(共109张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language
速效提能演练
预习多维感知
Section Ⅲ
重点难点探究
预习多维感知
Step One：Ask and Discussion
Scan the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1．The main idea of the passage is________.
A．Lin Qiaozhi’s achievements as a doctor
B
B．that the writer was greatly inspired by Lin Qiaozhi and decided to study at a medical college
C．that Lin Qiaozhi helped lots of poor people in the countryside
D．why Lin Qiaozhi chose to be a doctor
2．A doctor should have some important qualities except being________.
A．kind B．considerate
C．hard working D．fashionable
D
3．The small book explaining how to cut the death rate is for the women who________.
A．care for babies
B．live in the countryside
C．will deliver a baby
D．need advice on medicine
B
4．Which of the following statements about Lin Qiaozhi is NOT true ____
A．She did some research on great women in China.
B．She wrote a book for women in the countryside about how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies.
A
C．She is a hard working woman with determination and gentle nature.
D．Her kindness and consideration made her succeed later.
5．From the passage we can infer that________.
A．in the early 20th century women didn’t have the same right as men in education
B．Lin Qiaozhi was a specialist because she was the cleverest lady of her time
A
C．as a university student，the writer decided to be a second Lin Qiaozhi
D．poor people in the countryside could never reach a doctor if they had an emergency
Step Two：Fast Reading
Read the text(P6)carefully and fill in the blanks.
I liked many subjects at school but had no idea which to study at university until one day I____________an article about Lin Qiaozhi，a doctor who lived from 1901 to 1983.
came across
Thanks to her hard work，____________and gentle nature，she managed to attend medical school.As a specialist in ____________diseases，she had devoted her whole life to her patients.
determination
women’s
What made her succeed was her kindness and ____________she showed to her patients.She had helped ____________about 50,000 babies safely.
consideration
deliver
I learnt from the article that once she wrote a small book ____________for women in the countryside which explained ways to cut the ____________when having and caring for babies.In addition，
intended
death rate
she once helped a(n)____________even when she was very tired after work.
I was so inspired by what Lin Qiaozhi had done that I decided to study ____________at college and __________her good work.
poor family
medicine
carry on
1.Many people look_down_upon poor people.
很多人看不起穷人。
重点难点探究
词汇精研
品味经典
①Her parents told her not to look down upon countrymen.
她的父母叫她不要瞧不起乡下人。
②I wish you wouldn’t look down upon this kind of work.
我希望你不要瞧不起这种工作。
自我探究
look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起。
归纳拓展
look forward to盼望，期待
look into调查；观察，向……里面看look on旁观,look on/upon...as...把……看作……
look out for... 注意，留意，留神
look sb.up and down上下打量某人look through浏览；看穿；审查
look up抬头看；查阅
look up to尊敬
③I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
我期待着您的回信。
④As I looked through the newspapers,I found some useful information.
我在浏览报纸时，发现了一些有用的信息。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我不敢失败，你明白，我害怕被看不起。
I dare not fail，you see，I am afraid __________________________.
of being looked down upon
(2)没有人喜欢被人瞧不起。
Nobodylikes______________________.
(3)老师把我们看成他的孩子。
Theteacher_______________________.
being looked down upon
looks on us as his children
2.If the word group refers_to different members，use a plural verb.
如果group指不同的成员，动词用复数形式。
品味经典
①Complete the exercise without referring to your notes.
请在不查阅笔记的情况下完成练习。
②His name was referred to at the meeting.
他的名字在会议中被提及。
③I referred to my watch for the exact time.
我看了一下表好知道准确时间。
④What I have to say refers to all of you.
我要说的事和你们大家都有关。
自我探究
refer to查阅；参考；谈到，提到；涉及。
归纳拓展
refer to...as...称……为……
reference n.提及；参考，查阅
⑤Johnson referred to the discovery as a major breakthrough in medical science.
约翰逊称这项发现是医学领域里的一个重大突破。
【注意】 refer to表示“查阅”时，可与consult换用，但不可与look up换用，表示“查某一个内容”时用look up。
⑥Don’t refer to/consult a dictionary while having an examination.
＝Don’t look up new words in a dictionary while having an examination.
考试时不准查词典。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)你的评论是针对我们所有人的吗？
Does your remark_________all of us
(2)你可以在词典里查这个单词的意思。
You can______________________to find the meaning of this word.
refer to
refer to the dictionary
(3)他谈到了玉树地震时他的一些经历。
He_________________________during the Yushu Earthquake.
referred to his experiences
用refer to和look up填空
(4)________________a dictionary about it.
(5)Please________________the word in the dictionary.
Refer to
look up
3.By_chance I came_across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi，a specialist in women’s diseases.
很偶然地，我看到了一篇关于妇产科专家林巧稚大夫的文章。
(1)by chance
品味经典
①I met one of my old friends on the street by chance.
我在街上碰巧遇到了一个老朋友。
②By chance he found the very book he was always looking for.
他偶然地发现了他一直在寻找的那本书。
自我探究
by chance碰巧；凑巧。
归纳拓展
同义短语：by accident 碰巧；凑巧反义短语：by design/on purpose 有意地，故意地
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)他是偶然打碎了花瓶，不是故意地。
He broke the vase_____________________，not____________________.
by chance/by accident
by design/on purpose
(2)come across
品味经典
①We came across a new phrase which none of us knew.
我们遇到了一个我们大家都不知道的新成语。
②I came across some old photos in the case.
我在箱子里偶然翻到了几张老照片。
自我探究
come across(偶然)遇见；碰见。
归纳拓展
come about发生
come along进展
come down下来
come over过来
come out出来；出版；开花
come to谈到；共计；苏醒
come up上升；被提出；出现
come up with 赶上；提出，想出
牛刀小试
完成句子
(2)前几天当我在超市购物时，与一位20年未见的老朋友不期而遇。
When I was doing shopping in the market the other day，I_____________________________，who I hadn’t met for twenty years.
came across an old friend of mine
(3)(2011年高考安徽卷)如果你发现你想要买的这辆自行车有瑕疵，但是你仍想买这辆，就让服务员降价。
If you ________________________but you still want the bicycle，ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
come across faults
4.It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring_for babies.
这是一本介绍如何从生小孩和照料小孩角度来降低死亡率的小书。
品味经典
①Who will care for the house while the family is away
全家都不在时，由谁照料这房子呢？
②I don’t care for coffee.
我不喜欢咖啡。
③Would you care for a drink
你想来点喝的吗？
自我探究
care for照顾，照料；喜欢；想要。
归纳拓展 care about介意，在乎；担忧
take care of 照顾，关心
④He doesn’t care about what he eats.
他对吃的东西并不计较。
牛刀小试
完成句子
我不喜欢排队站着，我讨厌这种事。
I don’t______________standing in the queue；I hate it.
care for
5.I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was_intended_for women in the countryside.
我仔细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是为农村妇女写的。
品味经典 ①This dictionary is intended for children only.
这本词典是专门给孩子们使用的。
②This gift is intended for you.
这件礼物是为你准备的。
自我探究
be intended for...为……而准备，专供……使用的。
归纳拓展 (1)intend vt.计划；打算
intend to do/ doing sth.打算做某事intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事
intend sb./sth.for打算使……成为；想让……从事某事
intend that...打算……
be intended to do sth.为了做某事 (2)had intended to do sth.＝intended to have done sth. 过去本打算做某事但没有做成
③What do you intend doing/to do
你打算做什么？
④Let’s ask him what he intends us to do.
咱们去问问他打算让我们做什么。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)这本是个意外的惊喜，我不想让你这么早就看到的。
It was meant to be an unexpected surprise；I didn’t_________________ it so soon.
intend you to see
(2)这种自行车是专为身材过高的人设计的。
This kind of bicycle__________________people who is too tall.
is intended for
(3)我本来打算赶早班的火车，但没及时起床。
I____________________the early train,but I didn’t get up in time.
(4)他们要去，但总统建议让她去。
They intended________，but the president__________________________.
had intended to catch
going
intended that she (should) go
6 .That was a generation when girls’education was always placed second_to boys’．
那是一个女孩子的教育总是放在男孩子之后的年代。
品味经典
①Mrs.Green’s career was second only to her family.
格林夫人把事业放在仅次于家庭的位置。
②His composition is second to none in his class.
他的作文在他班里是最好的。
自我探究 second to次于。
归纳拓展
second to none最好的，首屈一指的next to紧挨着；次于；几乎
be equal to与……相同；胜任
③The boy sat next to his mother.
男孩坐在他妈妈旁边。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)在数学方面，他是班上首屈一指的。
He_____________________of his class in maths.
(2)在绘画比赛中，我仅次于约翰。
I________________John in the painting competition.
is second/next to none
am second/next to
7.What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients.
后来，让她成功的是她对所有病人献出的爱心和体贴。
品味经典 ①John never showed any consideration for his mother’s feelings.
约翰从来都不体谅他母亲的感情。
②He showed great consideration for his wife.
他非常体贴他的妻子。
③Your suggestion is under consideration.
你的建议正在考虑中。
自我探究 consideration n．[U]体谅；考虑。
归纳拓展
under consideration 在考虑中take...into consideration 将……考虑在内
considering prep.考虑到；鉴于considerate adj.考虑周到的，体贴的
牛刀小试 用consider的适当形式填空
(1)The teacher said he would take the request of the students into______________.
(2)It was____________of you not to play the piano while I was asleep.
consideration
considerate
(3)____________the strength of the opposition，we did very well to score two goals.
Considering
8.There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi，tired after a day’s work，went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.
数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚是如何在劳累一天之后，又在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生，而这些家庭是不可能给她报酬的。
品味经典 ①The doctor delivered her of a baby.
医生为她接生了一个婴儿。
②His wife delivered twins last night.
昨晚他妻子生了双胞胎。
③A postman is a man who delivers letters and parcels.
邮差就是投递信件和包裹的人。
④He delivered an important report at the meeting.
他在会上作了重要报告。
自我探究
deliver vt.接生；生(小孩儿)；递送；发表(演说等)。
归纳拓展
deliver a baby 生孩子
be delivered of a baby＝give birth to a baby 生孩子
deliver sth （to sb.）投递/传送某物（给某人）
deliver a speech/lecture 发表演说delivery n.交付；递进；分娩)
巧学助记
多义的deliver
牛刀小试 完成句子
(1)Do you have your milk______________(让人送)
(2)We promise__________________________(送货上门) within 48 hours.
delivered
to deliver goods to your door
(3)The professor is going to________________(讲话) at the meeting.
(4)She________________(生下) a healthy baby.
deliver a speech
delivered
9.Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry_on her good work
为什么不像林巧稚一样学医学，继续她的事业呢？
品味经典
①Let’s carry on our discussion.
让我们继续讨论吧。
②We must carry on in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
我们必须坚持下去，尽管条件极其困难。
自我探究 carry on继续；坚持。
归纳拓展
carry on( with) sth.继续做某事
carry on doing sth. 继续做某事
carry away拿走；掠走
carry out履行；实行；执行；进行carry off 获得,carry through使渡过难关；达成；贯彻
③Please carry on (with) your work.
请继续做你的工作。
④She carried on peeling the potatoes.
她不停地削土豆皮。
⑤The rubbish must be carried away.
垃圾必须被运走。
⑥He did not carry out his promise to us.
他没有实现对我们许下的诺言。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)如果你坚持不懈，总有一天好的事情会发生。
________________，something good will happen one day.
If you carry on
(2)如果你继续那样驾驶，你会出事故的。
You’ll have an accident if you carry on________like that.
(3)无论如何，我们应当坚持研究。
In any case，we should carry on________our research.
driving
with
10.It_seemed_that she had been very busy in her chosen career，travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.
她似乎一直都在为自己选择的事业而忙碌，除了写书、写文章，还要出国学习研究。
句型巧析
品味经典
①It seemed that he hadn’t received my letter.
看起来他好像没有收到我的信。
②It seemed that she knew what he was doing.
她似乎知道他正在做的事情。
自我探究
It seems/seemed that...句型意思是“看起来好像……；似乎……”，其中it为连系动词seems/seemed的主语，本身无词义，that引导一个表语从句。
归纳拓展
it作主语与形式主语的不同
it用作动词seem，look，appear等的主语，后常跟that从句或as if从句，这和it作形式主语的用法不同，不能换成以that从句或as if从句作主语的句型。
③It is strange that he is so late.(＝That he is so late is strange.)
真奇怪，他迟了这么久。(it用作形式主语，that引导主语从句)
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)似乎没有人真正知道他去了哪里。
________________ no one really knows where he has gone.
It seems that
(2)她似乎对他们在讨论的话题不感兴趣。
________________ she was not interested in the topic they were talking about.
It seemed that
11.Suddenly it_hit_me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.
我突然想到在那时对于一位妇女来说从事医学是多么的困难啊。
品味经典
①Suddenly the idea hit me when I woke up this morning.
我今天早晨醒来时突然想到了这个主意。
②It hit me all of a sudden that I had forgotten her birthday.
我突然想起我把她的生日给忘了。
自我探究
it hit me...意为“我突然想到……”，其中it为形式主语。
归纳拓展
It occurs to sb....某人突然想到……
It strikes sb....某人突然感/想到……
③It struck me that nobody was in favour of the change.
我突然感到没有人赞成这种改变。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)你当时没想到他在撒谎吗？
________________ you that he was lying
Didn’t it occur to
(2)我突然想到一个好主意。
A good idea ______________________.
(3)他突然感到他们在捉弄他。
__________________ they were playing a trick on him.
hit/occurred to/struck me
It hit him that
WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK
I enjoyed English，biology，and chemistry at school，but which one should I choose to study at university
译文助读
I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China.
By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi，a specialist in women’s diseases.
She lived from 1901 to 1983.It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career，travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.
One of them caught my eye. It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies.She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean，healthy and free from sickness.
Why did she write that Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside. Perhaps if they had an emergency they could not reach a doctor.
Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time. That was a generation when girls’ education was always placed second to boys’．Was she so much cleverer than anyone else
Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients.There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi，
tired after a day’s work，went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.
By now I could not wait to find out more about her.I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi had devoted her whole life to her patients and had chosen not to have a family of her own.
Instead she made sure that about 50,000 babies were safely delivered.By this time I was very excited.Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work？
It was still not too late for me to improve my studies，prepare for the university entrance examinations，and...
为什么不继续她的事业？
在学校我喜欢英语、生物和化学，但是在大学我应该选择什么专业呢？直到有一天晚上坐在电脑前研究中国伟大女性时，我才有了答案。
恰巧我看到了一篇关于林巧稚医生的文章，她是一位妇科病专家。她1901年出生，1983年去世。她似乎一直都在为自己选择的事业奔忙，赴国外留学，写了许多书和文章。其中一本书引起了我的注意。
这是一本介绍如何从妇女怀孕到护理婴儿的过程中降低死亡率的小书。她提出了一些简单规则供人们遵循，保持婴儿清洁和健康,让他们免除疾病。林巧稚为什么写这个呢？她认为什么样的妇女会需要这些建议呢？我仔细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是为农村妇女写的。
或许，在遇到紧急情况时她们找不到医生。
突然我想起，在那个年代一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。那是一个女子教育一直排在男子教育之后的年代。难道她比别人都聪明得多吗？进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。
她对病人的爱心和体贴造就了她后来的成功。数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后，又在深夜去为贫困家庭的产妇接生，而这些家庭是不可能给她报酬的。
现在我迫不及待地想多了解更多关于她的情况。我发现林巧稚把毕生都献给了病人,而自己却选择了独身。她确保了大约50 000个孩子的平安出生。现在我非常激动。为什么不像林巧稚一样学医学，继续她的事业呢？我现在努力提高学习成绩准备高考还不晚,并且……
速效提能演练
本部分内容讲解结束
点此进入课件目录
按ESC键退出全屏播放
谢谢使用(共136张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading－Language Points
速效提能演练
Unit 1
重点难点探究
Section Ⅱ
重点难点探究
词汇精研
1.Women of achievement有卓越成就的女性
品味经典
①A man of great achievements is never limited to a narrow field.
一个卓有成就的人绝对不会局限于一个狭隘的领域。
②Winning three gold medals is a great achievement.
赢得三枚金牌是个了不起的成绩。
自我探究
achievement n．[C]成就；功绩[U]实现；达到。
归纳拓展
achieve vt.完成；达到
③She is willing to achieve her plan at any cost.
她愿意不惜任何代价来完成自己的计划。
④His laziness makes it impossible for him to achieve success.
他的懒惰使他不可能成功。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)他们对孩子们的成绩感到自豪。
They were proud of_______________________________.
(2)没有人能够不努力而有所成就。
No one can________________without effort.
their children’s achievements
achieve anything
2.She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education.
她帮助改善监狱条件，并为犯人提供工作和受教育的机会。
品味经典
①My car is old but in good condition.
我的车虽旧，但车况良好。
②I agreed to the conditions of the contract.
我同意这项合同的条件。
③The experiment must be done under laboratory conditions.
这项试验必须在实验室环境下进行。
自我探究
condition n．状况，状态；条件，环境，情况(常用复数)。
归纳拓展
on this condition 在这一条件下
be in condition 身体好，健康
be out of condition 健康状况不佳
on condition that...在……条件下，假如
on no condition 决不
【注意】 condition指人或物自身的状况时，常用作不可数名词，而指某人周围的环境、状况、条件时常用复数。
④Although his living conditions are very bad，the old man is in very good condition.
虽然这位老人的生活条件非常糟糕，但他的健康状况非常好。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)You can use my car____________________(条件是) you must be careful while driving.
(2)I can’t go climbing this summer，for I’m________________(健康状况欠佳)．
on condition that
out of condition
(3)Her parents allowed her to go，but_____________________(以……为条件) she should get home before midnight.
made it a condition that
3.Her research showed the connections between chimps and human beings.
她的研究揭示了黑猩猩和人类的关系。
品味经典
①Is there a connection between smoking and lung cancer
吸烟跟肺癌有关系吗？
②How long will the connection of the telephone take
接通电话需要多长时间呢？
自我探究
connection n．[U]连接 [C]关系,联系。
归纳拓展
have connection with...与……有联系
in connection with...与……有关系
connect vt.连接；把……联系起来
connect sth.to sth.把……和……接起来connect...with...把……和……联系起来
be connected with...与……有关
③She is connected with a noble family.
她与某名门望族有关系。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)众所周知，吸烟和心脏病之间有很密切的联系。
As we all know，there is __________________________ smoking ________ heart disease.
a strong connection between
and
(2)这些事件之间没有联系。
_____________________________these events.
(3)把我们的电话连起来花了两天时间。
____________________________took two days.
There was no connection between
The connection of our telephone
4.Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.
简已经研究这些黑猩猩家族很多年了,她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。
品味经典
①The young lady behaved bravely in the face of danger.
这位年轻女士面对危险表现得非常勇敢。
②The teacher encouraged the children to behave well.
老师鼓励孩子们好好表现。
自我探究
behave vi.& vt.举动;(举止或行为)表现。
归纳拓展
behave well/badly to/towards sb.对某人表现好/差behave oneself 守规矩，表现得体
well behaved adj.表现好的
badly behaved adj.表现差的
behaviour n.[U]举止，行为
③They behaved badly to/towards their guests.
他们对客人很不礼貌。
④You should behave yourself in public.
在公共场合你应该守规矩。
⑤The headmaster doesn’t allow bad behaviour in class.
校长不允许班上有不良行为。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)I hope Tom________________(表现得规矩点) at the party to be held next Sunday.
(2)He________________(举止得体) so as not to give offence to others.
will behave well
behaves himself
(3)When a boy reaches manhood,he should____________________(行为应像个男子汉).
(4)Generally speaking，teachers like________________children，and at the same time they won’t look down upon________________students.
behave like a man
well behaved
badly behaved
5.Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move_off.
大家坐在树荫下等待着，这时候黑猩猩睡醒了，准备离开。
品味经典
①The conductor blew his whistle and the train slowly moved off.
列车员吹响了哨子,火车缓缓开动了。
②They planned to move off in the morning but they were stopped by the storm.
他们本打算在早上启程，但是因为暴雨而未能离开。
自我探究
move off离开；起程；出发。
归纳拓展
move away 搬走
move in 搬进新居
move on 前进；出发
move out 搬出
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)货车排成一排，准备出发。
The lorries were lined up，ready to ________________.
(2)我认为这个话题我们已经谈得够多了，咱们换个话题吧。
I think we’ve talked enough about that subject；let’s_____________.
move off
move on
(3)麦金托什一家已经搬到隔壁去了吗？
Have the Mackintoshes ______________________？
moved out yet next door
6.However，the evening makes it all worthwhile.
但是到傍晚时分我们就觉得这一切都是值得的。
品味经典
①It is worthwhile to spend/spending two hours reading the book.
花两小时读这本书很值。
②Teaching is a very worthwhile career.
教学是很值得干的职业。
③I think it worthwhile to go/going.
我认为值得去。
自我探究
worthwhile adj.值得的；值得做的。
易混辨析
worthwhile，worth，worthy
(1)worthwhile 在句中可作表语、定语和宾语补足语。常用句式：
①It is worthwhile ＋to do/doing sth.
②主语＋动词＋it ＋worthwhile ＋doing/to do sth.
(2)worth 在句中只作表语。常用句式：
①be worth ＋钱数/名词
②be (well) worth ＋doing sth.
(3)worthy在句中可作表语和定语.常用句式：
①be worthy of ＋n./being done
②be worthy＋to be done
④The Great Wall is worth a visit/visiting.
＝The Great Wall is worthy of being visited.
＝The Great Wall is worthy to be visited.
＝It’s worthwhile to visit/visiting the Great Wall.
长城值得参观。
⑤The new necklace is worth $1,500.
这条新项链值1500美元。
⑥Helping the disabled is a worthwhile activity.
帮助残疾人是一项很有意义的活动。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)(2010年高考湖北卷)错误不会无缘无故地发生，而是有原因的。如果找到这个原因,那么犯错误就是值得的。
Mistakes don’t just happen；they occur for a reason.Find out the reason，and then making the mistake__________________.
becomes worthwhile
用worth，worthy或worthwhile填空
(2)This article is well____________reading，but it is not____________of being translated.
(3)It is____________visiting the place.
(4)This book is____________to be read.
worth
worthy
worthwhile
worthy
7.She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.
她花了多年的时间来观察并记录它们的日常活动.
品味经典
①The scientist has observed the stars all his life.
这位科学家一生都在观测星星。
②We must observe the traffic rules.
我们必须遵守交通规则。
③Do you observe Christmas Day in your country
你们国家的人过圣诞节吗？
自我探究
observe vt.观察；观测；遵守；庆祝。
归纳拓展
observe sb.do sth.观察到某人做了某事
observe sb.doing sth.观察到某人正在做某事observe ＋ that从句 发现……
④I observed him go into the office.
我看到他进了办公室。
⑤He observed a stranger hanging around the store.
他看到一个陌生人正在商店附近闲逛。
⑥I observed that several students were asleep in class.
我看到几个学生上课睡觉。
巧学助记
巧记“看”口诀
看场电影要用see，读书看报用read；电视、戏剧和比赛，凡是表演用watch;observe细观察，一时注意notice。
牛刀小试
用括号内单词的适当形式填空
(1)The police observed the man_____________(enter) the bank.
(2)He’s just published his____________(observe) on British bird life.
enter/entering
observations
(3)You can’t speak at this meeting；you are here as an________(observe).
(4)I spent some time__________(observe) their customs.
observer
observing
用observe，watch，notice的适当形式填空
(5)I felt he was__________everything I did.
(6)She________the house for signs of activity.
(7)The detective________a scratch on the window.
observing
watched
noticed
8.She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other，and her study of their body language helped her work_out their social system.
她还发现了黑猩猩之间是如何交流的,而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她勾勒出了黑猩猩的社会体系。
品味经典
①We must work out a better method of saving paper.
我们必须想出一个节约用纸的更好的方法。
②Can you work out how much money it will cost
你能算出需要多少钱吗？
③I can’t work out the meaning of this poem.
我弄不懂这首诗的含义。
自我探究
work out vt.想出；算出；制定出；理解。
归纳拓展
work out vi.结果为，进展；逐渐好转；锻炼
④We were pleased to see that things had worked out well.
我们看到情况进展良好很高兴。
⑤He works out to lose weight every morning.
他每天早上都健身减肥。
牛刀小试
用介词或副词填空
(1)He liked to work________difficult problems in maths.
(2)Then he started to work________the problem.
at
on
(3)Learning a language isn’t easy.You have to work hard________it.
(4)We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it worked________very well.
(5)You’d better work________a plan ahead of time.
at
out
out
9.For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.
40年来，简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。
品味经典
①You should learn to respect the ideas of others.
你应该学会尊重别人的意见。
②We should show respect for our parents.
我们应该尊敬父母。
自我探究
respect vt.& n．尊敬；尊重；敬意；方面。
归纳拓展
respect sb.for sth.因某事而尊敬某人
show/have respect for sb.尊重某人
give/send one’s respects to sb.代某人问候某人
in this/that/every respect在这一/那一/各个方面)
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)在这方面我不赞同你的意见。
I can’t agree with you _______________.
(2)请代我问候尊夫人。
__________________ your wife.
in this respect
Give my respects to
用respect的适当形式填空
(3)He has a___________income.
(4)The three men were given work according to their_________abilities.
respectable
respective
(5)The ceremony was not only for the________of the dead，but for the comfort of the living.
(6)You must be__________to the__________professor.
respect
respectful
respectable
10.She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.
她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活,而不能用于娱乐或广告。
品味经典
①The speaker argued that more foreigners should be admitted to the country.
演讲者主张应该允许更多的外国人入境。
②He argued with his wife about the best place for a holiday.
他和他妻子争论度假的最好地方。
③They were arguing about how to spend the money.
他们就这笔钱怎么花而争论不休。
自我探究
argue vi.& vt.争论；辩论；讨论。
归纳总结
(1)argue with sb.about/over sth.就某事与某人争(辩)论
argue for/against sth.据理赞成/反对
argue that...主张……；认为……
(2)argue sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事
argue sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事
(3)argument n.[C]争论，争吵;论证，论据
have an argument with sb.about sth. 因某事与某人争辩)
易混辨析
argue，debate
(1)argue指举出理由或事实来与对方争辩，有“企图说服对方”的含义。
(2)debate着重双方各自陈述理由，尤其是公开地、正式地辩论。
牛刀小试
根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列小片段
(1)The workers，who___________(为……而争论) their own rights，___________(同……争论) the boss for a few days，but failed to________him________(说服……做某事) giving them a rise in wages.
argued for
argued with
argue
into
用适当的介词填空
(2)They are always arguing________each other________unimportant things.
(3)I was argued________buying a necklace for my wife.
(4)He strongly argued________the plan to go for a picnic only because of the bad weather.
with
on/about
into
against
11.She is leading_a_busy_life but she says：...
她的生活是忙碌的，然而，她却说：……
品味经典
①He always leads a simple life.
他一直过着简朴的生活。
②We are living a happy life.
我们正过着幸福的生活。
自我探究
lead a．..life(lead可换为live)过着……的生活。
归纳拓展
live a...life中的life和live为同根词，故称作同源宾语。常见的能接同源宾语的动词有：live，die，smile，laugh，dream,breathe,sing，sigh，sleep等。
③He dreamt a terrible dream last night.
昨天晚上他做了个噩梦。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)因为我知道他们过着怎样难的日子,所以我理解他们为什么需要这么多的钱。
Since I know______________________，I understand why they needed so much money.
what a hard life they lived
翻译句子
(2)他唱了一支优美的歌曲。
________________________________
(3)我做了一个奇怪的梦。
________________________________
He sang a beautiful song.
I dreamt a strange dream.
12.Once I stop，it all comes crowding_in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.
我一旦停下来,所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩。
品味经典
①Memories crowded in on me.
往事一起涌上我的心头。
②A number of thoughts crowded in my brain.
大量想法涌入我的脑海。
自我探究
crowd in (on sb.)(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海。
归纳拓展
(1)crowd vt.& vi.挤满；使拥挤
crowd in/into sp.涌入/挤进某场所
crowd into one’s mind/head 涌上心头/涌入脑海
(2)crowd n.人群；群众
the crowd民众，大众
follow the crowd随大流
a crowd of一群；众多
(3)crowded adj.拥挤的
be crowded with...挤满了……
③Passengers crowded the platform.
月台挤满了乘客。
④There was a crowd of people in the park.
公园里有许多人。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)你想做什么就做什么，但是不要总是随大流。
You can do what you want to do，but don’t always ________________.
follow the crowd
(2)民众涌入了拥挤的市政大厅。
The ________________ the ________town hall.
(3)看着这可怕的一幕,很多问题涌上了我的心头.
Seeing the terrible scene，many problems ________________________.
crowd crowded into
crowded
crowded in/into my head
13.She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.
她激励着人们为女性的成就而欢呼喝彩。
品味经典
①We were inspired by his speech.
我们被他的演说所鼓舞。
②The teacher inspired us to work hard.
老师鼓励我们努力学习。
③His first novel was inspired by the memory of his mother.
他的第一本小说的灵感来自于对母亲的记忆。
自我探究
inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示。
归纳拓展
inspire sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事
inspire...in sb.激起某人的……
inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
inspired adj.受到鼓舞的；有灵感的
inspiration n.鼓舞；灵感
④Her encouraging remarks inspired confidence in me.
她的一番激励的话语激起了我的信心。
⑤The song we heard last night was most inspiring.
昨天晚上我们听的歌曲非常鼓舞人心。
⑥The artist drew inspiration from natural scenery.
那位艺术家从自然景物中获得灵感。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)她使我产生爱慕之心。
She________me________admiration (＝She________admiration________me).
inspires
with
inspires
in
(2)许多诗人和艺术家从大自然中获得灵感.
Many poets and artists ________________________________
nature.
have drawn their inspiration from
(3)让我们互相支持，互相鼓励。
Let’s ______________and ________________each other.
(4)他的话会给你感动和鼓舞。
His words would make you_________ and _________.
give support
inspiration to
moved
inspired
(5)被他鼓舞人心的话所激励，他们又继续爬雪山。
________by his________words，they went on climbing the snowy mountains.
Inspired
inspiring
14.Jane was permitted to begin her work after her mother came to support her.
在母亲来支持她后，简才得以开始工作。
品味经典
①To tell the truth，I find it hard to support you this time.
说实话，这次我很难支持你。
②There are two large wood posts supporting the roof.
有两根大木柱支撑着房顶。
③The old man crossed the street，supported by his son.
老人由儿子扶着，过了马路。
④His wage is not enough to support their five children.
靠他一个人的工资不足以养活他们的五个孩子。
自我探究
support vt.支持，拥护；支撑；抚养，赡养 n．支持；拥护，赞成。
归纳拓展
support sb.in sth. 在……方面给予某人支持
in support of 支持
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我们支持警察与犯罪作斗争。
We ________ the police ________________________ crime.
(2)(2010年高考浙江卷)镇上的大多数人都积极拥护为孩子们建造运动场的计划。
support
in their work against
The majority of people in the town strongly________________ build a playground for children.
(3)科学家必须提出证据以支持其理论.
A scientist must produce evidence __________________a theory.
support the plan to
in support of
句型巧析
15.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was_she allowed to begin her project.
她母亲头几个月来给她帮忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
品味经典
①Only then did he realize that he was not the right man for the job.
到那时他才意识到他不适合做这项工作。
②Only in this way can you work out the problem.
只有用这种办法,你才能解出这道题。
③Only when you grow up will you understand what I have said.
你只有长大后，才会明白我说的话。
自我探究
这是一个倒装句。当only置于句首修饰作状语的副词、介词短语或从句时,后面的主句要用部分倒装结构。
归纳拓展
如果only强调的是主语而不是状语，句子不用倒装。
④Only the teachers can use these chemistry labs.
只有老师们才能使用这些化学实验室.
牛刀小试
用倒装句式完成句子
(1)只有河水被污染了以后村民们才开始保护环境。
Only after the water of the river was polluted_________________________
_______________________.
did the villagers begin to protect the environment
(2)被叫了三次，他才来参加会议。
Only after being asked three times____________________________.
did he come to the meeting
(3)(2011年高考课标全国卷)只是当他到了茶馆的时候，他才意识到这就是他去年来的地方。
Only when he reached the tea house _________________________________he’d been in last year.
did he realize it was the same place
A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE
It is 5∶45 a．m. and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane’s way of studying chimps，our group are all going to visit them in the forest.
译文助读
Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.
This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.
Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile.
We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.
Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy.
When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps.
For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it.
She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.
For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.
She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely.She is leading a busy life but she says：
“Once I stop，it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.It’s terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps.I say to myself，‘Aren’t they lucky？’
And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong.Once you have seen that you can never forget...”
She has achieved everything she wanted to do：
working with animals in their own environment，gaining a doctor’s degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can.She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.
非洲野生动物研究者
清晨5点45分，太阳刚刚从东非贡贝国家公园的上空升起，我们一行人准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。简已经研究这些黑猩猩家族很多年了，她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。
我们当天的首项任务就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。
这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩睡觉的大树旁。每个人都坐在树荫下等待着，这时候猩猩们睡醒了，准备离开。然后它们向森林深处漫步而去，我们尾随其后。
在大部分的时间里，黑猩猩或互相喂食，或彼此擦身，这在它们的家族里是表达爱的方式。简预先提醒我们，到下午的时候我们就会又累又脏。她说对了，但这个傍晚让我们觉得这一切都是值得的。我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍。
后来我们看到它们一起回窝里睡觉了.我们明白了黑猩猩家庭成员之间的关系如同人类家庭一样紧密.
在简之前没有人完全了解黑猩猩的行为。她花了多年的时间来观察并记录黑猩猩的日常活动。
从她的童年时代起，她就想在动物生活的环境中进行研究。然而，这并不容易。她1960年首次来到贡贝时，对一位女性来说，住进大森林还是很稀罕的事情。她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
她的工作改变了人们对黑猩猩的看法。比方说，她的一个重要发现是黑猩猩猎食动物。而在此之前，人们一直认为黑猩猩只吃水果和坚果。她曾经亲眼看到过一群黑猩猩捕杀一只猴子，然后把它吃掉。她还发现了黑猩猩之间是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她勾勒出黑猩猩的社会体系。
40年来，简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。她主张野生动物应该留在野外生活，而不该用于娱乐和广告。她还帮助黑猩猩建起了专门的保护区，在那里它们可以安全地生活。她的生活是忙碌的，然而,她却说：
“我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头,我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。这太可怕了。每当我看着野生黑猩猩时,这都会萦绕着我。我会对自己说：‘难道它们还不幸运吗？’然后我就想起那些没有任何过错却被关在笼子里的小黑猩猩。
一旦你看到这些，你就永远不会忘记……”
简已经实现了她想要做的一切：在动物的栖息地工作；获得博士学位；还向世人证明女人和男人一样也能在森林里生活。她激励着人们为女性的成就而欢呼喝彩。
速效提能演练
本部分内容讲解结束
点此进入课件目录
按ESC键退出全屏播放
谢谢使用(共77张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
写作专题突破
Unit 1
语法专题突破
Section Ⅳ
语法专题突破
主谓一致
讲解归纳
英语中的主谓一致主要遵循三个原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和邻近一致原则。这三个原则常常发生矛盾,但当发生冲突时，意义一致原则为优先考虑的原则。
一、语法一致原则
主语和谓语通常是从语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
Mr.Black is a well known scientist on AIDS.
布莱克先生是研究艾滋病的著名科学家。
Those girls sitting there are all my cousins.
坐在那里的那些女孩都是我的表姐妹。My friends have no intention of going shopping with me.
朋友们没打算和我一起购物。
1．由两部分构成的表物体的名词，如trousers，pants，shorts，jeans，compasses，glasses等单独作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，但当它们与a pair of或pairs of连用时，谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。
This pair of glasses fits you well.
你戴这副眼镜很合适。
Several pairs of new shoes have been sent to the old men.
已经给这些老人寄去了好几双新鞋了。
Here are some new pairs of shoes.
这里有几双鞋。
2．如果主语由“many a, more than one＋名词”构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词用单数。
Many a page in this book is missing.
这本书缺了许多页。
More than one student has failed the exam.
不止一个学生考试不及格。
3．由“quantities of或amounts of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；而由“a quantity of或an amount of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。
Great quantities of water are needed in this city.
这座城市需要大量的水。
Large amounts of food were wasted.
大量的食物被浪费掉了。
二、意义一致原则
所谓意义一致原则是指谓语动词的变化以主语所表达的单、复数概念而定。
1．集体名词group，class，family，army，enemy等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数；
如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式。但people，police和cattle作主语时，谓语动词总是用复数。
My family has moved to the downtown.
我家搬到市中心了。
My family are all fond of folk music.
我家人都喜欢民间音乐。
The population in China is very large and 80%of the population live in rural areas.
中国人口很多，其中80%的人住在农村。
2．表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词，在表示单位数量用作主语时，通常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。(注：如果强调数目，谓语动词用复数。)
Three months has passed since you left.
你已经离开了三个月了。
Ten dollars is enough for him.10美元就够他用的了。
One hundred cents make a dollar.
100美分就是一美元。
More than fifty years have passed since they got married.
他们夫妻已共同走过了50多年。
3．不定代词anyone，anybody，anything，everyone，everybody，everything，someone，somebody，something,no one,nobody，nothing，each等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Everything is fine.所有事情都很顺利.
Nobody knows what has happened.
没有人知道发生了什么事。
Nothing is helpful in such a difficult situation.
在如此困难的情况下，什么也无济于事。
4.代词none和neither有时作单数看待,有时作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。但是代表不可数名词时，只看作单数；neither作形容词时与单数名词连用，谓语动词用单数。
None of them has/have arrived yet.
他们中一个人都没到呢。
Neither of them knows/know the answer.
他们俩都不知道答案。
None of this money is mine.
这钱不是我的。
Neither statement was true.
两个陈述都不真实。
5．当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如with，along with，together with，as well as，like，rather than，but，except，besides，including，in addition to等时,谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响,仍保持同主语一致的关系。
The teacher with two students was at the meeting.
那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。
The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car.
这姑娘和男孩子们一道,学会了开车。
Henry，rather than Jane and John，is responsible for the loss.
损失的责任应由亨利而不是由简和约翰来承担。
6．两个并列的名词有each，every，many a等修饰语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
Each doctor and (each) nurse was given a new shirt.
每个大夫和护士都发了一件新衬衫。
No sound and no voice is heard.
一点声音都没有。
Many a boy and (many a) girl has made the same mistake.
许多男孩女孩都犯了同样的错误。
7．当and不表示并列意义，连接两个在意义上表示同一人、物或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。
The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.
那位教授作家正在会上发言。
One more knife and fork is needed.
还需要一副刀叉。
War and peace is a constant theme in history.
战争与和平是历史永恒的主题。
8．“the＋形容词”作主语时，其意义若是指抽象概念应看作单数，谓语动词用单数；但如果其意义是指一类人则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应该用复数。
The new is sure to take place of the old.
新生事物一定会代替旧事物。
The old are very well taken care of in our city.
老年人在我们城市被照顾得很好。
9．由and连接的两个what从句作主语时，要根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的数。
What he says and does do not agree.
他言行不一致。
What he says and does does not concern me.
他的言行与我无关。
三、邻近一致原则
邻近一致原则是指谓语动词的变化是以靠近谓语动词的主语部分而定。
1.当用作主语的两个名词或代词由or,either...or，neither...nor或not only...but also连接时，谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。
Either you or Jane is to be sent to New Zealand.
要么你，要么简将被派往新西兰。
Neither he nor I have finished the experiment.
他和我都没有完成实验。
Not only his family but (also) he likes Chaplin’s movies.
不仅他的家人，还有他都喜欢卓别林的电影。
2．由there或here引导的句子，主语不止一个名词时，谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。
There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.
桌上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。
Here is your schoolbag and textbooks.
这是你的书包和课本。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．(2011年高考安徽卷)这家工厂用了这种原材料的65%，剩余部分节省出来作他用。
The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials，the rest of which________ saved for other purposes.
语法专练
were
2．(2011年高考湖南卷)这个国家三分之一的国土被树覆盖，大多数的市民是黑人。
One third of the country________covered with trees and the majority of the citizens________black people.
is
are
3．(2010年高考大纲全国卷Ⅱ)Barbara很容易被辨认出来，因为她是唯一一名穿晚礼服的妇女。
Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who________evening dress.
wears
4．(2010年高考陕西卷)据报道，目前在灾区许多的新房子正在建设着。
It is reported that many a new house ________________at present in the disaster area.
is being built
5．(2010年高考四川卷)像莎士比亚这样的诗人们的作品被人们广泛阅读，虽然他们的作品中有些很难读懂。
Such poets as Shakespeare________widely read，of whose works，however，some________difficult to understand.
are
are
6．(2010年高考湖南卷)听摇滚音乐会中的震耳欲聋的音乐已经导致某些青少年丧失了听力。
Listening to loud music at rock concerts________caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
has
7.(2010年高考江苏卷)“大家都来了吗 ”“还没有……看！我们其余的客人来了。”
—Is everyone here
—Not yet...Look，there________the rest of our guests!
come
8.史密斯博士以及他的妻子和女儿们,今年夏天要去北京参观。
Dr.Smith，together with his wife and daughters，__________visit Beijing this summer.
is going to
9．“为什么这个湖闻起来那么臭？” “因为大量的水都已经被污染了。”
—Why does the lake smell terrible
—Because large quantities of water__________________.
have been polluted
10．你或者你的一个学生要参加明天安排的会议。
Either you or one of your students________to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
is
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The teacher and writer____________(be) my friend.
2．Another three years____________(have) passed.
is
has
3．In front of the house____________(stand) two apple trees.
4．A basketball team____________(have) 5 members.
The basketball team____________(be) having baths now.
stand
has
are
5．To learn one or two foreign languages____________(be) very important nowadays.
6．This kind of apple____________(taste) good.
Apples of this kind____________(taste) good.
is
tastes
taste
7．No one except his own supporters____________(agree) with him.
8．The population of that country____________(be) about 10 million and nearly ninety percent ____________(be) farmers.
agrees
is
are
9．The rich____________(be) for the plan，but the poor are against it.
10．Mr.Black together with his children____________(go) to the park every Sunday.
are
goes
Ⅲ.语法填空
Every policeman ________given special training for the job.No two days ________the same.Each day ________different.But the job ________as exciting or glamorous as some people think.
is
are
is
isn’t
Not all policemen ________allowed to carry guns.A number of police officers here ________(work) with dogs.An officer and his dog ________(have) to work closely together.
are
work
have
One of our jobs ________to prevent crime happening in the first place.A
lot of crimes ________caused by people being careless.Sorry,I have to go now.Someone ________reported a robbery.
is
are
has
写作专题突破
突破话题——Elizabeth H．Blackburn
【写作例题】
请根据下面要点，写一篇介绍美国科学家伊丽莎白·布莱克本的英语短文。
1．姓名：伊丽莎白·布莱克本(Elizabeth H．Blackburn)
2．成长经历：1948年生于澳大利亚，在墨尔本(Melbourne)大学获学士和硕士学位，1975年在英国剑桥大学获博士学位，随后前往美国耶鲁大学从事分子和细胞生物学研究，现执教于旧金山加利福尼亚大学。
3．成就：因学术成就卓著被美国《时代》周刊评为2007年度全球最具影响力的100个人物之一；2009年获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
参考词汇：学士学位：Bachelor’s Degree 硕士学位：Master’s Degree
博士学位：Doctor’s Degree
分子和细胞生物学：Molecular and Cellular Biology
【写作要求】
1.只能使用5个句子来表达全部内容。
2.可以适当增减细节，以使行文连贯。
【要点词汇】
1．出生于……________________
2．获得________________
3．被命名________________
4．获取，收到________________
5．具有影响力的________________
6．一位伟大的美国科学家________________________
be born in/on
earn
be named...
influential
a great American scientist
receive
【句式结构】
1．伊丽莎白·布莱克本，1948年出生于澳大利亚，是一位美国著名的科学家。
Elizabeth H．Blackburn，________________________________,
is a great American scientist.
who was born in Australia in 1948
2．1975年她在英国剑桥大学获博士学位。
She__________________________from the university of Cambridge in England in 1975.
earned her Doctor’s Degree
3．她被美国《时代》周刊评为2007年度全球最具影响力的100个人物之一；2009年获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
In 2007，she________________one of TIME Magazine’s 100_______________________and she_______________________
in Physiology or Medicine in 2009.
was named
most influential people
received the Nobel Prize
【连句成篇】
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________
【佳作欣赏】
Elizabeth H．Blackburn，who_was_born_in_Australia_in_1948，is a great American scientist.When she studied in the University of Melbourne in Australia，she earned_her_Bachelor’s_Degree and Master’s Degree，
and then earned her Doctor’s Degree from the University of Cambridge in England in 1975.After that，she did her work in Molecular and Cellular Biology from 1975 to 1977 at Yale University.
She is now_teaching_at_the University of California，San Francisco.
In 2007 she_was_named_one_of_TIME_Magazine’s_100_most_influential_people and she received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2009.
【技巧点拨】
范文根据写作内容和写作要求，从三个方面对美国著名女科学家伊丽莎白·布莱克本进行了介绍。尽管是介绍人物的说明文，但作者并没有单纯地罗列简单句，
而是注意了句子与句子之间的内在联系，充分运用了较复杂句式和较高级词汇，提高了文章的档次。较复杂句式的运用是这篇短文的一大亮点。文章用词准确，语法结构正确，不失为一篇优秀的介绍人物的说明文。
课时训练
Dr. Jane Goodall is a famous English ①specialist in studying wild animals，especially in ②chimps.She is a ③modest，outspoken and ④considerate woman.
词语串串练
When in her ⑤childhood，she ⑥came_across a book Tarzan and Dr.Doolittle ⑦by_chance.Greatly ⑧inspired by it.Jane ⑨intended to study animals one day.The opportunity came when Goodall was 26 years old.
At that time，women were ⑩looked_down_on and only her mother supported her decision.Her mother and Jane thought it was a worthwhile cause.Even if someone laughed at her，she didn’t argue and carried_on with it.
In the 1960s，Jane moved_off to Africa to study chimps，where she led_a hard and busy life.She spent over 25 years observing and recording their daily activities and fully understood chimp behaviour.
Her research showed the close connections between chimps and human beings.Later，she set up several organizations and launched a campaign to protect animals.In recent years，
Jane has delivered_speeches all over the world to call on younger
generations to take part in her
project “Shoot and Root”．She said we should respect animals rather than use them for
entertainment or kill them.
Jane Goodall was awarded many prizes for her great achievements.If you want to know more about Jane Goodall，you can refer_to the Internet.
简·古道尔是英国一位著名
的研究野生动物的专家，
尤其在研究黑猩猩方面。她是一位谦虚、坦诚和考虑周到的女性。在她的儿童时代，她偶然看到了一本名叫《泰山和杜拉德博士》的书。
受它的极大激励,简打算有一天能研究动物。这个机会在她26岁时来临了。在那个时候，女性被看不起，只有她的妈妈支持她的决定。妈妈和简都认为这是一项值得做的事业。即使有人嘲笑她,她也不争辩，而是坚持去做。
在20世纪60年代，简动身去非洲研究黑猩猩，在那里她过着艰苦而繁忙的生活。她用了25年多的时间观察和记录黑猩猩的日常活动，完全懂得了他们的行为。她的研究显示了黑猩猩和人类之间有着密切的联系。
后来，她成立了几个组织，发起了一项保护动物的运动。近几年，她在世界各地演讲，呼吁年轻的一代参加她的项目“根与芽”。她说我们应该尊重动物，而不是用它们来娱乐或杀死它们。简·古道尔以她的巨大成就而被授予多个奖项。如果你想了解更多关于她的事情，就上网查询吧。
本部分内容讲解结束
点此进入课件目录
按ESC键退出全屏播放
谢谢使用(共8张PPT)
Unit 1 Women of achievement
教材背景链接
名言佳句
Success grows out of struggle to overcome difficulties.—Samuel Smiles
成功来自于克服困难的斗争。——斯迈尔斯·S
You have to believe in yourself.That’s the secret of success.—Charles Chaplin
人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。——卓别林·C
Achievement provides the only real pleasure in life.—Thomas Edison
有所成就是人生惟一的真正乐趣。——爱迪生·T
类文欣赏
Jane Goodall
简·古道尔是全世界第一个观察并研究野生
黑猩猩的人，她对黑猩猩的研究至今已经
进行了四十多年。她在黑猩猩研究领域所取得的成就被誉为西方世界最伟大的科学成就之一。
Much of the information we have today about chimpanzees comes from the long term research of the great conservationist (保护者)，Jane Goodall.
At 26，Jane Goodall had no college education or science training.But since childhood，she had been dreaming of working closely with animals in Africa.“All through my childhood people said I couldn’t go to Africa because I was a girl，” Goodall says.“But my mother used to say，if you really want to，there’s nothing you can’t do.”
In 1957，the 26 year old Goodall went to Kenya to work as a secretary.There she met the famous scientist Louis Leakey，who was so impressed by her enthusiasm (热情) that he hired her as his assistant.She went with him on many trips to the African jungle and in 1960 Leakey sent Goodall to live among chimpanzees in a remote (偏僻的) animal preserve，recording the animals’ behaviour and interactions.
For three months Goodall made little progress.But she says，“I never came close to giving up.” Her breakthrough came one day when she saw a male chimpanzee stick a piece of grass into a termite (白蚁) hill，then put the grass in his mouth.Afterward she came to the hill and did the same.Pulling the grass out，she discovered dozens of termites on it.The discovery－that some animals use tools－was unknown to most scientists at the time.
Goodall saw chimpanzees show humanlike emotions，such as jealousy and love.But she also discovered they were capable of violent attacks against each other.
Goodall received her Ph.D.in the study of animal behaviour at England’s Cambridge University.Now she travels around the world raising money to preserve wildlife.“I love living in the forest with the chimpanzees，” she says.“I’d much rather be there than travel around from city to city.”
Questions：
Read the passage and tell the following sentences true (T) or false (F)．
1．Goodall dreamed of studying animals in Africa when she was a child.( )
2. Goodall’s most important discovery is that chimpanzees could attack each other violently.( )
3．Goodall raised funds for the preservation of wildlife.( )
T
F
T(共26张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading－Preparing
预习多维感知
Section Ⅰ
预习多维感知
Step One：Ask and Discussion
1．Do you know who these women are Say something about them if you can.
(1)________________was a Quaker.She helped___________________________________________________________.Her work helped the Quakers get the
________________________.
Elizabeth Fry
improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education
Nobel Peace Prize in 1947
(2)In 1915，she married Dr.Sun Yet sen,____________________________.After her husband died in 1925，she______________________________.
She____________________________
_____________________.
founder of the Republic of China
supported the Communist Party
buried herself with various welfare activities
(3)As a young girl，________________always wanted________________.She went to Africa and________________.Her research_____________________between chimps and human beings.She works___________________________.
Jane Goodall
to study animals
studied chimps
showed the connections
to protect chimps everywhere
(4)From the countryside and___________a man,______________
went to_____________the French and helped _______________________France.
She______________________________by the English.
dressed as
Joan of Arc
fight for
drive the English out of
was caught and sentenced to death
(5)____________was a specialist in women’s illnesses.She_____________________medical work for Chinese women and children.Her work encouraged many other women to become doctors.
Lin Qiaozhi
devoted all her life to
2．What do these five women have in common
They were all
_________________________________
________________________________.
devoted，determined，inspiring，independent，confident and so on
Step Two：Fast Reading
Scan the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1. As a protector of African wildlife，Jane Goodall has been studying chimps in many ways except________.
A．living habits B．food
C．living conditions D．their origin
D
2. Chimps usually spend most of the time________ as a way of showing love for their family.
A．feeding or cleaning each other
B．wandering about the forest together
C．playing with each other
D．fighting with each other
A
3．From the passage we know the bond between members of a chimp family________.
A．is very strong
B．is a little weak
C．doesn’t exist
D．is the strongest of all the animals
A
4. Why was Jane not allowed to begin her project at first ______
A．Because her project was not meaningful.
B．Because she was an American.
C．Because her project was bad for the chimps.
D．Because it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest.
D
5. It can be inferred from the text that________.
A．Jane is a very successful woman
B．chimps are living a happy life thanks to Jane’s work
C．Jane was the first protector of African wildlife
D．women will succeed if they do as Jane does
A
Step Three：Careful Reading
1．Read the text and then answer the following questions.
(1) How do the chimps behave
_________________________________
They behave much like humans.
(2)What did Jane spend many years doing
_________________________________
_________________________________
She spent many years observing and recording chimps’ daily activities.
(3)What did Jane achieve
_________________________________
_________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
①Working with animals in their own environment.
②Gaining a doctor’s degree for her studies.
③Showing that women can live in the forest as men can.
2．Read the text and match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para.1( ) A．Jane has achieved many things through her efforts.
Para.2( ) B．Jane has done many things for chimps.
D
C
Para.3( ) C．Jane has helped people to have a better understanding of the behaviour of chimps.
Para.4( ) D．The group studied a family of chimps in the way that Jane did.
B
A
3．Read the text carefully and try to write down the main idea of the text.
The text is a story about____________who_____________________________________________________________，and she changed
________________________________.
Jane Goodall
has studied the chimps in Gombe National Park
for forty years
the way people think about chimps
Step Four：Summary
One early morning，we followed Jane’s way of studying chimps.We went to the forest and watched a family of chimps ____________.When the family woke up and ____________，we sat and waited ____________.
wake up
moved off
in the shade
In the evening，we saw them go to sleep together for the night.Only then did we realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is ____________ in a human family.
Jane made great contributions to our understanding the chimp behaviour.Her work changed the way people ____________ chimps.
as strong as
thought about
____________，she discovered that chimps hunted and ate meat.She also discovered how chimps __________________each other，and her study of their body language helped her ____________ their social system.
For example
communicated with
work out
Jane argued that wild animals should be left ____________ and not used for entertainment or advertisements.She was ____________ a busy life but she was happy.
in the wild
leading
Step Five：Discussion
What made Jane Goodall a great success
_________________________________
_________________________________
__________________________________________
There are two points that made her success：one is her way to study chimps，and the other is her true love to the animals.
本部分内容讲解结束
点此进入课件目录
按ESC键退出全屏播放
谢谢使用
