Unit 2 A life’s work
写一篇说明文
说明文主要集中在介绍事物、社会现象、地点等方面。写作时要按照一定的顺序进行介绍和说明。
[基本框架]
1．开头：主要介绍要说明的对象及说明的目的。
2．主体：详细说明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步骤。
3．结尾：进行总结概括。
[注意事项]
1．仔细审题：明确说明对象，要主次分明，抓住要说明的事物的主要特征。
2．选择合理的说明顺序：比如时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序，分层进行说明，注意条理清晰。
[常用词块]
1．be familiar with its history 熟悉它的历史
2．other important aspects其他重要的方面
3．raise their awareness of keeping fit提高他们保持健康的意识
4．play a very important role in daily communication在日常交流中起着非常重要的作用
5．the reason behind this这背后的原因
6．the application of new technologies新技术的应用
7．account for the increase解释增长的原因
8．for one reason or another因某种理由
9．has a history of more than 3，000 years有3 000多年的历史
10．cover(s) an area of more than 16，000 square kilometres占地面积16 000多平方公里
[常用语句]
☆精彩开头
1．Today，the topic is...今天的主题是……
2．When you find/see...，what should you do
当你发现/看到……，你应该怎么做？
3．As is known to all，it is important to...
众所周知，……是很重要的。
☆丰满主体
1．The reason for...is that...……的原因是……
2．This brings out the important fact that...
这引出了一个重要的事实……
3．More importantly，you should...
更重要的是，你应该……
4．It is well known that...is very important in our daily lives because...
众所周知，……在我们的日常生活中很重要，因为……
5....can not only...，but also...
……不仅……，而且……
6....is very important / convenient / helpful when people want to...
当人们想要……时，……很重要/方便/有用。
☆余味结尾
1．It would give us a chance to...
这将给我们一个机会……
2．In a word，as long as you...you can...
总之，只要你……你可以……
3．In a word，...is also a fascinating place to enjoy your holiday and it's convenient to travel there.
总之，……也是一个享受假期的好地方，去那里旅游很方便。
假定你是李华，自制了一些中国结(Chinese knot)，打算让开网店的美国朋友Tom代卖。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．外观(尺寸、颜色、材料)；
2．象征意义；
3．价格。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【学生习作】
Dear Tom，
How are you doing？I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots for me.
I made them myself with red silk threads，cloth and other materials.These knots look really beautiful in the shape of a diamond，about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide.In China，they stand for friendship，love and good luck.People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses or in their cars.
点评：
1．条理清晰；
2．内容不全；
3．句式较为简单。
【升格作文】
Dear Tom，
How are you doing？I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots for me.
I made them myself with red silk threads，cloth and other materials.These knots look really beautiful in the shape of a diamond，about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide.In China，they stand for friendship，love and good luck.People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses or in their cars，which is likely to give people an extraordinary experience.They are only 12 US dollars each.
请你根据所给的提纲以“A Person with a Traditional Skill” 为题， 介绍一位身怀传统技艺的人物。词数80左右。
姓名 李奇异
年龄 65岁
外貌 中等身高，有点瘦
特长 擅长剪纸艺术，4岁开始跟父亲学习剪纸，有一双灵巧(skillful)的手，常常只需要几分钟就能用剪刀将彩纸剪成各种各样的形状，如动物、花儿和人物……
你的看法 ……
A Person with a Traditional Skill
【参考范文】
A Person with a Traditional Skill
Li Qiyi, a 65 year old man who is of average height and a little thin, is good at paper cutting.He began to learn paper cutting from his father when he was four years old.Not only does he work very hard but also he has a pair of skillful hands.Using colour paper and scissors, he can finish one piece of work in only a few minutes.His works are in all kinds of shapes，such as animals，flowers and characters, which I think are really fantastic.
Paper cutting is a kind of amazing art and we all should try our best to keep this traditional skill alive forever.
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4Unit 2 A life’s work
1．My philosophy of life is work. —Thomas Alva Edison
我的人生哲学就是工作。 ——托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生
2．When work is a pleasure，life is joy! When work is duty，life is slavery. —Maxim Gorky
工作是一种乐趣时，生活是一种享受！工作是一种义务时，生活则是一种苦役。 ——马克西姆·高尔基
3．It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. —Winston Churchill
不能爱哪行才干哪行，要干哪行爱哪行。 ——温斯顿·丘吉尔
4．Natural abilities are like natural plants that need pruning by study. —Francis Bacon
天生的才干如同天生的植物一样，需要靠学习来修剪。
——弗朗西斯·培根
5．Work banishes those three great evils: boredom，vice，and poverty. —Voltaire
工作撵跑三个魔鬼：无聊、堕落和贫穷。 ——伏尔泰
Choosing a job is never easy.Whether it is for students or for those who have already worked in the workplace，this is a major decision.Standing in front of a main crossroads of life，we may panic and become confused.Maybe you should ask yourself this question first: Does this position meet my values It is undeniable (不可否认的)that each of us has our own values.Some people like to judge the merits and demerits of different values; but the fact is that most times there are only differences among various values，not superiority (优势)or inferiority(劣势)．Different values should adopt different paths.Don't forget.It is the adequate one which is the best.May you find the future that suits you best.
Do you have a goal for life What's it Do you want to become a writer，singer or just become a rich person
Wang Yu worked in a small company in Nanjing.The job was good and he didn't have to work for extra hours.However，he felt the work was not exciting at all and the life was boring.So he gave up his job and went to Beijing in February，2007.When he arrived in Beijing，he set his new goal as finding a good job.
One researcher says，“Everybody has his/her own life goal，which will be surely different from people to people.If one is poor，one's life goal will be to earn more money; if one doesn't have a diploma，studying hard to get a diploma will become his life goal; and if one doesn't have love，his life goal will be to look for it.But if one has no life goal，he will idle away (虚度) his lifetime.”
[探索发现]
1．What was Wang Yu's new goal when he arrived in Beijing
Finding a good job.
2．What is a poor man's life goal according to this passage
To earn more money.
3．What is the main idea of this passage
Set your practical goal.
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1Unit 2 A life’s work
阅读P20－21教材中的材料，选出最佳选项。
1．What is the structure of this passage
A．total—divide
B．total—divide—total
C．divide—total
D．divide—total—divide
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．It was through a documentary that outsiders knew the restoration masters.
B．In the Palace Museum，there have been many watchmakers working on timepieces.
C．One of the ways for foreign envoys to please Qing emperors was to present them with rare treasures.
D．All the timepieces repaired by Mr Wang were sent by foreigners.
3．Why does the author say “it seems unlikely that the restoration of the clocks will ever be complete” in Paragraph 5
A．Because in the workshop there are other jobs waiting to be done.
B．Because there are so few professional maintenance persons.
C．Because it takes a long time to fix a clock.
D．Because many repaired clocks probably need to be repaired again.
[答案] 1－3 BAD
Words and Phrases
trial n．试验，试用
(教材P17) ...Ruth managed to grow them by much trial and error.
……鲁丝经过反复试验，终于把它们培育出来了。
[例] New cars have several severe trials before they are put on the market.
汽车在投放市场前要经过多次严格试验。
[知识拓展]
by/through trial and error 通过反复试验
on trial 在试用中；在受审
bring sb.to trial 将某人送交法院审讯
come to trial 开庭审理
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The product they offered is on trial in our workshop.
②It is known to all that many drugs were found by/through trial and error.
③The judge did not say when they might be brought to trial．
法官没有说明他们将于何时接受庭审。
back down退让；认输
(教材P19) Spending years apart from his family and enduring the extreme conditions of the Gobi desert，he refused to back down from his responsibilities and kept on conducting scientific research.
他与家人分别多年，忍受着戈壁沙漠的极端条件，拒绝放弃自己的责任，继续进行科学研究。
[例] The school was closed，and did not reopen until Tom backed down.
学校被迫关闭，直到汤姆让步才重开。
[知识拓展]
back up 支持；倒退
back out 退出
back and forth 来回地；反复地
turn one's back on 背弃；抛弃
at the back of 在……后面/后部
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The police officers are backed up by extra teams of people at the weekend.
②She turned her back on them when her roommates needed her.
③They sat at the back of the room，pretending to be talking in whispers.
④In that faraway town，two small boats ferry people back and forth．
在那个遥远的小镇上，两只小船往返为人们摆渡。
restoration n．(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复，整修
(教材P20) Among these is the clock restoration master，Wang Jin.
这其中便包括钟表修复大师王津。
[例] The restoration took almost 4，000 man hours over four years.
修复工作历时4年，耗费近4 000个工时。
[知识拓展]
restore v． 恢复；修复
restore...to... 使……恢复到……；
把……归还给……
restore to 恢复到；归还
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①We will restore her to health but it may take time.
②They have undertaken a careful restoration (restore)of the building.
③In this case，we just restore to the existing database．
在本例中，我们要恢复到现有数据库。
preserve v．维护，保护；保存
(教材P21) This new generation of artisans will not only help preserve traditional skills；the innovation they bring to the craft will also ensure that the art of clock repairing stands the test of time.
新一代的工匠们不仅能够协助保留传统技艺，他们给技艺带来的创新也将确保钟表修复艺术能够经得起时间的考验。
[例] It is the duty of the police to preserve public order.
维护公共秩序是警察的职责。
[知识拓展]
(1)preserve...from... 保护……免受……
(2)preservation n．[U] 保存；保护
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Although it has been buried underground for over 1，000 years，the ancient queen's body remains well preserved (preserve)．
②The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation(preserve)．
③Social activities usually preserve old people from the loneliness of old age.
社交活动通常防止老年人晚年孤独。
ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的
(教材P23) Each generation conscientiously learnt their craft and undertook ambitious projects，many of which took years to complete.
每一代人都认真地学习他们的手艺，并开展了宏大的项目，其中许多项目需要数年才能完成。
[例] It is acknowledged that the result of our ambitious project will amaze the world.
大家公认我们这个雄心勃勃的项目定能创造出令世人惊叹的成果。
[知识拓展]
(1)be ambitious for 渴望得到……
(2)ambition n. 雄心，野心
ambition to do/of doing sth. 做某事的雄心
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It was too ambitious (ambition) a task for just one person.
②This single mother was ambitious for her son and made up her mind to make him a big fish out of a common boy.
③What bothered her was that she never achieved her ambition of becoming/to become a famous writer．
让她苦恼的是她一直未能实现成为著名作家的夙愿。
associate v．与……有关
(教材P23) Yet they did not seek fame，and even today，their great works are associated more with the imperial court than with them.
然而，他们并不追求名声，即使在今天，他们的伟大作品更多地与朝廷联系在一起，而不是与他们联系在一起。
[例] You wouldn't normally associate these two novelists—their styles are completely different.
通常你不会把这两位小说家相提并论——他们两人的风格完全不同。
[知识拓展]
(1) associate...with... 把……和……联系在一起
associate with 与……交往
be associated with 与……有联系，与……联系在一起
(2)association n. 联合；关联；联想；协会
in association with 与……联合，联手
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句式升级
①I don't like you associating with such sensitive people.
②Man is a social animal.He finds his satisfaction in association with others.
③He was associated with the case of the lost antiques，so he was arrested.
→Associated with the case of the lost antiques，he was arrested.(用非谓语动词改写)
comprise v．包括，由……构成
(教材P23) The main body comprises paragraphs with supporting evidence and facts.
正文部分包括有支持证据和事实的段落。
[例] Twelve departments comprise this university.
12个系组成了这所大学。
[知识拓展]
be comprised of 包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
consist of 由……组成
be made up of 由……组成，构成
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①A week consists of seven days.
②救援队由8名士兵和2名医生组成。
The rescue team is comprised of eight soldiers and two doctors.
＝The rescue team consists of eight soldiers and two doctors.
＝The rescue team is made up of eight soldiers and two doctors.
[名师点津] consist of没有被动语态，相当于be made up of或be comprised of，且不用于进行时。
Sentence Pattern
with复合结构
(教材P21) With objects ranging from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height，each of these requires its own unique method of restoration.
从小怀表到一米多高的钟表，每一件都需要独特的修复方法。
句式分析：句中With objects ranging from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height为介词with的复合结构，在句中作状语。
[例] He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.
他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动，只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动。
[知识拓展]
with复合结构由“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”组成，常在句中作状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等，也可作定语。其构成有下列几种情形：
with＋名词(或代词)＋
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①With a guide to show (show) us around the scenic spots，we're sure to have a good time.
②With more and more forests damaged (damage)，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
③ With John away (约翰离开了)，we've got more room.
④We live in a house with many flowers around it (周围有很多花)．
间接信息题
[例文]The main reason for this is the drivers，who are called“cabbies”．Many of them are true Cockneys.This means they were born in the heart of London and speak their own special dialect(方言)of English.All of them know every street and famous building in the city，and all of them love to talk.A simple twenty minute journey across town can become very interesting.You may have a discussion about the government and its leaders or a friendly talk about the driver's Aunty Nellie！One thing is for sure，it will never be boring.Cabbies know all the latest news about film stars，the Royal Family，government leaders，and popular singers or actors and actresses. 间接信息题一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，因为其答案选项的表述通常不是使用文章的原话，而是使用与文中同义或近义的词语来表达。考生需对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进一步推理鉴别；也可运用排除法，将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项提前排除。本题即可采用排除法解题。因为[例文]中没有提到关于drivers的interest，manners和appearance这些细节，故可排除A、B、D项，将C项锁定为答案。
From what can we tell that someone is a Cockney？A.Their interest.B.Their manners.C.Their speech.D.Their appearance.[答案] C
[即学即练]
Other cultures can be different from ours in many aspects! They can eat different foods and live in different types of houses.People probably speak different languages and have beliefs and customs very different from yours.However，they can also be similar in ways of connecting with each other.We sometimes call these means of communication universal languages.
Some legends hold that，thousands of years ago，there was a single language spoken by everyone on Earth.It is fun to think about a time when everyone may have been able to communicate in the same language though historical evidence does not support this，of course.
Today，there are thousands of languages spoken around the world.Yet，there are some means of communication that go beyond words and allow people of wildly different backgrounds to communicate and share emotions and feelings.For example，some people believe music is a universal language.There may be some scientific support for this idea，too.Experts have learned that，across cultures，people can recognize three common emotions in music: happiness，sadness and fear.
So what other types of universal languages might there be Some people believe dance is a universal language.Along with music，dancing seems to be a common interest shared by peoples all over the world.Do you think you could see a dance from another culture and make some reasonable guesses about the ideas and emotions behind it We bet you could!
Another universal language that you might not have thought of is math! If you think about it now，though，it just makes sense.The value of π is roughly 3.14159 no matter where you are on Earth，likewise，figuring out the value of something involves the same mathematical calculations，regardless of whether you're counting in dollars，pesos or coconuts.
1．Why is music regarded as a universal language
A．It can be enjoyed by people from all walks of life.
B．It can be understood more easily than languages.
C．It usually comes from different backgrounds.
D．It helps people to share common feelings.
D [根据第三段中的“Experts have learned that，across cultures，people can recognize three common emotions in music: happiness，sadness and fear.(专家们了解到，在不同的文化中，人们可以识别音乐中的三种常见情感：快乐、悲伤和恐惧)”可知，音乐被认为是一种通用的语言，因为它帮助人们分享共同的感情。故D选项正确。]
2．What are the universal languages according to the passage
A．Math，English and music.
B．Music，dance and math.
C．History，culture and music.
D．Emotion，song and music.
B [根据第三段中的“For example，some people believe music is a universal language.”及第四段中的“Some people believe dance is a universal language.”和第五段中的“Another universal language that you might not have thought of is math！”可知，音乐、舞蹈和数学被认为是通用语言。故B选项正确。]
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8Unit 2 A life’s work
1．fashion n．时尚 →fashionable adj.流行的；符合时尚的；时髦的
2．craft n．(某一行业所需的)技能→craftsman n．工匠；手艺人→craftsmanship n．手艺；工艺；技艺
3．preserve v．维护，保护；保存→preservation n．维护；保护；保存
4．associate v．与……有关→association n．关联；联系
pose v．造成(威胁、问题等)；(使)摆好姿势；冒充；招摇
①I saw him out posing in his new sports car. 招摇
②The delegates posed for a group photograph. 摆好姿势
③The thief entered the building posing as a workman. 冒充
④The task poses no special problems. 造成(威胁、问题等)
Words and Phrases
pose v．(使)摆好姿势，摆样子 n．装腔作势，矫揉造作，故作姿态
(教材P14) And yet every member of New York's wealthy high society wanted nothing more than to pose for this man.
然而，纽约富有的上流社会的每一位成员都只想给这个人摆造型。
[例] The model was posing carefully.
这位模特儿在认真地摆着姿势。
[知识拓展]
pose for 为……摆姿势/摆样子
be well posed 摆好了位置
strike a noble pose 摆出一副高贵的样子
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Focus on lens while you pose for your photo.
②Don't strike a noble pose before your friends.
③As you see, all the subjects are well posed．
正如你看到的，所有的东西都摆好了位置。
fascination n．着迷，迷恋
(教材P15) Through his fascination with what people were wearing，and not who they were，he opened the doors of fashion to everyone...
通过关注人们穿什么，而不是这些人是谁，他为所有人打开了时尚的大门……
[例] The girls listened in fascination as the story unfolded.
故事情节逐渐展开，女孩子们都入迷地听着。
[知识拓展]
fascinate vt. 使着迷
fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的
fascinated adj. 入迷；极感兴趣的；被迷住的
be fascinated with 对……动心/入迷
be fascinated by 被……迷住
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The site indicated that the youth appeared to be fascinated (fascinate) with killing.
②The action movie The Monkey King is fascinating(fascinate)，which is beyond my imagination.
③The fascination(fascinate) of the game lies in trying to guess what your opponent is thinking.
④If you look back into history，you will certainly be fascinated with many customs and cultures．
如果你回顾历史，你肯定会被许多风俗习惯和文化所吸引。
fashion n．时尚
(教材P15) Through his fascination with what people were wearing，and not who they were，he opened the doors of fashion to everyone—fashion as he saw it belonged to the people，not just to high society and big brands.
通过关注人们穿什么，而不是这些人是谁，他为所有人打开了时尚的大门——在他看来，时尚属于民众，而不仅仅属于上流社会和大品牌。
[例] In some modern fashions we can see shades of the 1930s.
在某些现代时装中我们可以看到20世纪30年代的影子。
[知识拓展]
(1)in fashion 流行
out of fashion 不流行；过时
come into fashion 开始流行
(2)fashionable adj. 流行的；时髦的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It's fashionable (fashion) for young people to wear trainers，but not just any trainers.
②Long skirts have come into fashion again.Faded jeans are still in fashion，too.
③Don't you think classical music is a little out of fashion
你不觉得古典音乐有一点过时了吗？
Sentence Patterns
keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语
(教材P15) This lack of self interest and promotion kept Cunningham focused on his craft，enabling him to capture New York's unique street style.
对自身利益和升迁毫不关注，这使坎宁安能够专注于自己的拍摄技能，捕捉到纽约独特的街头服装流行式样。
句式分析：此处为“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，keep的意思是“使……保持(状态、位置或动作等)”。
[例] Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded of his own dreams.
迈克尔在床边挂了一张姚明的照片，时刻提醒自己的梦想。
[知识拓展]
在“keep ＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，能作宾补的有形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词及过去分词。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I'm sorry to keep you waiting (wait) for so long.
②The teacher required that we should keep our classroom clean and tidy (保持我们的教室干净整洁)．
③To make it easier to get in touch with us，you'd better keep this card at hand (把这张卡片放在手边)．
“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句
(教材P15) He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone，no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered.
他珍视自己的正直，无论向他提供多少免费的衣服或飞往遥远目的地的航班，他都不会被任何人收买。
句式分析：句中no matter how相当于however，引导让步状语从句。
[例] However/No matter how tired you may be，you must do it.
不管多么累，你都得做。
[知识拓展]
(1)no matter与what，who，whom，which，where，when，how等疑问词连用，只能引导让步状语从句，可换成疑问词＋ ever。
(2)whatever，whichever，whoever，whomever等既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
[即学即练] 完成句子/句型转换
①No matter where/wherever he goes (不管他到哪里)，he'll be popular with the people around.
② You can choose whatever you like (无论你喜欢什么)．
③Whichever road you take，it will lead you to the station.
→No matter which road you take，it will lead you to the station.
1．Through his fascination with what people were wearing，and not who they were，he opened the doors of fashion to everyone—fashion as he saw it belonged to the people，not just to high society and big brands.
分析：句中what people were wearing，and not who they were 为and连接两个宾语从句，第一个宾语从句由what引导，第二个宾语从句由who引导，as he saw it为as引导的方式状语从句。
译文：通过关注人们穿什么，而不是这些人是谁，他为所有人打开了时尚的大门——在他看来，时尚属于民众，而不仅仅属于上流社会和大品牌。
2．Moreover，what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography，and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.
分析：句中what made Cunningham great为what引导的主语从句，he put into his work为省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词hard work。
译文：此外，令坎宁安伟大的是他对摄影的热爱，以及他在工作中投入的长时间的十足的辛劳。
教材 高考
1.And yet every member of New York's wealthy high society wanted nothing more than to pose for this man. (2019·天津卷)And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days，while others go to seed long before？
2.Through his fascination with what people were wearing，and not who they were，he opened the doors of fashion to everyone —fashion as he saw it belonged to the people，not just to high society and big brands. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world，which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．In her letter，she painted a fascinating (fascinate) picture of her life in London.
2．However，many poorer nations must focus on meeting the everyday needs of their people.
3．Our club is open to everyone regardless of age，sex or educational background.
4．A good listener takes part in the conversation，offering ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing(flow)．
5．The heavy snow had been falling (fall) for three days.The fields were all white.
6．I couldn't have a career in television until I had a degree and was out of college.
7．A tiger is a large fierce animal belonging(belong) to the cat family.
8．With your help，we believe we can improve the living environment of the finless porpoise soon，thus increasing(increase) its number.
9．Traditions and fashions(fashion)，like society itself，change and adapt with time.
10．Locking up the chickens does nothing more than keep them off the fields.
Ⅱ.短语填空
nothing more than；take pictures；a wide range of；grocery store；regardless of；belong to；rather than；focus on
1．She chose the red sweater rather than the pink one.
2．Regardless of danger，he climbed the tower.
3．You can't take pictures here without special permit.
4．Would you please stop at the grocery store and pick up some tissues，toothpaste and soap
5．Attention was focused on what was needed to obtain the required answer.
6．The doctors expected nothing more than a new type of the machine.
7．The rose and the bean families belong to the same order.
8．Down the east coast of the US is a wide range of mountains，the Appalachians.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Bill Cunningham, who looked ordinary, was one of the most important American photographers of the last 50 years.1.What made Cunningham so great He usually found 2.inspiration(inspire) where others could not, in simple, everyday scenes.These things were real, and it was within their reality 3.that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.Through his fascination with what people 4.were wearing (wear), and not who they were, he opened the doors of fashion to everyone—fashion as he saw it 5.belonged (belong) to the people, not just to high society and big 6.brands (brand)．Moreover，what made Cunningham great was his 7.devotion(devote) to photography, and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.Although he was a world famous fashion photographer, he lived a simple life.Cunningham never accepted the benefits 8.offered (offer)to him, which kept him 9.focused (focus) on his craft.Cunningham's passion 10.for photography lasted throughout his life.Cunningham was an observer, and not one of the observed, a worker not a star—and this was how he wanted it.
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4Unit 2 A life’s work
速读P14－15教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及。
1．Bill Cunningham often rode an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
2．Cunningham liked to photograph only ordinary people in the poor Bronx.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
3．Cunningham's devotion and hard work makes his pictures so special.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
4．Cunningham liked to live a simple life as a world famous fashion photographer.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
5．The writer is going to show Cunningham's pictures to the whole world soon.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
[答案] 1－5 ABAAC
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。
A．what we see reflected within his photos
B．what made Cunningham great
C．what people were wearing
D．where he usually had the same meal of sausages
E．how he wanted it
F．when he passed away
1．Moreover， was his devotion to photography，and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.
2．This devotion and hard work is ．
3．A simple restaurant was ，eggs and coffee.
4．Through his fascination with ，and not who they were，he opened the doors of fashion to everyone...
5．He was 87 ，and had been working right up until his last illness.
6．Bill Cunningham was an observer，and not one of the observed，a worker not a star—and this was ．
[答案] 1－6 BADCFE
Ⅲ.表格填空
细读P14－15教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
1．Part 1(Paras.1－2) A．Introduction to Bill
Cunningham，one important
American photographer.
2．Part 2(Paras.3－4) B．Bill Cunningham's
excellent character.
3．Part 3(Paras.5－6) C．Contributions of his works：
record the life of a whole
city and its people.
4．Part 4(Para.7) D．Two causes making
Cunningham so great.
[答案] 1－4 ADBC
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．What made Cunningham so great
A．Advanced equipment.
B．Fashionable parties.
C．Devotion to photography and hard work.
D．A wide range of contacts and connections.
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage
A．Cunningham's approach to life was complicated.
B．Cunningham led a luxurious life.
C．Cunningham went to a celebrity party to have fun.
D．Cunningham never accepted any benefits.
3．What does the word “integrity” probably mean in Paragraph 6
A．Honest. B．Upright.
C．Self interest. D．Valuable.
4．Why did the author say “Cunningham was an observer，and not one of the observed”？
A．Cunningham was a star.
B．Cunningham was a cultural anthropologist.
C．Cunningham's hard work made him fashion.
D．Cunningham was good at observing life.
[答案] 1－4 CDBD
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能(二)——描写人物个性品质
A．阅读教材课文中描写人物个性品质的语句
1．Although he always knew where fashionable parties and events were happening，Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan.
2．Moreover，what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography，and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.
3．Cunningham never accepted the benefits offered to him for being a fashion photographer.
4．He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone，no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered.
B．判断下列句子是否为描写人物个性品质的语句。
1．Cunningham's passion for photography lasted throughout his life. (是)
2．Nothing ever stopped him from getting the photo he wanted. (是)
3．His hard work made him more than a fashion photographer—he was a“cultural anthropologist”，who we can thank for recording the life of a whole city and its people over half a century. (不是)
4．This lack of self interest and promotion kept Cunningham focused on his craft，enabling him to capture New York's unique street style. (是)
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4Unit 2 A life’s work
表语从句
[观察例句]
观察下列句子并指出黑体部分的语法作用
①My feeling is that they're going to be big one day.
②The question is whether she will offer to help me.
③China is no longer what it used to be.
④This is what makes them so special.
⑤A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages，eggs and coffee.
⑥From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy one percent of its surface is covered by water.
⑦It seemed as if/though the world were coming to an end!
⑧The reason why I'm calling you is that I want to invite you to my birthday party.
以上句子均为表语从句，具体分析如下：
1．①⑧句是that引导的表语从句， that不充当句子成分。
2．由句②可知，表示“是否”时，用whether引导表语从句。
3．③④⑤句是连接代词或连接副词引导的表语从句。
4．because(如句⑥)，as if/though(如句⑦)也可以引导表语从句。
5．由句⑧可知，主语为名词reason时，表语从句中的引导词要用that，而不用why。
[归纳用法]
一、表语从句的概述
在复合句中作表语的从句，叫作表语从句。它位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。含有表语从句的复合句的一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, seem, look, sound, taste, feel, remain, appear等。另外，because, as if, as though, as, like等也可引导表语从句。
二、表语从句的引导词
1．从属连词：that, whether等；
2．连接代词：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；
3．连接副词：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等。
三、表语从句的类型
1．从属连词that, whether引导的表语从句
that，whether只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分。that无实义，一般不可省略，whether意为“是否”，不能换成if(一般不用if引导表语从句)。
The trouble is that he has lost his money.
麻烦是他丢了钱。
The question is whether we need more ice cream.
问题是我们是否还需要一些冰激凌。
2．连接代词引导的表语从句
连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语，连接代词不能省略。
The problem was who could do the work.
问题是谁能做这项工作。
That's what he is worrying about.
那就是他在担心的事。
3．连接副词引导的表语从句
连接副词 when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等除在句子中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。
Go and get your coat.It's where you left it.
去把外套拿来，就在你原来放的地方。
I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That's why I got wet through.
我既没雨衣也没雨伞，这就是我淋湿的原因。
That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.
那就是老鼠怎样每年损害大量粮食的。
[即学即练1] 用适当的关联词填空
①That's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features.
②The question is whether we can reduce the cost of the product.
③But the truth is that the homeless are everywhere.
④What concerns me most is who will be our teacher next term.
⑤Why not try your luck downtown That's where the best jobs are.
4．because/why引导的表语从句
because与why引导表语从句的区别：because引导的表语从句强调原因；why引导的表语从句强调结果。
That's because he didn't understand me.
那是因为他不理解我。
This is why I think my happiest days will be in the future.
这就是我认为自己最快乐的日子会在将来的原因。
—You look tired.
—That may be because I didn't have a good sleep last night.
——你看起来很累。
——那可能是因为我昨天晚上没睡好。
[名师点津] 如果主句主语是reason，表语从句的连接词用that，不能用why或because。常见的句型为“The reason why ...is that ...”
The reason why he came late is that he got up late.(that不能换成because)
他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。
四、表语从句使用虚拟语气的情况
1．as if, as though 引导的表语从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。此类表语从句常跟在特定的动词后面，如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel等。as if/as though引导的表语从句用虚拟语气时，如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”；如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
You look as if you've had a good time.(陈述语气)
你看起来好像玩得很开心。
They talked as if they had been good friends for years.(虚拟语气)
他们说起话来好像是多年的好朋友似的。
2．如果主句的主语是advice, demand, order, suggestion, requirement, request, command等时，表语从句用虚拟语气，动词形式为“(should)＋动词原形”。
The suggestion given by our teacher is that we (should) practise reading English every day.
我们老师给的建议是我们应该每天练习读英语。
Her request is that the doctor (should) be sent for at once.
她要求立即派人请医生来。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were (be) broken.
②My demand is that you (should) get (get) up at six every morning from now on.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The reason for your mistake is that you lack confidence in yourself.
2．That's what we should do at once.
3．The doubt is who has got away with the document.
4．He looked as if/as though he was ill.
5．The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal.
6．The problem is whether we can find them there.
7．This is where I don't agree with you.
8．The question is how we can get in touch with him.
9．The problem is who will come to replace her.
10．Tom left immediately.That's because he only had 10 minutes to get to his next job!
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
I read a report last night.The content was 1.that a lot of people died in a traffic accident.But the reason why I was sad is not 2.that the accident caused great damage.What astonished me most is 3.that some babies lost their lives.That's 4.what I want to remind.However, the problem is 5.whether the government has taken some measures to deal with it and 6.how we can help them.My suggestion is 7.that we should obey the traffic rules.That's 8.because we should be responsible for ourselves, as well as others.
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4Unit 2 A life’s work
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.lens A．n. (某一行业所需的)技能
( )2.faraway B．n.着迷，迷恋
( )3.craft C．adj.遥远的
( )4.anthropologist D．n.(照相机、摄像机的)镜头
( )5.fascination E．n.人类学家
[答案] 1－5 DCAEB
b．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.nothing more than A．对……入迷/着迷
( )2.pose for B．和……一样多
( )3.as much as C．为……摆姿势
( )4.fascination with D．对……投入/专心
( )5.devotion to E．只不过是
[答案] 1－5 ECBAD
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．pose v． (使)摆好姿势
2．grocery n. 食品杂货店
3．fashion n. 时尚
4．uncomplicated adj. 不复杂的，简单的；单纯的
5．celebrity n. 名人，明星
Ⅰ.语境填空
faraway；celebrity；anthropologist；lens；pose；grocery
1．I can't imagine that life exists on that faraway planet.
2．The anthropologist contrasted two cultures in his lecture.
3．A typical lens has a focal length of 625 mm.
4．His first job was mopping floors and shelving goods in a grocery store.
5．In a small sort of way，he had become a literary celebrity．
6．Ann struck a pose and smiled for the camera.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．The audience watched the performance with growing fascination(fascinate)．
2．It suddenly became fashionable (fashion) for politicians to talk about green issues.
3．He can still look at life in the most uncomplicated(complicated) way.
1．And yet every member of New York's wealthy high society wanted nothing more than to pose for this man.
然而，纽约富有的上流社会的每一位成员都只想给这个人摆造型。
2．Moreover，what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography，and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.
此外，令坎宁安伟大的是他对摄影的热爱，以及他在工作中投入的长时间的十足的辛劳。
3．This lack of self interest and promotion kept Cunningham focused on his craft，enabling him to capture New York's unique street style.
对自身利益和升迁毫不关注，这使坎宁安能够专注于自己的拍摄技能，捕捉到纽约独特的街头服装流行式样。
4....who we can thank for recording the life of a whole city and its people over half a century.
……我们应该感谢他记录了整个城市及其市民长达半个多世纪的生活。
名师圈点
①remarkable adj.非凡的，显著的
②nothing more than仅仅，只不过是
③pose for为……摆姿势
④ordinary looking adj.相貌平平的
⑤technologically advanced adj.技术先进的
⑥relatively adv.相对地
⑦a wide range of各种各样的
⑧contact n．交往
⑨fashionable adj.流行的，时髦的
⑩photograph v．拍照，照相
as much as和……一样多
inspiration n．灵感
devotion to对……的投入/专心
put ...into把……投入
take off休假
reflect v．反映
approach to做某事的方法(或途径)
uncomplicated adj.不复杂的，简单的；单纯的
benefit n．好处，益处
value v．珍惜，珍视
destination n．目的地，终点
rather than而不是
have fun玩得高兴
focus on专注于
craft n．(某一行业所需的)技能
capture v．捕捉
passion for对……的酷爱/热衷
pass away 去世
more than不仅仅
anthropologist n．人类学家
原文呈现
Life Behind the Lens
A white haired old man riding an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York, always wearing the same blue worker's jacket and simple black running shoes.If you saw him, you'd never think there was anything remarkable① about him.And yet every member of New York's wealthy high society wanted nothing more than② to pose for③ this man.
This ordinary looking④ man was Bill Cunningham, one of the most important American photographers of the last 50 years.
What made Cunningham so great It certainly wasn't the use of expensive, technologically advanced⑤ equipment.Cunningham always used simple, relatively⑥cheap cameras and took all his pictures on the streets of New York, not in a studio.Nor was it a wide range of⑦ contacts⑧and connections. [1] Although he always knew where fashionable⑨ parties and events were happening, Cunningham liked to photograph⑩ ordinary people in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan. [2]He found inspiration where others could not, in simple, everyday scenes, such as a man buying oranges at the local grocery store, or a woman riding home on the graffiti covered subway.[3] These things were real，and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.Through his fascination with what people were wearing, and not who they were, he opened the doors of fashion to everyone—fashion as he saw it belonged to the people, not just to high society and big brands.
[1] 本句为倒装句。nor位于句首，句子用部分倒装。
[2] 本句为主从复合句。although引导让步状语从句，在让步状语从句中还有where引导的宾语从句。
[3] 本句为主从复合句。where引导定语从句，先行词为inspiration; or为并列连词，连接a man和a woman，其中buying oranges at the local grocery store是现在分词短语作定语修饰a man; riding home on the graffiti covered subway是现在分词短语作定语修饰a woman。
Moreover, what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography, and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.Cunningham would go out onto the streets of New York each and every day, regardless of the weather.He would even stay outside in a storm, not coming back until he knew he had the right photos.[4] He hardly ever took a day off and not once stayed home sick.This devotion and hard work is what we see reflected within his photos.[5] This is what makes them so special.
[4]本句为主从复合句。not ...until引导时间状语从句；he had the right photos为宾语从句，省略了引导词that。
[5]本句为主从复合句。what引导表语从句，在从句中作宾语。
Although he was a world famous fashion photographer, Cunningham's approach to life was uncomplicated .He lived in a small apartment with a shared washroom.A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.
Cunningham never accepted the benefits offered to him for being a fashion photographer.He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone, no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered.[6] And if he went to a celebrity party, he was there to work rather than have fun .“Money's the cheapest thing，”he once said, then added: “...freedom is the most expensive.” This lack of self interest and promotion kept Cunningham focused on his craft , enabling him to capture New York's unique street style.
[6]本句为主从复合句。and连接并列谓语；no matter how many引导让步状语从句。
Cunningham's passion for photography lasted throughout his life.He was 87 when he passed away , and had been working right up until his last illness.Nothing ever stopped him from getting the photo he wanted.His hard work made him more than a fashion photographer—he was a “cultural anthropologist ”， who we can thank for recording the life of a whole city and its people over half a century.Bill Cunningham was an observer, and not one of the observed, a worker not a star—and this was how he wanted it.
译文参考
镜头背后的人生
一位白发老人总是穿着一件蓝色工装夹克和样式简单的黑色跑鞋，骑着一辆普通的自行车在纽约街头穿梭。如果你看到他，你不会觉得他有任何引人注目的地方。然而，纽约富有的上流社会的每一位成员都只想给这个人摆造型。
这位看起来普普通通的人就是比尔·坎宁安，美国近五十年来最重要的摄影师之一。
是什么使得坎宁安享有如此盛誉？当然不是因为他用了昂贵、先进的设备。坎宁安总是使用简单、相对便宜的相机，他所有照片的拍摄地都是纽约的街道，而不是摄影棚。也不是因为他交友广泛，识人无数。虽然他总是知道时尚聚会和大型活动举办的地点，但无论是对于在贫穷的布朗克斯拍摄普通人，还是在富裕的曼哈顿拍摄贵宾，他都同样喜欢。他能在一些简单的日常场景中得到其他人无法得到的灵感，比如一个在当地杂货店买橘子的男人，或是一个乘坐布满涂鸦的地铁回家的女人。这些东西是真实的，在这种真实中，坎宁安看到了美好和潜力。通过关注人们穿什么，而不是这些人是谁，他为所有人打开了时尚的大门——在他看来，时尚属于民众，而不仅仅属于上流社会和大品牌。
此外，令坎宁安伟大的是他对摄影的热爱，以及他在工作中投入的长时间的十足的辛劳。不管天气如何，坎宁安每天都会走上纽约的街头。甚至在暴风雨时，他也会待在外面，直到他认为自己已经拍摄到满意的照片才回家。他几乎从未休过一天假，也从未因病待在家中。我们可以从他的照片中看到这种奉献和努力。这就是使得这些照片如此与众不同的原因。
虽然坎宁安是一位世界著名的时尚摄影师，但他的生活方式却并不复杂。他住在一间与其他人共用浴室的小公寓里。他经常到一家简陋的餐馆吃同样的饭，吃香肠、鸡蛋，喝咖啡。
作为时尚摄影师，坎宁安从未接受过这个职业带给他的好处。他珍视自己的正直，无论向他提供多少免费的衣服或飞往遥远目的地的航班，他都不会被任何人收买。而且如果去参加名人聚会，他是去工作而不是玩乐。“钱是最不值钱的东西，”他曾说，“……自由是最昂贵的。”对自身利益和升迁毫不关注，这使坎宁安能够专注于自己的拍摄技能，捕捉到纽约独特的街头服装流行式样。
坎宁安对摄影的热爱贯穿他的一生。他在87岁时与世长辞，一直到最后生病前他都在工作。没有什么能阻挡他拍到想要的照片。他的辛勤工作使他不仅是一名时尚摄影师——他更是一位“文化人类学家”，我们应该感谢他记录了整个城市及其市民长达半个多世纪的生活。比尔·坎宁安是一位观察者、而不是一位被观察者，是一名劳动者而不是一个明星——而这正是他想要的。
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6Unit 2 A life’s work
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.hydrogen A．n.古董，古玩，古物
( )2.propulsion B．n.(车辆等的)推进力
( )3.antique C．n.氢
( )4.maximum D．n.建筑风格，建筑设计
( )5.architecture E．n.最大量，最大值
[答案] 1－5 CBAED
b．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.back down A．(某事物发展的)尖端，最前沿
( )2.the cutting edge (of sth.) B．退让；认输
( )3.by trial and error C．开辟新的领域，有新发现
( )4.think outside the box D．不拘一格地思考，跳出框框思考
( )5.break new ground E．反复试验(以得出最佳结果)
[答案] 1－5 BAEDC
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．precious adj. 珍稀的；贵重的
2．polish v. 擦亮，擦光
3．bark v. (狗)吠叫
4．preserve v. 维护，保护；保存
5．dominate v. 支配，控制，主宰
6．associate v. 与……有关
7．analysis n. 分析
8．comprise v. 包括，由……构成
9．trial n. 试验
10．ambitious adj. 宏大的，艰巨的
Ⅰ.语境填空
preserve；essay；maximum；precious；bark；trial；comprise；architecture；polish；antique
1．After four months in foreign parts，every hour at home was precious．
2．I see the vase in the window of an antique shop.
3．The speed limit is 40 miles an hour.Don't exceed this maximum．
4．She helped her mother polish all the furniture.
5．We will do everything to preserve peace.
6．Could you cut your essay from 5，000 to 3，000 words
7．Older people comprise a large proportion of those living in poverty.
8．The lenses have been on trial for the past year and are ready to be on the market.
9．When we approached it, the dog suddenly started to bark at us.
10．At first he studied architecture, but later he switched to geology.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．The restoration (restore) to the castle took a year and cost a lot of money.
2．Jack was an ambitious (ambition) young man；one of his dreams was to fight his way into the fashion world.
3．An atomic (atom) clock is a clock using the movement of atoms or molecules to measure time.
4．It is a landscape with a timeless (time) quality.
1．In the quiet courtyards of Xi San Suo，behind the high walls of the Forbidden City，time ticks at its own pace.
在紫禁城高墙后的西三所安静的庭院里，时间按着自己的节奏流逝着。
2．Day in，day out，Mr Wang and his students spend their time restoring clocks dating back hundreds of years.
日复一日，王先生和他的学生们把时间花在修复几百年前的时钟上。
3．With objects ranging from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height，each of these requires its own unique method of restoration.
从小怀表到一米多高的钟，每一件都需要独特的修复方法。
4．Given the complexity of the work and the lack of necessary materials，this means that each expert can work on a maximum of two large pieces a year.
考虑到工作的复杂性和缺乏必要的材料，这意味着每个专家每年最多可以完成两件大型作品。
5．It is suddenly clear that when the clock masters say that“these antiques have lives”，it is neither an exaggeration nor a metaphor.
人们突然明白了，当钟表大师们说“这些古董有生命”时，这既不是夸大其词，也不是暗喻。
名师圈点
①the Forbidden City 紫禁城
②tick v．发出滴答声；滴答地走时
③a three episode documentary一部三集的纪录片
④plainly dressed adj.衣着朴素的
⑤regard ...as ...把……看作……
⑥day in, day out日复一日
⑦emperor n．皇帝
⑧present ...with ...呈现……给……
⑨collection n．收藏品
⑩originate from 来源于
object n．物体
range from ...to ...范围从……到……
in height在高度上
given prep.鉴于
a maximum of最多
painstaking adj.小心的；费尽心思的；精心的
bring ...back to life 使苏醒，使……恢复生机
break the silence打破寂静
polish v．擦亮，擦光
adjustment n．调整
wind up(给钟表)上发条
gigantic adj.巨大的，庞大的
date back to追溯到
fashioned adj.……样的
combined adj.联合的
nonetheless adv.然而，但是；尽管如此，虽然如此
pass on ...to...将……传给……
take on承担
take up从事
preserve v．维护，保护；保存
innovation n．创新
stand the test of time经得起时间的考验
time waits for no man时间不等人
yet conj.然而，但是
原文呈现
MASTERS OF TIME
In the quiet courtyards of Xi San Suo, behind the high walls of the Forbidden City①， time ticks② at its own pace. If it hadn't been for a three episode documentary③， outsiders would never have known that the plainly dressed④ people working here are masters of their craft, who have spent their lives restoring precious antiques.[1]Among these is the clock restoration master, Wang Jin.
[1]本句为复合句。if引导条件状语从句；that引导宾语从句；who引导非限制性定语从句。
Walking through the seven crimson gates towards his workplace, Wang Jin still regards himself as⑤ an ordinary worker in the Palace Museum, although now he is often stopped by admirers wanting their photo taken with him.Day in, day out⑥， Mr Wang and his students spend their time restoring clocks dating back hundreds of years.But for quite some time, he and his student Qi Haonan used to be the only two people repairing timepieces in the Palace Museum.
Qing emperors⑦ were very fond of clocks.Therefore, in order to please them, foreign envoys presented these emperors with⑧ the most intricate and splendid timepieces.Today, the Palace Museum has one of the most significant collections⑨ of timepieces in the world, mainly originating from⑩ Europe and China.With objects ranging from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height [2], each of these requires its own unique method of restoration.Given the complexity of the work and the lack of necessary materials, this means that each expert can work on a maximum of two large pieces a year.But, through their painstaking efforts, Mr Wang and his students do more than repair the clocks—they bring them back to life .
[2]此处为with复合结构作状语。
The only sound to break the silence in Wang Jin's workshop is the chiming melody of the repaired and polished clocks.To Wang Jin it is the most beautiful music in the world.Now, after eight months of endless adjustments ， the time has finally come for Mr Wang to wind up the gigantic clocks that date back to the time of Emperor Qianlong.The intricately fashioned objects that have stood still for centuries instantly come back to life: water flows, boats sail, dogs bark, chickens flap their wings and a woman starts to spin.It is a truly awe inspiring moment.It is suddenly clear that when the clock masters say that “these antiques have lives”， it is neither an exaggeration nor a metaphor.[3]
But, despite the combined work of several generations of masters, it seems unlikely that the restoration of the clocks will ever be complete.Even if every clock in the Palace Museum were restored, there would still be work to do, because restoration would probably need to begin again on the clocks that were repaired long ago.[4] This is a race against time that can never be won! Nonetheless , Mr Wang remains optimistic about the future of these timepieces.Following in the footsteps of his own teacher all those years ago, Mr Wang has now passed on his skills to the new members, who will take on many of the future repairs.What's more, inspired to follow in his father's footsteps，Mr Wang's son now has also taken up repairing antique clocks.This new generation of artisans will not only help preserve traditional skills; the innovation they bring to the craft will also ensure that the art of clock repairing stands the test of time .
[3]本句为主从复合句。it作形式主语，第一个that引导主语从句，在主语从句中，when引导时间状语从句，that引导宾语从句。
[4]本句为复合句。even if引导让步状语从句；because引导原因状语从句，在此从句中that引导定语从句。
In today's fast paced world, the saying that “time waits for no man ”has never seemed more apt.Yet inside the hidden courtyards of Xi San Suo, there is something timeless about the way Mr Wang and his colleagues sedately piece together the past with skilful hands and modest hearts.It is as if they have become one with their craft and with the history of the country.
译文参考
时间大师
在紫禁城高墙后的西三所安静的庭院里，时间按着自己的节奏流逝着。要不是那三集纪录片，外面的人永远也不会知道，在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人竟然都是精于各门技艺的大师，他们毕生都在修复珍贵的古董。这其中便包括钟表修复大师王津。
王津穿过七重深红色的大门，走向自己的工作地点。尽管现在他经常被想和他合影的粉丝拦住，他仍然认为自己是故宫博物院的一名普通工人。王先生和他的学生们日复一日地修复着数百年前的钟表，但在过去相当长的一段时间里，故宫博物院修理钟表的工匠只有他和他的学生亓昊楠。
清朝的皇帝们十分喜欢钟表。因此，外国使节们把最精致、最华丽的钟表送给这些皇帝来取悦他们。如今，故宫博物院拥有一部分世界上最重要的钟表藏品，这些钟表主要来自欧洲和中国。从小怀表到一米多高的钟，每一件都需要独特的修复方法。考虑到工作的复杂性和缺乏必要的材料，这意味着每个专家每年最多可以完成两件大型作品。但是，王先生和他的学生们通过艰苦的努力不只是修复了钟表—他们还让钟表恢复了生命。
在王津的工作坊里，唯一能打破寂静的声音是在修理、抛光钟表时发出的报时的旋律。对王津来说，这是世界上最美的音乐。经过八个月无休止的调整，王先生现在终于进行到了为乾隆皇帝时代的巨型钟表上弦的时候。那些已经静止了几个世纪的造型复杂的摆件瞬间复活了：水流动着，船航行着，狗吠叫着，鸡拍动着翅膀，一个女人纺着线。这真是一个令人惊叹的时刻。人们突然明白了，当钟表大师们说“这些古董有生命”时，这既不是夸大其词，也不是暗喻。
但是，尽管经过了几代大师的共同努力，钟表的修复似乎永远不可能完成。即使故宫博物院的每件钟表都被修复了。仍然有工作要做，因为可能需要重新开始对很久以前修复的钟表进行修复。这是一场与时间的赛跑，却永远不可能赢！尽管如此，王先生对这些钟表的未来仍持乐观态度。多年前，王先生继承了师父的事业，而现在他已将自己的技艺传授给了将承担未来许多修复工作的新成员。更重要的是，在继承父业这一壮志的激励下，王先生的儿子现在也开始修复古董钟表。新一代的工匠们不仅能够协助保留传统技艺，他们给技艺带来的创新也将确保钟表修复艺术能够经得起时间的考验。
在当今快节奏的世界里，“时间不等人”的说法似乎再贴切不过了。然而，在西三所的隐秘庭院里，王先生和他的同事们用灵巧的双手和谦逊的心沉着地拼凑着过去，带来了永恒，好像他们已经与自己的技艺和这个国家的历史融为了一体。
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