2022届高考英语备战必考特殊句式（一）感叹句讲义
文档属性
| 名称 | 2022届高考英语备战必考特殊句式（一）感叹句讲义 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 22.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-11-17 19:28:57 | ||
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文档简介
高考英语备战---必考特殊句式（一）感叹句
感叹句
一: 定义
感叹句是用来表达说话者说话时的惊异、喜悦、愤怒、气愤等思想感情的句子。
二:结构
1、由What引导的感叹句。
What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
eg. What an sweet apple it is!
What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
eg. What kind women they are!
举例
1.What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
例如：What a nice day it is!多么好的天气啊!
What an interesting book that is!那是一本多么有趣的书啊!
2.What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语!
例如：What beautiful flowers they are!多么美丽的花啊!
What good teachers they are!他们是多么好的老师啊!
2.由How引导的感叹句。
How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!
eg. How beautiful you are!
How +形容词+ a +单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
eg. How interesting a movie it is!
How +主语+谓语!
eg. How he worked!
举例
1.How +形容词+主语+谓语!
例如：How romantic they are!他们多么浪漫！
如果是想对某人做出某事做评论，则可以加上of+人。
即How+形容词+of+人（+to+动作）！
例如----I gave him 20 dollars to buy some food.
---How nice of you!
为了补充说明动作，可以加上to+动词。例如：How nice of you to do that!
2.How+副词+主语+谓语! 例如：How fast he runs!他跑得多快啊!
3How+主语+谓语! 例如：How time flies!光阴似箭!
4.How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!（此句式可与句式1进行转）换。例如：How old a building that is!(=What an old building that is!)
[特别提示]what或how引起的感叹句,在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。例如：What a good girl!多好的一个女孩子呀!
(备注：稍微不常见的情况，例如：
How tall you have grown!=You have grown so tall!你长得真高啊！
How proud you must be!=You must be so proud!你一定很骄傲吧！）
必考四大结构记牢
①What＋a/an＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!
②What＋adj.＋复数或不可数名词＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!
③How＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!
④How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!
例如：
①What a good boy you are!
②What good boys they are!
③How good a boy you are!
④How good you are!此考点看似比较简单，实际上，与从句题放在一起考时，有一定难度。
【例如】
① I know ______ good he is.
② I know ______ he did is good.在①中，答案为how，how good he is 是一个how 引导的感叹句；在②中，答案为what，what he did is good 是一个what引导的宾语从句 问题来了，如何区分how，what引导的是感叹句还是从句呢？
【答案】四个字，句！子！结！构！如果是感叹句，
牢记：4大结构如果是从句，what引导的，其后缺宾语或者主语，或者表语；how引导的，其后是一个符合五大基本结构完整的句子。
【经典考察】
（1）（2015年新课标卷Ⅱ）As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ______(70) thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
【答案】how；how thick the adobe needed to be符合④How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!结构，故填how；
（2）（2021年河南省天一联考）I recently spent a day in Hangzhou to see ______(65) easy it was to go cashless, and I found it somewhat ahead of other cities , including Beijing. I rode buses and subways, which all accept Alipay.【答案】how；how easy it is符合④How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语(系动词)! 结构，故填how；
此外，初中的恶人搭配要记牢！how long；how soon；how far；how often；how many；how much
【例句】
how long did he stay here？他在这里呆了多久How long is the river？这条河有多长？How often does he come here？他多久来这里一次？How soon will he be back？他多久之后会回来？How far is it from here to there？从这里到那里有多远。How many apples do you have？你有多少个苹果？How much water do you drink every day？
你每天喝多少水？How +结尾的都是问句，要牢记！
注意分区：How much I love you.How much does it cost
感叹句
一: 定义
感叹句是用来表达说话者说话时的惊异、喜悦、愤怒、气愤等思想感情的句子。
二:结构
1、由What引导的感叹句。
What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
eg. What an sweet apple it is!
What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
eg. What kind women they are!
举例
1.What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
例如：What a nice day it is!多么好的天气啊!
What an interesting book that is!那是一本多么有趣的书啊!
2.What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语!
例如：What beautiful flowers they are!多么美丽的花啊!
What good teachers they are!他们是多么好的老师啊!
2.由How引导的感叹句。
How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!
eg. How beautiful you are!
How +形容词+ a +单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
eg. How interesting a movie it is!
How +主语+谓语!
eg. How he worked!
举例
1.How +形容词+主语+谓语!
例如：How romantic they are!他们多么浪漫！
如果是想对某人做出某事做评论，则可以加上of+人。
即How+形容词+of+人（+to+动作）！
例如----I gave him 20 dollars to buy some food.
---How nice of you!
为了补充说明动作，可以加上to+动词。例如：How nice of you to do that!
2.How+副词+主语+谓语! 例如：How fast he runs!他跑得多快啊!
3How+主语+谓语! 例如：How time flies!光阴似箭!
4.How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!（此句式可与句式1进行转）换。例如：How old a building that is!(=What an old building that is!)
[特别提示]what或how引起的感叹句,在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。例如：What a good girl!多好的一个女孩子呀!
(备注：稍微不常见的情况，例如：
How tall you have grown!=You have grown so tall!你长得真高啊！
How proud you must be!=You must be so proud!你一定很骄傲吧！）
必考四大结构记牢
①What＋a/an＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!
②What＋adj.＋复数或不可数名词＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!
③How＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!
④How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!
例如：
①What a good boy you are!
②What good boys they are!
③How good a boy you are!
④How good you are!此考点看似比较简单，实际上，与从句题放在一起考时，有一定难度。
【例如】
① I know ______ good he is.
② I know ______ he did is good.在①中，答案为how，how good he is 是一个how 引导的感叹句；在②中，答案为what，what he did is good 是一个what引导的宾语从句 问题来了，如何区分how，what引导的是感叹句还是从句呢？
【答案】四个字，句！子！结！构！如果是感叹句，
牢记：4大结构如果是从句，what引导的，其后缺宾语或者主语，或者表语；how引导的，其后是一个符合五大基本结构完整的句子。
【经典考察】
（1）（2015年新课标卷Ⅱ）As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ______(70) thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
【答案】how；how thick the adobe needed to be符合④How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语(系动词)!结构，故填how；
（2）（2021年河南省天一联考）I recently spent a day in Hangzhou to see ______(65) easy it was to go cashless, and I found it somewhat ahead of other cities , including Beijing. I rode buses and subways, which all accept Alipay.【答案】how；how easy it is符合④How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语(系动词)! 结构，故填how；
此外，初中的恶人搭配要记牢！how long；how soon；how far；how often；how many；how much
【例句】
how long did he stay here？他在这里呆了多久How long is the river？这条河有多长？How often does he come here？他多久来这里一次？How soon will he be back？他多久之后会回来？How far is it from here to there？从这里到那里有多远。How many apples do you have？你有多少个苹果？How much water do you drink every day？
你每天喝多少水？How +结尾的都是问句，要牢记！
注意分区：How much I love you.How much does it cost