2021年上学期期中考试高一试卷
英 语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Which country does the man want to know about
A. Australia B. America C. Canada
2.Where is the man going this afternoon
A.To the city library．B.To the woman’s home. C.To the school.
3.What suggestion does the man give to the woman
A. Find the owner by using the phone.
B. Hand in the phone to the security office.
C. Take the phone to the teaching building.
4.What does the woman advise the man to do
AWait for the last train. B. Take a bus to Tianjin. C. Change his ticket.
5.What sport does the woman like
A. Golf B. Tennis C. Badminton
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What has happened to the man
A He is stuck in the elevator.
B. His clothes are caught in the elevator.
C. He is late for the meeting.
7. What will the man probably do
A. Call the repairman for help.
B. Wait to be rescued by the repairman.
C. Press one of the buttons in the elevator.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the boy not want to go to bed now
A. He wants to watch TV.
B. He has to prepare for the exams tomorrow.
C. He has much homework to do.
9. What will the boy do tomorrow
A. Go to school early. B. Have some exams. C. Review his lessons.
10. Which subject is the boy not good at
A. Math. B. History. C. English.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What happened to the woman
A. She argued with the clients about some details.
B. She made a mistake during the project.
C. She disagreed with Mr. Black about the project.
12. What does the woman think of Mr. Black
A. He is careless. B. He is calm. C. He is serious.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Saleswoman and client.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why does the man want to buy flowers for his girlfriend
A. Because she loves flowers.
B. Because her birthday is coming.
C. Because there is a discount on flowers.
15. What kind of flowers does the man buy for his girlfriend
A Roses B. Lilies. C. Tea roses.
16. How much does the man pay for the flowers
A. 90 yuan B. 98 yuan C. 100 yuan
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
17. What turns light back when it shines upwards
A. Dust B. Buildings C. Trees
18. How does light affect insects at night
A. It blocks their view to the stars.
B. It prevents them from finding their way.
C. It leads them to be caught by bats.
19. How does light pollution affect trees
A. It affects the length of the day.
B. It raises the temperature.
C. It reduces the amount of water in air.
20. Why does light pollution affect humans
A. Because it disturbs their natural rhythm.
B. Because it leads directly to cancer.
C. Because it makes them lose weight.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you curious about mysterious creatures We are going to tell you about some here.
Okapi
If giraffes and zebras could produce a next generation, their babies would look like an okapi. This strange-looking creature has striped legs like a zebra and the face of a giraffe. Its neck is much shorter than a giraffe, but like its cousin, it has an extremely long tongue, which can be up to 12 inches long. The okapi can use its tongue to wash its own eyelids and ears. Before 1901, Okapis were known only to the people living in the Congo rainforest.
Loch Ness Monster
The locals near Loch Ness in northwestern Scotland refer to the mysterious creature as "Nessie". Nessie is said to be a large animal with a long neck that lived during the time of the dinosaurs. Similar creatures have been reported in other lakes around the world. But whether it is real remains unknown.
Ivory-Billed Woodpecker
By the mid-1990s, the ivory- billed woodpecker was widely believed to have died out due to deforestation(砍伐森林) and hunting. It was rediscovered in 2004, when a bird lover reported seeing one alive in the woods of Arkansas, America. Researchers later got a video of the bird.
King Cheetah
Starting in 1926, people in Zimbabwe began to see a cheetah with unusual markings. This cheetah has large spots like a leopard(美洲豹) and black stripes down its back. People called the creature "king cheetah". It is a leopard-cheetah hybrid (混合).
1. Which of the following is TRUE about the okapi
A. It is produced by a giraffe and a zebra.
B. It was not widely known until the twentieth century.
C. Its neck is much shorter than that of a zebra.
D. It was first found in 1901.
2. What can we learn from the passage
A. People still don’t know why the king cheetah has strange markings.
B. The giraffe has a short tongue.
C. Nessie is a kind of dinosaur.
D. The decrease in forests has had a great effect on the ivory-billed woodpecker.
3. Where can one most probably find this passage
A. In a nature magazine. B. In a travel guide.
C. In a book of fairy tales. D. In an advertisement.
B
The human population of Sri Lanka is now believed to be over 20 million. As a result, large areas of trees are being turned into farmland, highways are being built over centuries-old elephant migration routes, and elephants are being driven out of their habitats. This change causes turmoil, resulting in an increased number of uncontrollable events between elephants and humans.
The good news is that there is one place called the Elephant Transit Home (ETH) in Udawalawe National Park, the main purpose of which is to protect and care for baby elephants that are found injured or living without their mothers in the wild. A day at the ETH begins early in the morning when the baby elephants are given their first feeding of milk. During the course of the day, each baby will drink an average of 13 gallons of milk. Older elephants are fed mostly coconut leaves as well as other native plants. Then the elephants are set free to wander in the park, eating growing grass and forming a herd.
The ETH spends almost $125,000 each year on powdered milk for these baby animals. To help pay for food and medical supplies, the ETH has a foster（领养）parent program. Anyone, even schoolchildren, can help a lot by giving money to care for a baby elephant. While some foster parents are too far away to visit the baby elephant being cared for at the ETH, local schoolchildren play an important part in the program. Foster parents can name their elephants, take photographs of them, and even help send them back into the wild.
Now visitors are not encouraged to get close to the elephants. The goal of the ETH is for the elephants to return to the wild in the end. It usually takes three years for a baby elephant to be sent back into its natural habitat. The elephants are often set free together with other animals with whom they have close relationships. This program helps them return to the wild as members of a herd that will communicate with each other and take care of each other.
4. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. A condition of harmony. B. A phenomenon of pollution.
C. A state of disorder. D. A feeling of confusion.
5. According to the passage, the elephants at the ETH ________.
A. are taken care of by different means B. don’t get along well with other animals
C. mainly live on coconut leaves D. are fed separately all the time
6. As a foster parent at the ETH, you can ________.
A. take photos with the elephant B. give the elephant you care for a name
C. take the elephant home for better care D. visit Udawalawe National Park free of charge
7. The last paragraph mainly deals with ________ at the ETH.
A. the process of raising a young elephant B. the life of the baby elephants
C. the future of the elephants D. the requirements for being a foster parent
C
My basketball coach at Princeton used to say, "On the court, you can tell who is selfish."
When my sister Michelle brought Barack Obama home to meet the family, she said to me, "I want you to take him out to play, to see what type of guy he is when he’s not around me." So I invited Barack to play basketball with a few friends of mine.
I was very nervous although I had already met Barack a few times. I was thinking this guy seemed like a good guy. We played a hard five-on-five. He was thin but not weak. He played extremely left-handed. He dealt with everything perfectly. He wasn’t the best guy out there or the worst guy. I liked the fact that he was confident but wasn’t proud. Barack was very team-oriented (有团队精神的), very unselfish. He played as if he was one of us —he wasn’t trying to be president of Harvard Law Review. But the best part about it was that when we were on the same team, he did not pass me the ball each time. He wasn’t trying to suck up to my sister through me. I was glad to give my sister the good news, "Your boy is straight."
He isn’t selfish, which is the greatest praise you can give both a player and a leader. America has got a guy who is running a government in an efficient (有效率的) manner. That’s the same guy I got to know playing basketball when he was visiting my family.
8. Why does the author begin the passage with his coach’s words
A. He wants to remember and thank his coach.
B. He wants to show that he is a basketball player.
C. He wants to tell his sister about the words.
D. He wants to use the words to test a person.
9. Why did Michelle ask the author to take Barack to play basketball
A. To see whether he was confident.
B To see whether he was good at sports.
C. To see whether he was selfish or not.
D. To see whether he could get along with others.
10. During the basketball game, Barack ________.
A. played best all the time B. was strong enough to play
C. was not confident D. wanted to be the team leader
11. The underlined phrase in the third paragraph can be replaced by "________".
A. please B. know about C. help D. look for
D
Most of the new diseases we humans have faced in the past several decades have come from animals. The more we come into contact with wild animals, the more we risk a so-called disease “spillover” from animals to humans.
“As people move and wildlife move in response to a changing environment, humans and wildlife and animals will come in contact more regularly,” said Jeanne Fair from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. Fair argues that by shifting animal habitats, climate change will also make the opportunities for disease spillover more frequent. “Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the environment changes through climate change,” Fair said.
Scientists, including climatologists and epidemiologists (流行病学家) on Fair’s team at Los Alamos, are beginning to model how changes to the climate will impact the spread of infectious diseases. It’s early days for this kind of research, but previous studies suggest that extreme weather has already played a role in at least one outbreak. Scientists say drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rain forests and into orchards (果园) in Malaysia to find food. Those bats, a common disease reservoir, then passed the Nipah virus through pigs to humans for the first time in the late 1990s.
“We’re going by the past data to really predict what’s going to happen in the future,” Fair said, “And so, anytime you increase that wildlife-human interface, that’s sort of an emerging disease hot spot. And so, that’s just increasing as we go forward.”
Jeffrey Shaman, head of the climate and health program at Columbia University’s public health school, argues we don’t yet know whether climate change will cause a net increase in infectious disease rates globally. For example, mosquitoes carry disease that affects millions of people across the world every year. As their habitats expand in some parts of the world, they might contract diseases elsewhere. Shaman says what we know for certain about climate change is that it will make it harder to predict where disease outbreaks will pop up.
12. How does climate change affect the spread of disease according to Fair
A. By breaking animals’habits. B. By increasing animals’varieties.
C. By promoting animals’breeding. D. By changing animals’living environment.
13. What is the example of bats for in paragraph 3
A. Explaining the influence of Nipah virus.
B. Proving the harm of bats to human beings.
C. Showing the effects of climate change on disease.
D. Presenting scientists’early study about the cause of disease.
14. What can we infer from Fair’s words in paragraph 4
A. Humans should give up studying animals.
B. Frequent contact with animals can cause disease outbreaks.
C. Disease hot spots will disappear if animals die out.
D. Past data can solve the problems in the future.
15. What could be the best title for the text
A. Climate Change and Disease Spillover
B. Animals’Interaction with Humans
C. Early Studies about Extreme Weather
D. Scientists’Prediction for Disease Outbreaks
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项（有两项为多余选项)。
Some people make you feel comfortable when they are around. You spend an hour with them and feel as if you have known them half your life.___16___
Here are several skills that good talkers have. If you follow the skills, they’ll help you put people at their ease, and make friends with them quickly.
First of all, good talkers ask questions.____17____One well-known businesswoman says, “At business lunches, I always ask people what they did that morning. It’s a common question, but it will get things going.” From there you can move on to other matters—sometimes to really personal questions.___18___
Second, once good talkers have asked questions, they listen to the answers. This point seems clear, but it isn’t. Your questions should have a point and help to tell what sort of person you are talking to. And to find out, you really have to listen carefully and attentively. ___19___ If someone sticks to one topic, you can take it as a fact that he’s really interested in it. Real listening also means not just listening to words, but to tones of voice. If the voice sounds dull, then, it’s time for you to change the subject.
Finally, good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion of parting. If you’re saying good-bye, you may give him a firm handshake and say, “I’ve really enjoyed meeting you.”____20____Let people know what you feel, and they may walk away feeling as if they’ve known you half their life.
A. You can become a popular person.
B. It’s polite to listen to others with a smile.
C. These people have something in common.
D. Real listening at least means some things.
E. If you want to see that person again, don’t keep it a secret.
F. And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.
G. Almost anyone, no matter how shy he is, will answer a question.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共15 小题；每小题 1分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的
最佳选项。
Once a boy really had everything he wanted, so he was only interested in the rarest objects. One day he found a mysterious mirror and took it home. When he looked into the mirror, he found that his face looked very sad. He tried smiling , but it remained the same. Surprised, the boy went off to buy some sweets. He went home and looked into the mirror as happily as possible,but his image was still sad-looking. He bought all kinds of toys, but he looked forever____21____in that mirror. So the boy put the mirror away in a____22____."What a(n)____23____mirror! I’ve never seen a mirror that didn’t____24____properly!"
That same afternoon he went out to play, but on his____25____to the park he saw a little girl crying loudly. So he went over to see what was happening. The little girl told him that she had____26____her parents. Together, they____27____in search of them. As the little girl continued crying, the boy____28____his money in buying sweets to cheer her up.____29____, after walking for a long time, they found her parents, who looked very worried. The boy said goodbye, and walked off towards the park. But_____30_____the time, he decided to turn around and head_____31_____home, as he had no time to_____32_____.
At home, he went to his room and noticed a shining_____33_____in the corner that he had left the mirror in. Seeing this, he went over to the mirror and_____34_____that the light was coming from his own body, because he was so happy at having helped that little girl. And so he understood the mystery of that mirror, the only mirror reflecting faithfully the_____35_____joy of its owner.
21. A. sad B. angry C. happy D. satisfied
22. A. corner B. box C. room D. bag
23. A. interesting B. terrible C. wonderful D. difficult
24. A. move B. look C. keep D. work
25. A. way B. course C. road D. line
26. A. escaped B. hated C. left D. lost
27. A. set off B. set aside C. set down D. set up
28. A. took B. cost C. spent D. held
29. A. Finally B. Actually C. Naturally D. Generally
30. A. telling B. seeing C. watching D. pointing
31. A. in B. for C. off D. at
32. A. talk B. eat C. play D. walk
33 A. light B. shadow C. colour D. pattern
34. A. touched B. invented C. noticed D. realized
35. A. possible B. true C. strange D. common
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Amazon rainforest ____36____(cross) into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With ____37____ area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon River, ____38____ which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in ____39____(long)—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river ____40____(support) many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten ____41____ (know) species in the world can be found here.
Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water ____42____(lily) are big enough to lie down on. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom there is a system of roots ____43____ the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and ____44____ (final) the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of _____45_____(live) things.
第四部分 写作 （满分 40 分）
第一节 短语填空。根据教材内容，在横线处填上恰当的词完成句子 （15分）
46. The wedding ceremony ________ ________ in a brightly decorated room. （根据课文内容填空）
47. The customs that followed were ________ ________ ordinary. （根据课文内容填空）
48. I could feel it already--- the Carnival was ________ ________ ________!（根据课文内容填空）
49. The Double Ninth Festival, which has a history of over 2,000 years,________ ________ the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. （根据课文内容填空）
50. Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature-- love and hate , joy and sadness, fear and hope. It also ________ ________ a personal style--- no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences. （根据课文内容填空）
51. ________ ________, literature is the expression of life in the forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul. （根据课文内容填空）
52. As the largest rainforest in the world, it ________ ________ ________ ________ in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem. （根据课文内容填空）
53. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s ________ ________.（根据课文内容填空）
54. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps ________ ________ its body and return the nutrients to the earth. （根据课文内容填空）
55. Over the past 50 years, about 17 percent of the rainforest has disappeared ________ ________ human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. （根据课文内容填空）
第二节 应用文写作 （25分）
56. 全球气候变暖是目前人类面临的最大环境问题，请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，为节能减排献计献策。
要点提示：
1.球变暖的原因和危害；
2.应对措施；
3. ......
注意：
1. 词数 80-100；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2021年上学期期中考试高一试卷
英 语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Which country does the man want to know about
A. Australia B. America C. Canada
2.Where is the man going this afternoon
A.To the city library．B.To the woman’s home. C.To the school.
3.What suggestion does the man give to the woman
A. Find the owner by using the phone.
B. Hand in the phone to the security office.
C. Take the phone to the teaching building.
4.What does the woman advise the man to do
A.Wait for the last train. B. Take a bus to Tianjin. C. Change his ticket.
5.What sport does the woman like
A. Golf B. Tennis C. Badminton
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What has happened to the man
A. He is stuck in the elevator.
B. His clothes are caught in the elevator.
C. He is late for the meeting.
7. What will the man probably do
A. Call the repairman for help.
B. Wait to be rescued by the repairman.
C. Press one of the buttons in the elevator.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the boy not want to go to bed now
A. He wants to watch TV.
B. He has to prepare for the exams tomorrow.
C. He has much homework to do.
9. What will the boy do tomorrow
A. Go to school early. B. Have some exams. C. Review his lessons.
10. Which subject is the boy not good at
A. Math. B. History. C. English.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What happened to the woman
A. She argued with the clients about some details.
B. She made a mistake during the project.
C. She disagreed with Mr. Black about the project.
12. What does the woman think of Mr. Black
A. He is careless. B. He is calm. C. He is serious.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Saleswoman and client.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why does the man want to buy flowers for his girlfriend
A. Because she loves flowers.
B. Because her birthday is coming.
C. Because there is a discount on flowers.
15. What kind of flowers does the man buy for his girlfriend
A. Roses B. Lilies. C. Tea roses.
16. How much does the man pay for the flowers
A. 90 yuan B. 98 yuan C. 100 yuan
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
17. What turns light back when it shines upwards
A. Dust B. Buildings C. Trees
18. How does light affect insects at night
A. It blocks their view to the stars.
B. It prevents them from finding their way.
C. It leads them to be caught by bats.
19. How does light pollution affect trees
A. It affects the length of the day.
B. It raises the temperature.
C. It reduces the amount of water in air.
20. Why does light pollution affect humans
A. Because it disturbs their natural rhythm.
B. Because it leads directly to cancer.
C. Because it makes them lose weight.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you curious about mysterious creatures We are going to tell you about some here.
Okapi
If giraffes and zebras could produce a next generation, their babies would look like an okapi. This strange-looking creature has striped legs like a zebra and the face of a giraffe. Its neck is much shorter than a giraffe, but like its cousin, it has an extremely long tongue, which can be up to 12 inches long. The okapi can use its tongue to wash its own eyelids and ears. Before 1901, Okapis were known only to the people living in the Congo rainforest.
Loch Ness Monster
The locals near Loch Ness in northwestern Scotland refer to the mysterious creature as "Nessie". Nessie is said to be a large animal with a long neck that lived during the time of the dinosaurs. Similar creatures have been reported in other lakes around the world. But whether it is real remains unknown.
Ivory-Billed Woodpecker
By the mid-1990s, the ivory- billed woodpecker was widely believed to have died out due to deforestation(砍伐森林) and hunting. It was rediscovered in 2004, when a bird lover reported seeing one alive in the woods of Arkansas, America. Researchers later got a video of the bird.
King Cheetah
Starting in 1926, people in Zimbabwe began to see a cheetah with unusual markings. This cheetah has large spots like a leopard(美洲豹) and black stripes down its back. People called the creature "king cheetah". It is a leopard-cheetah hybrid (混合).
1. Which of the following is TRUE about the okapi
A. It is produced by a giraffe and a zebra.
B. It was not widely known until the twentieth century.
C. Its neck is much shorter than that of a zebra.
D. It was first found in 1901.
2. What can we learn from the passage
A. People still don’t know why the king cheetah has strange markings.
B. The giraffe has a short tongue.
C. Nessie is a kind of dinosaur.
D. The decrease in forests has had a great effect on the ivory-billed woodpecker.
3. Where can one most probably find this passage
A. In a nature magazine. B. In a travel guide.
C. In a book of fairy tales. D. In an advertisement.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些神秘的生物。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Okapi下的“Before 1901, Okapis were known only to the people living in the Congo rainforest.（1901年之前，只有生活在刚果雨林的人们才知道霍加狓。）”可知，霍加狓直到二十世纪才广为人知。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ivory-Billed Woodpecker下的“By the mid-1990s, the ivory- billed woodpecker was widely believed to have died out due to deforestation(砍伐森林) and hunting.（到20世纪90年代中期，人们普遍认为由于砍伐森林和捕猎，象牙喙啄木鸟已经灭绝。）”可知，森林的减少对象牙喙啄木鸟有很大的影响。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Are you curious about mysterious creatures We are going to tell you about some here.（你对神秘的生物好奇吗 我们将在这里告诉你一些。）”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一些神秘的生物，所以本文最有可能出现在自然杂志上。故选A。
B
The human population of Sri Lanka is now believed to be over 20 million. As a result, large areas of trees are being turned into farmland, highways are being built over centuries-old elephant migration routes, and elephants are being driven out of their habitats. This change causes turmoil, resulting in an increased number of uncontrollable events between elephants and humans.
The good news is that there is one place called the Elephant Transit Home (ETH) in Udawalawe National Park, the main purpose of which is to protect and care for baby elephants that are found injured or living without their mothers in the wild. A day at the ETH begins early in the morning when the baby elephants are given their first feeding of milk. During the course of the day, each baby will drink an average of 13 gallons of milk. Older elephants are fed mostly coconut leaves as well as other native plants. Then the elephants are set free to wander in the park, eating growing grass and forming a herd.
The ETH spends almost $125,000 each year on powdered milk for these baby animals. To help pay for food and medical supplies, the ETH has a foster（领养）parent program. Anyone, even schoolchildren, can help a lot by giving money to care for a baby elephant. While some foster parents are too far away to visit the baby elephant being cared for at the ETH, local schoolchildren play an important part in the program. Foster parents can name their elephants, take photographs of them, and even help send them back into the wild.
Now visitors are not encouraged to get close to the elephants. The goal of the ETH is for the elephants to return to the wild in the end. It usually takes three years for a baby elephant to be sent back into its natural habitat. The elephants are often set free together with other animals with whom they have close relationships. This program helps them return to the wild as members of a herd that will communicate with each other and take care of each other.
4. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. A condition of harmony. B. A phenomenon of pollution.
C. A state of disorder. D. A feeling of confusion.
5. According to the passage, the elephants at the ETH ________.
A. are taken care of by different means B. don’t get along well with other animals
C. mainly live on coconut leaves D. are fed separately all the time
6. As a foster parent at the ETH, you can ________.
A. take photos with the elephant B. give the elephant you care for a name
C. take the elephant home for better care D. visit Udawalawe National Park free of charge
7. The last paragraph mainly deals with ________ at the ETH.
A. the process of raising a young elephant B. the life of the baby elephants
C. the future of the elephants D. the requirements for being a foster parent
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯里兰卡为保护小象而设立的一个保护区——the Elephant Transit Home(大象过渡家园)，为了照顾好这些小象，保护区采取了多种不同的方法。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段划线词后半句“resulting in an increased number of uncontrollable events between elephants and humans.(导致大象和人类之间越来越多的无法控制的事件。)”可知，这些变化最终引起了人类与大象之间混乱的状态。所以turmoil为“ 混乱；骚动”之意。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A day at the ETH begins early in the morning when the baby elephants are given their first feeding of milk. During the course of the day, each baby will drink an average of 13 gallons of milk. Older elephants are fed mostly coconut leaves as well as other native plants. Then the elephants are set free to wander in the park, eating growing grass and forming a herd.(在大象过渡家园的一天开始于清晨，当小象被给予他们的第一次奶。在一天中，每个婴儿平均要喝13加仑的牛奶。年长的大象主要吃椰子叶和其他本地植物。然后大象被放生，在公园里漫步，吃生长的草，形成一群。)”和第三段“To help pay for food and medical supplies, the ETH has a foster（领养）parent program. Anyone, even schoolchildren, can help a lot by giving money to care for a baby elephant.(为了帮助支付食物和医疗用品，大象过渡家园有一个养父母计划。任何人，甚至是小学生，都可以通过捐钱照顾小象来帮助很多人。)”可知，保护区有领养项目，任何人都可通过捐钱来帮助照顾小象，所以保护区采取多种不同的方式照顾小象。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Foster parents can name their elephants, take photographs of them, and even help send them back into the wild.( 养父母可以给大象起名字，给它们拍照，甚至帮助它们回到野外。)”可知，领养的父母可以给小象起名字。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。文章最后一段“The goal of the ETH is for the elephants to return to the wild in the end.( 大象过渡家园的目标是让大象最终回到野外。)”可知，本段主要介绍了生活在大象过渡家园的小象今后的去向问题。故选C。
C
My basketball coach at Princeton used to say, "On the court, you can tell who is selfish."
When my sister Michelle brought Barack Obama home to meet the family, she said to me, "I want you to take him out to play, to see what type of guy he is when he’s not around me." So I invited Barack to play basketball with a few friends of mine.
I was very nervous although I had already met Barack a few times. I was thinking this guy seemed like a good guy. We played a hard five-on-five. He was thin but not weak. He played extremely left-handed. He dealt with everything perfectly. He wasn’t the best guy out there or the worst guy. I liked the fact that he was confident but wasn’t proud. Barack was very team-oriented (有团队精神的), very unselfish. He played as if he was one of us —he wasn’t trying to be president of Harvard Law Review. But the best part about it was that when we were on the same team, he did not pass me the ball each time. He wasn’t trying to suck up to my sister through me. I was glad to give my sister the good news, "Your boy is straight."
He isn’t selfish, which is the greatest praise you can give both a player and a leader. America has got a guy who is running a government in an efficient (有效率的) manner. That’s the same guy I got to know playing basketball when he was visiting my family.
8. Why does the author begin the passage with his coach’s words
A. He wants to remember and thank his coach.
B. He wants to show that he is a basketball player.
C. He wants to tell his sister about the words.
D. He wants to use the words to test a person.
9. Why did Michelle ask the author to take Barack to play basketball
A. To see whether he was confident.
B. To see whether he was good at sports.
C. To see whether he was selfish or not.
D. To see whether he could get along with others.
10. During the basketball game, Barack ________.
A. played best all the time B. was strong enough to play
C. was not confident D. wanted to be the team leader
11. The underlined phrase in the third paragraph can be replaced by "________".
A. please B. know about C. help D. look for
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了米歇尔让哥哥带着奥巴马通过打篮球来测试他的人品。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“So I invited Barack to play basketball with a few friends of mine.（所以我邀请巴拉克和我的几个朋友一起打篮球。）”可推断，第一段引用教练的话是为了作者下文对奥巴马的测试。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段米歇尔说的话“I want you to take him out to play, to see what type of guy he is when he’s not around me.（我想让你带他出去玩，看看他不在我身边时是什么样的人。）”以及第一段的暗示，可知，米歇尔要作者带巴拉克去打篮球是为了看他是否自私。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“We played a hard five-on-five. He was thin but not weak. He played extremely left-handed. He dealt with everything perfectly. He wasn’t the best guy out there or the worst guy.（我们打了一场五对五的硬仗。他很瘦，但并不虚弱。他的左手球打得非常好。他把每件事都处理得很完美。他不是最好的，也不是最坏的。）”可知，在篮球比赛中，巴拉克很强壮，可以上场打球。故选B。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“I was glad to give my sister the good news, "Your boy is straight." 我很高兴地告诉我妹妹这个好消息：“你的男孩是正直的。”）”可知，奥巴马并没有通过作者来讨好米歇尔。所以suck up to为“以甜言蜜语讨好，取悦”之意。故选A。
D
Most of the new diseases we humans have faced in the past several decades have come from animals. The more we come into contact with wild animals, the more we risk a so-called disease “spillover” from animals to humans.
“As people move and wildlife move in response to a changing environment, humans and wildlife and animals will come in contact more regularly,” said Jeanne Fair from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. Fair argues that by shifting animal habitats, climate change will also make the opportunities for disease spillover more frequent. “Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the environment changes through climate change,” Fair said.
Scientists, including climatologists and epidemiologists (流行病学家) on Fair’s team at Los Alamos, are beginning to model how changes to the climate will impact the spread of infectious diseases. It’s early days for this kind of research, but previous studies suggest that extreme weather has already played a role in at least one outbreak. Scientists say drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rain forests and into orchards (果园) in Malaysia to find food. Those bats, a common disease reservoir, then passed the Nipah virus through pigs to humans for the first time in the late 1990s.
“We’re going by the past data to really predict what’s going to happen in the future,” Fair said, “And so, anytime you increase that wildlife-human interface, that’s sort of an emerging disease hot spot. And so, that’s just increasing as we go forward.”
Jeffrey Shaman, head of the climate and health program at Columbia University’s public health school, argues we don’t yet know whether climate change will cause a net increase in infectious disease rates globally. For example, mosquitoes carry disease that affects millions of people across the world every year. As their habitats expand in some parts of the world, they might contract diseases elsewhere. Shaman says what we know for certain about climate change is that it will make it harder to predict where disease outbreaks will pop up.
12. How does climate change affect the spread of disease according to Fair
A. By breaking animals’habits. B. By increasing animals’varieties.
C. By promoting animals’breeding. D. By changing animals’living environment.
13. What is the example of bats for in paragraph 3
A. Explaining the influence of Nipah virus.
B. Proving the harm of bats to human beings.
C. Showing the effects of climate change on disease.
D. Presenting scientists’early study about the cause of disease.
14. What can we infer from Fair’s words in paragraph 4
A. Humans should give up studying animals.
B. Frequent contact with animals can cause disease outbreaks.
C. Disease hot spots will disappear if animals die out.
D. Past data can solve the problems in the future.
15. What could be the best title for the text
A. Climate Change and Disease Spillover
B. Animals’Interaction with Humans
C. Early Studies about Extreme Weather
D. Scientists’Prediction for Disease Outbreaks
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，聚焦气候变化对疾病传播的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fair argues that by shifting animal habitats, climate change will also make the opportunities for disease spillover more frequent.‘ Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the environment changes through climate change,’”可以得知Fair认为通过改变动物的栖息地，气候变化将使疾病蔓延的机会更加频繁，随着气候变化带来的环境变化，一切都在某种程度上发生变化，并将向未来转变。也就是说气候变化通过改变动物的生活环境（即栖息地）来影响疾病的传播。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“but previous studies suggest that extreme weather has already played a role in at least one outbreak.”可知之前的研究表明极端天气已经在至少一次疫情爆发中发挥了作用。根据第三段中的“Scientists say drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rain forests and into orchards in Malaysia to find food. Those bats, a common disease reservoir, then passed the Nipah virus through pigs to humans for the first time in the late 1990s.”可知作者举了一个蝙蝠的例子：干旱和森林砍伐两者的结合迫使蝙蝠离开雨林，进入马来西亚的果园寻找食物。这些蝙蝠是一种常见的疾病宿主，然后在20世纪90年代末首次通过猪将尼帕病毒传播给人类。由此推知这个蝙蝠的例子是为了说明气候变化对疾病的影响。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Fair said, “And so, anytime you increase that wildlife-human interface, that’s sort of an emerging disease hot spot.”可知Fair说任何时候只要野生动物与人类的接触变多，就会成为某种新的疾病热点。由此推断与野生动物过多的接触会引起疾病暴发，故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。本文的主旨句在第一段"he more we come into contact with wild
animals, the more we risk a so-called disease“spillover”from animals to human”，即我们与野生动物接触越多，就越有可能面临染上从动物“溢出”的疾病。接着下文用研究数据以及蝙蝠和蚊子为例来说明气候变化导致环境变化，迫使有些动物离开生存的环境，最终把疾病传染给人类。由此可知，天气的变化与疾病的关系。A项（气候变化和疾病蔓延）最能概括本文， B选项范围太大，C、D选项太片面。故选A项。
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项（有两项为多余选项)。
Some people make you feel comfortable when they are around. You spend an hour with them and feel as if you have known them half your life.___16___
Here are several skills that good talkers have. If you follow the skills, they’ll help you put people at their ease, and make friends with them quickly.
First of all, good talkers ask questions.____17____One well-known businesswoman says, “At business lunches, I always ask people what they did that morning. It’s a common question, but it will get things going.” From there you can move on to other matters—sometimes to really personal questions.___18___
Second, once good talkers have asked questions, they listen to the answers. This point seems clear, but it isn’t. Your questions should have a point and help to tell what sort of person you are talking to. And to find out, you really have to listen carefully and attentively. ___19___ If someone sticks to one topic, you can take it as a fact that he’s really interested in it. Real listening also means not just listening to words, but to tones of voice. If the voice sounds dull, then, it’s time for you to change the subject.
Finally, good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion of parting. If you’re saying good-bye, you may give him a firm handshake and say, “I’ve really enjoyed meeting you.”____20____Let people know what you feel, and they may walk away feeling as if they’ve known you half their life.
A. You can become a popular person.
B. It’s polite to listen to others with a smile.
C. These people have something in common.
D. Real listening at least means some things.
E. If you want to see that person again, don’t keep it a secret.
F. And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.
G. Almost anyone, no matter how shy he is, will answer a question.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了如何能成为一个善于交谈的人。
【16题详解】
根据空格前句子Some people make you feel comfortable when they are around.可知，有一些人在你身边时会让你感觉很舒服。再根据第二段段首句Here are several skills that good talkers have.可知，下文将介绍一些善于交谈的人所具备的技巧。由此可以推断出空格处应为承上启下的句子，C项These people have something in common.意为“这些人有共同点”，句中These people与上文的Some people指代一致，都代指下文提到的善于交谈的人，切题。故选C项。
17题详解】
分析文章结构，文章为总分结构。空格所在段主旨句为“First of all, good talkers ask questions.”，意为“善于交谈的人会问问题”。G项Almost anyone, no matter how shy he is, will answer a question.意为“几乎每个人，不管他多害羞，都会回答一个问题”，能够承接上文，表达出提出问题在交谈过程中的用途，能够开启你和别人的对话。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据空格前句子From there you can move on to other matters—sometimes to really personal questions.可知，接下来你可能会问一些私人问题。F项And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.意为“他的回答会让你知道你们还能聊多久”，能够承接上文，句中的how he answers与上文中的personal questions.形成对应关系，即一问一答。故选F项。
【19题详解】
空格所在段主旨句为“Second, once good talkers have asked questions, they listen to the answers.”，意为“一旦健谈者提出问题，他们就会倾听答案”。再分析段落结构，根据空格后句“Real listening also means…”中的also可知，空格处应为相似句型。D项Real listening at least means some things.意为“真正的倾听者至少意味着一些事情”，与后句句式一致且符合段落主旨，能够承上启下。故选D项。
【20题详解】
空格所在段主旨句为“Finally, good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion of parting.”，意为“健谈的人知道如何处理离别的时刻”。空格前句If you’re saying good-bye, you may give him a firm handshake and say, “I’ve really enjoyed meeting you.”在模拟离别时的情景。E项If you want to see that person again, don’t keep it a secret.意为“如果你想再见到那个人，就不要保守秘密”，与上句句式一致，符合段落主题，且能够引起下文的Let people know what you feel（让人们知道你的想法），故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共15 小题；每小题 1分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的
最佳选项。
Once a boy really had everything he wanted, so he was only interested in the rarest objects. One day he found a mysterious mirror and took it home. When he looked into the mirror, he found that his face looked very sad. He tried smiling , but it remained the same. Surprised, the boy went off to buy some sweets. He went home and looked into the mirror as happily as possible,but his image was still sad-looking. He bought all kinds of toys, but he looked forever____21____in that mirror. So the boy put the mirror away in a____22____."What a(n)____23____mirror! I’ve never seen a mirror that didn’t____24____properly!"
That same afternoon he went out to play, but on his____25____to the park he saw a little girl crying loudly. So he went over to see what was happening. The little girl told him that she had____26____her parents. Together, they____27____in search of them. As the little girl continued crying, the boy____28____his money in buying sweets to cheer her up.____29____, after walking for a long time, they found her parents, who looked very worried. The boy said goodbye, and walked off towards the park. But_____30_____the time, he decided to turn around and head_____31_____home, as he had no time to_____32_____.
At home, he went to his room and noticed a shining_____33_____in the corner that he had left the mirror in. Seeing this, he went over to the mirror and_____34_____that the light was coming from his own body, because he was so happy at having helped that little girl. And so he understood the mystery of that mirror, the only mirror reflecting faithfully the_____35_____joy of its owner.
21. A. sad B. angry C. happy D. satisfied
22. A. corner B. box C. room D. bag
23. A. interesting B. terrible C. wonderful D. difficult
24. A. move B. look C. keep D. work
25. A. way B. course C. road D. line
26. A. escaped B. hated C. left D. lost
27. A. set off B. set aside C. set down D. set up
28. A. took B. cost C. spent D. held
29. A. Finally B. Actually C. Naturally D. Generally
30. A. telling B. seeing C. watching D. pointing
31. A. in B. for C. off D. at
32. A. talk B. eat C. play D. walk
33. A. light B. shadow C. colour D. pattern
34 A. touched B. invented C. noticed D. realized
35. A. possible B. true C. strange D. common
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。一个男孩发现了一面神秘的镜子，无论他如何满脸笑容，镜子里都反射出他悲伤的脸。于是，他把它丢到了角落里。一次出游的路上，他帮助一个迷路的小女孩找到了父母。当他回去的时候，发现镜子闪耀着光芒。最后他明白了，这是一面神奇的镜子，能反射出主人内心真正的快乐。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他买了各种各样的玩具，但在镜子里他看起来永远那么悲伤。A. sad悲伤的；B. angry生气的；C. happy开心的；D. satisfied满意的。根据上文“He went home and looked into the mirror as happily as possible, but his image was still sad-looking.”及开头写到男孩努力尝试微笑，镜子里的表情还是悲伤的，可知，此处表示男孩镜子里的表情一直是悲伤的。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是男孩把镜子放在一个角落里。A. corner角落；B. box盒子；C. room房间；D. bag包。根据文章最后一段“At home, he went to his room and noticed a shining____13____in the corner that he had left the mirror in.”可知，男孩将镜子放在了角落里。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“多糟糕的一面镜子! 我从来没见过不能正常工作的镜子!”A. interesting有趣的；B. terrible糟糕的；C. wonderful奇妙的；D. difficult困难的。根据“So the boy put the mirror away in a____2____.”可以推测，男孩认为镜子很糟糕，照不出他微笑的样子。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. move移动；B. look看；C. keep保持；D. work工作。根据语境可知，男孩将镜子留在角落里是因为他认为镜子不能正常工作。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天下午，他出去玩，但在去公园的路上，他看到一个小女孩在大声哭。A. way道路；B. course航线；C. road马路；D. line线。根据“on his____5____to the park”可知，此处考查“on one’s way to… ”短语，意思为：在去……的路上。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小女孩告诉他她与父母走丢了。A. escape逃跑；B. hate讨厌；C. leave离开；D. lose丢失。根据下句中“in search of them”可知，小女孩和父母走丢了。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们一起出发去寻找他们。A. set off出发；B. set aside留出；C. set down记下；D. set up建立。根据上一句小女孩表示她和父母走丢了可知，他们出发寻找小女孩父母。 故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为小女孩继续哭，男孩就花钱买糖果让她高兴起来。A. take耗费（时间）；B. cost花费；C. spend花费（金钱、时间）；D. hold持有、拥有。此题考查spend的用法，spend money in doing sth.为固定搭配，意思为：花费金钱做某事。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：走了很长一段时间，他们终于找到了她的父母，他们看起来很着急。A. finally最后；B. actually实际上；C. naturally自然地；D. generally普遍地。根据“they found her parents”可知，最终，他们找到了小女孩的父母。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是看到时间，他决定转身回家，因为他没有时间玩了。A. tell告诉；B. see看见；C. watch观看；D. point指。根据“he had no time”可以推测，此处是看到时间不早了。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意同上。A.in在……里；B. for对、为了；C. off离开；D. at在。根据“turn around”可知，男孩转身回家了。“head for home”往家走、回家。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. talk交谈；B. eat吃；C. play玩耍；D. walk走路。根据本段第一句中“he went out to play”可知，小男孩没有时间继续玩耍了。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：回到家，他回到自己的房间，注意到他留下镜子的角落里有一束闪烁的光。A. light光；B. shadow阴影；C. colour颜色；D. pattern图案。根据“shining”可知，此处闪烁的应该是光。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这一切，他走到镜子前，意识到光线来自他自己的身体，因为他很高兴他帮助了那个小女孩。A. touch触摸；B. invent发明；C. notice注意到；D. realize意识到。根据“that the light was coming from his own body, because he was so happy at having helped that little girl”可知，男孩看到光芒后意识到，光芒来自自己的身体，因为他帮助了别人，很快乐。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：于是他明白了那面镜子的奥秘，这是唯一一面能忠实反映出主人真正的快乐的镜子。A. possible可能的；B. true真实的；C. strange陌生的、奇怪的；D. common共同的、普遍的。根据上一句中“because he was so happy at having helped that little girl”可知，男孩帮助了女孩，感到真正的快乐，镜子反射出他真正的快乐。故选B项。
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Amazon rainforest ____36____(cross) into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With ____37____ area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon River, ____38____ which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in ____39____(long)—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river ____40____(support) many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten ____41____ (know) species in the world can be found here.
Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water ____42____(lily) are big enough to lie down on. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom there is a system of roots ____43____ the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and ____44____ (final) the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of _____45_____(live) things.
【答案】36. crosses
37. an 38. from
39. length 40. supports
41. known 42. lilies
43. beneath
44. finally
45. living
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文；文章介绍了亚马逊雨林以及它在自然界的作用。
【36题详解】
考查一般现在时，主谓一致。句意：亚马逊雨林跨越八个国家，包括巴西和秘鲁，以及法国的一个海外地区，都在南美大陆。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词，描述的是客观事实；主语The Amazon rainforest为单数，因此动词需要使用第三人称单数。故填crosses。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：亚马逊雨林的面积约为600万平方公里，比中国的一半还大。分析句子结构可知此处位于可数名词area之前，因此需要填入冠词；area为元音音素开头，因此使用an。故填an。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：亚马逊河是热带雨林的源头，它的长度接近6400公里，大约比长江长100公里。分析句子结构可知，空格处是定语从句；从句中缺少介词，此处表示名词来自于亚马逊河。from……来自于。故填from。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：亚马逊河是热带雨林的源头，它的长度接近6400公里，大约比长江长100公里。此处位于介词in之后，因此需要填入名词；表示长度接近6400公里。故填length。
【40题详解】
考查一般现在时，主谓一致。句意：在从山区流向海洋的过程中，河流支撑着许多不同的生态系统。分析句子结构可知，空格处缺少谓语动词，描述的是客观事实，主语为单数。故填supports。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们让这个地区拥有地球上最丰富的生物多样性：世界上十分之一的已知物种都可以在这里找到。分析句子结构可知，句子中已经有谓语动词，因此需要填入非谓语动词，与逻辑主语之间为被动关系，因此需要使用过去分词。故填known。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：这种高大而古老的巴西坚果树出产我们可以吃的坚果；这些睡莲大得可以躺在上面。根据these可知，需要填入名词复数。故填lilies。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：在底部，有一个扎根的系统。根据at the bottom可知，此处应该指的是在……下面；此处“根”与地面之间相互接触。beneath在……底下，相互接触。故填beneath。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：然后是高耸的古老硬木，最后是离地面好几米高的最高的树的顶端。根据前句中的then可知，此处表示顺序；此处位于句首，修饰整个句子，因此需要使用副词。故填finally。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：森林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界，是不同种类生物的家园。分析句子结构可知此处位于名词前修饰名词，因此需要填入形容词。空格处表示“活着的”作定语。故填living。
第四部分 写作 （满分 40 分）
第一节 短语填空。根据教材内容，在横线处填上恰当的词完成句子 （15分）
46. The wedding ceremony ________ ________ in a brightly decorated room. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. took ②. place
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。句意：这个婚礼在一个装饰明亮的房间里举行。根据句意可知，此处表示“举行”，应用短语take place，且由句意可知，句子描述的是过去的事，“婚礼举行了”，应用一般过去时，故第一空填took，第二空填place。
47. The customs that followed were ________ ________ ordinary. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. anything ②. but
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：随之而来的习俗一点也不普通。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语anything but根本不，一点也不。故填①anything；②but。
48. I could feel it already--- the Carnival was ________ ________ ________!（根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ① in ②. the ③. air
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我能感觉到空气中弥漫着狂欢节的味道（狂欢节已经开始了）!由I could feel it already可知，已经有狂欢节的氛围了，因此空格处是固定短语in the air，意为“在空气中”，引申为“已经开始”，故填in，the，air。
49. The Double Ninth Festival, which has a history of over 2,000 years,________ ________ the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. falls ②. on
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意：重阳节是中国农历九月初九，有2000多年的历史。 根据课文内容，可知短语“fall on”（降临）符合题意，且描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，所以填falls on。
50. Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature-- love and hate joy and sadness, fear and hope. It also ________ ________ a personal style--- no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. takes ②. on
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述文学作品的特征。
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：好的文学作品都是反映出人性最根本的东西——爱与恨，快乐与悲伤，恐惧与希望。它也呈现出一种个人风格——没有一个作家描写人类生活不是以他自己的生活和经历为参照的。根据句子“It also ________ ________ a personal style--- no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences.”的句子结构可以看出，这里缺少的是句子中的谓语成分。根据整篇文章的结构可以看出，要用一般现在时，又因为主语是“it”，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。根据句意可知，这里需要“如实地反映出”的意思才能上下文意思连贯， “呈现出”对应的是take on。故填takes on。
51. ________ ________, literature is the expression of life in the forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. In ②. summary
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：总之，文学是以真善美的形式表现生命，是人类思想感情的书面记录，是人类灵魂的历史。in summary总之。根据句意，故填In summary。
52. As the largest rainforest in the world, it ________ ________ ________ ________ in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. plays ②. a ③. significant ④. role
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维持地球生态系统的微妙平衡方面发挥着重要作用。句子缺少谓语和宾语，根据课文内容，此处缺少play a significant role，意思为：发挥着重要作用，句子为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数it。故填：①plays；②a；③significant；④role。
53. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s ________ ________.（根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. food ②. chain
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：虽然有相当数量的美洲虎在这里生存，但它们只是这片森林食物链的一个组成部分。此处they是指前文中的jaguars，即“美洲虎”。根据“only one element of this forest’s”和课文内容可知，此处是指这些美洲虎只是这片森林食物链的一个组成部分。根据课文内容，表 示“食物链”应用名词短语food chain，名词chain作介词of的宾语，名词food作定语修饰名词chain。故填food chain。
54. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps ________ ________ its body and return the nutrients to the earth. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. break ②. down
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：当一只美洲虎死亡时，一小群微生物帮助分解它的身体，将营养物质归还给土壤。break down分解，动词help后接省to的不定式。故填break down。
55. Over the past 50 years, about 17 percent of the rainforest has disappeared ________ ________ human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. due ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在过去的50年里，由于农业和畜牧业等人类活动，大约17%的雨林消失了。根据课文内容，短语“due to”（由于）符合题意，所以填due to。
第二节 应用文写作 （25分）
56. 全球气候变暖是目前人类面临的最大环境问题，请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，为节能减排献计献策。
要点提示：
1.球变暖的原因和危害；
2.应对措施；
3. ......
注意：
1. 词数 80-100；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】With the rapid development of the economy, pollution has become one of the most serious problems nowadays. The emission of greenhouse gases not only results in more and more CO2 in the atmosphere but also keeps the temperature going up. It has many harmful effects on human beings and nature, such as the rise of sea levels, many natural disasters and so on.
Therefore, it’s time to take steps to make a difference. First of all, we should save energy. Secondly, we should plant more trees as they absorb carbon dioxide from the air and refresh our spirit when we look at them. Finally and most importantly, we should talk with our family and friends about global warming to raise people’s awareness of the importance of protecting the environment.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，全球气候变暖是目前人类面临的最大环境问题，请考生写一篇英语短文，为节能减排献计献策。
【详解】1.词汇积累
迅速：rapid→fast
严重的：serious→severe
影响：effect→influence
灾害：disaster→catastrophe
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The emission of greenhouse gases not only results in more and more CO2 in the atmosphere but also keeps the temperature going up. It has many harmful effects on human beings and nature, such as the rise of sea levels, many natural disasters and so on.
拓展句：The emission of greenhouse gases not only results in more and more CO2 in the atmosphere but also keeps the temperature going up, which has many harmful effects on human beings and nature, such as the rise of sea levels, many natural disasters and so on.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Therefore, it’s time to take steps to make a difference. (it用作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式)
[高分句型2] Secondly, we should plant more trees as they absorb carbon dioxide from the air and refresh our spirit when we look at them. (运用了as引导原因状语从句)
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