(共18张PPT)
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
Section Ⅳ 写作指导
夯基提能作业
写作方法指导
写作方法指导
写作指导
本单元的写作任务是戏剧剧本创作。戏剧剧本属于记叙文。在写作形式上以对话为主，主要包括戏剧人物、人物的语言、舞台说明性文字等。
一、基本结构
1．人物说明——写明主要出场人物。
2．人物对话——写出主要人物的对话。
3．舞台说明——写出一些舞台说明性文字，动作要符合人物的性格特征。
剧本写作
二、增分句式
1．It/The story happened in/at...(地点) on/in...(日期)
2．...(人名) is very kind/cruel/rich/generous/mean, but...
3．...(人名) is very clever/stupid/fat/thin/tall/short...
4．...(人名) is on the way to...
5．...(人名) is on the point of doing sth.when...
6．The play is adapted from...
精品展示
根据下面提示，写一篇戏剧，介绍亨利带着100万英镑的钞票去理发的过程。词数80左右。
亨利正走在大街上，看见了一家理发店，决定去理他的长头发；理发匠用粗鲁的态度接待了他；亨利坐在椅子上等待；理发匠告诉他是否能够担负得起高昂的费用；理发结束后，亨利出示了百万英镑的钞票；理发匠十分吃惊。告诉他随时光临。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【审题谋篇】
第一步 明确要求
1．确定体裁：本文为_________
2．确定人称：以_____________为主
3．确定时态：以______________为主
第二步 确定段落
第一部分：开头介绍主要出场人物；
第二部分：写明人物的主要对话；
第三部分：介绍冲突的解决。
戏剧
第一、二人称
一般现在时
第三步 核心词汇
1．____________________理发
2．__________________以一种粗鲁的态度
3．________确实；实在
4．________支付得起
5．________零钱；找头
第四步 由词扩句
1．亨利正在大街上行走。
Henry _________________ the street.
have one's hair cut
in a rude manner
indeed
afford
change
is walking down
2．他看到一个理发的标志。
He sees a sign for a place ________________.
3．您能看到我头发太长了。
You can see ___________________________.
4．无论什么时候，只要您想来就来。
Please come back ________________.
5．您仅有很少的头发要理！
You only have ___________________
6．为您服务是我的荣耀。
___________________ to serve you.
that cuts hair
that my hair is much too long
whenever you like
too little hair to cut
It will be my honour
第五步 句式升级
1．用be doing...when...连接句1和句2
______________________________________________________________________
2．用as引导的非限制性定语从句升级句3
_________________________________________
3．用even if连接句4和句5
________________________________________________________________________
Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that
As you can see, my hair is much too long.
Please come back whenever you like, even if you only have too little
cuts hair.
hair to cut！
参考范文：
(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair.He decides to have his hair cut.)
H＝Henry B＝Barber
H：Good afternoon, I'd like to have my hair cut, if I may.(The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair.)Er, I'd really like a haircut.As you can see, it's much too long.
B：(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that.Indeed, I can.
H：Fine, well, I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs.The barber turns to look at Henry.)
B：It's quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it
H：Yes.I think so.(After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay.Henry shows the barber the bank note.)
B：Why Mr...(looks shocked)
H：Adams.Henry Adams.I'm sorry, I don't have any change.
B：Please don't worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you like, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!
假定你是校英语话剧俱乐部(School English Drama Club)的负责人李华，现负责英语话剧《百万英镑》面向全校的演员选拔工作。请你根据以下提示信息拟一则通知：
(1)选拔时间：2021年4月20日；
(2)地点：学校礼堂；
(3)具体要求：热爱戏剧表演，具有较好的英语口语表达能力，熟悉马克·吐温的小说《百万英镑》。
注意：(1)词数80左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：礼堂auditorium；标准criteria
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Notice
School English Drama Club is selecting actors and actresses for the drama The Million Pound Bank Note, based on the famous short story by Mark Twain.The selection will take place at the school auditorium on April 20th,2021．
Any student who meets the following criteria will be offered a chance to become an actor or actress.Firstly, he or she should love dramatic performance.Secondly, he or she should have good English speaking skills.What's more, he or she should have read the short story written by Mark Twain and be familiar with the whole story.
夯基提能作业Unit 5 Section Ⅰ
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.She was wearing a black skirt with white _spots_(斑点)．
2．As too much use of _plastic_(塑料的) bags has caused serious white pollution，our government encourages us to use environment-friendly shopping bags.
3．I must _apologise_(道歉) for my delay in answering your letter.
4．The passage states that nowadays a large number of people are not enthusiastic for their work and _ignore_(忽视) the importance of ordinary jobs.
5．It could be _judged_(判断) from her eyes that she was very satisfied with her performance.
6．The first _scene_(场) of the play was almost over when they got to the theatre.
7．When our friend is down，we need _patience_(耐心) to talk with him and cheer him up.
8．As is _indicated_(暗示) in the survey，more and more people choose to travel abroad.
9．They found the body buried _beneath_(在……下面) a pile of leaves.
10．Let's _postpone_(延迟) making a decision until we have more information.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．(2016·全国Ⅱ卷)But it doesn't happen _by_ accident.
2．(2016·浙江卷)I had as much fun _sailing_(sail) the seas as I now do working with students.
3．(2015·全国Ⅰ卷)On the way, we spotted a man _holding_(hold) a piece of paper that said，“Lost my job.Family to Feed.”
4．(2017·浙江卷)The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits (到达) the streets with a cameraman to interview people _on_ the spot.
5．(2019· 江苏卷)However, our fascination with the latest, and our under-valuation of what has already become common，can，and has，led us in all _sorts_(sort) of wrong directions.
6．(2019·江苏卷)With their _patience_(patient) and efforts, they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding and natural reproduction.
7．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)As _a_ matter of fact, these short conversations are a good way for people to say hello and express friendliness.
8．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)It's this strange form _that_ makes race walking such an attractive activity.
9．(2017·浙江11月卷)Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to _sit_(sit) and listen and nod my head and smile，and maybe she'd work it out of her system.
10．(2017·浙江11月卷)We were never actually left behind in a strange city, but we weren't about _to_take_(take) any chances.
Ⅲ.选词填空
sort out，care about，by accident，take part in，to be honest，on the spot，ought to，as a matter of fact
1．If you are caught littering, you will be fined _on_the_spot_.
2．I ran into an old friend in the street _by_accident_.
3．We must _sort_out_ the good apples from the bad ones.
4．_To_be_honest_,_ I have been dreaming of being admitted to a key university.
5．The man pretended to be a doctor, but _as_a_matter_of_fact_,_he knows nothing about medicine at all.
6．It suddenly struck me that we _ought_to_ make a new plan.
7．I don't _care_about_ the price, so long as the car is in good condition.
8．We should _take_part_in_ sports and outdoor activities frequently.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.He was surprised to find his things_sorted_out_by_mom_.
他惊讶地发现他的东西已经被母亲整理好了。
2．I called the police and they came_on_the_scene_in a few minutes.
我打电话给警察，他们几分钟就到现场了。
3．The boy _apologised_to_his_father_for_telling a lie.
男孩因撒谎向爸爸道歉。
4．He _was_riding_in_the_forest_when_a bear appeared and attacked him.
他正在森林里骑行，突然一只熊出现，并袭击了他。
5．It is dangerous to judge _on_the_basis_of_first impressions.
凭借初次印象进行判断是危险的。
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Mark Twain left school when he was twelve.He had little school education.In spite of this, he became the most famous writer of his time.He made millions of dollars by writing.His real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens, but he is better known all over the world as Mark Twain, his pen name.
Mark Twain was born in 1835 and he was not a healthy baby.In fact, he was not expected to live through the first winter.But with his mother's tender care, he managed to survive.As a boy, he caused much trouble for his parents.He used to play jokes on all of his friends and neighbours.He didn't like to go to school, and he constantly ran away from home.He always went in the direction of the nearby Mississippi River.He was nearly drowned nine times.
After his father's death in 1847, Mark Twain began to work for a printer, who only provided him with food and clothing.Then, he worked as a printer, a river-boat pilot and later joined the army.But shortly after that he became a miner.During this period, he started to write short stories.Afterwards he became a full-time writer.
In 1870, Mark Twain got married.In the years that followed he wrote many books including Tom Sawyer in 1876, and Huckleberry Finn in 1884, which made him famous, and brought him a great fortune.
Unfortunately, Mark Twain got into debts in bad investments(投资)and he had to write large numbers of stories to pay these debts.In 1904, his wife died, and then three of their children passed away.
At the age of 70, his hair was completely white.He bought many white suits and neckties.He wore nothing but white from head to foot until his death on April 21, 1910.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了文坛巨匠马克·吐温的生平事迹和所取得的成就。
1．Mark Twain left school at 12 to_D_.
A．work as a miner B．write stories
C．join the army D．make a living
解析：细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知，马克·吐温出生于1835年，由第三段第一句可知，1847年(他12岁那年)父亲去世后为了维持生计，马克·吐温开始为印刷商工作。故选D。
2．Which of the following about Mark Twain is NOT true？_D_
A．He was not a healthy boy.
B．He caused much trouble for his parents.
C．He gained lots of money by writing.
D．He had a happy childhood but a sad later life.
解析：推理判断题。由第二、三段可知，马克·吐温儿时患病，父亲早逝，为了生计做工，由此可见他的童年并不快乐、幸福。故选D。
3．_A_brought him fame and lots of money.
A．His works B．His investments
C．His printing D．His family
解析：细节理解题。由第四段第二句可知，他的作品给他带来声誉和财富。故选A。
4．The best title of this passage is_B_.
A．Mark Twain's Works B．Mark Twain's Life
C．Mark Twain's Fame D．Mark Twain's Success
解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍的是马克·吐温的生平事迹，A、C、D 三项不具有概括主旨性。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Self-confidence，motivation(动机)，support and knowledge are the main factors determining if one succeeds or fails.Each of these factors influences our chances of success in a different way._1.D_
Lack of self-confidence is probably the most dreadful enemy of success._2.G_ Even the most capable person is sure to fail with such an attitude.If it is your case too，improving your self-confidence is a must.
Motivation is equally as important as self-confidence._3.F_ You may even not try to achieve the goal that lies before you.It is important to find out what is the best motivation for you.If you have to do something that does not motivate you，just treat yourself with a reward after you succeed.Of course，this reward should consist of something that will motivate you to pursue(追求) a success.
_4.E_ While it is not a must for succeeding in your goals，a lack of support can often lead to failure.It is also true that some people cannot succeed without a proper support from their surroundings.These people often lose their motivation or worse，their self-confidence.If you know such a person，supporting him or her is a right thing to do.Also surround yourself with the right people.You will see the results soon.
Pursuing realistic goals is also important for a success.You should always make sure that your goals are achievable._5.B_ Unrealistic goals usually lead to a fast failure and also make many people embarrassed.
A．As we know，many people try but do not succeed.
B．Consider all your knowledge and skills when setting up a goal.
C．Motivation is something in yourself that can push you forwards.
D．There are several main reasons why some people cannot succeed.
E．Supportive family and collective workplace are also very important.
F．Without it，you will not push yourself towards a better performance.
G．Thinking you are not good enough to achieve your goals is the same as deciding that you will not succeed.
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了自信、动机、支持和知识是我们取得成功的主要因素。
解析：
1．通读全文可知，文章为总—分结构，第一段为总述，后面四段分别介绍了人们无法取得成功的四个主要原因，故选D。
2．根据本段第一句“Lack of self-confidence is probably the most dreadful enemy of success.”可知，本段讨论了缺乏自信对成功的影响，而G项说的正是自信不足，故可作为过渡句，引出下文内容。故选G。
3．根据本段第一句“Motivation is equally as important as self-confidence.”可知，本段讨论了动机对于成功同样重要。再结合空后的“You may even not try to achieve the goal that lies before you.”可知，F项符合上下文语境。故选F。
4．根据后句中的“...a lack of support can often lead to failure.”可知，缺乏支持也是失败的一个主要原因，再结合本段后面的内容，不难选出本段的中心句E项。故选E。
5．根据空前内容“Pursuing realistic goals is also important for a success.You should always make sure that your goals are achievable.”可知，我们要设立现实的、可实现的目标。也就是说，我们设立目标时要考虑我们自己的现实情况，故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I decided to major in English，I thought it would be fun.However，it turned out to be much _1.harder_(hard) than I thought it would be.The differences in the language over thousands of hundreds of years made many passages hard _2.to_understand_(understand)．Trying to understand Shakespeare and Chaucer gave me a headache _3.and_ reading Byron and Shelley also took lots of effort.However，there were times _4.when_I read passages that gave me wisdom(智慧)．
One of these was by William Wordsworth.It went，“The best portion(部分) of a good man's life：his little，nameless，unremembered acts of kindness and love.”The first time I read it，I was deeply impressed by the wisdom _5.conveyed_(convey) in it.Over the years I began to fill my days _6.with_ acts of kindness and love.
What would happen if everyone followed Wordsworth's wisdom and lived the best part of _7.their_(they) life？What would happen if all of us _8.practiced_(practice) acts of kindness and love all our lives？Would we stop _9.hating_(hate)？Would we put an end to war Would this world _10.be_transformed_(transform) into a beautiful，loving place？Let's all live our lives with acts of kindness and love.
文章大意：这是一篇夹叙夹议文，主题语境是生活。华兹华斯的一句话深深地影响了作者，作者决心将善意和友爱进行到底。
解析：
1．根据空后的than I thought it would be可知，此处用hard的比较级形式。故填harder。
2．某些形容词，如easy，hard，difficult等，后常接不定式主动式表示被动含义。故填to understand。
3．前后两句之间存在意义上的顺接关系，故填连词and。
4．空白处所填词引导定语从句，并在从句中作时间状语。故填when。
5．conveyed in it是过去分词短语作后置定语(分词动作convey与逻辑主语之间是被动关系)。故填conveyed。
6．fill...with...意为“用……把……装满”，是习惯搭配。故填with。
7．空白处所填词在句中修饰名词life，应用其形容词性物主代词形式。故填their。
8．该句使用了虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句用一般过去时。故填practiced。
9．stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，符合语境。故填hating。stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做某事”。
10．主语是谓语动词动作transform的承受者，需用被动语态；情态动词后接动词原形。故填be transformed。(共110张PPT)
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
单元核心素养
提示：加黑部分为高考重点词汇，需积累。画线部分为高考写作常用佳句，需背诵。
Attitudes Towards Money
In modern society，a large number of people think that money plays an important role in our life.But money does not mean everything.Say, if you regret doing something，there is no pill called regret in the world which you can buy.Different people have different attitudes towards money.
单元话题导读
Some people think that money is the root of all evil(罪恶)．Thieves steal for wealth，and even the war between two countries is also for wealth.People who want to get more money have to work hard.No matter how much we have，our desire for more money for the future can never be satisfied.Some evil people even turn to an evil way in order to get it.When they get it，they are worried that they will lose it some day or that people will steal it from them.Money keeps them up at night.
Others think money is a really good thing.Actually，money can buy many things.If you are a person who is very wealthy, you can own your own cars, houses and even other luxuries(奢侈品)，which make you live a comfortable and easy life.And you can do some things that you want，such as travel，adventure，try on new things and so on.You can help those in need with your money, which will offer you much pleasure.In a word, having money can make you happy.However, money isn't everything.There are a lot of things more important than money in our life.
佳句
1．Say，if you regret doing something，there is no pill called regret in the world which you can buy.
分析：画线部分为过去分词短语作后置定语。
链接：I'd like to work for the exhibition held by the local art gallery.
(2019·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
2．No matter how much we have，our desire for more money for the future can never be satisfied.
分析：画线部分为让步状语从句。
链接：No matter how hard it is，I will try my best to do the work well.
(2019·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
3．You can help those in need with your money，which will offer you much pleasure.
分析：画线部分为which引导的非限制性定语从句。
链接：Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school.
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，写作)
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking，
Reading and Thinking
课内要点探究
随堂达标验收
夯基提能作业
课前自主预习
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．_______ n.基础；根据；基点→______ n.基础→_______ adj.基础的
2．______ n.贷款；借款
3．_________ n.塑料 adj.塑料制的；塑料的
4．___________ vi.道歉；谢罪→_________ n.道歉，致歉
5．________ vt.忽视；对……不予理会→___________ n.无知；愚昧→__________ adj.愚昧的，无知的
basis
base
basic
loan
plastic
apologise
apology
ignore
ignorance
ignorant
6．_______ vt.& vi.评价；评判；判断 n.法官；审判员；裁判员→___________ n.看法；判决；判断
7．_______ n.(戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面→_________ n.风景，景色(总称)
8．__________ n.(书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者；讲述者；(电视节目中的)幕后解说员
9．___________ n.叙述；讲述；解说
10．_____ n.打赌；赌注 vi.& vt.下赌注；用……打赌vt.敢说
11．_________ n.仆人；佣人
judge
judgement
scene
scenery
narrator
narration
bet
servant
12．______ vi.& vt.(船)航行；(人)乘船航行→________ n. 船员；水手
13．______ vt.看见；注意到；发现 n.地点；处所；斑点；污迹
14．______ vi.& modal v.胆敢；敢于
15．______ n.种类；类别
16．__________ n.耐心；忍耐力；毅力→_________ adj.耐心的 n.病人→___________ adv.耐心地
sail
sailor
spot
dare
sort
patience
patient
patiently
17．__________ vt.& vi.表明；显示 vt.象征；暗示→____________ n.象征；迹象
18．_________ adv.& prep.在(或往)……下面；在……的表面之下
19．__________ vt.延迟；延期；延缓
20．_____ adj.奇怪的；怪异的；反常的
indicate
indication
beneath
postpone
odd
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．____ the basis of在……的基础上；根据……
2．take _____ a loan取得贷款
3．____ return作为回报；作为回应
4．make ___ bet打个赌
5．as ___ matter of fact事实上；其实；说真的
6．____ accident偶然地；意外地
7．_______ honest说实话；坦率地说
on
out
in
a
a
by
to be
8．ought ____应该；应当
9．be about to ____ sth.即将或正要(做某事)
10．care _______关心；在乎；在意
11．show sb._____领某人出去
12．not..._______...直到……才……
to
do
about
out
until
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．What would you do ____ you were in her situation
如果你处在她的处境你会怎么做？
2．About a month ago，I was sailing，and towards night I found myself _____________ to sea by a strong wind.
大约一个月前，我正在航行，天快黑的时候，我发现我被一阵强风刮到了海里。
3．And it was the ship ______ brought you to England.
正是那艘船把你带到了英国。
if
carried out
that
Ⅳ.课文预读
1．Why did the two brothers make a bet？___
A．They wanted to make fun of Henry.
B．They wanted to rob Henry of some money.
C．To see whether a man could survive with a million-pound bank note a month in London.
D．They wanted to make Henry their son-in-law.
C
2．What did Henry come to London for ___
A．He wanted to run a small company here.
B．He wanted to make friends with the two brothers.
C．He wanted to seek for a good job.
D．He came here by accident without any plan.
D
3．What did Mr. Adams ask for from the two brothers？___
A．A house to stay for a short time.
B．A letter with a bank note worth a million pound in it.
C．A job.
D．Some delicious food.
4．How did Henry feel when he got a letter from the brothers ___
A．Surprised. B．Angry.
C．Disappointed. D．Worried.
C
A
5．What's Henry's promise ___
A．He wouldn't come back to the two brothers until 2 o'clock.
B．He wouldn't use the money in the letter after 2 o'clock.
C．He would give the money back to the two brothers before 2 o'clock.
D．He wouldn't open the letter until 2 o'clock.
D
课内要点探究
The book was written on the basis of careful observations and detailed studies.
这本书是在仔细观察与细致研究的基础上撰写的。
We're going to meet there on a regular basis.
我们将定期在那里会面。
She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications.
她因资历适合而获选担任这项工作。
重 点 单 词
1.basis n. 基础；根据；基点
(1)on the basis of在某事的基础上；根据某事
on a regular basis定期地，经常地
on a daily basis每天
(2)base n.基部，基础，基地；总部 vt.以……为基础；基地设在……
base...on/upon...使……以……为基础
be based on/upon...以……为基础
air base空军基地
(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的；最初级的
basically adv.基本上；大体上；从根本上说
单句语法填空
①____ the basis of those facts, we can reach the following conclusion.
②The book is based ____ a true story.
③There have been some problems but ___________(base) it's a good system.
On
on
basically
单句写作
④The decision was made _________________(根据) the information we had.
⑤We're going to meet there __________________(每天)．
⑥Be physically active ____________________(定期地), which will also help you maintain a healthy body.
一句多译
根据这些事实，我们可以得出以下结论。
⑦__________________________we can reach these conclusions.(basis)
⑧_________________________we can reach these conclusions.(base)
on the basis of
on a daily basis
on a regular basis
On the basis of the facts
Based on/upon the facts
I think you should apologise to your brother.
我觉得你应该给你弟弟赔个不是。
I must apologize for the delay in replying to your letter.
未能及时给你回信，我得向你道歉。
I apologised to her for stepping on her foot carelessly.
我因不小心踩了她的脚而向她道歉。
2．apologise vi.道歉；谢罪
(1)apologise to sb.向某人道歉
apologise for doing sth.为做了某事道歉
apologise to sb.for doing sth.为做了某事向某人道歉
(2)apology n. [C]道歉；赔罪
make an apology to sb.for sth./offer sb. an apoloy for sth./offer an apology to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉
accept/refuse one's apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉
owe sb.an apology应向某人道歉
单句语法填空
①Sorry, ladies and gentlemen! We___________(apology) for the late departure of this flight.
②The captain made an apology ____the passengers _____the delay caused by the foggy weather.
③She demanded ____apology from the clerk.
apologise
to
for
an
完成句子
④When we met again, he_____________________________________ __________________________________________________ (因……向我道歉) not having kept his word and asked me to forgive him.
apologised to me for/made an apology to me
for/offered me an apology for/ offered an apology to me for
I was walking near to wave, but he stood there, ignoring me.
我走近去和他招手，但他站在那里不理我。
You should not ignore your mistakes if you want to make greater progress.
你如果想取得更大的进步，就不应该忽视你的错误。
3．ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会
(1)ignore sb./sth.不理睬某人/不知道某事物
(2)ignorant adj.无知的；不知道的
be ignorant of/about sth.不知道某事
be ignorant that...不知……
(3)ignorance n.无知；愚昧
be in ignorance of/about sth.不知道某事；对某事无知
The workers were kept in complete ignorance of the company's financial situation.
公司对工人隐瞒财务状况，他们对财务的事情一无所知。
I'm afraid I'm rather ignorant about computers.
我恐怕对电脑一无所知。
单句语法填空
①I smiled at her but she just_________(ignore) me.
②Excuse my ___________(ignore), but how does this machine work
③He's __________(ignore) of the dangers of too much sun.
④They are ignorant _________what happened.
完成句子
⑤We can't afford________________________(不考虑他们的劝告)．
ignored
ignorance
ignorant
about/of
to ignore their advice
Never judge a person by their looks.
＝Don't judge a book by its cover.
不要以貌取人。
Judging from his accent，he must come from the south.
从他的口音判断，他一定是南方人。
As far as I can judge, this book is of use to students.
据我判断，这本书对学生有用。
4．judge vt.& vi评价：评判；判断 n.法官；审判员；裁判员
The judge refused to give him another opportunity.
审判官拒绝再给他一次机会。
Mr.Taylor is a good judge of the fine arts.
泰勒先生是美术鉴赏行家。
judge...from/by...根据……判断……
judging by/from...根据……判断
as far as sb.can judge 据某人判断
a good judge of...善于判断……；是……行家
judgement n.看法；判断力；判决
in one's judgement在某人看来
reserve one's judgement (on sth.)保留某人(对某事)的看法
judging by/from...作状语时，是独立成分，不受主语的影响和限制。有类似用法的还有：
generally/exactly/frankly/honestly speaking
一般地/确切地/坦率地/诚实地说
considering (that)．..考虑到……；鉴于……
providing/provided(that)．..假如……；倘若……
单句语法填空
①Many of the scientists and engineers ____________(judge) in terms of how great their achievements are.
②_________(judge) from the number of cars, he thought there were not many people at the club yet.
③People are likely to judge others________their own first impressions.
④I'd prefer to reserve my ___________(judge)until I find all the evidence.
are judged
Judging
from/by
judgement
⑤Facing these strict ________(judge), the interviewee felt very nervous.
⑥____her judgement, it was a wrong thing to give children so much pocket money.
judges
In
完成句子
⑦We shouldn’t_________________________(根据穿着判断一个人)．
⑧____________________________(从你所说的话判断)，I'm afraid you are wrong.
⑨He____________________(是……的行家) wine.
⑩I will______________________(保留我的判断)until I have checked up again on the records.
_________________________(考虑到质量)，the souvenir is worth the price.
judge a person by his clothes
Judging from what you said
is a good judge of
reserve my judgement
Considering the quality
Neighbours spotted smoke coming out of the house.
邻居们发现有烟从这所房子里冒出来。
I spotted the differences between the two pictures.
我看了这两幅画的不同之处。
There was a big damp spot on the wall.
墙上有一大块水渍。
We ought to find out the views of the people on the spot.
我们应当了解一下在现场的那些人的看法。
5．spot vt.看见；注意到；发现 n.地点；处所；斑点；污迹
(1)spot sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事
(2)on the spot在现场；当场；立即
(3)spotted adj.有花点的；有斑点的
be spotted with...满是……斑点；点缀着……
spot用作先行词时，其后的定语从句通常用where引导。
写出下列句中spot的含义
①Some of the spots on your trousers are hard to remove. ___________
②I read through the first page of the book and spotted a spelling mistake. _______
③Fortunately，a man made an offer to take him around the different spots. ____________
斑点；污点
发现
地点；场所
单句语法填空
④The police spotted him _________(drive) a stolen car.
⑤He decided to provide the homeless with food for free ____ the spot.
⑥She wears a black skirt with some white _______(spot)．
⑦She said she _________(spot) my wallet on a bus seat.
她说她在一个公共汽车座位上发现了我的钱包。
driving
on
spots
spotted
单句写作
⑧I ____________________(发现她隐藏) the receipt in her handbag.
⑨The night sky _________________(点缀着) twinkling stars.
⑩He answered the question _____________.
他当场回答了这个问题。
The grass of the forest _________________ yellow flowers.
森林里的草地上点缀着黄色的小花。
spotted her hiding
is spotted with
on the spot
is spotted with
句式升级
He was dressed in a coat, and it was spotted with stars.
→He was dressed in a coat, ______________________________.(非限制性定语从句)
→He was dressed in ___________________________.(分词作定语)
which was spotted with stars
a coat spotted with stars
They let us use their computers，and in return we give them the results of our research.
他们让我们使用他们的电脑，作为回报，我们给他们提供我们的研究成果。
The little girl gave me a big hug in return for my help.
这个小女孩给了我一个大大的拥抱以回报我的帮助。
重 点 短 语
1．in return作为回报；作为回应
(1)in return for...作为对……的回报
on one's return某人一回来
(2)return sth.to sb.＝return sb.sth.归还某人某物
return to回到
return to normal恢复正常
常见“in＋n.”短语
in case以防万一
in advance事先；提前
in danger处于危险中
in order井井有条
in place在正确位置
in reality/fact事实上
in turn，in return
in turn 按顺序；转而；反过来
in return 作为回报
选词填空(in return/in turn)
①People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this _________ creates further problems.
②While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything ___________.
in turn
in return
完成句子
③The little girl gave him a bright smile _______________ his help.
小女孩给了他一个灿烂的微笑以回报他的帮助。
④He is willing to help those in trouble.____________people respect him, saying he is a warm-hearted man.
他愿意帮助那些有困难的人。作为回报，人们都尊敬他，称他是一个热心人。
in return for
In return
⑤(2017·天津卷单选)We offer an excellent education to our students. ___________，we expect students to work hard.
我们给我们的学生提供高水平的教育。作为回报，我们希望学生能够努力学习。
⑥He asked each of them _________ three questions.
他挨个问他们每人三个问题。
In return
in turn
To be honest，I don't think we have a chance of winning.
说实话，我认为我们没有获胜的可能。
To be honest，I have no time to do it.
老实说，我没有时间做这件事情。
2．to be honest说实话；坦率地说
(1)honestly speaking老实说
to tell you the truth说实话，老实说
(2)英语中表示“……说”的短语：
generally speaking一般来说
to be exact＝exactly speaking确切地说
to be frank＝frankly speaking坦率地说
in general一般来说
in other words换句话说
or rather更确切地说
to sum up概括地说
that is 也就是说
to be honest为不定式作独立成分，在句中作插入语。常见的还有to be exact 确切地说；to tell you the truth 老实告诉你；to begin/start with 首先等。
单句语法填空
①____ be honest, I don't know if he broke the window on purpose.
②__________(honest) speaking, that's all the money I have.
③(2019·北京卷阅读)_________(honest)is the best policy.
诚实最明智。
To
Honestly
Honesty
完成句子
④______________，voters sometimes feel annoyed, not because they hate voting, but because they are divided between emotion and fairness.
说实话，选民有时会感到恼火，不是因为他们讨厌投票，而是因为他们在情感和公平之间存在分歧。
To be honest
I was about to go out when my mum called me.
我正要外出时，妈妈叫住了我。
There is about to be a huge party in our school.
在我们学校将有一场大型联欢会。
3．be about to do sth.即将或正要(做某事)
be about to do...when...正要做……这时……
had just done...when...刚做完某事，这时……
be doing...when...正在做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时……
I was about to go out when an unexpected visitor came.
我正要出门，一位不速之客来访了。
I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.
我刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。
He was reading newspapers when he heard his name called.
他正在读报，这时听到有人叫他的名字。
The thief was on the point of putting his hand into the lady's handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.
小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。
be about to do，be going to do
be about to do 表示“正要，即将做某事”，时间性比较紧迫，常与when连用，但句中不能再加at once, immediately及表示具体时间的状语
be going to do ①表示某人按计划安排将要做某事
②表示说话人根据迹象主动推测可能要发生的事，主语一般为物
在上面的句式中，when用作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”。
单句语法填空
①He ______________(sleep) when there was a knock at the door.
②I was about to go out ______ someone knocked at the door.
③We had just begun to work ______ the machine broke down.
完成句子
④(2019·北京卷阅读改编)Why _____ Robocalls __________ get more dangerous
为什么骚扰电话会变得更危险？
was sleeping
when
when
are
about to
⑤I _____________ make up an amazing story about adventures ______ our teacher showed up.
我正打算编一个有关冒险的令人惊奇的故事，这时我们的老师出现了。
⑥I _________________ a pile of books ______ my mother rang me up.
我正在整理一堆书，这时我妈妈打来了电话。
⑦I was ___________________________ the search ______ something caught my eye in the bushes.
我正要放弃搜索，这时注意到灌木丛中有什么东西。
was about to
when
was sorting out
when
on the point of giving up
when
(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是What would you do；从句是if you were in her situation。
此处if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反的假设。从句的谓语形式为were，而主句的谓语形式是“would＋动词原形”。
重 点 句 型
1．What would you do if you were in her situation
如果你处在她的处境你会怎么做？
(2)虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法
不同虚拟条件下，虚拟条件句的主、从句谓语形式一览表：
从句谓语的形式 主句谓语的形式
与过去事 实相反 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/might have＋过去分词
与现在事 实相反 过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
与将来情 况相反 A.过去式(be动词一般用were) B．were to＋动词原形 C．should＋动词原形 would/could/should/might＋动词原形
He wouldn't feel so cold if he stayed indoors.
他要是待在室内就不会觉得这么冷了。(与现在事实相反)
If we hadn't made adequate preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.
如果我们没有做充分的准备，这次会议是不会开得这么成功的。(与过去事实相反)
—Is Anne coming tomorrow
——安妮明天会来吗？
—If she were to come, she would call me.
——她如果要来的话，就会打电话给我的。(与将来情况相反)
单句语法填空
①If he had not been addicted to the cell phone when walking, he wouldn't _____________(get) hit by a car.
②(2021·江苏七市调研)—Ted has never been so rude!
—You wouldn't have been so angry if he __________(make) an apology for it, but I guess he didn't mean that.
③If I had the chance, I _____________________________(start) a business that would benefit my classmates at my university.
have gotten
had made
would/could/should/might start
④If I __________________________(see) her next Monday, I would tell her about it.
⑤Sorry, I am very busy now.If I _____(have) time, I would certainly go to the movies with you.
⑥If we ___________(take) another road, we wouldn't have been stuck in the traffic jam for so long.
⑦If I ______(be) you, I would pay more attention to English idioms and phrases.
should see/saw/were to see
had
had taken
were
see＋宾语＋宾补
该结构主要有以下几种形式：
2．They see a poor young man walking outside their house.
他们看到一个穷困潦倒的年轻人从户外走过。
完成句子
①(2019·江苏卷阅读)In 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to __________________from a small part of his land.
1943年，一位墨西哥农民惊讶地发现自己的一小块土地上冒出了烟。
②Mr.and Mrs. Brown would like to ___________________________，get married，and have kids.
布朗夫妇希望看到女儿安顿下来，结婚成家，生儿育女。
see smoke rising
see their daughter settle down
③Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to ______________________good care of at home.
在非洲医疗服务两年后回来，李医生很高兴看到他的母亲在家里得到了很好的照顾。
④The astronaut was seen _________out of the capsule.
人们看到宇航员走出太空舱。
see his mother taken
to step
(1)句式分析：这是一个并列句，由并列连词and连接。I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.属于“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
3．About a month ago，I was sailing，and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
大约一个月前，我正在航行，天快黑的时候，我发现我被一阵强风刮到了海里。
(2)find 复合结构的常见形式：
①find＋名词/代词＋(to be＋)形容词/副词/名词。意为“发现某人/某物……”，to be 常可省略掉。
I find this job (to be) very exciting.
我发现这份工作令人兴奋。
She found Jack (to be) an honest man.
她发现杰克是个诚实的人。
②find＋名词/代词＋介宾短语。
He found a stranger in the room.
他发现房间里有个陌生人。
③find＋名词/代词＋现在分词。意为“发现某人/某物一直……”，可表示主动和进行。
She found a wallet lying on the ground.
她发现地上有一个钱包。
④find＋名词/代词＋过去分词。意为“发现某人/某物被……”，可表示被动和完成。
He found his dog hidden in the bush.
他发现他的狗藏在灌木丛中。
⑤find it＋形容词＋to do。it 是形式宾语，代替真正的宾语 to do。
We find it hard to learn English grammar.
我们发现学英语语法很难。
(1)“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，当宾语是不定式短语、动词-ing形式或从句时，常用it作形式宾语，将真正的宾语置于宾语补足语之后。
I find it easy that we climb up to the top of the mountain.
我发现我们爬上山顶很容易。
(2)若“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构变为被动形式，则原来的宾语变成主语，宾补变成主补。
单句语法填空
①The little boy was very pleased to find the bottle ________(fill) with water.
②It's quite common to find her _________(read) the newspaper.
③I find the life in the countryside __________(peace)．
④She woke up and found herself ____ a hospital.
⑤The two girls are so alike that strangers find ____ difficult to tell one from the other.
⑥He was found __________(cheat) in the final examination.
filled
reading
peaceful
in
it
cheating
完成句子
⑦(2019·天津卷阅读)Yet，now that I'm growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I ___________________ (need)a way to escape.
然而，随着我的成长，曾经简单的世界变得越来越复杂，我发现自己需要一种方式去逃避。
⑧(2019·天津卷阅读)I often ______________________(tell) my mom to drive more slowly，so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
我经常告诉我妈妈开慢点，这样我就能看清我们经过的所有路标。
find myself needing
found myself telling
⑨(2018·全国Ⅱ卷阅读)But the next time you _____________________ _________，consider that small talk is worth the trouble.
但下次你发现自己身处于陌生人之中时，考虑一下，闲聊是值得费力去做的。
⑩My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and ________________________ in our enjoyment of television.
我和妻子在过去的两年中几乎每天都在使用“电视耳机”，觉得“电视耳机”在我们的电视娱乐中是一个极大的帮助。
find yourself among
strangers
find them a great help
(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句，使用了强调句型，“It is/was...that...”，强调了主语the ship。
(2)强调句型的基本用法说明：
①基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他
②被强调部分：主语、宾语和大部分状语
4．And it was the ship that brought you to England.
正是那艘船把你带到了英国。
③it 和 that/who: it 没有词义；强调任何成分都可用
that, 强调人时还可用who
It is I that/who am wrong.
是我错了。(强调主语I)
It was here that I lost my watch.
我是在这儿丢的手表。(强调地点状语here)
It was yesterday that we attended a concert.
我们是昨天参加的音乐会。(强调时间状语yesterday)
强调句型的特殊形式有：
①一般疑问式：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？
Was it Jim that/who bought the book
买书的是吉姆吗？
②特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋is/was it that＋其他？
What is it that he wants to see
他究竟想看到什么？
③not...until 强调式：It is/was not until...＋that＋其他。
It was not until yesterday that I knew it.
直到昨天我才知道此事。
①若被强调部分是主语，that/who 后的谓语应在人称和数上与原句的主语一致。
It is I who am to blame for the accident.
这起事故该由我负责。
It is you who are likely to win the contest.
有可能赢得这场比赛的是你。
②强调句型的判断：将句子中的It is/was 和 that/who 去掉，如果剩下的成分仍然能组成一个完整的句子，那么原来的句子就是强调句型，否则就不是。
It is when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize how much you value him.
是当你几乎失去某人时你才完全意识到你多么重视他。
将It is 和 that 去掉后，得到的句子“When you nearly lose someone you fully realize how much you value him.”在结构和意义上是完整的，说明原句是强调句型。
单句语法填空
①It was with the help of the local guide ______ the mountain climber was rescued.
②____ was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.
③It must be Peter _________ has let this secret out.
④____ was because I was stuck in the traffic jam that I came late.
⑤It might be last night ______ they did their homework.
that
It
who/that
It
that
单句写作
⑥It was _______________________(直到他完成) his work that he went home.
⑦________ in the company _______ I worked two years ago ______ I met Mr. Smith.
是在我两年前工作的公司里，我遇见了史密斯先生。
not until he finished
It was
where
that
随堂达标验收
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I will be not only a ________(仆人)but also a carrier for our splendid culture.
2．It clearly ___________(表明) how good it is to read a book.
3．He didn't ___________(道歉)but said rudely “It's none of your business.”
4．Those who get up late are more likely to __________(推迟) their bedtime.
5．Such harmful things as __________(塑料) and used batteries should not be mixed with other wastes.
servant
indicates
apologize
postpone
plastics
6．Then, a couple of weeks later, an _____(奇异的)thing happened.
7．It can run on the street, ______(航行) in the water and fly in the sky.
8．I didn't want to make trouble, so I decided to pretend to ________(忽视) it.
9．You should cover your mouths and noses with wet towels and stay low _________(在……之下)the smoke.
10．The old man gave us a vivid ___________(叙述) of the story.
odd
sail
ignore
beneath
narration
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The issue of countryside development has been raised on the basis ____ this.
2．Li Gang was required to apologise ____ the people present at the meeting for what he had done.
3．I wanted to have a word with her，but she _________(ignore) me and went away.
4．_________(judge) from the way he laughed as he told it，it was meant to be humorous.
of
to
ignored
Judging
5．Our reporter was the first person ____ the scene.
6．When the man was trying to break into the bank，he was caught by the police ____ the spot.
7．In some cases，what you should do is listen ___________(patient) when someone is speaking，even if you have anything important to say.
8．He is always helping others without expecting anything ____ return.
9．It was in this small town that I met him ____ chance.
10．To ____ honest，the lifestyle of the old is different from that of the young.
on
on
patiently
in
by
be
Ⅲ.选词填空
by accident，as a matter of fact，on the basis of，ought to，take out a loan，to be honest，make a bet，in return
1．Your statement should be made_________________fact.
2．If I_________________，it could take me years to pay it back.
3．He sent me a gift；I should give him something___________.
4．We ____________on the outcome of the next election.
5．It's not that difficult._____________________，it's quite easy.
on the basis of
take out a loan
in return
made a bet
As a matter of fact
6．She arrived just as we were leaving, but whether this was _________ or by design，I'm not sure.
7．______________，I have to improve my English，because my English is not good enough.
8．If he started out at nine，he __________be here by now.
by accident
To be honest
ought to
Ⅳ.补全句子
1．__________________________ this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.(not until的强调句型)
直到我来到这里，我才意识到这个地方不仅因为它的美丽而且因为它的天气而出名。
2．_______________________they finish the work in such a short time.
他发现他们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。
It is not until I come here that
He finds it impossible that
3．He ____________________ the telephone rang.
他刚睡着电话就响了。 (had done...when...)
4．They've done __________________________(what引导的宾语从句)
他们已经做了他们能做到的去帮助她。
5．I ____________________while we were having dinner.(hear复合结构)
我们吃晚饭的时候，听到了有人进来了。
had fallen sleep when
what they could do to help her
heard someone come
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Roderick and Oliver, rich 1._____(man) living in London, made a bet on 2.________ a million-pound bank note could help a man live a month in London.Just then a poor man, Henry, came into their sight. Henry, an American, was carried to Britain 3.____ accident.One day, when 4.________ (sail), Henry was taken far into the sea by a strong wind.
men
whether
by
sailing
5.___________(fortunate), he was saved by a British ship and thus he landed in Britain, where he was 6.________(job) and poor.At that time Roderick and Oliver noticed him and decided 7.________(give) him a million-pound bank note.
When first hearing they call him a lucky man, Henry was angry because he thought he 8.__________(make) fun of by the two rich men.He insisted he be offered a job to make money by 9.________(he) rather than get money from others.After Roderick made more explanation, Henry with doubt received a letter with 10.____ big note from Oliver.Henry was required not to open the letter until two o'clock.Such a bet began.
Fortunately
jobless
to give
was made
himself
a
解析：
1．考查名词的数。“rich _1_(man) living in London”为“Roderick and Oliver”的同位语，根据语境可知，此处表示复数概念，故填men。
2．考查连接词。空处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，且位于介词后，故用whether。
3．考查固定搭配。by accident意为“偶然地”，是固定搭配。故填by。
4．考查非谓语动词。此处为“when＋现在分词”形式的状语从句的省略，sail与其逻辑主语Henry为主谓关系，故用现在分词。故填sailing。
5．考查副词。空处修饰整个句子，作状语，故用副词形式Fortunately。
6．考查形容词。空处与poor同作表语，故应用形容词；且根据语境可知，此处表示“失业的”，故填jobless。
7．考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.为固定搭配，故填to give。
8．考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语he和make fun of为动宾关系，且根据全文的主要时态可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填was made。
9．考查代词。by oneself意为“独立地；独自”，为常见用法，且与后面的“get money from others”作对比。故填himself。
10．考查冠词。空后的note在此为可数名词，意为“钞票”；此处表示“泛指”，且note的发音以辅音音素开始，故空处应填不定冠词a。
Ⅵ.结合课文主题，运用本单元词汇与句型写一篇50词左右的短文
1．一个不容忽视的(ignore)事实是，金钱一直是一些人所渴望的。
2．有些人缺乏努力和耐心(patience)，总是想偶然(by accident)一夜暴富。
3．事实上(as a matter of fact)，赚钱应该建立在诚实劳动的基础上(on the basis of)。
4．老实说(to be honest)，金钱并不一定意味着幸福。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
参考范文：
A fact that cannot be ignored is that money has always been what some people long for.Some people lack effort and patience and always want to get rich overnight by accident.As a matter of fact, making a fortune ought to be on the basis of honest labor.To be honest, money doesn't necessarily mean happiness.
夯基提能作业(共51张PPT)
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
夯基提能作业
单元语法精析
单元语法精析
语法点拨
一、情态动词
(一)can/could
1．表示能力，can表示现在的能力，could主要指过去的能力。
You can tell the significance of climate change to us.
你可以告诉我们气候变化的重要意义。
I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it.
我本来希望送给彼得一件礼物祝贺他结婚，但没有做到。
情态动词和过去将来时
can表示能力的时候，还可以用be able to代替，表示后来通过努力终于做成了某事。
He was a good swimmer so he was able to swim to the riverbank when the boat sank.
他是一个很擅长游泳的人，所以当船下沉时，他能够游到河岸上。
2．表示请求或许可。
当请求允许做某事时，两者均可用，但用could语气更委婉。当表示允许某人做某事时，一般要用can，而不用could。
—Can/Could I use your bike tomorrow morning
—Yes, you can./No，I'm afraid not.
——我明天早晨能用你的自行车吗？
——是的，可以。/不，恐怕不行。
You can go with them if you like.
如果你愿意的话，可以和他们一起去。
3．表示推测。
can表推测时一般用于否定句和疑问句中(could一般无此限制)。表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定时，常用“can/could＋have＋过去分词”的否定或疑问形式。
It can't/couldn't be true.
那不可能是真的。
Can/Could he have heard the news
他听说过这个消息了吗？
4．表示客观的、一时的情况，意思是“有时候会”。
The weather in Shanghai can/could be very cold in winter.
上海冬季可能很冷。
5．表示惊异、怀疑，不相信的态度(主要用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。
How can you be so careless!
你怎么那么粗心呀！
选词填空(can/could/be able to)
①My grandma is well over eighty, but she _____ read without glasses.
②Being a wise person, he finally _____________ find the place.
③The cheater said that he _______ turn stone into gold.
can
was able to
could
(二)may/might
1．表示请求或允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。对may的一般疑问句的肯定回答可用may或can，但作否定回答时要用mustn't或can't。
You may come if you wish.
如果你想来，你就来。
May(Might) I ask for a photo of your baby
我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？
—May I smoke here
—No，you mustn't.You'd better not.
——我可以在这里吸烟吗？
——不，不可以。你最好不要吸烟。
2．表示可能。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气不肯定。
The crowds might damage the beauty of the place.
人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。
She may not know about it.
她可能不知道这件事。
3．用于表祝愿的句子中。
May both the bride and groom have happy lives.
祝新娘新郎幸福绵长。
①—Are you going to her party
—I'm not sure.I _______ stay home and help my brother with his homework.
②_____ you have a happy weekend.
might
May
(三)must/have to
1．must表示必须，没有时态变化。强调的是一种主观看法，也表示责任或义务。have to表示“必须，不得不”，是由于某种外界(客观)原因而“必须，不得不”做某事。mustn't表示禁止做某事；have to的否定形式表示“不必”。have to可用于多种时态中。
I work not because I have to, but because I want to.
我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。(客观上需要做这件事)
You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
在设定目标时，你必须牢记这些要点。(主观上要做这件事)
回答must引出的问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能用mustn't，而要用needn't或don't have to。
—Must we hand in our exercise books now
—Yes, you must.(No, you needn't./No，you don't have to.)
——我们现在就必须要交练习本吗？
——是的，必须。(不，不必)。
2．must表示猜测。意为“想必，准是，一定”，只用于肯定句。
The book must be the one you want.
这本书一定是你要的那本。
She's wearing a diamond necklace.She must have a lot of money.
她戴着钻石项链，她一定很有钱。
3．must还可表示“偏要”。表示说话人不耐烦、不满的情绪。
Why must it rain on Sunday
为什么偏要在星期天下雨？
用适当的情态动词填空
①My sister is ill; my mother ________ look after her.
②There's a lot of noise from next door.They ______ be having a party.
③—Must I return all the books in three days
—Yes, you ______.(No, you ____________________.)
④If you ______ go, at least wait until the storm is over.
has to
must
must
needn't/don't have to
must
(四)shall
1．表示征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。
Shall I get you some more tea
再来点茶好吗？
Shall the boy wait outside
让那男孩在外面等吗？
2．表示说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、第三人称陈述句。
You shall come on time.
你必须准时到。(命令)
He shall have the book when I finish reading it.
我读完这本书就给他。(允诺)
Nothing shall stop us from carrying out this plan.
没有什么事情能阻止我们实施这项计划。(决心)
No reader shall remove a book from the library without permission.
未经许可，读者不准把书带出图书馆。(警告)
3．表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，意为“必须；应该”。
One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school.
我们规定中的其中一项是：每位学生在校期间都要穿校服。
Each part shall respect the articles of this contract.
任何一方都要尊重合同的条款。
写出下列句中shall的含义
①You shall fail if you don't work harder. __________
②You shall get an answer from me tomorrow. __________
③You shall be punished for what you've done. __________
④Shall I watch TV for a while？ __________
警告
允诺
威胁
征求意见
(五)should
1．表示义务、责任，意为“应该”，用于各种人称。
(2019·北京高考)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend.
在考虑上哪所大学之前，学生应该对大学有一个正确的态度。
You should be polite to your teachers.
你对老师应该有礼貌。
2．表示可能性很大的猜测，说明说话人对客观事物的真实性作出较大可能的判断，意为“想必一定，照说应该；估计”等。
The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors.
这部电影是一流演员主演的，估计拍得很好。
3．表示说话人的惊讶、愤怒、失望等特殊情感，意为“居然，竟然”。
Amazing! You should wear slippers at work.
真令人惊讶，你竟然穿着拖鞋上班！
单句语法填空
①Such a clever boy ________ fail the exam.
②We ________ obey the school rules and work hard.
③It's already 10.She promised to come by 10.She ________ be here at any moment.
should
should
should
(六)will/would
1．表示意志或意愿。will指现在，would指过去，用于否定句表示“不肯，不乐意”。
I will never do that again.
我决不会再做那种事了。
2．表示征求意见或提出请求。主要用于第二人称疑问句中，will和would均可用，would此时不表示过去，而是表示委婉语气。
Will/Would you pass me the book
请你把书递给我好吗？
3．will和would可分别表示现在和过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向，意为“总是；常常”。
Fish will die without water.
没有水，鱼会死去。
He would sit there for hours sometimes doing nothing at all.
有时他在那里一坐几个小时，什么也不做。
(2019·江苏高考)I would be happy to wear traditional Chinese clothes at the welcome ceremony.
我很乐意在欢迎仪式上穿中国传统服装。
单句语法填空
①He _______ go to the river nearby to fish on weekends when he was young.
②—Sorry, I forgot to tell John about your party.
—Doesn't matter.I ______ call him in a while.
③_______ you open the window, please I feel it is a little stuffy here.
would
will
Would
(七)need
1．用作情态动词，need意为“需要，有必要”，一般用于否定句或疑问句中。疑问句中把need提前，否定形式是在need后加not。
You needn't come here this afternoon.
你今天下午不必来。
2．用作实义动词，意为“需要，有必要”，可以用于各种句式中。
You don't need to go now.
你不必现在就走。
I need to have a rest.
我需要休息一下。
Do we need to finish all the work today
我们今天需要完成所有的工作吗？
单句语法填空
①—Must I stay here
—No, you ________.
②You ______ not be told twice about one single thing.
needn't
need
(八)dare
1．dare作情态动词时，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，过去形式为dared。
How dare you say I'm unfair
你怎么敢说我不公平？
He daren't speak English before such a crowd, dare he
他不敢在这么多人面前说英语，是吗？
If we dared not go there that day, we couldn't get the beautiful flowers.
如果那天我们不敢去那里，我们就得不到美丽的花。
2．dare作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。
I dare to swim across this river.
我敢游过这条河。
He doesn't dare (to) answer.
他不敢回答。
单句语法填空
①How ______ you fight against him
②Now one ______ say he had nothing on.
dare
dare
二、过去将来时
1．过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中。一般由“would/should＋动词原形”构成。
She hoped that they would meet again someday.
她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。
I rang up to tell my father that I should leave for London.
我打电话告诉我父亲我要去伦敦。
2．was/were going to＋动词原形：表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作，常用于口语中，表示预言、意图或者打算等。
He was going to start work the following week.
他打算下星期开始工作。
—Alice, why didn't you come yesterday
—I was going to, but I had an unexpected visitor.
——爱丽丝，你昨天为什么没来呀？
——我打算去的，但我家来了个不速之客。
3．was/were about to do：常用来表示过去即将发生的动作，“刚要/正要做……”。注意该结构不与任何时间状语连用。
I felt that something terrible was about to happen.
我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。
We were about to go there when it began to rain.
我们刚打算去那儿，这时天下起了雨。
4．start，go，come，leave，see，meet等动词的过去进行时：表示就过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。
She was coming later.
她随后就来。
I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine.
我刚穿上外套要去看我的一个朋友。
5．was/were to do：表示“曾计划做某事”，如果表示过去“本来计划做某事，动作没实现”，则需用“was/were to have done”。
She said she was to have told me about the accident.
她说她本来想告诉我关于事故的事。
He said he was to meet his friend at the station at 4 p．m.
他说他下午四点去车站接他的朋友。
用所给动词的适当形式完成句子
①She said the bus _____________(leave) at five the next morning.
②I wasn't sure whether he __________(lend) me his book the next morning.
③At that time he did not know that quitting the job _______________子(become) the turning point in his life.
④He said he ____________________(visit) China the next week.
⑤In his introduction, he made it clear that our credits __________(be) hard-earned.
was leaving
would lend
was to become
was going to visit
would be
语法专练
Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空
1．(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we _________(can) help wondering how long it would take to get there.
2．(2018·北京卷)They might ____________(find) a better hotel if they had driven a few more kilometers.
3．(2018·天津卷)I can't find my purse.I could ___________(leave) it in the supermarket yesterday，but I'm not sure.
couldn't
have found
have left
4．(2016·浙江卷)Managing the family budget must ___________(be) a very hard task，but she made it look effortless.
5．(2015·福建卷)—Sorry，Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it's too bad.You ________(shall) have made full preparations.
6．(2018·天津卷)At first Robert _________(will) let his daughter go diving，but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.
7．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Rather than getting caught up in how you could ___________(do) better, why not offer yourself a compassionate(有同情心)response
have been
should
wouldn't
have done
8．(2019·天津卷)I don't have to _______(write) down what happened.
9．______she be ten years old next month
10．—______you interrupt now Can't you see I'm on the phone
—Sorry, sir，but it's an emergency.
write
Will
Must
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．In today's information age, the loss of data _____________________ for a company.
在今天的信息化时代，丢失数据可能会给公司造成严重的问题。
2．My room is a mess, but I _________________ before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.
我的房间很乱，不过今晚在我出去之前，我没必要打扫它。我可以在(明天)早晨打扫。
can cause serious problems
needn't clean it
3．(北京高考)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ________________ __________ on the top shelf.
塞缪尔是我们班最高的男孩，他能轻而易举地拿到书架顶层的书。
4．She said that _____________________ without your help.
她说，要是没有你的帮助，她不能做成。
5．If you attempt to practice yoga, _________________________ at the beginning, but you'll grow stronger in the long run.
当你尝试去练习瑜伽，也许在刚开始时你会感到疲倦，但是从长远来看这让你变得更强壮。
can easily reach the
books
she couldn't take it
you may/might feel tired
6．She said she __________________________ her trip.
她说她将为她的旅行作准备。
7．I wondered when we ___________________ for Paris.
我想要知道我们什么时候动身去巴黎。
8．He ___________________ when he saw a shark.
他正要潜水时突然看见了一条鲨鱼。
was going to prepare for
should/would leave
was about to dive
9．I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________________ Disneyland at weekends.
我仍然记得我快乐的童年，我的母亲周末会带我去迪士尼乐园。
10．I know you have an important performance tonight. __________________
我知道你今晚有个重要演出，祝你成功！
would take me to
May you succeed
Ⅲ.语法主题应用
用适当的情态动词、动词的过去将来时介绍一下你的高考备考情况。
1．还有三个月就要高考了，这让我压力很大；
2．因为我晚上熬夜，我竟然在课堂上睡着了；
3．以往考得不好的时候，我的父母都会安慰我；
4．现在我能进行自我调节了；
5．我要遵守科学的作息规律；
6．祝我在高考中取得好成绩。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
参考范文：
The College Entrance Examination will be in three months, which makes me under great pressure.
Because I stay up late at night, I should fall asleep in class.My parents would comfort me when I didn't do well in the exam.Now I can adjust myself. I shall observe scientific work and rest rules.May I gain good results in the College Entrance Examination.
夯基提能作业Unit 5 Section Ⅱ
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空
1．How _can_you miss the news It has been on TV all day long.
2．You can keep the book for a month.After that you _must_return it on time.
3．The boy _could_speak three languages when he was 12 years old.
4．When he lived in the countryside，he _would_go fishing every day.
5．No student _shall_go out of the school campus after 10∶00 at night without permission according to the school regulations.
6．You _needn't_get the machine repaired this week.I won't need it until next month.
7．It _couldn't_be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
8．You can't smoke here.Go out of the house if you_must_.
9．I really _can't_thank you enough.It's been an amazing day!
10．She_dare_not go out alone at night.
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．You _can_also_write_something_about students' daily life.The length of the article_should_be_limited_to_400 words or so.
你也可以写一些关于学生日常生活方面的文章，文章的长度应限制在400词左右。
2．Last Sunday we _were_going_to_visit_the Great Wall，but it rained.
上星期天我们本想去游览长城的，但却下雨了。
3．We _may_have_different_opinions_in organizing class activities.
在组织班级活动方面我们可能有不同的意见。
4．I'll certainly be surprised if he_dares_to_tell_them_what he knows.
如果他敢告诉他们他知道什么，我一定会感到惊讶的。
5．Anyone_can_be_in_a_rough_life_time_，whether he is “Bai Fumei”or “Gao Fushuai”．
无论是“白富美”还是“高富帅”，任何人都可能处于艰难的人生时期。
6．When my parents were away，my grandmother_would_take_care_of_me_.
我父母外出的时候，总是祖母照看我。
Ⅲ.用本单元语法知识完成语段
When Victor Gao was growing up in rural China in the 1970s，cars and trucks were so rare that he _1.would_chase_them_with_the_other_children_(常和其他孩子一起追逐)through the dirt roads，thrilled by the strange sight.Today, China is the world's largest automobile producer, with more than double the capacity of the United States.
“I never expected that an ordinary Chinese family_2.would_own_a_car_(会拥有一辆车) and China_3.would_be_a_major_automobile_making_country_(会成为主要的汽车制造国)，”Gao said，“It _4.would_be_completely_beyond_my_wildest_dreams_(会完全超出我最疯狂的梦想)that China _5.would_produce_more_automobiles_(会生产更多的汽车)than the US.”
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In this day and age, you can practically do anything with the help of the Internet.While chatting with a stranger may seem new and exciting, make sure that you stay safe while still having fun.
While there are some unpleasant people in the world, let's remember that most people are friendly! If you find someone who likes the same restaurant as you or who is also crazy about Gilmore Girls, then feel free to talk the night away! Just keep the conversation light and talk about your common interests.If a topic that doesn't fit well with you is brought up, keep in mind that you are always in control.Under no circumstances should you be forced to talk or think about anything inappropriate.Ignore your manners at this time!
Do stay open-minded.Sometimes chatting with strangers can turn into a close bond—or just another person you can turn to for a laugh.But when you are typing away in your computer, it's easy for you to get carried away and to tell your new friends all about yourself.Keep the personal details secret, and instead talk about fun hobbies or the latest episode (一集) of The Good Wife.
Always listen to your instincts (直觉)．If something inside of you is telling you something isn't right, it probably isn't.Pay attention to how your body responds to certain people online.Remember, you never really know who you are talking to just by looking at a computer screen name, so downloading anything is absolutely no.
See Talking to strangers online doesn't always have to be appalling experience.By following these do's and don'ts, chatting with someone you don't know can be cool and pleasant, and can make sure that you stay safe in the world of the Internet.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。很多人把网络聊天当成是洪水猛兽般可怕的事物，文章告诉我们在网络聊天的时候，要注意一些具体准则，这些准则可以很好地保护我们。
1．When you chat online, it is acceptable if you _B_.
A．send a stranger a picture of yourself
B．stop chatting if the topic upsets you
C．never refuse to talk to any stranger online
D．let out some personal information
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段后三句“If a topic that doesn't fit well with you is brought up, keep in mind that you are always in control.Under no circumstances should you be forced to talk or think about anything inappropriate.Ignore your manners at this time！”可知当网络交谈的话题不适合你的时候，你可以停止与对方的交流，不要在意礼貌。故选B。
2．What should you do when chatting online？_C_
A．Avoid chatting with those different from you.
B．Try to be polite when a topic makes you feel upset.
C．Avoid downloading everything from strangers.
D．Don't expect to get a lifelong friendship from a stranger.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Remember, you never really know who you are talking to just by looking at a computer screen name, so downloading anything is absolutely no.”可知在网络聊天的时候，你并不完全了解聊天对象，所以千万不能下载对方发送的任何文件。故选C。
3．The underlined word “appalling” in the last paragraph probably means “_A_”．
A．terrible B．funny
C．exciting D．comfortable
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句“By following these do's and don'ts, chatting with someone you don't know can be cool and pleasant...”可知遵守上文提及的“do's and don'ts”，与陌生人的网络聊天也可能很令人愉快。所以此处是说网上聊天也不是那么可怕。画线词“appalling”意为“可怕的，糟糕的”，故选A。
4．What would be the best title for the passage？_B_
A．Advantages of surfing the Internet.
B．Guidelines on chatting with strangers online.
C．Advice on how to get a lifelong online friendship.
D．Possible dangers of surfing the Internet.
解析：标题判断题。本文是一篇说明文，作者提出了一些正确处理网络聊天的建议。告诉我们在网络聊天的时候，要注意一些具体准则。所以本文介绍的是网络聊天要注意的一些规则，故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere.We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the _1.A_ home from work in the evenings.A man will be reading the newspaper，and seconds later it _2.C_ as if he is trying to _3.B_it.Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger _4.D_ next to him.Another place where unplanned short sleep _5.A_ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring(打鼾) so _6.C_ that the professor has to ask another student to _7.B_ the sleeper awake.A more embarrassing situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the weight of the head pushes the arm off the _8.B_，and the movement carries the _9.C_ of the body along.The student wakes up on the floor with no memory of getting there.The worst time to fall asleep is when _10.D_.Police reports are full of _11.D_ that occur when people fall into sleep and go off the road.If the drivers are _12.A_，they will not be seriously hurt.One woman's car，_13.D_，went into the river.She woke up in four feet of _14.B_ and thought it was raining.When people are really _15.A_，nothing will stop them from falling asleep—no matter where they are.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过列举几种打瞌睡的地方，如公交车上，报告厅里，甚至是在驾驶室里，说明人们在过度疲劳时，在哪里都能睡着。
1．A.way B．track
C．path D．road
解析：way道路；track轨迹；path小路；road道路。on the way home from work下班回家的路上，属于固定搭配。故选A。
2．A.acts B．shows
C．appears D．sounds
解析：act表现；show展示；appear出现，显现；sound听起来。几秒过后，这个看报纸的人好像要“吃”报纸。表示“看起来似乎/好像”应用it appears as if...，故选C。
3．A.open B．eat
C．find D．finish
解析：open打开；eat吃；find发现；finish完成。从前后语境分析，此处看报纸的人打瞌睡了，感觉像是吃报纸的样子。故选B。
4．A.lying B．waiting
C．talking D．sitting
解析：lie躺；wait等待；talk谈话；sit坐。从上文中的信息on the bus or train说明，过度劳累时，可能会靠在坐在旁边的陌生人的肩膀上睡着。故选D。
5．A.goes on B．ends up
C．lasts D．returns
解析：go on发生，进行；end up结束；last持续；return返回。此处指睡觉这一动作发生在报告厅。故选A。
6．A.bravely B．happily
C．loudly D．carelessly
解析：bravely勇敢地；happily快乐地；loudly大声地；carelessly粗心地。某位学生打鼾声音太大以至于教授要让其他同学把他摇醒。故选C。
7．A.leave B．shake
C．keep D．watch
解析：leave离开；shake摇晃；keep保持；watch注视。shake sb.awake把某人摇醒。故选B。
8．A.cushion B．desk
C．shoulder D．book
解析：cushion垫子；desk课桌；shoulder肩膀；book书。根据一般常识判断，学生一般趴在课桌上睡觉，故选B。
9．A.action B．position
C．rest D．side
解析：action行动；position位置；rest其余的，休息；side边。关键信息and the movement表明这一举动也带动了身体的其他部位一起倒下。故选C。
10．A.thinking B．working
C．walking D．driving
解析：think思考；work工作；walk步行；drive驾驶。由下文信息“If the drivers are...”可推测，此处强调最糟的是开车打盹。故选D。
11．A.changes B．events
C．ideas D．accidents
解析：change改变；event事件；idea想法；accident事故。从该句分析，这里是警察统计的发生的交通事故。故选D。
12．A.lucky B．awake
C．calm D．strong
解析：lucky幸运的；awake醒着的；calm冷静的；strong强大的。如果司机幸运的话，就不会伤得很重。故选A。
13．A.in time B．at first
C．as usual D．for example
解析：in time及时；at first首先；as usual像平常一样；for example例如。此处作者是在举例子。故选D。
14．A.dust B．water
C．grass D．bush
解析：dust灰尘；water水；grass草；bush灌木丛。由下文的信息“and thought it was raining”可以猜测，那位女司机醒来之后发现自己在四英尺深的水里，还以为是天在下雨呢。故选B。
15．A.tired B．drunk
C．lonely D．lazy
解析：tired疲劳的；drunk喝醉的；lonely孤独的；lazy懒惰的。这里表示当人们真的累了时，无论身在何处，都能睡着。故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Good morning, everyone.This is Chris at the school radio station.
As we all know, psychological health is as important as physical health.However, it's quite_1.worrying_(worry) that many of us are suffering from poor psychological health.We've interviewed some psychology teachers at our school, and they've given us some advice on how_2.to_improve_(improve) psychological health.
Firstly, you can share your concerns with people you trust，_3.whose_support and care may help you get_4.over/through_the difficulties.Besides, learn to view trouble_5.wisely_(wise) as everyone meets with difficulties now and then.Remind_6.yourself_(you) that only those who are confident and determined can go far and be more_7.prepared_(prepare)．Lastly, when_8.feeling_(feel) sad for a long time, you'd better go to the mental guide room without_9.hesitation_(hesitate), where practical advice will_10.be_offered_(offer) to help ease your pressure.
The world is just what you think it is.Learn to control your own world!
Thank you for listening.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些改善心理健康的建议。
解析：
1．考查形容词。句意：然而，令人担忧的是，我们中的许多人正遭受着糟糕的心理健康。修饰下文many of us are suffering from poor psychological health这件事应用-ing结尾形容词，故填worrying。
2．考查固定结构。句意：我们采访了我们学校的一些心理老师，他们给了我们一些关于如何改善心理健康的建议。本句为宾语从句，且为“疑问代词＋不定式”结构，表示“如何改善”，故填to improve。
3．考查定语从句连接词。句意：首先，你可以和你信任的人分享你的担忧，他们的支持和关心可以帮助你克服/度过困难。本句为定语从句修饰先行词people，且关系代词在从句中做定语，故填whose。
4．考查固定短语。句意同上。固定短语get over/through“克服；熬过”，故填over/through。
5．考查副词。句意：此外，学会明智地看待问题，因为每个人都会遇到困难。view为动词需要副词修饰，故填wisely。
6．考查反身代词。句意：提醒自己，只有那些有信心和决心的人才能走得更远，准备更充分。根据句意可知表示“提醒你自己”应用反身代词，故填yourself。
7．考查形容词。句意同上。根据上文be more可知应填形容词作表语，故填prepared。
8．考查省略句。句意：最后，当你长时间感到悲伤时，你最好毫不犹豫地去心理辅导室，那里会提供实用的建议来帮助你缓解压力。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, unless等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。从句完整为when (you are)feeling sad for a long time，故填feeling。
9．考查名词。句意同上。without为介词后跟名词做宾语，故填hesitation。
10．考查动词时态语态。句意同上。本句主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据上文will后跟动词原形，故填be offered。(共78张PPT)
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
Section Ⅲ Listening and Talking，
Reading for Writing
课内要点探究
随堂达标验收
夯基提能作业
课前自主预习
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．___________ n.打算；计划；意图；目的→________ vt.计划；打算
2．_________ adv.无处；哪里都不
3．________ n.程度；限度；大小；范围
4．_______ n.歌剧
5．_________ n.音乐剧 adj.音乐的→_______ n.音乐；乐曲→__________ n.音乐家；作曲家
6．__________ n.恐龙
intention
intend
nowhere
extent
opera
musical
music
musician
dinosaur
7．_____ vt.& vi.拥抱；抱紧
8．________ vt.追求；致力于
9．______ n.责任；义务；职责；值班
10．__________ vi.犹豫；迟疑；顾虑→____________ n.犹豫
11．____________ adv.最后；终于→__________ adj.最后的； 最终的； 结果的
12．________ n.(男装)裁缝 vt.专门制作；定做
13．_______ n.职员；文书；店员
hug
pursue
duty
hesitate
hesitation
eventually
eventual
tailor
clerk
14．________ n.举止；行为方式；方法；[pl.]礼貌；礼仪→_________ n.礼仪；礼貌
15．____________ adv.顺楼梯而下；在楼下；往楼下
16．_______ n.楼梯；梯级
17．_______ adv.到旁边；在旁边；留；存
18．________ n.可选择的事物；选择；选择权→__________ adj. 可选择的；随意的
19．_______ adj.宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的
manner
manners
downstairs
stair
aside
option
optional
broad
20．________ adv.其实；实际上；当然；确实
21．________ adj.典型的；正常的；一般的；精神正常的 n.常态；通常标准；一般水平
22．_________ adj.愿意的；乐意的
23．_________ n.要素；基本部分
24．______ n.故事情节；布局；阴谋
25．____________ adj.上流社会的；上等阶层的→_______adj.上面的；上层的；靠上部的
indeed
normal
willing
element
plot
upper-class
upper
26．__________ vt.维持；保持；维修；保养
27．____________ n.准许；许可；批准；许可证→________vt.& vi.允许；准许；使有可能
28．________ n.谚语；格言；警句
29．__________ adj.外部的；外面的；外来的
maintain
permission
permit
saying
external
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．____ case以防；以防万一
2．____...extent到……程度；在……程度上
3．____ duty值班；值勤
4．____ a．..manner 以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子
5．____ that case既然那样；假使那样的话
6．____ willing to do sth.愿意或乐意做某事
7．_____ upper class上流社会；上等阶层
8．play the role ____扮演……的角色
in
to
on
in
in
be
the
of
9．now ______既然
10．____ the end最后；终于
11．____ one's surprise让/令某人惊讶的是
12．____down下去；下降；下沉；落下
13．try _______ sth.尽力干某事
14．as ____仿佛；好像
15．worry _______担心；焦虑
16．be eager _______ sth.渴望干某事
17．take ___ chance冒险
that
in
to
go
to do
if
about
to do
a
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．But __________ you are here，I don't have to.
但是，既然你在这儿，我就不必了。
2．Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again，_______ looking at something he can't believe is there.
然后，他折起钞票，又慢慢地把它展开，就好像看到了什么他不敢相信的东西。
3．I remember thinking that _______ would I hold such a note as this...
记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……
4．You would have to wait a long time to __________.
你得等很长时间才能拿到钱。
now that
as if
never
get paid
Ⅳ.课文理解
1．Why did Henry walk into the tailor's shop ___
A．Because he wanted to borrow some money.
B．Because he wanted to buy a new coat.
C．Because he wanted to see his old friends.
D．Because he wanted to buy the clothes made for some king.
B
2．Why did Mr. Reid want Henry to get out quick at first？___
A．Because he thought that Henry was very poor.
B．Because there were too many customers in the shop.
C．Because his clerks were not very patient.
D．Because Henry didn't want to buy any clothes.
A
3．Why did the owner change his attitude towards Henry later？___
A．Because Henry was always very gentle.
B．Because Henry asked him not to judge people by their clothes.
C．Because he saw the million-pound bank note.
D．Because the clothes in the shop were really worn.
C
课内要点探究
Still, she hesitated.She didn't think she knew it well enough.
但是她迟疑不决，她觉得自己所知甚少。
She hesitated about/over the choice between the two books.
对于选这两本书中的哪一本她犹豫不决。
Out of everybody's expectation, she didn't hesitate to accept the job.
令大家出乎意料的是，她毫无迟疑地接受了这份工作。
重 点 单 词
1.hesitate vi. 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑
(1)hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事；不愿做某事
hesitate about/over (doing) sth.(做)某事犹豫不决
hesitate about＋疑问词＋to do sth.做某事犹豫不决
(2)hesitation n.踌躇；犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth.
毫不犹豫地做某事
I have no hesitation in recommending my classmate to you.
我毫不犹豫地向你推荐我的同学。
单句语法填空
①Don't hesitate ___________ that.Do it at once.
②He didn't hesitate ____ ask her to sit beside him.
③We hope that you will not hesitate _________(make)us aware of any shortcomings which you may find in this plan.
④I didn't hesitate for a moment___________taking the job.
about/over
to
to make
about/over
完成句子
⑤I will_______________________(毫不迟疑地推荐) this brand.
⑥We are at your service._________________________(尽管找我们) if you have any further problems.
not hesitate to recommend
Don't hesitate to turn to us
The work should have been done in a more satisfactory manner.
这项工作本来应该用更令人满意的方式来做。
“Small talk is the basis of good manners，” he says.
“闲聊是礼貌的基础，”他说。
The composition is in the manner of German folk songs.
这首曲子是以德国民歌的风格谱写成的。
It is good manners to look up to the old.
尊敬老人是有礼貌的表现。
2．manner n.举止；行为方式；方法；[pl.]礼貌；礼仪
(1)in a．..manner＝in the manner of...以一种……的方式；带着一种……的样子
in a manner＝in some way＝to a certain extent在一定程度上
in this manner＝in this way用这种方式
all manner of各种各样的；形形色色的(人，东西)等
(2)manners n.礼貌；礼仪
good/bad manners有/没有礼貌
table manners餐桌礼仪
(3)表示“方法，方式”的词语积累：
method：a method for/of...……的方式
way：in...way以……方法；a way of doing sth./a way to do sth.做某事的方法
means: by means of以……方式；means of (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法
approach：an approach to(doing)sth.(做)某事的方法/途径
思维拓展
用这种方式
in this way/manner(√)
by this means(√)
with this method(√)
单句语法填空
①The manner ____which the decision was announced was extremely regrettable.
②So far，____this means，two major earthquakes have been predicted.
完成句子
③He answered my question__________________________(用一种如此奇怪的方式以至于)I wondered if he had misheard me.
④It is _____________(不礼貌) to talk with your finger pointing at another person.
in
by
in such a strange manner that
bad manners
Before we collect plants from public parks, we should first get permission from the Director.
在我们从公园收集植物之前，我们应该先得到主管的许可。
You should ask for your parents' permission whether you can attend the ceremony.
你应该征得你父母的同意，才能参加这个仪式。
3．permission n.准许；许可；批准；许可证
He didn't gain his boss's permission to leave early.
他没有得到老板的允许提前离开。
The girl opened the package with her mother's permission.
女孩经母亲允许打开了包裹。
You were wrong to take the car without permission.
你未得许可就把汽车开走是不应该的。
get permission (from sb.)得到(某人的)许可
ask for permission请求许可
gain permission to do...获得做……的许可
with one's permission在某人许可/准许下(＝with the permission of sb.)
without permission未经许可
permit vi.& vt.允许；准许；使有可能
permit doing sth.允许做某事
permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
be permitted to do sth.被允许做某事
weather permitting如果天气允许(独立主格结构)(＝if weather permits)
单句语法填空
①She had asked the government for ____________(permit) to move the items to a safe place，but they refused.
②We do not permit _________(smoke) in the office.
③It was announced that only when the fire was under control would the residents ______________(permit) to return to their homes.
④Never take something _________permission，even if you know that your friend will be okay with it.
permission
smoking
be permitted
without
完成句子
⑤In our school, no student can go out of the classroom ______________ ___________ (未经许可)．
⑥As a punishment，she____________________________ (不许参加) any school activities.
⑦We'll have a picnic at the beach，__________________(如果天气允许的话)．
⑧(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷完型)My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad ____________________.(得到他们的允许)．
without
was not permitted to take part in
weather permitting
with their permission
permission
重 点 短 语
1．take off 脱下(衣服)；(飞机)起飞；突然开始成功；休假
a plane takes off一架飞机起飞
take off one's coat/shirt/boots脱下某人的外套/衬衫/靴子
take a few days off休息几天
take away拿走；消除
take in吸收；欺骗；收留
take back 收回(说错的话)；退回
take on呈现；雇用；承担
take down 记下；拆卸
take over接管，接任
take out 带……出去；提取(款)
take up拿起；占据；开始从事
单句语法填空
①(2018·全国Ⅱ卷完形)I took _____ my T-shirt and dived into the water.
我脱下T恤衫，跳入水中。
②Many businesses started up by college students have taken _____ thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.
多亏了良好的创业环境，许多大学生的创业项目已经成功了。
off
off
③Peter will take ____ his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.
彼得在下个月底将担任这家旅行社负责人的职位。
完成句子
④The new magazine has really ___________.
这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。
⑤The clerk has decided to _____________________ next week.
这个职员已决定下星期休息几天。
up
taken off
take a few days off
The chance is that he has paid off his debt.
＝Chances are that he has paid off his debt.
＝There is a chance that he has paid off his debt.
他可能已经偿清债务了。
2.take a chance (＝take one's chances)冒险；碰运气
by chance(＝by accident)偶然地，意外地
a chance to do...一次做……的机会
give sb.a chance 给某人一次机会
have a chance of doing sth.有可能做某事
have a chance to do sth.有做某事的机会
The chance is that...＝Chances are that...＝There is a chance that...有可能……
①(2019·天津卷完形)She calculated that going to a stranger's house was a risky move，but she decided to _______________.
她认为去一个陌生人的家里是一个冒险的举动，但她决定冒这个险。
②(2019·北京卷阅读)You may have chances _________(meet) new people who'll become your lifelong friends.
你可能会有机会遇到新的人，他们将会成为你一生的朋友。
take a chance
to meet
③__________________ the close sitter doesn't realize he disturbs you, so he may miss your annoyance.
很有可能坐在你旁边的人没有意识到他打扰了你，所以他可能没留意你的恼怒。
④(2019·全国Ⅲ卷写作)I'm sure it is __________________perform your favorite music.
我相信这是一个表演你最喜欢的音乐的好机会。
Chances are that
a good chance to
(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是I don't have to，now that you are here是连词now that引导的原因状语从句。
(2)now that意为“既然”。
Now that the kids have left home we've got a lot of extra space.
孩子们都离开家了，我们住着就更宽绰了。
Now that you have finished your work, you'd better have a rest.
既然你的工作已经做完了，最好休息一下吧。
重 点 句 型
1．But now that you are here，I don't have to.
但是，既然你在这儿，我就不必了。
now that, because, since, as, for
now that 固定短语，意为“既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，that 可以省略
because 表示直接的或为人所不知的原因，语气最强。回答用 why 提问的问句
since 意为“既然”，表示已知或共知的原因，但并非直接原因。可与 now that 互换
as 意为“由于”，表示显而易见或已为人所知的原因。语气比 because 弱
for 意为“因为”，并列连词，表示补充说明的理由。连接分句，不能置于句首
类似 although/though 不能与 but 连用，because 不能与 so 连用，当 since, now that 引导原因状语从句时，主句前不能加 so 等连词。
[译]既然你已经准备好了，我们现在可以走了。
[误]Now that you are ready, so we can go now.
[正]Now that you are ready, we can go now.
单句语法填空
①Now ______ we failed this time，we should draw some useful lessons from it.
②—Why didn't you phone me last night
—_________I didn't want to disturb you.
③It must have rained last night，_____ the ground is wet.
④____ he wasn't ready in time，we went without him.
⑤_______ everybody is here，let's begin our meeting.
that
Because
for
As
Since
(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again，后面是as if引导的方式状语从句，something he can't believe is there是省略了连接词that的宾语从句，其中又包含了定语从句he can't believe，修饰先行词something。
2．Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again，as if looking at something he can't believe is there.
然后，他折起钞票，又慢慢地把它展开，就好像看到了什么他不敢相信的东西。
(2)此处as if looking at something he can't believe is there是状语从句as if he is looking at something he can't believe is there的省略形式。
状语从句省略的具体用法：
①适用从句：时间、地点、条件、方式和让步状语从句
②省略条件：从句主语与主句主语相同或从句主语为it，且从句的谓语部分含有be动词
③省略后从句的形式：连词＋形容词/副词/分词/不定式/名词
While (they were) building the tunnel，the workers discovered an underground lake.
建隧道时，工人们发现了一个地下湖。
Unless (you are) asked to speak，you should remain silent at the meeting.
开会时，除非让你发言，否则你应当保持沉默。
Even if (I am) invited，I won't go.
即使被邀请，我也不去。
When (she was) very young，she began to learn to play the piano.
她很小就开始学习弹钢琴了。
状语从句省略口诀：
时，条，让，方，地；主语同，谓语be，
二者省去不可惜；从句主语是it，省去it's也可以。
单句语法填空
①While __________(swim) in the river, he saw a strange animal.
②You will never gain success unless fully _________(devote) to your work.
③Film has a much shorter history，especially when _____________ (compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
④While _________(walk) the dog，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
swimming
devoted
compared
walking
完成句子
⑤She stood at the door as if _________(wait) for someone.
她站在门口，好像在等人。
⑥(2019·江苏卷写作)Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing what to wear when ___________(receive)the British students next month.
李江和苏华正在讨论下个月接待英国学生时穿什么。
waiting
receiving
⑦(2018·全国Ⅱ卷阅读)One group was asked to seek out an interaction with its waiter; the other，to speak only ________________.
一组被要求寻求与服务员的互动，另一组只在必要时说话。
⑧He packed his necessities as if _________(have) a holiday.
他把必需品打了包，像是要去度假。
when necessary
to have
(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。包含一个宾语从句that never would I hold such a note as this...，该从句是一个倒装句，正常语序为I would never hold such a note as this ...。
(2)当含有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时，句子需用部分倒装语序，即把助动词、情态动词、be动词移至主语之前。构成“表示否定意义的词语＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语＋动词原形(不含be动词)＋其他”结构。这样的词或短语有：
3．I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...
记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……
全部否定意义副词：never，not，neither，nor，nowhere
部分否定意义副词：hardly，scarcely，rarely，seldom，little
“绝不”短语：at no time，by no means，in no case，in no way，on no condition，under/in no circumstances，on no account
I don't know when to leave.Nor does he.
我不知道什么时候离开，他也不知道。
Not a single tree can we see on the hill.
我们在小山上连一棵树也看不见。
Never have I heard or seen such a thing.
我从未听过或见过这样的事情。
Seldom does he come recently.
最近他很少来。
Hardly could she believe her own eyes.
她几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。
Rarely have I seen such a bright moon.
我很少看到这么明亮的月亮。
Nowhere was the key to be found.
到处都找不到钥匙。
By no means shall I change the plan.
我决不改变计划。
Under no circumstances should we give up hope.
我们绝不放弃希望。
John realized his mistakes and promised that at no time would he do it again.
约翰意识到他的错误并且承诺在任何时候他都不会再做这种事。
常用部分倒装的其他情况：
Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again.
只有当他为他的粗鲁道歉时我才会再和他说话。
So wonderful was the film that everyone was deeply moved.
这部电影如此精彩，每个人都被深深地感动了。
No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep.
他一闭上眼就睡着了。
Not only does he do well in his study，but also he often helps others with their lessons.
他不仅学习出色，还常常帮助其他人的功课。
Young though she is，she has travelled to many countries.
尽管年轻，但她已旅行过很多国家。
单句语法填空
①Never ______ you achieve anything if you spend your time that way.
②By no means ________ he be left alone.
③Not only _____ he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.
单句写作
④Never _____________(我看到过) such a beautiful vase before.
⑤I will never know what was on his mind at the time, _________________________(其他任何人也不会知道)．
will
should
did
have I seen
nor/neither will anyone else
⑥Seldom __________________(她丧失信心) when she is in trouble.
⑦On no condition ___________________(你该忘记) you are a Chinese.
does she lose heart
should you forget
(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句。to get paid是不定式短语作目的状语。
(2)句中get paid是由“get＋过去分词”构成的短语。
“get＋过去分词”常见于以下两种情况：
4．You would have to wait a long time to get paid.
你得等很长时间才能拿到钱。
①谈论某人或某物的客观遭遇，往往表示一种突然的、未曾料到的偶发事件或事故。
He got killed when he was crossing the road.
过马路时他被车撞死了。
Her skirt got torn on a nail.
她的裙子被钉子挂破了。
②谈论设法或终于做到令人称心的事，说话者带有较强的感彩。
She got paid before she went on a holiday.
她在度假前(设法)领到了工资。
In the end, he got admitted into Peking University.
他终于被北京大学录取了。
“get＋过去分词”荟萃：
get lost 迷路
get punished 受惩罚
get divorced 离婚
get washed 洗脸
get separated 被分开
get paid 得到报酬
get dressed 穿衣服
get married 结婚
get engaged 订婚
get drunk 喝醉
单句语法填空
①Her car got _______(stick) in the mud and couldn't move.
②Tom got ______(lose) in the strange place.
stuck
lost
随堂达标验收
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Peter announced that he had no ___________(意图) of wasting his time at any university.
2．I have _________(无处) to live and go, so I have to stay here.
3．They greeted each other with a _____(拥抱) and said “Merry Christmas！”
4．To ________(追求) my own good harvest in my study，I will spare no efforts to work hard.
5．Meanwhile，I will regard it as my ______(职责) to help keep our environment clean and healthy.
intention
nowhere
hug
pursue
duty
6．If you still have some doubts about table manners，please don't __________ (犹豫) to tell me.
7．Her classmates encouraged her to stick to it and ____________(最后) she received her goal.
8．A good ________(裁缝) can make a dress without a pattern.
9．Good _________(礼貌) are very important in the communication of daily life.
10．The boys bathed，dressed and went ____________(往楼下) for lunch.
hesitate
eventually
tailor
manners
downstairs
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．(2019·北京卷)If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never hesitates ________(buy) them a meal.
2．(2019·天津3月卷)I forced myself to believe that I would enjoy it and succeed in the future, but ____________(eventual) I exhausted myself understanding the economy and trying new marketing techniques.
3．(2020·天津卷)I plan to make it in ____ admirable manner.
4．(2017·天津卷)____ that case，ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry.
to buy
eventually
an
In
5．(2015·湖南卷)The only two _________(option)were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.
6．(2020·天津卷)According to Professor Johnson，we don't have to read the book if we don't want to，as it is __________(option)．
7．(2019·天津3月卷)The course __________(normal) attracts about 100 students per year, of whom up to half will be from abroad.
8．(2019·天津卷)But, if we are willing __________(learn)，the opportunities are everywhere.
options
optional
normally
to learn
9．(2018·天津卷)Some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent _____________(maintain) current levels.
10．(2019·北京卷)With her dad's ____________(permit), she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly.
to maintain
permission
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．I hope you will make efforts to overcome the difficulty, ___________________it is.
我希望你会努力克服这个困难，无论有多难。
2．He paused for a while，_________________in his memory.
他暂停了一会，就好像正在记忆中遨游。
3．I am really sorry but I______________________our online language learning for a while.
我很抱歉，但是我别无选择，只能让我们的在线语言学习停止一段时间。
no matter how hard
as if wandering
have no option but to stop
4．Hopefully, the advice given above will be of great help to you ________________.
希望上面给出的建议在某种程度上会对你有很大的帮助。
5．There were many animals kept in the zoo and________________they were not being treated well.
动物园里有很多动物，似乎它们并没有受到很好的对待。
6．I am sure you can deal with this problem____________________.
我确信你可以以一种恰当的方式处理这个问题。
to some extent
it seemed that
in a proper manner
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One day, Henry, dressed in a worn coat, was walking along the street with a bank note in his hand.Suddenly, he caught sight of a 1.__________ (tailor) shop.On entering the shop, he received a cold welcome from 2.____ clerk.Another clerk led him downstairs, 3.________ Henry saw some ready-made suits.After selecting some clothes, Henry told the clerk that he couldn't pay for these clothes then, because he didn't carry any small change. 4._________(hear) these words, the clerk said 5.________(cold), “I suppose a gentleman like you only carries very large 6._______(bill)．”
tailor's
a
where
Hearing
coldly
bills
“You shouldn't judge people by their clothes.I just don't want to cause you trouble with a large note，” explained Henry.When Henry showed the note to the clerk, he 7.___________(shock), hardly believing his eyes. 8.___ was the big note that changed the attitude of the clerks 9.____________ Henry.After that, all of them started to treat Henry kindly and politely, offering Henry many top suits to choose from.The story 10.________(go) like a saying “Money makes the world go around”．
was shocked
It
towards/to
goes
解析：
1．考查名词的所有格。表达“裁缝店”应用“a tailor's”或“a tailor's shop”。故填tailor's。
2．考查冠词。根据clerk可知，空处应填不定冠词表示泛指，故填a。
3．考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰地点副词downstairs，且在从句中作状语，故填where。
4．考查非谓语动词。“___(hear) these words”为现在分词短语作状语，hear与其逻辑主语the clerk为主谓关系，故填现在分词Hearing。
5．考查副词。空处修饰动词said，故填副词形式coldly。
6．考查名词的数。bill作“钞票”讲时为可数名词，根据语境可知，此处应用复数。故填bills。
7．考查动词的时态和语态。根据全文时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。分析句子结构可知，主语he与shock为动宾关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was shocked。
8．考查代词。分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句型，故空处应填It。
9．考查介词。attitude常与介词towards或to连用。表示“对……的态度”。故填towards/to。
10．考查动词的时态。结合上文可知，此处为对全文的总结性表述，应用一般现在时。故填goes。
夯基提能作业Unit 5 Section Ⅲ
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I hope you can feel better and come back to the_normal_(正常的) life.
2．Keeping smile and _maintaining_(保持) a natural posture are important.
3．Supporters of PE believe that it is a necessary_element_(部分) of all-round schooling.
4．Jenny smiled as she _eventually_(最终) realized the real source of confidence.
5．He went_downstairs_(下楼) and opened the door happily.
6．Read can help us know more about the_external_(外部的)world.
7．It is our right to _pursue_(追求) happiness in our daily life.
8．It has a large vocabulary, which is _indeed_(的确) a help to us.
9．The website can introduce more about different countries, which can _broaden_(拓宽) our horizons.
10．Just as the _saying_(谚语) goes, “No pains，no gains.”
Ⅱ.短语填空
nowhere else； in that case； in case； on duty；look at； without permission； wait for；worry about； with the intention of； without hesitation
1．Some people contact you merely_with_the_intention_of_making money by promoting something.
2．I'll _wait_for_you at the entrance of the cinema at 6∶45 p．m.
3．It's my turn to be_on_duty_.
4．You can't use your classmates' things_without_permission_.
5．_Nowhere_else_can you find so wonderful performance.
6．They have to pay attention to the messages all the time _in_case_they miss something important.
7．I answered back_without_hesitation_，“I am going to the garden to play.”
8．We should _look_at_this new change with an open mind.
9．With my fluent oral English, I don't think you need to _worry_about_the communication.
10．_In_that_case_，I suggest that you read books and magazines in Chinese in your spare time.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.She has never hesitated _to_give_(give) her pocket money to the needy.
2．_Eventually_(eventual), however，I won the support of my family，and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application.
3．I can't have you speaking to your mother _in_ such a rude manner.You must apologize to her immediately.
4．It is good _manners_(manner) not to disturb others when they are occupied with their work.
5．The reading room never permits _taking_(take) books out.
6．The wall was built along the river in case _of_ floods.
7．I'm willing _to_look_(look) after your pet dog when you are away.
8．_Now_ that I'm well again，I can go on with my work.
9．If _admitted_(admit)，I will do all I can to do the work well.
10．So as you can imagine，if your skin gets _burned_(burn) it can be very serious.
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Six years ago，something unforgettable happened.My wife, Liz, and I celebrated our 50th wedding anniversary that year.It was a lovely event hosted by our sons for us.Many wonderful friends from the past surprised us with presents and congratulations.Our gift to each other was a driving trip out west.We drove from Ontario into Alberta, then southward into Glacier National Park in Montana, and continued to Yellowstone National Park.
It was a cold spring day, and the Beartooth Highway had opened for the season just days before.Alongside the road, there was still a great amount of snow remaining.The scenery was so impressive that we made numerous stops to record memories with my camera.At roughly the highest point of the highway, I stopped at a lookout to catch the amazing views, with my wife in the center of my camera lens.
There were not many vehicles on the road.Occasionally, cars with energetic young tourists passed by.And then we heard a motorcycle in the distance.The driver of the motorcycle, in rags, parked behind our car.As he approached us, his only words were, “Give me your camera and get over there with your wife.”I must admit I felt nervous that we might be robbed where we just created some beautiful memories.Surprisingly, he just took a picture of us, handed back my camera and rode off before we could express our gratitude.The photo he took is one of the most cherished and prized of our trip.
I learned my lesson somewhere I least expected it.God judges us just by our heart, so we should never judge a man by his appearance.If the motorcycle driver reads this story and remembers the situation, we would like to say “thank you” to him.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和妻子在一次作为结婚礼物的旅行中难忘的事，告诉我们不要以貌取人的道理。
1．According to the passage, the trip was _A_.
A．a gift for their wedding anniversary
B．a suggestion from their friends
C．in late autumn six year ago
D．taken by train to the west
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Our gift to each other was a driving trip out west.”可知，我们给对方的礼物是开车去西部旅行。以及从文章整体描述来看，本文讲述的这次旅行是结婚纪念日的礼物。故选A项。
2．Which of the following can conclude the passage？_B_
A．There is no best, only better.
B．Don't judge a book by its cover.
C．Put yourself in others' shoes.
D．A contented mind is an everlasting feast.
解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“God judges us just by our heart, so we should never judge a man by his appearance.”可知，神凭我们的心审判我们，所以我们决不可以貌取人。这是本文要告诉我们的人生哲理，B选项“Don't judge a book by its cover.”表达的意思与主题契合。故选B项。
3．The author was nervous when the motorcyclist offered to take a picture because _B_.
A．the motorcyclist would break the camera
B．he could have lost the camera with memories
C．the motorcyclist might not be good at taking pictures
D．his wife might not be satisfied with the view there
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I must admit I felt nervous that we might be robbed where we just created some beautiful memories.”可知，我必须承认，我感到紧张，在我们刚刚创造了一些美好回忆的地方我们可能会被抢劫。由此可知，作者担心那个衣衫褴褛的人会抢走他的相机。故选B项。
4．Which of the following best describes the driver of the motorcycle？_A_
A．kind and straightforward
B．cautious and admirable
C．rich and skeptical
D．creative and tolerant
解析：推理判断题。从文中摩托车司机直接向作者要相机给他们拍照，并没有过多的言语，为作者和妻子创造了美好的回忆，由此推知，摩托车司机非常的善良而且直率。故选A项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some time after 10,000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived _1.in_，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on _2.what_ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person _3.than_ hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food _4.was_needed_(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology _5.to change_(change)lives.
By about 6000 BC，people _6.had_discovered_ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the _7.seasons_ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas, _8.making_ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with _9.the_ rise of science，changes began. New methods _10.meant_ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了农业的发展历史。
解析：
1．考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知，“they lived ____”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知引导词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in that/which live in＋名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。
2．考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“……东西”之意。故填what。
3．考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知，此句中将农业生产与狩猎和采集相比，应用比较连词than。more...than，意为“比……更(多)”故填than。
4．考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式作定语。故填to change。
6．考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by＋过去时间 译为“到……为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered。
7．考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上题。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式(doing)形式做状语。故填making。
9．考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着……的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。
10．考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。
Ⅲ.概要写作
阅读下面短文， 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
While many of us go to sleep before midnight, some teenagers choose to stay up much later.They are not driven by the burning desire to write a better essay or achieve a higher grade.Instead, they are busy playing online games.Known as young Internet addicts(有瘾的人), they have long been a problem in China.A report released(发行) in 2016 by the China Youth Association for Network Development showed that there were over 24 million young Internet addicts among China's young urban Internet users.The report also said that over 18 million youths had a tendency to develop Internet addiction.
To deal with the problem of Internet addiction among teenagers, the Cyberspace Administration of China has released draft regulations which carried out a ban on online gaming.If the regulations are adopted under-18s would be banned from playing online games between midnight and 8 a．m..
As soon as the government's draft law surfaced, it drew great attention from the public.Some support the law as a way to better protect teenagers, saying that too much overnight gaming is harmful to teenagers' health and believing the period between midnight and 8 a．m. to be important to human physical functions.However, others wondered whether it would be practical if it came into effect, as teenagers could just borrow their parents' IDs to register(注册) accounts to play online games.The Guangming Daily suggested that parents should help their teenagers find a balance between the cyber world and the real world.
China is by no means the only one trying to fight against teenager gaming addiction.Germany introduced a regulation in 2002 in an attempt to stop teens from playing online games from 10 p．m. to 6 a．m..Meanwhile, the UK, the US and Australia have forced a rating system on computer games to make sure that teenagers cannot access “adult” content such as violence, sex or bad language.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Many teenagers in China have become addicted to overnight online games.(要点1)Thus the government made a draft law to solve the long-lasting issue.(要点2)Some people welcomed the law because it is beneficial to the teenagers' health while others doubted whether it would be effective.(要点3)Actually, many other countries have also been making laws against the youth online addiction.(要点4)Unit 5 Section Ⅳ
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Some cities and lawmakers are resisting crime-fighting tech owing to bias (偏见) and accuracy concerns.Police departments around the U．S.are asking citizens to trust them to use facial recognition software as a handy tool in their crime-fighting toolbox.But some lawmakers—and even some technology giants—are against it.
Take the western Massachusetts city of Springfield, where many residents are Latino or black.Springfield police say they have no plans to use facial recognition systems, but some City Council members are moving to block any future government use of the technology anyway.
At an October hearing on the subject, Springfield City Councilman, Orlando Ramos, defended the technology.“The facial recognition technology does not drop a net from the sky and put you to prison，” he said, noting that it could serve as a useful investigative tool.However, he doesn't want to take any risks.“It would only lead to more racial discrimination.” he said, citing studies that found higher error rates for facial recognition software used to identify women and people with darker skins.
Similar debates across the country are highlighting racial issues and concerns about the technology's accuracy.Axon, which supplies body-worn cameras nationwide, had already formed an artificial intelligence ethics board (伦理委员会)that concluded facial recognition technology isn't yet dependable enough to justify its use on police cameras.Axon Chief Executive Rick Smith said, “Even if facial recognition software was perfectly accurate, the ability to track people raises privacy concerns.”“Do we want everybody who walks near a police officer to get their face identified and logged in a database？” he said.
Nevertheless, Todd Pastorini, general manager at biometric forensics (生物取证) company Data Works Plus, said it's the “extremely effective” method of running images through photos to help identify a suspect.“Society and the public are going to get frustrated, if governments refuse to adopt a technology that keeps improving”， he said.In his eyes, facial recognition hits are just one part of an investigation.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国警察部门要求用面部识别软件进行犯罪打击，但一些立法者和科技巨头对此提出的反对意见，因为在某些州内，该软件对于识别肤色较深的人和女性的错误率更高，而且还有可能引起个人隐私问题。但也有人提出面部识别只是调查中的一部分，如果拒绝采用这一不断进步的技术，社会和公众将会感到沮丧。
1．What is Orlando Ramos' attitude towards facial recognition？_B_
A．Hopeful. B．Cautious.
C．Ambiguous. D．Tolerant.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘The facial recognition technology does not drop a net from the sky and put you to prison，’ he said, noting that it could serve as a useful investigative tool.However, he doesn't want to take any risks.‘It would only lead to more racial discrimination.’ he said, citing studies that found higher error rates for facial recognition software used to identify women and people with darker skins.”可知，Orlando认为可以将这个软件作为一个有用的调查工具，但他也不愿意冒任何的风险，因为这个软件很有可能导致更多的种族歧视，研究发现识别女性和肤色较深的人时错误率更高。由此可知，Orlando对这个软件持谨慎态度。A.Hopeful充满希望的；B.Cautious小心的，谨慎的；C.Ambiguous模棱两可的，模糊的；D.Tolerant宽容的。故选B。
2．What is one focus of the debates about facial recognition？_C_
A．Gender discrimination. B．Speed limit.
C．Accuracy rate. D．Steadiness control.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Similar debates across the country are highlighting racial issues and concerns about the technology's accuracy.”可知，类似的争辩都突显了种族问题和对该技术准确性的担忧。由此可知，现在关注的是识别的准确度。故选C。
3．What does Rick Smith think of facial recognition？_B_
A．It appears to cause prejudice.
B．It brings about privacy concerns.
C．Its technology is reliable.
D．Its accuracy needs improving.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Axon Chief Executive Rick Smith said, ‘Even if facial recognition software was perfectly accurate, the ability to track people raises privacy concerns.’”可知，Rick Smith认为就算面部识别的识别度非常准确，追踪人们的能力也会引起隐私问题。由此可知，这会引发一些隐私方面的问题。故选B。
4．What can we learn from the passage？_A_
A．Facial recognition tool meets with resistance.
B．All the people disapprove of facial recognition.
C．Facial recognition is the only tool of investigation.
D．Governments should ban facial recognition.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“At an October hearing on the subject, Springfield City Councilman, Orlando Ramos, defended the technology.”可知，议员在为这项技术进行辩护，说明并不是所有人都反对面部识别，故B项错误。最后一段最后一句“facial recognition hits are just one part of an investigation.”可知，面部识别只是调查的一部分，故C项错误。最后一段倒数第二句“Society and the public are going to get frustrated, if governments refuse to adopt a technology that keeps improving”可知，如果政府不接受这种不断进步的技术，社会和公众将会感到沮丧，而这是一个更严重的问题，故D项错误。文章第一段提到，一些立法者甚至科技巨头都反对这项技术的使用，而且一些州的议会成员阻止着政府使用这项技术，说明面部识别技术在推广上遭到了阻碍。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Swap, Don't shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper.Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源)to make, and buying loads of new clothing(or throwing out old clothing)is not healthy for the environment.So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor？_1.B_.It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had.It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
·Invite 5－10 people so you have a nice selection._2.A_,_and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
·_3.G_.They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their ”new” clothes home.
·Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room._4.F_.Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
·Set a starting time.Maybe you say “go，” or turn on a certain song, or whatever._5.D_.And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits.Remember, it's a party!
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对，以及一些具体的流程。
解析：
1．根据上文“So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor？(那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的(看起来)完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢？)”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.(这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。)”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项“Hold a clothing swap(进行衣物交换)”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
2．根据上文“Invite 5－10 people so you have a nice selection.”(邀请5到10个人，这样你就有一个很好的选择。)说明了应该邀请的人数。下文“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.”(可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。)说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that(少于这些人)”提出一种假设，和下文中“more than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少，符合语境。故选A项。
3．根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.”(他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。)说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.(告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服)”说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。故选G项。
4．根据上文“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”(把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。)指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.”(在房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。)提到了放置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项“Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots(让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上)”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。故选F项。
5．上文“Set a starting time.Maybe you say “go，” or turn on a certain song, or whatever.”(设置开始时间。也许你说“开始”，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。)打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits.Remember, it's a party！”(别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，这是个派对！)讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D项“Just keep music playing throughout(要始终播放音乐)”承上启下，说明在派对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意，故选D项。
Ⅲ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I once worked in a charter school(特许公立学校)．There students with serious problems were put in prison.So when the year ended in May, only _1.A_students sitting in the classes had been there since the school year_2.A_in August.
Chad was one of them.He started out in my first semester Spanish class.He had taken the course twice already_3.B_earning a credit(学分), which was_4.D_at the school.He was too excited at times but fairly bright, and he never_5.B_a day of school during the first semester.Chad earned credit for first semester Spanish and moved on to the second.
I noticed a huge_6.A_in him when he returned from Christmas vacation.He was quieter and worked harder.I was _7.D_by his big improvement.Towards the end of the spring semester, Chad missed several weeks of school.When he returned, he told me he was soon being sent to the “yearround school”．
I discovered the “year round school” was prison.I was_8.A_ to learn that he had broken into someone's house._9.D_I wanted to give him an award, some teachers said, “You should give the award to someone else.” I considered it._10.B_in the end I decided to judge Chad only on what he had done in my class.
Chad's sentencing had been delayed, and he _11.A_to school that day.He_12.D_reacted when I gave him an award for Most Improved.He hugged me_13.B_and said，“Thank you.Now I have_14.C_to show my mom.”
Chad didn't finish second semester Spanish, and he never got credit for the course.But I'd like to think that_15.B_made a difference in his life.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者工作的特许公立学校的学生Chad本来已经取得了很大的进步，但是因为一次错误，被判入狱。但作者还是坚持将“最佳进步奖”颁给了他，希望这个奖项能够改变他的人生。
1．A.a few B．many
C．plenty of D．few
解析：考查短语辨析。句意：因此，当今年5月学年结束时，自8月学校开学以来，只有几个学生坐在教室里。 A．a few有几个；B.many很多；C.plenty of许多；D.few很少，几乎没有。根据上文“students with serious problems were put in prison.” 有严重问题的学生被关进了监狱，因此只有少数几个学生在教室里。故选A项。
2．A.started B．opened
C．turned D．broke
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上题。A.started开始；B.opened打开；C.turned转向，转变；D.broke破裂。根据上文“the year ended in May”可知，学校在8月开学。故选A 项。
3．A.with B．without
C．on D．for
解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：他已经上了两次(西班牙语)课程，没有得到学分，这在学校是很常见的。 A．with有；B.without没有；C.on在……上面；D.for为了。根据上文“He started out in my first semester Spanish class.He had taken the course twice...”可知，Chad已经上了两次同一门课。这次又在作者的西班牙语班学习，说明他没有获得西班牙语的学分。故选B项。
4．A.special B．usual
C．average D．common
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上题。 A．special特别的；B.usual通常的；C.average平均的；D.common普遍的，常见的。根据上文“There students with serious problems were put in prison.”，有些学生进了监狱，说明在特许学校，学生的学习不是很好，完不成学分是一种常见的现象。故选D项。
5．A.ignored B．missed
C．spent D．wasted
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第一学期，他从未缺课过一天。A.ignored忽视；B.missed错过；C.spent花费；D.wasted浪费。根据下文“Chad earned credit for first semester Spanish and moved on to the second.” Chad获得了第一学期西班牙语的学分，然后开始了第二学期的学习。由此可知，Chad学习很认真，没有错过一天的学习；下文也提到“Chad missed several weeks of school.(Chad有几周没上学。)”，miss是词汇重复。故选B项。
6．A.change B．fear
C．trouble D．concern
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他过完圣诞假期回来时，我注意到他发生了巨大的变化。A.change改变；B.fear恐惧；C.trouble烦恼；D.concern担忧。根据下文“He was quieter and worked harder.”，Chad变得更安静了，学习更刻苦了。作者看到了他身上发生的变化。故选A项。
7．A.confirmed B．puzzled
C．prevented D．impressed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的巨大进步给我留下了深刻的印象。A.confirmed证实；B.puzzled 使困惑；C.prevented阻止；D.impressed留下印象。结合上下文语境，Chad的进步给作者留下了深刻的印象。故选D项。
8．A.shocked B．pleased
C．frightened D．terrified
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听说他破门而入别人家，我很震惊。A.shocked感到震惊的；B.pleased感到高兴的；C.frightened感到害怕的；D.terrified感到害怕的。上文提到“his big change”，Chad在学校表现很好，有了很大的进步。因此当作者知道Chad犯罪时，感到很震惊。故选A项。
9．A.Before B．Until
C．Unless D．When
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我想给他一个奖励时，一些老师说，“你应该把奖励给别人。” A．Before在……之前；B.Until直到；C.Unless除非；D.When当……时候。根据句意，此处应是when引导时间状语从句。故选D项。
10．A.Then B．But
C．Thus D．Even
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：但最后，我决定只根据Chad在我课堂上的表现来评价他。A.Then那么；B.But但是；C.Thus这样；D.Even甚至。上文提到有些老师反对将奖励给Chad；下文提到“I gave him an award for Most Improved.”，作者还是将“最佳进步奖”给了Chad。前后句子之间是语义上的转折，因此用but表示转折关系。故选B项。
11．A.made it B．got it
C．went it D．caught it
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：Chad的判决延期了，他那天去了学校。A.made it到达某地；B.got it明白；C.went it继续努力；D.caught it被责骂。根据下文“I gave him an award for Most Improved.”可知，Chad那天到了学校，短语make it to...意思为“到达某地，及时赶到”。故选A项。
12．A.excitedly B．slowly
C．normally D．hardly
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我颁给他“最佳进步奖”时，他几乎没有反应过来。A.excitedly兴奋地；B.slowly缓慢地；C.normally正常地；D.hardly几乎不。Chad根本就没有预料到老师会给他一个奖。因此当时几乎没有反应过来。故选D项。
13．A.loosely B．tightly
C．unwillingly D．narrowly
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：他紧紧地拥抱着我说：“谢谢你。现在我有东西可以给我妈妈看了。”A.loosely松散地；B.tightly紧紧地；C.unwillingly不情愿地；D.narrowly狭隘地。根据下文“Now I have_14_to show my mom.”可知，Chad非常感激作者，于是紧紧地拥抱着她。故选B项。
14．A.everything B．anything
C．something D．nothing
解析：考查代词词义辨析。句意：同上题。A.everything每一件事；B.anything任何事；C.something某物；D.nothing什么也没有。Chad觉得可以将自己获得的奖励给妈妈看。故选C项。
15．A.incident B．award
C．sentence D．hug
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我认为这个奖励改变了他的人生。A.incident事件；B.award奖励；C.sentence判决；D.hug拥抱。根据上文“I gave him an award for Most Improved.”可知，作者希望这个奖励能对他的一生有好的影响。故选B项。
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I have even wondered if money buys happiness.It seems that money will allow me to buy the things_1.that/which_make me happy.But one day I sat down and made a list of the things I wanted_2.to_do_(do) in my life.I realized I'd never put much thought into it.I'd written down these things—like taking a photo on the mountain and staying at a hotel in Dubai, but I didn't really plan to do it, _3.simply_ (simple) because I didn't have the time.
My life consisted_4.of_ heading to the office, running on the road, working some more...It didn't matter if my salary doubled; the life would stay _5.the_same.Sure I'd probably drive a _6.nicer_ (nice) car, move into a bigger place, and have a bigger TV than my friends, but that wasn't helping me realize any of my goals.Six months after_7.creating_ (create) that list, my belief has changed.I'd keep working on my list, for _8.experiences_ (experience) were much more important than any of the material items.It's not hard to create opportunity for _9.yourself_ (you)．All it _10.takes_ (take) is a little creative thinking.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的故事说明了这样一个道理：经历比物质的东西更重要。
解析：
1．考查定语从句。句意：好像钱可以让我买到使我开心的东西。_1_make me happy.是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the things，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应使用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
2．考查固定用法。句意：但是一天我坐下来，列了一个想要做的事情的清单。want to do sth.“想要做某事”是固定用法。故填to do。
3．考查副词。句意：我把这些事情写下来，比如在山上拍张照片，住在迪拜的酒店，但我并没有真正的计划去做，只是因为我没有时间。位于句首，修饰整个句子，用副词。故填simply。
4．考查固定短语。句意：我的生活是由朝办公室走、在路上跑步和做更多的工作组成。consist of“由……组成”是固定短语。故填of。
5．考查固定短语。句意：我的薪水是否翻倍并不重要；生活将保持不变。the same“同样地”是固定短语。故填the。
6．考查比较级。句意：当然，我可能会开一辆更好的车，搬到一个更大的地方，有一个比我的朋友更大的电视，但这并没有帮助我实现我的任何目标。由move into a bigger place, and have a bigger TV than my friends可知，这里应该用比较级。故填nicer。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：创建列表六个月后，我的信念已经改变了。介词after之后，应用动名词做宾语。故填creating。
8．考查名词单复数。句意：我将继续在我的清单上工作，因为经历比任何物质项目都重要得多。由were判断出来主语是复数。故填experiences。
9．考查反身代词。句意：为你自己创造机会并不困难。表示“你自己”。故填yourself。
10．考查主谓一致。句意：所需要的只是一点创造性思维。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词也要使用单数形式。故填takes。
Ⅴ.应用文写作
假定你是李华。上周你朋友的母亲病了，向你借6 000元钱。去医院的路上你不小心把钱包丢了，碰巧被一位叫莉莉的陌生人捡到了。她想方设法及时联系到你送还钱包。她的高风亮节令你深深感动。请你给莉莉写一封感谢信。内容包括：
(1)表示感谢；
(2)简单回顾事情经过；
(3)表示想要交个朋友并保持联系。
注意：(1)词数80左右；
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Dear Lily，
How is everything going I'm Li Hua.I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to you.
Last week my friend's mother fell seriously ill, for which he wanted me to lend him 6,000 yuan.But I lost my wallet on the way to the hospital，anxious and worried.Luckily, you picked up the wallet.What a coincidence! What struck me most was that you spared no efforts to contact me and finally managed to return the wallet.You have set a good example to everyone, promoting positive social energy.I will always remember this beautiful memory, and nothing can erase it.
By the way, I would like to make friends with you and keep in touch with each other.Thank you again for your kind help.
Yours，
Li Hua
