2022届高考英语专题复习完形填空满分解题思路 课件（63张ppt)

(共63张PPT)
高考英语完形填空满分解题思路
目录
Catalog
1.完型填空题型特点
2. 完形填空解题技巧
What do you see
What do you see
What do you see
格式塔心理学（Gestalt Psycology）又叫完形心理学，人们观察物体形状时, 下意识地把不连贯的空缺的部分填补上，把它看成一个完整的形状。
英语完形填空 基于格式塔理论，选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文语言通顺，前后连贯，结构完整，遵循在“情境”中考查考生分析和解决问题的能力。
一.完形填空题型特点
完形填空主题语境
人与自我
(human and self) 学习与生活
做人与做事
人与社会
(human and society)
社会服务与人际沟通
文学、艺术与体育
历史、社会与文化
科学与技术
人与自然
(human and nature)
自然生态
环境保护
灾害防范
宇宙探索
完形填空文章体裁
体裁类型 文章特点
记叙文
(narrative writing) 结构完整，逻辑严密
叙议文
(narrative and argumentative)
说明文
(expository writing)
完形填空语料特点
语言地道 (authentic language)
语料真实 (original source)
传播正能量 (be positive)
聚焦中国元素 (Chinese elements)
具有国际视野 (international views)
完形填空词汇来源
80个选项的词汇通常来源于考纲3500词汇
启示 1. 重点识记考纲中的四大词类：动、名、形、副
2. 确保见词识义
3. 牢记构词法
第二部分
高考英语完形填空解题技巧
完形填空解题原则
原则1 精准理解
原则2 有据可依
原则3 先易后难
完形填空解题顺序
第一步 细读首句，摸清文路（1 min）
第二步 速览全文，把握大意（2 min）
第三步 瞻前顾后，准确选择（10 min）
第四步 复核全文，调整答案（2 min）
句内层次题
句组层次题
语篇层次题
完形填空题型特点
1、句内层次题
句内层次类题目
是指通过阅读空格所处的那一句话即可找出答案的题目。
My 10－year－old noticed him and made a _____ on how bad it must be to have to stand outside in the cold wind.
43．A. suggestion　　　 B．comment
C．decision D．call
1、句内层次题
My 10－year－old noticed him and made a _____ on how bad it must be to have to stand outside in the cold wind.
43．A. suggestion　　　 B．comment
C．decision D．call
【解析】　根据后面how bad it must be...可知，这个十岁的孩子是对这个人的行为作出了评论(comment)。make a comment on对……作出评论，符合语境。make a suggestion 提建议；make a decision作决定；make a call打电话。
2、句组层次题
句组层次类题目
通过阅读空格所处的那一句话不能找出正确答案，需要结合题目所在句子以外的句子(句组)才可找出答案的题目。
When we handed him the bag of food，he lit up and thanked us with ______ eyes. When I handed him the gift card，saying he could use it for whatever his family might need，he burst into tears.
53．A. sleepy B．watery C．curious D．sharp
2、句组层次题
When we handed him the bag of food，he lit up and thanked us with ______ eyes. When I handed him the gift card，saying he could use it for whatever his family might need，he burst into tears.
53．A. sleepy B．watery C．curious D．Sharp
【解析】　根据后文的he burst into tears可知，看到食物，那个人眼睛湿润(watery)了。sleepy困乏的；curious好奇的；sharp敏捷的。
3、语篇层次题
语篇层次类题目
指无法在句内或句组确定答案，需要结合整个语篇才能找到正确答案的题目。
But it may well be that the learning you really want lies somewhere else instead. I had the chance of seeing this first hand on a _______．
...
This led to some painful experiences on Saturday as they played against teams better trained.
...
It seemed that something clicked with the girls between Saturday and Sunday.
24．A.trip B．Holiday C．weekend D．square
3、语篇层次题
But it may well be that the learning you really want lies somewhere else instead. I had the chance of seeing this first hand on a _______．
...
This led to some painful experiences on Saturday as they played against teams better trained.
...
It seemed that something clicked with the girls between Saturday and Sunday.
24．A.trip B．Holiday C．weekend D．square
【解析】　根据下文中的Saturday和between Saturday and Sunday这些信息可知，她们踢球的时候是周末(weekend)。trip旅游，holiday假日，square广场，均不能在文中找到与之相关的信息。
完形填空解题技巧一：利用文章首句解题
完形填空首句一般不设空，依据首句所给的信息可以看出文章的主旨大意。
文章首句是完形填空做题的切入点，开始几个空与首句有密切关系。
典句1：A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to the right woman.
典句2 ：When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry,　41　number!” and move on.
典句3 ：The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March— 　41　 six months out of the year.
a free air ticket; the right woman
a text message from an unknown person
The small town does not get direct sunligh
典句1：
典句2：
典句3：
开门见山，直奔主题
首句包含关键词：
三问首句知方向
What Why How
What happened to the Toronto man
Why is he offering a free air ticket to the right woman
How will the story go
三问首句知方向
What Why How
What happens to the small town
Why is the small town unable to get direct sunlight
How will the problem be solved
三问首句知方向
What Why How
What happened to the unknown person
Why did the person send the text message
How will the receiver deal with the message
完形填空解题技巧二：利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语境衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等形式，重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，我们可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。
But that changed when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan received their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to use. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that directs them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close during windy weather.
46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras
1.原词复现
1.原词复现
But that changed when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan received their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to use. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that directs them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close during windy weather.
46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras
第2段: I learned this lesson from a(n)_______many years ago…
第6段: From the experience I learned a lot about how the
attitude of the leader can affect the members of a team.
A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show
第2段: I learned this lesson from a(n)_______many years ago…
第6段: From the experience I learned a lot about how the
attitude of the leader can affect the members of a team.
A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show
Tales of the supernatural are common in all parts of Britain. In particular, there was (and perhaps still is) a belief in fairies(仙女). Not all of these_______are the friendly, people-loving characters that appear in Disney films, and…
A. babies B. believers C. fairies D. supermen
Tales of the supernatural are common in all parts of Britain. In particular, there was (and perhaps still is) a belief in fairies(仙女). Not all of these_______are the friendly, people-loving characters that appear in Disney films, and…
A. babies B. believers C. fairies D. supermen
2.同义词或近义词复现
Every year about 40, 000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They （bring） with them lots of waste. The 　42　 might damage the beauty of the place.
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
2.同义词或近义词复现
Every year about 40, 000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 　 （bring） with them lots of waste. The 　42　 might damage the beauty of the place.
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
3.反义词复现
Jeanne spoke______，and to encourage her to raise her voice，I had said，“Speak up. Simon’s the expert on this. He is the only one you have to convince，and he can’t hear you in the back of the room.”
33．A. quietly B．repeatedly C．quickly D．firmly
3.反义词复现
【解析】　由空后的to encourage her to raise her voice可知，珍妮是在轻声地(quietly)作报告，故A项正确。repeatedly重复地；quickly迅速地；firmly坚定地，均不合语境。
Jeanne spoke______ , and to encourage her to raise her voice, I had said, “Speak up. Simon’s the expert on this. He is the only one you have to convince , and he can’t hear you in the back of the room.”
33．A. quietly B．repeatedly C．quickly D．Firmly
Many are concerned that gifted children become bored and lose interest in learning. However, this____is more often from parents and teachers than from students.
4.同根词复现
A. concern B. conclusion C. reflection D. interest
Many are concerned that gifted children become bored and lose interest in learning. However, this____is more often from parents and teachers than from students.
4.同根词复现
A. concern B. conclusion C. reflection D. interest
完形填空解题技巧三：利用固定搭配或习惯用法解题
完形填空中经常会测试一些固定结构和固定句式，这时考生就需要用到习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。
It _____ me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle. Experience is the best teacher.
37．A.confused B．struck C．reminded D．warned
【解析】　It strikes/struck sb.that...“某人突然想起……”,是固定句式，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。这里的strike可以换成hit或occur to。confuse使困惑，remind提醒，warn警告，均与语境不符。
完形填空解题技巧四：利用逻辑关系解题
文章前后往往存在逻辑关系，表现为并列、选择、转折、递进、因果、让步、条件、解释等，这些关系是判断前后句子间语义联系的关键。
逻辑关系隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。利用逻辑关系，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而确定正确选项。
1.句中逻辑关系
The lessons they learned may not be ______ what they would have gotten in school，but are certainly more personal and meaningful，because they had to work them out on their own.
40．A.harmful to B.mixed with C. different from D.applied to
1.句中逻辑关系
The lessons they learned may not
be ______ what they would have gotten in school，but are certainly more personal and meaningful，because they had to work them out on their own.
40．A.harmful to B.mixed with C. different from D.applied to
【解析】　句意为“她们学到的经验可能与将在学校得到的并无区别(different from)，但一定更加个性化，更有意义，因为她们必须靠自己来弄清楚”。be harmful to对……有
害；be mixed with与……混合；be applied to应用于。
“We see the sky is 　43　, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a cloudy day. ”
43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
“We see the sky is 　43　, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a cloudy day. ”
43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
2. 句间逻辑关系
For legal reasons, most restaurants have a policy against giving away food waste. “Some people have even 　 46　 their jobs by giving me food, ” Dubanchet said.
46. A. did B. kept C. accepted D. risked
2. 句间逻辑关系
For legal reasons, most restaurants have a policy against giving away food waste. “Some people have even 　 46　 their jobs by giving me food, ” Dubanchet said.
46. A. did B. kept C. accepted D. risked
About 4,000 meters is the highland_______：gravel (砾石), stones and rocks.
A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
About 4,000 meters is the highland_______：gravel (砾石), stones and rocks.
A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
3. 段间逻辑关系
There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the 　36　 the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that’s precisely why one 　37　 Frenchman has caught our attention.
Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving entirely on discarded(丢弃)food.
36. A. cleverer　 B. older　　 C. stranger　 D. simpler
37. A. garbage-eating B. sports-loving
C. food-wasting D. law-breaking
3. 段间逻辑关系
There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the 　36　 the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that’s precisely why one 　37　 Frenchman has caught our attention.
Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving entirely on discarded(丢弃)food.
36. A. cleverer　 B. older　　C. stranger　D. simpler
37. A. garbage-eating B. sports-loving
C. food-wasting D. law-breaking
转折关系：
but, however, yet(然而), on the contrary, contrary to, contrarily, by(in) contrast (to), whereas, rather than, instead (of), unlike, in fact, actually, conversely
(2)让步关系：
although, as, though, even though(if), even, despite, in spite of, nevertheless, anyhow(anyway), as, while（虽然、尽管、即使）, still（尽管如此）
(3)总结关系：
in sum，in general, overall, to sum up , on the whole, generally
(4)举例：
for example , for instance , such as , including
10类逻辑关系词
(5) 因果关系：
because , in that ＋句子 表原因,
due to , thanks to , owing to＋名词 表原因,
since ,now that ,ever since＋句子 表原因;
because of, on account of, in response to ＋名词 表原因,
lead to, contribute to, result in＋名词 （前因后果）
so that, such that, in order that＋句子 (强调目的、结果的因果)
in view of, in the light of, by virtue of ＋名词 鉴于、由于
put down to, ascribe to, attribute to, owe to ＋名词 归因于
so, thus, hence, therefore, consequently (as a consequence/ as a result) ＋句子 （因此）
for, as, as a result of, with（由于，由于某种条件或原因的存在出现了某种结果）
10类逻辑关系词
(6)递进关系:
still, also, indeed, furthermore（进一步）, moreover（而且、此外） , highlighting（突出、强调）, even（甚至、更）, besides(注意区分except), additionally, in addition, what’s more
(7)条件关系:
if, provided/providing that, suppose, supposing, in case (of), in the event of, assume, so long as, unless, only if, when
10类逻辑关系词
(8)并列关系:
and（和）, as well as（也）, likewise（同样的）, while（与此同时） , similarly（类似地）, or（或者）, simultaneously（同时发生地）, meanwhile（同时 ）, in the meantime、neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, more…than
（9）列举:
first, then, on one hand, some…others…still others
（10）时间关系:
when, since, as, meanwhile, at the same time
10类逻辑关系词
完形填空解题技巧五：利用作者态度或感彩词解题
做完形填空快速阅读文章时，找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词、动词等。
这些词汇经常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
This has been a wonderful experience for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can help！Things would have played out so differently if I had simply said，“No，we really don’t have money to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in need，it also gave my kids the ________ taste of helping others.
60．A. strong B．sweet C．strange D．simple
This has been a wonderful experience for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can help！Things would have played out so differently if I had simply said，“No，we really don’t have money to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in need，it also gave my kids the ________ taste of helping others.
60．A. strong B．sweet C．strange D．simple
【解析】　根据句意和前文的叙述可知，帮助别人给孩子们带来了快乐甜蜜的滋味，所以选择sweet，而且该词与后面的taste搭配体现了这篇文章的中心思想——帮助别人，快乐自己。strong强壮的； strange奇怪的；simple简单的。
完形填空解题技巧六：利用生活常识和文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着相关的如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者思路阅读下去。
Looking back, I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone 　beyond what almost anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely 　35　.
35. A. longing B. enthusiastic C. concerned D. grateful
Looking back, I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone 　beyond what almost anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely 　35　.
35. A. longing B. enthusiastic C. concerned D. grateful
完形填空解题思路总结
速读
巧做
重视首句 判断问题 预测主题
快速浏览 了解线索 把握大意
逐句细读 寻找重复 情景还原
边读边填-扫除句内层次题
句句相连-扫除句组层次题
贯通全文-扫除语篇层次题
完形填空解题思路总结
技巧1 利用首句解题
技巧2 利用复现解题
技巧3 固搭与习语
技巧4 利用逻辑关系
技巧5 情感态度关键词
技巧6 文化背景常识
完形填空解题误区
误区1 缺乏语境意识
误区2 草率选择答案
误区3 忽视高考真题
误区4 忽视总结反思
误区5 忽视文化差异
THANK YOU
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