(共36张PPT)
人教课标
高二 必修 5 Unit 1
同学们，你们还记得在 Book 4 Unit 3 A taste of English humour 中有这样三个句子吗？
Such training was common in acting families ...
2. He grew more and more popular as his charming character ...
3. The acting is so convincing that ...
通过观察，我们不难发现第1、2句是动词-ing形式作定语，且放在被修饰的名词前面；第3句是动词-ing形式作表语，放在be动词的后面。今天我们要学习与动词-ing形式相对应的过去分词作定语和表语的用法。
过去分词作表语一般用来表示感受 或状态（系动词 + 过去分词）
No wonder he is excited! (predictive)
可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：
delighted, disappointed, upset,
astonished, excited, frightened,
experienced, interested, qualified,
puzzled, exhausted, satisfied
过去分词作定语：
1. 分词可以用作前置定语，此时，分词和名词之间有两种语意关系：一种是分词表示主动（但时间上已经过去）；一种是分词表被动。
He is a retired worker.
他是一个退休工人。
This is a newly-developed device.
这是一个新开发的工具。
2. 过去分词作后置定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。
Past Participle as the Attributive
Look at the following sentences where the past participle is used. Find two more examples in the reading passage of each usage.
Example:
1. So many thousands of terrified
people died.
1
过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.
他们当中有一些人，生长在农村，从未见过火车。
2. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.
用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。
The general stared at him in startled admiration.
将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。
Attention
e.g. We asked two of China’s many talented journalists to tell us more about new.
I want to write about people addicted to drugs.
When the past participle is a single word, where do you put, before the noun modified or after it When the past participle is a phrase, where do you put
过去分词短语用作定语时，一般皆置之于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于口语中。
There were twenty or thirty monkeys huddled along the branches as still as statues.
有二三十个猴子蜷缩在树枝上，静如雕像。
Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof.
卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气是装载车顶上的袋中。
Look at the dialogue and find the use of the past participle.
-- I hear you and James are
engaged at last.
-- Yes, we are.
-- When are you getting married
-- In the spring.
-- Oh, lovely. Where’s the
wedding going to be
Past Participle as the Predicative
Example:
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people.
Now find two more examples in the reading passage.
He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.
Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.
Past Participle as an attribute Past Participle as
the predicative
1. terrified people
2. reserved seats
3. polluted water
4. a crowded room
5. a pleased
winner
people who are terrified of
2. seats reserved by…
3. water polluted by…
4. a room crowded with…
5. a winner pleased with…
Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.
2
Past Participle as an attribute Past Participle as
the predicative
6. children astonished at/by …
7. a vase broken by…
8. a door closed by…
9. the audience tired of …
10. an animal trapped
in/by …
6. astonished children
7. a broken vase
8. a closed door
9. the tired audience
10. a trapped
animal
Change the following into English using “make + n.” and past participles.
make an appointment
make a gossip
make an apology
make a contest
make a choice
约会
闲言碎语
道歉
竞争
选择
crowded streets
struck speeches
inspired contestant
受到鼓舞的竞赛者
拥挤的街道
打动人的演讲
unexpected visitors
discouraged students
不速之客
感到沮丧的学生
1. He got ______________ about losing the money.
2. The painter looked so _____ after
working for a whole day.
blamed / upset
tired
3
Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative. (P5)
4. Everybody was _________________
to hear of the death of the famous film star.
shocked/ depressed
3. I was ___________ with the film I saw
last night. I had expected it to be
better.
disappointed
5. Everybody is really _______ about the new Olympic stadiums.
6. His wound became _______ with a new virus.
excited
infected
Rewrite the following sentences with the past participle as attributive.
Let’s try the bookstore that was opened last month.
Let’s try the bookstore opened last month.
Nine out of ten women interviewed about the product said they liked it.
Yesterday, the President went to visit the retired workers.
Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it.
Yesterday, the President went to visit the workers who had retired.
Choose appropriate verbs to complete the following sentences, using the past participle. Explain the use of the past participle in each sentence. (P43)
1
worry interest arrive frighten prepare continue concern
1. They were ________ to accept my idea.
2. I’ll be _________ to know how they
mad the wonderful fireworks.
3. The mayor said that he was
_______ about the _________ rise of
the water level in the river bed.
prepared
interested
worried
continued
4. Recently ________ soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood.
5. Most of the newspaper seems to be _________ with pop stars.
6. He was _________ of going alone into
the empty house.
arrived
concerned
frightened
Rewrite these sentences as one sentence using the past participle as the attribute or predicative.(P43)
2
1. I found this plate on the floor. The
plate was broken in pieces.
I found this broken plate on the floor.
2. I saw a tall, dark and handsome man. His name is Xiao Ming.
I saw a tall, dark and handsome man named Xiao Ming.
3. I looked at that modem abstract (抽象) painting. It was colored in yellows and greens.
I looked at that modem abstract painting colored in yellows and greens.
4. Yesterday I got the answer to my question on the Internet. It was the one I expected.
Yesterday I got the expected answer to my question on the Internet.
5. She is one of my friends. She is devoted to my interests.
She is my friend devoted to my interests.
6. On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles. They were marked in green ink.
On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles were marked in green ink.
7. We saw many windows in that room. They were all cracked.
We saw many cracked windows in that room.(共6张PPT)
John Snow
(1813-1858)
John Snow was born in York on March 15th, 1813, the oldest of nine children.
York
London
His father worked as a laborer. While poor, his parents were determined to give their children whatever educational opportunities they could afford. He was educated at a private school in his native city until the age of fourteen, when he was apprenticed (当学徒) to William Hardcastle, a surgeon (外科医生) living at Newcastle-on-Tyne.
After serving for a short time as a surgeon and unqualified assistant during the cholera epidemic of 1831-1982, he became in October 1836 a student at the Hunterian School of medicine in Great Windmill Street, London. He began to attend the medical practice at the Westminster Hospital in the
following October.
1836
37
38
39
40
1845
41
42
43
44
He graduated M.D. of the University of London on 20 Dec. 1844, and in 1850 he was admitted a licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians.
He designed a chloroform inhaler(氯仿吸入器), described in his book, On Chloroform and other Anesthetics, published in 1858.
Dr. Snow was also a prominent anesthesiologist(麻醉师)
What else was he famous for (共55张PPT)
人教课标
高二必修 5 Unit 1
1. What do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London
He attended Queen Victoria to ease the
birth of her babies.
Questions
3. Did people know how to cure the disease
2. From what disease did Londoners
suffer in his age
They exposed themselves to cholera.
No, they didn’t.
People absorbed this disease into their
bodies with their meals.
4. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people
5. How serious was the disease outbreak in London
The cholera outbreak was so severe that
more than 500 people had died in 10 days.
Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.
6. Where were many of the deaths in Broad Street
7. Why did some houses have no deaths
These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad street pump.
It seemed the water was to blame..
8. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible
for the disease
He told the people to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.
9. What did Dr. Snow advised the people
in Broad Street do
10. What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak
In addition, he found 2 other deaths.
11. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public
He announced that polluted water
carried the disease.
12. What did Dr. Snow tell the water companies
They were instructed not to expose
people to polluted water anymore.
练习题
attend
【匹配】 阅读下列句子，并在其后的括号中填出attend的含义。
出席，参加 b. 照顾，护理
c. 经常去，定期去
Mary invited about 30 people to her
party, but only 12 attended it. ( )
2. All the six members of my family
attend church every Sunday. ( )
a
c
3. The nurse attended the patients with
great care. ( )
4. If you go out, who will attend to the
baby ( )
【点拨】attend常作及物动词（句1至句3），也可作不及物动词，构成attend to sb. / sth.结构，意为“处理；对付；照料；关怀”（句4）。
b
b
【拓展】attend, join, take part in都可意为“参加”，区别如下：
attend后主要接meeting, conference, school, ceremony等作宾语；join后的宾语主要是表示团体、组织(如军队、党派)、一群人、游戏等的名词，如party, army, club等；take part in后的宾语主要是某项活动，如discussion, movement, revolution, debate等。
【小试】 将下列句子翻译成汉语。
Many children in the poor village can’t
attend school although they have
reached the school age.
2. Daniel is sick now and he needs someone
to attend to him.
丹尼尔现在生病了，需要有人照顾他。
那个穷村子的许多孩子虽然到了上学的年龄但却上不了学。
e.g. 1. The wolf opened its mouth
to ______ a row of sharp
teeth.
2. Don’t ______ your skin to the sun; your skin will be hurt.
expose
expose
expose
e.g. The police began to look into the case, but the eyewitness was afraid to _______ the murderer. Meaning
“to make known; to tell the truth”
expose
揭发
* When you have a pain in your shoulders, you will go to see a doctor. The doctor will _____ you. He will ____ the pain in your shoulders. Aspirin is said to be a wonderful _____ for the pain.
cure
cure
cure
cure
v. 治愈
n. 疗法
* Although the boy was beyond _____, his parents tried to ____ him of bad habits.
* The prices are going up every day, but there is no _____ for rising prices.
cure
cure
cure
不可救药
n. 对策
e.g. Clever children absorb knowledge
easily.
聪明孩子容易吸收知识。
Aspirin is quickly absorbed by /into the
body. 阿司匹林很快被身体吸收了。
The strong states often absorbed the
small states in the past.
过去大国兼并小国。
absorb 吸收; 吸引; 使专心; 合并; 吞并
He is absorbed in his business.
他专心致志的处理业务。
be absorbed in = concentrate on
表示“专心于某事”
e.g. He is absorbed in the research of
Chinese history recently.
absorb one’s attention
e.g. Chinese history absorbs his
attention recently.
be absorbed by
被……吞并；为……所吸收
absorb … into
吞并；吸……到……
absorb one’s time
占用某人的时间
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
严重急性呼吸道症候群
Do you know the full name of SARS
severe
severe用作形容词，当它的意思为“严重的；严肃的”时，和serious相近；当它的意思为“严厉的；严格的”时，与strict 相近，常用结构be severe on (upon) / with sb. 表示“对某人严厉或严格”；此外它还有“剧烈的；尖锐的；朴素的”的意思。
e.g. The drought is becoming
increasingly severe.
旱灾日趋严重。
He is severe with his children.
和对子女很严格。
You are too severe on (upon) the boy.
你对那个男孩太严厉了。
I felt a severe pain in the chest.
我感到胸口剧烈疼痛。
表示“伤势严重”要用severe, 不用serious; 但指“疾病严重”时, 两者都可与illness连接。
e.g. She received severe head injuries in the
accident.
在事故中她的头部受了重伤。
I was laid up for six weeks with a severe
/serious illness.
由于重病，我卧床六个星期。
此句不可用serious。
泵 (油泵; 气泵), 抽水机, 打气筒
pump
If have a flat tyre, you will pump air into the tyre. (You will pump up your tyre.)
When my car was short of gas, I went to the gas station, where the guy pumped gas.
pump
v. 打气
v. 打气
We had a debate yesterday. The lively debate really pumped us up.
His heart was pumping fast.
During the drought last year, the villagers had pumped the well dry, but got no more water.
v. 给……打气
v. 心跳
v. 用唧筒抽(水等); 用唧筒抽吸......中的水等
酒馆
bar
旅馆;
小店
pub, public house
blame
【观察】 仔细观察下列句子并体会blame在句中的词性、含义及用法。
Many children are afraid of being
blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.
2. It’s no use blaming our defeat on the player.
3. It’s you who are to blame for the
accident.
4. You must take the blame for the
mistakes in the report.
5. The boss always puts the blame for the
failure on us.
【点拨】blame作动词，意为“责备；谴责”，可构成：blame sb. / sth. for sth.
因某事而指责某人/某事（句1）；______
_____________ 把某事归咎于某人/某事（句2）；_________________ 对某事负有责任（主动表被动）（句3）；
blame作名词，意为“过失；责备”，可构成：take the blame承担责任（句4）；put the blame for sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人。
blame sth. on sb. / sth.
be to blame for sth.
【小试】 将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 那次事故怪不着孩子们。
2. 警察把那起交通事故归咎于Jack的粗心
驾驶。
The police blamed the traffic accident on Jack’s careless driving.
The children were not to blame for the accident.
handle
A. 操作; 运用 B. 经销; 买卖 C. 管理 D. 对待 E. 应付 F. 控制; 管
handle v.
Choose the Chinese explanations in the box.
1. Ms Hawkins, the chief accountant of the company handles the company’s accounts.
C. 管理
2. The children are so naughty that I
can’t handle them.
3. She handled a difficult argument
skillfully.
F. 控制; 管
E. 应付
4. Handle children kindly, if you want them to trust you.
5. This shop handles paper and stationery.
6. He learnt how to handle the axe.
D. 对待
B. 经销；买卖
A. 操作；运用
in addition
also
as well as
besides
used when adding another
fact to what has already
been mentioned
e.g. In addition to apples you asked for, I
bought you some oranges.
in addition
2. The two towns are linked
by a railway. v. 连接
1. A lot of links fitted together
form a chain. n.(链状物的)环, 节
3. The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.
link
4. 研究人员发现了吸烟和心脏病之间的关系。
Researchers have detected a link between smoking and heart disease.
1. The captain announced that the plane was going to land.
2. The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain.
3. The army announced a cease-fire.
announce
4. It has been announced that Mr. A and Miss B will be married next week.
Meaning
* to make known publicly; to give information using a loudspeaker, esp. at an airport or railway station
5. The announcer announces three programs a week.
* to introduce a program on TV or radio
* train approach announcement
* He waited for the announcement
of the result of the competition.
* make an announcement
announcement
instruct
instruct 意思为“命令；指示；嘱咐；吩咐；教导（教授知识或技术）；训练”。其名词形式为instructor（教员；教练）和instruction（命令；指示；说明）。
e.g. The teacher instructed him to start early.
老师命令他早动身。
I’ve been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.
我得到指示在这儿等到讲课老师到来。
He instructs a class in history.
他教授一个班的历史。
Read the instructions on the pocket.
看一下袋子上的说明。
instruct … in…
instruct 指向一个人或一组人传授知识, 但并不清楚他们是否学到什么。
teach 是最普通的词, 可指或不指学术方面的学习; 作不及物动词时, 表示教书生涯。
tutor 指一学生与一老师的关系, 常指课外的一个教师对一个学生的补习工作。
educate指范围更广泛的学术过程, 完成比teach更大的结果。
train指使一个人或一组人在某一专门的技能或职业方面达到必要的水平, 也可指训练动物。
coach 指在普通的教育体系之外训练或培养一个人或一组人, 常为了通过某项专门的考试。
e.g. I taught history for many years.
我教历史好多年了。
Who taught you to ride a bicycle
谁教你骑自行车的？
He instructed us in English, but some
of them made little progress.
他教我们英语，但我们有些人几乎
没有进步。
是指学术的
不是指学术的
In his spare time, he tutored me in English.
在课余时间，他教我英语。
The writer was educated at a very good school.
这位作家在一所很好的学校里受过教育。
It takes several years to train a doctor.
培养一名医生要花好几年时间。
He coached her for the English examination. 他辅导她英语考试。
根据提示将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 如果有人该承担责任, 那就是我。(blame)
2. 不要把皮肤直接暴露在阳光下。(expose ... to)
If anyone’s to blame, it’s me.
Don’t expose your skin to sunlight directly.
3. 黑色墙壁在白天吸收大量的热。(absorb)
4. 此外, 你还可以利用业余时间学一门外语。 (in addition)
Black walls absorb a lot of heat during the day.
In addition, you can learn a foreign language in your spare time.
5. 这条丝绸之路在古代把中国和西方连接起来。 (link ... to)
6. 这种疾病就是通过咳嗽传播的。 (spread ... through)
The Silk Road linked China to the west in ancient times.
The disease is spread through coughing.
7. 他看到他父亲时很吃惊。(过去分词作表语)
8. 我每天早上吃一个煎鸡蛋。(过去分词作定语)
He was astonished to see his father.
I have a fried egg every morning.
9. 我们决定马上离开。(determine to)
10. 我无意暗示你错了。(suggest)
I don’t wish to suggest that you’re wrong.
We determined to leave at once.(共12张PPT)
人教课标
高二 必修 5 Unit 1
Find the word and expression from the text for each of the following meanings.
⑴ _________ someone who suffers when
something bad happens
⑵ _________ a doctor
⑶ _________ to examine and think about
something carefully
victim
physician
analyse
⑷ _________ to win a victory over
someone
⑸ _________ something that tests
strength, skill or ability
⑹ ________ a question you ask to get
information
⑺ _________ a machine for raising
water
defeat
challenge
enquiry
pump
⑻ ________ to say or think that
someone or something is
responsible for something
bad
⑼ ________ to take in
⑽ ________ to connect something with
something else
blame
absorb
link … to
2. Choose the words in their correct forms
to complete this passage.
Simon Lee was a famous footballer but his career came to an end when he developed a ______ illness. His doctor _________ that Simon had been ________ to a new virus. All attempts by the ________ to _____
foresee cure severe expert attend
announce suspect conclude expose
severe
suspected
exposed
experts
cure
him failed. Simon _______ that he would not get better and _________ that he must leave football. Finally, he __________ that he would make a new career coaching young football players. At his last match all his fans _________ and praised him by singing the popular song “Thanks for the memory”.
foresaw
concluded
announced
attended
3. Sometimes in English we put the verb make with a noun instead of using a simple verb; for example, make a mistake instead of to mistake. Look at these simple verbs and make another construction using make + a + noun. Add one more of your own.
交朋友
make friends
确保; 确定
make sure
下定决心
make up one’s mind
为......腾出空位
make room for
make a face
make the bed
一路前进; 向前
make one’s way to
make dinner
Make sentences with make phrases.(共19张PPT)
人教课标
高二 必修 5 Unit 1
Robert Briggs is very interested
in biology and especially in the study
of plants. Today he is telling his friend
Zhang Wei some exciting news.
Before you listen to the tape
discuss with your partner how you
would find out the name of a flower.
New words in the listening passage:
species 种类
parrot 鹦鹉
blackbird 乌鸦
Now listen to the tape.
1. Which of the following statements describes what this listening passage is about Give your reasons.
A. This is about a man who wants to name
a flower.
B. This is about a man who finds a flower
and wants to own it.
C. This is about a man who finds a flower
and wants to know if it is a new species
of flower.
It does not give enough information.
B is inaccurate.
Listen to the tape again and complete the following passage.
To find the name of an unknown flower first you should ask your _______ teacher to help you. He /She will look in a special _____ written by Carl Linnaeus. He lived in _______ from ____ to _____.
biology
book
Sweden
1707
1778
He was very important because he solved a _______ problem for biology.
serious
Listen to the tape for the third time and answer these questions.
1. If Robert Briggs finds the flower in the book, what does that mean
It means that his flower has already been identified and has a name.
2. How would he know if his lily is a new species
He would know by checking his lily against other lilies in the specialist book. If his lily is different it will be a new species.
3. Why do plants all have two names
All plants have two names just like people. The first is the group of flowers they belong to and is like the family name. The second is the kind of flower within that group and is like a given/personal name.
4. What was the serious problem for biology that Linnaeus solved
Before Linnaeus there was no way of finding out whether a plant was new or not. This caused problems because different scientists claimed that they had found and named flowers first. After he organized his system it was easy to discover whether a plant was new or not and so who had the right to name it.
Make a list of all the great mathematicians that you know of or have learned about. What do you know of their achievements
Leonhard Euler (1707-1783)
Nationality Swiss
Fields Mathematician and Physicist
pure (纯的) symbol (符号)
Л (圆周率) sine (正弦)
cosine (余弦) topology (拓扑学)
angle (角) diagram (图表)
Read the words below and learn to pronounce them correctly.
pure (纯的) symbol (符号)
Л (圆周率) sine (正弦)
cosine (余弦) topology (拓扑学)
angle (角) diagram (图表)
Listen to Part 1 and tick the words below that Euler introduced into mathematics.
Euler’s new branch of mathematics
Why Euleer is considered to be a great mathema-
tician
Listen to Part 2 and fill in the chart below.
topology
introduced many new symbols into maths
wrote more books than anyone before or since
discovered a new branch of mathematics
What was the problem of the city of
Konigsberg
It had a river running through it. The centre of Konigsberg is an island and as it passes the island the river breaks into two parts. Seven bridges were built so that the people of the city could get from one part to another. The people wondered if you could walk around the city so that you would cross each bridge only once.(共43张PPT)
人教课标
高二 必修 5 Unit 1
There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them What kind of role do they play in the field of science Do these achievements have anything in common Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all these questions.
Alexander Bell electricity
Thomas Edison the First telephone
Laite Brothers the electric Lamp
Madame Curie black holes in Universe
Franklin Theory of Gravity
Steven Hawking the First Plane
Elbert Einstein Radium
Isaac Newton the Theory of Relativity
Who is he
He is …
Archimedes (阿基米德)
Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float
Charles Darwin.
Who is he
He is …
Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed
Thomas Newcomen.
Who is he
He is …
Who invented the first steam engine
Gregor Mendel
Who is he
He is …
Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children
Marie Curie
Who is he
She is …
Who discovered radium
Thomas Edison
Who is he
He is …
Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities
Leonardo da Vinci
Who is he
He is …
Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people
Humphry Davy
Who is he
He is …
Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground
Stephen Hawking
Who is he
He is …
Who put forward a theory about black holes
put forward 提出
e.g. He put forward a valuable suggestion
at the meeting.
Josh put forward a plan for an outing
this weekend.
【拓展】
★ 我们在以前还学过表示“提出”的短语，它们是 ________ 和come up with。
bring up
★ 常见的put短语还有：
put away 收起来；存蓄
put off 推迟，延期
put on 穿上，戴上；上演
put out 使熄灭；生产；出版
put through 接通电话；使经历；使通过
put up 举起；修建；张贴
【小试】
选用以上短语的适当形式填空。
The suggestion ___________ by Mr.
Wang at yesterday’s meeting was a
wonderful one.
2. They decided to ______ the picnic
because of the rain.
put forward
put off
1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research Discuss in small groups the stages in setting out a new scientific idea. What order would you put them in
Draw a conclusion
Think of a method
Collect results
Make a question
Find a problem
Analyse the results
Find supporting evidence
Please put the
7 stages in right order according to the passage.
2. What do you know about infectious diseases What do you know about cholera
Germany
Great Britain
Death of first cholera case in London during the 1848-49 epidemic
London
Previous cholera epidemic in Great Britain in 1831-32
The spread of cholera
3. Look at the picture, the map and the title and predict the content of the reading passage. Then skim it quickly to see if you are right.
John Snow
Read the text (P2-3) quickly and complete the main idea of it.
The text is mainly about _____
______ and how he _______________.
John
defeated cholera
Snow
To prove a new scientific idea,
seven stages are needed. Read the text (P2-3) carefully and fill in the blanks.
Stage 1 Find a problem Thousands of people died of cholera, but nobody knew the 1. ______ of the serious disease.
Stage 2 Make a question ◆ Theory one: Cholera 2. __________ in the air and floated around until it found its victims.
◆ Theory two: When people 3. _________ cholera into their bodies with meals, their bodies were attacked.
absorbed
multiplied
cholera
Stage 3 Think of a method Began to gather information to 4. _______ that the second theory was correct.
Stage 4 Collect results Marked where the dead people had lived on a(n) 5. ______.
Stage 5 Analyse the results Looked into the 6. _______ of the water to see if the problem was the water.
map
prove
source
Broad Street
Many deaths happened here.
No death happened here.
The water from the pump was to blame.
Public house
Small, white, flocculent particles
The water was from the river which had been polluted by the dirty water from London.
Stage 6 Find supporting evidence Found supporting evidence from two other deaths: Both of them died of cholera after 7. ___________________.
Stage 7 Draw a conclusion ◆ 8. _______________
carried the virus.
◆ All the water supplies
should be 9. _________.
drinking the water
Polluted water
examined
extra evidence: A woman and her daughter who lived far away but drank the water also died.
I. Choose the best answer.
We know from the text that John Snow
______.
had collected information before
cholera broke out
B. felt not quite sure after he finished the
map
C. helped the woman from Broad
Street
D. became famous after defeating
cholera
2. Why did John Snow use a map in his
research
It could help him find exactly how
many people died of cholera.
B. It could help him find the source of
drinking water for people.
C. It could help him organize his ideas and
find evidence.
D. It could help him find his way in
Broad Street.
3. Why was cholera called “King Cholera” in the text
Because it caused many deaths.
B. Because it got its name from Queen
Victoria.
C. Because it was defeated with the help
of the King.
D. Because it was the most deadly
disease of its day.
Number these events in the
order that they happened.
___ John Snow began to test two theories.
___ An outbreak of cholera hit London in
1854.
___ John Snow marked the deaths on a
map.
1
2
4
___ He announced that the water
carried the disease.
___ John Snow investigated two streets
where the outbreak was very severe.
___ King Cholera was defeated.
___ He found that most of the deaths were
near a water pump.
___ He had the handle removed from the
water pump.
3
5
6
7
8
Answer these questions.
John Snow believed Idea 2 was
right. How did he finally prove it
John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected
information and was able to tie cases
outside the area to the polluted water.
2. Do you think John Snow would have
solved this problem without the map
Give a reason.
No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He
identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.
3. Cholera was a 19th century disease.
What disease do you think is similar
to cholera today Why
Three diseases, which are similar today, are SARS, AIDS and bird flu, because they are serious, have an unknown cause and need public health care to solve them.
Drink only water that you have boiled or treated with chlorine or iodine. Other safe drinks include tea or coffee made with boiled water and carbonated, bottled beverages with no ice.
What should you do if you’re travelling to a country that has a cholera outbreak
Eat only food that’s been thoroughly cooked and is still hot, or fruit that you’ve peeled yourself.
Avoid undercooked or raw fish and shellfish.
Avoid raw salads and vegetables.
Avoid food and drinks from street vendors.
"Boil it, cook it, peel it, or forget it."
Homework
1. Get more information about some infectious diseases and modern scientists.
2. Finish the Exercises 1, 2, 3 on pages 3 and 4.(共14张PPT)
人教课标
高二 必修 5 Unit 1
What’s Euler’s puzzle
Koningsberg is an island and there is a river breaking it into two parts.
“Seven Bridges of Konigsberg” and the famous “Euler path”.
People wondered if they could walk around the city by crossing the seven bridges without going over any of them twice or going back on himself, but Euler found he couldn’t cross all the seven ones. This is Euler’s puzzle.
The first stage in his research is to find the problem that he could cross six of the bridges without going over any of them twice or going back on himself, but he couldn’t cross all seven.
How did Euler prepare for his research
The second stage is to think of a
method: He drew a map and used
dots and lines to simplify his analysis.
Trying and observing over and over
again, he found a general rule.
It is topology. Euler’s theory is called “The Euler path”, which is expressed like this: If a figure has more than two odd points, you cannot go over it without lifting your pencil from the page or going over a line twice.
What are the theories
So the general rule that Euler found is the even points and the odd points.
Look at the following pictures:
Conclusion
Euler’s theory (一笔画)
可以一笔画只有两种情况：
1. 没有奇数顶点。
2. 只有两个奇数顶点。(共34张PPT)
人教课标
高二 必修 5 Unit 1
Nicolaus Copernicus
Birth: February 19, 1473
Death: May 24, 1543
Place of Birth: Toruń, Poland
Career:
1491-1494 Studied mathematics at Kraków Academy
1496 Went to Italy to study astronomy and law at the University of Bologna
Nicolas Copernicus
1497 Began observations of the Sun, Moon, and planets
1514 Wrote Commentariolus, an outline of his astronomical ideas, but did not circulate it widely
1543 Published De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial)
Nicolas Copernicus
We all know something about Copernicus. He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets goes around it.
At Copernicus’ time, Christian Church
was in charge of many western
countries.
T
Read the passage quickly, and tell whether the following statements are true or false.
3. Copernicus didn’t show his new theory
to his friends until he completed it.
4. His friends were not interested in his
ideas.
T
F
2. Copernicus noticed that observed from the earth, some planets appears in front of or behind the earth.
F
5. Since he was not afraid of being attacked by the Church, Copernicus published his book as soon as he finished working on it.
6. Newton, Einstein, and Hawking are all scientists who made contribution to the study of the universe.
F
T
Read the passage carefully and try to draw the two theories of the universe.
Before Copernicus’ theory Showing Copernicus’ theory
A diagram showing the solar system with the Earth at its centre
A diagram showing the solar system with the Sun at its centre
Analyze the following picture carefully and try to explain how a loop is formed.
1). Mao Zedong is the great leader of the Chinese R_________.
evolution
1. Fill in the blankets with proper words.
2). The Invention of the computer caused a r_________ in our way of living.
evolution
3). Sun Zhongsan is a great r___________ leader.
4).Yuan Longping created a r___________ new way of growing rice.
evolutionary
evolutionary
1) to have a clear meaning
No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn’t make sense.
It makes sense to take care of your health.
2) to be wise course of action
2. make sense
3. spin
spun
spin a top
a spinning coin
a spinning wheel
spun
spinning
We span the coin to see who would have first turn.
I spun around to see who had spoken.
4. enthusiastic: be interested in
She’s very ______________________ singing.
We explain our plan, and he is very ___________.
enthusiastic about / over
enthusiastic
enthusiastic enthusiasm enthusiastically
She shows boundless __________ for the work.
She greeted him _____________ with a kiss.
She is very __________ about Eastern music.
enthusiasm
enthusiastically
enthusiastic
5. cautious: careful to avoid risk
be cautious about / of sb. / sth.
cautiously
The bank is very cautious about lending money.
银行在贷款方面十分慎重。
The guard warned me to be cautious about strangers.
My father is a very cautious driver.
警卫告戒我要当心陌生人。
我的爸爸是一位非常谨慎的司机。
cautious; curious
a. I’ve always been very _______ about giving my address to strangers.
b. He is very _______ about the origin of mankind.
cautious
curious
If you don’t like Tom, you may r_____ his gift.
If you don’t think the suggestion is suitable for you, you may r____ it.
eject
eject
6. reject: refuse to accept
reject
an offer
a possibility
a theory
refuse to accept
rejected
candidate
applicant
请选用方框内所给词的适当形式填空。
Tom dreamed of joining the army when he was very young. He was very _______ and made a plan to study hard. He was __________ about the plan. But when he was about 16, he got a bad
backward complete
enthusiastic cautious reject
cautious
enthusiastic
illness. Because of this, he was _________ in his studies and also he was _________ by the army. He was so sad that he almost fainted at the news. His parents suggested to him that he have other choices. Then he followed his parents’
rejected
backward complete
enthusiastic cautious reject
backward
advice and decided to go to the west to help those poor students after he __________ his studies in the college.
completed
backward complete
enthusiastic cautious reject
用适当的介词填空。
1. The quarrel led __ the fighting between the two villagers.
2. He is always positive _____ trying new ideas.
3. His father is very strict ____ him and strict __ his studies too.
to
about
with
in
4. We should base our theory __ fact.
5. The photo calls up the memory of his childhood __ times.
6. According to my point __ view, we should stick to our plan.
on
at
of
Conclusion
Euler’s theory (一笔画)
可以一笔画只有两种情况：
1. 没有奇数顶点。
2. 只有两个奇数顶点。
Homework
1. Search on the Internet for more information about Copernicus and Euler.
2. Prepare for the language study, reviewing the words and expressions in this unit.(共22张PPT)
人教课标
高二 必修5 Unit 1
说服性信函
说服性信函指以信件的形式表达自己的观点或立场，并期待对方认同或接受。在写作过程中，要以合理的语气和口吻为基调，用有说服力的素材来支撑自己的观点，以说明阐述为主，以理动人，以理服人。
【写作指导】
我们可以通过以下三个部分来进行写作：
第一部分：引入。写信人首先需要简要说明写信的主要目的。如果需要的话，也可以大致作个自我介绍。
第二部分： 阐述。这是说服性信函的主体和核心部分。写信人需要在这个部分有条理地列出自己的理由。
理由要力求客观、真实、有说服力，要重点突出、层次分明。同时，要注意适当提高语言的力度，发挥语言的功力，以更好地展现自己的立场。阐述部分决定了说服性信函的成败，需要写信人精心策划、布局，以达到最佳效果。
第三部分： 总结。可以用生动的语言重申自己的核心观点，或以情动人、
引起共鸣，或升华延伸、画龙点睛。这部分应该注意语言的简练和冲击力，切忌冗杂拖拉的表达。
写作时应注意以下几点：
1. 要注意英文书信的格式，兼顾文化差异，同时要注意避免语法错误；
2. 第一和第三部分注重简练，而第二部分作为信函的主体，要注重条理和说服力；
3. 要注意提高自己语言表达的层级，尝试使用较高级别的词汇、句型或结构。
【常用表达】
引入：
I am writing to ...
I hope that ...
That is to say ...
As far as I am concerned ...
In my opinion ...
Personally ...
阐述：
Here are my reasons. First of all, I think it would be better if ...
Second, ... Third, ...
Moreover ... What’s more ...
However ... Instead ...
Here I’d like to give my advice on ...
I would like to suggest that ...
If I were you, I would ...
总结：
In short ...
All things considered ...
To sum up ...
In brief ...
Please take my advice into consideration and make a final decision.
【实战演练】
假如你是Frank。你的同学Tom因家庭经济困难准备辍学。请你根据以下要点提示，给他写封信，说服他继续上学。
要点提示：
听到这个消息很遗憾，希望他能振作起
来、积极面对生活。
2. 学生最重要的是学习，这对未来的影响是深远的；
每个人都会在生活中遇到挫折，现实
的困难是可以克服的；可以申请贫困
补助、助学贷款或勤工俭学。
3. 愿意尽全力提供帮助，并期望他能
继续学业。
注意：
1. 词数不少于100；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使内容充实、
行文连贯；
3. 参考词汇：
贫困补助 poverty bursary；
助学贷款 student loan；
勤工俭学 take part-time jobs
【参考范文】
Dear Tom,
I am sorry to hear your story, and it surprises me that you have decided to drop out of school. I am writing to tell you that you needn’t do that and hope that you will cheer up and face life with confidence.
Here are my reasons. First of all,
as a student, to have a good education is the most important, which will have a long-lasting influence on our life. Second, every one of us will meet with some difficulties in our lives and we must face them bravely and optimistically. Third, there are lots of ways to help you get
through your present difficult situation.
You can apply for poverty bursaries, student loans or take part-time jobs.
I really hope that you will go on with your study, and I will try my best to help you.
Sincerely yours, Frank
说服性信函是我们日常生活中经常用到的一种文体，通过学习这篇写作指导，你掌握它的写作方法了吗？现在试着用英语写一篇吧。
Write a short letter asking Copernicus to publish his ideas so everyone can read them.
Sample writing
Dear Nicolaus Copernicus,
I am a student studying astronomy and
I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons.
I understand the problems with the
present theory. The way the planets move is not what you would expect if the earth was the centre of the universe. It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change. So I agree with you that we need a new theory.
I know your observations have been very carefully carried out over many years. Now you must have the courage to publish them. Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. I know you worry about what will happen if
you publish your new theory. No matter how people oppose it, time will show whether your ideas are right or wrong.
So I hope you will feel you can publish your new theory.
Yours sincerely,
(your name)
