day 2. Please__________ (keep) quiet. The students _________( read ) in the reading-room.3. A: Where _________your father_________ (work) B: He________ (teach) in a school.4. Mary_________ (have) a party next Sunday.5. This is my bike. Where is _______ (you) 6. There are two ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______(policeman) over there. Let's go and give the money to them.六、根据要求改变句子。1. These are nice flowers. (改为单数句)2. Miss Li likes the yellow one. (对划线部分提问)3. Show Mary the Christmas card. (保持原句的意思)4. The students often listen to the tapes. (对划线部分提问)5. Our shoes are behind the door. (对划线部分提问)6. I watch TV every day. (改为一般疑问句)7. Li Fang's father goes to work by bike. (对划线部分提问)七、完成对话，每格一词。Wang Lin: ________is the weather ________in Nanjing Song Hai: It's warm in ________and cool in autumn.Wang Lin: It's hot in summer, ________it Song Hai; Yes, ________it's cold in________.Wang Lin: It often________, doesn't________ Song Hai: Not________. I like the ________there.【keys】一、1. C 2. E 3. A 4. F 5. B 6. D二、1. in 2. under 3. after 4. about 5. near三、1. three mice ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 2. watch a football match 3. a lot of fish 4. see a doctor 5. here at a quarter past ten四、1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. B五、1. Do, watch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 2. keep, are reading 3. does, work, teaches 4. is going to have 5. yours 6. policemen六、1. This is a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nice flower. 2. Which one does Miss Li like 3. Show the Christmas card to Mary. 4. What do the students often do 5. Where are your shoes 6. Do you watch TV every day 7. Whose father goes to work by bike 七、 What, like, sp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ring, isn't, but, winter, snows, it, often, weather课后巩固
Reading and WritingI. 阅读理解。APigeonsA pigeon is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a big bird. It likes to live in a bird-house. Many people keep pigeons. They make a home for them near a window. During the day the pigeons fly away. But every night they come back home. Sometimes people take pigeons far away. Then they tie (系) a letter to the pigeon's leg. Then pigeon can take the letter home. 选择正确答案。( ) 1. What's the Chinese meaning for "pigeon" ________.A.小鸡 . B.老鹰 C. 鸽子 D. 燕子( ) 2. People often make pigeons a home________.A. near the doo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r B. close to the window C. in the garden D. on the wall ( ) 3. If people take pigeons far away, ________.A. they can also come home B. they often lose their wayC. they will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) fly to another country D. they will never come back ( ) 4. Which of the following is not true A. A pigeon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is a kind of big bird. B. A pigeon can sing very well.C. Pigeons c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an send letters. D. Pigeons often fly away in the day and come back at night. ( ) 5. When do pigeons come back home A. Every morning. B. Every afternoon.C. Every evening. D. Never.BJane often goes t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o school early. She likes to talk to her friends before class. After school she does not go home early. She often goes to all kinds of pet shops. She likes to see the dogs. One little yellow dog plays in the window of a pet shop. Jane likes it. She stands there for about an hour every day.One day her fathe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r and her mother ask why she is late. She tells them about the yellow dog in the pet shop.Today is Jane ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )' s birthday. After school she goes to the shop to see that lovely dog. But it is not there. So she doesn' t feel happy.She runs home. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Her mother gives her a big birthday cake and tells her father is going to give her a birthday surprise. Her father takes her to the garden. The yellow dog is sitting there. It is really a happy surprise.选择正确答案。( ) 1. Jane goes to school early_________.A. to see the dog B. to say something to her friendsC. to visit her frien ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ds D. to play games with her friends( ) 2. Jane ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )does not go back home early, because she often_________.A. plays with the yellow dog B. does not like her familyC. goes to the pet sho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p D. does her homework in the school( ) 3. The little yellow dog is lovely. Jane often_________.A. plays with it in th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e street B. plays with it in the shop windowC. stands beside it i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n the shop D. goes to see it after school( ) 4. Jane tells her parents_________.A. she is going to bu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y the dog B. she loves the little yellow dogC. she is going to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ake the dog home D. she wants the dog for a birthday present( ) 5. Jane is very happy, because_________.A. she has the yellow dog at home now B. she comes home earlyC. she doesn' t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )see the yellow dog in the shop D. she and her parents can sit in the gardenII、以“My mother”为题，至少写5句话，要求使用三种以上句型，意思明确，内容连贯。【keys】八、(A). 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C(B). 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A预习思考
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2021-2022学年牛津上海版英语六年级上学期拓展第7讲 冠词
教学内容
进门测试根据下列首字母提示，完成下文Late in the afternoon, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal 1.o an open fire. They were all hungry and the food smelt good. After a 2.w meal, they told stories and sang songs by the camp fire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and crept into their tent. Their sleeping-bags were warm and 3.c , so they all slept soundly. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began4. s . The tent was full of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping-bags and 5.h outside. It was raining 6.h and they found that a stream had 7.f in the field. The stream wound its way8. a the field and then flowed right under their tent!1.o___________ 2.w___________ 3.c___________ 4.s___________ 5.h___________ 6.h___________ 7.f___________ 8.a___________
课堂导入Lesson 7 Too late 为时太晚 The plane was l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ate and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. They were expecting a valuable parcel of diamond from South Africa. A few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House. While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, the precious parcel was full of stones and sand! 飞机误点了，侦探们在机场 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )等了整整一上午。他们正期待从南非来的一个装着钻石的贵重包裹。数小时以前，有人向警方报告，说有人企图偷走这些钻石。当飞机到达时，一些侦探等候在主楼内，另一些侦探则守候在停机坪上。有两个人把包裹拿下飞机，进了海关。这时两个侦探把住门口，另外两个侦探打开了包裹。令他们吃惊的是，那珍贵的包裹里面装的全是石头和沙子！ 精讲精练【知识梳理】冠词 【知识点一】冠词概述及不定冠词的用法（一）冠词概述1．冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。2．冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )：不定冠词用于单数可数名词之前，通常带有“一”、“某一”、“一种”的含义；定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”、“那”、“这些”、“那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。（二）a和an的区别1．不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的词前。例如：a boy, a university, a European（欧洲的）country;an hour, an island, an elephant, an umbrella（三）不定冠词的用法1、不定冠词用来表示“一”这个数 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )量，意思和one差不多：
例如，a. Rome was not built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的。
b. He will be back in a day or two.他将在一至两天内返回。
说明：这种用法在表示重量、长度、时间等的词组中特别普遍。例如：a pair of socks, a hundred, two yuan a metre, eight hours a day, twice a week, a cup of tea.2、泛指某一类人、事或物，这是不定冠词的基本用法。例：A grammar book ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is necessary to a language learner. 对语言学习者来说，语法书是很必要的。 A house is a useful animal.3、泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如，A man is looking for you.4、表示“每一”，相当于every 例如，I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。5、用在序数词前，表示“又一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”，“再一”。例如，I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.我已经有三本书，我想买第四本。6、用在某些固定词组中：a lot(of)许多，大 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )量； after a while过一会儿； have a rest（休息）； have a look（瞧瞧）；have a good time（过得开心）； take a shower（淋浴）； take a break（休息）； take a bath（洗澡）； get a cold（患感冒）； get a fever（发烧）； make a living（谋生）；in a moment（过一会儿）；【例1】There will be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) _____ interview between the manager and his assistants this afternoon. A. an B. a C. the D. /【例2】Can you see _____ one-eyed cow in _____field A. an, the B. a, the C. /, the D. a, a【例3】Can I have ______look at the photo of your pen friend. A. a B. an C. / D. the【例4】There is _____“n” and _____“u” in the word number. A. a, a B. an, a C. a, an D. an, an【例5】—What do you want to be in the future, Nick —I want to be________ pilot.It is ________ exciting job. A. a, a B. a, an C. the, an D. a, the【知识点二】定冠词的用法1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。例如， The blue shirt is mine.蓝衬衫是我的。 Where are the other students 其他学生在哪儿？2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。例如：Open the window, please.请打开窗户。3、指上文已经提到的人或事物。例如：I have a car. The car is red.我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。 4、指世界上独一无二的事物。 例如：Which is bigger, the sun or the earth 哪一个大，太阳还是地球？5、用在序数词，形容词最高级前。例 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )如：The first lesson is the easiest one in this book.第一课是这本书最简单的一课。6、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如，the United States 美国7、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。例如:the poor穷人,the blind盲人8、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。例如：the Greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩9、用在方位词前。例如:on the left在左边，in the middle of在中间10、用在乐器名称前。例如：She plays the piano every day.她每天弹钢琴。11、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。例如：the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River长江12、用在某些固定词组中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )：all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在户外，在野外【例1】 Chinese ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is one of________ 'most beautiful languages in the world. A. The, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the B. /, the C. the, / D. /, /【例2】 girl with a toy in her hand is my little sister. A. A B. An C. The D. /【例3】The old lad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y teaches children to play ______ piano at a weekend school. A. a B. an C. the D. ／ 【例4】More and more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )young people are trying to do something for______ old at weekends. A. a B. an C. the D. /【例5】Some people t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hink that robots will take _______ place of human beings. A. a B. the C. / D. an【知识点三】零冠词一、零冠词的用法1、在专有名词和不可数名词前。例如，Tian’an Men Square天安门广场，2、可数名词前已有作定语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格限制时。例如my book(正)；my the book(误)3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例如：a.They are teachers. 他们是老师。b.Tigers like meat. 老虎喜欢吃肉4、在星期，月份，季节，节日前: 例如：on Sunday在周日，in March在三月，in spring在春天，on Women’s Day在妇女节(特例：如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语修饰时，则要加定冠词：He joined the Army in the spring of 1982.他在1982年春季参军。)5、在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如：Tom汤姆，Mum妈妈6、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。例如：I have lunch at school every day.特例：当football， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )basketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词：I can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。Where’s the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)7、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。例如：No.25 Middle School8、某些固定词组中不用冠词。(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前：by b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us乘公共汽车；by car乘汽车；by bike骑/坐自行车；by train乘火车；by air/plane乘飞机；by sea/ship乘船，但take a bus，in a boat，on the bike前需用冠词(2)名词词组：day ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and night日日夜夜；brother and sister兄弟姐妹;hour after hour时时刻刻；here and there到处(3)介词词组：at home在家；i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n surprise惊奇地；at noon在中午;on foot步行；at night在晚上；on duty值日；at work在工作；on time准时；for example例如；in class在上课；on show展览；in bed在床上(4)go短语：go home回家；go t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o bed上床睡觉；go to school去上学；go to work去上班；go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼二、用与不用冠词的差异1. in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里2. in front of在……(外部的)前面/in the front of在……(内部的)前面3. take place发生/take the place(of)代替4. go to school上学/go to the school到学校去5. next year明年/the next year 第二年6.a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一人)/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两人)【例1】I prefer going by _____sea to going in _________train. A. /, / B. /, the C. /, a D. the, a【例2】My friend, Harry, his favorite sport is playing ______golf. A. a B. an C. the D. /【例3】My grandpa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) used to have ______ walk in the garden after ____ supper. A. a, a B. /, a C. a, / D. /, /【例4】—Where is Jack — I thin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k he is still in ______ bed, but he might just be in ______bathroom. A. /, / B. the, the C. the, / D. /, the【例5】Danny's gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )andmother is ill in ______ hospital. He'll go there to see her after school. A. an B. the C. a D. /当堂检测 一、配对。( ) 1. knife A. a place where you can see trees and flowers( ) 2. giant B. a person whose work is to put out fires( ) 3. garden C. sharp blade with a handle, used for cutting things( ) 4. playground D. two pieces of bread with some other things between them( ) 5. fireman E. a very tall strong man in children' s stories( ) 6. sandwich F. a place for children to play on at school二、用恰当的介词填空。1. My aunt always visits New York ________December.2. There is a boat ________the bridge.3. Autumn comes ________summer.4. They are talking ________the film.5. My home i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s ________our school. It takes me about five minutes to go to school on foot.三、根据中文完成下列句子。1. Look! There are ________________in the corner. (三只老师)2. We are going to________________. (看一场足球比赛)3. The fisherman caught________________. (许多鱼)4. You'd better________________. (看医生)5. He was____________________. ( 十点一刻在这里)四、选择填空。( ) 1. Don't worry. You still have ________time.A. a little B. any C. a few D. many( ) 2. Is this bookshelf________ No, it's________.A. his...him B. hers... his C. her...him D. his...her ( )3. There is a pair of shoes ______the floor.A. in B. beside C. on D. near( ) 4. Excuse me, ________is that bat A. which B. who C. who's D. whose( ) 5. The boys are playing _________some toys.A. for B. at C. with D. /( ) 6. Look, the children are coming ________ the classroom.A. in B. out of C. on D. off( ) 7. I'm collecting stamps. What ________you A. about B. of C. for D. with( ) 8._________do the stamps cost 20 yuan.A. How many B. How much yuan C. How much D. How many vuan( ) 9. That man is from_________.A. English B. Japan C. American D. Chinese( ) 10. Our school library is_________.A. on the four ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th floor B. at the fourth floor C. on the four floor D. at four floor( ) 11. A: _________today B: It's May 1st.A. What is the day ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. What day is C. What is the date D. What is the month( ) 12. Look! Here________ my friends. A. is B. are C. have D. has 五、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. _________you_________ (watch) TV news every day 2. Please__________ (keep) quiet. The students _________( read ) in the reading-room.3. A: Where _________your father_________ (work) B: He________ (teach) in a school.4. Mary_________ (have) a party next Sunday.5. This is my bike. Where is _______ (you) 6. There are two______(policeman) over there. Let's go and give the money to them.六、根据要求改变句子。1. These are nice flowers. (改为单数句)2. Miss Li likes the yellow one. (对划线部分提问)3. Show Mary the Christmas card. (保持原句的意思)4. The students often listen to the tapes. (对划线部分提问)5. Our shoes are behind the door. (对划线部分提问)6. I watch TV every day. (改为一般疑问句)7. Li Fang's father goes to work by bike. (对划线部分提问)七、完成对话，每格一词。Wang Lin: ________is the weather ________in Nanjing Song Hai: It's warm in ________and cool in autumn.Wang Lin: It's hot in summer, ________it Song Hai; Yes, ________it's cold in________.Wang Lin: It often________, doesn't________ Song Hai: Not________. I like the ________there.课后巩固
Reading and WritingI. 阅读理解。APigeonsA pigeon is a big ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bird. It likes to live in a bird-house. Many people keep pigeons. They make a home for them near a window. During the day the pigeons fly away. But every night they come back home. Sometimes people take pigeons far away. Then they tie (系) a letter to the pigeon's leg. Then pigeon can take the letter home. 选择正确答案。( ) 1. What's the Chinese meaning for "pigeon" ________.A.小鸡 . B.老鹰 C. 鸽子 D. 燕子( ) 2. People often make pigeons a home________.A. near the door ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. close to the window C. in the garden D. on the wall ( ) 3. If people take pigeons far away, ________.A. they can also come home B. they often lose their wayC. they will fl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y to another country D. they will never come back ( ) 4. Which of the following is not true A. A pigeon i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s a kind of big bird. B. A pigeon can sing very well.C. Pigeons can se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd letters. D. Pigeons often fly away in the day and come back at night. ( ) 5. When do pigeons come back home A. Every morning. B. Every afternoon.C. Every evening. D. Never.BJane often goes to sc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hool early. She likes to talk to her friends before class. After school she does not go home early. She often goes to all kinds of pet shops. She likes to see the dogs. One little yellow dog plays in the window of a pet shop. Jane likes it. She stands there for about an hour every day.One day her f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ather and her mother ask why she is late. She tells them about the yellow dog in the pet shop.Today is Jane' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s birthday. After school she goes to the shop to see that lovely dog. But it is not there. So she doesn' t feel happy.She runs home. H ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er mother gives her a big birthday cake and tells her father is going to give her a birthday surprise. Her father takes her to the garden. The yellow dog is sitting there. It is really a happy surprise.选择正确答案。( ) 1. Jane goes to school early_________.A. to see the dog B. to say something to her friendsC. to visit her ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) friends D. to play games with her friends( ) 2. Jane does not go back home early, because she often_________.A. plays with the yellow dog B. does not like her familyC. goes to the pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t shop D. does her homework in the school( ) 3. The little yellow dog is lovely. Jane often_________.A. plays wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h it in the street B. plays with it in the shop windowC. stands be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )side it in the shop D. goes to see it after school( ) 4. Jane tells her parents_________.A. she is goi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng to buy the dog B. she loves the little yellow dogC. she is going ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to take the dog home D. she wants the dog for a birthday present( ) 5. Jane is very happy, because_________.A. she has the yellow dog at home now B. she comes home earlyC. she doesn' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t see the yellow dog in the shop D. she and her parents can sit in the gardenII、以“My mother”为题，至少写5句话，要求使用三种以上句型，意思明确，内容连贯。预习思考
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