UNIT 2 Section Ⅲ
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．We should train our students to speak English fluently and __accurately__ (accurate).
2．Some people are very __resistant__ (resist) to the idea of exercise.
3．__Resistance__ (resist) to change has nearly destroyed the industry.
4．I would oppose __changing__ (change) the law.
5．I enjoyed the play, __particularly__ (particular) the second half.
6．We are here to provide the public __with__ a service.
7．If you spend more than your income, can you try to cut __down__
8．Houseplants __requiring__ (require) constant attention are not suitable for working couples with little spare time.
9．Spaceships make it possible __to travel__ (travel) to the moon.
10．__As__ you can see, we’re still working.
Ⅱ．选词填空
keep in touch，apologise for，provide… with… ，benefit from，rather than
1．On the other hand, new technology has __provided__ people everywhere __with__ many benefits over the years.
2．The Internet has made it possible for friends and family to __keep in touch__ easily.
3．A large number of students will __benefit from__ the new teaching method.
4．The zoo needs better management __rather than__ more money.
5．The car company __apologised for__ the accident yesterday.
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Next month, I’m traveling to a remote area of Central Africa and my aim is to know enough Lingala—one of the local languages—to have a conversation. I wasn’t sure how I was going to manage this—until I discovered a way to learn all the vocabulary I’m going to need. Thanks to Memrise, the application I’m using, it feels just like a game.
“People often stop learning things because they feel they’re not making progress or because it all feels like too much hard work，” says Ed Cooke, one of the people who created Memrise. “We’re trying to create a form of learning experience that is fun and is something you’d want to do instead of watching TV. ”
Memrise gives you a few new words to learn and these are “seeds” which you plant in your “greenhouse”. When you learn the words, you “water your plants”. When the application believes that you’ve really memorized a word, it moves the word to your “garden”. And if you forget to log on, the application sends you emails, reminding you to “water your plants”.
The application uses two principles about learning. The first is that people memorize things better when they link them to a picture in their mind. Memrise translates words into your own language, but it also encourages you to use “mems”. For example, I memorized motele, the Lingala word for “engine”， using a mem I created—I imagined an old engine in a motel (汽车旅馆) room.
The second principle is that we need to stop after studying words and then repeat them again later, leaving time between study sessions. Memrise helps you with this, because it’s the kind of application you only use for five or ten minutes a day.
I’ve learnt hundreds of Lingala words with Memrise. I know this won’t make me a fluent speaker, but I hope I’ll be able to do more than just smile when I meet people in Congo. Now, I need to go and water my Vocabulary!
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一个学习外语的好帮手——Memrise。它是一款手机应用软件，旨在帮助使用者记单词。其寓教于乐的学习方式很受作者的喜爱。
1．What does Ed Cooke make an effort to do with Memrise？ __D__
A．Create memorable experiences.
B．Make progress with hard work.
C．Learning words instead of watching TV.
D．Combine study with entertainment.
解析：细节理解题。题干中的关键信息是Ed Cooke，由此可定位到文章的第二段，根据该段中的“… Ed Cooke，one of the people who created Memrise. ’We’re trying to create a form of learning experience that is fun and is something you’d want to do instead of watching TV. ’”可知，Ed Cooke创造Memrise的初衷就是使学习外语单词不再枯燥乏味，尝试用寓教于乐的学习方式让使用者更好地学习单词。故选D。
2．What are you doing when you “water your plants”？ __C__
A．Logging on to the application. B．Being a Memrise user.
C．Practising the vocabulary. D．Moving words to your garden.
解析：推理判断题。题干中的water your plants在文章中出现过两次，所以要知道其真正含义应该仔细阅读原文中第一次出现这个短语的地方，即第三段中的“Memrise gives you a few new words to learn and these are ’seeds’ which you plant in your ’greenhouse’. When you learn the words, you ’water your plants’. ”可知，Memrise会给你一些“种子”(单词)让你学习，当你练习这些单词的时候，你就是在给你的“花园”里的“植物”“浇水”，所以这里“浇灌植物”指的是“练习词汇”。故选C。
3．How does Memrise work？ __D__
A．By linking different mems together.
B．By putting knowledge into practice.
C．By offering human translation services.
D．By applying an associative memory approach.
解析：推理判断题。题干问的是Memrise的运行模式，因此可定位到第四段中的“The application uses two principles about learning. The first is that people memorize things better when they link them to a picture in their mind. ”及作者举的例子可知，该软件通过联想记忆的方法帮助使用者记单词。故选D。
4．What is the author’s attitude towards Memrise？ __B__
A．Doubtful. B．Positive.
C．Uninterested. D．Negative.
解析：观点态度题。该题问的是作者的态度，因此应该从文章中寻找作者使用该软件后的心得、体会。从第一段中的“Thanks to Memrise, the application I’m using, it feels just like a game. ”及最后一段中的“I’ve learnt hundreds of Lingala words with Memrise. ”可知，作者通过Memrise学会了很多单词，而且学习的过程也充满了乐趣，所以作者对该软件的态度是积极的。故选B。
Ⅱ．语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The advantages of technology include access to information, improved communication, educational __1．convenience__ (convenient) and advancements within various industries. Disadvantages include __2．increased__ (increase) loneliness, potential addiction and job loss. Technology continues to grow rapidly and to change different aspects of life daily.
Technology improves access to information. Modern technology, such as high speed Internet and mobile devices， __3．allows__ (allow) users to access information with the touch of a finger. The invention of computers and mobile phones has improved communication greatly. Another advantage is that technology makes it possible for __4．students__ (student) to learn online.
However, technology also has a few disadvantages. Technology has the potential __5．to create__ (create) employment instability. As technology advances, the need for human workers decreases. Robots and artificial intelligence are performing jobs __6．traditionally__ (traditional) done by humans. Growing dependency __7．on__ technology is another disadvantage. Tools such as calculators and spell checkers affect the way individuals use their brains. __8．Relying__ (rely) heavily on technology reduces creativity and competency. Individuals can become addicted to technology. Many people spend __9．a__ large amount of time checking emails, sending text messages and using social media, __10．which__ can become addictive.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科技的优点和缺点。
解析：
1．根据空格前面的形容词educational可知此处需用名词形式。故填convenience。
2．根据空格后面的名词可知此处作定语，increase与后面的名词之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填increased。
3．空格处作谓语，主语是Modern technology，是单数概念，且表示一般情况，用一般现在时，故谓语动词用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填allows。
4．此处泛指学生们，前面没有不定冠词限制，所以用复数形式。故填students。
5．此处为不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词potential。句意：科技有造成就业不稳定的可能性。故填to create。
6．根据后面的分词done判断，此处应用副词，表示“传统上是由人类完成的”。故填traditionally。
7．dependency on… “对……的依赖”为固定短语。故填on。
8．空格处在句中作主语，所以要用动名词形式，表示严重依赖技术这种现象。故填Relying。
9．a large amount of… “大量的……”为固定短语。故填a。
10．________ can become addictive为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。
Ⅲ．读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
During this past year，I’ve had three instances of car trouble. Each time these things happened, I was sick of the way most people hadn’t bothered to help. One of those times, I was on the side of the road for close to three hours with my big Jeep. I put signs in the windows, big signs that said NEED A JACK (千斤顶)，and offered money. Nothing. Right as I was about to give up, a Mexican family in a small truck pulled over, and the father bounded out.
He sized up the situation and called for his daughter, who spoke English. He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep, so we would need something to support it. Then he got a saw (锯子) from the truck and cut a section out of a big log on the side of the road. We rolled it over and put his jack on top, and we were in business.
I started taking the wheel off, and then, if you can believe it, I broke his tire iron. No worries: He handed it to his wife, and she was gone in a flash down the road to buy a new tire iron. She was back in 15 minutes. We finished the job, and I was a very happy man.
The two of us were dirty and sweaty. His wife prepared a pot of water for us to wash our hands. I tried to put a $ 20 bill in the man’s hand, but he wouldn’t take it, so instead I went up to the truck and gave it to his wife as quietly as I could. I asked the little girl where they lived. Mexico, she said. They were in Oregon so Mommy and Daddy could work on a fruit farm for the next few weeks. Then they would go home.
Paragraph 1：
When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I’d had lunch. ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
After they left, I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag. __________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I’d had lunch. I told her I hadn’t had lunch because I’d been waiting here for help for nearly three hours. The girl said they didn’t have lunch either. She suggested to her parents that we have lunch together. Their truck happened to have some food and some things for the picnic. So we ate together in a vacant lot by the side of the road. During that time, I told about what had happened to me and how I felt. They shared interesting stories about their lives in Mexico and on the fruit farm. After lunch, the girl’s mother put a paper bag of fruits in my Jeep. I showed my gratitude again and we said goodbye to each other.
Paragraph 2：
After they left, I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag. There are some delicate fruits in the paper bag. I was surprised to find the money I had quietly left them. At the same time，there was a note written by the girl, which read “We are very happy to be able to help you. We have encountered many difficulties and been disappointed. But we met a lot of helpful people, which made us feel very warm. To help others with one’s own ability is also a kind of lifting a finger. I hope you have a good life and a happy mood. ” This made me very moved，and I would try my best to help more people in the future to make our world more beautiful and warmer.UNIT 2 Section Ⅳ
Ⅰ．阅读理解
From self－driving cars to carebots for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be completely unnecessary by 2025 as artificial intelligence continues to change businesses.
“The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work, and a revolution will necessarily take place in how we plan and think about workplaces，” said Peter Andrew, Director of Workplace Strategy for CBRE Asia Pacific.
A growing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence.
The report is based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from Asia Pacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US technology already destroys more jobs than it creates.
But the report states：“Losing occupations does not necessarily mean losing jobs—just changing what people do. ” Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research.
“The growth of 20 to 40 person companies that have the speed and technological know－how will directly challenge big companies，” it states.
A 2014 report by Pew Research found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years. The optimists pictured “a future in which robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create，” according to Aaron Smith, the report’s co－author.
“Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people, there were billions of jobs. There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change，” Microsoft’s Jonathan Grudin told researchers.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。人工智能改变商业结构，专家称约一半的职业到2025年将会消失。
1．We can infer from the text that in the future __B__ .
A．people will face many difficulties
B．people will take up more creative jobs
C．artificial intelligence will threaten people’s lives
D．most jobs will be done in traditional workplaces
解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work… think about workplaces”以及第三段的描述可知，未来人们需要从事更具有创造性的工作。故选B。
2．According to the report, __A__ .
A．people won’t necessarily lose jobs
B．big companies will face fewer challenges
C．small companies will win against big companies
D．most people will become interested in technology
解析：细节理解题。由第五段中的“Losing occupations does not necessarily mean losing jobs—just changing what people do. ”可知，职业消失并不意味着工作必然丢失——它仅仅改变了人们做的事情。故选A。
3．What is the attitude of most experts in artificial intelligence and robotics to the future？ __C__
A．Mixed. B．Worried.
C．Hopeful. D．Doubtful.
解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future”和“The optimists pictured’a future in which robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create，’”可知，大多数人工智能和机器人领域的专家对未来持乐观态度。故选C。
4．Jonathan Grudin’s words in the last paragraph suggest that
__A__ .
A．there will be enough jobs for people
B．things will change a lot in a few years
C．many people will become unemployed
D．technology will totally change future jobs
解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的“more jobs seem likely to be created… when we reached a few billion people there were billions of jobs. ”可知，微软公司的Jonathan Grudin认为，更多的工作会被创造出来，人们会有足够的就业机会。故选A。
Ⅱ．七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some experts feel that the automobile is to “die”. They see a day in the not－too－distant future when all automobiles will be abandoned. __1．A__ They think that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the near future.
__2．E__ It should become smaller, safer, and cheaper, and should not be powered by the petrol engine. The car in the future should be far more pollution－free than present types.
Regardless of its power source, the automobile in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic jams. __3．C__
When the automobile enters the freeway system, a retractable (可缩进的) arm, which can be moved forwards or backwards, will drop from the automobile and make contact with a rail, which is similar to the electrically powered subway trains. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and the control of the vehicle will be passed to a central computer. __4．B__
The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the freeway. __5．G__ It is estimated that an automated freeway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present－day freeway.
A．Other authorities, however, think the automobile is here to stay.
B．The computer will then monitor all of the car’s movements.
C．One proposed solution to this problem is the automated freeway system.
D．Experts have different views on what role the automobile will play in the near future.
E. The motor car will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years.
F. Drivers in the freeway svstem can sit back and do nothing but control the direction.
G. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了未来汽车和高速公路的变化。
解析：
1．结合上文的内容以及下文中的句子“They think that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the near future. ”可知，空处前后表示对比。空处应表示其他一些专家认为汽车还会被保留下来。故选A。
2．根据下文中的句子“It should become smaller，safer，and cheaper, and should not be powered by the petrol engine. ”可知，空处应表示毫无疑问接下来的30年内汽车将会大大改变。故选E。
3．根据上文中的句子“Regardless of its power source… traffic jams. ”和下文中的“the freeway system”可知，空处应表示这个问题的一个解决方法是自动化高速公路系统。故选C。
4．根据上文的“the control of the vehicle will be passed to a central computer”可知，空处应表示电脑会监控汽车的所有活动。故选B。
5．根据上文中的句子“The computer will calculate the best route，and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the freeway. ”可知，空处应表示司机可以自由放松地等着蜂鸣器提醒他注意要到出口了。故选G。
Ⅲ．完形填空
I had an interesting question from my 10－year－old daughter Claire. She asked me if I had always been this confident. I thought about it for a while and gave her the best answer in terms of my own personal development.
I was born and __1．C__ in a small town in Zambia. From a very young age I was encouraged to __2．D__ the world and ask as many questions as I could. My grandfather was a(n) __3．B__ holding a high position in the government, but he treated everyone with __4．A__ like what others did to him. And I often watched him __5．C__ with people that way. As a child, I was determined to be like him __6．D__ I grew up. I wanted to make people feel good about __7．A__ and have meaningful conversations that would __8．B__ people to take action and create a better world for everyone.
As an ordinary African girl, I know what life had to __9．D__ . And I also knew that I would have some bad days as well as good days. I saw this with my parents, as they __10．B__ hid their feelings or situations. And from that, I had a __11．A__ view of my reality.
I tell Claire that my confidence comes from within and I am bound to __12．C__ moments when I’m worried about whether things will work in my __13．D__ ,_but I have the courage not to give up on my dreams. It’s the strong belief that I am good enough and I can do it that has had me going for the last 20 years. A bird sitting on a tree is never afraid that the branch will __14．B__ because its trust is not on the branch but on its own __15．C__ . Always believe in yourself.
文章大意：这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要说明了作者的女儿问作者是否一直都这么自信，作者用自己的成长经历来告诉女儿信心来自内心，要有不放弃梦想的勇气，相信自我。
1．A．called on B．taken in
C．brought up D．turned down
解析：考查短语动词辨析。句意：我出生在赞比亚的一个小镇，并在那里长大。 call on呼吁； take in领会； bring up抚养长大； turn down关小。根据上文“I was born and”可推知作者在赞比亚的一个小镇出生，并在那里长大。故选C。
2．A．conquer B．change
C．rule D．explore
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：从很小的时候，我就被鼓励去探索这个世界，尽可能多地问问题。 conquer征服； change改变； rule统治； explore探索。根据下文“ask as many questions as I could”可知作者是被鼓励去探索这个世界的。故选D。
3．A．clerk B．official
C．guard D．servant
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的祖父是一位官员，在政府中身居高位，但他对待每个人都很尊重，就像别人对待他一样。 clerk职员； official官员； guard守卫； servant仆人。根据下文“holding a high position in the government”可知祖父是一个官员。故选B。
4．A．respect B．pride
C．justice D．coldness
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。 respect尊敬； pride骄傲； justice正义； coldness寒冷。结合下文“like what others did to him”可推知祖父对每个人都很尊敬，别人也都很尊敬他。故选A。
5．A．argue B．reason
C．communicate D．negotiate
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常看到他这样与人交流。 argue争论； reason说服； communicate交流； negotiate协商。结合上文祖父是官员，因此作者应当是看到他与人交流，其他选项不符合语境。故选C。
6．A．before B．until
C．if D．when
解析：考查连词辨析。句意：作为一个孩子，我决心长大后要像他一样。 before在……之前； until直到； if如果； when当……时候。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。故选D。
7．A．themselves B．herself
C．ourselves D．himself
解析：考查代词辨析。句意：我想让人们自我感觉良好，进行有意义的对话，激励人们采取行动，为每个人创造一个更好的世界。 themselves他们自己； herself她自己； ourselves 我们自己； himself他自己。此处指代上文people应用themselves。故选A。
8．A．force B．inspire
C．urge D．attract
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。 force迫使； inspire鼓舞； urge催促； attract吸引。根据下文“people to take action”可知是鼓舞人们采取行动。故选B。
9．A．demand B．reward
C．compose D．offer
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个普通的非洲女孩，我知道生活必须给予什么。 demand要求； reward报酬； compose谱写； offer提供。结合后文“And I also knew that I would have some bad days as well as good days. ”可知作者知道日子会有好有坏，生活会给予些什么。故选D。
10．A．always B．never
C．frequently D．occasionally
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在父母身上看到了这一点，因为他们从不掩饰自己的感受和处境。 always总是； never从不； frequently频繁地； occasionally偶尔。结合上文“I saw this with my parents”可知作者的父母从不掩饰自己的感受和处境。故选B。
11．A．balanced B．casual
C．cautious D．critical
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我对我的现实有了一个平衡的看法。 balanced平衡的； casual随便的； cautious小心的； critical批评的。结合上文“And I also knew that I would have some bad days as well as good days. ”可知作者知道日子有好有坏，因此对现实也有一个平衡的看法。故选A。
12．A．remember B．ignore
C．meet D．appreciate
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一定会遇到一些时刻。 remember记住； ignore忽视； meet遇见； appreciate欣赏。结合下文“moments”可知是指遇到一些时刻。故选C。
13．A．taste B．sight
C．place D．favor
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我担心事情的发展是否会对我有利的时刻，我有勇气不放弃自己的梦想。 taste品尝； sight视力； place地方；位置； favor帮助。in one’s favour意为“对……有利”。故选D。
14．A．grow B．break
C．cross D．bend
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：树上的鸟从不害怕树枝会折断，因为它相信的不是树枝，而是自己的翅膀。 grow生长； break断开；打破； cross穿过； bend弯曲。结合下文“because its trust is not on the branch but on its own”可知树上的鸟从不害怕树枝会折断，因为它相信的不是树枝，而是自己的翅膀。故选B。
15．A．legs B．feet
C．wings D．eyes
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。leg腿； foot脚； wing翅膀； eye眼睛。结合上文“A bird sitting on a tree”可知鸟相信的是自己能够飞的翅膀。故选C。
Ⅳ．语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Keep Your Eyes Open for Weight Loss Ads
“In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight. ”
“Two full inches in the first three days！”
These are the kinds of statements __1．used__ (use) in magazine, newspaper, radio and television ads, __2．promising__ (promise) new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of products say they __3．can__ shape the legs, slim the face and smooth wrinkles. Often such products are nothing more than money－making things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health.
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, __4．it__ is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug, FDA(Food and Drug Administration) can require proof that it is safe and effective before it __5．is put__ (put) on the market. But if the product is a device, FDA has no authority __6．to require__ (require) premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. __7．If__ a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure (查封) of the product. One notable case a few years ago __8．involved__ (involve) an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, __9．which__ had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds __10．that__ it was dangerous to health and life.
文章大意：本文为说明文。介绍了一些所谓的塑身、健美、美容的商品广告，商家和促销商仅仅是为了挣钱，而实际的结果令人怀疑，有些还有害于健康。事实证明，许多投放在市场上的医疗设备并不受法律的约束，在购买前消费者要自己判断它们的安全和效果。
解析：
1．考查过去分词。句意：这些都是在杂志、报纸、广播和电视广告中使用的语句。此处与statements是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词，表被动。故填used。
2．考查现在分词。句意：向那些购买药物或设备的人承诺新身材和新面貌。此处与statements是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词作状语，表主动。故填promising。
3．考查情态动词。句意：该产品的推广人员表示，它们可以塑形腿部，瘦脸，抚平皱纹。can“能够”。故填can。
4．考查代词。句意：了解这些产品是如何合法地向公众推广的，有必要了解一些相关法律。此处是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，应使用代词it。故填it。
5．考查语态。句意：如果该产品是一种药物，美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)可以要求证明它是安全有效的，然后才能投放市场。根据句意可知，it和动词put是被动关系，作谓语应使用被动语态。故填is put。
6．考查不定式。句意：但如果该产品是一种设备，FDA无权要求上市前提供安全性或有效性的证明。authority后常跟不定式作定语，have no authority to do sth. “无权做某事”。故填to require。
7．考查条件状语从句。句意：如果已经上市的产品对健康构成威胁，FDA可以要求生产商或分销商自愿将其撤出市场，也可以采取法律行动，包括没收该产品。if“如果”。故填If。
8．考查时态。句意：几年前，一个著名的案例涉及一种名为Relaxacisor的电子设备。根据时间状语a few years ago可知，此处应使用一般过去时。故填involved。
9．考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是the Relaxacisor，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。
10．考查固定结构。句意：FDA对该经销商采取了法律行动，停止销售该设备，理由是它对健康和生命有危险。固定结构：on the grounds that“由于(根据)”。故填that。
Ⅴ. 应用文写作
(2021·江苏常州期中)
最近，你们班就人类是否应该研究克隆技术进行了讨论，请你根据下表提供的信息，就此事写一篇100词左右的文章。
支持 1．克隆技术对人类有益；2．有助于保护物种，尤其是珍稀、濒危物种；3．有助于医学研究，帮助解决医学难题
反对 1．违背自然规律，自食其果；2．容易被人利用，造成社会混乱
你的观点 至少两点
注意：开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Recently, our class has held a heated debate on whether to develop cloning technology or not. Different people hold different opinions.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Recently, our class has held a heated debate on whether to develop cloning technology or not. Different people hold different opinions.
Some students are in favour of cloning technology, thinking it is beneficial to human beings. First, cloning technology can help protect various species, especially some rare and endangered species. Hopefully, the future generation will see as many species as we see today. Second, it is good for medical research and can help doctors to solve many difficult problems.
On the other hand, other students object and believe it does more harm than good. From their point of view, if human beings go against nature, we will suffer the consequences of our actions. And some people may use cloning technology for bad purposes and thus our society could become a real mess.
In my view, cloning technology is important for the advance in science, and in the long run, it will bring people more benefits. But we should make use of cloning technology in a reasonable way.UNIT 2 Section Ⅰ
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．Having been exposed to abstract art too often, he gradually developed a __preference __(偏爱) for it.
2．He hated being in the army because he had to obey __commands__ (命令).
3．Stores spend more and more on __crime__ (犯罪活动) prevention every year.
4．Every __available__ (可找到的) doctor was called to the scene.
5．His childhood __fantasies__ (梦想) about becoming a famous football player have finally come true.
6．Ever since your product entered our market two years ago，it has shown a great market __potential__ (潜力).
7．Television is a very __efficient__ (高效的) medium for spreading information.
8．Our defeat was expected but it is disappointing __nevertheless__ (尽管如此).
9．The tests are designed to __detect__ (查明) the disease early.
10．If your talent __combines__ (结合) with diligence, you can achieve your dream.
Ⅱ．选词填空
daily routine，switch off，catch fire，keep in touch with，warn… of… ，no longer，keep track of，have a preference for
1．Since reading “Your Money or Your Life” a few years ago, I’ve __kept track of__ every penny I spent.
2．It is important to __keep in touch with__ the latest research.
3．My __daily routine__ included going to the gym for a workout before going to work.
4．With all the problems settled, she __no longer__ feared that they should misunderstand her.
5．Don’t stand too close to that stove. Your clothes may __catch fire__.
6．It upset her when men __had a preference for__ her sister.
7．I tried to __warn__ him __of__ the danger, but he was determined to get his own way.
8．You should always __switch off__ the electricity before going on holiday.
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
(2021·辽宁六校高一联考)
Futurologists are making a lot of predictions about our future life and they are predicting how we will travel, work and live in the next 30 years. By 2051，some futurologists foresee that some“talking” buildings will appear in our life.
By the middle of the century, it’s believed that buildings will be able to“talk”to people through various sensors when the heating needs to be turned on. As a result, there will be no switches. Instead, a lot of networks will appear, which can be compared to a human nervous system. In the next 30 years, buildings will be made from concrete plastics and shape－changing materials. All of them can heal themselves at that time. As architects(建筑师) are racing to develop the world’s tallest buildings, there will be a need for new kinds of elevators, through which vehicles could even travel into the buildings. German engineers have already started working on such technology called Multi.
By mid－century, scientists believe that buildings will be miles tall. Some of them may be very large and they can function as small cities. By comparison, at present, the world’s tallest building, the Burj Khalifa Tower in Dubai, measures 828 metres high. As the future building can rise through the clouds, their windows will be replaced by virtual screens. In this way, people can choose any view as they like.
At height extremes, a London Spaceport is also likely to come into being by 2048 as the space industry develops very quickly. There is a huge cost advantage going to space from as high a base as possible, so a spaceport is very likely to be over 10 km and even as much as 30 km，using carbon－based materials.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了未来的建筑是什么样子。
1． How will the heating system be controlled in the future？ __B__
A．Through the net. B．Through sensors.
C．Through switches. D．Through mobiles.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“By the middle of the century, it’s believed that buildings will be able to ’talk’ to people through various sensors when the heating needs to be turned on. ”可知，未来供热系统通过传感器来控制。故选B。
2．What might happen to the future buildings in a disaster？ __A__
A．They can recover by themselves.
B．They can seek help automatically.
C．They can transport people into space.
D．They can protect people against harm.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句“In the next 30 years, buildings will be made from concrete plastics and shape－changing materials. All of them can heal themselves at that time. ”可知，未来建筑在灾难中可以自行恢复。故选A。
3．What’s likely to be the advantage of Multi？ __B__
A．Seeing the scenes as you please.
B．Allowing vehicles to travel into buildings.
C．Connecting the earth with the space.
D．Making it possible to build high buildings.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“As architects are racing to develop the world’s tallest buildings, there will be a need for new kinds of elevators, through which vehicles could even travel into the buildings. German engineers have already started working on such technology called Multi. ”可知，Multi的优点是能够让车辆在楼房中穿梭。故选B。
4．What does the underlined word “they”(Para. 3) most probably refer to？ __C__
A．Scientists. B．German engineers.
C．Future buildings. D．Virtual screens.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一、二句“… scientists believe that buildings will be miles tall. Some of them may be very large… ”可知，这里的they指的是future buildings。故选C。
Ⅱ．七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Futurologists predict that life will probably be very different in 2050．
TV channels will have disappeared. __1．G__ Today, we can use the World Wide Web to read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometers away. By 2050, music, films, programs, newspapers and books will come to us by computer.
__2．D__Cars will have computers to control the speed and there won’t be any accidents. Today, many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are. By 2050, the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination.
__3．A__ Many factories already use robots. Big companies prefer robots—they don’t ask for pay rises or go on strike, and they work 24 hours a day. By 2050，we will see robots everywhere—in factories, schools, offices, hospitals, shops and homes.
__4．C__Today, there are devices that connect directly to the brain to help people hear. By 2050，we will be able to help blind and deaf people to see and hear again with the help of new technology.
Scientists will have discovered how to control genes. __5．B__ By 2050, scientists will be able to produce clones of people, and decide how they look, how they behave and how clever they are. Scientists will be able to do these things，but should they
A．Robots will have replaced people in factories.
B．Scientists have already produced clones of animals.
C．Medical technology will have controlled many diseases.
D．Cars will run on new, clean fuels and they will go very fast.
E. No one can predict what our world will look like in the near future.
F. So many changes have taken place in this planet that there will be no life existing on it.
G. Instead, people will choose a program from a “menu”and a computer will send the program directly to the television.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章对 2050 年人们的生活将会发生哪些变化进行了预测。
解析：
1．本段第一句中提到电视频道将会消失，该空应紧承上文，介绍在没有电视频道的情况下人们如何选择电视节目，G项符合语境。故选G。
2．第三段主要介绍了2050年的交通，中心词是car。只有D项与这一话题有关。故选D。
3．第四段主要是围绕机器人的普遍应用展开的，A项“机器人将代替人们在工厂里工作。”符合该段语境。故选A。
4．根据第五段可知，到2050年，盲人和耳聋的人将能在医疗技术的帮助下恢复视力和听力，故C项“医疗技术将会控制很多疾病。”总领本段。故选C。
5．最后一段主要是围绕克隆技术展开的，只有B项与该话题有关。故选B。
Ⅲ．语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li Qiang was taking up the prize to travel to 3008 AD．It was his first time that he __1．had traveled __(travel) to space. So he was unsettled for the journey. Luckily, his friend and guide Wang Ping gave him much help.
__2．Transported__(transport) by Wang Ping’s parents’ company, he arrived in the future in a time capsule. At first, he found it hard __3．to tolerate__(tolerate) the new surroundings and his head ached __4．for__ lack of fresh air. Wang Ping hurried him to a small room for __5．a__ rest and then they each collected a hovering carriage driven by computer. Soon Li Qiang could fly as __6．swiftly__(swift) as Wang Ping. __7．But__ he lost sight of Wang Ping because of too many hovering carriages __8．flying__(fly) by in all directions. Wang Ping was swept up into the center of them. After a while Li Qiang caught up with him.
Arriving at a strange－looking house, Wang Ping showed Li Qiang into a large room. The wall of the room was made of trees. The leaves of the trees provided __9．it__ with much－needed oxygen. After having a meal and a bath, Li Qiang found himself __10．exhausted__(exhaust) and then he slid into bed.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了李强和王平乘坐时间飞船穿越到未来的故事。
解析：
1．考查时态。句意：这是他第一次太空旅行。固定句式：It is/was the… time that 主语＋完成时态意为“这是某人第几次做某事了”，如果主句是一般现在时，从句通常使用现在完成时；如果主句是一般过去时，从句通常使用过去完成时。故填had traveled。
2．考查分词作状语。句意：被王平父母的公司运送，他坐着时光机器来到了未来。本句主语he与动词transport构成被动关系，要用过去分词作状语。故填Transported。
3．考查不定式用法。句意：起初他发现忍受新环境很难。句中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语to tolerate the new surroundings。故填不定式to tolerate。
4．考查介词短语。句意：因为缺少新鲜空气，他的头很疼。介词短语for lack of意为“因为缺少……”，表示上下文因果关系。故填介词for。
5．考查冠词。句意：王平把他敦促到一个小房间里休息。rest“休息”，可数名词。故填不定冠词a。
6．考查副词。句意：很快李强就可以和王平飞得一样快了。在英语里副词通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子；而形容词通常作定语修饰名词；句中应该使用副词修饰动词fly。故填副词swiftly。
7．考查连词。句意：但因为有很多朝着各个方向飞行的汽垫车，他看不到王平。根据句意可知，上下文之间是转折关系，要用表示转折关系的连词。故填But。
8．考查现在分词。句意同上题。名词carriages与动词fly构成主动关系，要用现在分词短语作定语，作用相当于定语从句。故填现在分词flying。
9．考查代词。句意：树叶给房间提供了迫切需要的氧气。代词it可以指代上文提及的同一事物，本句中it指代前面一句中的名词room。故填it。
10．考查形容词。句意：吃完饭洗完澡以后，李强发现自己非常疲惫，就上床睡觉了。形容词exhausted意为“疲惫不堪的”，该词通常修饰人，在本句中作宾语补足语补充说明动词found的宾语himself。故填exhausted。(共29张PPT)
UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
夯基提能作业
单元语法精析
语法专题练习
单元语法精析
语法精讲
一、将来进行时
定义：将来进行时是指将来某个时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作，常用来表示礼貌的询问、请求等。
基本结构：主语＋will/shall be＋doing
将来进行时的用法
用法：
1．表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，一般带状语。
What will you be doing at this time next Monday
下周一的这个时候你会做什么？
When he comes to my house tomorrow，I will be writing the report.
明天他来我家时，我将在写报告。
2．表示现在正在进行的动作，但这个动作会延续到将来。
I wonder if it will still be raining this afternoon.
我想知道今天下午是否还会一直下雨。
I think that she will be working on this experiment until next morning.
我想她会一直在做这个实验直到第二天早上。
3．表示预定的将来动作或对将来的预测。
Tomorrow I will be flying to Bombay.
明天我将飞往孟买。
After you take the medicine，you will be feeling much better.
吃完药后，你会感觉好很多。
4．表示委婉的请求。
When shall we be meeting again
我们什么时候能再见面？
5．表示原因。
Please come tomorrow afternoon. Tomorrow morning I’ll be having a meeting.
请明天下午过来。明天上午我将有一个会议。
6．表示结果。
Stop the child or he will be falling over.
阻止那个孩子，要不然他会摔跤的。
7．表示对将来的打算(区别于对将来的预测)。
My duties will end in July，and I’ll be returning to Beijing.
七月我将结束工作，返回北京。
单句语法填空
①“You’d better not ring me up between 9 and 10. I ______________ (have) an important meeting then，” Dr. Lee said.
②If we keep working hard like this，we ______________(make) a miracle.
will be having
will be making
③Will you ___________(use) your bicycle at 7:00 p. m.
④Just think! This time next week we _______________(sit) in the sun in the south of France.
⑤Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ________________(teach) a class at that time.
be using
will be sitting
will be teaching
二、将来进行时与一般将来时的区别
1．一般将来时是指将来某个时间将要发生的动作和状态，基本结构是主语＋will/shall do；将来进行时是指将来某个时间正在进行的动作，基本结构是：主语＋will/shall be＋doing。
I’ll read a book tomorrow.
明天我要看书。
I’ll be reading a book at 10：00 tomorrow.
明天十点我将正在看书。
2．将来进行时通常表示的是对将来事实的简单陈述，而一般将来时除表示时间概念外，还带有感彩。
Tom will be cutting grass tomorrow.
汤姆明天将正在割草。
Tom will cut the grass tomorrow.
汤姆明天愿意割草。
3．两者均可表示将来，但用将来进行时语气更委婉。
When will you pay back the money
你什么时候还钱？(似乎在直接讨债)
When will you be paying back the money
这钱你什么时候还呢？(委婉地商量)
will不简单
有时一般将来时中的will含有“愿意”的意思，而用将来进行时则只是单纯地谈未来情况：
Mary won’t pay this bill.
玛丽不肯付这笔钱。(表意愿)
Mary won’t be paying this bill.
不会由玛丽来付钱。(单纯谈未来情况)
单句语法填空
①—What time is it
—I have no idea. But just a minute, I _____________(check) it for you.
②—Could I borrow your car to pick up a friend from the airport this afternoon as mine is broken
—Sorry, but I _____________(use)my car at that moment.
③This time next week we ________________(work) in that factory.
④Don’t worry, you won’t miss her. She _______________(wear) a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.
will check
will be using
shall be working
will be wearing
完成句子
⑤四川将很快建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。
More expressways _____________ in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.
⑥我敢打赌我们到家时Jack还在睡觉。
I bet Jack _____________________ when we get home.
will be built
will still be sleeping
语法专题练习
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．At 7 o’clock this evening we ___________________(celebrate) Tom’s birthday.
2．I ______________ (fly) from Miami to New York to meet the other members of the group at this time tomorrow.
3．Stop talking! We are about ___________ (begin) our class.
4．By the end of this month we ________________ (finish) our holiday in Europe.
will be celebrating
will be flying
to begin
will have finished
5．Our manager _____________ (leave) for Shanghai in a few days and he has asked me to find out when the earliest plane takes off next Wednesday.
6．He describes what houses ____________ (look) like in thirty years.
7．The car _____________ (go) at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nine o’clock tonight.
8．—Look! The light is still on at noon.
—Sorry. I ____________ (turn) it off.
9．You ______________ (arrive) in time if you hurry.
10．I ______________(take) care of the children this afternoon.
is leaving
will look
will be going
will turn
will arrive
will be taking
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．8点到10点不要给我打电话，我们那时正在上课。
Don’t call me between 8:00 and 10:00. _______________________ _______.
2．明年这个时候我可能正在美国学习。
Maybe I ________________ in America this time next year.
3．明天这个时候他们正坐在电影院。
This time next day they _____________________________.
We will be having classes
then
will be studying
will be sitting in the cinema
4．下周五这个时候Lily将正在进行演讲。
Lily ________________________ this time next Friday.
5．如果他不来，我们该怎么办？
______________ if he doesn’t come
6．我们会像今天一样生活在房子和楼里面。
________________________________ just as we do today.
will be giving a speech
What shall we do
We will be living in houses and flats
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．明天这个时候，这位医生将正在给一个病人做手术。
__________________________________________________________
2．下周一的这个时间，我们正在实验室做实验。
__________________________________________________________
3．明天这个时候我们就坐在去广州的火车上。
__________________________________________________________
Tomorrow this time, the doctor will be operating on a patient.
We will be doing experiments in the lab at this time next Monday.
This time tomorrow we’ll be sitting on the train to Guangzhou.
4．他确信采取措施后环境会越来越好。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
5．明天他会先在户外放风筝，然后去公园划船。
__________________________________________________________________________________
He is certain that the environment will be getting better and better after the measures are taken.
Tomorrow he will fly a kite in the open air first, and then will be going for a row in the park.
Ⅳ．语法主题应用
想象未来生活，以一般将来时或者将来进行时为主要时态完成写作练习。
1．在未来，社会将发生极大变化。
2．人们会越来越富有，生活会越来越方便。
3．我们将在家里网上学习而不是去学校。
4．如果我们想干什么，只需要发出一个指令，智能机器人就将代替我们做各种各样的工作。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Great changes will take place in the future. People will become richer and richer; life will be more and more convenient. We will be having lessons online at home instead of going to school. If we want to do something, the robots will be performing all kinds of tasks for us according to our commands.
夯基提能作业(共115张PPT)
UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
Section Ⅲ Using Language
课内要点探究
随堂达标验收
夯基提能作业
课前自主预习
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．重点单词
1．_____________adj. 人工的；人造的；假的
2．________ vt. 克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制 n. 克隆动物(或植物)
3．__________ vt. 预测；预言；预料
→_____________ n. 预测；预言
→______________adj. 可预见的；可预料的；意料之中的；老套乏味的
4．___________ vt. & n. 预测；预报
→_____________ n. 预测者；(尤指)天气预报员，气象预报员
artificial
clone
predict
prediction
predictable
forecast
forecaster
5．_____________ n. 职业；占领
→_________ vt. 侵占，占据
6．_________ vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠
→__________ adj. 强烈反对；截然不同的
7．________ adv. 因此；由此
8．________ vi. & vt. (使)停止；终止
9．__________ n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席
→_________ adj. 缺席的，不在场的
occupation
occupy
oppose
opposed
hence
cease
absence
absent
10．________ adj. 乡村的；农村的
→________ adj. 城市的；都市的
11．__________ vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者
→_____________ n. 拥护，支持
12．___________ n. 强调；重视；重要性
13．_________ n. 奢华
14．_________ n. 职业；事业
rural
urban
advocate
advocation
emphasis
luxury
career
15．___________ n. 可能性；前景
→______________ adj. 有望的；可能的；预期的；潜在的；即将发生的；即将来临的
16．_________ vi. & vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡
→_____________ n. 抵制；反对；抗拒
→____________ adj. 有抵抗力的
17．____________ n. 段；段落
18．___________ n. 路标
prospect
prospective
resist
resistance
resistant
paragraph
signpost
19．________ n. 文章
20．___________ adj. 精确的；准确的
→___________ n. 准确(性)；精确(程度)
21．____________ n. 图书管理员；图书馆馆长
→__________n. 图书馆
22．____________ n. 基督教徒 adj. 基督教的
essay
accurate
accuracy
librarian
library
Christian
Ⅱ．重点短语
1．_____ particular 尤其，特别
2．__________ intelligence人工智能
3．_____ the one hand… ______ the other hand 一方面……，另一方面……
4．provide sb. ________ sth. 提供某人某物
5．_________ than 而不是
6．keep ______ touch ( with… )(与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)
in
artificial
on
on
with
rather
in
7．_______ if即使，尽管
8．______ Amish 阿曼门诺派
9．place emphasis ______ 把重点放在
10．cut ________削减
11．in _________ of代替
12．be made ________由……制成
even
the
on
down
place
from
Ⅲ．重点句型
1．Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians __________ in rural America.
最著名的可能是阿曼门诺派，一群生活在美国农村的基督教徒。
2．Moreover, the Internet has ________________ for friends and family __________ in touch easily __________ they are on opposite sides of the world.
此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。
living
made it possible
to keep
even if
3．Of course, when new technology changes ______________, it can be a scary prospect.
当然，当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，这可能是一个可怕的前景。
4．I couldn’t agree ________.
我完全同意。
the way we live
more
Ⅳ．语篇解读
(Ⅰ)Judge whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passage on Page 20．
1．People in driverless cars are absolutely safe and never have an accident. ( )
2．Most people have already travelled in driverless cars recently. ( )
3．The Amish，a group of Christians，live happily without new technology. ( )
4．The latest weather-tracking computer programmes can warn people when they meet potential natural disasters. ( )
F
F
T
T
(Ⅱ)Choose the best answer.
1．What’s the main idea of the passage？ _____
A．Driverless cars is popular in the world.
B．Most people admire the Amish’s happy life with natural environment.
C．The argument about whether advanced technology is beneficial to people and accepted.
D．New technology has provided people with great benefits everywhere over the years.
C
2．Why did the public oppose the idea of developing driverless cars？ _____
A．Because they saw “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”.
B．Because the driverless cars couldn’t be controlled when meeting emergency.
C．Because they thought some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous.
D．Because the company was not responsible for the accident.
C
3．What kind of life is not the Amish’s way of life？ _____
A．They live a hard life due to the absence of new technology.
B．They live in rural America and do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet.
C．They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century.
D．They live in the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities.
A
课内要点探究
In conclusion, no one can predict how much damage the radiation leak will cause to the environment.
总之，没有人能预测这次辐射泄漏将会对环境带来多大危害。
重 点 单 词
1．predict vt. 预测；预言；预料
It was predicted that the temperature of the next month would continue to fall.
据预报，下个月的温度将继续下降。
The hurricane is predicted to reach the coast tomorrow morning.
飓风预计将于明天早晨登陆。
(1)It is predicted that… 据预测……
be predicted to do sth. 预测做某事
(2)prediction n. 预言；预测；预报；预告
make a prediction for对……做出预言/预测
(3)predictable adj. 可预见的；可预料的
单句语法填空
①Sales were five percent lower than _____________(predict).
②No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can predict ________ the unexpected will happen.
③It’s ridiculous of you to believe in her ______________(predict) about your future.
④In summer, the weather is much less _____________(predict).
predicted
when
prediction
predictable
翻译句子
⑤据预报会有地震。
__________________________________________________
It is predicted that there will be an earthquake.
They tried forecasting the result of the football match.
他们试图预测这场足球赛的结果。
The weather forecast is better for today.
天气预报说今天天气要好一些。
a weather forecast天气预报
2．forecast vt. & n. 预测；预报
forecast中的fore-是前缀，表示“在前部，预先”。前缀fore-构成的其他单词还有：forehead前额，foresee预见，foretell预言。
单句语法填空
①With today’s technology, scientists still have difficulty _____________ (forecast) earthquakes.
②Weather conditions _____________(forecast) every day over the radio and TV.
forecasting
are forecast
完成句子
③Nowadays __________________(天气预报) brings lots of convenience to our life.
④We can hardly ______________________________(预测结果如何).
a weather forecast
forecast what the result will be
Please give your name, age and occupation.
请填写你的姓名、年龄和职业。
The area is under occupation.
这一地区已被占领。
Under such circumstances, the offices will be ready for occupation in June.
在这种情况下，办公室将于6月交付使用。
3．occupation n. 职业；占领
(1)occupy vt. 占用；占据；使忙于
occupy oneself (in) doing sth. /with sth. 忙于(做)某事
(2)occupied adj. 忙于……的
be occupied (in) doing sth. /with sth. 忙于(做)某事；全神贯注于；从事
Farmers are occupying themselves with the crops in the fields.
农民正在地里忙着收割庄稼。
①occupation泛指任何一种工作，常用于正式文件。
②profession指需要特别教育和训练的职业，如医生、律师、教师等。
③career指多年甚至终生从事的职业。
④job可指任何有收益的工作，指为雇主工作。
单句语法填空
①—Why don’t you choose engineer as your ______________(occupy)
—Because I don’t want to devote myself to lifeless machines.
②On long journeys I occupy __________(I) with maths puzzles.
occupation
myself
辨析填空：occupation/profession/career/job
③Please state your name, address and ______________ in the box below.
④After graduation she reached a point in her __________ where she needed to decide what to do.
⑤Many people are out of a(n) _______ because of the Depression.
⑥There are now a lot more women in the legal ______________.
occupation
career
job
profession
He tends to get angry when people oppose his plan.
别人反对他的方案时，他很容易生气。
I would certainly oppose changing the present economic system.
我肯定反对改变现在的经济体制。
He told you not to oppose your will to/against your parents’.
他叫你不要违背父母的意愿。
4．oppose vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠
(1)oppose (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事
oppose… to/against… 使……与……对照或对抗
(2)opposed adj. 反对的；相对的
be opposed to… 反对……；与……对立(to是介词)
(3)opposite adj. 相反的；对面的；对立的 n. 对立面；反义词
be opposite to在……对面；与……相反
(4)opposition n. 反对；反抗
It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.
它清楚地表明，虽然可爱可以带来健康的调整，但高地位对我们的影响恰恰相反。
(1)oppose后若接动词，则用其动名词形式，而不用动词不定式。
(2)be opposed to表示“反对”时相当于be against；表示“与……相对”时相当于be opposite to。
(3)表示支持的词(组)有：favour，in favour of，be for，agree with，support。
(4)表示反对的词(组)有：disagree with，be against，oppose，object to (doing) sth. 。
单句语法填空
①Strangely, Mr. Green，also ___________ (oppose) to the new policy，made no remark in the discussion.
②Many old men are opposed to ___________ (cut) down the 100-year-old tree for rebuilding a shopping center.
③Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the ____________ (oppose).
opposed
cutting
opposite
Does that cease immediately as soon as the heart stops
那是否随心脏停止跳动而立即停止了？
He was going to cease working for them.
他将不再为他们干活。
5. cease vi. & vt. (使)停止；终止
(1)cease to do something停止做某事
(2)without cease不停地，不断地
cease doing与cease to do
两者在意思上没有明显区别，只是：
(1)cease后接动名词比接不定式常见。
(2)表示有意识的行为多用cease doing；而表示无意识的行为则多用cease to do。
(3)如指短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做用cease doing；表示长时间，甚至永远停止做某事用cease to do。
单句语法填空
①The two nations should cease _____________(confront) each other.
②When you cease to dream you cease __________(live).
完成句子
③老人前一天晚上停止了呼吸。
The old man _________________ the night before.
④他真是鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已。
He really gave his all till his heart ______________.
confronting
to live
ceased breathing
ceased to beat
Please look after my house during my absence.
我不在时，请帮我照看房子。
His absence of mind during the driving nearly caused an accident.
他开车时心不在焉，差点酿成一场事故。
In the absence of the manager, I shall be in charge of the company.
经理不在的时候，我将负责整个公司。
6．absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席
(1)absence from work/class缺勤/缺课
in/during one’s absence
＝in/during the absence of sb. 在某人不在/缺席的时候
in/during the absence of sth. 在缺乏某物的时候
absence of mind(＝absent-minded adj. )心不在焉
(2)absent adj. 不在的；缺席的；茫然的
be absent from… 不参加……；缺席……
(3)[反义]presence n. [C]出席， 在场
present adj. 在场的，出席
be present at… 出席……
Although he is very busy, he has never been absent from class.
尽管他很忙，但他从未缺过课。
单句语法填空
①Courage is not the ___________(absent) of fear but rather the judgment that something else is more important than fear.
②The campaign had begun _____________ his absence.
③There were so many people absent ________ the meeting that it had to be put off.
absence
during/in
from
完成句子
④________________(因为没有)visas, they were forced to leave America.
⑤The manager _______________ (缺席) the important meeting last week.
⑥I’ll _____________(出席) your firm’s reception next week.
⑦The total _______________(心不在焉) caused him to fail the exam.
In the absence of
was absent from
be present at
absence of mind
We advocate quitting smoking in order to keep fit.
＝We advocate that we (should) quit smoking to keep fit.
为了保持健康，我们提倡戒烟。
Not you but I have a strong advocate of free speech.
不是你，而是我是言论自由的坚定拥护者。
7．advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者，支持者；拥护者
(1)advocate(doing)sth. 提倡(做)某事；主张(做)某事
advocate＋that从句 提倡/主张……(从句谓语用should do，should可省略)
(2)an advocate for/of ……的支持者/拥护者
advocate后跟动名词作宾语，而不接动词不定式。另外，句型“It is advocated that… (should) do… ”意为“有人主张/提倡……应该做……”。
It is advocated that smoking should be banned in the building.
有人提倡大楼内禁止吸烟。
单句语法填空
①Do you advocate ___________(ban) cars in the city centre
②The report advocated that all buildings __________________(fit) with smoke detectors.
③He is an enthusiastic advocate __________ freedom of speech.
banning
(should) be fitted
for/of
翻译句子
④有人主张对于这次的恶劣后果应向公众发表声明。
__________________________________________________________
It is advocated that this bad consequence should be stated to the public.
I couldn’t resist having a look at her diary.
我忍不住看了一眼她的日记。
He was charged with trying to resist arrest.
他被控企图拒捕。
8．resist vi. & vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡
(1)resist doing sth. 反对做某事
can’t resist doing sth. 禁不住做某事
(2)resistant adj. 对……有抵抗力的，抵制的，反抗的
be resistant to对……有抵抗力
(3)resistance n. 反抗，抵抗
It’s believed that elderly people are always resistant to change.
人们认为上了年纪的人总是抗拒改变。
We should take exercise to build up resistance to diseases.
我们应该锻炼身体以增强对疾病的抵抗力。
resist作“忍受，抗拒”讲时，常用于否定句，后接动词需用v. -ing形式，不接动词不定式。
can’t resist doing sth. , can’t help doing sth. , can’t help do sth.
can’t resist doing… 无法抗拒……的诱惑，忍不住干……；can’t help doing 情不自禁地做……；can’t help do sth. 不能帮忙做……
All the students surrounding me crying, I can’t help crying.
我周围的学生都在哭，我情不自禁地哭了。
单句语法填空
①She could hardly resist __________ (cry) when she heard that she hadn’t passed the test.
②For months the company has resisted ____________(change) its accounts system.
③The no-smoking policy was introduced with little ______________ (resist) from staff.
④Some people are very _____________(resist) to the idea of exercise.
crying
changing
resistance
resistant
完成句子
⑤这对年轻夫妇忍不住炫耀他们的新车。
The young couple couldn’t __________________ their new car.
resist showing off
On the one hand, I want to help them. On the other hand, I don’t have much time.
一方面，我想帮他们。另一方面，我没有太多的时间。
On the one hand, they’d love to have kids, but on the other hand, they don’t want to give up their freedom.
一方面，他们想要孩子，但另一方面，他们又不想放弃自由。
重 点 短 语
1．on the one hand… on the other hand 一方面……，另一方面……
for one thing… for another (thing)… 也意为“一方面……另一方面”，但通常用于引出性质或感彩上相同的观点或理由。
on the contrary(正相反)用来表示相反的另一种情况。
—Why don’t you buy a car
——你为什么不买辆车呢？
—For one thing, I can’t drive; for another (thing), I can’t afford one.
——一方面，我不会开车；另一方面，我买不起。
It wasn’t a good thing; on the contrary, it was a huge mistake.
那不是件好事，恰恰相反，那是个巨大的错误。
on the one hand中的the可以省略，而on the other hand中的the不能省略。
on the other hand中的hand可以省略，该结构也可以单独使用，用于说明问题的另一方面。
I want to go to the party, but on the other (hand) I ought to prepare for the competition.
我想去参加聚会，但另一方面，我应该为比赛做准备。
单句语法填空
①I’d like to eat out, but on _______ other hand I should be trying to save money.
②—Why won’t you come to New York with me
—For one thing, I don’t like flying, and _______ another, I can’t afford it.
the
for
完成句子
③ ________________(一方面) he wants to work abroad, but ________________ (另一方面), he doesn’t want to leave his parents.
④He seems to be giving the impression that he didn’t enjoy himself in Paris. _______________(正相反)，he had a wonderful time.
⑤Starting your own business could be a way to achieve financial independence. ________________(另一方面), it could just put you in debt.
On the one hand
on the other hand
On the contrary
On the other hand
Bryson decided to quit rather than accept the new rules.
布赖森决定辞职，而不是接受新的规定。
I’ll have a cold drink rather than coffee.
我要喝冷饮，而不是咖啡。
They were shouting rather than talking.
他们不是在谈话，而是在叫喊。
2．rather than而不是；与其，宁愿
The boy prefers to take the toy apart rather than throw it away.
＝The boy would take the toy apart rather than throw it away.
＝The boy would rather take the toy apart than throw it away.
这个男孩宁愿把玩具拆开而不愿扔掉。
①rather than用于连接两个并列成分。
②rather than连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致。具有相同用法的词语还有as well as，together with，with等。
③rather than连接两个不定式时，后一个不定式常省略to。当rather than位于句首时，后常跟不带to的不定式。
He, rather than you, is on duty today.
是他而不是你今天值日。
完成句子
①(2021·3月天津)Students are encouraged to take control of their own learning, ______________(而不是)just depending on the teacher.
②I _______________________________________________________ __________________________(宁愿去工作而不愿) watch TV at home.
rather than
prefer to go to work rather than/would go to work rather than/ would rather go to work than
单句语法填空
③Peter rather than I __________(doubt) whether the problem is worth thinking about.
④They answered violence with violence rather than ____________ (accept) they were less important.
⑤Facing up to your problems rather than ___________(run) away from them is the best approach to working things out.
doubts
accepted
running
Travel can help you keep in touch with nature.
旅游可以使你接触大自然。
Keeping in touch with our friends is an important part of friendship.
和朋友保持联系是友谊的重要部分。
By using the Internet, you can keep in touch with the latest technology.
使用互联网，你可以了解最新的科技动态。
3．keep in touch (with… )(与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)
stay/be in touch(with)(与……)保持联系
lose touch(with)/be out of touch(with)(与……)失去联系
get in touch(with)(与……)取得联系
I regret having lost touch with most of my friends from college.
我后悔与大学时期的大多数朋友失去了联系。
We’ve been out of touch with the psychologist for years now.
我们至今已有数年未与那位心理学家联系了。
It’s much easier to get in touch with your relatives using mobile phones.
用手机同你的亲戚取得联系要方便得多。
单句语法填空
①Make sure you keep ______ touch with your friends and family back home.
②And they’ve been trying to get in touch ________ us for almost a hundred of their years.
in
with
完成句子
③We ________________________(一直与……保持联系) each other by email since then.
④Glad to meet you and here is my card. Let’s __________________(保持联系).
⑤To my regret, I _______________(与……失去了联系) my close friend.
⑥To make it easier to ________________(与……取得联系) us, you’d better keep this card at hand.
have been in touch with
keep/stay in touch
lost touch with
get in touch with
Even if you take a taxi, you will still miss the train.
即使你乘出租车也赶不上这班火车了。
Even if we could afford it, we wouldn’t go abroad for our vacation.
即使我们付得起这笔钱，也不出国度假。
4．even if/though即使，虽然
as if/though “好像，仿佛”，引导表语从句或方式状语从句。当说话人认为所说的情况是事实时，就用陈述语气；当说话人认为所说的情况可能不是事实时，则用虚拟语气。
He spoke as if he had been to the spaceport.
他说得就好像他去过宇航基地似的。
even if/though引导让步状语从句，主句如果用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。
Even if I fail this time, I will try again.
即使这次失败了，我还要再试试。
辨析填空：even if/as if
①My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, __________ he’s in his nineties.
②It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me ________ I had done it
even if
as if
完成句子
③ _______________(即使) everyone is opposed to my plan, I’ll stick to it.
④The foreigner talks about Chinese culture ________(好像) he were more familiar with it than his own.
Even if/though
as if
这是一个简单句。a group of Christians作前面the Amish的同位语；living in rural America是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词Christians并与之构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
重 点 句 型
1．Probably the most well known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America.
或许最著名的就是阿曼门诺派，一群生活在美国农村的基督徒。
现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。单个现在分词作定语，放在所修饰词的前面，而现在分词短语作定语则要放在所修饰词的后面。
They put an advertisement in a newspaper looking for rock musicians, but they could only find one who was good enough.
他们在报上登了一则广告，寻求摇滚乐歌手，但是他们只能找到一位足够好的。
Do you know the woman wearing a pair of glasses
你认识那个戴眼镜的妇女吗？(the woman与wear之间为主谓关系)
We’re surprised at the astonishing news.
这条令人震惊的消息使我们大吃一惊。
单句语法填空
①(2021·1月浙江)This may be due to some disadvantages for people __________(live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
②The next thing he saw was smoke __________(rise) from behind the house.
③The ____________(sleep) boy must be dreaming, for he is smiling.
living
rising
sleeping
完成句子
④它当时被称为蹴鞠，是一种足球游戏，球用兽皮做成，球里面有毛。
It was then known as cuju (kick ball), a game ______________ animal skins with hair inside.
using a ball of
2．Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。
本句是复合句。even if引导了让步状语从句。even if相当于even though，意为“即使；尽管”。even if/though引导的让步状语从句可用现在时代替将来时。
主句中使用了句型make＋it ＋ adj. /n. ＋ for sb. to do，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。
“动词＋it＋宾补＋真正的宾语”(即“6123结构”)小结：
①6指常用的动词：think，believe，make，find，consider，feel
②1指形式宾语it
③2指宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词
④3指真正的宾语的三种形式：不定式、动名词、从句
I must make it clear that I’ll always support you.
我必须说清楚，我会一直支持你的。
He found it impossible to continue working in Germany.
他发现不可能继续在德国工作了。
Do you consider it any good trying again
你认为再试一次有用吗？
单句语法填空
①The heavy rain makes it impossible for me ________(go) there.
②We all thought it a pity ________ the conference should have been cancelled.
③Does this disability make ______ difficult for them to do some things
to go
that
it
完成句子
④(2021·3月天津)As working from home becomes increasingly common, people are ___________________(发现越来越容易)combine parenthood with a full-time career.
⑤I __________________(认为是必要的) that we drink plenty of water every day.
finding it easier to
think it necessary
本句是一个复合句，when引导时间状语从句；该时间状语从句中the way(方式)后接定语从句we live，引导词that/in which在从句中作方式状语，已经省去。
3．Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect.
当然，当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，这可能是一个可怕的前景。
There are many ways of learning a language.
学习一种语言的方法有很多种。
The way he thought of to get the task done is not practical.
他想出的完成该任务的这一方法不实用。
The way (that/in which) you treat your children is not wise.
你对待孩子的方法不明智。
单句语法填空
①I watched the way ________ her arms and legs moved and the funny movements made me laugh.
②I don’t like the way ________ you talk to your children.
完成句子
③ _______________________ he explained to us was quite simple.
他给我们解释的方法很简单。
④The Smiths are praised for _________________________________ (他们抚养孩子的方式).
that
that
The way (that/which)
the way they bring up their children
这是一个简单句。此句是用比较级表示最高级含义，其结构是“表示完全否定意义的词＋比较级”。
4．I couldn’t agree more.
我完全同意。
Tom is more intelligent than any other student/all the other students in his class.
汤姆是他班上最聪明的学生。
Li Yang studies harder than anyone else in his class.
李洋在班里学习最努力。
Nothing is easier than this.
这是最容易的事。
单句语法填空
①How beautiful she sings! I have never heard a __________(good) voice.
②Nothing is _______________(difficult) than that.
完成句子
③这是我见过的最好的鸟。
I’ve never seen ______________ than this one.
better
more difficult
a nicer bird
随堂达标验收
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．With money, they can buy cars, houses and many ____________ (奢侈品), and lead a comfortable life.
2．An hour later, the rain __________(停止) but the clouds hung low and heavy overhead.
3．The informant (提供消息的人) is expected to provide the information about the ____________(亡故的), who were killed in the accident.
luxuries
ceased
deceased
4．It is reported that the lowest lung cancer rates have been found in non-smokers who live in the _________(乡村的) areas.
5．(2020·山东青岛期中) It is equally unsurprising that banking is now one of the most common __________(职业) choices.
6．(2019·天津阅读理解改编)This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then ______________(段), and then stories.
7．The students are asked to submit their __________(文章) to their tutors after class.
rural
career
paragraphs
essays
8．(2019·四川棠湖中学期中) Mapmakers could not draw __________ (精确的) maps of the Earth until people began travelling around the world in the fifteenth century.
9．It is well known that the ____________(路标) is very important because it is a guide to drivers.
10．Thursday’s weather ____________(预报) has brought some good news for parts of the province—rain.
accurate
signpost
forecast
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．(2020·福建龙岩期中)Whatever it is, try to write it down before you arrive. It will be interesting to compare these _____________(predict) to what you have actually experienced.
2．My mother opposes me ___________(stay) in the newly decorated house for a long time, for the fresh paint gives out poisonous smell.
3．(2020·浙江金华期中) The teacher demanded an explanation for his ___________(absent) from class this morning.
predictions
staying
absence
4．I bet you can’t resist ____________(laugh) at these funny sports images taken at the right moment.
5．The manager was strongly resistant ______ my proposal at first but she finally gave in and accepted it.
6．The study begins with a history of the village with an emphasis ______ the development of it.
7．The department apologized _______ any inconvenience caused while road improvements were in progress.
laughing
to
on
for
8．If they ceased ____________________________(advertise), prices would be significantly reduced.
9．Advances in medical science have made ______ possible to cure many so-called incurable diseases.
10．Only half of the rooms are ____________(occupy) at the moment.
advertising/to advertise
it
occupied
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．三四月份的天气非常不好预测。
In March and April, _____________________________________ __________________________.
2．我要表明我对你没有偏见。
I want to _____________ that I have no prejudice against you.
3．她是一名职业女性而不是家庭主妇。
She is a career woman _________________________.
the weather is not so predictable/ it’s hard
to predict the weather
make it clear
rather than a housewife
4．我们被提供了一张该地区的地图。
We __________________ a map of the area.
5．他连续工作了八个小时。
He worked for eight hours ______________.
6．健康饮食有助于身体抗感染。
A healthy diet should _______________________ infection.
7．我试图劝他别那样做。
I tried to _______________ doing that.
were provided with
without cease
help your body resist
argue him out of
8．那位老演员身体还很健康。
The old actor is still _____________.
9．我们要为没有及早开办这项服务表示歉意。
We would like to ______________ the late running of this service.
10．如果你能记住它，对你是很有好处的。
If you can remember it, ______________________________.
in good shape
apologise for
it will be of great benefit to you
Ⅳ．课文语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A crash 1.________(cause) by a driverless car led to a heated argument about some advances in technology. What do you think of the advances in technology
caused
On the one hand, some groups of people around the world live happily in the 2._________(absent) of new technology. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They have lived 3.________(main) as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably 4.__________(live) the same way in the distant future. They advocate 5._________(lead) a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. On the other hand, new technology 6._____________(provide) people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programmes give people lots of warnings about potential natural 7.___________(disaster), which saves many lives.
absence
mainly
be living
leading
has provided
disasters
Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from 8.______________ (technology) advances. My health monitor, 9._______I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be 10. ____ scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
technological
which
a
解析：
1．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知， __1__(cause) by a driverless car作后置定语，修饰A crash，由by可知，cause与A crash之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。
2．考查名词。in the absence of… 意为“缺乏……”。
3．考查副词。空处修饰谓语，故用副词。
4．考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，这些人以前过着没有新科技的生活，在将来也将继续这样的生活，因此应用将来进行时，表示在将来的一段时间内正在进行的动作。
5．考查非谓语动词。advocate doing sth. 意为“提倡做某事”。
6．考查动词的时态。由时间状语over the years可知，此处应用现在完成时。
7．考查名词的数。disaster在此表示“灾害”，为可数名词，故用复数形式。
8．考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名词advances，故填形容词。
9．考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知， __9__ I wear all the time为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词My health monitor，故用关系代词which。
10．考查冠词。prospect表示“前景”时，常用单数，且此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词a。
夯基提能作业UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．I am afraid there __will be__ (be) a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you.
2．You can’t miss him. He __will be wearing__ (wear) a dark green suit and a yellow tie waiting for you.
3．5% of the rice produced on this farm __will be exported__(export) to other countries at the end of next month.
4．Paula __will be taking__(take) a shower at 6：00 this afternoon.
5．Next Friday I will go to another concert. They __will be playing__ (play) something by Mozart at that time.
6．I can’t attend his wedding tomorrow, for I __will be having__ (have) a meeting then.
7．I won’t be able to watch the concert on TV because I __shall be doing__(do) homework at that time.
8．I’m afraid I won’t be available. I __will be seeing__(see) a friend off at 4 o’clock this afternoon.
9．As you go through this book, you __will find__(find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.
10．What do you think you __will be doing__(do) this time next year
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．十二点的时候我将在睡觉，所以请不要打电话给我。
I __will be sleeping__ at 12：00 so please don’t call me.
2．我太兴奋了！明天上午的这个时候我将飞往上海。
I feel so excited! This time tomorrow morning I __will be flying__ to Shanghai.
3．明天整个下午我们将就一些环境问题进行讨论。
We __will be having a debate/discussion__ on some environmental issues all afternoon tomorrow.
4．找各种方式经常表扬你的孩子，你就会发现他们会对你敞开心扉。
Find ways to praise your children often, and __you’ll find__ they will open their hearts to you.
5．我20岁的时候将正在大学里学习。
I __will be studying__ in university at the age of 20．
6．今晚我不能参加聚会了。我要给一位朋友送行。
I can’t go to the party tonight. I __will be seeing off__ a friend.
7．这架飞机将以目前的速度飞行直到今晚10点左右飞越这座山。
The plane __will be going__ at the present speed until it crosses the mountain at about ten tonight.
8．她明天上午不在时，她的丈夫将照料这些孩子们。
Her husband __will be taking care of__ the children tomorrow morning while she is away.
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
In the fight against the novel coronavirus, scientific progress has proven to be an important factor in helping win the war against this deadly disease. Thanks to the efforts of scientists and researchers in China, major medical and technological breakthroughs have been made, bringing us closer to victory.
Since Chinese scientists discovered the genetic structure of the novel coronavirus, researchers both in China and around the world have been working tirelessly. Not only have they been working toward developing a vaccine (疫苗) to prevent the spread of the virus, but they are also searching for potential medications to treat and save people who are already infected.
One medical breakthrough involves using plasma (血浆). According to The New York Times, people who have recovered from the disease have certain proteins in their plasma. When the plasma is injected into a sick patient, the proteins in the recovered patient’s plasma can help the ill patient fight the disease.
The China National Biotec Group, a company that researches and develops medicines, recently announced that this plasma treatment was able to reduce inflammation (炎症) in 10 critically ill patients.
In addition to medicines, artificial intelligence and big data are also being used to help fight against the spread of the novel coronavirus. Thermal scanners, facial recognition technology and robots have all been used to keep people safe and find people who seem likely to be infected by the virus.
“Facial recognition and the real name registration system will help us track down those who have potentially been exposed to the virus and effectively control the spreading of the virus，” Zeng Yixin, deputy director of the National Health Commission, told reporters. Zeng continued, “This high level of technology was not available during the SARS outbreak in 2003． So we believe the technological development is on our side in battling this disease. ”
These new advancements in technology and medicine have been important contributors in helping to stop the novel coronavirus. With continued efforts, we will turn out victorious.
文章大意：本文是一篇科普性文章。作者主要介绍了医疗技术和科学技术在新冠病毒防控中心起到的巨大的促进作用。
1．What can we know about the novel coronavirus according to the text？ __D__
A．Scientists still know little about its genetic structure.
B．A vaccine is the only hope to stop the virus.
C．There are still no effective ways for the virus.
D．Plasma from recovered patients is effective in treating ill patients.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When the plasma is injected into a sick patient, the proteins in the recovered patient’s plasma can help the ill patient fight the disease. ”可知，新冠肺炎康复者的血浆可以用来治疗新冠肺炎病人。故选D。
2．What can we learn from Zeng’s words？ __B__
A．Technology is not advanced enough to deal with the virus outbreak.
B．Technology plays a great role in the battle against the novel coronavirus.
C．We should have learned a lesson from the 2003 SARS outbreak.
D．The 2003 SARS outbreak has sped up technological development.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中曾益新所说的话可知，面部识别(技术)和实名认证系统可以帮助我们追踪那些潜在的感染者，有效抑制病毒的传播。他的话强调了科技在抗击疫情中的巨大作用，故选B。
3．What does the article mainly talk about？ __D__
A．How the fights against the novel coronavirus and SARS differ.
B．How researchers worldwide have worked together to help China.
C．How much progress has been made in medical and technological fields.
D．How medical and technological development have helped fight the virus.
解析：主旨大意题。本文结构清晰，采用了“总—分—总”的写作结构。第一段的主题句为“In the fight against the novel coronavirus, scientific progress has proven to be an important factor in helping win the war against this deadly disease. ”，点明了文章主旨；中间段落分别讲述了医学和科技在抗击疫情中的应用；最后一段的主题句为“These new advancements in technology and medicine have been important contributors in helping to stop the novel coronavirus. ”，与第一段呼应，强化主题。故选D。
4．What is the author’s attitude towards the artificial intelligence in controlling virus infection？ __A__
A．Optimistic. B．Objective.
C．Cautious. D．Doubtful.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段，尤其是“With continued efforts, we will turn out victorious. ”，可知，作者对于人工智能在防控病毒方面持积极的态度。故选A。
Ⅱ．完形填空
It was officially Christmas vacation. The whole family spent Christmas morning __1．D__ gifts. I had bought my baby sister Melissa a toy cat at the local dollar store. When she __2．D__ it. I was delighted that she liked it.
Melissa also had a gift for me. With a smile she tried to resist, she __3．B__ the package to me. “For you，”she said.
I pulled back the paper to __4．B__ the gift to the rest of the family—one red Barbie car—Melissa’s favorite toy. Words __5．A__ me. I looked back and forth between the gift she’d given me and the __6．D__ toy cat I’d given her. Melissa loved that car more than all her other toys, I was wondering __7．B__ she was parting with what she treasures.
Realizing Melissa was __8．C__ her favorite toy, I pushed through the confusion I was feeling to say, “Lissa, really, you don’t have to. This is nice of you, but you should __9．C__ it. ”
She whispered, “I loved that car… __10．D__ I want you to have it. ”
In that __11．B__ I knew Melissa wasn’t giving me a __12．C__. She was giving me her heart— __13．B__ it came in the form of a little red plastic car. Christmas wasn’t about parties or presents or getting things. Christmas was about __14．A__ and I would never be too __15．D__ for that.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在圣诞节收到了一份来自妹妹的特殊礼物，让她感受到了真爱以及圣诞节的意义。
1．A．making B．sending
C．purchasing D．exchanging
解析：考查动词。根据下文可知，作者一家这一天的早上在互相“交换(exchange)”礼物。故选D。
2．A．noticed B．found
C．designed D．opened
解析：考查动词。妹妹应该是在“打开(open)”礼物后表现出自己对礼物的喜欢。故选D。
3．A．lent B．handed
C．carried D．delivered
解析：考查动词。根据下文的“ ’For you，’ she said”，可知妹妹是将礼物“递给(hand)”作者。故选B。
4．A．offer B．show
C．display D．expose
解析：考查动词。作者撕开礼物外面的包装纸，应该是“让大家看(show)”自己收到的礼物。故选B。
5．A．failed B．struck
C．lost D．moved
解析：考查动词。 words fail sb. 是一种习惯表达，表示某人说不出话。故选A。
6．A．lovely B．special
C．small D．cheap
解析：考查形容词。根据第一段可知，作者是在一美元店(at the local dollar store)里给妹妹买的礼物，因此选择D项。这里的“廉价(cheap)”跟下文妹妹礼物的“贵重”形成对比。故选D。
7．A．how B．why
C．what D．when
解析：考查连词。因为作者知道红色小汽车是妹妹最喜欢的玩具，因此她很好奇为什么妹妹会把它送给自己。why“为什么”。故选B。
8．A．looking for B．making up
C．giving away D．turning down
解析：考查短语动词。妹妹将自己最心爱的玩具送给了作者。 give away表示“赠送”之意。故选C。
9．A．remain B．change
C．keep D．forget
解析：考查动词。作者此时既困惑又感动，她也提出让妹妹“保留(keep)”红色小汽车玩具。故选C。
10．A．since B．while
C．and D．but
解析：考查连词。此处前后两个分句之间存在转折关系，因此这里用but一词。故选D。
11．A．occasion B．moment
C．period D．situation
解析：考查名词。在这一“刻(moment)”，作者意识到妹妹送给自己的不仅仅是一个玩具。故选B。
12．A．cat B．surprise
C．toy D．pleasure
解析：考查名词。根据上文可知，妹妹送给作者的是红色小汽车“玩具(toy)”。故选C。
13．A．now that B．even if
C．because D．unless
解析：考查连词。这里作者认为，妹妹送给自己的是一片真心——“即使(even if)”那礼物只是一个塑料玩具。故选B。
14．A．love B．hope
C．dream D．faith
解析：考查名词。作者通过妹妹送给自己她最心爱的玩具这件事，显然是想表明妹妹对自己的“爱(love)”这一主题。这也是圣诞节的意义所在。故选A。
15．A．casual B．permanent
C．smart D．old
解析：考查形容词。作者认为，无论自己年龄多大，都可以享受圣诞节带来的这份真爱。old“(年龄)大的；老的”。故选D。
Ⅲ．语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Will cash disappear from our neighborhoods Not so fast. Cash will likely become less popular, thanks to the high cost of using cash and the __1．growing__(grow)number of alternatives. The future will be “less cash”， rather than cashless. Cash is unique among payment instruments in that anyone can transact (交易)，any time, any place, with no third parties
__2．involved__(involve). With this freedom __3．comes__(come) strong privacy protection. Currency neither knows nor cares who holds it or when and where a transaction occurs. People have __4．a__ sense of security when they have cash with them. These entries will, of course, evolve as our societies become more __5．digitally__(digital) native. However, old habits and viewpoints will take a long time __6． to turn__(turn) over. Some __7．merchants__(merchant) will resist the costs of new equipment or fees that accompany cash alternatives. Cash __8．is considered__(consider) more convenient and universal, while with digital transactions there are always concerns about hacking and fraud (诈骗).
So, no matter where we are in the world，let us celebrate the ATM’s half－century of service. Though cash may become less popular, the rest assure that there will always be someone __9．who__ will stop you in the street, asking for directions __10．to__ the nearest ATM.
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。如今，由于使用现金的高成本和迅速增加的替代物的出现，现金交易可能变得不那么流行了。实际上，现金在支付手段中是独一无二的，因为任何人在任何时间、任何地点都能进行交易，而且没有第三方介入。因此，现金支付不可能完全消失。
解析：
1．设空前有定冠词the，其后为名词number，因此，设空处应作定语；number与grow之间为主动关系，因此，应用现在分词作定语。故填growing。
2．此处为“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，third parties和involve之间为被动关系，因此，应用过去分词作宾补。故填involved。
3．设空句描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，且此句为倒装句，主语为strong privacy protection，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
4．句意：当人们随身带着现金时，他们会有一种安全感。a sense of… 为固定搭配，意为“一种……感”。故填a。
5．设空处修饰形容词native，应用副词。故填digitally。
6．take some time to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“去做某事需花费……时间”，空处表示目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to turn。
7．merchant商人，为可数名词，其前有some修饰，应用复数形式。故填merchants。
8．此处介绍一般情况，应用一般现在时，且句子主语cash和consider之间为被动关系，因此应用被动语态。故填is considered。
9．分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是someone，指人，且在从句中作主语，故用who引导该从句。故填who。
10．根据句意可知，设空处表示“向，朝，往(某个方向或某处)”，故填介词to。(共153张PPT)
UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
单元核心素养
语篇解读：亚马逊正在华盛顿州斯诺霍米什县测试一款名为Scout的送货机器人。Scout有六个轮子，由电池驱动，以步行的速度前进。据亚马逊称，这些机器人将首先由人类监督员陪同巡逻。这是为了确保该设备能够“安全、高效地在宠物、行人和路上的任何东西周围导航”。
单元话题导读
Amazon Robotic Deliveries are not the future anymore!
Earlier in 2019，Amazon introduced a sidewalk robot, Scout! The robot started its job of delivering around the Snohomish County neighbourhood of Washington State.
Scout is a six-wheeled robot, made and developed inhouse by Amazon. The robot has been designed to safely deliver the package to the customers. Amazon Scout is small in size and drives with the pace of a walking person. Scout uses sensor data and a camera for navigation and route planning. According to Amazon, the Amazon Scout Robots are fully equipped to navigate around pedestrians (行人), children，pets or anything else in their path.
In the early half of 2019 Amazon introduced a pilot program of six Amazon Scout robots to deliver across the quiet neighbourhood of Washington State, bordering Seattle’s King County. Amazon prior to the release of their Scouts, got the word out that they will be introducing delivery robots in the area，to stop any confusion or terror among the residents of the area about alien robots traveling through the sidewalks of their rather quiet neighborhood.
The early models of Amazon Scouts were accompanied by company employees, to make sure everything goes as planned.
As a partner for Amazon Scout release, Snohomish County Executive Dave Somers shared that “We are delighted to welcome Amazon Scout into our community. Similar to Amazon, we are always looking for new ways to better deliver service to our residents. From the latest Amazon innovation to cutting-edge technology, Snohomish County is a great place for entrepreneurial (富于企业家精神的) creativity. ”
Customers place their orders，just like they normally would do. Their packages would be delivered by Amazon Scout or Amazon partner carriers would deliver the Amazon packages respectively. Customers can enjoy the perks of same normal delivery packages that include fast, free Same-Day, One-Day or Two-Day shipping styles for Prime members.
词海拾贝
①deliver vt. 投递 ②design vt. 设计 ③navigation n. 导航
④confusion n. 迷惑；混乱 ⑤accompany vt. 陪伴
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
课内要点探究
随堂达标验收
夯基提能作业
课前自主预习
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．重点单词
1．_________n. 短语
2．___________vt. 劝说；说服
→_____________n. 劝说，说服(力)
→_____________adj. 有说服力的；劝说的
3．_________vt. 转换；交换 vt. & vi. (使)改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变
phrase
persuade
persuasion
persuasive
switch
4．__________adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的
→___________n. 距离；远方；疏远
→___________vt. 疏远；把……远远甩在后面
5．_________adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt. 获得；拴牢；保护
→___________n. 保护措施；安全工作
6．_________adj. 远程的；偏远的
7．____________adj. 自动的
→______________adv. 自动地
distant
distance
distance
secure
security
remote
automatic
automatically
8．_____________adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的
→____________vi. & vt. (使)合并；成为一体
→______________n. 综合；一体化；融化
9．_________n. 传感器；敏感元件
→________n. 感觉能力；意识；感觉 vt. 感觉到；觉察到；意识到；理解；领悟
10．__________adj. 效率高的；有功效的
→_____________n. 效率；功率
11．_______n. 模式；方式；风格
integrated
integrate
integration
sensor
sense
efficient
efficiency
mode
12．__________n. 常规；正常顺序 adj. 常规的；日常的
13．___________n. 爱好；偏爱
→_________vi. & vt. 更喜欢；宁愿
14．__________n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的
→____________adv. 立即，立刻；马上地；立即地
conj. 一……就……
15．__________n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制
→____________n. 指挥官，司令官
routine
preference
prefer
instant
instantly
command
commander
16．_______vi. & vt. 服从；遵守
→__________vi. & vt. 不服从；不遵守
17．__________n. 警告；警示；先兆
→_______vi. & vt. 警告
18．___________adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 n. 常数；常量
→_____________adv. 不断地
19．___________adj. 不正常的；反常的
→_________adj. 正常的
obey
disobey
warning
warn
constant
constantly
abnormal
normal
20．___________adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的
21．_________n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤
22．____________adv. 潜在地；可能地
→____________adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性
23．_______vi. & vt. 漏；渗漏；透露 n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露
24．_____________adj. 电的；用电的
→______________n. 电力；电流
→___________adj. 电的；电动的；发电的；导电的
critical
cancer
potentially
potential
leak
electrical
electricity
electric
25．_________n. 电线线路；线路系统
→_______n. 电线；金属丝(或线) vt. 接通电源；将……连接到
→___________adj. 无线的
26．_________vt. 发现；查明
→____________n. 侦探
→____________n. 侦查；察觉；发觉；检查
27．___________adj. 有关的；有意义的
→____________n. 中肯；关联；相关性
→_____________adj. 无关的；无意义的
28．__________n. 幻想；想象
wiring
wire
wireless
detect
detective
detection
relevant
relevance
irrelevant
fantasy
29．_____________n. 创新；创造
→___________v. 改革；创新
30．____________adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的
31．_____________adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而
32．____________n. 结构；体系 vt. 系统安排；精心组织
33．________n. 犯罪活动；不法行为
→___________adj. 犯罪的；刑事的
34．__________vt. & vi. (使)结合；混合
→______________n. 结合；结合到一起的事物或人
innovation
innovate
available
nevertheless
structure
crime
criminal
combine
combination
Ⅱ．重点短语
1．switch __________关/开(电灯、机器等)
2．all the time ________
3．remote control ______________
4．air conditioner __________________
5．_____ oneself单独，独自，独立，靠自己
6．daily ___________日常生活
7．________ with和……一起，随着；以及；连同
off/on
一直
遥控器； 遥控
空调机；空调设备
by
routine
along
8．respond ______回答；响应；反应；反响
9．_____ addition另外；除此之外；并且；况且
10．keep track of ________________________________________
11．early ______在初期；早先
12．provide sb. ________ sth. 为某人提供某物；提供某人某物
13．________ fire着火
14．_____ this sense ( in… sense)从这种(某种)意义上来讲
15．_____ to关于，至于
to
in
记录；追踪；一直清楚(某人或事的)一举一动
on
with
catch
in
as
Ⅲ．重点句型
1．These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment ____________.
这些智能住宅将使我们安全，节省能源，并提供一个更舒适的居住环境。
2．Nevertheless, it will take some years __________ most new homes begin to use this new technology.
然而，大多数新的家庭需要几年才能开始使用这项新技术。
to live in
before
3．For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights __________ you would no longer have to turn switches on and off, __________ your home more energy-efficient.
例如，智能家居可以控制空调和灯光，这样你就不必再打开和关闭开关，使你的家更节能。
4．However, I __________________________.
然而，我忍不住感到焦虑。
so that
making
could not help but feel anxious
Ⅳ．语篇解读
Step 1 Fast-reading
1．What’s the main idea of the passage？ _____
A．Smart homes will stop your home becoming flooded or catching fire.
B．Smart technology will prevent your family from getting cancer.
C．Intelligent controls will be used in smart homes.
D．Smart homes will keep people safe, energy-saving, and comfortable.
C
2．Match each paragraph with its topic sentence.
Para. 1 A．Smart homes will check people’s health regularly.
Para. 2 B．Smart homes will prevent serious damage from
accidents.
Para. 3 C．Intelligent controls in the home system.
Para. 4 D．Smart technology will be used widely in the future.
Para. 5 E. Smart homes will bring us safe, energy-saving and
comfortable life in the future.
答案：Para. 1 E Para. 2 C Para. 3 A Para. 4 B Para. 5 D
Step 2 Careful-reading
(Ⅰ)Judge whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F).
1．Forgetting to lock the door or switch off the TV often happens to us. ( )
2．Intelligent controls can control anything in your home. ( )
3．People won’t have a critical illness if they live in the smart homes. ( )
T
F
F
4．Smart technology can detect whether the electrical wiring is short or not. ( )
5．Smart technology has been used widely in all homes in China. ( )
T
F
(Ⅱ)Choose the best answer.
1．Which one is not what the smart homes will bring people in the not-too-distant future？ _____
A．Safety. B．Convenience.
C．Energy-saving. D．Freedom from disease.
2．What are the technologies used in smart homes？ _______
A．Integrated sensors. B．Switches.
C．Knobs. D．Remote controls.
D
A
3．What role will bed play in the smart home of the future ______
A．Keeping constant track of your health.
B．Warning you early on.
C．Checking your body weight.
D．Saving your life potentially.
C
4．What is the purpose of the passage？ _______
A．To sell integrated sensors.
B．To change the old houses.
C．To decorate home with smart technology.
D．To give us an insight into smart homes.
D
课内要点探究
He persuaded me to take exercise which was of great help to me.
他说服我进行体育锻炼，这对我是很有帮助的。
I persuaded my classmates into accepting my idea.
我说服了我的同学接纳了我的想法。
The hunter persuaded us not to walk/out of walking through the thick forest alone.
猎人说服我们不要独自穿越茂密的丛林。
重 点 单 词
1．persuade vt. 劝说；说服
(1)persuade sb. to do sth. /into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do sth. /out of doing sth. 说服某人不要做某事
persuade sb. of sth. /persuade sb. that… 使某人相信……
try to persuade sb. to do sth. 试图劝说某人做某事
(2)persuasion n. 说服；说服力
(3)persuasive adj. 有说服力的
微观persuade与advise
persuade表示说服，强调说服的结果；advise表示“劝说，建议”，对方不一定接受，强调动作。“劝说但不一定有效果”应表达为：advise sb. to do sth. 或try to persuade sb. to do sth.
I tried to persuade him to learn Japanese, but he didn’t think it a good idea.
＝I advised him to learn Japanese, but he didn’t think it a good idea.
我极力劝他说日语，但他觉得没意思。
单句语法填空
①We trust you; only you can persuade him __________(come).
②Don’t let yourself be persuaded into __________(buy) things you don’t really need.
用persuade的适当形式填空
③She tried ______________ her husband to give up smoking, but failed.
④When they do it, you’ll know your ______________ was effective.
⑤No matter how ______________ you are, there will be objections.
to come
buying
to persuade
persuasion
persuasive
句型转换
⑥The young mother persuaded her son to have a cup of milk.
→The young mother _____________ her son ______________ a cup of milk.
⑦We persuaded him out of lending his money to that untrustworthy man.
→We _______________________ his money to that untrustworthy man.
persuaded
into having
persuaded him not to lend
Streetlights powered by solar energy switch on automatically at 6：00 p. m. every day.
由太阳能提供动力的路灯每天下午6点自动打开。
2．switch vt. 转换；交换 vt. & vi. (使)改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变
We will switch over to a new technique next year.
我们将在明年改用一种新技术。
The physiology he majored in was switched to physics.
他主修的生理学被换成了物理学。
You can turn it on at the flick of the red switch.
你轻轻一按这个红色开关就可以把它打开。
(1)a switch in在……方面的转变
make a switch做出改变
(2)switch … from… to… (把……)由……转变为
switch over to转变；换频道
switch on接通，开启
switch off(用开关)关掉；切断(电源)
同是“开”“关”，动词各异：
①开/关门、窗、盒子等
open the door/window/box
close/shut the door/window/box
②开/关收音机、电灯、电视等
switch on the radio/light/TV
switch off the radio/light/TV
③开/关收音机、电灯、水、煤气等
turn on the radio/light/water/gas
turn off the radio/light/water/gas
单句语法填空
①When I switched ______ the light, I found the room flooded.
②Being bored with the present job, he wants to make _____ switch.
③It is to your credit that you switch _______ your mobile phone before boarding.
on
a
off
完成句子
④If I were you, I would ___________________(关上) the television and concentrate on my study.
⑤The programme of this channel is boring. Please ______________(转换到) CCTV 9．
⑥She _____________(做出改变) in our plan to go swimming when it started to rain.
⑦We _________________________________________(把会议由周二改到周四).
switch off/turn off
switch over to
made a switch
switched the meeting from Tuesday to Thursday
The sun is distant from the earth.
太阳距地球很遥远。
This beautiful girl comes from a distant country.
这个美丽的女孩来自一个遥远的国家。
It’s hard to evaluate his attitude, but he sounded very cold and distant on the phone.
我无法评估他的态度，但从电话里听起来，他非常冷淡和疏远。
3．distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的
(1)distance n. [C，U]距离；[sing. ]远处；[U]遥远；[U，C] 疏远
in the distance在远处
at/from a distance离一段距离，从远处
at/from a distance of… 从……远的地方(of后跟具体的距离)
keep sb. at a distance与某人保持一定距离，对某人冷淡
keep one’s distance (from… )(与……)保持距离；疏远(……)
within walking distance在步行距离之内
(2)distantly adv. 遥远地；冷淡地
单句语法填空
①We spotted them waving to us ______ a distance of 100 metres.
②There are lots of restaurants __________ walking distance.
③ ______ the distance is a tall tree which is said to have a history of over 500 years.
④You’d better keep this kind of person ______ a distance.
⑤They were careful to keep their distance ________ the ill-tempered professor.
at
within
In
at
from
完成句子
⑥The noise of explosion could be heard _______________(在远处).
⑦Bob carefully walks closer to the man, with the rest of the family following _____________(从远处).
in the distance
at a distance
It was enough money to make us feel financially secure.
足够的钱使我们感到经济上的安全感。
We must secure the benefits of freedom for ourselves and our children.
我们必须保护我们自己和孩子们的自由权益。
4．secure adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt. 获得；拴牢；保护
(1)be/feel secure about… 对……感到安心
be secure from防止……受到……伤害
(2)insecure adj. 不安全的，缺乏信心的
(3)securely adv. 安全地；牢固地；安心地；有把握地
(4)security n. [U]安全；平安
The important thing is that children feel secure about being loved.
重要的是，被疼爱使孩子感到安全。
These elephants are relatively secure from poachers.
这些大象相对安全，不受偷猎者的侵害。
单句语法填空
①The windows _____________(secure) with locks and bars.
②Make sure the ropes are ____________(secure) fastened.
③They carried out ____________(secure) checks at the airport.
④With these measures, workers feel secure _________ the future.
were secured
securely
security
about
We clean and repair the machines as a matter of routine.
我们定期清洗和修理机器。
It’s vital to break your daily routine sometimes.
有时候打破常规是很重要的。
A major electrical fault was found during a routine safety inspection.
在一次例行的安全检查中(检查人员)发现了重大的电路故障。
5．routine n. 常规；正常顺序 adj. 常规的；日常的
(1)daily routine日常生活
follow the routine遵从惯例；墨守成规
a routine medical check 定期健康检查
(2) routinely adv. 常规地，例行地
完成句子
①Thus eating becomes an enjoyment instead of a ______________(例行工作) you have to do every day.
②If you want to break out of the comfort zone, you have to first __________________(打破常规).
routine job
break your routine
He is interested in all subjects, but he has a particular preference for English.
他对所有科目都感兴趣，但是对英语尤其偏爱。
Which is your preference, tea or coffee
你喜欢喝哪一样，茶还是咖啡？
The scholarship committee will give preference to students from disadvantaged backgrounds.
奖学金评定委员会将优先考虑那些来自贫困家庭的学生。
6．preference n. 喜爱；偏爱
(1)have a preference for… 偏爱……
in preference to… 优先于……
show/give preference to… 优先考虑……
develop a preference for… 对……情有独钟
(2)prefer vt. 更喜欢；宁愿
prefer sth. /doing… to sth. /doing… 与……相比，更喜欢……；宁愿……，而不愿……
prefer to do… rather than do… 宁可做……也不做……
单句语法填空
①He prefers ___________(stay) indoors to going out this afternoon.
②People develop a ______________(prefer) for a particular style of learning at an early age.
③They prefer the city ______ the suburbs because their jobs are there.
④Each of us is likely to develop a personal preference _______ certain types of entertainment.
staying
preference
to
for
句型转换
She chose to go with us in preference to staying behind.
⑤_______________________________________(prefer doing… to doing… )
⑥___________________________________________(prefer to do… rather than do… )
⑦_______________________________________(would rather do… than do… )
⑧_______________________________________(would do… rather than do… )
She preferred going with us to staying behind.
She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.
She would rather go with us than stay behind.
She would go with us rather than stay behind.
I recognized her the instant (that) I saw her.
我一眼就认出她来了。
He attracted her attention for an instant.
他刹那间便吸引了她的目光。
7．instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的
I’ll be back in an instant.
我马上就回来。
The telegram asked for an instant reply.
这封电报要求立即回复。
He often eats out at an instant Chinese restaurant.
他经常在一家中式快餐馆吃饭。
(1)the instant(that)一……就……(相当于连词)
for an instant一瞬间(指动作持续的时间)
in an instant立即，马上(指动作不久将发生)
(2)instant coffee速溶咖啡
instant noodles方便面
(3)“一……就……”的其他表达方式：
on/upon (doing) sth.
as soon as＋从句
the moment/instant/minute… ＋从句
immediately/instantly/directly＋从句
no sooner… than… /hardly/scarcely… when…
单句语法填空
①The birds flew away in all directions _______ instant they caught sight of a man coming near.
②These boys and girls jumped with joy _____________(instant) the chairman announced the result of the game.
③On ___________(hear) the news, the little boy burst into tears.
完成句子
④ _______________________________(一……就……) I saw him, I knew he was the suspect the police were looking for.
the
instantly
hearing
The instant/moment/minute/second
一句多译
一从国外回来，他就建立了一个自己的实验室。
⑤Upon/On _____________ from abroad, he set up a laboratory of his own.
⑥Upon/On _____________ from abroad, he set up a laboratory of his own.
⑦____________________ from abroad, he set up a laboratory of his own.
returning
his return
As soon as he returned
The police arrived and took command of the situation.
警察到达后就控制了局势。
The army is under the king’s direct command.
军队由国王直接统率。
8．command n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制
He’s studied in the US and has a good command of English.
他在美国留过学，精通英语。
The manager commanded that he (should) leave at once.
经理命令他立刻离开。
I command you to start for the front at once.
我命令你立即动身到前线去。
(1)take command of控制，指挥
in command of控制，指挥
under one’s command＝under the command of sb. 由某人控制/指挥
have a good command of… 精通……
(2)command sb. (not) to do sth. 命令某人(不要)做某事
command＋that从句 命令……(从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”的形式，should可以省略)
(3)commander n. [C]司令官， 指挥官，负责人
(4)commander-in-chief总司令，最高统帅
command作名词，意为“命令”时，其后的从句也要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”的形式，should可以省略。
His command was that we (should) start off immediately.
他命令我们立即出发。
单句语法填空
①(2019·江西九江一中期末)In addition, I’ve studied English for over eight years and have got a good command ______ it.
②The librarian commanded that the books borrowed from the library ____________________(return) as soon as possible.
③He gave the command that the coal mine survivors ________________ (send) to the nearest hospital for treatment immediately.
④For the first time in years, she felt ______ command of her life.
of
(should) be returned
(should) be sent
in
完成句子
⑤Applicants will be expected to ______________________(精通) English.
一句多译
这个领导命令他们立刻离开。
⑥The leader gave a command that _________________________.
⑦The leader commanded that they _____________________.
⑧The leader commanded them _______________.
have a good command of
they (should) leave at once
(should) leave at once
to leave at once
They refused to obey (the order).
他们拒绝服从(这项命令)。
He always obeys his parents though they may be wrong sometimes.
他对父母一向顺从，即使有时他们也许错了。
9．obey vi. & vt. 服从，遵守
(1)obey a command/an order服从指挥/命令
obey rules/the law遵守规则/法律
(2)disobey vt. & vi. 不服从；违抗
完成句子
①As a junior clerk, you must ____________________(服从上级官员) at all times.
②If everyone ______________________(遵守交通规则), safety will be much improved.
单句语法填空
③He was punished for ______________(obey) the manager’s command.
obey a senior officer
obeys the traffic rules
disobeying
How did Moore react to her dad’s warning
摩尔对她父亲的警告有何反应？
There is a warning on the bottle of the medicine.
那药瓶上有注意事项。
10．warning n. 警告；警示；先兆
(1)a warning signal警报信号
without warning没有预告地，突然地
(2)warn vt. 警告；提醒；通知
vi. 发出警告，发出预告
warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
warn sb. against (doing) sth. 警告(使对……有所防备)
warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人(不要)做某事
warn sb. that… 警告某人……
I just wanted to get more information for my report to warn more girls never to be fooled.
我只是想为我的报告收集更多信息，来警告更多的女孩不要被人愚弄。
He has been warned of danger of driving after drinking wine.
他已被提醒过酒后开车危险。
I must warn you against raising your hopes.
我必须警告你不要期望过高。
When I had my first baby, friends warned me that children were expensive.
当我有了第一个孩子时，朋友们提醒我说养孩子是很花钱的。
用于v. ＋sb. of (doing) sth. 结构的常用词汇还有：
inform(通知)；accuse(指控)；remind(提醒)；cure(治愈)；suspect(怀疑)。
单句语法填空
①She gave her child _____ warning of not playing near the railway line.
②Doctors issued a warning ___________ eating any fish caught in the river.
③They warned him ______ the dangers of sailing alone again and again but he wouldn’t listen.
④They warned people not __________(keep) large amounts of cash in their homes.
a
against
of
to keep
完成句子
⑤Children must _________________________ main roads.
须警告孩子们远离交通要道。
be warned to stay away from
“All children have the potential to overcome adversity，” she said.
“所有的孩子都有克服逆境的潜力。”她说。
The firm has identified 60 potential customers at home and abroad.
该公司已在国内外找到60个潜在客户。
We should make the best of everything, including the best use of human potentials.
我们应该充分利用一切事物，包括挖掘人类潜能。
11．potential adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性
(1)have the potential to do sth. 有做某事的潜力(能力)
(2)potentially adv. 可能地，潜在地
单句语法填空
①Running outside is _____________(potential) dangerous, because roof tiles and glass may fall on you.
②I believe he has the potential __________(make) a good dancer.
potentially
to make
The tests are designed to detect the disease early.
这些检查旨在早期查出疾病。
Arnold could detect a certain sadness in the old man’s face.
阿诺德能觉察到老人脸上的一丝悲伤。
12．detect vt. 发现；查明
(1)detection n. [U]侦查，探测，察觉，发现
(2)detective n. [C]侦探，警探；私人侦探
a detective story/novel侦探故事/小说
(3)detectable adj. 可察觉的
The detective is detecting the case.
侦探在侦破案件。
单句语法填空
①Some sounds cannot ______________(detect) by the human ear.
②There has been no ______________(detect) change in the patient’s condition.
③Early _____________(detect) of the cancer improves the chances of successful treatment.
be detected
detectable
detection
Once we have all the relevant information, we can make a decision.
我们一旦掌握了所有的相关信息，就可以作出决定。
Apparently, what we are discussing should be relevant to the subject, but not opposite.
显然，我们正在讨论的内容应该与主题相关，而不是相反。
13．relevant adj. 有关的；有意义的
(1)be relevant to与……有关
(2)relevance n. 中肯；相关性
(3)relevantly adv. 有关地；切题地
单句语法填空
①These comments are not directly relevant ______ this enquiry.
完成句子
②In the exams, make sure that everything you write ______________ (与……相关) the questions you have been asked.
to
is relevant to
Admission tickets for all the attractions in the amusement park are available.
游乐园中所有景点的门票都可以买到。
There are plenty of jobs available in the area.
这个地区有许多就业机会。
Will she be available this afternoon
今天下午她有空吗？
14．available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的
be available to……可获得；可被……利用
be available for对……有用
be available to do sth. 有空做某事
英语中有一类形容词叫作表语形容词。一些以a-开头的形容词(字母a通常弱读)，如alive，afraid，awake，alone，asleep，available等，一般作表语；如果作定语，则必须置于被修饰词的后面。
He is one of the most famous pianists alive in the world.
他是世界上健在的最著名的钢琴家之一。
单句语法填空
①There’s no money available _______ an office party this year.
②It is vital that food is made available ______ the famine areas.
③I’m afraid I’m not available __________(help) with your homework.
for
to
to help
完成句子
④I’m sorry, Mr. White ________________(没空) at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t come to an end.
⑤Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a larger one __________________________(一旦它可以用).
is not available
as soon as it becomes available
Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water.
＝Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water.
氢与氧化合成水。
They combined against a common enemy.
他们联合起来对抗共同的敌人。
15．combine vt. & vi. (使)结合；混合
(1)combine with与……结合起来
combine A and/with B把A和B结合起来
combine against联合起来对抗……
(2)combination n. 结合，联合，混合
in combination with与……结合
combine, connect, join
combine “结合；联合”，指为了一个目的而把两个以上的事物联系在一起
connect 事物(东西)不紧密地连接，也可用于抽象的联系(如姻亲关系)，后接 with/to
join 指直接连接两物或两地，也可指两物紧密地连接，后接 to，不接 with
We should combine work with pleasure.
我们应该劳逸结合。
I cannot connect to the Internet.
我无法连接因特网。
Where do the two streams join
这两条小溪会在哪里交汇？
单句语法填空
①The beautiful scenery, ____________(combine) with delicious food and lovely weather, made our visit to Hawaii unforgettable.
②In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, _____________ (combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”.
完成句子
③It is well-known that theory must be ______________(与……结合) practice.
combined
combining
combined with
We have to keep track of every cent we spend.
我们必须记下用去的每一分钱。
He reads the newspapers to keep track of current events.
他看报以便了解时事。
重 点 短 语
1．keep track of… 了解……的动态；与……保持联系；记录
keep(… )from不让(某人)做某事，阻止(某事)发生
keep away from远离
keep on继续，不停地(做某事)
keep back忍住，抑制住；隐瞒
keep to遵守，信守(协定或规则)
keep up with跟上
keep off(使)远离
keep up持续不变；继续下去
Nothing will keep me from watching the exciting softball match.
什么也无法阻止我去看那场令人激动的垒球比赛。
He kept on working outdoors until midnight even though he was tired.
尽管累了，他还是在户外继续工作到深夜。
完成句子
①Be sure to _____________(记录) changes.
②I had to walk fast to ______________(跟上) him.
③Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to __________(保持) his courage.
④Where he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and __________(继续) going.
keep track of
keep up with
keep up
keep on
There is a thick covering of leaves in the forest, which are very easy to catch fire.
森林中有厚厚的一层树叶，它们是非常容易着火的。
She was standing too close to the fireplace and her dress caught fire.
她站得离壁炉太近了，裙子烧着了。
2．catch fire 着火
(1)与fire相关的其他短语：
be on fire着火(强调状态)
put out a fire灭火(主语通常是人)
set… on fire＝set fire to… 点燃……
(2)英语中有一些短语意思相同，但一个表动作，一个表状态。表状态的短语中往往含有连系动词be或表示状态的have。
着火catch fire/be on fire
与某人失去联系lose touch with sb. /be out of touch with sb.
(与某人)结婚get married (to sb. )/be married (to sb. )
习惯于(做)某事get used to (doing) sth. /be used to (doing) sth.
参军join the army/be in the army
感冒catch a cold/have a cold
睡着fall asleep/be asleep
完成句子
①How long have you _____________(结婚)
②They ______________(结婚) last year.
③Staying in an air-conditioned room for too long may cause people to ___________(生病).
④You _____________(生病) for a long time. You’d better see a doctor.
⑤I _______________(与……失去联络) him seven years ago.
⑥I ________________________(与……失去联络) him for seven years.
been married
got married
fall ill
have been ill
lost touch with
have been out of touch with
In this sense, children and adults have equal rights.
从这个意义上说，儿童和大人享有同样的权利。
In this sense, personality is the very soul of art.
由这种意义上来说，人格就是艺术的灵魂。
3．in this sense 从这种意义上来讲
in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in no sense决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)
make sense有意义
make sense of弄懂
make no sense讲不通；没有意义
There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有意义的。
单句语法填空
① ______ a sense, however, Chinese is indeed a very old language.
②In ______ sense should you lose heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
③There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make sense ______ them at all.
In
no
of
完成句子
④ _____________(在这个意义上)，he is a lucky boy.
⑤____________(在某种意义上), he has no friend other than you.
⑥_____________(决不) do I agree.
In this sense
In a sense
In no sense
此句为简单句，含有三个并列谓语(will) keep, save和provide。其中动词不定式短语to live in作定语，修饰environment。
重 点 句 型
1．These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.
这些智能住宅将使我们安全，节省能源，并提供一个更舒适的居住环境。
动词不定式短语作定语
(1)如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需要加相应的介词。
They had only a cold room to live in.
他们只有一间寒冷的房间住。
He has a nice pen to write with.
他有一支用来写字的好钢笔。
(2)如果被修饰词是time，place或way，不定式后的介词习惯上可以省略。
They found no place to stay (in) for the night.
他们没有找到地方过夜。
常接不定式作定语的名词有ability，chance，idea，excuse，promise，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time等。
The system has the ability to run more than one program at the same time.
该系统能够同时运行一个以上的程序。
Please give me a chance to explain.
请给我一个解释的机会。
单句语法填空
①I’m looking for a house to live ______.
②She was the first woman _________(win) the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
③Telling your family history is a great way for the younger members of your family ___________(learn) some history and really understand and connect with it.
in
to win
to learn
④That Beijing together with Zhangjiakou succeeded in getting the chance __________(host) the 2022 Winter Olympic Games speeds up the development of Zhangjiakou.
完成句子
⑤— ____________________(最后一个到的人) pays for the meal.
—Agreed!
to host
The last one to arrive
本句中before 引导时间状语从句。before 引导时间状语从句时可以根据语境译作“过了……(时间)才……”“还没来得及……就……”和“在……之前”。
2．Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
然而，大多数新房屋还需要几年才能开始使用这项新技术。
before 常用句型：
(1)“It was＋时间段＋before… ”意为“过了多久才……”，从句常用一般过去时。
(2)“It was not long before… ”意为“不久就……”，从句常用一般过去时。
(3)“It will not be long before… ”意为“不久就会……”，从句常用一般现在时。
(4)“It will be＋时间段＋before… ”意为“要过多久才……”，从句常用一般现在时。
Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.
在你来拜访之前，我从未意识到我住在一个多么美丽的地方。
They walked about 30 miles before they saw a village.
他们走了大约30英里才看到一个村庄。
We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.
我们跑了还不到1英里他就累了。
Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.
我还没意识到，一个小时就已经过去了，该吃午饭了。
It was really a long time before I realized the truth.
过了很长一段时间我才认识到真相。
It won’t be long before the arrive.
不久他们就会到了。
It will be two months before the new building is put into use.
要过两个月这栋新楼才会投入使用。
单句语法填空
①It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it is important to study a good map __________ you set out.
②If you miss this chance, ______ may be years before you get another one.
before
it
完成句子
③(2020·天津部分区模考)真是对不起让你久等了，但是还要过一段时间你才能拿到你的护照。
I’m sorry you have been waiting so long, but it will still be some time _____________________________.
④这次历史考试非常简单，我没花多长时间就做完了。
The history exam was so easy that ___________________________ _______________ I finished.
before you can get your passport
it wasn’t long before或it didn’t
take long before
⑤他要去澳大利亚了，三年后才会回来。
He is leaving for Australia and __________________________ he comes back.
⑥趁着我还没忘，我得把它记下来。
I must write it down _________________.
⑦三天后他才作出决定接受我们的建议。
_____________________ he made the decision to accept our suggestion.
it will be three years before
before I forget it
It was three days before
3．For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off, making your home more energy-efficient.
例如，智能家居可以控制空调和灯光，这样你就不必再打开和关闭开关，使你的家更加节能。
本句是一个复合句。the smart home could control… 是主句，so that引导的是目的状语从句。so that意为“以便；为了”，引导目的状语从句，在从句中常与can，may，could，might等情态动词连用。
They may be able to help with childcare so that you can have a break.
他们可以帮忙照料孩子，这样你就可以歇一歇了。
You have to carry a mobile phone so that they can call you at any time.
你要随身带着手机，以便他们随时呼你。
(1)in order that也可引导目的状语从句，可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句通常置于主句之后。
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
为了能看到日出，我们早早地出发去山顶。
I beg you to teach the text more slowly in order that most of the students can easily follow you.
我请求您讲课文更慢一点，这样大多数学生就能很容易地跟上您。
(2)so that还可以引导结果状语从句，句中没有情态动词。
He hurried to the station so that he could catch the early bus.
他匆匆忙忙赶往车站，以便能赶上早班车。(表示目的)
He hurried to the station so that he caught the early bus.
他匆匆忙忙赶往车站，结果赶上早班车。(表示结果)
完成句子
①我把所有事实都告诉你，使你得以自己作出判断。
I’ll give you all the facts ____________________________.
②我再说一遍，省得你忘了。
Let me remind you once again _______________________.
句型转换
③To have more time to read and select books, we can set out early.
→We can set out early _________________ more time to read and select books.
so that you can judge for yourself
so that you won’t forget
so that we can have
这是一个简单句。can’t help but do意为“只能做……；不得不做……；只好做……”。相当于can’t help doing sth. 。
She couldn’t help but wonder what he was thinking.
她不禁琢磨着他在想些什么。
He is such a famous professor that you can’t help but respect him.
他是一位如此著名的教授，以至于你不得不尊敬他。
4．However, I could not help but feel anxious.
然而，我忍不住感到焦虑。
I have so much work to do today that I can’t help do housework.
我今天有如此多的工作要做以至于我不能帮忙做家务。
I can’t help thinking he knows more than he has told us.
我总觉得他没把他知道的事全告诉我们。
I am busy at the moment, so I can’t help to clean the room.
我现在很忙，无法帮忙打扫房间。
单句语法填空
①I couldn’t help but __________(wonder) why I stayed up until midnight to see a movie.
②Hearing his experience on the deserted island, I can’t help ______________(move) by his perseverance.
③I’m afraid your suggestion can’t help ___________(improve) the service of their shop.
wonder
being moved
improve
完成句子
④大卫一见到我就情不自禁地谈起他的北京之行。
The instant David saw me he _______________________________ _________ about his trip to Beijing.
couldn’t help talking或couldn’t help
but talk
随堂达标验收
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．Sentences can be broken up into clauses, and clauses into ________ (短语).
2．The residents live separately but share big ____________(电器) such as washing machines and cars.
3．(2020·江苏省启东中学期末) They also make the TV __________ (可获得的) to people who live far away from cities and satellite dishes can often be seen distributed (分布) throughout the countryside and _______ (遥远的) areas.
phrases
appliances
available
remote
4．(2021·重庆南开中学月考) Researchers have long known that ___________(日常的) lack of sleep can cause weight gain and increase other health risks.
5．Also, sports teach us the importance of ___________ (遵守) the rules in a match.
6．We do not think such an ____________(不正常的) phenomenon will last long.
routine
obeying
abnormal
7．Our ___________(班长) always comes to our help when we get into trouble even if she is busy.
8．Their inventions have contributed to the development of __________ (电的) engineering.
9．Then, my grandmother was diagnosed with __________(癌症) and died about a month later.
10．The rain fell throughout the night with the roof already __________ (渗漏).
monitor
electrical
cancer
leaking
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．When the phones are switched _______, those who are more dependent on their mobiles will feel worse.
2．(2019·北京完形填空改编) Regardless of the weather or the ____________(distant), Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
3．Though my hometown is small and distant ________ cities, there is always something different to catch your eye.
off
distance
from
4．The teacher commanded us __________(hand) in our exercises next Monday.
5．(2021·全国甲卷)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their _________(day) routines.
6．Though warned ______ the danger many times, some drivers still drive after drinking, which not only breaks the law but also is probably life-threatening.
to hand
daily
of
7．Primary schooling, ______ a sense, is more important than secondary schooling.
8．(2019·天津完形填空改编) This one stranger responded beautifully ______ my small crisis, but she actually wasn’t the only one.
9．We have very strict quality control and anything imperfect is rejected, so customers feel secure _________ our products.
10．They tried to persuade their young sister __________(stay) behind, saying that the long walk would be too tiring for her.
in
to
about
to stay
Ⅲ．选词填空
1．(2020·湖北荆州期末) If you ____________________ English, it is easier for you to find a job there.
2．She ____________ worked for the museum, but still lived in its residential area.
3．_____________ these arrangements, extra ambulances will he on duty until midnight.
catch fire，have a good command of，switch off，no longer，have a preference for，keep track of，in addition to，just about
have a good command of
no longer
In addition to
4．Don’t annoy me again. I must warn you that my patience is _____________ at an end.
5．The dry grass ______________, but we put it out before it spread.
6．Teachers always ____________________ students who are diligent and active in class.
7．Every month consumers buy hundreds of phones from our shop, and we _____________ what’s hot and what’s not.
8．If there is any urgent situation, press this red button to ___________ the electricity.
just about
caught fire
have a preference for
keep track of
switch off
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．他们不再总是依赖父母的钱。
They ____________ rely on their parents for money all the time. (longer)
2．我一浮上水面，就有人把我拉上了岸。
I was pulled onto the shore ______________ I reached the surface. (instant)
no longer
the instant
3．过不了多久，我们就会知道期末考试的结果了。
_____________________ we know the result of the final examination. (before)
4．显然，你越早发现这种问题，你就越有可能解决它。
Obviously, the earlier you _________________________, the better chance of solving it you will have. (detect)
5．我警告过他不要在那条河里游泳，但他不听。
I ______________________ in that river, but he didn’t listen. (warn)
It won’t be long before
detect this kind of problem
warned him not to swim
Ⅴ．课文语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you dreamed of living in a smart home In fact, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes, 1._______ will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more 2._____________ (comfort) environment to live in.
which
comfortable
Today, we have to use switches for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. In the future, we will be using automatic control in our home. You will no longer have to think about 3._________(turn) switches on and off yourself. Your home will also learn your daily routine and 4._____________(preference), so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. In addition, your smart home will be 5.___________(careful) monitoring your health for you every day. Your bed, for example, will record how well you sleep every night. It will also be checking your body weight. If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a warning to your phone.
turning
preferences
carefully
Smart homes will be able 6.___________(prevent) serious damage from accidents. For example, if 7. ____ water pipe starts leaking, your smart home will detect it and provide you
8.______ the relevant information. This way, you will be able to fix the problem before your home 9._________(become) flooded. Nevertheless, 10._____ will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
to prevent
a
with
becomes
it
解析：
1．考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构及句意可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词smart homes，指物。故填which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
2．考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名词environment。故填形容词comfortable。
3．考查非谓语动词。空处作介词about的宾语。故用其v. -ing形式。故填turning。
4．考查名词的数。preference在此意为“偏爱的事物”，为可数名词；由语境可知，此处表示多种偏爱的事物。故用其复数形式。故填preferences。
5．考查副词。空处修饰动词。故填carefully。
6．考查非谓语动词。be able to do sth. 意为“能够做某事”。故填to prevent。
7．考查冠词。此处表示“水管漏水”，由starts可知，空处表示单数，为泛指。故填a。
8．考查介词。provide sb. with sth. 为固定搭配，意为“为某人提供某物”。故填with。
9．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主句使用一般将来时时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时；由从句主语your home可知，应用第三人称单数形式。故填becomes。
10．考查代词。此处是“It takes＋时间… ”句式，意为“……需要……时间”，before引导时间状语从句。故填it。
夯基提能作业(共30张PPT)
UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
Section Ⅳ 写作指导
夯基提能作业
写作方法指导
写作方法指导
写作指导
正反对比类议论文是从正反两方面辩证地说明某个观点。此类议论文应注意以下几点：
1．此类文章的结构一般为：引语——正方观点——反方观点——结论。
2．文章要做到要点完整、条理清晰。各段之间层次清楚，以使文章显得有条理。从段落内部的层次上讲，每一段一般又分为三部分：主题句、扩展句和总结句。
3．常用一般现在时。
正反对比类议论文
[常用表达]
1．开头用语
①We have a discussion about…
②Recently，we had a heated discussion on…
③According to a recent survey…
④When it comes to…
2．论证用语
①Opinions are divided on the question.
②Others have different opinions.
③Some students are for the idea, while others think otherwise.
④On the one hand… On the other hand…
⑤First/Second/Third/What’s more/Besides/In addition…
3．表达观点
①But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who…
②However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.
③However, some others argue that…
④At present, some people think… while others think…
⑤It has more disadvantages than advantages.
4．结束用语
①To sum up/In a word/In conclusion/In short/Above all/In general/ Generally speaking…
②I still hold the view that…
③Therefore，it is easy to draw the conclusion that…
[写作模板]
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over _________(引出话题或对象).
In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in _________(讨论议题). Generally speaking, it is widely believed that there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, _________(优点一). And secondly, _________(优点二).
Just as a popular saying goes, “Every coin has two sides. ” _________ (讨论议题) is no exception, and in other words, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, _________(缺点一). In addition, _________(缺点二).
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of ___(讨论议题) into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of _________(总结).
精品展示
互联网已经成为现代人工作和生活中必不可少的通信工具，在人们的生活中起着重要的作用，但它也有一些负面影响。请就互联网的利与弊发表你的见解，并阐述你的理由。内容包括：
好处 提供大量的信息，促进人际交流；
网上购物便捷
弊端 损害眼睛；
长时间上网影响工作和休息；
网瘾影响学生的学习
你的观点 ……
注意：词数80左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[审题谋篇]
第一步 明确要求
该写作属于正反观点对比类作文，故要用第______人称来写；文章的主题内容是谈论网络的利与弊以及你的看法。时态用__________ ____。
三
一般现在
时
第二步 确定段落
本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手：
Para. 1 引出话题；
Para. 2 互联网的好处和弊端；
Para. 3 自己的观点。
第三步 核心词汇
1．_______________________在……中起重要作用
2．____________优点
3．_____________弊端
4．_____________有助于，促成
5．___________对……有害
6．_____________对……上瘾
7．_______________充分利用
play an important part in
advantage
disadvantage
contribute to
do harm to
be addicted to
make full use of
第四步 句式升级
1．互联网已经成为现代人工作和生活中必不可少的通信工具，在人们的生活中起着重要的作用，给我们带来很多便利，但也有一些负面影响不容忽略。
(一般表达)Nowadays, the Internet has become an essential means of communication to modern people. The Internet plays an important part in our daily life and brings us many benefits, but its disadvantages should also not be ignored.
(高级表达)Nowadays, the Internet has become an essential means of communication to modern people, _________ plays an important part in our daily life and brings us many benefits, but its disadvantages should also not be ignored.
which
2．互联网可以给我们提供大量最新的信息。我们可以给朋友发送电子邮件从而促进人际交流。
(一般表达)The Internet can provide a great deal of the latest information for us. We can send e-mails to our friends, contributing to promoting social communication.
(高级表达) ______________ the Internet provide a great deal of the latest information for us ___________ we can send e-mails to our friends, contributing to promoting social communication.
Not only can
but also
3．互联网很容易让身体出问题，损害眼睛。
(一般表达)The Internet can easily lead to physical problems and do harm to our eyesight.
(高级表达)The Internet can easily lead to physical problems, _____________ our eyesight.
doing harm to
第五步 连句成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Nowadays, the Internet has become an essential means of communication to modern people, which plays an important part in our daily life and brings us many benefits, but its disadvantages should also not be ignored.
The Internet brings us many advantages. Firstly, not only can the Internet provide a great deal of the latest information for us but also we can send e-mails to our friends, contributing to promoting social communication. Secondly, the Internet makes shopping online convenient. However, the Internet has many disadvantages. It can easily lead to physical problems, doing harm to our eyesight. Surfing the Internet for a long time may affect our work and rest.
In my view, the most important is that we should learn how to make full use of its advantages while avoiding its disadvantages.
[亮点点评]
该范文结构完整，第一段引出话题；第二段论述互联网的好处和弊端；第三段发表自己的观点。要点齐全，语言规范地道，环环相扣。文中nowadays，firstly，secondly，but，however等过渡词衔接，使表达自然紧凑，环环相扣；在句式上，作者巧妙地使用了定语从句、非谓语动词等句式，亮点频出，表达形式多样。总之，该范文是一篇朗朗上口的优秀范文，值得学习。
如今越来越多的中学生拥有了自己的智能手机。然而，无论是在课堂还是在休闲时间，都会见到一些学生玩手机。请根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的英语短文，谈谈中学生使用智能手机的利与弊，并提出你自己的看法。
提示：
利：1．方便与朋友或家人保持联系；
2．很容易获取信息。
弊：1．太多时间花费在手机上，没有时间与朋友或家人面对面交流；
2．不能把注意力集中在学习上；
3．过度使用智能手机对健康有害。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Nowadays smartphones play an important role in our lives. A number of middle school students have owned them. No matter where we are, we can see students playing with their smartphones.
Smartphones are really good for students. They make students keep in touch with their friends or family conveniently. And they help students get information more easily. However, everything has two sides. When students spend too much time on smartphones, they don’t have time to communicate face to face with their friends or family. Smartphones may take their attention away from their studies. More seriously, using smartphones too much may cause health problems.
In my opinion, students should use smartphones wisely. And it’s necessary for them to take part in more outdoor activities.
夯基提能作业
