2022届高三考试
英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Wonderful Destinations You Can Explore in the World
While travel is still just a dream for many, we know that some of you are now eager to pencil in your next adventure. We are now taking bookings for our 2021 and 2022 tours, offering the following destinations.
The Dolomite Mountains in Italy
8 days; September 6, 2021
Go on a gentle outdoor tour through the impressive Dolomite Mountains where scientists investigate several scientific phenomena including geology, ecology, deep time and astronomy.
The gateway to the solar system in Iceland
8 days; November 20, 2021
Visit the sites where scientists test space mission in the world. You will visit remote lava fields, glaciers and Mars rover (巡视器) test sites to explore how technology can help us research other worlds, as well as adapt to our own climate challenges.
The Fjords of Norway
7 days; January 18, 2022
Explore the Fjords of Norway as you start the winter voyage to watch the wonderful northern lights and underwater life of the Arctic. Learn about the science behind the northern lights, watch whales from the sea, try your hand at dog sledding or simply relax around a campfire under the stars.
The volcanic fields in Italy
8 days; September 3, 2021
Experience the beauty and power of two of the world’s most impressive active volcanoes on Mount Etna and Mount Stromboli. Explore the Aeolian Islands of Lipari and Vulcano while enjoying scenic landscapes and Italian warmth.
Whether you are ready to book or just want to carry on dreaming for now, we expect you to enjoy looking through some of the new tours we have created. For more information on all our new tours for 2021 and 2022, visit www. new /tours.
1. What do the first two destinations have in common
A. They are main lava fields.
B. They focus on science.
C. They open on the same day.
D. They are space mission bases.
2. What can visitors do in the Fjords of Norway
A. Feed whales from the sea.
B. See the wonders of the Arctic.
C. Enter the gateway to the solar system.
D. Explore sea life in the company of scientists.
3. Where can visitors explore active volcanoes
A. In Mars rover test sites.
B. In the Fjords of Norway.
C. On Mount Etna and Mount Stromboli.
D. On the Dolomite Mountains and Aeolian Islands.
B
When Ariel Cordova-Rojas reached Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. A mile into her walk, she spotted a beautiful female mute swan (抚鼻天鹅) near the water's edge. Cordova-Rojas,who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund recovery center in Manhattan, knew that swans can be aggressive. But strangely, as she approached this one, it didn't move. So she was certain that the bird was ill and needed medical attention. Cordova-Rojas put her jacket over the bird's head to keep it calm, carefully picked it up, and held it in her arms. And then a thought struck her: What do I do now
Her best bet was the Wild Bird Fund recovery center, but that was on the other side of town. How was she going to transport a 17-pound swan on foot all that way Luckily, a stranger offered her a bike and then she took the swan to a nearby subway station by bike.
On the subway, no one seemed to be astounded by the feathered passenger. “Even one guy, who was sitting right in front of me, just gave the swan a calm glance,” says Cordova-Rojas.
Cordova-Rojas called the recovery center, and Tristan Higginbotham, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the subway station and drove the bird to the recovery center. There, staff members determined that the swan might have been hurt by a fish hook.
The staff looked after the swan carefully and got it back up on its webbed feet. The swan even made a boyfriend in the center. Sadly, it contracted a bacterial infection. Two months after Cordova-Rojas came to its rescue, it passed away.
It's a disappointing ending, but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city literally. In all, Cordova-Rojas traveled two hours by bike, by subway, and by car to rescue it with endless efforts. Higginbotham says, “We are angels of love. That's the perfect summary of who we are. I firmly believe that we will continue to save wildlife.”
4. Why did Cordova-Rojas decide that the swan was ill
A. It became aggressive. B. It behaved abnormally.
C. It moved up and down. D. It stood near the water's edge.
5. What does the underlined word "astounded" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Moved. B. Disappointed. C. Amused. D. Shocked.
6. What do we know about the swan
A. It survived a bacterial infection.
B. It died despite being cared well.
C. It was badly poisoned by the river water.
D It was sent to the recovery center by two strangers.
7. Which of the following can best describe Cordova-Rojas
A. Kind and insistent. B. Modest and cautious.
C Brave and generous. D. Curious and creative.
C
A new report links eating eggs to an increased risk of heart disease. The results follow several earlier studies that found eating eggs was generally healthy. The new report combines data from six other earlier studies. It shows a 6 percent increased risk of heart disease when the average number of eggs a person eats each day increased by half an egg.
In the United States, eggs are generally one of the top sources of cholesterol (胆固醇) in a person’s diet. Individuals with higher levels of cholesterol in their diets are at increased risk for the development of heart disease later in life. The team examined data gathered from six studies that involved a total of 29,615 people. Earlier researchers had followed these people for an average of 17.5 years. At the start, the participants answered questions about the foods they ate. But they were not asked about their diets at any time after that.
Over time, there were 5,400 heart-related incidents among the group. This included 2,088 deadly and non-deadly heart disease events and 1,302 deadly and non-deadly stroke events. It also included 1,897 deadly and non-deadly heart failure events and 113 other deaths from cardiovascular (心血管的) disease.
After examining the data, Allen’s team found a link between egg consumption as reported at the start of the study and people’s risk of developing heart disease. As their egg consumption rose, so did their risk.
Eggs contain a lot of cholesterol—about 200 milligrams. That is the highest daily amount recommended under current guidelines. Less than one egg a day on average is acceptable from a nutritional standpoint. The study is observational, meaning it can only show there is a link between egg consumption and heart disease. But it cannot prove eggs are the cause of the disease. It may just be that people eating a lot of eggs are also consuming a lot of bacon.
8. What were the participants asked about at the start of the study
A. Their birthplaces. B. Their diets.
C. Their physical conditions. D. Their ages.
9. What are the statistics in paragraph 3 about
A. The number of deaths from heart disease.
B. The number of treatments for heart disease.
C. The number of different causes of heart disease.
D. The number of heart disease cases among the participants.
10. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Eggs are good for everyone.
B. Eggs are the cause of heart disease.
C. Eating eggs with limits is beneficial.
D. Eating eggs has nothing to do with heart disease.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. Eggs Have Great Nutritional Value
B. Eggs Will Disappear from People’s Diet
C. It Is Much Better to Increase Egg Consumption
D. Diet Containing Eggs May Be Linked to Heart Disease
D
Have you heard there are animals in your head There are four, in fact: an elephant, a guard dog, an owl and a sooty (a black-feathered bird). They constantly chat to each other. If one gets a bit over-excited, that is to say, if the guard dog senses a threat and starts barking loudly, then the rest can't communicate with each other, and thatapos’s not good news. You might start to feel stressed or anxious or sad.
What the animals represent in the brain and what those parts of the brain are responsible for are the subjects of a new podcast (播客) teaching primary school-age children about their mental health and how to look after it.
The teachers of these lessons are pretty young, too. They're sixth-graders, 12 years old. They're pupils at Woollahra Public School in Sydney, who have been working with a social company, Grow Your Mind, to create the podcast.
“I used to hear a lot that the kids need to be more adaptable,” says Nicole Molloy, the school's head teacher. “We don't say that they need to be able to do math problems; we always teach them how to complete math problems. So why shouldn't we be doing that for mental health ”
A selection of older children are “well-being leaders” for the school and meet with Molloy once a week to talk about students' well-being. That helps to keep both the older and younger children very interested in the topic.
Although there's no data yet to quantify the effect this approach has had, Molloy says there are noticeable differences. Children now use the language and concepts they've learned about their mental health in everyday conversations. Teachers said that the students appear to have done well with the stress of the pandemic, too.
Focusing on mental health doesn't harm their studies, either. In fact, Molloy argues it improves them. “Our program proves it,” she says.
12. What do the animals in the first paragraph refer to
A. Pupils' imaginary friends.
B. Different parts of the brain.
C Popular animals among pupils.
D. Heated topics for children's biology classes.
13. Who gives lessons in the podcast
A. The company's manager. B. The school's head teacher.
C. Older primary school students. D. Experts from Grow Your Mind.
14. What does Molloy expect the podcast to do
A. Allow kids to practice public speaking.
B. Improve kids' performance on math tests.
C. Teach kids ways to deal with mental problems.
D. Provide kids with a chance to show their talents.
15. What does Molloy say about the podcast
A. It is desirable. B. It is harmful.
C. It is unnoticeable. D. It is humorous.
第二节
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether you want to impress a new teacher, or just chat with a new acquaintance, knowing how to start a conversation can help you feel more comfortable and confident.
____16____. To take an example, when you go into a room full of strangers, most people there are just like you in their hopes and fears. So when you approach someone to start a conversation, you’re helping him, because he wants someone to talk to as much as you do. ____17____, you can acknowledge and accept them, which will be to your advantage.
No matter what the situation is, you can find something positive to say. Comment on the weather, the food, or the event itself. Saying something as simple as you hope your conversation partner has a good time also is a good way to get a conversation rolling. People tend to respond better to a positive subject rather than a negative one. Staying positive also helps put others at ease. ____18____.
It can be difficult to try to talk to someone when it feels that you have little in common. In these situations, getting the other person to talk about his or her own interests, work, or expertise can be a useful way. ____19____, so expressing a genuine interest in the things that other people enjoy can be excellent fuel for a great conversation.
Learning how to start a conversation is an important skill that can help you build social connections. It can be difficult initially, particularly if you struggle with shyness or social anxiety. ____20____. The more often you start to interact with others, the stronger your conversational skills will become.
A. If you put the skills into practice
B. Instead of pushing your fears away
C. Everyone feels some level of fear in social situations
D. Eye contact will make your partner feel embarrassed
E Try to think of every interaction as a practice session
F. People often enjoy talking about things they are passionate about
G. People will be more interested in continuing a conversation with you
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During the past nine years, much of my spare time has been spent in taking things apart. I ____21____ fixing almost everything from electronics to vehicles.
I ____22____ discovered my love for taking things apart when I was eight. I was playing with one remote-controlled car when it ____23____ and broke into pieces, showing its inside ____24____. I had no idea what they were, but I was ____25____ by everything inside—the motors and circuit boards that made it ____26____. So I began to take apart all of my remote-controlled toys to ____27____ out their principles of movement.
As I got older, I understood how those parts ____28____. Then I realized that if I took something apart, I could use the pieces to make something else. That led to ____29____ many things, like an elevator for my building and motorized wooden boats, all _____30_____ electric motors and circuit boards. I guessed my _____31_____ for fixing things came from my father. Ever since I could hold a tool, I’ve followed him around, helping him _____32_____ things. Then he taught me not only how to repair things but how to build them.
When it was time for me to _____33_____ to repair cars, I immediately loved it. My first _____34_____ was an oil change. When it was done, I felt _____35_____. Since then, I’ve been proud of my knowledge of cars. Now, I can fix almost anything on a(n) _____36_____.
People always say, “You should choose your _____37_____ not based on money, but on what you love.” I’m lucky that I found my favorite occupation at such a _____38_____ age. I know becoming a(n) _____39_____ will give me the opportunity to take my interest in creating new things and _____40_____ it to the world.
21. A. suggest B. enjoy C. delay D. risk
22. A. initially B. scarcely C. also D. again
23. A. lay down B. fell down C. came up D. stood up
24. A. license B. wood C. buildings D. parts
25. A. harmed B. cheated C. drawn D. stuck
26. A. concentrate B. disappear C. fly D. move
27. A. let B. hold C. figure D. cut
28. A. faded B. burst C. cracked D. worked
29. A. purchasing B. explaining C. creating D. spotting
30. A. made from B. compared with C. intended for D. regarded as
31. A. demand B. responsibility C. love D. sympathy
32. A. repair B. find C. weigh D. collect
33. A. afford B. learn C. promise D. remember
34. A. equipment B. error C. project D. competition
35. A. blank B. content C. guilty D. curious
36. A. automobile B. board C. airplane D. wall
37. A. team B. career C. tour D. background
38. A. young B. mature C. middle D. later
39. A. pilot B. teacher C. actor D. engineer
40. A. add B. return C. turn D. apply
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sugar cane cultivation(甘蔗种植) originated in southwest Asia, where Marco Polo reported in his ____41____ (know) journals that the Chinese used dark brown sugar freely without additional refining(提炼). Sugar can cultivation spread from southwest Asia ____42____ the Middle East and the Mediterranean trade circle in the twelfth and thirteenth ____43____ (century).
In the fourteenth century, the island of Cyprus was the location of major sugar farms, ____44____ (use) Syrian and Arab slaves as labor. Sugar cane cultivation was made a science in the fifteenth century in Sicily, with the ____45____ (invent) of the roller mill to speed up ____46____ process. In those times, brown sugar was a byproduct of sugar refining, and wasn't used widely in cooking ____47____ the people in the sixteenth century found its real value.
Brown sugar ____48____ (come) into popular use with the rise of European sugar plantations in the Caribbean in the 1700s. It was widely used as a sweetener in English and ____49____ (it) colonies(殖民地) because it was much ____50____ (cheap) than white sugar. The use and export of brown sugar from islands rose with the trade.
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My family is a close one. We always spent much time together. On weekdays, my brothers and I have the lunch with our mother. At night, we talk about our day over dinner. Although my father is often tiring after work, he attentively listens what my brothers and I say. Sometimes, he gives us his advices, too. On weekends, we like to go hiking together. Nature reserves are when we often go. Our parents are energetic so they have no difficulty keep up with my brothers and me. My father once said he'd take ourselves overseas the next year. And the spread of COVID-19 in the world has make it impossibly. I hope the epidemic will end soon.
第二节 书面表达
52. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“How to Treat Failure”为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.分析失败对我们影响
2.提出对待失败的一些建议
注意：
1.词数100左右
2.题目已为你写好
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2022届四川成都市田家炳中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Wonderful Destinations You Can Explore in the World
While travel is still just a dream for many, we know that some of you are now eager to pencil in your next adventure. We are now taking bookings for our 2021 and 2022 tours, offering the following destinations.
The Dolomite Mountains in Italy
8 days; September 6, 2021
Go on a gentle outdoor tour through the impressive Dolomite Mountains where scientists investigate several scientific phenomena including geology, ecology, deep time and astronomy.
The gateway to the solar system in Iceland
8 days; November 20, 2021
Visit the sites where scientists test space mission in the world. You will visit remote lava fields, glaciers and Mars rover (巡视器) test sites to explore how technology can help us research other worlds, as well as adapt to our own climate challenges.
The Fjords of Norway
7 days; January 18, 2022
Explore the Fjords of Norway as you start the winter voyage to watch the wonderful northern lights and underwater life of the Arctic. Learn about the science behind the northern lights, watch whales from the sea, try your hand at dog sledding or simply relax around a campfire under the stars.
The volcanic fields in Italy
8 days; September 3, 2021
Experience the beauty and power of two of the world’s most impressive active volcanoes on Mount Etna and Mount Stromboli. Explore the Aeolian Islands of Lipari and Vulcano while enjoying scenic landscapes and Italian warmth.
Whether you are ready to book or just want to carry on dreaming for now, we expect you to enjoy looking through some of the new tours we have created. For more information on all our new tours for 2021 and 2022, visit www. new /tours.
1 What do the first two destinations have in common
A. They are main lava fields.
B. They focus on science.
C. They open on the same day.
D. They are space mission bases.
2. What can visitors do in the Fjords of Norway
A. Feed whales from the sea.
B. See the wonders of the Arctic.
C. Enter the gateway to the solar system.
D. Explore sea life in the company of scientists.
3. Where can visitors explore active volcanoes
A. In Mars rover test sites.
B. In the Fjords of Norway.
C. On Mount Etna and Mount Stromboli.
D. On the Dolomite Mountains and Aeolian Islands.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个世界上可以探索的奇妙目的地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由The Dolomite Mountains in Italy中的“Go on a gentle outdoor tour through the impressive Dolomite Mountains where scientists investigate several scientific phenomena including geology, ecology, deep time and astronomy. (在令人印象深刻的白云石山脉进行一次温和的户外旅行，科学家们在那里调查了一些科学现象，包括地质学、生态学、深部时间和天文学)”和The gateway to the solar system in Iceland中的“Visit the sites where scientists test space mission in the world. (参观世界上科学家进行太空任务试验的地点)”可知，前两个目的地的共同点是它们专注于科学。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由The Fjords of Norway中的“Explore the Fjords of Norway as you start the winter voyage to watch the wonderful northern lights and underwater life of the Arctic. (当你开始冬季航行时，探索挪威的峡湾，观看北极光和北极的水下生物)”可知，游客在the Fjords of Norway可以看北极的奇观（极光和水下生物）。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由The volcanic fields in Italy中的第一段“Experience the beauty and power of two of the world’s most impressive active volcanoes on Mount Etna and Mount Stromboli. (体验埃特纳山和斯特龙博利山上两座世界上最令人印象深刻的活火山的美丽和威力)”可知，在Mount Etna and Mount Stromboli可以探索活火山。故选C项。
B
When Ariel Cordova-Rojas reached Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. A mile into her walk, she spotted a beautiful female mute swan (抚鼻天鹅) near the water's edge. Cordova-Rojas,who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund recovery center in Manhattan, knew that swans can be aggressive. But strangely, as she approached this one, it didn't move. So she was certain that the bird was ill and needed medical attention. Cordova-Rojas put her jacket over the bird's head to keep it calm, carefully picked it up, and held it in her arms. And then a thought struck her: What do I do now
Her best bet was the Wild Bird Fund recovery center, but that was on the other side of town. How was she going to transport a 17-pound swan on foot all that way Luckily, a stranger offered her a bike and then she took the swan to a nearby subway station by bike.
On the subway, no one seemed to be astounded by the feathered passenger. “Even one guy, who was sitting right in front of me, just gave the swan a calm glance,” says Cordova-Rojas.
Cordova-Rojas called the recovery center, and Tristan Higginbotham, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the subway station and drove the bird to the recovery center. There, staff members determined that the swan might have been hurt by a fish hook.
The staff looked after the swan carefully and got it back up on its webbed feet. The swan even made a boyfriend in the center. Sadly it contracted a bacterial infection. Two months after Cordova-Rojas came to its rescue, it passed away.
It's a disappointing ending, but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city literally. In all, Cordova-Rojas traveled two hours by bike, by subway, and by car to rescue it with endless efforts. Higginbotham says, “We are angels of love. That's the perfect summary of who we are. I firmly believe that we will continue to save wildlife.”
4. Why did Cordova-Rojas decide that the swan was ill
A. It became aggressive. B. It behaved abnormally.
C. It moved up and down. D. It stood near the water's edge.
5. What does the underlined word "astounded" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Moved. B. Disappointed. C. Amused. D. Shocked.
6. What do we know about the swan
A. It survived a bacterial infection.
B. It died despite being cared well.
C. It was badly poisoned by the river water.
D. It was sent to the recovery center by two strangers.
7. Which of the following can best describe Cordova-Rojas
A. Kind and insistent. B. Modest and cautious.
C. Brave and generous. D. Curious and creative.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了Ariel Cordova-Rojas拯救疣鼻天鹅的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Cordova-Rojas,who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund recovery center in Manhattan, knew that swans can be aggressive. But strangely, as she approached this one, it didn't move.”（Cordova-Rojas认为疣鼻天鹅可能会有攻击性，但奇怪的是，当她走近这一只天鹅时，它没有动）由此可知，Cordova-Rojas之所以断定这只天鹅病了，是因为它行为异常。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“Even one guy, who was sitting right in front of me, just gave the swan a calm glance,” says Cordova-Rojas.”（Cordova-Rojas说“就连坐在我正前方的一个人，也只是平静地瞥了天鹅一眼”）由此可知，在地铁上，似乎没有人对这位长着羽毛的乘客感到吃惊。所以划线词的意思是“惊讶的”。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Sadly, it contracted a bacterial infection. Two months after Cordova-Rojas came to its rescue, it passed away.”（不幸的是，它染上了细菌感染，在Cordova-Rojas救助它两个月后，它死了。）可知，尽管得到了康复中心很好的照顺，这只天鹅还是死于细菌感染。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In all, Cordova-Rojas traveled two hours by bike, by subway, and by car to rescue it with endless efforts.”（总之， Cordova Rojas花了两个小时骑自行车、坐地铁和开车去营救它，付出了无尽的努力）可知，Cordova-Rojas好比爱的天使，为了拯救这只天鹅，她克服了各种困难，从城镇的另一边，坚持不懈地把它送到康复中心。由此可知，Cordova-Rojas是善良的、坚持的。故选A项。
C
A new report links eating eggs to an increased risk of heart disease. The results follow several earlier studies that found eating eggs was generally healthy. The new report combines data from six other earlier studies. It shows a 6 percent increased risk of heart disease when the average number of eggs a person eats each day increased by half an egg.
In the United States, eggs are generally one of the top sources of cholesterol (胆固醇) in a person’s diet. Individuals with higher levels of cholesterol in their diets are at increased risk for the development of heart disease later in life. The team examined data gathered from six studies that involved a total of 29,615 people. Earlier researchers had followed these people for an average of 17.5 years. At the start, the participants answered questions about the foods they ate. But they were not asked about their diets at any time after that.
Over time, there were 5,400 heart-related incidents among the group. This included 2,088 deadly and non-deadly heart disease events and 1,302 deadly and non-deadly stroke events. It also included 1,897 deadly and non-deadly heart failure events and 113 other deaths from cardiovascular (心血管的) disease.
After examining the data, Allen’s team found a link between egg consumption as reported at the start of the study and people’s risk of developing heart disease. As their egg consumption rose, so did their risk.
Eggs contain a lot of cholesterol—about 200 milligrams. That is the highest daily amount recommended under current guidelines. Less than one egg a day on average is acceptable from a nutritional standpoint. The study is observational, meaning it can only show there is a link between egg consumption and heart disease. But it cannot prove eggs are the cause of the disease. It may just be that people eating a lot of eggs are also consuming a lot of bacon.
8. What were the participants asked about at the start of the study
A. Their birthplaces. B. Their diets.
C. Their physical conditions. D. Their ages.
9. What are the statistics in paragraph 3 about
A. The number of deaths from heart disease.
B. The number of treatments for heart disease.
C. The number of different causes of heart disease.
D. The number of heart disease cases among the participants.
10. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Eggs are good for everyone.
B. Eggs are the cause of heart disease.
C. Eating eggs with limits is beneficial.
D. Eating eggs has nothing to do with heart disease.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. Eggs Have Great Nutritional Value
B. Eggs Will Disappear from People’s Diet
C. It Is Much Better to Increase Egg Consumption
D. Diet Containing Eggs May Be Linked to Heart Disease
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章一项研究认为，吃鸡蛋与心脏病风险的增加有联系，但是有科学家对此持不同观点，他们认为鸡蛋不是引起心脏病的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“At the start, the participants answered questions about the foods they ate. (开始时，参与者回答了关于他们所吃食物的问题)”可知，研究开始时，参与者被问到了关于“他们的饮食”的问题。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“Over time, there were 5,400 heart-related incidents among the group. This included 2,088 deadly and non-deadly heart disease events and 1,302 deadly and non-deadly stroke events. It also included 1,897 deadly and non-deadly heart failure events and 113 other deaths from cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. (随着时间的推移，该群体中有5400例心脏相关事件。其中包括2088起致命和非致命性心脏病事件以及1302起致命和非致命性中风事件。它还包括1897例致命和非致命性心力衰竭事件以及113例其他心血管疾病死亡事件)”可知，本段的统计数字是关于参与者中心脏疾病病例的数量。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Eggs contain a lot of cholesterol—about 200 milligrams. That is the highest daily amount recommended under current guidelines. Less than one egg a day on average is acceptable from a nutritional standpoint. (鸡蛋含有大量胆固醇，约200毫克。这是根据现行指导方针建议的最高每日剂量。从营养角度来看，平均每天少于一个鸡蛋是可以接受的)”可知，从营养角度来看，每天少于一个鸡蛋是有益的，换句话说，有限度地吃鸡蛋是有益的。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段中的“A new report links eating eggs to an increased risk of heart disease. (一份新的报告将吃鸡蛋与增加心脏病风险联系起来)”可知，第一段提出新的研究结果表明，吃鸡蛋与心脏病风险的增加有联系，接下来文章用研究参与人员“发生心脏疾病病例”统计数字举证，说明了吃鸡蛋与心脏病风险的增加有关，所以A项“含鸡蛋的饮食可能与心脏病有关”最能概括本文内容，最适合作标题。故选D项。
D
Have you heard there are animals in your head There are four, in fact: an elephant, a guard dog, an owl and a sooty (a black-feathered bird). They constantly chat to each other. If one gets a bit over-excited, that is to say, if the guard dog senses a threat and starts barking loudly, then the rest can't communicate with each other, and thatapos’s not good news. You might start to feel stressed or anxious or sad.
What the animals represent in the brain and what those parts of the brain are responsible for are the subjects of a new podcast (播客) teaching primary school-age children about their mental health and how to look after it.
The teachers of these lessons are pretty young, too. They're sixth-graders, 12 years old. They're pupils at Woollahra Public School in Sydney, who have been working with a social company, Grow Your Mind, to create the podcast.
“I used to hear a lot that the kids need to be more adaptable,” says Nicole Molloy, the school's head teacher. “We don't say that they need to be able to do math problems; we always teach them how to complete math problems. So why shouldn't we be doing that for mental health ”
A selection of older children are “well-being leaders” for the school and meet with Molloy once a week to talk about students' well-being. That helps to keep both the older and younger children very interested in the topic.
Although there's no data yet to quantify the effect this approach has had, Molloy says there are noticeable differences. Children now use the language and concepts they've learned about their mental health in everyday conversations. Teachers said that the students appear to have done well with the stress of the pandemic, too.
Focusing on mental health doesn't harm their studies, either. In fact, Molloy argues it improves them. “Our program proves it,” she says.
12. What do the animals in the first paragraph refer to
A. Pupils' imaginary friends.
B. Different parts of the brain.
C. Popular animals among pupils.
D. Heated topics for children's biology classes.
13. Who gives lessons in the podcast
A. The company's manager. B. The school's head teacher.
C. Older primary school students. D. Experts from Grow Your Mind.
14. What does Molloy expect the podcast to do
A. Allow kids to practice public speaking.
B. Improve kids' performance on math tests.
C. Teach kids ways to deal with mental problems.
D. Provide kids with a chance to show their talents.
15. What does Molloy say about the podcast
A. It is desirable. B. It is harmful.
C. It is unnoticeable. D. It is humorous.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小学高年级的学生通过播客来帮助小学生解决心理问题这件事。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段 “What the animals represent in the brain and what those parts of the brain are responsible for are the subjects of a new podcast (播客) teaching primary school-age children about their mental health and how to look after it(这些动物在大脑中代表着什么，大脑的这些部分负责什么，这是一个新播客的主题，教小学生们关于他们的心理健康和如何照顾它)”可知，这里的animals指的是大脑中的四个不同区域。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段 “The teachers of these lessons are pretty young, too. They're sixth-graders, 12 years old.( 这些课程老师年龄也不大。他们是六年级学生，12岁。)”可知，播客课程的老师是小学高年级的学生。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段末句“we always teach them how to complete math problems. So why shouldn't we be doing that for mental health ( 我们总是教他们如何完成数学题。那么，我们为什么不为心理健康而这样做呢 )”尤其how一词可知，Molloy希望通过这个播客教孩子们处理解决心理问题的方法。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后两段中Molloy所说“Although there's no data yet to quantify the effect this approach has had, Molloy says there are noticeable differences. Children now use the language and concepts they've learned about their mental health in everyday conversations. Teachers said that the students appear to have done well with the stress of the pandemic, too.Focusing on mental health doesn't harm their studies, either. In fact, Molloy argues it improves them. “Our program proves it,” she says. ( 虽然目前还没有数据来量化这种方法的效果，但Molloy说，有明显的差异。现在，孩子们在日常对话中使用他们所学到的关于心理健康的语言和概念。教师们表示，学生们似乎也很好地应对了疫情带来的压力。关注心理健康也不会影响他们的学业。事实上，Molloy认为，他们有很大进步。“我们的项目证明了这一点，”她说)”可知，她觉得播客的效果显著，所以它是值得做的。故选A项。
第二节
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether you want to impress a new teacher, or just chat with a new acquaintance, knowing how to start a conversation can help you feel more comfortable and confident.
____16____. To take an example, when you go into a room full of strangers, most people there are just like you in their hopes and fears. So when you approach someone to start a conversation, you’re helping him, because he wants someone to talk to as much as you do. ____17____, you can acknowledge and accept them, which will be to your advantage.
No matter what the situation is, you can find something positive to say. Comment on the weather, the food, or the event itself. Saying something as simple as you hope your conversation partner has a good time also is a good way to get a conversation rolling. People tend to respond better to a positive subject rather than a negative one. Staying positive also helps put others at ease. ____18____.
It can be difficult to try to talk to someone when it feels that you have little in common. In these situations, getting the other person to talk about his or her own interests, work, or expertise can be a useful way. ____19____, so expressing a genuine interest in the things that other people enjoy can be excellent fuel for a great conversation.
Learning how to start a conversation is an important skill that can help you build social connections. It can be difficult initially, particularly if you struggle with shyness or social anxiety. ____20____. The more often you start to interact with others, the stronger your conversational skills will become.
A. If you put the skills into practice
B. Instead of pushing your fears away
C. Everyone feels some level of fear in social situations
D. Eye contact will make your partner feel embarrassed
E. Try to think of every interaction as a practice session
F. People often enjoy talking about things they are passionate about
G. People will be more interested in continuing a conversation with you
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. G 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章给出了，在陌生的环境中，人感到恐惧时，开启交流的一些建议，让自己感觉更舒服、更自信。
【16题详解】
由下一句“To take an example, when you go into a room full of strangers, most people there are just like you in their hopes and fears. (举个例子，当你走进一个满是陌生人的房间时，那里的大多数人都和你一样充满希望和恐惧)”可知，通常情况下，面临一个完全陌生的环境时，每个人或多或少都有些许畏惧，承接下文，C选项“每个人在社交场合都会感到某种程度的恐惧”切题。故选C项。
【17题详解】
由上两句“To take an example, when you go into a room full of strangers, most people there are just like you in their hopes and fears. So when you approach someone to start a conversation, you’re helping him, because he wants someone to talk to as much as you do. (举个例子，当你走进一个满是陌生人的房间时，那里的大多数人都和你一样充满希望和恐惧。所以，当你接近某人开始谈话时，你是在帮助他，因为他和你一样希望有人和你交谈)”，可知通常情况下，面临一个完全陌生的环境时，每个人或多或少都有些许恐惧，这时需要去与人交流，这就可以打破恐惧（换句话说就是承认并接受恐惧）；后半句“you can acknowledge and accept them, which will be to your advantage (你可以承认并接受它们，这将对你有利)”可知，上文谈及社交场合的恐惧以及应对恐惧的做法（去与人交流），可知后半句讲的是承认并接受“恐惧”，那么该空很有可能在说反面情况，即不接受“恐惧”，承接上下文，B选项“不要把你的恐惧推开”切题。故选B项。
【18题详解】
由本段首句“No matter what the situation is, you can find something positive to say. (无论情况如何，你都可以找到一些积极的话来表达)”和上两句“People tend to respond better to a positive subject rather than a negative one. Staying positive also helps put others at ease. (人们倾向于对积极的话题做出更好的反应，而不是消极的话题。保持积极也有助于让他人放松)”可知，本段主要讲要找积极的话题来聊，说明了积极话题的好处（让他人放松），承接上文，G选项“人们会对继续与你交谈更感兴趣”体现了积极话题的好处。故选G项。
【19题详解】
由上一句“In these situations, getting the other person to talk about his or her own interests, work, or expertise can be a useful way. (在这些情况下，让另一个人谈论他或她自己的兴趣、工作或专业知识可能是一种有用的方式)”和后半句“so expressing a genuine interest in the things that other people enjoy can be excellent fuel for a great conversation (因此，表达对他人喜欢的事物的真正兴趣可以成为一次伟大对话的极好燃料)”可知，本段建议读者聊共同兴趣点，来开启一次很棒的对话，这是因为大家都喜欢聊自己喜欢的事情，聊自己喜欢的东西，对话当然进行的顺利，承接上下文，F选项“人们通常喜欢谈论他们热爱的事情”切题。故选F项。
【20题详解】
由上一句“It can be difficult initially, particularly if you struggle with shyness or social anxiety. (一开始可能会很困难，特别是当你与害羞或社交焦虑作斗争时)”和下一句“The more often you start to interact with others, the stronger your conversational skills will become. (你与他人互动的频率越高，你的会话能力就会越强)”可知，空前说一开始由于害羞和焦虑会很难开展谈话技巧，空后说练得越多，谈话技巧越强大，所以中间的过程需要反复的练习，把互动交流当成练习的机会，承接上下文，E选项“试着将每一次互动视为一次练习”切题。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During the past nine years, much of my spare time has been spent in taking things apart. I ____21____ fixing almost everything from electronics to vehicles.
I ____22____ discovered my love for taking things apart when I was eight. I was playing with one remote-controlled car when it ____23____ and broke into pieces, showing its inside ____24____. I had no idea what they were, but I was ____25____ by everything inside—the motors and circuit boards that made it ____26____. So I began to take apart all of my remote-controlled toys to ____27____ out their principles of movement.
As I got older, I understood how those parts ____28____. Then I realized that if I took something apart, I could use the pieces to make something else. That led to ____29____ many things, like an elevator for my building and motorized wooden boats, all _____30_____ electric motors and circuit boards. I guessed my _____31_____ for fixing things came from my father. Ever since I could hold a tool, I’ve followed him around, helping him _____32_____ things. Then he taught me not only how to repair things but how to build them.
When it was time for me to _____33_____ to repair cars, I immediately loved it. My first _____34_____ was an oil change. When it was done, I felt _____35_____. Since then, I’ve been proud of my knowledge of cars. Now, I can fix almost anything on a(n) _____36_____.
People always say, “You should choose your _____37_____ not based on money, but on what you love.” I’m lucky that I found my favorite occupation at such a _____38_____ age. I know becoming a(n) _____39_____ will give me the opportunity to take my interest in creating new things and _____40_____ it to the world.
21. A. suggest B. enjoy C. delay D. risk
22. A. initially B. scarcely C. also D. again
23. A. lay down B. fell down C. came up D. stood up
24. A. license B. wood C. buildings D. parts
25. A. harmed B. cheated C. drawn D. stuck
26. A. concentrate B. disappear C. fly D. move
27. A. let B. hold C. figure D. cut
28. A. faded B. burst C. cracked D. worked
29. A. purchasing B. explaining C. creating D. spotting
30. A. made from B. compared with C. intended for D. regarded as
31. A. demand B. responsibility C. love D. sympathy
32. A. repair B. find C. weigh D. collect
33. A. afford B. learn C. promise D. remember
34. A. equipment B. error C. project D. competition
35 A. blank B. content C. guilty D. curious
36. A. automobile B. board C. airplane D. wall
37. A. team B. career C. tour D. background
38. A. young B. mature C. middle D. later
39. A. pilot B. teacher C. actor D. engineer
40. A. add B. return C. turn D. apply
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小就对修理东西感兴趣，长大之后，将其作为自己的事业，想要成为一名工程师，创造出新的东西，并将其应用于世界。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢修理几乎所有的东西，从电子设备到汽车。A. suggest建议；B. enjoy享受，喜爱；C. delay延迟；D. risk冒……的风险。根据上文“During the past nine years, much of my spare time has been spent in taking things apart.”可知，在过去的九年里，我的大部分业余时间都花在拆开东西上，由此可知，我喜欢修理几乎所有的东西。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我八岁的时候，我开始发现我喜欢把东西拆开。A. initially开始，最初；B. scarcely勉强；C. also也；D. again再一次。根据上文内容可知，拆开东西并修理它们是我的爱好，再结合空格后“when I was eight”可知，句中说的是我这个爱好开始的时间，由此可知，当我八岁的时候，我开始发现我喜欢把东西拆开。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我正在玩一辆遥控车，它突然掉了下来，摔成了碎片，露出了里面的零件。A. lay down躺下；B. fell down跌倒，掉下；C. came up出现，发生；D. stood up站起来。根据句中“broke into pieces”可知，遥控车摔成了碎片，由此可知，应该是在玩的过程中，车子突然掉了下来，才摔成了碎片。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正在玩一辆遥控车，它突然掉了下来，摔成了碎片，露出了里面的零件。A. license许可证；B. wood木头；C. buildings建筑物；D. parts零件。根据句中“broke into pieces”和下文的“the motors and circuit boards”可知，遥控车摔成了碎片，露出了发动机和电路板，由此可知，这里指露出了里面的零件。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道它们是什么，但我被内部的一切吸引住了——使它运动的发动机和电路板。A. harmed伤害；B. cheated欺骗；C. drawn吸引；D. stuck插入。根据上文内容可知，拆开东西并修理它们是我的爱好，由此可知，我是被内部的零件吸引住了。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道它们是什么，但我被内部的一切吸引住了——使它移动的发动机和电路板。A. concentrate集中（注意力）；B. disappear消失；C. fly飞；D. move移动。根据句中“the motors and circuit boards”和生活常识可知，发动机和电路板是让遥控汽车移动的零件。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我开始拆开我所有的遥控玩具，为了弄清它们的运动原理。A. let让；B. hold抓住；C. figure计算，认为；D. cut切。根据句中“take apart all of my remote-controlled toys”和“their principles of movement”可知，我拆开所有的遥控玩具，是为了弄清它们的运动原理，“figure out”意为“弄清，理解”。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我明白了这些零件是如何运作的。A. faded褪色；B. burst爆发；C. cracked破裂；D. worked工作，运作。根据上文内容可知，我一直想弄清这些零件的运动原理，再结合句中“how those parts”可知，随着年龄的增长，我明白了这些零件是如何运作的。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这导致了许多东西的创造，比如我的大楼的电梯和机动木船，都是由电动机和电路板制成的。A. purchasing购买；B. explaining解释；C. creating创造；D. spotting看见，发现。根据上文“I could use the pieces to make something else”可知，我可以用这些零件做些别的东西，由此可知，句中指通过这些拆装获得的能力可以创造出许多东西，比如我的大楼的电梯和机动木船。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这导致了许多东西的创造，比如我的大楼的电梯和机动木船，都是由电动机和电路板制成的。A. made from由……制成；B. compared with和……比较；C. intended for想用于……；D. regarded as被视为……。根据上文“I could use the pieces to make something else”和空格后“electric motors and circuit boards”可知，用这些零件可以创造出了许多东西，我的大楼的电梯和机动木船都是由电动机和电路板制成的。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我猜我对修理东西的热爱来自我父亲。A. demand要求；B. responsibility责任；C. love爱；D. sympathy同情。根据上文“I _____ discovered my love for taking things apart when I was eight.”可知，我八岁时发现自己喜欢把东西拆开，由此可知，我对修理东西的是热爱的，这份热爱来自我父亲。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从我能拿着工具，我就一直跟在他周围，帮他修理东西。A. repair修理；B. find找到；C. weigh称重量；D. collect收集。根据下文“he taught me not only how to repair things”可知，父亲教我如何修理东西，由此可知，我一直跟在他周围，帮他修理东西。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到了学习修车的时候，我立刻爱上了它。A. afford买得起；B. learn学习；C. promise承诺；D. remember记得。根据下文“My first _____ was an oil change.”可知，我的第一个项目是换油，由此可知，我开始学习修车了。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的第一个项目是换油。A. equipment设备；B. error错误；C. project项目；D. competition竞赛。根据句中“an oil change”可知，我开始学习修车了，换油是我的第一个项目。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：完成后，我感到很满足。从那以后，我一直为我对汽车的了解而自豪。现在，我几乎可以修理汽车上的任何东西。A. blank不感兴趣的；B. content满足的；C. guilty内疚的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“I’ve been proud of my knowledge of cars”可知，我一直为我对汽车的了解而自豪，由此可知，当我完成给汽车换油的项目后，感到很满足。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：完成后，我感到很满足。从那以后，我一直为我对汽车的了解而自豪。现在，我几乎可以修理汽车上的任何东西。A. automobile汽车；B. board木板；C. airplane飞机；D. wall墙。根据上文“I’ve been proud of my knowledge of cars”可知，我对汽车的修理很了解，由此可知，我几乎可以修理汽车上的任何东西。故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们总是说，“你应该选择你的职业，不是基于金钱，而是基于你所爱的东西。”A. team团队；B. career职业；C. tour旅行；D. background背景。根据下文“I’m lucky that I found my favorite occupation at such a _____ age.”中的“occupation”可知，句中指的应该是选择你的职业，应该基于你所爱的东西。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运，在这么小的时候就找到了我最喜欢的职业。A. young年轻的，岁数不大的；B. mature成熟的；C. middle中间的；D. later后来的。根据上文“I _____ discovered my love for taking things apart when I was eight.”可知，当我八岁的时候，就发现了喜欢做的事，由此可知，我在很年轻的年纪就找到了最喜欢的职业。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道成为一名工程师会让我有机会对创造新事物感兴趣，并将其应用于世界。A. pilot飞行员；B. teacher教师；C. actor男演员；D. engineer工程师。根据上文“I _____ fixing almost everything from electronics to vehicles.”可知，我喜欢修理几乎所有的东西，从电子设备到汽车，由此可知，我想成为的应该是工程师，工程师会让我有机会创造新事物。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道成为一名工程师会让我有机会对创造新事物感兴趣，并将其应用于世界。A. add添加；B. return返回；C. turn转动；D. apply应用。根据句中“new things”可知，人们创造的新事物应该被应用于整个世界，“apply sth. to…”意为“把……应用于……”。故选D项。
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sugar cane cultivation(甘蔗种植) originated in southwest Asia, where Marco Polo reported in his ____41____ (know) journals that the Chinese used dark brown sugar freely without additional refining(提炼). Sugar can cultivation spread from southwest Asia ____42____ the Middle East and the Mediterranean trade circle in the twelfth and thirteenth ____43____ (century).
In the fourteenth century, the island of Cyprus was the location of major sugar farms, ____44____ (use) Syrian and Arab slaves as labor. Sugar cane cultivation was made a science in the fifteenth century in Sicily, with the ____45____ (invent) of the roller mill to speed up ____46____ process. In those times, brown sugar was a byproduct of sugar refining, and wasn't used widely in cooking ____47____ the people in the sixteenth century found its real value.
Brown sugar ____48____ (come) into popular use with the rise of European sugar plantations in the Caribbean in the 1700s It was widely used as a sweetener in English and ____49____ (it) colonies(殖民地) because it was much ____50____ (cheap) than white sugar. The use and export of brown sugar from islands rose with the trade.
【答案】41. known
42. to 43. centuries
44. using 45. invention
46. the 47. until
48. came 49. its
50. cheaper
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了甘蔗种植的发展历史及糖的发现和制糖的发展。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：甘蔗种植起源于亚洲西南部，马可·波罗在他的著名期刊上报道说，中国人免费使用深红糖，无需额外精炼。分析句子成分，此处用形容词作前置定语，修饰后面名词journals，known著名的，过去分词形式相当于形容词，符合题意。故填known。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：糖罐种植在十二和十三世纪从亚洲西南部传播到中东和地中海贸易圈。from...to...意为“从……到……”，固定搭配。故填to。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：糖罐种植在十二和十三世纪从亚洲西南部传播到中东和地中海贸易圈。由in the twelfth and thirteenth，可知century用复数形式，centuries世纪，符合题意。故填centuries。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在十四世纪，塞浦路斯岛是主要糖厂的所在地，使用叙利亚和阿拉伯奴隶作为劳动力。分析句子结构，此处与上文sugar farms构成主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语。故填using。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：甘蔗种植在十五世纪的西西里岛成为一门科学，发明了辊磨机来加速这一过程。根据此处前面介词with和后面介词of，可推断用名词形式，invention发明，符合题意。故填invention。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。句意：句意：甘蔗种植在十五世纪的西西里岛成为一门科学，发明了辊磨机来加速这一过程。定冠词the在此处特指名词process，特指“这一过程”。故填the。
【47题详解】
考查连词。句意：在那个时代，红糖是制糖的副产品，直到16世纪的人们发现它的真正价值，红糖才被广泛用于烹饪。根据句子结构分析，not...until...在此处引导时间状语从句，意为“直到……才……”，固定搭配。故填until。
【48题详解】
考查动词。句意：18世纪，随着加勒比地区欧洲糖业种植园的兴起，红糖开始广泛使用。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，结合时间状语in the 1700s，时态用一般过去时。故填came。
【49题详解】
考查代词。句意：它在英国及其殖民地被广泛用作甜味剂，因为它比白糖便宜得多。此处修饰后面名词colonies(殖民地)，作前置定语，用it的形容词性物主代词，its它的, 符合题意。故填its。
【50题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：它在英国及其殖民地被广泛用作甜味剂， 因为它比白糖便宜得多。根据此处后than，可知用形容词cheap的比较级，cheaper更便宜的，符合题意。故填cheaper。
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My family is a close one. We always spent much time together. On weekdays, my brothers and I have the lunch with our mother. At night, we talk about our day over dinner. Although my father is often tiring after work, he attentively listens what my brothers and I say. Sometimes, he gives us his advices, too. On weekends, we like to go hiking together. Nature reserves are when we often go. Our parents are energetic so they have no difficulty keep up with my brothers and me. My father once said he'd take ourselves overseas the next year. And the spread of COVID-19 in the world has make it impossibly. I hope the epidemic will end soon.
【答案】1. spent→spend
2. 删除lunch前面的the
3. tiring→tired
4. listens后面加to
5. advices→advice
6. when→where
7. keep→keeping
8. ourselves→us
9. And→But
10. impossibly→impossible
【解析】
【详解】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了自己一家人的爱好和活动。
1. 考查时态。句意：我们常常在一起度过时间。根据副词always可知，此处应该用一般现在时表示经常性的动作。故将spent改为spend。
2. 考查冠词。句意：我和我的兄弟们一起和妈妈吃午餐。固定搭配have lunch意为“吃午餐”。故删除lunch前面的the。
3. 考查形容词。句意：尽管父亲下班后很累，他还是认真听我们的谈论。形容词tired在此处修饰人，意为“感到疲倦的”。故将tiring改为tired。
4. 考查介词。句意：尽管父亲下班后很累，他还是认真听我们的谈论。固定搭配listen to意为“听”。故在listens后面加to。
5. 考查名词。句意：有时，他也给我们他的建议。advice是不可数名词。故将advices改为advice。
6. 考查名词性从句。句意：自然保护区是我们常去的地方。分析句子可知，此处考查表语从句，where在从句中作地点状语。故将when改为where。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的父母精力充沛，因此他们赶上我们兄弟几个毫不费力。 have no difficulty (in) doing sth意为“做某事没困难”。故将keep改为keeping。
8. 考查代词。句意：父亲曾经说过第二年带我们去国外。作take的宾语，人称代词应该用宾格。故将ourselves改为us。
9. 考查连词。句意：但是由于世界范围内新冠病毒的蔓延使这个计划变得不可能。根据句意可知，此处应该用but连接两个并列句，表转折。故将And改为But 。
10.考查形容词。句意：但是由于世界范围内新冠病毒的蔓延使这个计划变得不可能。分析句子可知，此处应该用形容词作宾补。故将impossibly改为impossible。
第二节 书面表达
52. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“How to Treat Failure”为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.分析失败对我们的影响
2.提出对待失败的一些建议
注意：
1.词数100左右
2.题目已为你写好
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
How to Treat Failure
Failure cannot be avoided as we grow up. Therefore, how to treat failure is very important. Undoubtedly, no one likes failure. It means negativity of us, making us feel down and even bringing terrible consequences, some of which we can’t bear. However, we should also see the good effects of failure. Failure in study can help us find our inadequacy in time. Failure in relationships can help us understand ourselves better. Actually, failure can make us stronger.
So we can cry when meeting with failure, but stay positive. We can be depressed, but don’t forget to ask others for help. We can even give up, but remember there’s a wonderful world waiting for us.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“How to Treat Failure”为题写一篇发言稿，分析失败对我们的影响并提出对待失败的一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
沮丧的：down→upset
严重的，可怕的：terrible→serious
缺点，不足：inadequacy→weakness
向某人求助：ask sb. for help→turn to sb. for help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Failure in study can help us find our inadequacy in time.
拓展句：Failure in study can help us find our inadequacy in time, which makes us study better.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Failure cannot be avoided as we grow up.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】So we can cry when meeting with failure, but stay positive.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
