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M3 Unit 5 Canada—the True North (writing) 教学反思
本单元的写作任务要求学生根据课文中李黛玉和刘倩两人的穿越加拿大之行，完成一份旅游报告。这一任务对学生来说要求有点高，写作过程中会存在一定的困难。首先，要在一堂课内从两篇文章中选取重要信息并按要求完成写作任务，时间有点紧迫。其次，学生对旅游报告这一文体都缺乏足够的了解，有点无从下手的感觉。因此在写作任务的设计时笔者根据文章内容以及教参中给出的参考答案，设计了写作任务，简化了要求，降低了难度。首先，保留了参考答案中的大致结构，即：标题部分，引入，穿越加拿大之行第一天的见闻，以及最后的结论部分，略去了第二天的见闻，并以表格的形式列出重要信息点，要求学生根据课文以及表格中的内容，以5句话基础作文的形式补充完整该份挖空的旅游报告。这一设计可以让学生了解旅游报告的体裁特点，文章中保留的第一天的见闻也为学生提供了一定的语言输入。
此外，本堂写作课还有另外一个重要的任务，即要求学生在写作中正确运用定语从句和同位语使文章句式富于多样性，使用过渡词使文章具有流畅性。因此，写作前设计了合并句子的练习，让学生在练习合并句子的过程中发现总结写好定语从句的关键是找到句子的信息重合部分，当两个名词或名词词组指的是同一个物体时，可以使用同位语使句子简洁。这一练习为下面的写作环节做好铺垫。
在写作过程中，学生4人一组，每组负责完成一个句子。要求先独立完成句子写作，然后小组根据给出的评判标准如句子结构是否正确，有没有语法或拼写错误对每一位成员所写的句子进行讨论，选出最佳句子，并派一位代表上黑板把修改后的最佳句子写在黑板上，最后由教师进行点评。这样操作既给予学生独立思考的时间，又学生在后来的合作学习中发现自己的不足并改进。这一过程中，学生的合作意识加强了，主体精神得到了培养和锻炼。这种合作学习的教学方式使学生由“被动”的学转变为“主动”的学。课后的作业要求学生联句成篇，并在作文中运用定语从句和同位语以及恰当的过渡词。
在课堂实施过程中，由于学生基础及认识能力有所差异，因此在写作过程中，每位同学的参与程度，主动性的发挥各有不同。虽然本节课的课堂设计前半部分，尽可能地为学生提供一些写作素材，但还有些基础薄弱的同学跟不上课堂进度。由于课堂时间的限制，对学生作文的点评不是很充分。还需要进一步搜集，分析学生写作中存在的问题，再进行归纳，课堂效果很更加明显。
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Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”
Writing----to be a better writer
Teaching Plan
Teaching objectives:
1. Students get to know the structure of a travel report and master the vocabulary of distance, direction and location.
2. Students are expected to learn to use two most frequently applied writing techniques— attributive clause and appositive to make their writing better.
3. Students learn how to evaluate an essay from different aspects (the outline, content, grammar etc.)
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Warming up
Technique 1: Attributive clause 定语从句
Rewrite the sentences and make them into one.
(1) a. He is a man of great experience. b. Much can be learned from him.
_____________________________________________________________________
(2) a. I have many books. b. Some of the books are on chemistry.
_____________________________________________________________________ (3) a. He visited the Great Wall again. b. He went there two years ago.
_____________________________________________________________________
What is the key to combine two sentences into an attributive clause (定语从句)
— To find out the overlap.
Practice:
(4) a.加拿大是世界第二大国家。 (4) b. 它面积有997万平方公里。
Combine the above two sentences together.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Technique 2: Appositives 同位语
(5) a. Ottawa is the capital of Canada and is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
(5) b. Ottawa is also a good place for people to settle down.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Step 2 Writing task：Imagine you are the cousins who travelled across Canada and write a travel report about what you saw during the trip. (Students are required to carefully observe the organization of the travel report below and figure out its structure.)
What we saw in Canada
My cousin and I traveled across Canada by train from west to east. We saw many things from the train on the way across, and in the cities of Toronto and Montreal. Some of the most important and interesting things that we saw are included in this report.
We passed through the Rocky Mountains on the train, and saw wild scenery, a grizzly bear and some mountain goats. Canada is a wheat-growing area. The city of Thunder Bay is a port in the center of Canada. Ocean ships can come all the way to the top of the Great Lakes.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
There is so much to see and do in Canada on one trip. We saw only a few things, but we think we would like to go back for another visit.
写作内容：
请根据以下内容，完成李黛玉和刘谦的旅游报告。
Day 1 Day 2
1. 在多伦多---加拿大最大最富裕的城市，登上加拿大国家电视塔(CN Tower)，看到了尼亚加拉大瀑布(Niagara Falls)上升腾的薄雾(misty cloud) 4.第二天抵达蒙特利尔,发现周围的人们都讲法语，看到很多指示牌和广告都是用法语写的,有一些上面有小写的英语。
2. 参观了一个加顶的大型体育场(covered stadium)，那是几支著名篮球队的主场地 5. 蒙特利尔是一个具有法国文化和传统的城市，
3．去了中国城和一个朋友在一个叫做Pink Pearl餐厅吃饭
Step 3 While-writing
Task1: Work in groups of four. Each group works together to write a sentence and then choose a representative to report your sentence.
Exchange your work and try to correct the mistakes.
1. Is the sentence structure right
2. Is the information fully expressed
3. Are there any spelling or grammatical mistakes
4. Are there any advanced words or expressions in it
Step 4 Homework
Make the 5 sentences into a good writing. Remember to use some transitional words when necessary.
Sample:
In Toronto, the biggest and the wealthiest city in Canada, we went up the tall CN Tower and saw the misty cloud that rose from the Niagara Falls.
Then we visited the covered stadium, which is the home of several famous basketball teams.
At dusk, we went to Chinatown and had dinner with a friend at a restaurant called The Pink Pearl.
When we arrived in Montreal the next day, we found that people spoke French everywhere and saw many signs and advertisements in French，some of which had English words in small letters.
Generally speaking, Montreal is a city with French culture and traditions.
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Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”
Writing
by Tang Ying
中山纪念中学
Writing Task: Page 39
Write a short travel report about what they saw during the trip across Canada.
a title
a short paragraph to introduce your report’s topic
a paragraph for each impressive thing
a short conclusion
What we saw in Canada
My cousin and I traveled across Canada by train from west to east. We saw many things from the train on the way across, and in the cities of Toronto and Montreal. Some of the most important and interesting things that we saw are included in this report.
title
introduction
We passed through the Rocky Mountains on the train, and saw wild scenery, a grizzly bear and some mountain goats. Canada is a wheat-growing area. The city of Thunder Bay is a port in the center of Canada. Ocean ships can come all the way to the top of the Great Lakes.
scenery we saw on the way
In Toronto, we went up the CN Tower and saw the mist from Niagara Falls. We visited the covered stadium, which is the home of several famous basketball team. We saw Chinatown and had dinner at the Pink Pearl restaurant.
When we arrived in Montreal the next day, we saw many signs and ads in French. Then we went to Old Montreal and sat in a typical café beside the St Lawrence River. We spent the afternoon in shops and visiting the artists in their workplace.
There is so much to see and do in Canada on one trip. We saw only a few things, but we think we would like to go back for another visit.
conclusion
Attributive clauses:
Rewrite the sentences
a. He is a man of great experience.
b. Much can be learned from him.
He is a man of great experience, from whom much can be learnt.
a. I have many books.
b. Some of them are on chemistry.
I have many books, some of which are on chemistry.
Rewrite the sentences
Rewrite the sentences
a. He visited the Great Wall again.
b. He went there two years ago.
He visited the Great Wall again, where he went two years ago.
What is the key to combine two sentences into an attributive clause (定语从句)
— To find out the overlap(重叠的部分).
两个句子中有重复的信息成分，可考虑用定语从句；
1.加拿大是世界第二大国家。
2. 它面积有997万平方公里。
Canada is the second largest country in the world.
Canada covers an area of 9.97 million square kilometers.
Canada, covering an area of 9.97 million square kilometers, is the second largest country in the world.
Canada, which covers an area of 9.97 million square kilometers, is the second largest country in the world.
Canada, the second largest country in the world, covers an area of 9.97 million square kilometers. (同位语)
Appositive (同位语) is a noun (noun phrase) follows another noun and further defines or explains it. The two nouns refer to the same thing.
e.g. A picture of George Washington, our first president, appears on the one dollar bill.
Jiang Jiale, our monitor, is a responsible boy.
Appositives (同位语)
a. Ottawa is the capital of Canada and one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
b. Ottawa is also a good place to settle down.
Ottawa, the capital of Canada, is not only one of the most beautiful cities in the world, but also a good place for people to settle down.
Rewrite the sentences
Day 1 Day 2
1.在多伦多---加拿大最大最富裕的城市，登上加拿大国家电视塔(CN Tower)，看到了尼亚加拉大瀑布(Niagara Falls)上升腾的薄雾(misty cloud) 4.第二天抵达蒙特利尔,发现周围的人们都讲法语，看到很多指示牌和广告都是用法语写的,有一些上面有小小的的英语词。
2. 参观了加顶的大型体育场(covered stadium)，那是几支著名篮球队的主场地
5. 蒙特利尔是一个具有法国文化和传统的城市，
3．去了中国城和一个朋友在一个叫做Pink Pearl餐厅吃饭
The CN Tower is one of the highest buildings.
Covered stadium
Chinatown
Canada National Tower: 553.3 meters
misty cloud
open-air stadium
covered stadium
加顶运动场
[checklist]
1.要点是否齐全
2.是否使用了正确的语言结构
3.有无语法或拼写错误
4.是否用上了高级词汇或高级结构
5.有无过渡性词语,使文章更连贯
Sample：
1. In Toronto, the biggest and the wealthiest city in Canada, we went up the tall CN Tower and were impressed with (overlooked俯瞰)the misty cloud that rose from the Niagara Falls.
2. Then we visited the covered stadium, which is the home of several famous basketball teams.
3. At dusk, we went to Chinatown and had dinner with a friend at a restaurant called The Pink Pearl.
4. When we arrived in Montreal the next day, we found that people everywhere spoke French and saw many signs and advertisements in French, some of which had English words in small letters.
5. Generally speaking, Montreal is a charming/romantic city with French culture and traditions.
Homework：
Rewrite your composition and make sure that you use an attributive clause and an appositive in your work.
