2021-2022学年甘肃省永昌县第一高级中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题第Ⅰ卷
第一部分: 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节： (共15小题, 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项
A
Volunteering abroad is a great way to help others, improve your skills and become a more confident, independent person. If you are interested in volunteering abroad, here are some places to go.
Australia
If you seek a life on the beach, in a great climate with friendly people, Australia might be your best bet. With thousands of volunteers already signing up to leave for Australia during the holidays, it will be a very popular option.
Brazil
This vast country has some great opportunities on offer and is especially popular this year. A lot of volunteer work is available in Brazil centers on conservation and ecological projects. With the world's largest rainforest in Brazil, of which huge part is in danger, there are lots of different jobs you can do.
Kenya
Kenya is the destination for those seeking an African experience. Generally volunteers in Kenya work in orphanages(孤儿院)or with local children living in slums(贫民窟). There is a great demand for volunteers in Africa because many people live in poverty, so if you truly feel like making a difference to a community, Kenya should be at the top of your list.
Costa Rica
Golden sandy beaches, clear coastlines and beautiful cities are what Costa Rica is all about. Because of its small size, you can see a lot of the country in just a short time. You can really make the most of your time as a volunteer. A lot of work is needed with wildlife and ecological work, so if you want to look after turtles on the beach, Costa Rica could be just the place for you
1. If you want to do some research about some rare trees, you will probably go to _
A. Australia
B. Kenya
C. Brazil
D. Costa Rica
2. It can be inferred from the passage that volunteers in Kenya mainly work with .
A. animals
B. plants
C. the elderly
D. children
3. If you choose to go to Costa Rica, you should .
A. work with animals on the beach
B. surf with children in the water
C. take care of trees in the forests
D. look after children who have lost their parents
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍到海外去做志愿者的四个不同的国家的志愿者所从事的不同的事情的具体信息。
1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“With the world's largest rainforest in Brazil, of which huge part is in danger, there are lots of different jobs you can do. （巴西有世界上最大的雨林，其中很大一部分处于危险之中，你可以做很多不同的工作。）”可知巴西的热带雨林正受到威胁，所以你如果对环境保护有兴趣就去巴西吧！故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Generally volunteers in Kenya work in orphanages(孤儿院)or with local children living in slums(贫民窟). （一般来说，肯尼亚的志愿者在孤儿院或贫民窟为当地儿童工作。）”可知在肯尼亚，志愿者主要是照顾孩子，故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“A lot of work is needed with wildlife and ecological work, so if you want to look after turtles on the beach, Costa Rica could be just the place for you（野生动物和生态工作需要大量的工作，所以如果你想在海滩上照顾海龟，哥斯达黎加可能是最适合你的地方）”可知在哥斯达黎加你可以照顾海龟。故选A。
B
Johnny Cash was born in 1932 in the southern state of Arkansas. His parents were poor cotton farmers. As a school boy, he began writing songs and he performed on radio programs. After high school, he joined the United States Air Force and served as a radio operator in Germany.
He returned to the United States in 1954 and formed a band with two friends and performed at local events. They began recording for Sun Records in Memphis. One of the songs Cash wrote became the first country music hit record for the company. It was “Cry Cry, Cry.”
Johnny Cash performed all across the United States and Canada. By 1958, Johnny Cash was a successful recording artist, songwriter and singer. He was invited to perform at the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, Tennessee.
Johnny Cash won many awards, including eleven Grammy Awards and the Kennedy Center Honors. He was elected to both the Country Music Hall of Fame and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. He also received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.
He died on September 12, 2003, in Nashville at the age of seventy-one.
Fans say that Johnny Cash's music was important because it told simple stories about life and death. They say he cared about social issues and continued to express support for those who are poor and without political power. One of the last songs he recorded was one made popular by the rock and roll group Nine Inch Nails. It is called “Hurt.”
4. Johnny Cash returned to the United States after ________.
A. he finished high school B. he formed a band
C. he served in US Air Force in Germany D. his song Cry, Cry, Cry became famous
5. From the passage we can infer that ________.
A. Johnny Cash performed his famous song Cry, Cry, Cry at the Grand Ole Opry
B. Johnny Cash didn't care about social problems
C. Johnny Cash's music was only loved by his fans
D. the Grand Ole Opry is a place where famous singers hold their concerts.
6. What does the underlined word “hit” mean in the second paragraph
A. Beat B. Failure C. Strike D. Success
7. Johnny Cash's songs were loved by his fans because ________.
A. he won many awards in his lifetime
B. he often performed in the Grand Ole Opry
C. his songs expressed support for the poor people with no political power
D. his songs were sung by the rock and roll group Nine Inch Nails
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了美国歌手Johnny Cash的个人经历和成就。他获得了许多奖项，包括11项格莱美奖和肯尼迪中心荣誉奖，被选入乡村音乐名人堂和摇滚名人堂。他还获得了格莱美终身成就奖。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“After high school, he joined the United States Air Force and served as a radio operator in Germany.(高中毕业后，他加入了美国空军，并在德国担任无线电操作员)”以及第二段中“He returned to the United States in 1954 and formed a band with two friends and performed at local events.(1954年，他回到美国，和两个朋友组成了一支乐队，并在当地的活动中演出)”可知，Johnny Cash在德国的美国空军服役后回到了美国。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Johnny Cash performed all across the United States and Canada. By 1958, Johnny Cash was a successful recording artist, songwriter and singer. He was invited to perform at the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, Tennessee.( Johnny Cash在美国和加拿大各地演出。到1958年，Johnny Cash已是一位成功的唱片艺术家、词曲作者和歌手。他被邀请在田纳西州纳什维尔的Grand Ole Opry表演)”可推知，Grand Ole Opry是著名歌手举行音乐会的地方。故选D。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Johnny Cash performed all across the United States and Canada.(Johnny Cash在美国和加拿大各地演出)”可知，Cash的歌取得了成功，成为该公司的第一张畅销乡村音乐唱片，故画线词意思为“成功”。A. Beat拍子；B. Failure失败；C. Strike罢工；D. Success成功。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“They say he cared about social issues and continued to express support for those who are poor and without political power.(他们说，他关心社会问题，并继续对那些贫穷和没有政治权力的人表示支持)”可知，Johnny Cash的歌曲受到歌迷的喜爱，是因为他的歌曲表达了对没有政治权力的穷人的支持。故选C。
C
School is, waking up early in the morning, whether it is hot or cold, putting on school uniform and rushing to the bus stop to catch the school bus and getting used to the words “Hurry up! You will be late!” You reach school and again the same words “Hurry up!” do not let you rest in peace.
Throughout the day, it is a mad rush. One period gets over, the other starts and you are ready for the second subject. When you forget to do your homework, you try to sit at the back and pretend to be looking for something on the floor or in your bag. You are lucky if you are not seen and it is bad luck if you get caught. If you are not lucky, be ready for a good scolding during break or after school. If you are lucky and your teacher is in a good mood, you may be left with a warning.
However, school is not so dull all the time; the games, library period and breaks are a welcome time. When you can relax, joke and have fun with your friends. There are some teachers, too, who can make school very exciting. For example, Mr. Taneja, has a typical style of talking, making us always hooked on the playground.
School can be fun, real fun, when picnics and field trips are organized. We wait for them eagerly and keep on requesting our class teacher to organize one for us. Debates, quizzes, cultural programmes also add luster to an otherwise dull school life. Fun increase after real hard work and you tend to enjoy more than those who had been lazy and have wasted their time. I think this period of your life is the most wonderful period-full of dreams and hope.
8. How is the school life described by the author in the passage
A. Dull and stressful. B. Stressful but interesting.
C. Strict and fearful. D. Annoying but funny.
9. What can we conclude according to the second paragraph
A. Some students hope to get away with their fault.
B. Teachers should be more patient to their students.
C. Some students dislike finishing their homework.
D. Teachers should reduce the amount of homework.
10. Which subject does Mr. Taneja teach at school
A. Physics. B. Language. C. Chemistry. D. Physical Education.
11. What does the underlined word “luster” mean in the passage
A. Difficulty. B. Value. C. Pleasure. D. Trouble.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，描述了既紧张、繁忙又充满乐趣的学校生活。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章首段School is, waking up early in the morning, whether it is hot or cold, putting on school uniform and rushing to the bus stop to catch the school bus and getting used to the words “Hurry up! You will be late!” You reach school and again the same words “Hurry up!” do not let you rest in peace.可知，学校就是，不管天气热还是冷，一大早就起床，穿上校服，冲到公交车站赶校车，习惯了“快点！你要迟到了！你到了学校，又一次用同样的话“快点！“不要让你安静地休息，和最后一段的School can be fun, real fun, when picnics and field trips are organized.和Debates, quizzes, cultural programmes also add luster to an otherwise dull school life.可知，野餐和实地考察是有组织的学校可以是有趣的，是真正的乐趣。辩论、测验、文化节目也为原本枯燥乏味的学校生活增添光彩。因此可以看出，学校生活既紧张又有趣，故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的When you forget to do your homework, you try to sit at the back and pretend to be looking for something on the floor or in your bag. You are lucky if you are not seen and it is bad luck if you get caught. If you are not lucky, be ready for a good scolding during break or after school. If you are lucky and your teacher is in a good mood, you may be left with a warning.可知，当你忘了做作业时，你试着坐在后面，假装在地板上或包里找东西。如果你不被看见你是幸运的，如果你被抓住了，那就是坏运气。如果你运气不好，准备好在课间休息或放学后挨骂。如果你运气好，你的老师心情很好，你可能会受到警告，因此可以推出，在忘写作业时，学生假装低头找东西是为了不让老师看到自己，逃脱老师的批评，也就是希望自己的过错不受惩罚，故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的There are some teachers, too, who can make school very exciting. For example, Mr. Taneja, has a typical style of talking, making us always hooked on the playground.可知，也有一些老师，他们可以使学校非常令人兴奋。例如，Mr. Taneja先生有一种典型的谈话风格，使我们总是沉迷于操场上。由此可以推出，Mr. Taneja 很可能是一位体育老师，故选D。
【11题详解】
猜测词义题。最后一段的第一句谈到“picnics and field trips” 野餐和实地考察是学生喜欢的事情；本句中的also表明luster也属于学生喜欢的因素，所以愉快符合题意，因此选C。
D
The measure of a good night's sleep is usually based on two things—the amount of time spent sleeping and the quality of that sleep. But now researchers say there is a third thing that matters even more than the other two when it comes to keeping good sleep habits, and that is having a regular bedtime.
A study has found that going to sleep and waking up at the same time every day have an important effect on one's health. Adults who stick to a regular bedtime tend to weigh less, have lower blood sugar and reduced risk of heart disease.
The researchers studied the sleeping habits of 2,000 adults with an average age of 69. They found that people with greater irregularity in their sleep patterns tended to go to sleep later at night,feel sleepy and sleep more during the day, and experienced reduced light exposure. These people were also more likely to be stressful. Among the three kinds of sleep problems, sleep regularity was the most strongly associated with health.
Of course ,there are many people for whom this may be impossible, such as night-shift workers or those with late-night duty. But for those who don't have mandatory(强制的) reasons to stay up late, they should make an effort to go to bed at the same time every night. Skip the late afternoon coffee.Get off the phone.Try this calculator to figure out the best bedtime.
As Matthew Walker, a scientist, wrote, "The shorter your sleep, the shorter your life. "Surely that's reason enough to go to bed on time.
12. What can we infer from the research
A. Adults enjoy sleeping late.
B. The old often have less sleep.
C. Poor sleep has a lot to do with our health.
D. The older you ar , the more stressed you feel.
13. Which of the following helps us have a good sleep
A. Giving up jobs. B. Drinking coffee.
C. Turning off our cell phones. D. Using a clock to wake us up.
14. Why are Matthew Walker's words mentioned
A. To show the importance of the good sleep.
B. To tell us how to make our life colorful.
C. To tell us how long we should sleep every day.
D. To present disadvantages of going to bed on time.
15. What's the best title for the text
A. The Importance of Sleep B. The Suitable Time for Sleep
C Ways to Have a Good Sleep D. Stick to a Regular Bedtime
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员发现有规律的睡眠有助于提高我们的睡眠质量。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A study has found that going to sleep and waking up at the same time every day have an important effect on one's health. Adults who stick to a regular bedtime tend to weigh less , have lower blood sugar and reduced risk of heart disease.（一项研究发现，每天在同一时间睡觉和起床对一个人的健康有重要的影响。坚持规律就寝的成年人往往体重较轻，血糖较低，患心脏病的风险也较低）”和文章第三段“They found that people with greater irregularity in their sleep patterns tended to go to sleep later at night, feel sleepy and sleep more during the day , and experienced reduced light exposure. These people were also more likely to be stressful（他们发现，睡眠模式更不规律的人往往晚上睡得更晚，白天感觉困倦，睡得更多，接触到的光线也更少。这些人也更有可能有压力）”可推知，研究发现睡眠不足会导致我们第二天身心疲惫， 继而会出现各种健康问题。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Get off the phone.（关闭手机）”可知，关闭手机有助于我们获得好的睡眠。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“"The shorter your sleep , the shorter your life."Surely that's reason enough to get to bed on time.（“你的睡眠时间越短，你的寿命就越短。”当然，这个理由足够让你准时上床睡觉了）”可推知，科学家Matthew Walker想要表明睡眠的重要性。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“But now researchers say there is a third thing that matters even more than the other two when it comes to keeping good sleep habits , and that is having a regular bedtime.（但现在研究人员表示，要保持良好的睡眠习惯，还有第三件事比前两件更重要，那就是有规律的就寝时间）”和文章第二段“A study has found that going to sleep and waking up at the same time every day have an important effect on one's health.（一项研究发现，每天在同一时间睡觉和起床对一个人的健康有重要的影响）”可知，文章介绍关于睡眠的一种新发现：有规律的睡眠时间有益于我们获得优质的睡眠，故D项“坚持规律的睡眠”最适合作标题。故选D。
第二节:（共5小题, 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Being first in your class is a goal that you can achieve. ____16____ .Try these tips along your way to help you get that first rank in your school.
Read beyond assigned reading. ____17____.But to pull ahead to the first rank you also need to read books that can provide extra information you need. If you're studying World War Ⅱ, for example, read biographies(传记) of the important people.
Participate in teamwork in class. Be a part of group discussion, and volunteer for extra projects and teams. ____18____. If the class has a debating team, take part in it often and come prepared with notes for every debate.
____19____ If you feel that you are having trouble grasping certain topics, don't struggle until your grades begin to slip. Turn to the teachers if necessary.
Stay physically fit. Get plenty of exercise either through team or individual activities. Eat well, drink lots of water and get plenty of sleep. ____20____.But be self-disciplined(自律的).
A. Ask for help when necessary.
B. Finish your homework in time
C. But you must set it for yourself early.
D. Take leadership roles whenever they're offered
E. Doing all of your assigned reading is important
F. Spend time outdoors and away from your studies.
G. Concentrate on what your teacher explains to grasp the main points.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述成为班里第一名的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“Being first in your class is a goal that you can achieve. （成为班里的第一名是你可以实现的目标。）” 和C选项“但是你必须早点为自己设定好。”相呼应，并且C选项中的it指代上文的a goal，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据下文“But to pull ahead to the first rank, you also need to read books that can provide extra information you need.（但要想挤进第一名，你还需要阅读那些能提供你所需额外信息的书籍。）”可推断上文和阅读有关，并且前后还互为转折关系，E选项“完成所有指定的阅读是很重要的。”切题，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Be a part of group discussion, and volunteer for extra projects and teams.（参加小组讨论，自愿参加额外的项目和团队。）”可知下文和参加团队有关，D选项“只要有机会，就担任领导角色”，选项中的they指的是团队，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据下文“If you feel that you are having trouble grasping certain topics, don't struggle until your grades begin to slip. Turn to the teachers if necessary. （如果你觉得你在掌握某些话题上有困难，不要在成绩开始下滑之前苦苦挣扎。如有必要，请向老师求助。）”由此可推断上文要寻求帮助，A选项“必要时寻求帮助。”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Get plenty of exercise either through team or individual activities. Eat well, drink lots of water and get plenty of sleep.（保持身体健康。通过团队或个人活动获得足够的锻炼。吃好，多喝水，保证充足的睡眠。）”可知本段主要讲学习以外要做的事情，F选项“花时间在户外，远离你的学习。”切题，故选F。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
Owura Kwadwo Hottish teaches computer science in a school. It is a normal school except for the fact that it didn’t have ____21____.
Owura became famous after he posted photos of him on the Internet. In the picture, people could see he was teaching his students by ____22____ an entire computer on the blackboard. The photos showed the ____23____ level of education for children in Ghana. People were ____24____ that Owura made sure each button was drawn correctly.
He would come to school half an hour ahead of ____25____ every day. He drew the computer on the blackboard, but at the end of his class, it was ____26____ off to start the next class, so he had to ____27____ it the next day!
Owura’s efforts ____28____ when Microsoft (微软公司) took ____29____ of his act. They first took him to an international educators’ meeting in Singapore. He made a ____30____ about his teaching methods at the meeting and ____31____ a standing ovation (致敬) after the speech.
____32____, Owura got the thing he always wanted for his students—some companies ____33____ computers to the school. Not a single child in the school had seen a real computer in their lives. Thanks to their teacher’s ____34____, the world took notice and responded with ____35____ to them.
21. A. classrooms B. computers C. playgrounds D. tools
22. A. operating B. repairing C. describing D. drawing
23. A. poor B. clear C. ancient D. lucky
24. A. worried B. disappointed C. afraid D. surprised
25. A. line B. culture C. schedule D. school
26. A. rubbed B. called C. cut D. shown
27. A. stress B. improve C. ruin D. repeat
28. A. broke out B. paid off C. came back D. held back
29. A. care B. charge C. place D. notice
30. A. plan B. speech C. decision D. medal
31. A. made B. waited C. received D. carried
32. A. Suddenly B. Importantly C. Hopelessly D. Strangely
33. A. lent B. sold C. donated D. applied
34. A. efforts B. pains C. humor D. doubt
35. A. wisdom B. honesty C. kindness D. pride
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了经过奥武拉老师的努力，全世界都注意到了这个学校，成功帮到了这些孩子。
【21题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：这是一所普通学校，只是学校没有电脑。A. classrooms 教室；B. computers电脑；C. playgrounds操场；D. tools工具。根据下文的“ he was teaching his students by 2 an entire computer on the blackboard. ”可知这所学校没有电脑。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：在图中，人们可以看到他在黑板上画了一台电脑来教学生。A. operating操作；B. repairing修理；C. describing描述；D. drawing画。根据下文的“He drew the computer on the blackboard”可知，此处用draw“画”符合语境。draw是原词复现。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：照片显示加纳儿童的教育水平很差。A. poor穷的，差的；B. clear清晰的；C. ancient 古代的；D. lucky幸运的。结合上文老师在黑板上画电脑，可知加纳的教育水平很差。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：人们惊奇地发现，奥武拉确保每个按钮都画对了。A. worried担心的；B. disappointed失望的；C. afraid害怕的；D. surprised吃惊的。结合常识可知，电脑和键盘上有很多按钮和键，他都画正确了，这是让人吃惊的地方。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：他每天会提前半小时来学校。A. line 线路；B. culture文化；C. schedule时间表；D. school学校。根据下文的“He drew the computer on the blackboard”可知，他要把电脑画在黑板上，由此推知他要比正常上班时间早到。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他把电脑画在黑板上，但下课时，电脑要被擦掉以便开始下一堂课，所以第二天他必须重复一遍！A. rubbed擦；B. called叫，打电话；C. cut 切；D. shown展示。根据下文的“ to start the next class”可知，为了开始下一堂课，画的电脑必须被擦掉。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他把电脑画在黑板上，但下课时，电脑要被擦掉以便开始下一堂课，所以第二天他必须重复一遍！A. stress强调；B. improve 改善；C. ruin摧毁；D. repeat重复。根据常识可知，上课要用到画的电脑，而其他课开始之前又必须擦掉，故他只能第二天重复画一次。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当微软注意到奥武拉的行为时，他的努力得到了回报。A. broke out爆发；B. paid off回报；C. came back回来；D. held back抑制。根据下文的“They first took him to an international educators’ meeting in Singapore.”和“some companies 13 computers to the school.”可知，不仅微软公司邀请他去参加一个国际教育家会议，而且还有公司给学校送来了电脑，即他的努力得到了回报。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：当微软注意到奥武拉的行为时，他的努力得到了回报。A. care关心；B. charge掌握；C. place地方；D. notice注意。根据下文的“They first took him to an international educators’ meeting in Singapore.”可知，微软公司邀请他去参加一个国际教育家会议，由此推知该公司注意到了他，take notice of“注意到”。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：他在会上就他的教学方法作了发言，演讲结束后，他受到了全场起立鼓掌。A. plan 计划；B. speech发言；C. decision决定；D. medal奖牌。根据下文的“ after the speech.”可知，此处用speech“发言”符合语境，speech是原词复现。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他在会上就他的教学方法作了发言，演讲结束后，他受到了全场起立鼓掌。A. made制作；B. waited等待；C. received收到；D. carried携带。结合整篇语境和下文的“ a standing ovation (致敬) ”可知，他的发言受到了大家的肯定和致敬。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：重要的是，奥武拉得到了他一直想要的东西，一些公司给学校捐赠了电脑。A. Suddenly突然；B. Importantly重要的是；C. Hopelessly绝望地；D. Strangely奇怪地。结合上下文可知，比起发言受到大家的肯定，对于他来说，更重要的是有人给学校捐赠了电脑。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：重要的是，奥武拉得到了他一直想要的东西，一些公司给学校捐赠了电脑。A. lent借出；B. sold卖；C. donated捐赠；D. applied申请，应用。结合上下文可知，此处是指一些公司在了解到他所在学校的困境后，主动捐赠电脑给该学校。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：多亏了老师努力，全世界都注意到了他们，并对他们报以善意。A. efforts努力；B. pains 痛苦；C. humor 幽默；D. doubt怀疑。上文所讲述的奥武拉在黑板上画电脑教孩子们，以及去发表讲话，都是他的努力。且上文的“Owura’s efforts 8 when Microsoft (微软公司) took 9 of his act. ”也有提示，effort是原词复现。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：多亏了老师的努力，全世界都注意到了他们，并对他们报以善意。A. wisdom智慧；B. honesty诚实；C. kindness善意；D. pride骄傲。根据上文的“some companies 13 computers to the school. ”可知，一些公司给学校捐赠了电脑，这是他们的善意。故选C。
【点睛】
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nobody____36____(like) to lose, but we must accept that losing is part of life. After all, we can’t win all the time. Although losing is unpleasant, it can be a positive thing. We can learn from every failure, which may help us succeed in the future. But first we must know____37____to be a good loser.
For one thing, we should take a positive attitude towards it. We can begin by realizing that losing is sometimes unavoidable. Therefore, we don’t need to be____38____ (embarrass). We must correct our mistakes and try again. ____39____is known to all, practice makes perfect. If we practise ____40____ (lose) by creating challenges for____41____ (we), we will never be afraid of failure. For another, we should be polite when we lose. If we offer our congratulations to the winner and share his or her____42____ (happy), our disappointment will____43____ (sure) go away.
All____44____all, being a good loser will help us to succeed in life. It might be painful at first, but there are many benefits. Good losers_____45_____ (respect) and admired and, most importantly, they win in the end.
【答案】36. likes
37. how 38. embarrassed
39. As 40. losing
41. ourselves
42. happiness
43. surely 44. in
45. are respected
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们如何成为一个好的失败者。
【36题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：没有人喜欢失败，但我们必须接受失败是生活的一部分。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子主语“Nobody”为不定代词，谓语动词用单数，“like”意为“喜欢”，动词词性，三单形式为“likes”。故填likes。
【37题详解】
考查“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构。句意：但首先我们必须知道如何成为一个好的失败者。分析句子可知，句中涉及“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，作“know”的宾语，根据下文内容可知，下文介绍的是“如何”成为一个好的失败者，故空格处应用“how”，意为“如何，怎样”。故填how。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：因此，我们不必感到尴尬。分析句子可知，“be”后应接形容词，表示状态，“embarrass”意为“尴尬”，动词词性，句子主语“we”代指人，故空格处应用“embarrassed”，意为“尴尬的”，形容词词性，修饰人。故填embarrassed。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，熟能生巧。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，“as is known to all”意为“众所周知”，故空格处应用“as”引导从句，意为“正如”，放在句首，用来修饰后面整个句子，句首单词首字母大写。故填As。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如果我们通过给自己制造挑战来练习失败，我们将永远不会害怕失败。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“practise doing sth.”，意为“练习做某事”，“practise”后接动名词作宾语，“lose”意为“失败”，动词词性，动名词形式为“losing”。故填losing。
【41题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：如果我们通过给自己制造挑战来练习失败，我们将永远不会害怕失败。根据句意可知，句中指给“自己”制造挑战，故空格处应用反身代词，“we”意为“我们”，为人称代词主格，对应的反身代词为“ourselves”，意为“我们自己”。故填ourselves。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果我们向获胜者表示祝贺并分享他或她的快乐，我们的失望肯定会消失。根据句意可知，句中“his”和“her”为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，在句中作宾语，“happy”意为“快乐的”，形容词词性，对应的名词为“happiness”，意为“快乐，幸福”，为不可数名词。故填happiness。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：如果我们向获胜者表示祝贺并分享他或她的快乐，我们的失望肯定会消失。根据句意可知，句中“go away”为动词短语，前面应用副词修饰，“sure”意为“肯定的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“surely”，意为“必定，无疑”。故填surely。
【44题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：总之，做一个好的失败者将帮助我们在生活中取得成功。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“all in all”，意为“总之”，故空格处应用“in”。故填in。
【45题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：好的失败者受到尊重和钦佩，最重要的是，他们最终会赢。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，且句子主语“losers”与“respect”之间为被动关系，故句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语“losers”为可数名词复数形式，与“are”连用，“respect”意为“尊敬”，动词词性，过去分词为“respected”。故填are respected。
第三部分 书面表达（满分25分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校英语角拟举行一次英文演讲比赛，需要两名主持人(host)。 你对此很感兴趣。请你用英语给外籍负责人布朗先生写一封自荐信，内容包括:
1.个人基本情况;
2.口语水平;
3.相关经验。
注意: 1. 词数120左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Brown,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Brown,
I ’ve learnt that two hosts are needed for the coming English speech contest. I would like very much to be one of them.
I’m Li Hua, a handsome boy of about 180cmin height. As a hard-working student, I have a good command of English, especially spoken English. I have won first prize in many English speech contests. What’ s more, I have been the host of English parties since I entered junior high school. It gave me much experience in hosting big events. So I believe I can do the job perfectly.
I’ m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本文书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封自荐信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文是一封自荐信：假定你是李华，你校英语角拟举行一次英文演讲比赛，需要两名主持人(host)。 你对此很感兴趣。请你用英语给外籍负责人布朗先生写一封自荐信，内容包括:1.个人基本情况；2.口语水平；3.相关经验。
第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：the coming English speech contest（即将到来的英语演讲比赛）；a handsome boy of about 180cmin height（一个大约1.8米的英俊男孩）；have a good command of English（精通英语）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文是一封自荐信，内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。I ’ve learnt that two hosts are needed for the coming English speech contest.句中使用宾语从句；I’m Li Hua, a handsome boy of about 180cmin height. 句中运用同位语；I have been the host of English parties since I entered junior high school.句中使用since引导的时间状语从句。永昌县第一高级中学2021-2022-1期中试卷
高一英语
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分: 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节： (共15小题, 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项
A
Volunteering abroad is a great way to help others, improve your skills and become a more confident, independent person. If you are interested in volunteering abroad, here are some places to go.
Australia
If you seek a life on the beach, in a great climate with friendly people, Australia might be your best bet. With thousands of volunteers already signing up to leave for Australia during the holidays, it will be a very popular option.
Brazil
This vast country has some great opportunities on offer and is especially popular this year. A lot of volunteer work is available in Brazil centers on conservation and ecological projects. With the world's largest rainforest in Brazil, of which huge part is in danger, there are lots of different jobs you can do.
Kenya
Kenya is the destination for those seeking an African experience. Generally volunteers in Kenya work in orphanages(孤儿院)or with local children living in slums(贫民窟). There is a great demand for volunteers in Africa because many people live in poverty, so if you truly feel like making a difference to a community, Kenya should be at the top of your list.
Costa Rica
Golden sandy beaches, clear coastlines and beautiful cities are what Costa Rica is all about. Because of its small size, you can see a lot of the country in just a short time. You can really make the most of your time as a volunteer. A lot of work is needed with wildlife and ecological work, so if you want to look after turtles on the beach, Costa Rica could be just the place for you
1. If you want to do some research about some rare trees, you will probably go to _
A. Australia
B. Kenya
C. Brazil
D. Costa Rica
2. It can be inferred from the passage that volunteers in Kenya mainly work with .
A. animals
B. plants
C. the elderly
D. children
3. If you choose to go to Costa Rica, you should .
A. work with animals on the beach
B. surf with children in the water
C. take care of trees in the forests
D. look after children who have lost their parents
B
Johnny Cash was born in 1932 in the southern state of Arkansas. His parents were poor cotton farmers. As a school boy, he began writing songs and he performed on radio programs. After high school, he joined the United States Air Force and served as a radio operator in Germany.
He returned to the United States in 1954 and formed a band with two friends and performed at local events. They began recording for Sun Records in Memphis. One of the songs Cash wrote became the first country music hit record for the company. It was “Cry, Cry, Cry.”
Johnny Cash performed all across the United States and Canada. By 1958, Johnny Cash was a successful recording artist, songwriter and singer. He was invited to perform at the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, Tennessee.
Johnny Cash won many awards, including eleven Grammy Awards and the Kennedy Center Honors. He was elected to both the Country Music Hall of Fame and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. He also received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.
He died on September 12, 2003, in Nashville at the age of seventy-one.
Fans say that Johnny Cash's music was important because it told simple stories about life and death. They say he cared about social issues and continued to express support for those who are poor and without political power. One of the last songs he recorded was one made popular by the rock and roll group Nine Inch Nails. It is called “Hurt.”
4. Johnny Cash returned to the United States after ________.
A. he finished high school B. he formed a band
C. he served in US Air Force in Germany D. his song Cry, Cry, Cry became famous
5. From the passage we can infer that ________.
A. Johnny Cash performed his famous song Cry, Cry, Cry at the Grand Ole Opry
B. Johnny Cash didn't care about social problems
C. Johnny Cash's music was only loved by his fans
D. the Grand Ole Opry is a place where famous singers hold their concerts.
6. What does the underlined word “hit” mean in the second paragraph
A. Beat B. Failure C. Strike D. Success
7. Johnny Cash's songs were loved by his fans because ________.
A. he won many awards in his lifetime
B. he often performed in the Grand Ole Opry
C. his songs expressed support for the poor people with no political power
D. his songs were sung by the rock and roll group Nine Inch Nails
C
School is, waking up early in the morning, whether it is hot or cold, putting on school uniform and rushing to the bus stop to catch the school bus and getting used to the words “Hurry up! You will be late!” You reach school and again the same words “Hurry up!” do not let you rest in peace.
Throughout the day, it is a mad rush. One period gets over, the other starts and you are ready for the second subject. When you forget to do your homework, you try to sit at the back and pretend to be looking for something on the floor or in your bag. You are lucky if you are not seen and it is bad luck if you get caught. If you are not lucky, be ready for a good scolding during break or after school. If you are lucky and your teacher is in a good mood, you may be left with a warning.
However, school is not so dull all the time; the games, library period and breaks are a welcome time. When you can relax, joke and have fun with your friends. There are some teachers, too, who can make school very exciting. For example, Mr. Taneja, has a typical style of talking, making us always hooked on the playground.
School can be fun, real fun, when picnics and field trips are organized. We wait for them eagerly and keep on requesting our class teacher to organize one for us. Debates, quizzes, cultural programmes also add luster to an otherwise dull school life. Fun increase after real hard work and you tend to enjoy more than those who had been lazy and have wasted their time. I think this period of your life is the most wonderful period-full of dreams and hope.
8. How is the school life described by the author in the passage
A. Dull and stressful. B. Stressful but interesting.
C. Strict and fearful. D. Annoying but funny.
9 What can we conclude according to the second paragraph
A. Some students hope to get away with their fault.
B. Teachers should be more patient to their students.
C. Some students dislike finishing their homework.
D Teachers should reduce the amount of homework.
10. Which subject does Mr. Taneja teach at school
A. Physics. B. Language. C. Chemistry. D. Physical Education.
11. What does the underlined word “luster” mean in the passage
A. Difficulty. B. Value. C. Pleasure. D. Trouble.
D
The measure of a good night's sleep is usually based on two things—the amount of time spent sleeping and the quality of that sleep. But now researchers say there is a third thing that matters even more than the other two when it comes to keeping good sleep habits, and that is having a regular bedtime.
A study has found that going to sleep and waking up at the same time every day have an important effect on one's health. Adults who stick to a regular bedtime tend to weigh less, have lower blood sugar and reduced risk of heart disease.
The researchers studied the sleeping habits of 2,000 adults with an average age of 69. They found that people with greater irregularity in their sleep patterns tended to go to sleep later at night,feel sleepy and sleep more during the day, and experienced reduced light exposure. These people were also more likely to be stressful. Among the three kinds of sleep problems, sleep regularity was the most strongly associated with health.
Of course ,there are many people for whom this may be impossible, such as night-shift workers or those with late-night duty. But for those who don't have mandatory(强制的) reasons to stay up late, they should make an effort to go to bed at the same time every night. Skip the late afternoon coffee.Get off the phone.Try this calculator to figure out the best bedtime.
As Matthew Walker, a scientist, wrote, "The shorter your sleep, the shorter your life. "Surely that's reason enough to go to bed on time.
12. What can we infer from the research
A. Adults enjoy sleeping late.
B. The old often have less sleep.
C. Poor sleep has a lot to do with our health.
D. The older you ar , the more stressed you feel.
13. Which of the following helps us have a good sleep
A. Giving up jobs. B. Drinking coffee.
C. Turning off our cell phones. D. Using a clock to wake us up.
14. Why are Matthew Walker's words mentioned
A. To show the importance of the good sleep.
B To tell us how to make our life colorful.
C. To tell us how long we should sleep every day.
D. To present disadvantages of going to bed on time.
15. What's the best title for the text
A. The Importance of Sleep B. The Suitable Time for Sleep
C. Ways to Have a Good Sleep D. Stick to a Regular Bedtime
第二节:（共5小题, 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Being first in your class is a goal that you can achieve. ____16____ .Try these tips along your way to help you get that first rank in your school.
Read beyond assigned reading. ____17____.But to pull ahead to the first rank, you also need to read books that can provide extra information you need. If you're studying World War Ⅱ, for example, read biographies(传记) of the important people.
Participate in teamwork in class. Be a part of group discussion, and volunteer for extra projects and teams. ____18____. If the class has a debating team, take part in it often and come prepared with notes for every debate.
____19____ If you feel that you are having trouble grasping certain topics, don't struggle until your grades begin to slip. Turn to the teachers if necessary.
Stay physically fit. Get plenty of exercise either through team or individual activities. Eat well, drink lots of water and get plenty of sleep. ____20____.But be self-disciplined(自律的).
A. Ask for help when necessary.
B. Finish your homework in time
C. But you must set it for yourself early.
D. Take leadership roles whenever they're offered
E. Doing all of your assigned reading is important
F. Spend time outdoors and away from your studies.
G. Concentrate on what your teacher explains to grasp the main points.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
Owura Kwadwo Hottish teaches computer science in a school. It is a normal school except for the fact that it didn’t have ____21____.
Owura became famous after he posted photos of him on the Internet. In the picture, people could see he was teaching his students by ____22____ an entire computer on the blackboard. The photos showed the ____23____ level of education for children in Ghana. People were ____24____ that Owura made sure each button was drawn correctly.
He would come to school half an hour ahead of ____25____ every day. He drew the computer on the blackboard, but at the end of his class, it was ____26____ off to start the next class, so he had to ____27____ it the next day!
Owura’s efforts ____28____ when Microsoft (微软公司) took ____29____ of his act. They first took him to an international educators’ meeting in Singapore. He made a ____30____ about his teaching methods at the meeting and ____31____ a standing ovation (致敬) after the speech.
____32____ Owura got the thing he always wanted for his students—some companies ____33____ computers to the school. Not a single child in the school had seen a real computer in their lives. Thanks to their teacher’s ____34____, the world took notice and responded with ____35____ to them.
21 A. classrooms B. computers C. playgrounds D. tools
22. A. operating B. repairing C. describing D. drawing
23. A. poor B. clear C. ancient D. lucky
24. A. worried B. disappointed C. afraid D. surprised
25. A. line B. culture C. schedule D. school
26. A. rubbed B. called C. cut D. shown
27. A. stress B. improve C. ruin D. repeat
28. A. broke out B. paid off C. came back D. held back
29. A. care B. charge C. place D. notice
30. A. plan B. speech C. decision D. medal
31. A. made B. waited C. received D. carried
32. A. Suddenly B. Importantly C. Hopelessly D. Strangely
33. A. lent B. sold C. donated D. applied
34. A. efforts B. pains C. humor D. doubt
35. A. wisdom B. honesty C. kindness D. pride
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nobody____36____(like) to lose, but we must accept that losing is part of life. After all, we can’t win all the time. Although losing is unpleasant, it can be a positive thing. We can learn from every failure, which may help us succeed in the future. But first we must know____37____to be a good loser.
For one thing, we should take a positive attitude towards it. We can begin by realizing that losing is sometimes unavoidable. Therefore, we don’t need to be____38____ (embarrass). We must correct our mistakes and try again. ____39____is known to all, practice makes perfect. If we practise ____40____ (lose) by creating challenges for____41____ (we), we will never be afraid of failure. For another, we should be polite when we lose. If we offer our congratulations to the winner and share his or her____42____ (happy), our disappointment will____43____ (sure) go away.
All____44____all, being a good loser will help us to succeed in life. It might be painful at first, but there are many benefits. Good losers_____45_____ (respect) and admired and, most importantly, they win in the end.
第三部分 书面表达（满分25分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校英语角拟举行一次英文演讲比赛，需要两名主持人(host)。 你对此很感兴趣。请你用英语给外籍负责人布朗先生写一封自荐信，内容包括:
1.个人基本情况;
2.口语水平;
3.相关经验。
注意: 1. 词数120左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Brown,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
