人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 1 Teenage Life 重难点综合复习课件（65张ppt）
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| 更新时间 | 2021-11-16 20:56:54 | ||
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(共65张PPT)
新人教版 高中英语 必修一
Unit1 Teenage Life
综合复习课件
Ⅰ.核心单词
(A)写作词汇—写词形
1. n.志愿者
2. n.辩论;争论 vt.& vi.辩论;争论
3. n.内容;[pl.]目录;(书、讲话、节目等的)主题
4. n.(书、诗歌等的)名称;标题;职称;头衔
5. n.话题;标题
6. adj.额外的;附加的
7. vi.& vt.(quit, quit)停止;戒掉;离开(工作职位、学校等)
8. n.工作计划;日程安排vt.安排;预定
9. n.盘子;碟子
10. n.专家;行家 adj.熟练的;内行的;专家的
volunteer
debate
content
title
topic
extra
quit
schedule
plate
expert
11. n.一代(人)
12. vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等);(使)调节焦距 n.中心;重点;焦点
13. n.成年人 adj.成年的;成熟的
(B)阅读词汇—明词义
1.ballet n.
2.greenhouse n.
3.freshman n.
4.literature n.
5.extra-curricular adj.
(C)拓展词汇—灵活用
1. n.(13至19岁之间的)青少年→ adj.十几岁的(指13至19
岁);青少年的
generation
focus
adult
芭蕾舞
温室；暖房
(中学)九年级学生；(大学)一年级新生
文学；文学作品
课外的；课程以外的
teenager
teenage
2. vt.较喜欢→ n.偏爱;喜爱
3. n.动作;运动;活动→ v.移动;(使)改变位置;搬家
4. adj.合适的;适用的→ n.套装 v.适合;适宜;满足;匹配
5. adv.事实上;的确→ adj.真实的;实际的
6. n.挑战;艰巨任务 vt.怀疑;向……挑战→ adj.具有挑战性
的
7. adj.糊涂的;迷惑的→ adj.难以理解的;不清楚的→
vt.使糊涂;使迷惑
8. adj.(尤指外语)流利的;熟练的→ adv.流利地,流畅地→
n.(尤指外语)流利,流畅
9. vi.& vt.毕业;获得学位 n.毕业生→ n.(大学或美国高中
的)毕业;毕业典礼
prefer
preference
movement
move
suitable
suit
actually
actual
challenge
challenging
confused
confusing
confuse
fluent
fluently
fluency
graduate
graduation
10. vt.建议;推荐;介绍→ n.提议;推荐;介绍;推荐信
11. n.前进;发展 vi.前进;发展vt.发展;促进→ adj.高级的;高
等的;先进的
12. adv.显然;明显地→ adj.明显的;显然的
13. adj.负责的;有责任的→ adv.明事理地;认真负责地;可
信赖地→ n.责任;义务
14. n.解决办法;答案→ v.解决
15. n.主编;编辑;编者→ v.编辑,校订(文章、书籍等)→
n.版本(出版形式);(报纸、杂志的)一份
16. n.冒险;奇遇→ n.冒险者;冒险家
17. n.青年时期;青春→ adj.年轻人的;显得年轻的→
adj.年轻的;幼小的
recommend
recommendation
advance
advanced
obviously
obvious
responsible
responsibly
responsibility
solution
solve
editor
edit
edition
adventure
adventurer
youth
youthful
young
18. n.生存;幸存;幸存事物→ v.生存,存活;幸存,幸免于难
→ n.幸存者
19. n.行为;举止→ v.表现;表现得体
20. vt.吸引;引起……的注意(或兴趣)→ adj.有吸引力的→
n.吸引力;有吸引力的事
21. adj.有瘾的;上瘾的;入迷的→ n.对……入迷的人;吸毒
成瘾的人
survival
survive
survivor
behaviour
behave
attract
attractive
attraction
addicted
addict
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. 喜欢……多于……
2. 打扫(或清除)干净
3. 对……适合的
4. 报名(参加课程)
5. 独自,单独;独立地
6. 分发
7. 对……负责
8. 跟上,赶上
9. 喜爱
10. 集中,特别关注
11. 对……很入迷
prefer...to...
clean up
be suitable for
sign up(for sth.)
on one's own
hand out
be responsible for...
keep up with
be attracted to
focus on
addicted to...
12. 鼓励……做某事
13.prefer doing sth.
14.be good at
15.make the team
16.get used to
17.be worried about
18.deal with
19.do well in...
20.try out for...
21.make a fire
22.work out
23.drop out of school
encourage...to do sth.
喜欢做某事
擅长
成为队员；加入队伍
习惯于
担心
处理
在……方面干得好
参加……选拔（或试演）
生火
计算出；解决；理解，弄清
辍学
Ⅲ.经典结构
1.从初中到高中真是一个巨大的挑战。
junior high school senior high school
a really big challenge.
2.因为我喜欢且擅长英语,我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学。
My adviser because I like English and I'm good at it.
3.我会自己找到一个提高的方法,以便我明年可以加入球队。
I'll find a way to improve on my own I can make the team
next year.
Going from
to
is
recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature
so that
4.努力学习并不总是有趣的,但我会为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。
Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well prepared for university or
.
5.对于你们这一代的青少年来说,被电脑游戏和网络世界吸引并不罕见。
for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games
and the online world.
6.但是在网上花太多的时间是不健康的,并且(让人)很难集中精力在生活中的其
他事情上。
But is unhealthy and to focus on other things in life.
7.为什么不一起讨论一下这个问题呢
discuss the problem together
whatever else
comes in the future
It is not unusual
spending too much time online
makes it very difficult
Why not
8.我班上有个我喜欢的女孩,但是我太害羞了,不敢和她说话。
There is a girl I like in my class, but I'm .
9.所以下次你觉得不想做无聊的、困难的家庭作业或者不想去上课的时候,想想
那些没有接受良好教育机会的孩子吧。
So you feel like you do not want to do boring, difficult homework or go
to class, think about the children who don’t have .
too shy to talk to her
the next time
the chance to get a good education
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1.I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, but I hope to be fluent when I
graduate.
分析:本句是由并列连词 连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中
引导宾语从句;第二个分句中 引导时间状语从句。
句意:我知道汉语是一门很难的语言,但我希望我毕业时能达到很流利的程度。
2.I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course,
and it'll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework.
分析:本句是并列复合句。句中并列连词and连接两个并列的分句。第一个分句
中keeping up with...为动名词短语作about的 ;第二个分句中,it作 ,后面的动词不定式短语to get used to...作 。
句意:我有点担心自己在高级课程中能否跟上其他同学,而且适应所有的家庭作业是件很难的事情。
but
that
when
宾语
形式主语
真正的主语
3.If you are one of the lucky ones who can go to a senior high school, you should be
grateful for the opportunity.
分析:该句是一个主从复合句。句中If引导的是 ,在该从句中
又含有一个who引导的 ,修饰先行词 。
句意:如果你是能上高中的幸运儿之一,你应该感谢这个机会。
条件状语从句
定语从句
ones
Ⅴ.必备语法
名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语
请写出下列句子中画线部分属于什么短语及其在句中所作的成分
1.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
(第一、二个短语属于 ,在句中由并列连词and连接作 ;第三个短语属于 ,在句中作 )
2.Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.(画线
短语属于 ,在句中作 )
3.The first week was a little confusing.(第一个短语属于 ,在句
中作 ;第二个短语属于 ,在句中作 )
名词短语
主语
名词短语
宾语补足语
名词短语
表语
名词短语
主语
形容词短语
表语
4.I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn't play well
enough. (第一个短语属于 ,在句中作 ;第二个短语
属于 ,在句中作 )
5.I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel terrible.(属于 ,在句中作 )
名词短语
宾语
副词短语
状语
副词短语
状语
prefer vt.(preferred, preferred)较喜欢
I prefer helping others.(教材P12)我更喜欢帮助别人。
情景导学
(Global Times,2020年10月) Although shared bikes are sweeping the country,
Guangxi people still have a preference for electric bicycles. 尽管共享单车风靡全国,
但广西人仍偏爱电动车。
I prefer you to wait for me at the bus stop.
我宁愿你在那个公共汽车站等我。
Most people prefer buying clothes to sewing by themselves.
大多数人喜欢买衣服而不愿意自己缝制。
I prefer to work at home rather than work in the office.
1 |
我宁愿在家工作也不愿在办公室工作。
I prefer tea to coffee.比起咖啡,我更喜欢茶。
归纳拓展
①prefer to do sth./doing sth.更喜欢做某事(doing表示经常性的动作;to do表示具
体的动作)
②prefer... ...喜欢……多于……
③prefer doing A B喜欢做A而不喜欢做B
④prefer A rather than B宁愿做A也不愿做B
⑤prefer sb. sth.宁愿某人做某事
⑥preference n.喜爱;偏爱
⑦have a preference ...偏爱……
to
to doing
to do
do
to do
for
单句语法填空
1-1 (2020浙江1月,听力, )I prefer smaller companies bigger ones,
because a smaller business has the ability to be more flexible...
解析 考查固定搭配。句意：比起大的公司，我更喜欢小的公司，因为一家更小的公司能更加灵活……。prefer...to...喜欢……多于……。
1-2 (2019课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解C改编, )I prefer (go) out and be
out. Alone, but together, you know
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意：我更喜欢到外边去，待在外边。一个人，而不是一起，你知道吗 prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事。and后的be为省略to的形式。
1-3 (2018江苏,阅读理解B, )Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer
customers (stay) longer and spend.
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意：与快餐店不同的是，好的饭店更愿意顾客能待得久一点并进行消费。prefer sb. to do sth.宁愿某人做某事。
to
to go
to stay
1-4 (2016 课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解D, )They needed to be aroused(激发) one way
or the other, and they (prefer) good news to bad.
解析 考查动词的时态。句意：他们需要以这样或那样的方式被激发，而且比起坏消息，他们更喜欢好消息。and连接两个并列分句，根据前一分句中的谓语动词needed可知，此处也应使用一般过去时。prefer的过去式要特别注意，需要双写字母r，故填preferred。
1-5(2016北京,阅读理解A, )As for the working environment, Tanis prefers
(work) by herself.
解析 考查动名词。句意：至于工作环境，Tanis更喜欢一个人工作。prefer doing/to do sth.更喜欢做某事，doing表示经常性的动作，而to do表示具体的动作。根据语境可知，此处应为经常性的动作，故填working。
preferred
working
1-6 ( )The teenagers think their parents don't understand them so they prefer
(talk) to their friends rather than tell their parents their problems.
解析 考查固定搭配。句意：青少年认为他们的父母不理解他们，所以他们宁愿和他们的朋友聊天，而不愿把他们的问题告诉父母。prefer to do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做……，故填to talk。
to talk
suitable adj.合适的;适用的
Which club do you think is suitable for Adam (教材P12) 你认为哪个俱乐部适合亚
当
情景导学
(Global Times,2020年11月)Anji's air, water and soil are very suitable for growing
tea. 安吉的空气、水和土壤非常适合种茶。
The shoes are suitable to travel. 这双鞋适合旅行。
That color doesn't suit her. 那种颜色不适合她。
The hot weather doesn't suit me. 天这么热,我真受不了。
归纳拓展
①be suitable ...适合……
②be suitable sth.适合做某事
2|
for
to do
③ vt.(衣服、款式、颜色等)适合(某人);适宜,有利于 n.套装;西服
单句语法填空
2-1 (2020江苏,22, )If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably
a solution that (suit) everyone.
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:如果你全面地分析形势,你可能会找到一个适合每一个人的解决方案。设空处表示的行为没有一定的时间性，应该使用一般现在时。that everyone是定语从句,先行词是a solution,是单数，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填suits。
2-2 (2019江苏,书面表达, )Li suggests the traditional Chinese dress while Su
thinks the school uniforms are more (suit).
解析 考查形容词。句意：李推荐中国传统服装，而苏则认为校服更合适。设空处作表语，表示“合适的”，故用形容词形式。
suit
suits
suitable
2-3( )Many of the fish caught for sport are not suitable eating, so
they are thrown away.
解析 考查固定搭配。句意：许多以运动为目的捕的鱼不适合吃，所以它们被扔掉了。be suitable for...适合……。故填for。
for
challenge n.挑战;艰巨任务vt.怀疑;向……挑战
Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.(教材P14)从初中到高中真是一个巨大的挑战。
情景导学
(China Daily,2021年1月)China's food supply will remain stable during the Spring
Festival, despite challenges caused by COVID-19 risks. 尽管新冠肺炎风险带来了
挑战,中国的粮食供应将在春节期间保持稳定。
There will be many difficult and challenging days ahead.
今后将会有很多艰苦和充满挑战的日子。
In public, Michael challenged him to a dance contest.
在公开场合,迈克尔挑战他进行舞蹈比赛。
3|
归纳拓展
①face/meet/accept/take up a challenge面临/接受挑战
② 向某人挑战某事
③challenge sb. to do sth.向某人挑战做某事
④ adj.具有挑战性的
单句语法填空
3-1 (2019北京,语法填空A改编, )Nervously facing many (chal-
lenge),I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.
解析 考查名词单复数。句意：紧张地面对许多挑战时，我知道我将对自己低语这两个简单的词“Be yourself”。设空处意为“挑战”，由设空处前的many可知此处应用名词复数形式。
challenge sb. to sth.
challenging
challenges
3-2 (2018课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解D, )It's more likely that none of us start a con-
versation because it’s awkward(令人尴尬的) and (challenge), or we
think it's annoying and unnecessary.
解析 考查形容词。句意：更可能的是，我们中没有一个人开始交谈，因为那是令人尴尬和具有挑战性的，或者我们认为那是令人讨厌且没有必要的。and连接并列成分，由and前的awkward可知，设空处应用形容词作表语。此处指“具有挑战性的”，故填challenging。
3-3 (2016浙江,七选五改编, )Surround yourself with positive individuals who
challenge you (be) better while loving you for who you are.
解析 考查不定式。句意：让你的周围都是积极向上的人，他们会在爱你本来的样子的同时挑战你（让你）变得更好。challenge sb. to do sth.挑战某人做某事。
challenging
to be
recommend vt.建议;推荐;介绍
My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like
English and I'm good at it.(教材P14)因为我喜欢且擅长英语,我的指导老师建议我
选修高级文学。
情景导学
(China Daily,2021年1月)People are recommended to have several chopping boards
so they can use them for different types of food.人们被建议备几个切菜板,这样就
可以把它们用于(切)不同类型的食物。
Our English teacher strongly recommended China Daily to us.
我们的英语老师向我们强烈推荐《中国日报》。
The judge recommended that he serve 20 years in prison.
法官建议判他入狱服刑20年。
4 |
It's strongly recommended that you should report this to the teacher. 强烈建议你把
此事报告给老师。
归纳拓展
①recommend sth. sb.向某人推荐某物
②recommend doing sth.建议做某事
③recommend sb. sth.建议某人做某事
④recommend sb./sth. as...推荐某人/某物当/作为……
⑤recommend that...建议……(that从句用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“ ”形式,其中should可以省略)
⑥It’s recommended that...建议……(that从句用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“ ”形式,其中should可以省略)
⑦recommendation n.推荐;介绍;推荐信;介绍信
to
to do
（should+）动词
原形
（should+）
动词原形
单句语法填空
4-1 (2019课标全国Ⅲ,语法填空, )Our hosts shared many of their experiences
and (recommend)wonderful places to eat,shop,and visit.
解析 考查动词的时态。句意：我们的东道主分享了许多他们的经历，并推荐了一些可以吃饭、购物和参观的好地方。第一个连词and连接并列成分，由shared可知设空处应该用一般过去时。
4-2(2017北京,阅读理解B, )Take a look online—evidence shows that thou-
sands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend
TOKNOW their friends.
解析 考查介词。句意：上网看看吧——证据表明，成千上万的老师和家长在看到它时就知道它是一种好东西，并向他们的朋友推荐TOKNOW。recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐某物。
recommended
to
4-3 (2016四川,阅读理解D改编, )Nutritionists(营养学家) recommend
skimmed milk(脱脂牛奶) the best choice before bed as it is the least fat-
tening(易使人发胖的).
解析 考查介词。句意：营养学家推荐脱脂牛奶作为睡前最好的选择,因为它是最不容易使人发胖的。recommend sth. as...推荐某物作为……。
句型转换
4-4(2019北京,阅读理解B, )He recommended her to do some research and talk
to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
→He recommended and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.(用虚拟语气)
as
that she do some research
advanced adj.高级的;高等的;先进的;(国家)发达的
My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature...(教材P14)我
的指导老师建议我选修高级文学……
情景导学
(Global Times,2020年11月)In response to climate change, most advanced nations
have been reducing their dependence on fossil fuel-based power production. 作为对
气候变化的回应,大多数发达国家一直在减少对以化石燃料为基础的发电的依
赖。
Only those who had booked the ticket in advance were allowed in. 只有那些预先订
票的人允许进去。
Science has made great advances in the last fifty years.
在过去的五十年里,科学取得了巨大的进步。
5 |
Galileo's ideas were well in advance of the age in which he lived.伽利略的思想远远
超越了他所处的时代。
归纳拓展
①advance n.前进;发展 vi.前进;发展 vt.发展;促进
② (of)(时间上)在……前;预先;事先
③ 取得进步/进展
单句语法填空
5-1 (2020天津, 3, )—Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call
advance.
—Good point. I will.
解析 考查固定搭配。句意:——下次你拜访Bob的时候,记得提前给他打电话。——好主意。我会的。in advance 意为“提前；预先”。
in advance
make an advance/advances
in
5-2 (2020全国新高考Ⅰ,阅读理解B, )She decided to go back to college
(advance) her career and to be able to better support her family while doing
something she loves: nursing.
解析 考查动词不定式。句意：她决定重返大学以发展自己的事业，并能更好地养活她的家庭，同时做着她热爱的事情:护理。根据句意可知，她决心回到大学的目的是发展自己的事业，所以此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。
5-3 (2017北京,阅读理解B, )TOKNOW makes complex(复杂的) ideas attrac-
tive and accessible(浅显易懂的) to children, who can become involved in
(advance) concepts(理念) and even philosophy(哲学).
解析 考查形容词。句意：TOKNOW使复杂的观点变得有吸引力和易于儿童理解,儿童们便能接触高级的理念,甚至是哲学。设空处修饰名词concepts，应使用形容
词，故填advanced，意为“高级的”。
to advance
advanced
responsible adj.负责的;有责任的
I know I'll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being
responsible for a lot more.(教材P14) 我知道作为一名高中生,我得更加努力地学
习,并习惯于承担更多的责任。
情景导学
(Global Times,2020年11月)“Students should not be treated as free labor, and
schools ought to take responsibility for teaching,” one netizen commented on Sina
Weibo. 一位网友在新浪微博上评论道:“学生不应该被视为免费劳动力,学校应
该承担教学的责任。”
She feels a strong sense of responsibility towards her students.
她对学生有很强的责任感。
It's every citizen's responsibility to keep our city clean.
保持城市清洁是每个公民的责任。
6 |
归纳拓展
①be responsible ...对……负责
② n.责任;义务
③have/take responsibility ( ...)对……负责
④It's one's responsibility sth.做某事是某人的责任
⑤a sense of responsibility
单句语法填空
6-1 (2020全国Ⅰ,书面表达, )He is so humorous, (responsibility)
and selfless that I respect and love him very much.
解析 考查形容词。句意：他是如此幽默、负责和无私，以至于我非常尊重和喜欢他。设空处作表语，由前后的humorous和selfless可知，此处应用形容词，故填responsible。
for
responsibility
for
to do
责任感
responsible
6-2 (2018江苏,阅读理解D, )She said social media companies must also “take
more (responsible)”.
解析 考查名词。句意：她说社交媒体公司也必须“负更多的责任”。take responsibility 为固定搭配，意为“负责”。
6-3 (2017天津,阅读理解C, )Who is responsible the operation of
such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers.
解析 考查介词。句意：在汽车制造商、消费者和律师中，谁该为这样的交通工具的运行负责是不清楚的。be responsible for...意为“为……负责”。
完成句子
6-4 ( )We are all deeply moved by the ceremony, from which we realize that
the process of our growth is always accompanied(伴随)by the
(责任感).
responsibility
for
sense of responsibility
schedule n.工作计划;日程安排vt.安排;预定
...I need to make a workable schedule.(教材P15)
……我需要制订一个可行的时间表。
情景导学
(China Daily,2021年1月)China's first solar probe is scheduled to be launched into
space in the first half of 2022.
中国第一个太阳探测器计划在2022年上半年发射到太空。
The new bridge has been finished two years ahead of schedule.
这座新桥提前两年落成。
We expect the work to be completed on schedule.
我们希望这项工作能按照预定时间完成。
The sports meeting is scheduled for Saturday.
运动会安排在周六。
7 |
归纳拓展
① 提前
②behind schedule迟于预定时间
③ 按时;准时
④be scheduled +时间点 预定/安排在……(时间)
⑤ 安排做某事;预计做某事
单句语法填空
7-1 (2020浙江1月,应用文写作, )The contest, which is scheduled
(hold) in our school hall on January 18th, will focus on the traditional Chinese culture.
解析 考查不定式。句意：本次大赛定于1月18日在我校大厅举行，将以中国传统文化为重点。be scheduled to do sth.安排做某事。The contest与hold之间为被动关系，故填to be held。
ahead of schedule
on schedule
for
be scheduled to do sth.
to be held
7-2 (2019江苏,阅读理解D, )The family rented a former church in downtown
Portland and (schedule)a concert.
解析 考查动词的时态。句意：这家人在波特兰市中心租了一座昔日的教堂，并安排了一场音乐会。设空处与并列连词and连接的动词rented为平行结构，均为谓语部分。故用一般过去时。
7-3 (2016课标全国Ⅰ,书面表达, )I know you have very busy
schedule, but I'd be very grateful if you could take some time to go through them and
make necessary changes.
解析 考查冠词。句意：我知道您的日程安排很紧，但如果您能花点时间通读一下它们，并做些必要的修改，我将不胜感激。schedule为可数名词，意为“工作计划；日程安排”。此处表泛指，故填不定冠词a。
scheduled
a
7-4 ( )Having worked for two days, Steve managed to finish his report
schedule.
解析 考查介词。句意：工作了两天，史蒂夫设法如期完成了他的报告。on schedule如期；准时。
7-5 ( )The following events are scheduled the 2019—2020 aca
demic year.
解析 考查介词。句意：以下活动安排在2019—2020学年。“be scheduled for+时间点”表示“预定/安排在……（时间）”。
on
for
attract vt.吸引;引起……的注意(或兴趣)
It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games
and the online world.(教材P18)对于你们这一代青少年来说,被电脑游戏和网络世
界吸引并不罕见。
情景导学
There is a big house with an attractive garden.
有一处带有美丽花园的大宅子。
Her new clothes have attracted our attention.
她的新衣服吸引了我们的注意。
What do you think attracts people to big cities
你认为是什么把人们吸引到了大城市
8 |
归纳拓展
① 吸引某人的注意力
②attract sb. sth.引起某人对某物的兴趣
③be attracted to...喜爱……,为……所吸引
④attraction n.吸引;吸引力;诱惑力n.[C]有吸引力的地方;有吸引力的事物
⑤ adj.有吸引力的
单句语法填空
8-1 (2020 天津,阅读理解C, )This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants
and stores because it offers a new way (attract) customers.
解析 考查动词不定式。句意：这会对像餐馆和商店这样的企业很有用，因为它提供了一种新的吸引顾客的方法。设空处作a new way的后置定语，故填to attract。
attract one's attention
to
attractive
to attract
8-2 (2020全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C改编, )It's this strange form that makes race walking such an (attract) activity.
解析 考查形容词。句意：正是这种奇怪的形式使竞走成为一项如此有吸引力的活
动。设空处修饰名词activity，应使用形容词，故填attractive，意为“有吸引力的”。
8-3 (2020全国新高考Ⅰ,阅读理解C, )A few years later, still attracted
the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappear-
ance of the Aral Sea.
解析 考查固定搭配。句意：几年后，仍然被这个国家吸引，他回到乌兹别克斯坦去写一篇关于咸海的消失的文章。be attracted to...意为“为……所吸引”。此处为过去分词短语作状语。
attractive
to
8-4 (2019浙江,七选五, )The concert was broadcast live and (attract) the
largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time.
解析 考查动词的时态。句意：那场音乐会进行了现场直播，吸引了直到那个时候电视史上最多的一晚观众（的数量）。设空处与并列连词and连接的was broadcast为平行结构，均为谓语部分，所以此处用一般过去时。
attracted
focus vt.& vi.集中(精力、注意力等);(使) 调节焦距 n.中心;
重点;焦点
But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus
on other things in life.(教材P18)但是花太多的时间上网是不健康的,而且(让人)很
难把精力集中在生活中的其他事情上。
情景导学
The accident brought this problem into focus.
这一事故使这个问题成为焦点。
This issue of terrorism has come into focus recently.
这个有关恐怖主义的议题最近成了焦点问题。
归纳拓展
① 把注意力集中于;关注=focus upon
9 |
focus on
②focus...on...把……集中在……上
③come into focus
④bring...into focus
⑤focused adj.注意力集中的;目标明确的
单句语法填空
9-1 (2020全国新高考Ⅰ,七选五, )Too often, when you stand up to give a
speech, you focus the “public” at the expense of(在牺牲……的情况
下) the “speaking”.
解析 考查介词。句意：很多时候，当你站起来演讲时，你关注的是“公众”，而忽略了“演讲”。focus on特别关注。
成为焦点
使……成为焦点
on
9-2 (2018天津,阅读理解C, )There's a new frontier(新领域) in 3D printing that's beginning to come focus: food.
解析 考查固定短语。句意：3D打印有一个新的领域开始成为焦点：食
品。come into focus成为焦点。
9-3(2018课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解C, )Today, many Chinese people are learning
Western styles and theories rather than (focus)on Chinese traditions.
解析 考查动名词。句意：现在，许多中国人正在学习西方的风格和理论，而不是关注中国的传统。rather than后接动名词作宾语。故填focusing。
9-4 (2016课标全国Ⅱ,语法填空, )Most of us are more (focus)on
our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.
解析 考查形容词。句意：我们大多数人在早上比在一天的晚些时候更专注于我们的工作。此处应用形容词作表语，故填focused。
into
focusing
focused
so that...为了,以便
I'll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.(教材P1
4)
我会自己找到一个提高的方法,以便我明年可以加入球队。
情景导学
He works hard so that he can pass the exam.
=He works hard in order that he can pass the exam.
=He works hard in order to/so as to pass the exam.
他努力学习,以便能通过考试。
I took an early bus, so that I got there in time.
我乘了早班公共汽车,及时赶到了那里。
1 |
归纳拓展
①so that引导 ,意为“为了,以便”,从句中常含有can/could/
may/might/will/would/should等情态动词, 可与in order that, ,
so as to等形式进行转换。
②so that 引导 ,意为“以至于;结果”,从句中一般不用情态
动词,常用逗号与主句隔开。
指出下列句中so that 引导的从句类型
1-1 (2020江苏,23, )They decide to have more workers for the project so that it
won't be delayed.
1-2 ( )Stephen was excellent in many ways, so that he got the job.
目的状语从句
in order to
结果状语从句
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
句型转换
1-3 (2019天津,阅读理解B, )I often found myself telling my mom to drive
more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
→I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, I could read
all of the road signs we passed.
→I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly,
read all of the road signs we passed.
in order that
so as to/in order to
动名词(短语)作主语
Studying hard isn't always fun, but I'll be well prepared for university or whatever
else comes in the future.(教材P14)努力学习并不总是有趣的,但我会为大学或未来
的任何其他的事情做好准备。
情景导学
It's no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。
Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火危险。(泛指玩火)
To play with fire is dangerous.玩火危险。(指某一次具体的动作)
归纳拓展
①动名词(短语)作主语多表示一种 或 动作。
②单个动名词(短语)作主语,谓语动词用 。
③常用动名词作主语的句型:
2|
抽象的
泛指的
第三人称单数形式
It is no good doing sth.做某事没有好处
It is no /useless doing sth.
It is a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间的
④不定式(短语)也可作主语,但多表示某一次具体的动作。
单句语法填空
2-1 (2020全国Ⅱ,七选五, ) (send) smiling faces to colleagues(同
事) may seem strange.
解析 考查动名词短语作主语。句意：给同事们发送笑脸可能看起来是奇怪的。设空处在句中作主语，表示泛指的动作，故填Sending。
2-2 (2019天津,4, ) (learn)to think critically(批判地)is an important
skill today's children will need for the future.
解析 考查动名词短语作主语。句意：学会批判性思考是当今的孩子未来需要的一项重要的技能。此处表示抽象的泛指动作，应用动名词短语作主语，故填Learning。
use
做某事没有用处
Sending
Learning
2-3 (2018北京,3, )Traveling along the old Silk Road an interest
ing and rewarding experience.
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣且有益的经历。此处描述事实，应用一般现在时，设空处的主语为动名词短语Traveling along the old Silk Road，所以应用单数形式，故填is。
2-4 ( )Understanding your own needs and styles of communication
as important as learning to convey your affections and emotions.
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：了解自己的需求和沟通方式与学会表达自己的感情和情绪同样重要。此处描述事实，应用一般现在时，设空处的主语为动名词短语Understanding your own needs and styles of communication，所以应用单数形式，故填is。
is
is
名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语
短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。本单元主要介绍的
是名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语。
一、名词短语(noun phrases)
名词短语指以一个名词为中心构成的短语。
1.名词短语的组成及功能
【观察】
The English teacher in red will go abroad next year.
这位穿红色衣服的英语老师明年将出国。
I want to take part in some interesting school clubs.
我想参加一些有趣的学校社团。
He is the most handsome boy in the class.
他是班里最帅的男孩。
【归纳】
(1)组成:名词短语由(限定词+)(形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词+)名词(+介词
短语)组成。
(2)功能:名词短语在句中可作① 、② 、③ 或
宾语补足语。
2.名词的修饰语与名词的位置关系
【观察】
The boy is my brother.
这个男孩是我的弟弟。
The cute boy is my brother.
主语
宾语
表语
这个可爱的男孩是我的弟弟。
The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother.
这个穿蓝色牛仔裤的可爱男孩是我的弟弟。
The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my brother.
这个穿蓝色牛仔裤的可爱男孩是我的弟弟。
The cute boy who is wearing blue jeans is my brother.
这个穿蓝色牛仔裤的可爱男孩是我的弟弟。
【归纳】
(1)名词的修饰语与名词有两种位置关系:一是放在被修饰名词的前面,叫作
④ ;二是放在被修饰名词的后面,叫作⑤ 。
(2)在英语中,修饰名词的定语的位置是有规律的,下面是一个被称为“左二右
六”规律的“黄金公式”:
前置定语
后置定语
限定词(冠词/指示代词/物主代词/不定代词)+形容词/形容词性短语/描述性名词+
中心名词+六类后置定语(介词短语、分词短语、不定式短语、形容词短语、定
语从句、同位语从句)。
二、形容词短语(adjective phrases)
形容词短语指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语。形容词短语的组成及功能
如下:
【观察】
He was a very influential performer of modern jazz.
他是一名非常有影响力的现代爵士乐表演者。
Seeing her win the gold medal at the Olympics, we were all wild with joy.
看到她在奥运会上赢得了金牌,我们真是欣喜若狂。
His hard work made him very successful.
他的勤奋工作使得他非常成功。
After the war, the soldiers returned home, safe and sound.
战争结束后,士兵们安然无恙地回到了家。
Tom is old enough to take care of himself.
汤姆足够大了,可以照顾他自己了。
【归纳】
(1)组成:(副词+)形容词(+介词短语),形容词+enough,形容词+and/but+形容词。
(2)功能:形容词短语在句中可以修饰名词作⑥ ,还可以用作⑦ 、⑧ 或状语。
形容词(短语)作状语时,通常说明⑨ 的情况,即表示其状态、性质、特
征等,可位于句首、句末或句中,通常和句子的其他部分用逗号隔开。
三、副词短语(adverb phrases)
副词短语指以一个副词为中心构成的短语。副词短语的组成及功能如下:
定语
表语
宾语补足语
主语
【观察】
I can't catch up with him. He runs very fast.
我追不上他,他跑得非常快。
The window was far too small for him to get through.
这扇窗户对他来说实在太小,他钻不过去。
I do not know her well enough to ask her for help.
我对她不够熟悉,不好求她帮忙。
He would go over his work again and again.
他会反复检查他的工作。
【归纳】
(1)组成:(副词)+副词;副词+enough;副词+and/but+副词。
(2)功能:副词短语可以修饰⑩ 、 或副词,作状语,也可作
定语、表语、补足语等。
动词
形容词
请写出下列句子中画线部分属于哪类短语,在句中作什么成分
1.(2020全国Ⅰ,阅读理解B, )The language is almost intoxicating(令人陶醉
的), an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.
2.(2019课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解A, )This is an excellent fantasy novel from one
of the best storytellers around.
3.(2019课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解B改编, )The author likes doing volunteer work
because it makes her very happy.
形容词短语；表语
名词短语；表语
形容词短语；宾语补足语
4.(2019课标全国Ⅱ,短文改错, )Then, when I was in the fifth grade, I wanted
to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher so much.
5.(2019课标全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C, )At present, these technologies are still ex-
pensive, though.
6.(2019课标全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C, )Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they
have come up with a low-cost device (装置) that gets around this problem: a smart
keyboard.
7.(2018浙江11月,概要写作, )While visiting an online college fair can't take
the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool.
副词短语；状语
形容词短语;表语
名词短语;宾语
形容词短语；定语
8.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解D, )The good news is that I can help my own
kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.
9.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解D, )It was totally, completely enough for him.
10.(2018 天津,6, )The possibility that there is life on other planets in the uni-
verse has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.
单句语法填空
11.(2020全国Ⅰ,语法填空, )Landing on the moon's far side is
(extreme) challenging.
解析 考查副词。句意：在月球背面着陆极具挑战性。修饰形容词challenging要用副词，故填extremely。extremely challenging为形容词短语。
名词短语；主语
形容词短语;表语
名词短语;主语
extremely
12.(2020 北京,完形填空, )He practised again and again until he could move
quite (quick) across the sand.
解析 考查副词。句意：他一遍一遍地练习，直到他能在沙地上很快地滑动。修饰动词move要用副词，此处quite quickly为副词短语。
13.(2019课标全国Ⅱ,语法填空, )But then we got an (office) letter
and we were blown away.
解析 考查形容词。句意：但后来我们收到了一封官方的信，我们非常高兴。设空处作定语修饰其后的名词letter。故用形容词形式。
14.(2019课标全国Ⅲ,语法填空, )They also shared with us many traditional
stories about Hawaii that were (huge) popular with tourists.
解析 考查副词。句意：他们还和我们分享了许多关于非常受游客欢迎的夏威夷的传统故事。设空处修饰后面的形容词，故用副词hugely。
quickly
official
hugely
15.(2019课标全国Ⅲ,语法填空, )When they were free from work,they invited
us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete)to watch,
together with the story behind it.
解析 考查名词。句意：当他们没有工作的时候，他们邀请我们参加当地的活动，让我们知道一个观看起来很有趣的比赛，并告诉我们它背后的故事。an interesting 为名词短语，形容词后应接名词，故填competition。
16.(2019北京,语法填空C, )Students should have a proper attitude towards col-
lege before thinking about which college to attend, and it's never too early to make
necessary preparations for a healthy and (meaning) college experience.
解析 考查形容词。句意：……为健康且有意义的大学经历做必要的准备，越早越好。college experience 是名词短语，且设空处所填词和healthy并列，故设空处应用meaning的形容词形式 meaningful。
competition
meaningful
17. (2018课标全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C, )The distribution of these languages is
(huge) uneven.
解析 考查副词。句意：这些语言的分布极不平衡。本句中uneven为形容词短语，在句中作表语，故本空应用副词hugely（非常）修饰形容词uneven。
18.(2018课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解D, )The key to (success) small talk
is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.
解析 考查形容词。句意：成功的闲谈的关键是学会如何与他人建立关系，而不只是与他们交流。本句中small talk为名词短语，故应用形容词successful（成功的）修饰
small talk。
19.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解C, )He asked the workers to use
(tradition) techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors.
解析 考查形容词。句意：他要求工人们用传统技术把砖做成墙、屋顶和走廊。
techniques为名词短语，故本空应用形容词traditional（传统的）修饰名词techniques。
hugely
successful
traditional
新人教版 高中英语 必修一
Unit1 Teenage Life
综合复习课件
Ⅰ.核心单词
(A)写作词汇—写词形
1. n.志愿者
2. n.辩论;争论 vt.& vi.辩论;争论
3. n.内容;[pl.]目录;(书、讲话、节目等的)主题
4. n.(书、诗歌等的)名称;标题;职称;头衔
5. n.话题;标题
6. adj.额外的;附加的
7. vi.& vt.(quit, quit)停止;戒掉;离开(工作职位、学校等)
8. n.工作计划;日程安排vt.安排;预定
9. n.盘子;碟子
10. n.专家;行家 adj.熟练的;内行的;专家的
volunteer
debate
content
title
topic
extra
quit
schedule
plate
expert
11. n.一代(人)
12. vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等);(使)调节焦距 n.中心;重点;焦点
13. n.成年人 adj.成年的;成熟的
(B)阅读词汇—明词义
1.ballet n.
2.greenhouse n.
3.freshman n.
4.literature n.
5.extra-curricular adj.
(C)拓展词汇—灵活用
1. n.(13至19岁之间的)青少年→ adj.十几岁的(指13至19
岁);青少年的
generation
focus
adult
芭蕾舞
温室；暖房
(中学)九年级学生；(大学)一年级新生
文学；文学作品
课外的；课程以外的
teenager
teenage
2. vt.较喜欢→ n.偏爱;喜爱
3. n.动作;运动;活动→ v.移动;(使)改变位置;搬家
4. adj.合适的;适用的→ n.套装 v.适合;适宜;满足;匹配
5. adv.事实上;的确→ adj.真实的;实际的
6. n.挑战;艰巨任务 vt.怀疑;向……挑战→ adj.具有挑战性
的
7. adj.糊涂的;迷惑的→ adj.难以理解的;不清楚的→
vt.使糊涂;使迷惑
8. adj.(尤指外语)流利的;熟练的→ adv.流利地,流畅地→
n.(尤指外语)流利,流畅
9. vi.& vt.毕业;获得学位 n.毕业生→ n.(大学或美国高中
的)毕业;毕业典礼
prefer
preference
movement
move
suitable
suit
actually
actual
challenge
challenging
confused
confusing
confuse
fluent
fluently
fluency
graduate
graduation
10. vt.建议;推荐;介绍→ n.提议;推荐;介绍;推荐信
11. n.前进;发展 vi.前进;发展vt.发展;促进→ adj.高级的;高
等的;先进的
12. adv.显然;明显地→ adj.明显的;显然的
13. adj.负责的;有责任的→ adv.明事理地;认真负责地;可
信赖地→ n.责任;义务
14. n.解决办法;答案→ v.解决
15. n.主编;编辑;编者→ v.编辑,校订(文章、书籍等)→
n.版本(出版形式);(报纸、杂志的)一份
16. n.冒险;奇遇→ n.冒险者;冒险家
17. n.青年时期;青春→ adj.年轻人的;显得年轻的→
adj.年轻的;幼小的
recommend
recommendation
advance
advanced
obviously
obvious
responsible
responsibly
responsibility
solution
solve
editor
edit
edition
adventure
adventurer
youth
youthful
young
18. n.生存;幸存;幸存事物→ v.生存,存活;幸存,幸免于难
→ n.幸存者
19. n.行为;举止→ v.表现;表现得体
20. vt.吸引;引起……的注意(或兴趣)→ adj.有吸引力的→
n.吸引力;有吸引力的事
21. adj.有瘾的;上瘾的;入迷的→ n.对……入迷的人;吸毒
成瘾的人
survival
survive
survivor
behaviour
behave
attract
attractive
attraction
addicted
addict
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. 喜欢……多于……
2. 打扫(或清除)干净
3. 对……适合的
4. 报名(参加课程)
5. 独自,单独;独立地
6. 分发
7. 对……负责
8. 跟上,赶上
9. 喜爱
10. 集中,特别关注
11. 对……很入迷
prefer...to...
clean up
be suitable for
sign up(for sth.)
on one's own
hand out
be responsible for...
keep up with
be attracted to
focus on
addicted to...
12. 鼓励……做某事
13.prefer doing sth.
14.be good at
15.make the team
16.get used to
17.be worried about
18.deal with
19.do well in...
20.try out for...
21.make a fire
22.work out
23.drop out of school
encourage...to do sth.
喜欢做某事
擅长
成为队员；加入队伍
习惯于
担心
处理
在……方面干得好
参加……选拔（或试演）
生火
计算出；解决；理解，弄清
辍学
Ⅲ.经典结构
1.从初中到高中真是一个巨大的挑战。
junior high school senior high school
a really big challenge.
2.因为我喜欢且擅长英语,我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学。
My adviser because I like English and I'm good at it.
3.我会自己找到一个提高的方法,以便我明年可以加入球队。
I'll find a way to improve on my own I can make the team
next year.
Going from
to
is
recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature
so that
4.努力学习并不总是有趣的,但我会为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。
Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well prepared for university or
.
5.对于你们这一代的青少年来说,被电脑游戏和网络世界吸引并不罕见。
for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games
and the online world.
6.但是在网上花太多的时间是不健康的,并且(让人)很难集中精力在生活中的其
他事情上。
But is unhealthy and to focus on other things in life.
7.为什么不一起讨论一下这个问题呢
discuss the problem together
whatever else
comes in the future
It is not unusual
spending too much time online
makes it very difficult
Why not
8.我班上有个我喜欢的女孩,但是我太害羞了,不敢和她说话。
There is a girl I like in my class, but I'm .
9.所以下次你觉得不想做无聊的、困难的家庭作业或者不想去上课的时候,想想
那些没有接受良好教育机会的孩子吧。
So you feel like you do not want to do boring, difficult homework or go
to class, think about the children who don’t have .
too shy to talk to her
the next time
the chance to get a good education
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1.I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, but I hope to be fluent when I
graduate.
分析:本句是由并列连词 连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中
引导宾语从句;第二个分句中 引导时间状语从句。
句意:我知道汉语是一门很难的语言,但我希望我毕业时能达到很流利的程度。
2.I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course,
and it'll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework.
分析:本句是并列复合句。句中并列连词and连接两个并列的分句。第一个分句
中keeping up with...为动名词短语作about的 ;第二个分句中,it作 ,后面的动词不定式短语to get used to...作 。
句意:我有点担心自己在高级课程中能否跟上其他同学,而且适应所有的家庭作业是件很难的事情。
but
that
when
宾语
形式主语
真正的主语
3.If you are one of the lucky ones who can go to a senior high school, you should be
grateful for the opportunity.
分析:该句是一个主从复合句。句中If引导的是 ,在该从句中
又含有一个who引导的 ,修饰先行词 。
句意:如果你是能上高中的幸运儿之一,你应该感谢这个机会。
条件状语从句
定语从句
ones
Ⅴ.必备语法
名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语
请写出下列句子中画线部分属于什么短语及其在句中所作的成分
1.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
(第一、二个短语属于 ,在句中由并列连词and连接作 ;第三个短语属于 ,在句中作 )
2.Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.(画线
短语属于 ,在句中作 )
3.The first week was a little confusing.(第一个短语属于 ,在句
中作 ;第二个短语属于 ,在句中作 )
名词短语
主语
名词短语
宾语补足语
名词短语
表语
名词短语
主语
形容词短语
表语
4.I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn't play well
enough. (第一个短语属于 ,在句中作 ;第二个短语
属于 ,在句中作 )
5.I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel terrible.(属于 ,在句中作 )
名词短语
宾语
副词短语
状语
副词短语
状语
prefer vt.(preferred, preferred)较喜欢
I prefer helping others.(教材P12)我更喜欢帮助别人。
情景导学
(Global Times,2020年10月) Although shared bikes are sweeping the country,
Guangxi people still have a preference for electric bicycles. 尽管共享单车风靡全国,
但广西人仍偏爱电动车。
I prefer you to wait for me at the bus stop.
我宁愿你在那个公共汽车站等我。
Most people prefer buying clothes to sewing by themselves.
大多数人喜欢买衣服而不愿意自己缝制。
I prefer to work at home rather than work in the office.
1 |
我宁愿在家工作也不愿在办公室工作。
I prefer tea to coffee.比起咖啡,我更喜欢茶。
归纳拓展
①prefer to do sth./doing sth.更喜欢做某事(doing表示经常性的动作;to do表示具
体的动作)
②prefer... ...喜欢……多于……
③prefer doing A B喜欢做A而不喜欢做B
④prefer A rather than B宁愿做A也不愿做B
⑤prefer sb. sth.宁愿某人做某事
⑥preference n.喜爱;偏爱
⑦have a preference ...偏爱……
to
to doing
to do
do
to do
for
单句语法填空
1-1 (2020浙江1月,听力, )I prefer smaller companies bigger ones,
because a smaller business has the ability to be more flexible...
解析 考查固定搭配。句意：比起大的公司，我更喜欢小的公司，因为一家更小的公司能更加灵活……。prefer...to...喜欢……多于……。
1-2 (2019课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解C改编, )I prefer (go) out and be
out. Alone, but together, you know
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意：我更喜欢到外边去，待在外边。一个人，而不是一起，你知道吗 prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事。and后的be为省略to的形式。
1-3 (2018江苏,阅读理解B, )Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer
customers (stay) longer and spend.
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意：与快餐店不同的是，好的饭店更愿意顾客能待得久一点并进行消费。prefer sb. to do sth.宁愿某人做某事。
to
to go
to stay
1-4 (2016 课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解D, )They needed to be aroused(激发) one way
or the other, and they (prefer) good news to bad.
解析 考查动词的时态。句意：他们需要以这样或那样的方式被激发，而且比起坏消息，他们更喜欢好消息。and连接两个并列分句，根据前一分句中的谓语动词needed可知，此处也应使用一般过去时。prefer的过去式要特别注意，需要双写字母r，故填preferred。
1-5(2016北京,阅读理解A, )As for the working environment, Tanis prefers
(work) by herself.
解析 考查动名词。句意：至于工作环境，Tanis更喜欢一个人工作。prefer doing/to do sth.更喜欢做某事，doing表示经常性的动作，而to do表示具体的动作。根据语境可知，此处应为经常性的动作，故填working。
preferred
working
1-6 ( )The teenagers think their parents don't understand them so they prefer
(talk) to their friends rather than tell their parents their problems.
解析 考查固定搭配。句意：青少年认为他们的父母不理解他们，所以他们宁愿和他们的朋友聊天，而不愿把他们的问题告诉父母。prefer to do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做……，故填to talk。
to talk
suitable adj.合适的;适用的
Which club do you think is suitable for Adam (教材P12) 你认为哪个俱乐部适合亚
当
情景导学
(Global Times,2020年11月)Anji's air, water and soil are very suitable for growing
tea. 安吉的空气、水和土壤非常适合种茶。
The shoes are suitable to travel. 这双鞋适合旅行。
That color doesn't suit her. 那种颜色不适合她。
The hot weather doesn't suit me. 天这么热,我真受不了。
归纳拓展
①be suitable ...适合……
②be suitable sth.适合做某事
2|
for
to do
③ vt.(衣服、款式、颜色等)适合(某人);适宜,有利于 n.套装;西服
单句语法填空
2-1 (2020江苏,22, )If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably
a solution that (suit) everyone.
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:如果你全面地分析形势,你可能会找到一个适合每一个人的解决方案。设空处表示的行为没有一定的时间性，应该使用一般现在时。that everyone是定语从句,先行词是a solution,是单数，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填suits。
2-2 (2019江苏,书面表达, )Li suggests the traditional Chinese dress while Su
thinks the school uniforms are more (suit).
解析 考查形容词。句意：李推荐中国传统服装，而苏则认为校服更合适。设空处作表语，表示“合适的”，故用形容词形式。
suit
suits
suitable
2-3( )Many of the fish caught for sport are not suitable eating, so
they are thrown away.
解析 考查固定搭配。句意：许多以运动为目的捕的鱼不适合吃，所以它们被扔掉了。be suitable for...适合……。故填for。
for
challenge n.挑战;艰巨任务vt.怀疑;向……挑战
Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.(教材P14)从初中到高中真是一个巨大的挑战。
情景导学
(China Daily,2021年1月)China's food supply will remain stable during the Spring
Festival, despite challenges caused by COVID-19 risks. 尽管新冠肺炎风险带来了
挑战,中国的粮食供应将在春节期间保持稳定。
There will be many difficult and challenging days ahead.
今后将会有很多艰苦和充满挑战的日子。
In public, Michael challenged him to a dance contest.
在公开场合,迈克尔挑战他进行舞蹈比赛。
3|
归纳拓展
①face/meet/accept/take up a challenge面临/接受挑战
② 向某人挑战某事
③challenge sb. to do sth.向某人挑战做某事
④ adj.具有挑战性的
单句语法填空
3-1 (2019北京,语法填空A改编, )Nervously facing many (chal-
lenge),I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.
解析 考查名词单复数。句意：紧张地面对许多挑战时，我知道我将对自己低语这两个简单的词“Be yourself”。设空处意为“挑战”，由设空处前的many可知此处应用名词复数形式。
challenge sb. to sth.
challenging
challenges
3-2 (2018课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解D, )It's more likely that none of us start a con-
versation because it’s awkward(令人尴尬的) and (challenge), or we
think it's annoying and unnecessary.
解析 考查形容词。句意：更可能的是，我们中没有一个人开始交谈，因为那是令人尴尬和具有挑战性的，或者我们认为那是令人讨厌且没有必要的。and连接并列成分，由and前的awkward可知，设空处应用形容词作表语。此处指“具有挑战性的”，故填challenging。
3-3 (2016浙江,七选五改编, )Surround yourself with positive individuals who
challenge you (be) better while loving you for who you are.
解析 考查不定式。句意：让你的周围都是积极向上的人，他们会在爱你本来的样子的同时挑战你（让你）变得更好。challenge sb. to do sth.挑战某人做某事。
challenging
to be
recommend vt.建议;推荐;介绍
My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like
English and I'm good at it.(教材P14)因为我喜欢且擅长英语,我的指导老师建议我
选修高级文学。
情景导学
(China Daily,2021年1月)People are recommended to have several chopping boards
so they can use them for different types of food.人们被建议备几个切菜板,这样就
可以把它们用于(切)不同类型的食物。
Our English teacher strongly recommended China Daily to us.
我们的英语老师向我们强烈推荐《中国日报》。
The judge recommended that he serve 20 years in prison.
法官建议判他入狱服刑20年。
4 |
It's strongly recommended that you should report this to the teacher. 强烈建议你把
此事报告给老师。
归纳拓展
①recommend sth. sb.向某人推荐某物
②recommend doing sth.建议做某事
③recommend sb. sth.建议某人做某事
④recommend sb./sth. as...推荐某人/某物当/作为……
⑤recommend that...建议……(that从句用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“ ”形式,其中should可以省略)
⑥It’s recommended that...建议……(that从句用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“ ”形式,其中should可以省略)
⑦recommendation n.推荐;介绍;推荐信;介绍信
to
to do
（should+）动词
原形
（should+）
动词原形
单句语法填空
4-1 (2019课标全国Ⅲ,语法填空, )Our hosts shared many of their experiences
and (recommend)wonderful places to eat,shop,and visit.
解析 考查动词的时态。句意：我们的东道主分享了许多他们的经历，并推荐了一些可以吃饭、购物和参观的好地方。第一个连词and连接并列成分，由shared可知设空处应该用一般过去时。
4-2(2017北京,阅读理解B, )Take a look online—evidence shows that thou-
sands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend
TOKNOW their friends.
解析 考查介词。句意：上网看看吧——证据表明，成千上万的老师和家长在看到它时就知道它是一种好东西，并向他们的朋友推荐TOKNOW。recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐某物。
recommended
to
4-3 (2016四川,阅读理解D改编, )Nutritionists(营养学家) recommend
skimmed milk(脱脂牛奶) the best choice before bed as it is the least fat-
tening(易使人发胖的).
解析 考查介词。句意：营养学家推荐脱脂牛奶作为睡前最好的选择,因为它是最不容易使人发胖的。recommend sth. as...推荐某物作为……。
句型转换
4-4(2019北京,阅读理解B, )He recommended her to do some research and talk
to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
→He recommended and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.(用虚拟语气)
as
that she do some research
advanced adj.高级的;高等的;先进的;(国家)发达的
My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature...(教材P14)我
的指导老师建议我选修高级文学……
情景导学
(Global Times,2020年11月)In response to climate change, most advanced nations
have been reducing their dependence on fossil fuel-based power production. 作为对
气候变化的回应,大多数发达国家一直在减少对以化石燃料为基础的发电的依
赖。
Only those who had booked the ticket in advance were allowed in. 只有那些预先订
票的人允许进去。
Science has made great advances in the last fifty years.
在过去的五十年里,科学取得了巨大的进步。
5 |
Galileo's ideas were well in advance of the age in which he lived.伽利略的思想远远
超越了他所处的时代。
归纳拓展
①advance n.前进;发展 vi.前进;发展 vt.发展;促进
② (of)(时间上)在……前;预先;事先
③ 取得进步/进展
单句语法填空
5-1 (2020天津, 3, )—Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call
advance.
—Good point. I will.
解析 考查固定搭配。句意:——下次你拜访Bob的时候,记得提前给他打电话。——好主意。我会的。in advance 意为“提前；预先”。
in advance
make an advance/advances
in
5-2 (2020全国新高考Ⅰ,阅读理解B, )She decided to go back to college
(advance) her career and to be able to better support her family while doing
something she loves: nursing.
解析 考查动词不定式。句意：她决定重返大学以发展自己的事业，并能更好地养活她的家庭，同时做着她热爱的事情:护理。根据句意可知，她决心回到大学的目的是发展自己的事业，所以此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。
5-3 (2017北京,阅读理解B, )TOKNOW makes complex(复杂的) ideas attrac-
tive and accessible(浅显易懂的) to children, who can become involved in
(advance) concepts(理念) and even philosophy(哲学).
解析 考查形容词。句意：TOKNOW使复杂的观点变得有吸引力和易于儿童理解,儿童们便能接触高级的理念,甚至是哲学。设空处修饰名词concepts，应使用形容
词，故填advanced，意为“高级的”。
to advance
advanced
responsible adj.负责的;有责任的
I know I'll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being
responsible for a lot more.(教材P14) 我知道作为一名高中生,我得更加努力地学
习,并习惯于承担更多的责任。
情景导学
(Global Times,2020年11月)“Students should not be treated as free labor, and
schools ought to take responsibility for teaching,” one netizen commented on Sina
Weibo. 一位网友在新浪微博上评论道:“学生不应该被视为免费劳动力,学校应
该承担教学的责任。”
She feels a strong sense of responsibility towards her students.
她对学生有很强的责任感。
It's every citizen's responsibility to keep our city clean.
保持城市清洁是每个公民的责任。
6 |
归纳拓展
①be responsible ...对……负责
② n.责任;义务
③have/take responsibility ( ...)对……负责
④It's one's responsibility sth.做某事是某人的责任
⑤a sense of responsibility
单句语法填空
6-1 (2020全国Ⅰ,书面表达, )He is so humorous, (responsibility)
and selfless that I respect and love him very much.
解析 考查形容词。句意：他是如此幽默、负责和无私，以至于我非常尊重和喜欢他。设空处作表语，由前后的humorous和selfless可知，此处应用形容词，故填responsible。
for
responsibility
for
to do
责任感
responsible
6-2 (2018江苏,阅读理解D, )She said social media companies must also “take
more (responsible)”.
解析 考查名词。句意：她说社交媒体公司也必须“负更多的责任”。take responsibility 为固定搭配，意为“负责”。
6-3 (2017天津,阅读理解C, )Who is responsible the operation of
such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers.
解析 考查介词。句意：在汽车制造商、消费者和律师中，谁该为这样的交通工具的运行负责是不清楚的。be responsible for...意为“为……负责”。
完成句子
6-4 ( )We are all deeply moved by the ceremony, from which we realize that
the process of our growth is always accompanied(伴随)by the
(责任感).
responsibility
for
sense of responsibility
schedule n.工作计划;日程安排vt.安排;预定
...I need to make a workable schedule.(教材P15)
……我需要制订一个可行的时间表。
情景导学
(China Daily,2021年1月)China's first solar probe is scheduled to be launched into
space in the first half of 2022.
中国第一个太阳探测器计划在2022年上半年发射到太空。
The new bridge has been finished two years ahead of schedule.
这座新桥提前两年落成。
We expect the work to be completed on schedule.
我们希望这项工作能按照预定时间完成。
The sports meeting is scheduled for Saturday.
运动会安排在周六。
7 |
归纳拓展
① 提前
②behind schedule迟于预定时间
③ 按时;准时
④be scheduled +时间点 预定/安排在……(时间)
⑤ 安排做某事;预计做某事
单句语法填空
7-1 (2020浙江1月,应用文写作, )The contest, which is scheduled
(hold) in our school hall on January 18th, will focus on the traditional Chinese culture.
解析 考查不定式。句意：本次大赛定于1月18日在我校大厅举行，将以中国传统文化为重点。be scheduled to do sth.安排做某事。The contest与hold之间为被动关系，故填to be held。
ahead of schedule
on schedule
for
be scheduled to do sth.
to be held
7-2 (2019江苏,阅读理解D, )The family rented a former church in downtown
Portland and (schedule)a concert.
解析 考查动词的时态。句意：这家人在波特兰市中心租了一座昔日的教堂，并安排了一场音乐会。设空处与并列连词and连接的动词rented为平行结构，均为谓语部分。故用一般过去时。
7-3 (2016课标全国Ⅰ,书面表达, )I know you have very busy
schedule, but I'd be very grateful if you could take some time to go through them and
make necessary changes.
解析 考查冠词。句意：我知道您的日程安排很紧，但如果您能花点时间通读一下它们，并做些必要的修改，我将不胜感激。schedule为可数名词，意为“工作计划；日程安排”。此处表泛指，故填不定冠词a。
scheduled
a
7-4 ( )Having worked for two days, Steve managed to finish his report
schedule.
解析 考查介词。句意：工作了两天，史蒂夫设法如期完成了他的报告。on schedule如期；准时。
7-5 ( )The following events are scheduled the 2019—2020 aca
demic year.
解析 考查介词。句意：以下活动安排在2019—2020学年。“be scheduled for+时间点”表示“预定/安排在……（时间）”。
on
for
attract vt.吸引;引起……的注意(或兴趣)
It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games
and the online world.(教材P18)对于你们这一代青少年来说,被电脑游戏和网络世
界吸引并不罕见。
情景导学
There is a big house with an attractive garden.
有一处带有美丽花园的大宅子。
Her new clothes have attracted our attention.
她的新衣服吸引了我们的注意。
What do you think attracts people to big cities
你认为是什么把人们吸引到了大城市
8 |
归纳拓展
① 吸引某人的注意力
②attract sb. sth.引起某人对某物的兴趣
③be attracted to...喜爱……,为……所吸引
④attraction n.吸引;吸引力;诱惑力n.[C]有吸引力的地方;有吸引力的事物
⑤ adj.有吸引力的
单句语法填空
8-1 (2020 天津,阅读理解C, )This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants
and stores because it offers a new way (attract) customers.
解析 考查动词不定式。句意：这会对像餐馆和商店这样的企业很有用，因为它提供了一种新的吸引顾客的方法。设空处作a new way的后置定语，故填to attract。
attract one's attention
to
attractive
to attract
8-2 (2020全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C改编, )It's this strange form that makes race walking such an (attract) activity.
解析 考查形容词。句意：正是这种奇怪的形式使竞走成为一项如此有吸引力的活
动。设空处修饰名词activity，应使用形容词，故填attractive，意为“有吸引力的”。
8-3 (2020全国新高考Ⅰ,阅读理解C, )A few years later, still attracted
the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappear-
ance of the Aral Sea.
解析 考查固定搭配。句意：几年后，仍然被这个国家吸引，他回到乌兹别克斯坦去写一篇关于咸海的消失的文章。be attracted to...意为“为……所吸引”。此处为过去分词短语作状语。
attractive
to
8-4 (2019浙江,七选五, )The concert was broadcast live and (attract) the
largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time.
解析 考查动词的时态。句意：那场音乐会进行了现场直播，吸引了直到那个时候电视史上最多的一晚观众（的数量）。设空处与并列连词and连接的was broadcast为平行结构，均为谓语部分，所以此处用一般过去时。
attracted
focus vt.& vi.集中(精力、注意力等);(使) 调节焦距 n.中心;
重点;焦点
But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus
on other things in life.(教材P18)但是花太多的时间上网是不健康的,而且(让人)很
难把精力集中在生活中的其他事情上。
情景导学
The accident brought this problem into focus.
这一事故使这个问题成为焦点。
This issue of terrorism has come into focus recently.
这个有关恐怖主义的议题最近成了焦点问题。
归纳拓展
① 把注意力集中于;关注=focus upon
9 |
focus on
②focus...on...把……集中在……上
③come into focus
④bring...into focus
⑤focused adj.注意力集中的;目标明确的
单句语法填空
9-1 (2020全国新高考Ⅰ,七选五, )Too often, when you stand up to give a
speech, you focus the “public” at the expense of(在牺牲……的情况
下) the “speaking”.
解析 考查介词。句意：很多时候，当你站起来演讲时，你关注的是“公众”，而忽略了“演讲”。focus on特别关注。
成为焦点
使……成为焦点
on
9-2 (2018天津,阅读理解C, )There's a new frontier(新领域) in 3D printing that's beginning to come focus: food.
解析 考查固定短语。句意：3D打印有一个新的领域开始成为焦点：食
品。come into focus成为焦点。
9-3(2018课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解C, )Today, many Chinese people are learning
Western styles and theories rather than (focus)on Chinese traditions.
解析 考查动名词。句意：现在，许多中国人正在学习西方的风格和理论，而不是关注中国的传统。rather than后接动名词作宾语。故填focusing。
9-4 (2016课标全国Ⅱ,语法填空, )Most of us are more (focus)on
our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.
解析 考查形容词。句意：我们大多数人在早上比在一天的晚些时候更专注于我们的工作。此处应用形容词作表语，故填focused。
into
focusing
focused
so that...为了,以便
I'll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.(教材P1
4)
我会自己找到一个提高的方法,以便我明年可以加入球队。
情景导学
He works hard so that he can pass the exam.
=He works hard in order that he can pass the exam.
=He works hard in order to/so as to pass the exam.
他努力学习,以便能通过考试。
I took an early bus, so that I got there in time.
我乘了早班公共汽车,及时赶到了那里。
1 |
归纳拓展
①so that引导 ,意为“为了,以便”,从句中常含有can/could/
may/might/will/would/should等情态动词, 可与in order that, ,
so as to等形式进行转换。
②so that 引导 ,意为“以至于;结果”,从句中一般不用情态
动词,常用逗号与主句隔开。
指出下列句中so that 引导的从句类型
1-1 (2020江苏,23, )They decide to have more workers for the project so that it
won't be delayed.
1-2 ( )Stephen was excellent in many ways, so that he got the job.
目的状语从句
in order to
结果状语从句
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
句型转换
1-3 (2019天津,阅读理解B, )I often found myself telling my mom to drive
more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
→I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, I could read
all of the road signs we passed.
→I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly,
read all of the road signs we passed.
in order that
so as to/in order to
动名词(短语)作主语
Studying hard isn't always fun, but I'll be well prepared for university or whatever
else comes in the future.(教材P14)努力学习并不总是有趣的,但我会为大学或未来
的任何其他的事情做好准备。
情景导学
It's no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。
Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火危险。(泛指玩火)
To play with fire is dangerous.玩火危险。(指某一次具体的动作)
归纳拓展
①动名词(短语)作主语多表示一种 或 动作。
②单个动名词(短语)作主语,谓语动词用 。
③常用动名词作主语的句型:
2|
抽象的
泛指的
第三人称单数形式
It is no good doing sth.做某事没有好处
It is no /useless doing sth.
It is a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间的
④不定式(短语)也可作主语,但多表示某一次具体的动作。
单句语法填空
2-1 (2020全国Ⅱ,七选五, ) (send) smiling faces to colleagues(同
事) may seem strange.
解析 考查动名词短语作主语。句意：给同事们发送笑脸可能看起来是奇怪的。设空处在句中作主语，表示泛指的动作，故填Sending。
2-2 (2019天津,4, ) (learn)to think critically(批判地)is an important
skill today's children will need for the future.
解析 考查动名词短语作主语。句意：学会批判性思考是当今的孩子未来需要的一项重要的技能。此处表示抽象的泛指动作，应用动名词短语作主语，故填Learning。
use
做某事没有用处
Sending
Learning
2-3 (2018北京,3, )Traveling along the old Silk Road an interest
ing and rewarding experience.
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣且有益的经历。此处描述事实，应用一般现在时，设空处的主语为动名词短语Traveling along the old Silk Road，所以应用单数形式，故填is。
2-4 ( )Understanding your own needs and styles of communication
as important as learning to convey your affections and emotions.
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：了解自己的需求和沟通方式与学会表达自己的感情和情绪同样重要。此处描述事实，应用一般现在时，设空处的主语为动名词短语Understanding your own needs and styles of communication，所以应用单数形式，故填is。
is
is
名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语
短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。本单元主要介绍的
是名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语。
一、名词短语(noun phrases)
名词短语指以一个名词为中心构成的短语。
1.名词短语的组成及功能
【观察】
The English teacher in red will go abroad next year.
这位穿红色衣服的英语老师明年将出国。
I want to take part in some interesting school clubs.
我想参加一些有趣的学校社团。
He is the most handsome boy in the class.
他是班里最帅的男孩。
【归纳】
(1)组成:名词短语由(限定词+)(形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词+)名词(+介词
短语)组成。
(2)功能:名词短语在句中可作① 、② 、③ 或
宾语补足语。
2.名词的修饰语与名词的位置关系
【观察】
The boy is my brother.
这个男孩是我的弟弟。
The cute boy is my brother.
主语
宾语
表语
这个可爱的男孩是我的弟弟。
The cute boy in blue jeans is my brother.
这个穿蓝色牛仔裤的可爱男孩是我的弟弟。
The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my brother.
这个穿蓝色牛仔裤的可爱男孩是我的弟弟。
The cute boy who is wearing blue jeans is my brother.
这个穿蓝色牛仔裤的可爱男孩是我的弟弟。
【归纳】
(1)名词的修饰语与名词有两种位置关系:一是放在被修饰名词的前面,叫作
④ ;二是放在被修饰名词的后面,叫作⑤ 。
(2)在英语中,修饰名词的定语的位置是有规律的,下面是一个被称为“左二右
六”规律的“黄金公式”:
前置定语
后置定语
限定词(冠词/指示代词/物主代词/不定代词)+形容词/形容词性短语/描述性名词+
中心名词+六类后置定语(介词短语、分词短语、不定式短语、形容词短语、定
语从句、同位语从句)。
二、形容词短语(adjective phrases)
形容词短语指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语。形容词短语的组成及功能
如下:
【观察】
He was a very influential performer of modern jazz.
他是一名非常有影响力的现代爵士乐表演者。
Seeing her win the gold medal at the Olympics, we were all wild with joy.
看到她在奥运会上赢得了金牌,我们真是欣喜若狂。
His hard work made him very successful.
他的勤奋工作使得他非常成功。
After the war, the soldiers returned home, safe and sound.
战争结束后,士兵们安然无恙地回到了家。
Tom is old enough to take care of himself.
汤姆足够大了,可以照顾他自己了。
【归纳】
(1)组成:(副词+)形容词(+介词短语),形容词+enough,形容词+and/but+形容词。
(2)功能:形容词短语在句中可以修饰名词作⑥ ,还可以用作⑦ 、⑧ 或状语。
形容词(短语)作状语时,通常说明⑨ 的情况,即表示其状态、性质、特
征等,可位于句首、句末或句中,通常和句子的其他部分用逗号隔开。
三、副词短语(adverb phrases)
副词短语指以一个副词为中心构成的短语。副词短语的组成及功能如下:
定语
表语
宾语补足语
主语
【观察】
I can't catch up with him. He runs very fast.
我追不上他,他跑得非常快。
The window was far too small for him to get through.
这扇窗户对他来说实在太小,他钻不过去。
I do not know her well enough to ask her for help.
我对她不够熟悉,不好求她帮忙。
He would go over his work again and again.
他会反复检查他的工作。
【归纳】
(1)组成:(副词)+副词;副词+enough;副词+and/but+副词。
(2)功能:副词短语可以修饰⑩ 、 或副词,作状语,也可作
定语、表语、补足语等。
动词
形容词
请写出下列句子中画线部分属于哪类短语,在句中作什么成分
1.(2020全国Ⅰ,阅读理解B, )The language is almost intoxicating(令人陶醉
的), an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.
2.(2019课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解A, )This is an excellent fantasy novel from one
of the best storytellers around.
3.(2019课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解B改编, )The author likes doing volunteer work
because it makes her very happy.
形容词短语；表语
名词短语；表语
形容词短语；宾语补足语
4.(2019课标全国Ⅱ,短文改错, )Then, when I was in the fifth grade, I wanted
to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher so much.
5.(2019课标全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C, )At present, these technologies are still ex-
pensive, though.
6.(2019课标全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C, )Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they
have come up with a low-cost device (装置) that gets around this problem: a smart
keyboard.
7.(2018浙江11月,概要写作, )While visiting an online college fair can't take
the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool.
副词短语；状语
形容词短语;表语
名词短语;宾语
形容词短语；定语
8.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解D, )The good news is that I can help my own
kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.
9.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解D, )It was totally, completely enough for him.
10.(2018 天津,6, )The possibility that there is life on other planets in the uni-
verse has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.
单句语法填空
11.(2020全国Ⅰ,语法填空, )Landing on the moon's far side is
(extreme) challenging.
解析 考查副词。句意：在月球背面着陆极具挑战性。修饰形容词challenging要用副词，故填extremely。extremely challenging为形容词短语。
名词短语；主语
形容词短语;表语
名词短语;主语
extremely
12.(2020 北京,完形填空, )He practised again and again until he could move
quite (quick) across the sand.
解析 考查副词。句意：他一遍一遍地练习，直到他能在沙地上很快地滑动。修饰动词move要用副词，此处quite quickly为副词短语。
13.(2019课标全国Ⅱ,语法填空, )But then we got an (office) letter
and we were blown away.
解析 考查形容词。句意：但后来我们收到了一封官方的信，我们非常高兴。设空处作定语修饰其后的名词letter。故用形容词形式。
14.(2019课标全国Ⅲ,语法填空, )They also shared with us many traditional
stories about Hawaii that were (huge) popular with tourists.
解析 考查副词。句意：他们还和我们分享了许多关于非常受游客欢迎的夏威夷的传统故事。设空处修饰后面的形容词，故用副词hugely。
quickly
official
hugely
15.(2019课标全国Ⅲ,语法填空, )When they were free from work,they invited
us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete)to watch,
together with the story behind it.
解析 考查名词。句意：当他们没有工作的时候，他们邀请我们参加当地的活动，让我们知道一个观看起来很有趣的比赛，并告诉我们它背后的故事。an interesting 为名词短语，形容词后应接名词，故填competition。
16.(2019北京,语法填空C, )Students should have a proper attitude towards col-
lege before thinking about which college to attend, and it's never too early to make
necessary preparations for a healthy and (meaning) college experience.
解析 考查形容词。句意：……为健康且有意义的大学经历做必要的准备，越早越好。college experience 是名词短语，且设空处所填词和healthy并列，故设空处应用meaning的形容词形式 meaningful。
competition
meaningful
17. (2018课标全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C, )The distribution of these languages is
(huge) uneven.
解析 考查副词。句意：这些语言的分布极不平衡。本句中uneven为形容词短语，在句中作表语，故本空应用副词hugely（非常）修饰形容词uneven。
18.(2018课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解D, )The key to (success) small talk
is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.
解析 考查形容词。句意：成功的闲谈的关键是学会如何与他人建立关系，而不只是与他们交流。本句中small talk为名词短语，故应用形容词successful（成功的）修饰
small talk。
19.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解C, )He asked the workers to use
(tradition) techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors.
解析 考查形容词。句意：他要求工人们用传统技术把砖做成墙、屋顶和走廊。
techniques为名词短语，故本空应用形容词traditional（传统的）修饰名词techniques。
hugely
successful
traditional