高中英语语法之17表语
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张道真高中英语语法之·表语
目 录
A 表语的表示法
B 表语从句
学以致用
Unit 17 表 语
表语是说明主语的身份、职业、性质、状态和 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )特征的句子成分，常位于连系动词（be, become, appear, seem等）之后，与之构成系表结构。21·世纪*教育网
A 表语的表示法
(1) 名词作表语：
Africa is a big continent. 非洲是个大洲。
What nationality is this man 这个人是哪个国家的？
Now she looked a grown-up young woman. 现在，她看起来已是一个成熟的女青年了。
(2) 代词作表语：
Seventy-four !You don't look it. 74岁！你看起来可不像。
That is something we have always to keep in mind. 那就是我们常记在心中的事儿。
(3) 形容词作表语：
The children mustn't go hungry. 孩子们不能挨饿。
The AIDS patient feels much better this week. 这个爱滋病人这周感觉好多了。
(4) 分词作表语：
This year's sales figures are quite encouraging. 今年的销售量很鼓舞人心。
Where is George Washington buried 乔治·华盛顿葬在哪里？
Foreign press reports are rather confusing. 外国的新闻报道让人有些费解。
My father has been retired for over ten years. 我父亲已退休10多年了。
注意
除了be外，还有许多其他系动词后可跟现在分词或过去分词作表语。如：
The food smells inviting. 菜香诱人。
The land reform question remained unsolved. 土改改革的问题仍没解决。
The manager appeared taken aback. 经理显得很吃惊。
(5) 动名词作表语：
Her hobby is painting. 她的爱好是画画。
His first job had been selling computers. 他的第一份工作是出售计算机。
(6) 不定式作表语：
My plan was to go from Egypt to England. 我的计划是从埃及到英国。
All you have to do is to listen. 你只需要听。
(7) 副词作表语：
What's on tonight 今晚上演什么？
He's down with bronchitis. 他患了气管炎。
(8) 介词短语作表语：
The proof of the pudding is in the eating.
要知布丁味，就得亲口尝；事物的好坏须经实际检验。
The patient is out of danger. 病人脱险了。
(9) 词组作表语：
They are twice the size of chickens. 它们比鸡大一倍。
That would be a great weight off my mind. 这将了却我的一件心事。
(10) 从句作表语：
This is where our basic interest lies. 这是我们的根本利益所在。21世纪教育网版权所有
Sophia's idea was that they should lock up the house. www.21-cn-jy.com
索菲娅的想法是他们应该把房子锁起来。
B 表语从句
在句中作表语的句子称为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表语从句，一般放在主句的谓语动词（即系动词）之后。引导表语从句的关联词有：连词that，whether，as if，as though；连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which；连接副词when，where，why，how等。www-2-1-cnjy-com
(1) 主语+be+that / wh-从句。如：
This is why today ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )over 40% of Californian speak Spanish as a first or second language.
这就是今天超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。
His first problem is whether Bill can turn up. 他的第一个问题就是比尔能否露面。
The most important thing is who can complete such difficult work. 2-1-c-n-j-y
最重要的是谁能完成这么困难的工作。
The key is whose parents will allow such a thing to happen. 21*cnjy*com
关键是谁的父母会允许这样的事情发生。
(2) 主语+look / seem / appear...+that / as if从句。如：
It seems that there are people from all over the world living here. 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
似乎来自世界各地的人都生活在这里。
It appears to me that all pupils knew the results except me. 【出处：21教育名师】
在我看来，似乎除了我，所有的学生都知道成绩。
注意
as if，as though引导的表语从句中，动词一般用虚拟语气。如：
It looks as if / as though she were my sister. 她就好像是我的姐姐。
但是，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的情况也不少，尤其是当句子谓语为look，seem，taste，smell等，而且陈述与事实相符时，不用虚拟语气。如：【版权所有：21教育】
It looks as though ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we shall have to do the work ourselves. 似乎我们不得不自己干活了。
It seems as if we shall have to walk there. 似乎我们得走到那儿。2·1·c·n·j·y
The milk smells as if it is sour. 牛奶闻起来有点酸了。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
张道真高中英语语法之·表语
目 录
A 表语的表示法
B 表语从句
学以致用
Unit 17 表 语
表语是说明主语的身份、职业、性质、状态和 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )特征的句子成分，常位于连系动词（be, become, appear, seem等）之后，与之构成系表结构。21·世纪*教育网
A 表语的表示法
(1) 名词作表语：
Africa is a big continent. 非洲是个大洲。
What nationality is this man 这个人是哪个国家的？
Now she looked a grown-up young woman. 现在，她看起来已是一个成熟的女青年了。
(2) 代词作表语：
Seventy-four !You don't look it. 74岁！你看起来可不像。
That is something we have always to keep in mind. 那就是我们常记在心中的事儿。
(3) 形容词作表语：
The children mustn't go hungry. 孩子们不能挨饿。
The AIDS patient feels much better this week. 这个爱滋病人这周感觉好多了。
(4) 分词作表语：
This year's sales figures are quite encouraging. 今年的销售量很鼓舞人心。
Where is George Washington buried 乔治·华盛顿葬在哪里？
Foreign press reports are rather confusing. 外国的新闻报道让人有些费解。
My father has been retired for over ten years. 我父亲已退休10多年了。
注意
除了be外，还有许多其他系动词后可跟现在分词或过去分词作表语。如：
The food smells inviting. 菜香诱人。
The land reform question remained unsolved. 土改改革的问题仍没解决。
The manager appeared taken aback. 经理显得很吃惊。
(5) 动名词作表语：
Her hobby is painting. 她的爱好是画画。
His first job had been selling computers. 他的第一份工作是出售计算机。
(6) 不定式作表语：
My plan was to go from Egypt to England. 我的计划是从埃及到英国。
All you have to do is to listen. 你只需要听。
(7) 副词作表语：
What's on tonight 今晚上演什么？
He's down with bronchitis. 他患了气管炎。
(8) 介词短语作表语：
The proof of the pudding is in the eating.
要知布丁味，就得亲口尝；事物的好坏须经实际检验。
The patient is out of danger. 病人脱险了。
(9) 词组作表语：
They are twice the size of chickens. 它们比鸡大一倍。
That would be a great weight off my mind. 这将了却我的一件心事。
(10) 从句作表语：
This is where our basic interest lies. 这是我们的根本利益所在。21世纪教育网版权所有
Sophia's idea was that they should lock up the house. www.21-cn-jy.com
索菲娅的想法是他们应该把房子锁起来。
B 表语从句
在句中作表语的句子称为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表语从句，一般放在主句的谓语动词（即系动词）之后。引导表语从句的关联词有：连词that，whether，as if，as though；连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which；连接副词when，where，why，how等。www-2-1-cnjy-com
(1) 主语+be+that / wh-从句。如：
This is why today ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )over 40% of Californian speak Spanish as a first or second language.
这就是今天超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。
His first problem is whether Bill can turn up. 他的第一个问题就是比尔能否露面。
The most important thing is who can complete such difficult work. 2-1-c-n-j-y
最重要的是谁能完成这么困难的工作。
The key is whose parents will allow such a thing to happen. 21*cnjy*com
关键是谁的父母会允许这样的事情发生。
(2) 主语+look / seem / appear...+that / as if从句。如：
It seems that there are people from all over the world living here. 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
似乎来自世界各地的人都生活在这里。
It appears to me that all pupils knew the results except me. 【出处：21教育名师】
在我看来，似乎除了我，所有的学生都知道成绩。
注意
as if，as though引导的表语从句中，动词一般用虚拟语气。如：
It looks as if / as though she were my sister. 她就好像是我的姐姐。
但是，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的情况也不少，尤其是当句子谓语为look，seem，taste，smell等，而且陈述与事实相符时，不用虚拟语气。如：【版权所有：21教育】
It looks as though ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we shall have to do the work ourselves. 似乎我们不得不自己干活了。
It seems as if we shall have to walk there. 似乎我们得走到那儿。2·1·c·n·j·y
The milk smells as if it is sour. 牛奶闻起来有点酸了。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)