Unit 1 Face values
关于文学作品的介绍
文学作品介绍一般包括小说、戏剧等的故事背景、故事情节、人物角色，最后要发表一下自己的观点。对作品做评价时，我们可以从一个情节和人物形象或一个场面等方面着手。
[基本框架]
第一段：简要介绍文学作品及作者。
第二段：详细介绍其故事背景、故事情节、人物角色等。
第三段：发表自己的观点。
[注意事项]
1．时态主要是一般现在时，也可根据需要灵活使用其他时态。
2．以第一和第三人称为主。
3．使用恰当的过渡词。
[常用词块]
1．fairy tales童话故事
2．my favorite novel我最喜欢的小说
3．be written by由……创作
4．write many science fictions写了很多科幻小说
5．devote himself to literature致力于文学(写作)
6．a vivid description of many difficulties and incidents
生动地描述了许多困难和事情
7．learn a lot from the book从这本书中学到很多
8．a nice and funny book一本又好看又有趣的书
9．be about the life of a poor child关于一个贫穷孩子的生活
10．the contents and plots of the book这本书的内容和情节
[常用语句]
1．I enjoy reading different kinds of books，but Harry Porter is my favorite one.
我很喜欢读不同种类的书，但是，《哈利·波特》是我最喜欢的书。
2．The fairy tales are my favorites，such as Grimm's Fairy Tales，Anderson's Fairy Tales and so on.
童话故事是我最喜欢的，比如说《格林童话》《安徒生童话》等。
3．The story is very long but I am interested in it.
这个故事很长，但是我很感兴趣。
4．In fact，the fiction story is so meaningful that I can learn a lot from it.
事实上，这个小说非常有意义，我从这本书中学到很多。
5．We are also astonished and convinced by his fertile imagination and scientific and geographical knowledge.
我们也对他丰富的想象力、科学、地理知识感到很吃惊和折服。
6．I think it's the best book I've ever read.
我认为这是我读过的最好的书。
请写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍小说《百万英镑》(The Million Pound Bank Note)，主要内容包括：
1．小说作者；
2．语言风格；
3．故事梗概；
4．你印象最深的地方。
【学生习作】
The novel The Million Pound Bank Note was written by Mark Twain，a great American writer.
Two rich men in London have a bet on Henry and want to see what will become of him a month later if they give him a million pound banknote which can't be cashed for even a penny.Henry isn't starved nor arrested，but becomes a millionaire dramatically.He wins the love of a pretty lady.
In the story，Henry's note is only exhibited for the eyes of others as a symbol of wealth.On second thought，maybe not Henry but people's crazy love for money fools the world.
点评：
1．条理清晰；
2．遗漏要点；
3．缺少必要的衔接词；
4．句式较为简单。
【升格作文】
The Million Pound Bank Note was written by Mark Twain，a great American writer.Through his humorous and sarcastic language，Mark Twain successfully depicted an unbelievable adventure of Henry Adams，a penniless American in London.
Two rich men in London have a bet on Henry and want to see what will become of him a month later if they give him a million pound banknote which can't be cashed for even a penny.A month goes by，but Henry becomes a a rich man.What's more，he even wins a pretty lady's love.
What impresses me most is that in the story，Henry's note is only exhibited for the eyes of others as a symbol of wealth.
假设你读了英国小说家查尔斯·狄更斯(Charles Dickens)的代表作之一《雾都孤儿》(Oliver Twist)，请你根据以下提示写一篇80词左右的评论：
1．查尔斯·狄更斯是英国伟大的小说家，《雾都孤儿》是他的代表作之一；
2．《雾都孤儿》的主人公奥利弗·崔斯特(Oliver Twist)是一个孤儿，他被扔进了贫穷与犯罪的魔窟；
3．他历尽无数艰辛，最后在好心人的帮助下，查明了身世并获得了幸福。同时那些坏人都受到了惩罚；
4．奥利弗·崔斯特的成长环境是充满黑暗和罪恶的，但是他始终很善良；
5．这部小说会给人留下深刻的印象，让人懂得做人的道理；
6．《雾都孤儿》在英国文学史上是最受欢迎并且是被高度称赞的作品之一。
【参考范文】
Oliver Twist is one of the most famous novels by Charles Dickens.
The hero is Oliver Twist，an orphan thrown into a world full of poverty and crime.He suffers a lot.In the end，with warm hearted people's help，Oliver Twist's identity is found out and he gains happiness.At the same time，the bad people are punished.Although growing in a dark and evil environment，Oliver Twist is always very kind.
The novel，which makes people understand the truth of being a man，will leave a deep impression on the readers.
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1Unit 1 Face values
1．To love beauty is to see light. —Victor Hugo
爱美就是要看到光明。 ——维可多·雨果
2．A thing of beauty is a joy forever: its loveliness increases; it will never pass into nothingness. —John Keats
美好的事物永远是一种快乐：它的可爱与日俱增；它永远不会变成虚无。 ——约翰·济兹
3．A woman whose smile is open and whose expression is glad has a kind of beauty no matter what she wears. —Anne Roiphe
不管一个女人穿着什么，只要她微笑着，神情愉悦，那就是一种美。 ——安妮·罗菲
4．Beauty awakens the soul to act. —Dante Alighieri
美唤醒灵魂去行动。 ——但丁·阿利吉耶里
5．Beauty has a lot to do with character. —Kevyn Aucoin
美丽与性格有很大的关系。 ——凯文·奥库安
Why do we care so much about how we look Because it matters.Because beauty is powerful.Because even when we learn to value people mostly for being kind and wise and funny，we are still moved by beauty.No matter how much we argue against it or pretend to be immune(不受影响)，beauty exerts (施加)its power over us.There is simply no escape.
There are more important things in life than beauty.But as Etcoff says，“We have to understand beauty，or we will always be enslaved by it.”If you aim to be wise and kind and funny，it doesn't mean that you can't also try your best to look beautiful.There's no reason to feel guilty about being moved by beauty's power.It moves us all.
It's hard to give the concept of being charming.In general，to be charming means to possess an attractive personality.There is no unchanging secret to be charming，but a positive change in your thinking can get great benefits.
If you want to learn to be charming，you have to learn the art of politeness.Nobody likes someone who is rude and bad tempered all the time，and if you are cordial(热情友好的)and polite to people around you they will obviously appreciate your presence.
Sincerity is the key to becoming charming.If you genuinely wish to win people over and appear charming in their eyes，you need to genuinely feel what you say to them.
The most charming men and women have the ability to make people laugh.Everyone loves to be humorous as it can greatly remove the despair or sadness in everyone's lives.
[探索发现]
1．What is the passage mainly about
How to be charming.
2．How does the author introduce the topic of the text
By giving concept of being charming.
3．What tips of being charming are mentioned in the text
To be polite; to be sincere；to be humorous.
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2Unit 1 Face values
阅读P8－9教材中的材料，选出最佳选项。
1．What does the word “repulsive” probably mean in Paragraph 2
A．Silent. B．Disgusting.
C．Bored. D．Handsome.
2．What does the last word “it” probably refer to in Paragraph 2
A．Knock knees.
B．Single eye.
C．Fresh defect.
D．Melancholy and gentleness.
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage
A．Esmeralda is later sentenced to death because she is a criminal.
B．Esmeralda falls in love with Quasimodo.
C．Quasimodo can understand what she said from the movement of her lips and expression.
D．Esmeralda knew why Quasimodo rescued her at first.
4．Why did Quasimodo rescue Esmeralda
A．Because Esmeralda's exquisite beauty.
B．Because Quasimodo loves Esmeralda.
C．Because Quasimodo is a poor wretch.
D．Because Esmeralda saved Quasimodo with a drop of water before.
5．What can we learn about Quasimodo from the passage
A．He is poor.
B．He is grateful.
C．He is self abased and superior.
D．He has an exaggerated opinion of his abilities.
[答案] 1－5 BCCDB
Words and Phrases
assumption n．假定，假设
(教材P5) How others are feeling is not something that we should make assumptions about，because it's not always obvious who is truly happy.
别人的感受不是我们应该假设的，因为谁真正快乐并不总是显而易见的。
[例] My calculations were based on the assumption that house prices would remain steady.
我的估算是基于房价将保持稳定的假设。
[知识拓展]
(1)make an assumption/assumptions about sth.
对……作出臆断，假设
on the assumption that... 假定……
(2)assume vt. 假定；设想；承担；呈现
assume sb./sth.to be... 假定某人(事)……
It is assumed that... 假定；据推测；人们认为……
(3)assuming (that) conj. 假设；假定
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①We are working on the assumption that the rate of inflation will not increase next year.
②We must assume him to be (be) innocent until he is proved guilty.
③Assuming (assume) the house is for sale，do you have enough savings
④It is assumed that he is one of the most famous novelists today.
人们认为他是当今最著名的小说家之一。
loyal adj.忠贞的，忠实的，忠诚的
(教材P7)In reality，he is brave and loyal...
实际上，他勇敢忠诚……
[例] Jack found her to be a loyal worker and reliable under pressure.
杰克发现她是一个忠心耿耿的下属，尤其是在压力下的表现令人放心。
[知识拓展]
be loyal to 对……忠诚
loyally adv. 忠诚地
loyalty n. 忠诚；忠贞
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He has always loyally (loyal) defended the president.
②You give your pets love and compassion，and in return they will give you loyalty(loyal) and comfort.
③Dennis will always be loyal to this government，whatever it does.
无论这届政府做什么，丹尼斯将始终是其忠实的支持者。
comprehension n．理解(力)
(教材P8) How anyone could be formed in such a way was beyond her comprehension.
她难以理解一个人怎么能长得如此畸形。
[例] It is assumed that half of those who sat the exam failed a reading comprehension test.
据说参加考试的人中有一半没能通过阅读理解测试。
[知识拓展]
(1)reading comprehension 阅读理解力
be beyond/ above one's comprehension
难理解的；不可理解的
be low of comprehension 理解力迟钝的
(2)comprehend v. 理解；领悟
fail to comprehend 无法理解
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The boy is low of comprehension，so don't shout at him.
②How she managed to pass her exam after doing so little work is beyond my comprehension.
③I fail to comprehend how this was allowed to happen.
我不理解怎么会允许这种事发生。
expression n．表情；神色
(教材P9) “...I shall quickly know your wishes from the movement of your lips，from your expression.”
“……从你的口型和你的表情，我很快就能明白你的意思。”
[例] You can learn interesting words and expressions by reading poems and novels.
通过阅读诗歌和小说，你能学到有趣的单词和表达方式。
[知识拓展]
(1)beyond expression 无法表达
(2)express v. 表达；快运
n. 特快列车；快递服务
adj. 特快的
express sth.to sb. 对某人表示……
express oneself 表达自己的思想；发表自己的观点
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The scenery in my hometown is beautiful beyond expression.
②Let me express my sympathy to you and your family for your great loss.
③He cannot express himself clearly in English，causing misunderstanding.
他不能用英语表达清楚自己的意思，从而造成了误解。
motive n．(尤指隐藏的)动机，原因，目的
(教材P10) When comparing and contrasting characters in a narrative，consider their appearance，actions，and motives.
当在叙事中比较和对比人物时，考虑他们的外表、行为和动机。
[例] There seemed to be no clear motive for the attack.
这次袭击似乎没有明确动机。
[知识拓展]
motive for ……的动机/原因/目的
motive in (doing)sth. 在……方面的动机
motive behind ……背后的动机
leading motive 主要动机
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①What was their motive in setting fire to the building
②There may be a hidden motive for his departure.
③There is no doubt about the motive behind it all.
这一切背后的动机是毋庸置疑的。
Sentence Pattern
as though doing...
(教材P8) “But！”he said，as though hesitating whether to finish，“I am—I am deaf.”
“不过！”他说，似乎犹豫着要不要说下去，“我是——我是聋子。”
句式分析：句中as though hesitating whether to finish为状语从句as though he was hesitating whether to finish的省略形式。
[例] She pursed her lips together，as though fearing to betray her news.
她闭紧双唇，仿佛害怕透露出她的消息。
[知识拓展]
(1)状语从句的省略条件：①when，while，though，even if，unless，if，as if/though等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it；②状语从句谓语中含有be动词的形式。
(2)状语从句的省略内容：省略从句中的主语和be动词。
(3)状语从句的省略结构可以放在句首、句中或者句末。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①There are some health problems that，when not treated(treat) in time，can become bigger ones later on.
②He stopped as if to see(see) what had happened to his car.
③While walking the dog(在遛狗的时候)，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
④If interested in it(如果对它感兴趣)，you can send an email to 123456@.
直接信息题
[例文] This month millions of American kids can forget about classroom bells and set off for grandparents' homes，sleep away camps and lifeguard stands.But summer vacation hasn't always been a birthright of U．S.schoolchildren.Before the Civil War，schools operated on one of two calendars (日历)，neither of which included a summer vacation.Rural (农村的)schooling was divided into summer and winter terms，leaving kids free to help with the farm work in the spring planting and fall harvest seasons.Urban students，meanwhile，regularly had as many as 48 weeks of study a year，with one break per quarter. 直接信息题一般能在文中直接找到明确的信息，往往只考查文章中的个别事实，通常只涉及原文一两句话的信息。也就是说，命题者设置的题目比较直接，理解字面意思即可作答。根据文章中的第三、四两句可知，在美国南北战争前，美国的农村学校让学生们帮助春种秋收，即帮助父母干农活。故答案选D。
◆What did the rural school calendar before the Civil War allow children to do
A．Enjoy a summer vacation.
B．Take a break each quarter.
C．Have 48 weeks of study a year.
D．Assist their parents with farm work.
[答案] D
[即学即练]
Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen.So she let out a yell，caught hold of her 2 year old daughter Kibibi and climbed up into a tree.She lives at the National Zoo in Washington，D.C.
And on Tuesday，August 23rd，witnesses said she seemed to sense the big earthquake that shook much of the East Coast before any humans knew what was going on.And she's not the only one.In the moments before the quake，an orangutan (猩猩)let out a loud call and then climbed to the top of her shelter.
“It's very different from their normal call，”said Brandie Smith，the zookeeper.“The lemurs (monkey like animals of Madagascar)will sound an alarm if they see or hear something highly unusual.”
But you can't see or hear an earthquake 15 minutes before it happens，can you Maybe you can—if you're an animal.
“Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing，”said Brandie Smith.“That's part of their special abilities.They're more sensitive to the environment，which is how they survive.”
1．Why did Mandara act strangely one day
A．Because it sensed something unusual would happen.
B．Because its daughter Kibibi was injured.
C．Because it heard an orangutan let out a loud call.
D．Because an earthquake had happened.
A [根据第一段“Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen.”可知，一天Mandara表现得很奇怪，因为它感觉有一些不同寻常的事情要发生，选A。]
2．According to Brandie Smith， ．
A．many animals' hearing is sharp
B．earthquakes produce two types of waves
C．primates usually gather together before a quake
D．humans can also develop the ability to sense a quake
A [根据第五段“‘Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing，’said Brandie Smith.‘That's part of their special abilities.They're more sensitive to the environment，which is how they survive.’”可知，Brandie Smith认为许多动物的听觉很敏锐，选A。]
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1Unit 1 Face values
1．identical adj.完全相同的；非常相似的→identically adv.相等，同一
2．acknowledge v．承认(某事属实或某情况存在)→acknowledgement n．(对某事属实或某情况存在)承认；感谢
3．pretend v．假装， 装作→pretender n．冒充者
1．acknowledge v．承认(某事属实或某情况存在)；告知收到；鸣谢，感谢
①He unwillingly acknowledged having made a mistake. v．承认
②We must acknowledge his letter as soon as we receive it. v．告知收到
③They wish to acknowledge the assistance of the police in the making of this film. v．鸣谢，感谢
2．overlook v．俯视；忽视，忽略；不计较
①I live in a dormitory which overlooks the garden. v.俯瞰
②I'll overlook your mistake this time，but don't make it again. v.不计较
③This area is often overlooked but has a huge impact on your life.
v.忽视，忽略
Words and Phrases
boost v．促进，推动 n．增加，促进，激励
(教材P2) Each “like” boosts my confidence.
照片的每个“赞”都会增强我的自信。
[例] The theatre managed to boost its audiences by cutting the price of tickets.
剧院设法通过降低票价增加了观众。
[知识拓展]
(1)boost to 提高到
boost one's confidence 增加某人的信心
boost one's spirit 振奋精神
boost up 向上推，抬高物价，增强
(2)a boost in ……的增加
a boost to 对……的促进
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The total was boosted to nearly ￡200 by donations from parents.
②With more cyclists on the roads，there has been a boost in bike sales over the past few months.
③No doubt，aid will be considered as a boost to global influence.
④ If you boost him up，he can just reach the top of the shelf.
⑤Encouraging your child's talents can boost his confidence and slowly establish his confidence in other areas.
鼓励孩子的天赋，能够提升他的自信，慢慢就能建立他在别的方面的信心。
pretend v．假装，装作；自认为
(教材P2) People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves.
那些把自己包装成别人的人，只会对自己产生错误的判断。
[例] When he came in，all of us pretended to be angry.
他进来时，我们都假装很生气。
[知识拓展]
pretend to do sth. 假装要做某事
pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在做某事
pretend to have done sth. 假装做了某事
pretend that... 假装……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①She pretended to be doing(do) her homework when her mother came in.
②When mother came back，I pretended to have fallen(fall) asleep.
③She opened a book，pretending(pretend) to read，with tears dropping on the open page.
④She pretended that she didn't know me when we met in the street，which really made me upset.
→She pretended not to know me when we met in the street，which really made me upset.
identical adj.完全相同的；非常相似的
(教材P3) I only used to have five identical pairs of trousers and five identical shirts.
我以前只有五条一模一样的裤子和五件一模一样的衬衫。
[例] The two pictures are similar, although not identical.
这两幅画很相似，虽然不完全相同。
[知识拓展]
(1)be identical to 和……一模一样；等同于
(2)identity n. 身份；同一性；一致
identity card(ID card) 身份证
(3)identify v. 确认；识别；鉴别
identify oneself with... 和……打成一片；致力于
(4)identification n. 确定；鉴定；辨认；身份证明
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①She is innocent；it was a case of mistaken identity(identical)．
②The early identification(identify) of children with special educational needs is very important.
③People who had identified(identify) themselves as not wealthy were more likely to listen to and look at the stranger.
④The name used must be identical to that shown in your identity document.
使用的姓名必须与身份证明文件相同。
bother v．(使)苦恼 n．麻烦；困难；令人烦恼的情况(或事物，人)
(教材P3) For a long time，this really bothered me.
很长一段时间，我都为此深受困扰。
[例] Thank you，but please don't bother.
谢谢，但请你不要费事了。
[知识拓展]
(1)bother sb. with/about sth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事
bother to do/doing sth. 费心做某事
Don't bother. 不必麻烦了/不用费心了
It bothers sb. to do sth. 做某事让某人烦恼
(2)have bother (in) doing... 做某事费劲
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①Don't bother your father with/about so many questions.He is too tired.
②It bothers me to think (think) of her alone in that big house.
③She didn't bother about feeding the baby so it was skinny.
→She didn't bother to feed/feeding the baby so it was skinny.
acknowledge v．承认(某事属实或某情况存在)
(教材P3) What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful，but happier，too!
我真正钦佩的是她承认健康不仅使我们更美丽而且使我们更快乐！
[例] He and others in the field acknowledge that there are many obstacles to overcome.
他和该领域的其他人都承认还有许多障碍需要克服。
[知识拓展]
(1)acknowledge sb./sth.to be/as... 认为某人/物是……；
承认某人/物是……
acknowledge doing/having done sth....
承认做了某事
It is universally acknowledged that... ……是大家公认的
(2)acknowledgement n． 承认；答谢
in acknowledgement of 为感谢……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①I was sent a free copy in acknowledgement(acknowledge) of my contribution.
② He is widely acknowledged to be(be) the best player in the world.
③他承认比赛输了。
He acknowledged having been defeated in the game. (＋doing)
＝He acknowledged that he was defeated in the game. (＋that从句)
＝He acknowledged himself (to be) defeated in the game. (＋复合宾语)
＝It was acknowledged that he was defeated in the game. (it作形式主语)
Sentence Patterns
as引导非限制性定语从句
(教材P2) As a song in Ugly Betty puts it，“It's a pretty person's world”．
正如《丑女贝蒂》中的一首歌中所唱的，“这是一个看脸的世界”。
句式分析：as a song in Ugly Betty puts it 是非限制性定语从句，as 代替整个主句的内容。as 引导非限制性定语从句时放在主句前后均可，意为“正如”，后边的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report等。
[例] As everyone puts it，“Practice makes perfect”．
正如大家所说的那样，“熟能生巧”。
[知识拓展]
as is known to all 众所周知
as is expected 正如所预料的那样
as is reported 正如所报道的那样
as we all know 正如我们所知道的那样
as you can see 正如你所看见的那样
as is often the case 这是常有的事
[即学即练] 完成句子/一句多译
①As I expected(正如我所预料的那样)，he got the first place again in this midterm examination.
② As was reported(据报道)，they failed in sending up a satellite.
③众所周知，大西洋仅有太平洋的一半大。
It is well known that the Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific Ocean.(that引导的主语从句)
＝As is well known，the Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific Ocean.(as引导的非限制性定语从句)
＝What is well known is that the Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific Ocean.(what引导的主语从句)
[名师点津] which引导的非限制性定语从句也可以指代整个主句，但不能位于主句之前。
That's why...那就是……的原因
(教材P3) That's why I could never understand my sister，who has 17 lipsticks and can't decide which one to use every morning.
这就是为什么我永远无法理解我姐姐，她有17支口红，每天早上都不知道该用哪支好。
句式分析：本句中That's why ...意为“那就是……的原因，这就是为什么……”；why引导表语从句，表示结果。
[例] That is why I don't approve of your plan.
那就是我不赞成你的计划的原因。
[知识拓展]
(1)This/That is/was why ...这/那就是……的原因(why引导表语从句，表示结果)
(2)This/That/It is/was because ...这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句，表示原因)
(3)The reason why ...is/was that ...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因)
[即学即练] 完成句子/句型转换
①From space, the earth looks blue.This is because (这是因为)about seventy one percent of its surface is covered by water.
②The reason why we don't trust him (我们不相信他的原因)is that he often lies.
③He fell from a tall tree.That was why he hurt his leg.
→He hurt his leg.That was because he fell from a tall tree.
→The reason why he hurt his leg was that he fell from a tall tree.
1．Through interviews，I was able to discover what“me”means to other people，and how they have learnt to appreciate the beauty in themselves.
分析：句中and连接两个宾语从句，what “me” means to other people为第一个宾语从句，由what引导，how they have learnt to appreciate the beauty in themselves为第二个宾语从句，由how引导。
译文：通过采访，我能够发现“我”对其他人意味着什么，以及他们如何学会欣赏自己的美。
2．Dad thinks I am a narcissist, but what I say is that my pictures aren't hurting anyone, so who cares
分析：本句为并列句，由but连接。what引导主语从句，what在从句中作say的宾语；that引导表语从句。
译文：爸爸觉得我太自恋，但我的解释是，我的照片没伤害其他人，管它呢？
教材 高考
1.As a song in Ugly Betty puts it，“It's a pretty person's world”． (2021·全国甲卷) As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力)，and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
2.People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves. (2019·天津卷)So I carried around a book，and each night，just to be like her，I would pretend to be reading.
3.For a long time，this really bothered me. (2019·江苏卷)Why bother？
4.What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful，but happier，too！ (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)If you talk about fashion today，you are talking about China—its influences，its direction，its breathtaking clothes，and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．In that game he pretended to have been killed (kill) and lay on the ground.
2．In order to pick that big apple，she asked me to boost her up．
3．Their views on this problem are identical (identity)．
4．Joe is acknowledged as the best basketball player of the year in our school.
5．Since you have a strong desire to learn (learn) Chinese culture，I think Peking University is an ideal place for you.
6．He is an American，as/which we know from his accent.
7．It seems that your mother won't allow you to swim in this river.
8．Let's go through the plan and then decide what to do(do) next.
9．We wish to establish business relations with you and enlarge (large) our sales volume.
10．You had better not bother to carry/carrying (carry) the bag for your son.Let him be independent.
Ⅱ.短语填空
a lack of，keep fit, a desire for，be surprised at，make an effort，leave an impression on，boost one's confidence，nothing but, from head to toe，come across
1．Although he is poor，he has a desire for being a rich man one day.
2．She must make an effort to get through the rough task.
3．Beating his football team also boosted our confidence in the following match last month.
4．The interviewer was looking at the little girl from head to toe．
5．We were surprised at the speed that all this was happening.
6．If you come across a term whose meaning you have forgotten，consult the index.
7．Her good behavior at table left a deep impression on all the guests at the party last night.
8．There being a lack of money，we had to put off building this special school.
9．Nothing but a miracle can save her life.
10．Vegetables and fruit are good for our health.Let's eat them every day to keep fit!
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
To discover 1.what “me” means to other people and how they have learnt to appreciate the beauty in themselves，Dr. Hart interviewed three people：The first person is Jade，24，an accounting manager.Every day，she spends hours 2.editing(edit)her selfies，posting them and eagerly waiting for comments from others.Dr. Hart thinks such 3.addicted(addict) people as her are a lack of self confidence and a desire for attention.People who pretend 4.to be(be) someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves.The second one is Anthony，21，is a college student 5.who had never really cared about his appearance.However，he changed his mind after his first time makeover for a TV programme，6.thinking(think) that external beauty can help us make a good 7.impression(impress) on others，which Dr. Hart thinks is true.The third one is Emma，a fat girl student，she hates 8.it when people stare at her and such anxiety drove her to try every means possible 9.to lose(lose) weight.Luckily，Tess Holliday's story changed her ideas about being beautiful.Dr. Hart is so happy for Emma and he completely agrees 10.with her—being healthy is beautiful，and we should wear that beauty with confidence.
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7Unit 1 Face values
速读P2－3教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及。
1．Jade is a plain looking girl.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
2．Dr. Hart thinks that it is helpful to pretend to be someone.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
3．Anthony has 17 lipsticks and can't decide which one to use every morning.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
4．Dr. Hart thinks inner beauty is less important than external beauty.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
5．Emma wants to be a plus size model at college.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
[答案] 1－5 ABBBC
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。
A．why I could never understand my sister
B．how good I looked
C．what I say
D．What I really admire
E．what it means to be beautiful
F．that inner beauty is very important
1．Dad thinks I am a narcissist，but is that my pictures aren't hurting anyone，so who cares
2．That's ，who has 17 lipsticks and can't decide which one to use every morning.
3．But I was surprised at after the makeover!
4．It's true ，but external beauty shouldn't be completely overlooked.
5．Her story changed my ideas about ．
6． is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful，but happier，too!
[答案] 1－6 CABFED
Ⅲ.表格填空
Attitude towards the external beauty Dr. Hart's opinion
Jade She is a girl who'd love to look good.She is 1.plain looking but she 2.has become addicted to selfie apps to make herself look more beautiful to get “likes” online. The image Jade presents to obtain the praise of others is 3.false.People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to 4.misjudge themselves.
Anthony He didn't 5.care about his appearance before.But since he attended a TV programme, he has realised external beauty isn't totally 6.worthless. Inner beauty is very important but external beauty shouldn't be completely 7.overlooked.
Emma Her larger appearance bothered her once.But a 8.plus size model's success story changed her idea about beauty.She realised that her health，9.mental and physical，is the most important thing. Being healthy is beautiful, and we should wear that beauty 10.with confidence．Good health not only makes us more beautiful，but happier, too！
细读P2－3教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
1．Para.1 A．External beauty helps us make a
good impression on others.
2．Para.2 B．A girl who likes editing her selfies.
3．Para.3 C．Inner beauty is important，but
external beauty shouldn't be
overlooked.
4．Para.4 D．Tess Holliday's story changed my
ideas about being beautiful.
5．Para.5 E．Good health not only makes us
more beautiful，but happier，too!
6．Para.6 F．People obsessed with online photo
editing are less confident.
[答案] 1－6 BFACDE
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．Why does the author say “I understand this more than most” in Paragraph 1
A．Each “like” boosts confidence.
B．The author has become addicted to selfie apps.
C．The author likes the song in Ugly Betty.
D．The author has always been plain looking.
2．What can we infer from Paragraph 1
A．Jade's behavior is popular with her parents.
B．Jade pretend to be someone by removing freckles.
C．Jade wants to catch others' attention and strengthen confidence.
D．Obsessive online photo editing doesn't exist among senior high students.
3．When did Anthony see himself as a handsome and well prepared man
A．At college.
B．At the age of 17.
C．When he first moved into his dormitory.
D．After he registered a TV programme.
4．What does Emma mean by using the story of Tess Holliday
A．To help people lose weight.
B．To explain what it means to be beautiful.
C．To stress Tess Holliday is attractive.
D．To explain what is beauty stereotypes.
5．What is the main idea of the passage
A．What is real beauty.
B．What is beauty stereotypes.
C．Inner beauty is more important than external beauty.
D．How to make a good impression on others.
[答案] 1－5 DCDBA
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能(一)——人物外貌描写
A．阅读课文中含有人物外貌描写的语句
1．I understand this more than most，as I have always been plain looking.
2．But I was surprised at how good I looked after the makeover!
3．For the first time in my life I saw myself as a handsome and well presented young man.
B．判断下列句子是否为描写人物外貌的语句
1．Ever since I was little，I've been larger than other girls. (是)
2．Although she's larger than most other models，she's really attractive and has the confidence to be herself—even in an industry full of beauty stereotypes. (是)
3．I realised that my health，mental and physical，is the most important thing. (不是)
4．I mean，isn't it better that I'm large and happy，instead of skinny and unhealthy？ (是)
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4Unit 1 Face values
主语从句
[观察例句]
观察下列句子并指出黑体部分的语法作用
1．That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us.
2．It's true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn't be completely overlooked.
3．Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.
4．Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.
5．What I say is that my pictures aren't hurting anyone.
6．Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.
7．When we arrive at the destination doesn't matter.
8．How this happened is not clear to anyone.
以上句子中，1－3为从属连词引导的主语从句；4－6为连接代词引导的主语从句；7－8为连接副词引导的主语从句。
[归纳用法]
一、主语从句的概述
在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫作主语从句。主语从句可直接放在句首，也可用形式主语it代替，而将主语从句后置。
二、主语从句的引导词
1．从属连词 that, whether, if等。
2．连接代词 who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等。
3．连接副词 when, where, why, how, whenever，however，wherever等。
三、主语从句的用法
1．that引导的主语从句
(1)that引导主语从句时只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，没有实际意义。但是that不能省略。
That we need more equipment is obvious.
显然，我们需要更多的设备。
That she won the game made us very happy.
她赢得了比赛令我们非常高兴。
[名师点津] 从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
(2)在that引导的主语从句中，常用it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句后置，常见的此类句型有：
①It＋be＋形容词(obvious, natural, surprising, possible, likely, important, necessary等)＋that从句
It is certain that she will do well in her exam.
可以肯定她会考得很好。
It is obvious that you have made a big mistake.
很明显你犯了一个大错。
[名师点津] 在句型It＋be＋形容词＋that从句中，如果形容词为necessary, important等，主语从句要用虚拟语气。即：It is necessary/important that＋主语＋(should)＋动词原形＋其他．
It is necessary that a college student (should) master one or two foreign languages.
大学生掌握一两门外语是非常有必要的。
It is important that he (should) attend every day.
他每天都要出席，这很重要。
②It＋be＋名词(词组)(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise等)＋that从句。
It is no surprise that our team have won the game.
我们队已经赢得了那场比赛并不令人惊奇。
It is a pity that you didn't attend the lecture yesterday.
很遗憾你昨天没去听讲座。
③It＋be＋过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, suggested等)＋that从句。
It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident.
据报道，事故中没有乘客受伤。
It is generally considered that boys are better at science than girls.
人们普遍认为男孩比女孩更擅长理科。
[名师点津] 如果过去分词为表示建议、命令、要求等的词(suggested，advised，ordered，requested，insisted，demanded等)，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词的形式为“(should)＋动词原形”。
It is suggested that you(should) spend more time in studying English.
建议你花更多的时间学习英语。
④It＋动词/动词短语(seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, prove, occur to sb.等)＋that从句
It happened that I was away when he called.
他来电话时我碰巧不在。
It occurred to me that we should get in touch with the manager.
我突然想起我们应该和经理联系。
2．whether引导的主语从句
whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句末(前面需用it作形式主语)。whether意为“是否”，只起连接作用，在句中不作成分，且不可省略。
Whether we will go for an autumn outing is not sure.
＝It is not sure whether we will go for an autumn outing.
我们是否要去秋游还没定下来。
It is unknown whether he has agreed to my plan.
不知道他是否已经同意了我的计划。
[即学即练1] 用适当的从属连词填空
①That the earth moves around the sun is known to all.
②It is likely that he can't come to the meeting.
③Whether you can succeed or not depends on how hard you work at it.
④It remains to be seen whether/if we shall raise ducks or geese.
3．连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句
(1)连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语时，不可以省略。
What he said just now is true.
他刚才说的是真的。
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
无论谁触犯了法律都会受到惩罚。
[名师点津] ①whoever和whatever引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语。
②what引导主语从句并在从句中作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；what引导主语从句并在从句中作宾语时，谓语动词的单复数由谓语动词后面名词的数决定。
What hurt my feelings was the judge's comment.
伤害我感情的是评审员的评语。
What the kid wanted was only a new school bag.(school bag是可数名词单数，谓语动词用单数)
那个孩子想要的只是一个新书包。
What they need are a car and some water.(a car and some water表示复数概念，谓语动词用复数)
他们需要的是一辆车和一些水。
(2)连接副词when, where, why, how，whenever，however, wherever等在从句中作状语。
Where he lives is not known to anyone.
他住在哪里谁也不知道。
When we'll go for a picnic isn't known.(when在从句中作时间状语)
我们什么时候去野餐还不知道。
[即学即练2] 用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空
①Whoever comes to the party will receive a present.
②When they will start has not been decided yet.
③What caused the accident is a complete mystery.
④Which team will win the match remains to be seen.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It is not a problem whether we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
2. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.
3．But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.
4．It's partly true that Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.
5．Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
6．That she was invited to the ball made her very happy.
7．Sometimes, how we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her.
8．It remains to be seen whether this plan is practical enough to keep the project going.
9．Who will take over the company has not been decided yet.
10．Exactly when the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
It is true 1.that inner beauty is very important, but sometimes, 2.what we wear can't be ignored completely.Supposing you are going to attend an interview, 3.how you look in appearance may decide whether you will be accepted, because 4.that we dressed appropriately will leave a good first impression on the interviewer.In this case, 5.whether we should pay attention to our external beauty is obvious.6.Who seems more beautiful may boost the self confidence and perform well in the interview.
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4Unit 1 Face values
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.enlarge A．adj.痴迷的，迷恋的；过度的(含贬义)
( )2.obsessive B．v.(使)增大，扩大
( )3.misjudge C．adj.古怪的；奇异的
( )4.bizarre D．v.对(人或情况)判断错误
( )5.skinny E．adj.极瘦的，皮包骨的
[答案] 1－5 BADCE
b．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.boost one's confidence A．从头到脚
( )2.from head to toe B．增加某人的信心
( )3.a lack of C．渴求
( )4.a desire for D．对……感到惊讶
( )5.be surprised at E．缺乏
[答案] 1－5 BAECD
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．self critical adj. 自我批评的，自我批判的
2．boost v. 促进，推动
3．pretend v. 假装，装作
4．identical adj. 完全相同的；非常相似的
5．dormitory n. (大学里的)学生宿舍楼
6．roommate n. (尤指大学里的)室友
7．overlook v. 忽视，忽略
8．bother v. (使)苦恼
9．pill n. 药丸，药片
10．acknowledge v. 承认(某事属实或某情况存在)
Ⅰ.语境填空
identical; self critical; roommate; dormitory; bother; acknowledge; makeover; pretend; boost; pill
1．I took a pill to help settle my nerves.
2．She lived in a dormitory before graduation.
3．The football match will boost the team's friendship and confidence.
4．Don't turn in work that you know is wrong but pretend that you think it is right.
5．These figures are almost identical to the predictions we issued last August.
6．At last，she had to acknowledge being defeated by her partner.
7．I don't want to bother her with my problems at the moment.
8．Only an open ended and continuously self critical approach could avoid paralysis in the theory.
9．After having a makeover at a beauty salon，she went to the party with her husband.
10．The girl who I talked to just now is my roommate．
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．He said he hadn't eaten anything for over 3 days and looked extremely skinny (skin) and unhealthy.
2．There are plans to enlarge (large)the recreation area.
3．She is happy to find her mother tolerating her obsessive (obsess) behavior of playing computer.
4．To misjudge(judge)means to form a wrong opinion about a person or situation.
1．It's a small word with big meaning，and that meaning is as individual to each of us as the way we look.
这个小小的字有着十分丰富的含义，对于我们每个人来说，这个意义就像我们的外表一样是因人而异的。
2．As a song in Ugly Betty puts it，“It's a pretty person's world”．
正如《丑女贝蒂》中的一首歌中所唱的，“这是一个看脸的世界”。
3．I spend hours every day editing my selfies，posting them and eagerly checking my phone a hundred times for comments.
我每天会花数小时修我的自拍照，发照片，并频繁地打开手机，迫切地查看评论。
4．People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves.
那些把自己包装成别人的人，只会对自己产生错误的判断。
5....being healthy is beautiful，and we should wear that beauty with confidence.
……健康的才是美丽的，我们应该自信地接受这种美丽。
名师圈点
①big adj.重大的，重要的
②individual adj.独特的，与众不同的
③interview n．采访
④appreciate v．欣赏
⑤plain looking adj.相貌平平的
⑥remove v．去掉，去除
⑦enlarge v．(使)增大，扩大
⑧slim v．变苗条，减肥
⑨become addicted上瘾
⑩edit v．编辑
post v．上传
comment n．评论
boost one's confidence 增加某人的信心
a lack of缺少，缺乏
a desire for attention 渴望关注
misjudge v．对(人或情况)判断错误
appearance n．外表，外貌
identical adj.完全相同的；非常相似的
register v．登记，注册
from head to toe从头到脚
be surprised at 对……感到惊讶
perceive v．注意到，觉察到
external beauty外在美
personality n．个性，气质
overlook v．忽视，忽略
make an effort努力
leave a positive first impression on给……留下积极的第一印象
bother v．(使)苦恼
stare at凝视，盯着看
lose weight减肥
diet v．节食
keep fit保持健康
skinny adj.极瘦的，皮包骨的
acknowledge v．承认(某事属实或某情况存在)
原文呈现
It's all about ME!
“Me”．It's a small word with big① meaning, and that meaning is as individual② to each of us as the way we look.Through interviews③， I was able to discover what “me” means to other people, and how they have learnt to appreciate④ the beauty in themselves.[1]
Psychologist, Dr. Hart
[1]本句为主从复合句。what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作means的宾语；how引导宾语从句；and为并列连词，连接what和how引导的宾语从句。
Jade, 24, accounting manager
As a song in Ugly Betty puts it, “It's a pretty person's world”. I understand this more than most, as I have always been plain looking⑤.[2]I'm a girl who'd love to look good.Well, who wouldn't So, ever since I discovered selfie apps that could remove⑥ my freckles, enlarge⑦ my eyes and even slim⑧my jawline, I have become addicted⑨.[3]I spend hours every day editing⑩ my selfies, posting them and eagerly checking my phone a hundred times for comments .Each “like” boosts my confidence .Dad thinks I am a narcissist, but what I say is that my pictures aren't hurting anyone, so who cares？[4]
[2]本句为主从复合句。as引导原因状语从句。
[3]本句为主从复合句。ever since引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句，先行词为apps, that在从句中作主语。
[4]本句为并列句，由but连接。what引导主语从句，what在从句中作say的宾语；that引导表语从句。
Dr. Hart says：
Obsessive online photo editing indicates a lack of self confidence and a desire for attention .However, the image Jade presents to obtain the praise of others is false.People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves.
Anthony, 21, college student
I never really cared about my appearance .That's why I could never understand my sister, who has 17 lipsticks and can't decide which one to use every morning.[5]I only used to have five identical pairs of trousers and five identical shirts.When I first moved into my dormitory at college, this made my roommates quite confused as they saw me in the same clothes day after day.Last month they registered me for a TV programme, A New You.It felt bizarre at first.I didn't like being reviewed from head to toe .But I was surprised at how good I looked after the makeover! For the first time in my life I saw myself as a handsome and well presented young man.At that moment, I perceived that external beauty isn't totally worthless.It can be an expression of our personalities , helping us make a good and positive impression on others.
[5]本句为主从复合句。why引导表语从句；who引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为my sister, who在从句中作主语。
Dr. Hart says：
It's true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn't be completely overlooked .[6]It plays a part in the image we present to the world, and making an effort with your appearance can leave a positive first impression on others and boost your confidence.
[6]本句为主从复合句。It为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。
Emma，17, senior high school student
Ever since I was little, I've been larger than other girls.For a long time, this really bothered me.People would stare at me because I was “big” and I hated the way I looked.My anxiety drove me to try every means possible to lose weight , including dieting and weight loss pills, but this brought me nothing but pain and poor health.Everything changed when one day I came across the success story of a plus size model, Tess Holliday.Although she's larger than most other models, she's really attractive and has the confidence to be herself—even in an industry full of beauty stereotypes.Her story changed my ideas about what it means to be beautiful.I realised that my health, mental and physical, is the most important thing.Now I exercise a couple of times a week but just to keep fit .I mean, isn't it better that I'm large and happy, instead of skinny and unhealthy
Dr. Hart says：
I completely agree with Emma—being healthy is beautiful, and we should wear that beauty with confidence.What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too！[7]
[7] 本句为主从复合句。what引导主语从句，what在从句中作admire的宾语；she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too为定语从句，先行词为the way，在这个定语从句中含有that引导的宾语从句。
译文参考
一切都关于“我”！
“我”。这个小小的字有着十分丰富的含义，对于我们每个人来说，这个意义就像我们的外表一样是因人而异的。通过采访，我能够发现“我”对其他意味着什么，以及他们如何学会欣赏自己的美。
心理学家 哈特博士
杰德，24岁，会计经理
正如《丑女贝蒂》中的一首歌中所唱的，“这是个看脸的世界”。我比大多数人都更能理解这句话的含义，因为我一直相貌平平。我是个爱美的女孩。好吧，谁不是呢？所以，自从我发现自拍软件能消除我的雀斑，拉大眼睛，甚至削尖下巴，我就用上瘾了。我每天会花数小时修我的自拍照，发照片，并频繁地打开手机，迫切地查看评论。照片的每个“赞”都会增强我的自信。爸爸觉得我太自恋，但我的解释是，我的照片没伤害其他人，管它呢？
哈特博士说：
沉迷于修饰上传网络的照片，其实是缺乏自信和渴望关注的表现。不管怎样，杰德呈现给别人想要博取赞美的形象，都是虚假的。那些把自己包装成别人的人，只会对自己产生错误的判断。
安东尼，21岁，大学生
我向来不关心自己的外表。这就是为什么我永远无法理解我姐姐，她有17支口红，每天早上都不知道该用哪支好。我以前只有五条一模一样的裤子和五件一模一样的衬衫。当我第一次搬进大学宿舍时，室友看到我每天穿同样的衣服都十分困惑不解。上个月，他们给我在一个叫《全新的你》的电视节目中报了名。我最初感觉很奇怪。我不喜欢被人从头到脚地打量。但经过一番装扮之后，我被自己的美貌震惊了！我人生中第一次发现，原来自己也可以是个英俊又体面的年轻人。在那一刻，我意识到外在美并非毫无价值。它可以表达我们的个性，也有助于我们给他人留下良好、积极的印象。
哈特博士说：
内在美固然重要，但也不能完全忽视外在美。外在美在我们呈现给世界的形象中扮演着重要的角色，努力提升你的外表可以给别人留下积极的第一印象，增强你的自信。
埃玛，17岁，高中生
从小我就比其他女孩块头大。很长一段时间，我都为此深受困扰。仅仅因为我“块头大”，别人就会盯着我看，我讨厌自己的样子。内心的焦虑促使我尝试各种减肥方法，包括节食和吃减肥药，但是这样做毫无作用，反而给我带来了痛苦和不健康的身体。有一天，我偶然读到大号模特特丝·霍利迪的成功故事，一切都发生了转变。虽然特丝比大多数模特块头都大，但她真的魅力十足，并且有信心做自己——即使是在这个对美的概念有着刻板印象的行业。她的故事改变了我对美的看法。我意识到，自己身心健康才是最重要的。现在，我每周锻炼几次，只是为了保持健康。我的意思是，我壮实且快乐着，总比瘦却不健康要好得多吧？
哈特博士说：
我完全赞同埃玛——健康的才是美丽的，我们应该自信地接受这种美丽。我真正钦佩的是她承认健康不仅使我们更美丽而且使我们更快乐！
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7Unit 1 Face values
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.monstrous A．adj.胆小的，胆怯的
( )2.righteous B．adj.正派的，正直的
( )3.timid C．adj. 丑陋的；骇人的
( )4.heartfelt D．adj.好读书的，书呆子气的
( )5.bookish E．adj.衷心的，诚挚的
[答案] 1－5 CBAED
b．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.out of mercy A．沉默地，静静地
( )2.be sentenced to death B．适应
( )3.in silence C．试图做……
( )4.adjust to D．出于怜悯
( )5.attempt to do E．被判死刑
[答案] 1—5 DEABC
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．assumption n． 假定，假设
2．saving n. 积蓄
3．welfare n． 帮助；福利
4．finding n. 研究的结果；发现
5．novelist n． 小说家
6．comprehension n. 理解(力)
7．accent n. 口音
8．expression n. 表情；神色
9．repay v. 报答
10．motive n. (尤指隐藏的)动机，原因，目的
Ⅰ.语境填空
accent; resemble; repay; immense; motive; heartfelt; timid; welfare; profound; compassion
1．It's amazing how closely Brian and Steve resemble each other.
2．The mother's behavior has a profound impact on the development of the children.
3．They expressed their heartfelt gratefulness to us.
4．Joe had a low，guttural voice with a mid Western accent．
5．What is the motive behind the bombing
6．The program has lived up to its promise to promote family welfare．
7．Her own experiences taught her to have compassion for misunderstood children.
8．I'd like to buy them something to repay all their kindness.
9．They've been rather timid in the changes they've made.
10．Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．His expression(express)shows how unhappy he is.
2．Mo Yan is the first Chinese novelist(novel) who has won the Nobel Prize in Literature.
3．A lot of people make the assumption (assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World.
4．As he fell, he let out a frightful (fright) scream.
5．Some won't have the least comprehension(comprehend)of what I'm trying to do.
6．Such a finding(find)as this wonderful antique is rare indeed.
1．Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh defect in Quasimodo, as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his hunched back, from his hunched back to his single eye.
每一刻，随着埃斯梅拉达的目光从卡西莫多的弯腿移到驼背，再从他的驼背移到独眼上，她都在他身上发现更多的毛病。
2．There lay in the accents of the unfortunate man so significant an awareness of his sadness that she had not the strength to utter a syllable.
从这个不幸的人的语调中，她明显地感觉到他的悲伤，因此连一个字也说不出来。
3．When I compare myself to you，I feel an immense pity for myself，poor unfortunate monster that I am!
当我把自己和你比较时，我就非常怜悯自己，我是多么可怜而不幸的怪物啊！
4．A drop of water and a little pity —that is more than I can repay with my life.
我即使为你赴汤蹈火，也报答不了那滴水和你的怜悯之心。
名师圈点
①publish v．出版
②capture v．捕获
③out of mercy 出于怜悯
④be sentenced to death 被判处死刑
⑤commit v．犯罪
⑥rescue ...from ...把……从……中拯救出来
⑦in silence 默默地
⑧comprehension n．理解(力)
⑨adjust to适应
⑩break the silence打破沉默
hesitate v．犹豫不决
compassion n．怜悯；同情
strength n．力量，力气
in any case无论如何
compare to和……相比
immense adj.巨大的
neither ...nor ...既不……也不……
heartbreaking adj.令人悲伤的
attempt to do sth.企图做某事
repay v．报答
profound adj.(感情)强烈的，深切的
honour n．荣誉，名誉
原文呈现
The Hunchback of Notre Dame
Published① in 1831, [1]The Hunchback of Notre Dame tells a tragic story of events in Paris.Esmeralda's beauty means that many men fall in love with her.One such man sends the hunchback Quasimodo to kidnap Esmeralda.But Quasimodo fails and is captured② and tortured in public.Esmeralda hears his call for water, and steps forwards out of mercy③.She offers Quasimodo a drink of water, which saves him and also captures his heart.When Esmeralda is later sentenced to death④ for a crime she did not commit⑤， Quasimodo rescues her from⑥ an angry crowd outside the Notre Dame Cathedral.Esmeralda is safe from execution as long as she stays inside the cathedral...
[1]Published in 1831为过去分词短语作状语，publish与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments, as they considered their predicament in silence⑦， she so graceful, he so repulsive.Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh defect in Quasimodo, as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his hunched back, from his hunched back to his single eye.How anyone could be formed in such a way was beyond her comprehension⑧.Yet there was so much melancholy and so much gentleness spread over all this that she gradually adjusted to⑨ it.
He was the first to break the silence⑩.“So you were telling me to return？”
She moved her head, and said, “Yes.”
He understood the motion of the head.“But！” he said, as though hesitating whether to finish, “I am—I am deaf.”
“Poor wretch！” exclaimed Esmeralda, with an expression of heartfelt compassion .
He began to smile sadly.
“You suppose that was all that I was missing, do you not Yes, I am deaf, that is the way I am made.It is horrible, is it not, next to your exquisite beauty！”
There lay in the accents of the unfortunate man so significant an awareness of his sadness that she had not the strength to utter a syllable.[2]In any case ， he would not have heard her.He continued：
[2]so ...that ...引导结果状语从句。
“Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment.[3]When I compare myself to you, I feel an immense pity for myself, poor unfortunate monster that I am! Be honest, to you I must resemble some savage creature.You, you are a ray of sunshine, a drop of dew, a birdsong, whilst I am something terrible, neither human nor beast.I don't know what I am, as I am coarser, more downtrodden, and plainer than a pebble！”[4]
[3]本句为倒装句。表示否定意义的词位于句首，句子用部分倒装。
[4]本句为主从复合句。what引导宾语从句；as引导原因状语从句。
Then he began to laugh, and that laugh was the most heartbreaking sound in the world.He continued：
“Yes, I am deaf, but you shall talk to me with your hands as my master talks to me, and then I shall quickly know your wishes from the movement of your lips, from your expression.”
“ Well! ” she smiled, “Explain to me why you rescued me.”
He watched her intently while she was speaking.
“I understand，” he replied.“You ask me why I rescued you.You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted to kidnap you one night, this same person to whom you showed kindness when he was being punished.A drop of water and a little pity—that is more than I can repay with my life.You have forgotten that unfortunate soul, but he remembers it.”
She listened to him with profound tenderness.A tear swam in the eye of Quasimodo, but did not fall.He seemed to make it a point of honour to keep it at bay.
(Adaptation from The Hunchback of Notre Dame by Victor Hugo)
译文参考
巴黎圣母院
《巴黎圣母院》于1831年出版。它讲述了一个发生在巴黎的悲惨故事。埃斯梅拉达的美使无数男人为她倾倒。这些倾慕者中有一个人派驼背卡西莫多去绑架埃斯梅拉达。但卡西莫多失败了，在公共场合被捕并遭受酷刑。埃斯梅拉达听到他对水的呼唤，怜悯之心油然而生。她给卡西莫多递上水，这不仅拯救了他的生命，也俘获了他的心。后来当埃斯梅拉达因莫须有的罪名被判死刑时，卡西莫多从圣母院外愤怒的人群中救下了她。只要她留在教堂内，就可以免于被处决的危险……
埃斯梅拉达和卡西莫多许久没有动，默默地思考着自己的处境，一个是那样优美，一个是那么难看。每一刻，随着埃斯梅拉达的目光从卡西莫多的弯腿移到驼背，再从他的驼背移到独眼上，她都在他身上发现更多的毛病。她难以理解一个人怎么能长得如此畸形。但他表现出那样的忧郁与那样的温顺，她渐渐地适应了。
他首先打破了沉默：“那么你是叫我回来吗？”
她点点头，答道：“是的。”
他明白点头的意思。“不过。”他说，似乎犹豫着要不要说下去，“我是——我是聋子。”
“可怜的人！”埃斯梅拉达喊道，发自内心地对他表示同情。
他苦笑起来。
“你觉得那就是我的所有缺陷，对不对？是啊，我是聋子，生来如此。真是可怕，不是吗？而你呢，却如此美丽！”
从这个不幸的人的语调中，她明显地感觉到他的悲伤，因此连一个字也说不出来。无论如何，他都不会听到她的话。他接着说道：
“我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋。当我把自己同你比较时，我就非常怜悯自己，我是多么可怜而不幸的怪物啊！说实话，你一定把我当成某种野兽了吧。你呀，你就像一束阳光，一滴露珠，像鸟鸣声，而我呢，却是一个可怕的东西，不像人也不像兽。我不知道我是什么，我比卵石还要粗糙、低贱、不显眼！”
然后他笑了起来，那是世界上最痛心的笑声。他接着说道：
“是啊，我是聋子，但你可以用手势对我讲话，就像我的主人跟我说话那样，这样，从你的口型和你的表情，我很快就能明白你的意思。”
“好啊！”她微笑着说道，“告诉我你为什么要救我。”
她说话的时候，他专注地看着她。
“我明白了，”他回答道，“你问我为什么要救你。你忘了，有天晚上，有个坏家伙想绑架你，你却在他被惩罚时对他表示友善。我即使为你赴汤蹈火，也报答不了那滴水和你的怜悯之心。你已经忘记那个不幸的人了，他却还记着你的恩情。”
她带着满心温柔听完他的话。一滴泪珠在卡西莫多的眼眶里滚动，却没有落下来。似乎不让眼泪落下来，他就可以维护自己的尊严。
(改编自维克多·雨果的《巴黎圣母院》)
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