2022届高考英语二轮复习：非谓语动词（一）学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：非谓语动词（一）学案（含答案） |  | |
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高考语法讲解
第四讲 非谓语动词（一）— 不定式
适用学科 英语 适用年级 高三
适用区域 全国 课时时长（分钟） 2 课时/120 分钟
知识点 动词不定式作主语动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作表语动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作定语动词不定式作状语动词不定式省略to的情况只能接不定式的动词
学习目标 知识：熟悉非谓语动词中不定式的灵活运用方法。方法：分析不定式在句子中所充当的不同成分。能力：提升学生的语言运用能力，规范不定式在句子中的正确使用。
学习重点 不定式充当句子中的主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语和表语
学习难点 不定式作句子中的定语或状语
教学过程
一、复习预习
1、教师引导学生复习上节课所学的重点内容，并采用提问的方式将上节课的重难点进行复习和巩固记忆；
2、针对上节课的作业进行订正、提问或讨论，将集中出错的地方进行分析和进一步记忆。
二、知识讲解
知识点 1：动词不定式的形式：
动词不定式 →肯定式：to + do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
→否定式：not / never + to do
以 do 为例，动词不定式的构成如下：
时态/语态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing to be being done
完成式 to have done to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing 无
（一）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在 谓语动词动作之
后。
Eg: The patient asked to be operated on at once. 病人要求马上手术。
The teacher ordered the work to be done. 老师要求完成工作。
（二）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，
Eg: The boy pretended to be working hard. 男孩假装工作得很努力。
（三）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，
Eg: I happened to have been taken to the cinema. 我偶然被带去过电影院。
（四）完成进行式：不定式的完成进行式表示谓语动作之前一直在进行的动作，
Eg: The battle was said to have been going on for two days. 据说这场战争持续了两天。
知识点 2：不定式的句法功能
（1）作主语
Eg: To lose your heart means failure. 灰心丧气意味着失败。
注意：动词不定式短语作句子主语时，常用 it 作形式主语 ( http: / / www. / )，真正的主语不定式置于句后，
Eg: It is difficult to get up early every morning. 每天早晨都很早起床是件困难的事情。
【易错点】常用句式有：
1、It + be 动词 + 名词 + to do sth.
2、It + be 动词 + 形容词 + of /for sb. + to do sth.
careless, clever, foolish, honest, kind, nice, wise 等表示赞扬或批评的形容词+of sb.
necessary, difficult, easy 等描述事物的形容词+for sb.
Eg: It is very kind of you to help me. 你能帮助我，真是太好了。
It is necessary for us to discuss this problem again. 我们有必要把这个问题再讨论一遍。
（2）作宾语：
常用不定式作宾语的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, afford, arrange 等。
Eg: How did you manage to finish it so soon 你是怎么设法这么快就完成这件事的？
注意：如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用 it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语
（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，常见的词有：think, feel, expect, make, suppose, find 等。
Eg: Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
Marx 觉得研究俄罗斯的情况比较困难。
（3）作定语：
位置：动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。
Eg: I have a meeting to attend. 我有一个会议要参加。
注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，
Eg: He found a good house to live in.
The child has nothing to worry about. What did you open it with
如果不定式修饰 time, place 或 way，可以省略介词：
Eg: He has no place to live.
This is the best way to work out this problem.
【考查点】不定式的被动形式 to be done 修饰名词，表示将来时间的被动。
Eg: The book to be published next week is about our local culture.
（4）作状语：
① 表目的，常译成“为了”，不定式一般放在主句之后，但为了强调目的也可放在句首。
Eg: We should do whatever we can to help them.
To save money, he has tried every means.
注意：不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：
wrong: To save money, every means has been tried.
② 表结果（往往是与预期愿望相反的结果）：常用搭配 only to do sth，
Eg: He arrived late only to find the train had gone.
I visited him only to find him out.
③表原因：adj. + to do sth.
Eg: They were very sad to hear the news.
（5）作宾语补足语：
在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，补充说明作宾语的名词或代词的动作或状态，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite , expect, prefer, encourage 等。
Eg: Their parents prefer them to be home early. My parents don’t allow me to go out at night.
【易错点】注意：不定式省略 to 的情况→在使役动词（make, let, have）或感官动词（see, hear, observe, notice, feel, watch）后面的宾语补足语要省略 to，例如：He had his son clean the car. / She noticed the man look at her a couple of times. 但若这些动词用于被动语态或不定式用于完成式时，其后的不定式要带 to，
Eg: I noticed her to have come early. / He was seen to enter the building.
（6）作表语：不定式作表语经常表示的是谓语动词之后的动作，
Eg: The aim of this competition is to improve your listening and speaking ability.
这次比赛的目的是提升你们的听说能力。
例题精析
【例题 1】I hurried to the meeting hall, only_________that the meeting had been put off.
A．to tell B．to be told C．telling D．told
【答案】B
【解析】only to do 为不定式作结果状语，且 I 与 tell 为被动关系，因此用不定式的被动语态。
【例题2】Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears_________everything.
A．to tell B．to be told C．to be telling D．to have been told
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查不定式的用法。分析第一句可知，she 与 tell 之间存在被动关系，故排除A、C 两项；由两句之间的逻辑可知，母亲已知一切，再隐瞒是没有用的，故一定要告诉母亲一切真相，所以选D。B 表示将要被告知，不合题意。
【例题3】Little Tom should love_________to the theater this evening.
A．to be taken B．to take C．being taken D．taking
【答案】A
【解析】little Tom 和 take 之间存在被动关系，Tom 是被带去剧院，因此排除 B、D 选项。而且Tom 是今天晚上将要被带去剧院，因此答案是A，不定式表示将来。
【例题 4】Many people stood near the bus stop, nervously waiting_________.
A．to pick up B．picking up C．to be picked up D．being picked up
【答案】C
【解析】这里用不定式作目的状语，且 people 和 pick up 为被动关系，因此用不定式的被动语态。
四、课堂运用
【基础】
( )1、、、、、、、、、 ________the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
A. Catching B. Caught C. To catch D. Catch
( )2、 _________more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
A. Learn B. Learned C. To learn D. To be learning
( )3、 Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students_________what is bothering them.
A. to talk over B. talked over C. talk over D. having talked over
( )4、I stopped the car_________a short break as I was feeling tired.
A．take B．taking C．to take D．taken
( )5、Tom took a taxi to the airport, only_________his plane high up in the sky.
A．finding B．to find C．being found D．to have found
( )6、Volunteering gives you a chance_________lives, including your own.
A．change B．changing C．changed D．to change
答案：1-6 CCACBD
【巩固】
( )7、Every minute is made full use of_________our lessons.
A．studying B．to study C．study D．being studied
( )8、--Did the book give the information you needed
--Yes, But_________ it, I had to read the entire book.
A．to find B．find C．to be finding D．finding
( )9、I feel greatly honored_________into their society.
A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed
( )10、The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported_________the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.
A．breaking B．having broken C．to have broken D．to break
答案：7-10 BACC
【拔高】
( )11、--Look, there are many dead fish in the river.
--We must do everything we can_________waste water from running into rivers.
A．keep B．kept C．to keep D．keeping
( )12、My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle_________to balance it.
A．having tried B．trying C．to try D．tried
( )13、He spent every minute he could spare on books_________an entrance prize to a college.
A．to win B．won C．winning D．wining
答案：11-13 CBA
课后作业
【基础】
( )1、There is nothing more I can try_________you to stay, so I wish you good luck.
A．being persuaded B．persuading C．to be persuaded D．to persuade
( )2、If there’s a lot of work_________. I’m happy to just keep on until it is finished.
A．to do B．to be doing C．done D．doing
( )3、--What’s the matter with Tim
--Oh, Tim’s cell phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never_________again.
A．to find B．to be found C．finding D．being found
答案：1-3 DAB
【巩固】
( )1、He suggested the person referred_________put into prison.
A．is B．be C．to be D．should be
( )2、Group activities will be organized after class_________children develop team spirit.
A．helping B．having helped C．helped D．to help
( )3、There are still many problems_________ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A．solving B．solved C．being solved D．to be solved
( )4、Nearly half a million people are believed________their homes in the past month as a result of the disaster.
A．to leave B．to have left C．to be leaving D．to be left
答案：1-4 CDDB
【拔高】
( )1、Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains_________whether they will enjoy it.
A．to see B．to be seen C．seeing D．seen
( )2、She had no money_________a birthday present for her children.
A．to buy with B．Buying C．bought D．with which to buy
( )3、After chatting on QQ a long time, Mary looked up just_________that it was 11:00 pm, long past her usual bedtime.
seeing B．saw C．to see D．Seen
答案：1-3 BDC
实战演练
（2021年全国甲卷真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was ___41___ at the hotel on business and planning to ___42___ some friends in the area. They had asked him to ___43___ some pepperoni（辣香肠）from back east. So he ___44___a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was ___45___ that it would be too warm, he ___46___ it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was ___47___ and well chilled（冷却）and he ___48____.
That’s when things went ___49___ “I remember walking down the long ___50___ and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls.” Burchill said in a recent letter of ___51___ to the 4-star hotel. “The seagulls immediately went ___52___. They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to ___53___ at the same time, and pepperoni-everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real ___54____.”
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion（莽撞）.
“I have ___55___ and I admit responsibility for my ___56___.” he said in the letter. “I come to you, ___57___, to apologize for the damage I had ___58____ caused and to ask you to ___59___ my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter ___60___. Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.
( )41. A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing
( )42. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
( )43. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
( )44. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
( )45. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
( )46. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
( )47. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
( )48. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
( )49. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
( )50. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
( )51. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
( )52. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
( )53. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
( )54. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
( )55. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
( )56. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
( )57. A. hands in pockets B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
( )58. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
( )59. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
( )60. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
答案：41-45 DACAD 46-50 DBACC 51-55 BDBAD 56-60 DCACB
（2021年全国甲卷真题）
短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间较换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单同的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire. One of the questions are: Who will you go in times of trouble Here are the results. Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other. Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose to deal with the problems on our own. Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others. They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
答案：
第二句：are 改为is；go后加 to
第四句：friend 改为 friends
第五句：去掉out
第六句：little 改为few; our改为 their
第七句：talk 改为talking
第八句：kept改为keep
第九句：where 改为 when或 whenever；mostly 改为most
第四讲 非谓语动词（一）— 不定式
适用学科 英语 适用年级 高三
适用区域 全国 课时时长（分钟） 2 课时/120 分钟
知识点 动词不定式作主语动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作表语动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作定语动词不定式作状语动词不定式省略to的情况只能接不定式的动词
学习目标 知识：熟悉非谓语动词中不定式的灵活运用方法。方法：分析不定式在句子中所充当的不同成分。能力：提升学生的语言运用能力，规范不定式在句子中的正确使用。
学习重点 不定式充当句子中的主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语和表语
学习难点 不定式作句子中的定语或状语
教学过程
一、复习预习
1、教师引导学生复习上节课所学的重点内容，并采用提问的方式将上节课的重难点进行复习和巩固记忆；
2、针对上节课的作业进行订正、提问或讨论，将集中出错的地方进行分析和进一步记忆。
二、知识讲解
知识点 1：动词不定式的形式：
动词不定式 →肯定式：to + do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
→否定式：not / never + to do
以 do 为例，动词不定式的构成如下：
时态/语态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing to be being done
完成式 to have done to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing 无
（一）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在 谓语动词动作之
后。
Eg: The patient asked to be operated on at once. 病人要求马上手术。
The teacher ordered the work to be done. 老师要求完成工作。
（二）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，
Eg: The boy pretended to be working hard. 男孩假装工作得很努力。
（三）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，
Eg: I happened to have been taken to the cinema. 我偶然被带去过电影院。
（四）完成进行式：不定式的完成进行式表示谓语动作之前一直在进行的动作，
Eg: The battle was said to have been going on for two days. 据说这场战争持续了两天。
知识点 2：不定式的句法功能
（1）作主语
Eg: To lose your heart means failure. 灰心丧气意味着失败。
注意：动词不定式短语作句子主语时，常用 it 作形式主语 ( http: / / www. / )，真正的主语不定式置于句后，
Eg: It is difficult to get up early every morning. 每天早晨都很早起床是件困难的事情。
【易错点】常用句式有：
1、It + be 动词 + 名词 + to do sth.
2、It + be 动词 + 形容词 + of /for sb. + to do sth.
careless, clever, foolish, honest, kind, nice, wise 等表示赞扬或批评的形容词+of sb.
necessary, difficult, easy 等描述事物的形容词+for sb.
Eg: It is very kind of you to help me. 你能帮助我，真是太好了。
It is necessary for us to discuss this problem again. 我们有必要把这个问题再讨论一遍。
（2）作宾语：
常用不定式作宾语的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, afford, arrange 等。
Eg: How did you manage to finish it so soon 你是怎么设法这么快就完成这件事的？
注意：如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用 it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语
（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，常见的词有：think, feel, expect, make, suppose, find 等。
Eg: Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
Marx 觉得研究俄罗斯的情况比较困难。
（3）作定语：
位置：动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。
Eg: I have a meeting to attend. 我有一个会议要参加。
注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，
Eg: He found a good house to live in.
The child has nothing to worry about. What did you open it with
如果不定式修饰 time, place 或 way，可以省略介词：
Eg: He has no place to live.
This is the best way to work out this problem.
【考查点】不定式的被动形式 to be done 修饰名词，表示将来时间的被动。
Eg: The book to be published next week is about our local culture.
（4）作状语：
① 表目的，常译成“为了”，不定式一般放在主句之后，但为了强调目的也可放在句首。
Eg: We should do whatever we can to help them.
To save money, he has tried every means.
注意：不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：
wrong: To save money, every means has been tried.
② 表结果（往往是与预期愿望相反的结果）：常用搭配 only to do sth，
Eg: He arrived late only to find the train had gone.
I visited him only to find him out.
③表原因：adj. + to do sth.
Eg: They were very sad to hear the news.
（5）作宾语补足语：
在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，补充说明作宾语的名词或代词的动作或状态，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite , expect, prefer, encourage 等。
Eg: Their parents prefer them to be home early. My parents don’t allow me to go out at night.
【易错点】注意：不定式省略 to 的情况→在使役动词（make, let, have）或感官动词（see, hear, observe, notice, feel, watch）后面的宾语补足语要省略 to，例如：He had his son clean the car. / She noticed the man look at her a couple of times. 但若这些动词用于被动语态或不定式用于完成式时，其后的不定式要带 to，
Eg: I noticed her to have come early. / He was seen to enter the building.
（6）作表语：不定式作表语经常表示的是谓语动词之后的动作，
Eg: The aim of this competition is to improve your listening and speaking ability.
这次比赛的目的是提升你们的听说能力。
例题精析
【例题 1】I hurried to the meeting hall, only_________that the meeting had been put off.
A．to tell B．to be told C．telling D．told
【答案】B
【解析】only to do 为不定式作结果状语，且 I 与 tell 为被动关系，因此用不定式的被动语态。
【例题2】Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears_________everything.
A．to tell B．to be told C．to be telling D．to have been told
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查不定式的用法。分析第一句可知，she 与 tell 之间存在被动关系，故排除A、C 两项；由两句之间的逻辑可知，母亲已知一切，再隐瞒是没有用的，故一定要告诉母亲一切真相，所以选D。B 表示将要被告知，不合题意。
【例题3】Little Tom should love_________to the theater this evening.
A．to be taken B．to take C．being taken D．taking
【答案】A
【解析】little Tom 和 take 之间存在被动关系，Tom 是被带去剧院，因此排除 B、D 选项。而且Tom 是今天晚上将要被带去剧院，因此答案是A，不定式表示将来。
【例题 4】Many people stood near the bus stop, nervously waiting_________.
A．to pick up B．picking up C．to be picked up D．being picked up
【答案】C
【解析】这里用不定式作目的状语，且 people 和 pick up 为被动关系，因此用不定式的被动语态。
四、课堂运用
【基础】
( )1、、、、、、、、、 ________the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
A. Catching B. Caught C. To catch D. Catch
( )2、 _________more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
A. Learn B. Learned C. To learn D. To be learning
( )3、 Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students_________what is bothering them.
A. to talk over B. talked over C. talk over D. having talked over
( )4、I stopped the car_________a short break as I was feeling tired.
A．take B．taking C．to take D．taken
( )5、Tom took a taxi to the airport, only_________his plane high up in the sky.
A．finding B．to find C．being found D．to have found
( )6、Volunteering gives you a chance_________lives, including your own.
A．change B．changing C．changed D．to change
答案：1-6 CCACBD
【巩固】
( )7、Every minute is made full use of_________our lessons.
A．studying B．to study C．study D．being studied
( )8、--Did the book give the information you needed
--Yes, But_________ it, I had to read the entire book.
A．to find B．find C．to be finding D．finding
( )9、I feel greatly honored_________into their society.
A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed
( )10、The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported_________the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.
A．breaking B．having broken C．to have broken D．to break
答案：7-10 BACC
【拔高】
( )11、--Look, there are many dead fish in the river.
--We must do everything we can_________waste water from running into rivers.
A．keep B．kept C．to keep D．keeping
( )12、My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle_________to balance it.
A．having tried B．trying C．to try D．tried
( )13、He spent every minute he could spare on books_________an entrance prize to a college.
A．to win B．won C．winning D．wining
答案：11-13 CBA
课后作业
【基础】
( )1、There is nothing more I can try_________you to stay, so I wish you good luck.
A．being persuaded B．persuading C．to be persuaded D．to persuade
( )2、If there’s a lot of work_________. I’m happy to just keep on until it is finished.
A．to do B．to be doing C．done D．doing
( )3、--What’s the matter with Tim
--Oh, Tim’s cell phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never_________again.
A．to find B．to be found C．finding D．being found
答案：1-3 DAB
【巩固】
( )1、He suggested the person referred_________put into prison.
A．is B．be C．to be D．should be
( )2、Group activities will be organized after class_________children develop team spirit.
A．helping B．having helped C．helped D．to help
( )3、There are still many problems_________ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A．solving B．solved C．being solved D．to be solved
( )4、Nearly half a million people are believed________their homes in the past month as a result of the disaster.
A．to leave B．to have left C．to be leaving D．to be left
答案：1-4 CDDB
【拔高】
( )1、Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains_________whether they will enjoy it.
A．to see B．to be seen C．seeing D．seen
( )2、She had no money_________a birthday present for her children.
A．to buy with B．Buying C．bought D．with which to buy
( )3、After chatting on QQ a long time, Mary looked up just_________that it was 11:00 pm, long past her usual bedtime.
seeing B．saw C．to see D．Seen
答案：1-3 BDC
实战演练
（2021年全国甲卷真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was ___41___ at the hotel on business and planning to ___42___ some friends in the area. They had asked him to ___43___ some pepperoni（辣香肠）from back east. So he ___44___a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was ___45___ that it would be too warm, he ___46___ it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was ___47___ and well chilled（冷却）and he ___48____.
That’s when things went ___49___ “I remember walking down the long ___50___ and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls.” Burchill said in a recent letter of ___51___ to the 4-star hotel. “The seagulls immediately went ___52___. They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to ___53___ at the same time, and pepperoni-everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real ___54____.”
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion（莽撞）.
“I have ___55___ and I admit responsibility for my ___56___.” he said in the letter. “I come to you, ___57___, to apologize for the damage I had ___58____ caused and to ask you to ___59___ my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter ___60___. Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.
( )41. A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing
( )42. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
( )43. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
( )44. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
( )45. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
( )46. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
( )47. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
( )48. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
( )49. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
( )50. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
( )51. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
( )52. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
( )53. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
( )54. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
( )55. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
( )56. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
( )57. A. hands in pockets B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
( )58. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
( )59. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
( )60. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
答案：41-45 DACAD 46-50 DBACC 51-55 BDBAD 56-60 DCACB
（2021年全国甲卷真题）
短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间较换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单同的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire. One of the questions are: Who will you go in times of trouble Here are the results. Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other. Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose to deal with the problems on our own. Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others. They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
答案：
第二句：are 改为is；go后加 to
第四句：friend 改为 friends
第五句：去掉out
第六句：little 改为few; our改为 their
第七句：talk 改为talking
第八句：kept改为keep
第九句：where 改为 when或 whenever；mostly 改为most