2022届高考英语二轮复习：非谓语动词（二）学案（含答案）
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高考语法讲解
第五讲 非谓语动词（二）— 动名词
适用学科 英语 适用年级 高三
适用区域 全国 课时时长（分钟） 2 课时/120 分钟
知识点 动名词一般式的主动形式动名词完成式的主动形式动名词一般式的被动形式动名词完成式的被动形式动名词作主语动名词作表语动名词作宾语动名词作定语动名词的否定结构只能接动名词的动词
学习目标 知识：熟悉非谓语动词中动名词的灵活运用方法。方法：分析动名词在句子中所充当的不同成分。能力：提升学生的语言运用能力，规范动名词在句子中的正确使用。
学习重点 动名词充当句子中的主语、宾语、定语和表语
学习难点 动名词作句子中的主语或宾语
教学过程
一、复习预习
1、复习上节课所学的重点内容——非谓语动词中的不定式，并针对上节课的重难点回答以下问题：
1）不定式的构成形式是什么？
2）不定式作状语有哪三种不同的情况？
2、订正上节课的课后作业，和老师探讨出错的题目，并进一步巩固对重点知识的记忆。
二、知识讲解
知识点 1：动名词的形式：
动名词 →肯定式：v-ing
→否定式：not + v-ing
→逻辑主语：物主代词（有时用宾格代替）、名词所有格（有时用名词普通格）
以 do 为例，动名词的构成如下：
时态 语态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式（和谓语动词同时发生） doing being done
完成式（在谓语动词发生之前） having done having been done
Eg:
1. He forgot being taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.（宾语、被动式）
2. His not being praised upsets him a lot.（主语、被动式）
3. In the ant city, the queen’s job is laying eggs. （表语）
4. He can’t walk without a walking stick.（定语）
知识点 2：动名词的句法功能
（1） 作主语 Eg: Collecting stamps is my hobby. 集邮是我的爱好。
注意：动名词短语作句子主语时，常用 it 作形式主语 ( http: / / www. / )，真正的主语动名词置于句后，
Eg: It is dangerous travelling in that way. 用那种方式旅游是件冒险的事情。
【易错点】常用句式有：
1、It is + no use/good/fun + doing sth.
2、It is + a waste of time/money + doing sth.
Eg: It is no use playing computer games. 玩电脑游戏是没用的。
It is a waste of time discussing that question again and again.
（2） 作宾语：动名词的习惯用法
【易错点 1】要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit , deny, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk, appreciate, be busy, be worth, feel like, can’t stand, can’t help（情不自禁）, prevent\keep\stop…(from), protect…from, set about（着手做）, be engaged in（沉迷于）, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to（习惯于）, look forward to, object to（反对）, pay attention to, insist on, feel like（喜欢）, have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth, have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth
【易错点 2】主动形式表被动含义：sb\ sth. + want / need / require / be worth + doing
此处的 doing = to be done
Eg: The boy needs taking good care of. 这个男孩需要人照顾。
= The boy needs to be taken good care of .
（3） 作定语：动名词作定语，表示所修饰名词的功能或作用。
Eg: a walking stick 拐杖
a sleeping car 卧铺车厢
（4） 作表语：动名词作表语表示对主语的解释或者说明，通常可以和主语互换位置。
Eg:My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好是集邮。
Collecting stamps is my hobby. 集邮是我的爱好。
三、例题精析
【例题1】It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ________the answers ready will be of great help.
A．To have had B．Having had C．Have D．Having
【答案】D
【解析】Having the answers ready 是动名词在句中作主语的用法。
【例题 2】Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried________alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.
A．living B．to live C．to be living D．having lived
【答案】A
【解析】本句考查动名词作宾语。try doing sth 意为“试着做某事”。
【例题 3】I can hardly imagine Peter________across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A．sail B．to sail C．sailing D．to have sailed
【答案】C
【解析】imagine Peter sailing 是动词 imagine 加动名词复合结构。
【例题 4】—You were brave enough to raise objections（反对）at the meeting.
—Well, now I regret________that.
A．to do B．to be doing C．to have done D．having done
【答案】D
【解析】由题意可知现在我后悔做过那件事了，regret 后接动名词表示后悔做过某事。
四、课堂运用
【基础】
( )1、________the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
A. Ignore B. Ignoring C. Ignored D. Having ignored
( )2、________a wet football can hurt your foot if you are not careful.
A．Kicking B．Kicked C．Having kicked D．Kick
( )3、_____twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.
A．Examining B．Examined C．Being examined D．Having been examined
( )4、When he knocked at the door, my mother was busy________supper.
A．preparing for B．in preparing C．to prepare for D．to prepare
答案：1-4 BACB
【巩固】
( )5、How about the two of us________a walk down the garden？
A．to take B．take C．taking D．to be taking
( )6、People appreciate________with him because he has a good sense of humor.
A．to work B．to have worked C．working D．have working
( )7、Something as simple as________some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure.
A．to drink B．drinking C．to be drinking D．drunk
( )8、The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without________.
A．recognizing B．being recognized C．having recognized D．having been recognized
答案：5-8 CCBB
【拔高】
( )9、Mark often attempts to escape___________whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
A．having been fined B．to have been fined C．to be fined D．being fined
( )10、___________your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
A．Understanding B．To be understood
C．Being understood D．Having understood
( )11、—Robert is indeed a wise man. —Oh, yes. How often I have regretted___________his advice!
A．to take B．taking C．not to take D．not taking
答案：9-11 DAD
课后作业
【基础】
( )1. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area___________.
A．need repairing B．needs to repair C．needs repairing D．need to repair
( )2. What does the teacher suggest___________when we make a mistake？
A．do B．to do C．doing D．did
( )3. Was it___________the international conference that made the city the focus of this area
A．to hold B．hold C．held D．holding
答案：1-3 ACD
【巩固】
( )1. ___________by beautiful green mountains and situated at the foot of Huangshan Mountain makes Tai Ping Lake a famous tourist attraction.
A．Surrounded B．Being surrounded
C．Having been surrounded D．Surrounding
( )2. —Can I smoke here —Sorry. We don’t allow___________here.
A．people smoking B．people smoke C．to smoke D．smoking
( )3. I remembered___________the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
A．locking B．to lock C．having locked D．to have locked
( )4. In the beginning, the man refused to say anything about the lost car, but he had to admit___________it because of the solid proofs.
A．stolen B．stealing C．to steal D．to have stolen
答案：1-4 BDAB
【拔高】
( )1. —Have you finished___________your composition It is time to hand it in.
—Not yet, I___________it the whole morning, but it is so hard that I only finished half of it.
A．writing; had written B．write; wrote
C．written; was written D．writing; have been writing
( )2. Congratulations on your___________as the leader of our office.
A．appoint B．appointment C．being appointed D．appointed
( )3. David got well-prepared for the university interview, for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity ___________.
A．to lose B．losing C．to be lost D．being lost
答案：1-3 DCD
实战演练
（2021年全国乙卷真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41__ Just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ____42___ of gratitude (感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44____ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while __45___to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was ____46_____ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47____ the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___ ,and was ready for discharge (出院)after four weeks.
She was __49____ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her ___50____ at her recovery. As she was ____51___ she was eager to say___52____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she ___53______ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague ____54___ to accept it, saying that we were all just ___55___ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then____56____: "Oh this isn't for the ___57___ I had. I take that as a ____58____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.''
And there you have it. To many people, ___59____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an ___60____ and should be rewarded.
( )41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
( )42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
( )43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
( )44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
( )45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
( )46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
( )47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
( )48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
( )49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
( )50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
( )51.A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
( )52.A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
( )53.A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
( )54.A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
( )55.A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
( )56.A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
( )57.A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
( )58.A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
( )59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
( )60.A. honor B. ability C. opening D. extra
答案：41-45 CABDA 46-50 ABCAB 51-55 DCADB 56-60 CDBCD
（2021年全国甲卷真题）
短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship. What's most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. That’s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
答案：
Line 1: dish—dishes
Line2: tidying—tidy; whatever—whenever
Line 3: benefit a lot doing—benefit a lot from doing
Line 4: was—is
Line 5: are 删掉
Line 6：most—more ; mentally—mental
Line 7: our—my ; hopes—hope
第五讲 非谓语动词（二）— 动名词
适用学科 英语 适用年级 高三
适用区域 全国 课时时长（分钟） 2 课时/120 分钟
知识点 动名词一般式的主动形式动名词完成式的主动形式动名词一般式的被动形式动名词完成式的被动形式动名词作主语动名词作表语动名词作宾语动名词作定语动名词的否定结构只能接动名词的动词
学习目标 知识：熟悉非谓语动词中动名词的灵活运用方法。方法：分析动名词在句子中所充当的不同成分。能力：提升学生的语言运用能力，规范动名词在句子中的正确使用。
学习重点 动名词充当句子中的主语、宾语、定语和表语
学习难点 动名词作句子中的主语或宾语
教学过程
一、复习预习
1、复习上节课所学的重点内容——非谓语动词中的不定式，并针对上节课的重难点回答以下问题：
1）不定式的构成形式是什么？
2）不定式作状语有哪三种不同的情况？
2、订正上节课的课后作业，和老师探讨出错的题目，并进一步巩固对重点知识的记忆。
二、知识讲解
知识点 1：动名词的形式：
动名词 →肯定式：v-ing
→否定式：not + v-ing
→逻辑主语：物主代词（有时用宾格代替）、名词所有格（有时用名词普通格）
以 do 为例，动名词的构成如下：
时态 语态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式（和谓语动词同时发生） doing being done
完成式（在谓语动词发生之前） having done having been done
Eg:
1. He forgot being taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.（宾语、被动式）
2. His not being praised upsets him a lot.（主语、被动式）
3. In the ant city, the queen’s job is laying eggs. （表语）
4. He can’t walk without a walking stick.（定语）
知识点 2：动名词的句法功能
（1） 作主语 Eg: Collecting stamps is my hobby. 集邮是我的爱好。
注意：动名词短语作句子主语时，常用 it 作形式主语 ( http: / / www. / )，真正的主语动名词置于句后，
Eg: It is dangerous travelling in that way. 用那种方式旅游是件冒险的事情。
【易错点】常用句式有：
1、It is + no use/good/fun + doing sth.
2、It is + a waste of time/money + doing sth.
Eg: It is no use playing computer games. 玩电脑游戏是没用的。
It is a waste of time discussing that question again and again.
（2） 作宾语：动名词的习惯用法
【易错点 1】要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit , deny, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk, appreciate, be busy, be worth, feel like, can’t stand, can’t help（情不自禁）, prevent\keep\stop…(from), protect…from, set about（着手做）, be engaged in（沉迷于）, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to（习惯于）, look forward to, object to（反对）, pay attention to, insist on, feel like（喜欢）, have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth, have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth
【易错点 2】主动形式表被动含义：sb\ sth. + want / need / require / be worth + doing
此处的 doing = to be done
Eg: The boy needs taking good care of. 这个男孩需要人照顾。
= The boy needs to be taken good care of .
（3） 作定语：动名词作定语，表示所修饰名词的功能或作用。
Eg: a walking stick 拐杖
a sleeping car 卧铺车厢
（4） 作表语：动名词作表语表示对主语的解释或者说明，通常可以和主语互换位置。
Eg:My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好是集邮。
Collecting stamps is my hobby. 集邮是我的爱好。
三、例题精析
【例题1】It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ________the answers ready will be of great help.
A．To have had B．Having had C．Have D．Having
【答案】D
【解析】Having the answers ready 是动名词在句中作主语的用法。
【例题 2】Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried________alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.
A．living B．to live C．to be living D．having lived
【答案】A
【解析】本句考查动名词作宾语。try doing sth 意为“试着做某事”。
【例题 3】I can hardly imagine Peter________across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A．sail B．to sail C．sailing D．to have sailed
【答案】C
【解析】imagine Peter sailing 是动词 imagine 加动名词复合结构。
【例题 4】—You were brave enough to raise objections（反对）at the meeting.
—Well, now I regret________that.
A．to do B．to be doing C．to have done D．having done
【答案】D
【解析】由题意可知现在我后悔做过那件事了，regret 后接动名词表示后悔做过某事。
四、课堂运用
【基础】
( )1、________the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
A. Ignore B. Ignoring C. Ignored D. Having ignored
( )2、________a wet football can hurt your foot if you are not careful.
A．Kicking B．Kicked C．Having kicked D．Kick
( )3、_____twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.
A．Examining B．Examined C．Being examined D．Having been examined
( )4、When he knocked at the door, my mother was busy________supper.
A．preparing for B．in preparing C．to prepare for D．to prepare
答案：1-4 BACB
【巩固】
( )5、How about the two of us________a walk down the garden？
A．to take B．take C．taking D．to be taking
( )6、People appreciate________with him because he has a good sense of humor.
A．to work B．to have worked C．working D．have working
( )7、Something as simple as________some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure.
A．to drink B．drinking C．to be drinking D．drunk
( )8、The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without________.
A．recognizing B．being recognized C．having recognized D．having been recognized
答案：5-8 CCBB
【拔高】
( )9、Mark often attempts to escape___________whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
A．having been fined B．to have been fined C．to be fined D．being fined
( )10、___________your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
A．Understanding B．To be understood
C．Being understood D．Having understood
( )11、—Robert is indeed a wise man. —Oh, yes. How often I have regretted___________his advice!
A．to take B．taking C．not to take D．not taking
答案：9-11 DAD
课后作业
【基础】
( )1. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area___________.
A．need repairing B．needs to repair C．needs repairing D．need to repair
( )2. What does the teacher suggest___________when we make a mistake？
A．do B．to do C．doing D．did
( )3. Was it___________the international conference that made the city the focus of this area
A．to hold B．hold C．held D．holding
答案：1-3 ACD
【巩固】
( )1. ___________by beautiful green mountains and situated at the foot of Huangshan Mountain makes Tai Ping Lake a famous tourist attraction.
A．Surrounded B．Being surrounded
C．Having been surrounded D．Surrounding
( )2. —Can I smoke here —Sorry. We don’t allow___________here.
A．people smoking B．people smoke C．to smoke D．smoking
( )3. I remembered___________the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
A．locking B．to lock C．having locked D．to have locked
( )4. In the beginning, the man refused to say anything about the lost car, but he had to admit___________it because of the solid proofs.
A．stolen B．stealing C．to steal D．to have stolen
答案：1-4 BDAB
【拔高】
( )1. —Have you finished___________your composition It is time to hand it in.
—Not yet, I___________it the whole morning, but it is so hard that I only finished half of it.
A．writing; had written B．write; wrote
C．written; was written D．writing; have been writing
( )2. Congratulations on your___________as the leader of our office.
A．appoint B．appointment C．being appointed D．appointed
( )3. David got well-prepared for the university interview, for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity ___________.
A．to lose B．losing C．to be lost D．being lost
答案：1-3 DCD
实战演练
（2021年全国乙卷真题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41__ Just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ____42___ of gratitude (感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44____ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while __45___to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was ____46_____ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47____ the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___ ,and was ready for discharge (出院)after four weeks.
She was __49____ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her ___50____ at her recovery. As she was ____51___ she was eager to say___52____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she ___53______ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague ____54___ to accept it, saying that we were all just ___55___ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then____56____: "Oh this isn't for the ___57___ I had. I take that as a ____58____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.''
And there you have it. To many people, ___59____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an ___60____ and should be rewarded.
( )41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
( )42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
( )43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
( )44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
( )45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
( )46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
( )47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
( )48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
( )49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
( )50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
( )51.A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
( )52.A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
( )53.A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
( )54.A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
( )55.A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
( )56.A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
( )57.A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
( )58.A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
( )59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
( )60.A. honor B. ability C. opening D. extra
答案：41-45 CABDA 46-50 ABCAB 51-55 DCADB 56-60 CDBCD
（2021年全国甲卷真题）
短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship. What's most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. That’s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
答案：
Line 1: dish—dishes
Line2: tidying—tidy; whatever—whenever
Line 3: benefit a lot doing—benefit a lot from doing
Line 4: was—is
Line 5: are 删掉
Line 6：most—more ; mentally—mental
Line 7: our—my ; hopes—hope