金榜夺冠人教版必修1 课时作业Unit 4 Earthquakes

一、语法填空　专题训练(一)
巧用派生词，做好语法填空(4)
◆ 技巧点拨
英语中有许多单词可带否定前缀或否定后缀，将该词变成一个与原来单词意义完全相反的词。在做语法填空时，要仔细领会短文的意思，理清文章脉络，注意行文逻辑，特别注意上下文之间有无转折、对比、相反关系，如果有此种关系，文中又没有相应过渡词语，就要考虑利用构词法知识，即利用单词的否定前缀或否定后缀来解题。
常用的否定前缀有：
in～＋adj.→adj. correct→incorrect(不正确的)active→inactive(不积极的)
im～＋adj.→adj. polite→impolite(不礼貌的)patient→impatient(不耐烦的)
un～＋adj.→adj. lucky→unlucky(不幸运的)happy→unhappy(不高兴的)
il～＋adj.→adj. logical→illogical(不合逻辑的)legal→illegal(非法的)
ir～＋adj.→adj. regular→irregular(不规则的)responsible→irresponsible(不负责任的)
dis～＋adj.→adj. honest→dishonest(不诚实的)satisfied→dissatisfied(不满意的)
un～＋v.→v. dress→undress(脱衣服)load→unload(卸货)
dis～＋v.→v. like→dislike(不喜欢)cover→discover(发现)
non～＋n.→adj. profit→nonprofit(非盈利的)stop→nonstop(不间断的)
ill～ treat→ill treat(虐待)manner→ill mannered(没礼貌的)
　常用的否定后缀有：
n.＋less→adj. care→careless(粗心的)home→homeless(无家可归的)
n.＋free→adj. care→carefree(无忧无虑的)paper→paper free(无纸张的)
◆ 活学活用
(一)用所给单词的适当形式填空
Ann walked out of the chemical factory，annoyed at her __1__(pleasant) interview with Jack，the vice general manager of the factory.Ann was told the factory had been pouring waste water directly into the river，making the water __2__(suit) to drink.Ann thought it was her duty to __3__(close) the matter and had it reported in the newspaper.She also thought it was __4__(responsible) for the factory to do so.Jack thought it was __5__(proper) and __6__(legal) for Ann to report the whole thing in public without telling them in advance.
However，Ann regarded it most important to ensure the residents near the factory to drink __7__(pollution) water.She told Jack if his factory kept on polluting the river，he was sure to answer for what he had done one day.
(二)语法填空
(2011年梅州、揭阳第一次联考)Snake dishes have become popular __1__ recent years.Snake meat in various flavors (风味) is often seen in restaurant ads.Eating snake seems to be now in vogue(盛行)，and if you haven't eaten snake yet，you __2__ (consider) “out of date”．But I wonder __3__ all the trends are worth following.Some people may defend themselves __4__ saying that snake meat is nutritious.But these people don't realize that many parasites(寄生虫)，__5__ do harm to our health，are found inside snakes.
According __6__ a survey，about 1,000 tons of snakes are eaten every year in China and sometimes as __7__ as 10 tons of snakes are served on dinner tables in Shenzhen in a single day!
These figures warn us that if no action is taken，__8__ number of snakes will drop and make an increase in mice and worms population，which will __9__ in a decrease(减产) of crop output.Who will see such tragedy happen
So let's start not to eat snakes any more because “to protect the snake is to protect __10__”．
二、完形填空
(2010年全国Ⅰ卷改编)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a busy morning，about 8∶30，when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital.I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for an appointment(约会)at 9∶30.
The nurse had him take a seat in the waiting area，__1__him it would be at least 40 minutes __2__ someone would be able to see him.I saw him__3__his watch and decided，since I was __4__ busy—my patient didn't__5__at the appointed hour，I would examine his wound.While taking care of his wound，I asked him if he had another doctor's appointment.The gentleman said no and told me that he needed to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his__6__.He told me that his wife had been __7__for a while and that she had a special disease.I asked if she would be __8__if he was a bit late.He replied that she __9__ knew who he was，and that she had not been able to__10__him for five years now.I was surprised，and asked him，“And you still go every morning，even though she doesn't know who you are？”
He smiled and said，“She doesn't know me but I know who she is.” I had to hold back __11__ as he left.
Now I __12__ that the happiest people don't __13__have the best of everything；they just__14__the best of everything they have.__15__ isn't about how to live through the storm，but how to dance in the rain.
1．A.persuading　　　　　　　 B．promising
C．understanding D．telling
2．A.if B．before
C．since D．after
3．A.taking off B．fixing
C．looking at D．winding
4．A.very B．also
C．seldom D．not
5．A.turn up B．show off
C．come on D．go away
6．A.daughter B．wife
C．mother D．sister
7．A.late B．well
C．around D．there
8．A.lonely B．worried
C．doubtful D．hungry
9．A.so far B．neither
C．no longer D．already
10．A.recognize B．answer
C．believe D．expect
11．A.curiosity B．tears
C．words D．judgment
12．A.realize B．suggest
C．hope D．prove
13．A.necessarily B．completely
C．naturally D．frequently
14．A.learn B．make
C．favor D．try
15．A.Adventure B．Beauty
C．Trust D．Life
三、阅读理解　专题训练(一)
阅读中的猜词技巧(4)
根据同等关系猜测词义
◆ 方法点拨
　同等关系指一组词在句中作同一成分，且它们的词义属于同一义域，这些词常用and或or来连接。如：
At fifty he is in_his_prime_of_life and always full of energy.
根据full of energy可判断出in his prime of life的意思为“最好的时候、精力旺盛之际”。
◆ 活学活用
(一)利用上述猜词技巧，猜测下列各句划线部分的意思
1．He is a serious person who always does everything conscientiously.
2．If you don't stop doing like this，you'll impair your health.
3．He strayed because of the darkness，and didn't know where he was.
4．In the ancient city of Rome，we visited every mansion，battle site，theatre and other public halls.
(二)阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务
Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and，at its best，it makes little environmental influence.But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness，it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively and leave no mark.
Wild camping is not permitted in many places，particularly in crowded lowland Britain.Wherever you are，find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces，and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building.For example，it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland，but in England you must ask the landowner's permission，except in national parks.
Camping is about having relaxation，sleeping outdoors，experiencing bad weather，and making things without modern conveniences.A busy，fully equipped campsite (野营地) seems to go against this，so seek out smaller，more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches.Better still，find a campsite with no road access：walking in makes a real adventure.
Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guaranteeing a good night's sleep.Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment.Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot.When camping in woodland，avoid standing by a dead tree，which may fall on a windy night.Avoid animal runs and caves，and possible homes of biting insect.Make sure you have most protection on the windward side.If you make a fire，do so downwind of your shelter.Always consider what influence you might have on the natural world.Avoid damaging plants.A good campsite is found，not made——changing it should be unnecessary.
Ⅰ.以约30词概括文章大意
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.根据短文内容选择最佳答案
1．You needn't ask for permission when camping in ________.
A．national parks in England
B．most parts of Scotland
C．crowded lowland Britain
D．most parts of England
2．What does the underlined word “unobtrusively” in Para.1 probably mean
A．unofficially
B．unattractively
C．unnoticeably
D．uncomfortably
3．The author thinks that a good campsite is one ________.
A．with easy access
B．used previously
C．with modern conveniences
D．far away from beaches
4．The last paragraph mainly deals with ________.
A．protecting animals
B．building a campfire
C．camping in woodland
D．finding a campsite with privacy
5．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．the protection of campsites
B．the importance of wild camping
C．the human influence on campsites
D．the dos and don'ts of wild camping
参考答案
(一)
1．Unpleasant 　2.unsuitable　 3.disclose
4．Irresponsible 　5.improper　 6.illegal　
7.pollution free
(二)
1．解析：in recent years：在最近几年。
答案：in
2．解析：你会被认为 “过时了”。这里要用被动语态。
答案：are considered
3．解析：我在想 “是否”所有的时尚都值得我们去追随。
答案：if/whether
4．解析：by在此表示方法或手段。
答案：by
5．解析：关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。
答案：which
6．解析：according to是固定词组，意思是“根据”。
答案：to
7．解析：as many as：多达。
答案：many
8．解析：the number of snakes 蛇的总数。
答案：the
9．解析：result in 是固定词组，意思是“导致”，在此表示导致庄家减产。
答案：result
10．解析：保护蛇类就是保护我们自己。
答案：ourselves
二、
1．解析：现在分词作伴随状语。
答案：D
2．解析：It be time before...是固定句型，表示 “要过多长时间才……”。
答案：B
3．解析：我见他在“看表”，从上下文可知老人赶时间。
答案：C
4．解析：由于我预约的病人没有按时来，我 “不”忙。
答案：D
5．解析：解释同上。
答案：A
6．解析：从下文可知老人要赶去和“妻子”吃早餐。
答案：B
7．解析：there指吃早点的地方。
答案：D
8．解析：我问他如果他迟到一会儿，他的妻子会不会“着急”。
答案：B
9．解析：从下文可知，老人的妻子“再也不”认识他。
答案：C
10．解析：妻子不认识他已有五年之久。
答案：A
11．解析：hold back tears：忍住眼泪。
答案：B
12．解析：我 “认识到”最幸福的人不一定拥有最好的东西，他们只是充分利用所拥有的。
答案：A
13．解析：参看12题解释。
答案：A
14．解析：参看12题解释。
答案：B
15．解析：“生活”不只是走过暴风雨的问题，而是要知道怎样在雨中跳舞。
答案：D
三、
(一)
1．解析：根据serious可判断出conscientiously为“认真”之意。
答案：认真
2．解析：从if条件句的意思可推断出句中impair的意思为“损害健康”。
答案：损害
3．解析：由句中的because of the darkness可推断出stray的意思为“迷路”。
答案：迷路
4．解析：因为mansion与“战场遗址”、“剧院”、“其它公众厅”并列，所以mansion也应属于建筑物或场所。
答案：大厦
(二)
Ⅰ
The text gives us some advice on camping wild，including choosing a camp site with privacy and easy access to open spaces，protect us from possible dangers and camping unobtrusively.(30 words)
Ⅱ
1．解析：从第二段最后的but in England you must ask the landowner's permission，except in national parks可知答案。
答案：A
2．解析：此题可用同义释义法得出答案，因为后面的leave no mark(不留痕迹)对划线单词做了很好的解释。
答案：C
3．解析：从最后一段的Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot可知答案。
答案：B
4．解析：从最后一段的When camping in woodland.Avoid damaging plants可知答案。
答案：C
5．解析：文章主旨题。阅读全文可知，本文主要给读者解释野外露营时的注意事项，告诉读者该做什么，不该做什么。
答案：D