高考英语二轮专题：虚拟语气课件（30张PPT）

(共30张PPT)
If the safety protections had been taken against the accident, the miners ________ (have) a chance to survive then.
-- Have you told Mary the bad news
--Yes, but I would rather ______ (tell) when I saw her sad face.
3. If it _____ (be not) for the fact that she was seriously injured in the accident, she might have taken apart in the competition.
4. 如果你刚才听了我的建议，你现在就感觉好多了。
would have had 2. hadn’t (told) 3. hadn’t been
If you had just followed my advice , you would be better now.
Subjunctive Mood
虚拟语气
GRAMMER 语法
Definition
虚拟语气（Subjunctive mood）
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等，区别于真实条件句。
If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.
( )
2. If I were you, I would go at once.
( )
真实
虚拟
一、虚拟语气在
“if”条件句中的用法
*
If I were you , I would study hard.
If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.
If I lived on the moon at present, I might see the beauty—Chang’e.
If…________sth,… ________________ sth.
did/were
（过去式）
would/could/
might/should do
（动词原形）
1. 与现在事实相反
*
If you had attended the meeting yesterday, you would have met her.
If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved.
If …______ sth, … ________________ sth.
2. 与过去事实相反
had done
（过去完成）
would/could/might/should
have done
（现在完成）
*
If I had time next week, I would help you.
If I should have time next week, I would help you.
If I were to have time next week, I would help you.
If…_______sth.,… _______________sth..
would/could/
might/should + do
3. 与将来事实相反
did/were
were to do
should do
*
1、一般条件句中的虚拟语气
时 间 If 条件从句 主 句
与过去事实相反 had done would
should +have done sth.
could
might
与现在事实相反 助动词 be用 were;
实义动词 do 用 did would
should + do sth.
could
might
与将来事实相反 1.should do
2.were to do
3.did / were
would
should + do sth.
could
might
*
would be
1.If everyone __________(live) a low-carbon life now, the earth _________(be) saved.
lived
*
2.If he _________ (drive) more carefully,
he______________________ (not have) an accident yesterday.
had driven
would not have had
*
3.If you _______________________(get) a full mark (满分)next time, I_____________ (treat) you to candies.
got/were to get /should get
would treat
Mark: 100
*
省略if 的虚拟句
当if 条件状语从句中含有助动词should, had或were时,则可省去连词if, 而将should, had或were置于句首,从而构成倒装,意义不变。
If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
If you should need more information, I would help you.
If I were you, I would marry him.
Were
Should
Had
*
二、虚拟语气在
名词性从句中的用法
*
主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。
宾语从句中的虚拟语气
常见动词：
一个坚持：insist
两个命令：order, command
三个要求：demand , require, request,
四个建议：advise, suggest, propose, recommend
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should +do，或者将should省略。
*
1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。
2.他坚决要求我到场。
3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。
4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
1. We suggested that Tom
2. He insisted that I present.
4. They requested that we
3. The king ordered that the prisoners
(should) have a rest.
(should) be
(should) be killed
the next day.
(should) send them
to work there.
*
2. 主语从句中的虚拟语气
It is
+ that 从句
(should) + 动词原形
suggested
requested
demanded
ordered
desired
proposed
advised
insisted
e.g.
It’s suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.
*
1. We suggested that Tom
2. He insisted that I present.
4. They requested that we
3. The king ordered that the prisoners
(should) have a rest.
(should) be
(should) be killed
the next day.
(should) send them
to work there.
将句子改写成主语从句。
*
3. 表语从句中的虚拟语气
在advice, demand, order, proposal, request,
suggestion 等后面的表语从句中:
e.g.
1. My advice is that he wait till next week.
2. Her suggestion is that we (should) learn all the texts by heart.
3. The general’s order was that all the soldiers reach the border in ten hours.
*
4. 同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在advice, demand, order, proposal, request,
suggestion 等后面的同位语从句中。
1. We all agree to his suggestion that we go to the Happy Valley for an outing.
2. Order came that the soldiers be sent to the border.
3. Here is the doctor’s advice that you should take the medicine 4 times a day.
*
三、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法
*
wish
+ did/were (与现在事实相反的情况 )
+ had done (与过去事实相反)
1）wish + 宾语从句
*
I wish I were a bird. (现在)
I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.
(过去)
2）would rather that -
现在：
过去：
I would rather they didn’t know the news.. (现在)
I would rather you had gone, too. (过去)
I would rather go out than do my homework. (非虚拟)
过去时
过去完成时
*
3）as if /though +从句
现在：
过去：
过去时
过去完成时
He looks as if he were drunk.
They talked as if they had been friends for years.
She loves the baby as if it were her own son.
It seems as if it were spring.
I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.
*
4) It’s high time +that -
should +do
过去时
你该走了。
我们该睡觉了。
It’s high time that you went.
It’s high time that you should go.
It’s time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed.
*
5)含蓄条件句
不是用条件句，而是由 介词短语或上下文来表示某种假设．
without…, but for… 要不是… otherwise否则
But for your help, we couldn’t have succeeded.
2. Without your help, I wouldn’t have passed the exam.
If it hadn’t been for your help
3. She wasn’t feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early.
*
6）If only …(要是…就好了)
e.g.
1. If only I knew his name!
2. If only we had followed your advice!
3. If only I could see him again!
*
补充：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：
假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。
1. If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing better.
2. If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.
*
They might not have regarded me as their friend when we worked together.
You shouldn’t have told her the truth.
You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.
*
The old lady insisted that the young man had stolen her wallet and that he (should) be sent to the police station.
If she had followed a healthy lifestyle when young, she would be in a better physical state now.
Children often wish they were be grown-ups while the elderly wish to be young.
*
1 spoke
2 are made up
3 would give
4 had changed
5 are shown
6 will find
7 type
8 to realize
9 thinking
10 Losing
11 informed
12 allowing
13 could have performed
14 shall
15 hadn’t told
*
1 preparing
2 had never had
3 consumed
4 starve
5 continued
6 should
7 had eaten
8 started
9 Having finished
10 presented
1 exists
2 to understand
3 the
4 from/against
5 which
6 Fortunately
7 be treated
8 their
9 faced
10 effective