Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
续写故事
本单元写作要求续写故事。故事一般有环境、人物、情节以及文学的艺术性。在体裁上属于记叙文，情节的发展多以时间、地点的转移为线索。写故事时，要展开丰富的想象，适当构思情节，并把故事情节写得生动有趣，同时要合乎逻辑。此外，续写文章时，要注意续写内容和原文的衔接。续写部分必须忠实于原文的中心、内容与形式。
[基本框架]
第一部分为故事的开始，交代故事的背景；
第二部分叙述故事的发展和高潮；
第三部分为故事的结局。
[常用词块]
1．get up起床
2．go out出去
3．look around环顾四周
4．calm down平静下来
5．step out走出去
6．walk up to走向
7．show around带领……参观
8．ask for 请求
[常用语句]
1．The ring suddenly began to speak，which made the brave young man very amazed.
指环突然开口说话，勇敢的年轻人很吃惊。
2．It was the most exciting moment that I had ever experienced.
这是我经历过的最激动人心的时刻。
3．Just then，something strange happened.
就在这时，奇怪的事情发生了。
4．Eventually，he found the girl，on whom the witch put a spell.
最终，他找到了被女巫施了魔法的女孩。
5．While walking in space，we enjoyed weight loss and the beauty of the night sky.
行走在太空，我们享受着失重的状态和美丽的夜空。
6．In addition，it can do all the housework on my instructions.
此外，它可以按我的指令做所有的家务。
7．In 2146，we are flying in the air，conveying signals through our minds.
2146年，我们在空中飞翔，通过我们的大脑传输信号。
8．They finally defeated the evil witch，living a happy life.
他们终于打败了邪恶的女巫，过上了幸福的生活。
某英文报社Fantasy Stories栏目正面向中学生举办征文大赛。请你根据所给故事的开头，用英语写一篇文章应征。
注意：1.词数80左右(文章开头已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2．想象合理，行文连贯，故事完整。
A young man was walking through a wood when he saw a shining ring lying on the ground.He just stood and wondered and then the ring said，“Young man，a kind girl is trapped by a witch in the castle ahead.If you are brave enough to rescue her，you will gain happiness.Put me on and I will help you.”
【学生习作】
A young man was walking through a wood when he saw a shining ring lying on the ground.He just stood and wondered and then the ring said，“Young man，a kind girl is trapped by a witch in the castle ahead.If you are brave enough to rescue her，you will gain happiness.Put me on and I will help you.”
The young man put the ring on his finger.Much to his surprise, he became an invisible man.He entered the castle easily and spotted the girl in a dark room.After he learned that the girl couldn't move unless someone destroyed the witch's magical wand to remove the spell，the young man looked around for the wand，and he found it lying in a golden box.He ruined the wand swiftly , removed the spell on the girl and set her free.The young man，together with the girl，defeated the witch.
The young man married the girl and led a sweet life hereafter.
点评：
1．要点齐全；
2．句式简单，没有运用高级句式。
【升格作文】
A young man was walking through a wood when he saw a shining ring lying on the ground.He just stood and wondered and then the ring said，“Young man，a kind girl is trapped by a witch in the castle ahead.If you are brave enough to rescue her，you will gain happiness.Put me on and I will help you.”
Without hesitation，the young man put the ring on his finger.Much to his surprise，the moment he had the ring on，he became an invisible man.Entering the castle easily，he spotted the girl in a dark room，on whom the witch had put a spell.After he learned that the girl couldn't move unless someone destroyed the witch's magical wand to remove the spell，the young man looked around for the wand，and he found it lying in a golden box.He ruined the wand swiftly，removing the spell on the girl and setting her free.Afterwards，the young man，together with the girl，defeated the witch.
The young man，marrying the girl，led a sweet life hereafter.
假定你是李华，某英文杂志正在举办科幻故事写作比赛，请根据提示情节，展开丰富的想象，将故事续写完整。
1．On a Monday morning, I was on my way to school.
2．Suddenly someone called my name in an unfamiliar voice.
3．I saw an alien waving to me.
4．He took hold of me and pushed me into a UFO.
5．(the ending)...
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.想象合理，行文连贯，故事完整。
【参考范文】
On a Monday morning, I was on my way to school when I heard that my name was called in an unfamiliar voice.
Turning around, I saw a strange looking creature waving to me.Before I could speak a word, I was pushed into a UFO.Several minutes later, we arrived in a strange world where there were many aliens in the shape of the robots on the earth.What amazed me most was the transportation that they were using.They each had a light backpack which would turn into a mini plane when used.Seeing that I was interested in it, one of the aliens invited me to have a try.When I got aboard, I immediately flew high into space.I enjoyed an exciting journey there.
The next day, I was sent back to the earth.What an unforgettable experience!
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4Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
1．Anything one man can imagine，other men can make it real.
—Jules Verne
但凡人能想象到的事物，必定有人能将它实现。 ——儒勒·凡尔纳
2．You can never plan the future by the past. —Burke
你永远不要依照过去来计划将来。 ——柏克
3．Imagination is more important than knowledge，for knowledge is limited while imagination embraces the entire world，pushes improvement and is the source of knowledge evolution. —Albert Einstein
想象力比知识更重要，因为知识是有限的，而想象力概括着世界上的一切，推动着进步，并且是知识进化的源泉。 ——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
4．When your illusions are gone you may still exist，but you have ceased to live. —Mark Twain
当幻想没有了以后，你还可以生存，但是你虽生犹死。 ——马克·吐温
In the future，man's life will be very different from that of today.First，with the development of medicine，on average，a person will live to the age of about 120.Second，because of the discovery of new energy，the environmental pollution will be under control.Third，people's daily life will change greatly，too.For example，robots will do all your housework for you; your chair will change its color to match what you're wearing; you can also put your mobile phone around your wrist and can see the caller while speaking; you even can take a new elevator into space for your holidays.
A robot makes its way back to a supermarket after making a delivery during a demonstration in Beijing.
Along a street on the outer edges of Beijing，a yellow and black cube about the size of a small washing machine moves leisurely to its destination.This“little yellow horse”is a delivery robot，transporting daily essentials like drinks，fruit and snacks from the local stores to the residents.Equipped with GPS，cameras and radars，the robot is seen by its creator as the future of logistics(物流)in China.
The robot takes off for Chinese customers' love of cashless payments and smartphone shopping.China is the world's biggest online shopping market with more than half of its population making at least one smartphone purchase per month，according to professional services firm PricewaterhouseCoopers.Whether buying electronics，toilet paper or clothes，Chinese customers are used to simply tapping a button on their smartphone and getting a home delivery.
[探索发现]
1．What is the yellow robot equipped with (no more than 8 words)
GPS，cameras and radars.
2．Why is the robot popular with Chinese people
Because of Chinese customers' love of cashless payments and smartphone shopping.
3．What do you think of the invention of the yellow robot
It is very helpful.
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1Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
阅读P44－45教材中的材料，选择最佳答案。
1．What's the main idea of the passage
A．A boy's love for a robot mutt.
B．Parents' love for their son.
C．A gift from Earth.
D．A boy's attitude to a gift from Earth.
2．Which one is TRUE about the description of Jimmy
A．He was born on the earth and moved to the moon later.
B．He was born on the moon and had abilities that people on the earth didn't have.
C．He was often cheated by his toy Robutt.
D．He liked the real dog from Earth as soon as he saw it.
3．Why did Mr Anderson bring a dog from Earth
A．Because he really liked it.
B．Because his wife hasn't seen one since she was born.
C．Because his son was born on the moon and has never seen one.
D．Because he wanted his son to experience the life on the earth.
4．What does the sentence “Jimmy couldn't go wrong while Robutt was around” (Para.6) mean
A．Robutt was helpful to Jimmy.
B．Jimmy was afraid to make a mistake while Robutt was present.
C．Jimmy got on well with Robutt.
D．Jimmy still couldn't adapt to the moon environment.
5．What can you conclude from the last sentence of the passage
A．Robutt was concerned that he would say goodbye to Jimmy.
B．Robutt was glad because Jimmy would have a new friend.
C．Robutt was sighing over his unfortunate fate.
D．Robutt understood Jimmy's mind that he wouldn't leave him.
[答案] 1－5 DBCAD
Words and Phrases
assess v．评价，评定
(教材P41) Bobby was assessed and his talents were revealed to be mostly scientific...
对博比进行了评估，发现他的才能主要是科学方面的……
[例] It's difficult to assess the effects of these changes.
这些变化带来的影响难以评估。
[知识拓展]
(1)assess sth.at 评估某物(多少钱)
be assessed as 被评定为
assess＋从句 评定；估定
(2)assessment n. 评价；评定
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Recently，the price of housing is getting higher and higher.Before we buy a house，we must have the house assessed．Some agencies，which have the right to make an assessment of the house，get used to assessing a house at a low price so that the buyer can pay less taxes.
②They assess his house at 15，000 yuan，which disappoints him.
③Examinations are still an important means to assess students' performances(评价学生表现)．
bank on依靠，指望
(教材P43) Although I wouldn't bank on patients feeling confident about seeing a robot doctor any time soon，I'm sure that AI doctors are on the horizon.
虽然我不会指望病人们在短期内会对看机器人医生有信心，但我确信人工智能医生很快就会出现。
[例] I'm banking on your help.
我还得靠你帮助呢。
[知识拓展]
bank on sb. to do sth. 依靠/指望某人做某事
bank on/depend on sb. doing sth.
指望某人做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He is so selfish that you can't bank on him to help(help) you.
②I was banking on getting something to eat on the train.
③ We're depending on him finishing the job before Friday.
我们指望他在星期五前完成这项工作。
bound adj.可能的
(教材P43) Some of these ideas may sound far ahead of their time，but I'm sure they're bound to happen sooner or later!
这些想法中的一些可能听起来远远超前于它们的时代，但我相信它们迟早会发生！
[例] I felt bound to tell her that her son had been doing illegal things.
我觉得有必要告诉她，她的儿子一直在做非法的事情。
[知识拓展]
be bound to do... 必定会；一定会
be bound for... 准备前往某地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①You've done so much work—you're bound to pass(pass) the exam.
②We are bound for Beijing to attend his anniversary of marriage next week.
我们准备下个星期去北京参加他的结婚周年纪念日。
demand n．需要，需求
(教材P43) ...about shorter waiting times，with companies intending to provide on demand services.
……随着公司打算提供按需服务，等待时间缩短了。
[例] We should work hard to meet the demand for the product.
我们应该努力工作以满足对这种产品的需求。
[知识拓展]
(1)demand sth. from/of sb. 向某人要求某物
demand(of sb.) to do sth. 要求(某人)做某事
demand that...(should) do 要求……(从句用虚拟语气)
demand to be done 需要做……
(2)in (great) demand (迫切)需要
meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求
on demand 索要，一经请求
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He has promised to repay the loan at any time on demand.
②There's an increasing demand for organic produce these days.
③The manager demanded that the workers (should) work(work) extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.
④We have good firms whose products are in demand around the world.
我们有优秀的公司，公司的产品全世界都需要。
⑤It's impossible to meet/satisfy all your demands．
满足你所有的要求是不可能的。
desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的
(教材P45) He was frowning，too，and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn't change his mind.
他也皱着眉头，脸上的坚定表明他不愿改变主意。
[例] His offer of help came at a time when most of us were beginning to feel desperate.
在我们大多数人正开始感到绝望时，他提出给予帮助。
[知识拓展]
(1)feel/be desperate about 对……绝望
be desperate for 极需某物的；极想要某物
be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事
(2)desperately adv. 绝望地；不顾一切地；
拼命地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The player was desperate for the welfare，but he failed.
②There may be something missing in your life that you desperately(desperate) want.
③ He is desperate to enter (enter) the grocery store to buy his favorite toys.
他渴望进入那家食品杂货店去买他最喜欢的玩具。
faulty adj.有故障的，有缺陷的
(教材P47) Another prison breakout：faulty robotics blamed.
又一起越狱事件：机器人技术出了问题。
[知识拓展]
fault n． 过错；责任；缺陷
at fault 有错，有责任
find fault with 挑毛病，挑剔
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I think it was in 1976，if my memory is not at fault.
②Customers may ask for a refund if the goods are faulty(fault)．
③A bad workman finds fault with his tools.
蹩脚的工匠总是埋怨自己的工具不好。
consistent adj.一贯的；一致的
(教材P47) Now make comments on your partner's story and see whether the language style is consistent.
现在，对你伙伴的小说发表一下看法，看看语言风格是否一致。
[例] We must be consistent in applying the rules.
我们在实施这些规则时必须保持一贯性。
[知识拓展]
(1)be consistent with 与……一致
(2)consist vi. 由……组成；构成；在于；符合
consist of 由……组成
consist in(＝lie in) 在于
consist with 与……一致
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①Do you know how many parts the workshop consists of
②The beauty of this picture consists in its balance of colors.
这幅画美在色调均匀。
③我们应该言行一致。
What we say should be consistent with what we do.
＝What we say should consist with what we do.
Sentence Pattern
so that引导结果状语从句
(教材P44) The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth，which was low in the southern sky，was nearly full，so that the entire crater slope was brightly lit.
环形山的外侧向南倾斜，南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来，因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。
句式分析：句中so that引导结果状语从句。
[例] Everyone lent a hand，so that the work was finished ahead of schedule.
每个人都帮了忙，所以工作提前完成了。
[知识拓展]
(1)so that“为了，以便，目的是”，引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that(为了)。从句中常常使用情态动词can/could，may/might，will/would等。so that引导的目的状语从句不能放于句首，而in order that引导的目的状语从句既可放在句首，也可放在主句之后。
(2)当so that或in order that引导的目的状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句可变为so as to或in order to的动词不定式短语。
[即学即练] 句型转换/完成句子
①He raised his voice to make himself heard.
→He raised his voice so as to/in order to make himself heard．
→He raised his voice so that/in order that he could make himself heard．
②I took a taxi，so that I got there in time(以便及时赶到那里)．
③I will tell you all the facts so that/in order that you can judge for yourself(以便你可以自己判断)．
④In order that we can get there on time(我们为了及时赶到那里)，we should set out early.
逻辑推断题
[例文]But this summer I find myself at a loss.I'm not quite interested in Balzac，say，or Tristram Shandy.There's always War and Peace，which I've covered some distance several times，only to get bogged down in the“War”part，set it aside for a while，and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again，having forgotten everyone's name and social rank.How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite—once more into The Waves or Justine，which feels almost like cheating, too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.Why does the author say reading his favorite books feels like cheating？A.He finishes them quickly.B.He should read something serious.C.He barely understands them.D.He has read them many times before.[答案] B 逻辑推断题主要考查考生根据全篇、全段、上下文逻辑关系，结合相关信息的暗示，准确理解文章寓意或隐含的深层意义的能力。解题关键1.抓住与之相关的关键信息，使用正向或逆向思维，推断出隐含的深层含义。2.根据上下文逻辑关系，进行实事求是的判断，得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是仅仅根据自己的经验、观点或爱好进行判断。
[即学即练]
I started out in life with few advantages.I did not graduate from high school.I worked at menial(不体面的)jobs.I had limited education，limited skills and a limited future.
And then I began asking，“Why are some people more successful than others？”This question changed my life.
Over the years，I have read thousands of books and articles on the subjects of success and achievement(成就)．It seems that the reasons for these accomplishments have been discussed and written about for more than two thousand years，in every possible way.One quality that most philosophers，teachers and experts agree on is the importance of self discipline(自律)．As Al Tomsik summarized it years ago，“Success is tons of discipline.”
Some years ago，I attended a conference in Washington.It was the lunch break and I was eating at a nearby food fair.The area was crowded and I sat down at the last open table by myself，even though it was a table for four.A few minutes later，an older gentleman and a younger woman who was his assistant came along carrying trays of food，obviously looking for a place to sit.With plenty of room at my table，I immediately arose and invited the older gentleman to join me.He was hesitant，but I insisted.Finally，thanking me as he sat down，we began to chat over lunch.
It turned out that his name was Kop Kopmeyer.As it happened，I immediately knew who he was.He was a legend in the field of success and achievement.Kop Kopmeyer had written four large books，each of which contained 250 success principles that he had obtained from more than fifty years of research and study.I had read all four books from cover to cover，more than once.
After we had chatted for a while，I asked him the question that many people in this situation would ask，“Of all the one thousand success principles that you have discovered，which do you think is the most important？”
He smiled at me with a twinkle in his eyes，as if he had been asked this question many times，and replied，without hesitating，“The most important success principle of all was stated by Thomas Huxley many years ago.He said，‘Do what you should do，when you should do it，whether you feel like it or not.’”
He went on to say，“There are 999 other success principles that I have found in my reading and experience，but without self discipline，none of them work.”
1．Why did the writer ask the question in Paragraph 2
A．Because he wasn't satisfied with himself.
B．Because he was a person of self discipline.
C．Because he disliked those successful people.
D．Because he wanted to share his idea on success.
A [根据第一段内容可知，在第二段，作者问这个问题是因为他对自己不满意，故选A。]
2．What made the writer invite the older gentleman to join him
A．His great kindness.
B．The gentleman's fame.
C．His eagerness for success.
D．The gentleman's good manners.
A [根据第四段中的“With plenty of room at my table，I immediately arose and invited the older gentleman to join me.He was hesitant，but I insisted.”由于我的桌子有足够的空间，我立刻起身邀请那位年长的先生和我一块。他犹豫了，但我坚持。可推断出，是作者的善良使作者邀请这位老绅士加入的，故选A。]
3．What are the four large books about
A．Personal changes.
B．The secret of success.
C．Sayings of wisdom.
D．The gentleman's legend.
B [根据倒数第四段中的“Kop Kopmeyer had written four large books，each of which contained 250 success principles that he had obtained from more than fifty years of research and study.”可判断出，这四本书是关于成功的秘密的，故选B。]
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1Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
1．assist v．帮助→assistant n．助手，助理→assistance n．帮助
2．potential adj.潜在的；可能的n.潜力→potentially adv.潜在地
3．analyse v．分析→analysis n．分析
4．regulate v．控制，管理→regulation n．规则；控制
5．legal adj.合法的→illegal adj.非法的，违法的
6．moral adj.道德的→immoral adj.不道德的，道德败坏的
capacity n．能力，才能；容量，容积；身份，职位
①Their reasoning capacity must be developed. 能力
②She worked here in the capacity of manager. 身份，职位
③The capacity of the freezer is 1.1 cubic feet. 容量，容积
Words and Phrases
assistant n．助手，助理
(教材P38) Thanks to AI，I've got my own super smart personal assistant built into my phone.
多亏了人工智能，我的手机里安装了我自己的超级智能私人助理。
[例] Mr. Smith began his political career as an assistant to Mr. White.
史密斯先生作为怀特先生的助理开始了他的政治生涯。
[知识拓展]
(1)an assistant to ……的助手
(2)assist v. 帮助；协助
assist sb.with sth. 帮助某人某事
assist sb.to do... 帮助某人做……
assist sb.in doing... 帮助某人做……
(3)assistance n. 帮助；协助；援助
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
come/go to one's assistance 来/去帮助某人
be of assistance 有好(用)处
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Local villagers assisted the doctors with the people wounded in the bus crash.
②I will assist you in solving(solve) the difficult problem.
③Mary was chosen as an assistant(assist) to help Mr.Brown finish his research.
④They are appealing to the world community to come to the country's assistance．
他们正呼吁国际社会来帮助这个国家。
in contrast与之相反；相比之下
(教材P38) In contrast，my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place.
相比之下，我的私人助理只需要几秒钟就能找到正确的地方。
[例] When you look at their new system, ours seems very old fashioned in contrast.
看一看他们的新系统，相比之下，我们的系统就显得陈旧过时了。
[知识拓展]
a contrast to sb./sth. 明显不同的人/事物
in contrast to/with 与……相比之下
contrast...and/with 把……和……进行对比
contrast with＝make a contrast with 和……形成对比
by contrast 与之相反；相比之下
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The stock lost 60 cents a share，in contrast to last year.
②He wore a dark suit and tie，a contrast to the brightly colored shirts he usually wears.
③This white peak contrasts finely with the blue sky.
④In contrast with her sister，she is very tall.
与姐姐相比，她个子很高。
hang out闲荡；闲逛
(教材P38) And speaking of hanging out，I'm hoping that self driving cars are available soon.
说到闲逛，我希望自动驾驶汽车能很快上市。
[例] I often used to hang out in the supermarkets.
我过去常常在超市里逛个没完。
[知识拓展]
hang on 等等；不挂断(电话)；坚持；抓紧
hang up 挂断(电话)
hang about/around 闲荡；闲逛
hang together 一致；连贯
hang on to 抓紧；保留，不卖掉，不放弃
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①While I was talking with a friend on the phone，he suddenly hung up on me.
②The principal warned the students not to hang around/about the corner grocery store after school.
③It was so windy that I had to hang on to my hat all the way along the street.
④ Hang on! I'll be back in a minute.
等等！我一会儿就回来。
potentially adv.潜在地
(教材P39) Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run.
从长远来看，几乎所有的工作都存在潜在的风险。
[例] Clearly this is a potentially dangerous situation.
这无疑是一种潜在的危险局势。
[知识拓展]
potential adj. 潜在的，有可能的
n. 潜力，潜势，可能性
a potential disaster 潜在的灾祸
(a)potential for (doing)sth. ……的潜力
with great potential 有巨大的潜力
have the potential to do... 有做某事的潜力或可能性
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①There is also potential for exploiting(exploit)untouched arable land resources.
②China is abundant in resources of rivers，grassland and mountains，with great potential of development.
③The new biological science does have the potential to do(do)great harm，as well as good.
capacity n．能力，才能；职位；容量
(教材P39) I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data，which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts.
我认为人工智能的大部分价值在于它分析和解析大量的数据的能力，这意味着它甚至可以解决人类专家难以解决的问题。
[例] Children have a born capacity to understand the language.
儿童天生就有理解语言的能力。
[知识拓展]
at full capacity 以全(部)力(量)，满功率，满负载
in one's capacity as＝in the capacity of
作为……；以……资格、身份或职位
beyond one's capacity 超出某人的能力范围
capacity for ……的能力
capacity to do sth. 做某事的能力
capable adj. 有能力的；有才干的
capable of doing sth. 能够，能，敢于
capably adv. 能干地
incapable adj. 不能的；无能力的；不能胜任的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①This maths problem is beyond the capacity of most school children.
②He has the capability(capable) to benefit from university education.
③It has become more capable of doing exactly the tasks it was practicing.
illegal adj.非法的，违法的
(教材P39) One thing I think we all agree on，though，is that saying“My AI did it！”won't be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour!
不过，有一件事我想大家都认可，那就是说“这是我的AI做的！”不会成为任何违法或不道德行为的借口！
[例] It has been declared already that destruction of atomic power facilities is illegal.
已经宣布破坏核能设施是违法的。
[知识拓展]
(1)It's illegal (for sb.)to do sth. (某人)做某事是违法的
(2)legal adj. 合法的
It's legal (for sb.)to do sth. (某人)做某事是合法的
(3)illegally adv. 非法地，不合法地
legally adv. 合法地；法律上
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Up to two thirds of 14 to 16 year olds admitted buying drink illegally(illegal)．
②The school is legally(legal)responsible for your child's safety.
③It is illegal for a public official to ask people for money in exchange for favors to them.
公职人员向他人索要钱财作为对他们的帮助的交换是非法的。
Sentence Pattern
either...or...不是……就是……
(教材P38) In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking，artificial intelligence will be“either the best，or the worst thing，ever to happen to humanity”．
用斯蒂芬·霍金教授的话来说，人工智能“不是人类历史上最好的事物就是最糟糕的事物”。
句式分析：句中either...or...连接两个表语，表示“不是……就是……；或者……或者……”。
[例] I'm going to try to go to either Montreal or Ottawa University，as both are supposed to have good Physics Departments.
我想去蒙特利尔大学或渥太华大学，因为这两所大学的物理系都很棒。
[知识拓展]
(1)either...or...表示“不是……就是……；或者……或者……”，相对应的反义短语为neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，两者都常用来连接两个平行结构。
(2)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要和临近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近一致”原则。
(3)neither...nor...连接两个句子且置于句首时，(因neither和nor都是否定意义的词)前后两句都要用倒装语序。
(4)遵循“就近原则”的还有：
not only...but also... 不但……而且……
not...but... 不是……而是……
...or... ……或者……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①This phenomenon is neither good nor bad.
②Has(have)either he or his classmates known the secret
③I have not been to either Paris or Rome.
④Either my parents or my brother is staying at home (正待在家里)now.
⑤Not you but I am mistaken(弄错了)．
1．Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
分析：句中she gives me为省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词recommendation，since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant 为since引导的原因状语从句，其中if引导宾语从句。
译文：因为她可以预测我是否会喜欢某一家餐厅，所以她给我的每一个建议都很棒。
2．Millenniumbutterfly，you say how great it would be to have self driving cars，but what about all the taxi drivers who would lose their jobs
分析：句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，第一个分句中how great it would be to have self driving cars 为how引导的宾语从句，第二个分句中who would lose their jobs 为关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词drivers。
译文：千禧蝶，你说拥有自动驾驶汽车会很棒，但是所有将失去工作的出租车司机怎么办？
教材 高考
1.In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking，artificial intelligence will be“either the best，or the worst thing，ever to happen to humanity”． (2019·天津卷)We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.
2.Thanks to AI，I've got my own super smart personal assistant built into my phone. (2020·浙江1月卷)Why not get an assistant too？Our business is growing fast.
3.They would just be among the first victims of AI. (2019·北京卷)Taking advantage of the new technologies，scammers can aim at victims precisely.
4.I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data，which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts. (2019·北京卷)To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.
5.One thing I think we all agree on，though，is that saying“My AI did it！”won't be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour！ (2019·天津卷)By getting illegal practices under control.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Ordered(order) over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.
2．He gave her the job on her uncle's recommendation.
3．I will do what I can to assist you in improving your English.
4．It is illegal for people to drive a car without a licence.
5．If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but to meet(meet) an even greater challenge.
6．We should offer whatever help we could to those victims(victim)．
7．At least Marion has a greater potential to reduce(reduce)the injury.
8．The professor in his lecture went beyond the capacity of his audience.
9．Are(be)either you or I going there tomorrow
10．We should do it with all our heart.If not，we will leave it unfinished.
Ⅱ.短语填空
in contrast；on sale；in the same way；according to；hang out；speaking of；be concerned about；used to；in the way of；after all
1．Speaking of eating something，why don't we have lunch in the cafeteria together
2．You've been absent six times according to our records.
3．We used to go sailing on the lake in summer.
4．Which friend should we hang out with
5．In contrast，households only spent $140 on toys and games.
6．So long as we insist on teaching all students the same subjects in the same way，progress will be made.
7．You should be easy on these students.After all，they are kids.
8．Until recently，technology stood in the way of achieving these goals.
9．They pretend to be concerned about others，but actually they care about themselves.
10．Among the horses on sale he saw his own horse.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Technology of Tomorrow Forum has had a discussion about the 1.development(develop)of AI.Millenniumbutterfly says that super smart personal assistant 2.built(build) into his phone makes him save time and gives him great 3.recommendations(recommend)．Besides，self driving cars are available soon so that he can hang out 4.easily(easy)although the only thing is that there might be a few machine learning problems 5.when the first cars hit the market.However，Popkid admits that more advanced AI could be 6.helpful(help)in solving the world's problems，but there is a high level of risk 7.involved(involve)．He's afraid that AI might wipe 8.out human beings if it sees people as an 9.inconvenience(convenient)．Pink haze holds the opinion that we all need to learn to live with AI technology whether we like it 10.or are concerned about it.We cannot stop the progress.
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1Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
速读P38－39教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及。
1．Millenniumbutterfly benefited much from her super smart personal assistant.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
2．Millenniumbutterfly could have a self driving car because she had no driving licence.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
3．Popkid thinks AI will completely obey the opinions and desires of humans.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
4．AI will lead to many people losing their jobs.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
5．AI can help us to solve problems that are too challenging for human experts.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
[答案] 1－5 ABBAA
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。
A．to find the right place
B．to learn more about my preferences
C．to consider the opinions and desires of humans
D．to drive in the same way that we do
E．to accept as a part of our modern world
F．to have self driving cars
1．She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her，and even uses my answers ．
2．In contrast，my PA only needs a few seconds ．
3．Self driving cars can learn ，and can make judgements based on information.
4．After all，why would an independent form of AI need ？
5．Millenniumbutterfly，you say how great it would be ，but what about all the taxi drivers who would lose their jobs
6．Machine learning is something we have come ．
[答案] 1－6 BADCFE
Ⅲ.表格填空
Artificial Intelligence：A REAL THREAT？
Millenniumbutterfly Thanks to AI, I've got my own super smart personal assistant 1.built into my phone.She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her, and even uses my answers to learn more about my 2.preferences．And speaking of 3.hanging out，I'm hoping that self driving cars are available soon.I do think that developments in AI will on the whole make 4.doing day to day things a lot easier.
Popkid It could be very useful to have a more 5.advanced form of AI, but there are risks.Almost 50 per cent of US jobs are 6.at risk from automation in the next 20 years.The truth is that none of us 7.is prepared for the challenges of AI.
Pink haze While super intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history, if it goes wrong or 8.falls into the wrong hands，it could also be the most dangerous.However, AI is not going to go away.We 9.have no choice but to embrace it and 10.regulate it.
细读P38－39教材课文，完成下列任务。
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
1．Para.1 A．Jobs are potentially at risk.
2．Para.2 B．AI will make daily things easier.
3．Para.3 C．Super smart personal assistants are
helpful.
4．Para.4 D．We humans are at risk.
5．Para.5 E．The value of AI.
6．Para.6 F．We can only embrace and regulate AI.
7．Para.7 G．We are not prepared for the challenges of AI.
[答案] 1－7 CBDAGEF
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．What's the function of the words of Stephen Hawking
A．To give the background.
B．To put forward the question.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To express the purpose.
2．What does the word “hit” mean in the second paragraph
A．Accidentally strike. B．Cause harm.
C．Realize suddenly. D．Become available.
3．Which of the following is not the reason why people don't accept AI
A．It is a challenge that people can't overcome.
B．It can't think without being programmed.
C．It can make people lose their jobs in future.
D．It needn't consider the opinions and desires of humans.
4．The opinion of Pink haze is ．
A．subjective B．objective
C．indifference D．negative
5．Where does the text probably come from
A．Internet. B．Science fiction.
C．News report. D．Science magazine.
[答案] 1－5 CDABA
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能(四)——人物观点看法
A．阅读教材课文中含有表示人物观点看法的语句。
1．In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking，artificial intelligence will be“either the best，or the worst thing，ever to happen to humanity”．
2．Is it our greatest human achievement so far Or is it the biggest threat to our existence
3．Thanks to AI，I've got my own super smart personal assistant built into my phone.
4．It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.
5．Still，I do think that developments in AI will on the whole make doing day to day things a lot easier.
B．判断下列句子是否为表示人物观点看法的语句。
1．I've been taking driving lessons for over a year，and still haven't got my licence. (不是)
2．But have you ever thought about the risks？ (不是)
3．I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data，which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts. (是)
4．One thing I think we all agree on，though，is that saying“My AI did it！”won't be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour！ (是)
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4Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
主谓一致(二)
[观察例句]
①What he is doing seems very important.
②Fifty dollars was a large sum of money for me at that time.
③About one third of the books are worth reading.
④Only 60 percent of the work was done yesterday.
⑤But the best part of this film is the acting.
⑥The Greens are very fond of working on the farm.
⑦Neither likes the friends of the other.
⑧Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.
⑨Not the teacher but the students are looking forward to seeing the film.
①②属于语法一致原则；③④⑤⑥⑦属于意义一致原则；⑧⑨属于就近一致原则。
[归纳用法]
一、数量概念作主语时的主谓一致
1．当主语是“most/some/half/the rest＋of＋名词” 时，如果of后面的名词表示单数概念或为不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果of后面的名词表示复数概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。
Most of his time is spent on study.
他的大部分时间都用在了学习上。
The rest of the workers here are women.
这儿剩余的工人是女性。
2．“a number of＋名词复数”作主语时谓语用复数，意为“大量，许多”；“ the number of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语用单数，意为“……的数量”。
A number of students have gone home.
许多学生已经回家了。
The number of pages in this book is two hundred.
这本书的页数是200。
3．“quantities of＋复数名词/不可数名词”谓语动词用复数；
“a quantity of＋复数名词/不可数名词”谓语动词用单数。
Quantities of food(nuts) were on the table.
有大量的食物(坚果)在桌子上。
With more forests being destroyed，a quantity of good earth is being washed away each year.
随着越来越多的森林遭到破坏，每年有大量的肥沃土壤被冲走。
4．a great deal of，a large amount of修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of修饰不可数名词，谓语动词通常用复数。
A large amount of(A great deal of)damage was done in a very short time.
很短的时间内就造成了很大的损失。
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.
建造这座桥花了大笔的钱。
5．如果主语由“the＋形容词(过去分词)”结构充当，谓语动词常用复数，这类词有the brave，the poor，the rich，the blind，the young，the old等。
The old are very well taken care of in our city.
在我们城市老年人被照顾得很好。
6．表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
One and a half bananas is left on the table.
桌上还剩下一根半香蕉。
7．如果主语由 “a series of，a pile of，a portion of＋名词”或由“a sort/type of，this sort/type of＋名词” 构成，谓语动词通常用单数。
This sort of vegetables is rather expensive.
这种蔬菜相当贵。
That type of machines is up to date.
那种机器是最新的。
This new type of buses is now on show.
＝Buses of this kind are now on show.
现在正展出一款新型的公共汽车。
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①About two thirds of the information was(be) all from the Internet.
②Great quantities of sand were(be) washed down the hillside by the rain.
③A quantity of fish was(be)caught on the high seas.
④The number of the volunteers in our city is(be) 2，000.And half of them are(be)teachers and students.
⑤In our city there are(be) a number of cars and the number of them is(be)growing larger and larger.
⑥I hear most of the books in Wuhu Library are(be)new.Let's borrow some.
⑦The rest of the workers are(be) still very tired.
⑧Most of the poor here are(be) diligent.
二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致
1．someone，anyone，no one，everyone，something，nothing等复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。
Someone has let the news out.
有人把这条消息泄漏出去了。
It's Sunday.Nobody is in.
今天星期天。没人在家。
2．each of＋名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Each of the students has an apple.
每个学生都有一个苹果。
We/You/They/The students each have an apple.
我们/你们/他们/学生各有一个苹果。
[名师点津] 复数形式 students作主语，each作同位语。
3．all 作主语时，若指人，谓语通常用复数；若指事物或现象，谓语通常用单数。
All have gone home.
大家都回家了。
All that glitters is not gold.
发亮的不一定都是金子。
[名师点津] 若是“all of＋名词”作主语，则谓语动词与其中名词的数保持一致。
4．either和neither作主语时，若是单独作主语，谓语动词用单数；若是用于“either (neither) of＋名词”结构作主语，则其后的谓语动词可用单数(正式文体)或复数(非正式文体)。
Neither was satisfactory.
两个都不令人满意。
Neither of the two computers is (are) cheap.
这两台电脑都不便宜。
5．none(of) 作主语时，若指不可数名词，谓语用单数；若指复数可数名词，谓语可用单数(正式文体)或复数(非正式文体)。
None of the money is mine.
这笔钱没有一点是我的。
None of the boys like (likes) it.
这些男孩子谁也不喜欢它。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①Each of the members in the club has(have) a membership card.
②Each means has been tried(try)，but none is(be)effective.
③—What would you like，coffee or tea
—Either is OK.I don't mind.
④Each of us has(have) a tape recorder.
⑤All we need is(be) a small piece of land.
⑥There is(be) something wrong with my watch.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The number of days in February this year is(be) 28.
2．One and a half apples has(have) been eaten by the boy.
3．Large amounts of money were(be) spent on the magnificent building，but the poor were(be) not allowed to have a single room.
4．Most of the artists will go to the United States next week.The rest are(be) to visit Japan.
5．None of us seem/seems(seem) to have thought of it.
6．All are(be) eager to reach an agreement.
7．There is(be) a large quantity of milk.
8．A large quantity of books is(be) on sale now.
9．We each have(have) a different point of view.Each of us has(have) got something to say.
10．Every hour and every minute is(be) very important.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
As the World Book Day is coming nearer，a number of English activities 1.are(be) going to be organized in our school.A series of activities 2.includes(include) reading and speaking competitions，all of which 3.are(be)interesting.Everyone 4.is(be) welcome.Each of you 5.has a chance to communicate with each other！Please all the students 6.are(be) prepared to take an active part in the activities!
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4Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.humanity A．n.自动化
( )2.susceptible B．n.人类
( )3.automation C．adj.易受影响的
( )4.leap D．n.剧变
( )5.regulate E．v.控制，管理
[答案] 1－5 BCADE
b．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.happen to A．去除，消灭，毁灭
( )2.hang out B．相比之下
( )3.in contrast C．发生在……
( )4.wipe out D．闲逛；挂出；伸出
( )5.be susceptible to E．易受……的影响
[答案] 1－5 CDBAE
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．assistant n. 助手，助理
2．potentially adv. 潜在地
3．analyse v. 分析
4．illegal adj. 非法的，违法的
5．artificial adj. 人造的，人工的
6．victim n. 受害者
7．immoral adj. 不道德的，道德败坏的
8．capacity n. 能力，才能
Ⅰ.语境填空
leap; victim; artificial; susceptible; analyse
1．There are some artificial flowers in her courtyard，which look very beautiful.
2．The archaeologist analysed the fossil and found it a sardine fossil.
3．The victims in this earthquake are badly off for blankets and food.
4．Fortunately，only 5%－10% of the population is believed to be susceptible to the infection.
5．She made the leap from college to the workplace successfully.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．My assistant(assist)will now demonstrate the machine in action.
2．They killed him because he knew too much about their illegal (legal)activities.
3．There's nothing immoral(moral) about wanting to earn more money.
4．The new regulation(regulate) will be beneficial to everyone concerned.
5．The analysis(analyse) reveals that men and women have different attitudes to fashion.
6．It's believed the affair was potentially(potential) harmful to the film industry.
7．The girl had a strong capacity(capable) to learn language when she was young.
1．In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking，artificial intelligence will be “either the best，or the worst thing，ever to happen to humanity”．
用斯蒂芬·霍金教授的话来说，人工智能“不是人类历史上最好的事物就是最糟糕的事物”。
2．It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.
过去，我觉得自己有50%的时间都花在了寻找新餐馆上。
3．The only thing is that there might be a few machine learning problems when the first cars hit the market，so perhaps I'd better learn to drive first.
唯一的问题是，当第一批汽车上市时，可能会有一些机器学习问题，所以也许我最好先学会驾驶。
4．We could be seen as a“small”inconvenience that's in the way of a solution to a bigger problem.
我们可能会被视为解决更大问题道路上的一个“小”麻烦。
5．As it is，almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years.
照现状看，在未来20年中，美国有将近50%的工作会受到自动化的威胁。
名师圈点
①in the words of用……的话说
②so far到目前为止
③threat n．威胁
④thanks to 多亏，由于
⑤personal assistant私人助理
⑥preference n．爱好
⑦in contrast与此相反
⑧recommendation n．推荐
⑨hang out闲逛
⑩be based on以……为基础
be susceptible to易受……的影响
hit the market上市
a basic form一种基本形式
programming n．(计算机)程序设计，程序编制，编程
advanced adj.先进的
be capable of有……能力的
inconvenience n．不便
a solution to……的解决方法
wipe out彻底消灭，全部摧毁
victim n．受害者
potentially adv.潜在地
at risk有风险
in the long run从长远来看
be replaced with被……取代
automation n．自动化
challenge n．挑战
lie in在于
capacity n．能力，才能
analyse v．分析
interpret v．诠释，解释
challenging adj.具有挑战性的
the biggest leap 最大的飞跃
have no choice but to embrace it别无选择，只能接受它
regulate v．控制，管理
excuse n．借口
illegal adj.非法的，违法的
immoral adj.不道德的，道德败坏的
原文呈现
Artificial Intelligence：A REAL THREAT
In the words of①Professor Stephen Hawking, artificial intelligence will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”．Technology of Tomorrow Forum wants to hear your thoughts on AI.Is it our greatest human achievement so far②？ Or is it the biggest threat③ to our existence
Millenniumbutterfly
Thanks to④ AI, I've got my own super smart personal assistant⑤ built into my phone.She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her, and even uses my answers to learn more about my preferences⑥.It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.In contrast⑦， my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place.Every recommendation⑧ she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
And speaking of hanging out⑨， I'm hoping that self driving cars are available soon.I've been taking driving lessons for over a year, and still haven't got my licence.Self driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that we do, and can make judgements based on⑩ information.[1]And as they won't be susceptible to human error, they'll certainly be a lot safer.[2]The only thing is that there might be a few machine learning problems when the first cars hit the market ， so perhaps I'd better learn to drive first.[3]Still, I do think that developments in AI will on the whole make doing day to day things a lot easier.
[1] that引导定语从句，先行词为the same way; and为并列连词，连接并列谓语。
[2] 本句为主从复合句。as引导原因状语从句。
[3] 本句为主从复合句。that引导表语从句；when引导时间状语从句。
Popkid
The technology you're using and enjoying today is a basic form of AI which can't think independently without programming .Of course, it could be very useful to have a more advanced form of AI—a truly independent form of artificial intelligence, capable of exercising its own judgement, could help us solve many of the world's problems.But have you ever thought about the risks After all, why would an independent form of AI need to consider the opinions and desires of humans We could be seen as a “small” inconvenience that's in the way of a solution to a bigger problem.If we're lucky, AI might think we're valuable enough to keep around.If not, it might wipe us all out ！[4]
[4]本句为省略句，if从句中省略了it is。
Even if that doesn't happen, there are other risks.Millenniumbutterfly, you say how great it would be to have self driving cars, but what about all the taxi drivers who would lose their jobs They would just be among the first victims of AI.Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run .Even journalists are now being replaced with technology that can write basic news reports.As it is, almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years.
The truth is that none of us is prepared for the challenges of AI.
Pink haze
Machine learning is something we have come to accept as a part of our modern world.I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data, which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts.[5]
[5] 本句为主从复合句。believe后是省略了that的宾语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句。
But while super intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history, if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands, it could also be the most dangerous.[6]However, AI is not going to go away.We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate it.One thing I think we all agree on, though, is that saying “My AI did it！” won't be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour!
[6] 本句为主从复合句。while引导让步状语从句；if引导条件状语从句。
译文参考
人工智能：真正的威胁？
用斯蒂芬·霍金教授的话来说，人工智能“不是人类历史上最好的事物就是最糟糕的事物”。明日科技论坛希望听到您对人工智能的想法。到目前为止，人工智能算是我们人类最伟大的成就还是对我们生存的最大威胁呢？
千禧蝶
多亏了人工智能，我的手机里安装了我自己的超级智能私人助理。我向她提任何问题，她总能立即答复，甚至可以通过我的答案了解更多关于我的个人偏好。过去，我觉得自己有50%的时间花在了寻找新餐馆上。相比之下，我的私人助理只需几种钟就能找到正确的地方。因为她可以预测我是否会喜欢某一个餐厅，所以她给我的每一个建议都很棒。
说到闲逛，我希望自动驾驶汽车能很快上市。我已经上驾驶课一年多了，但仍然没有拿到驾照。自动驾驶汽车可以学习与我们相同的驾驶模式，并且可以根据信息做出判断。而且由于它们不会受到人为错误的影响，肯定会安全得多。唯一的问题是，当第一批汽车上市时，可能会有一些机器学习问题，所以也许我最好先学会驾驶。不过，我确实认为，总体而言，人工智能的发展将使日常工作变得更加容易。
小破孩儿
你今天正在使用和享受的技术是人工智能的基本形式，没有程序它就无法独立思考。当然，拥有更先进的人工智能形式非常有用——这种更先进的人工智能形式是一种真正独立的人工智能形式，能够运用自己的判断力，可以帮助我们解决世界上的许多问题。但是你是否考虑过风险？毕竟，为什么独立的人工智能形式需要考虑人类的选择和欲望？我们可能会被视为解决更大问题道路上的一个 “小”麻烦。如果幸运的话，人工智能可能会认为我们足够有价值，可以留下来。否则，它可能会扫清我们所有人！
尽管还没有发生什么，但确实存在其他的风险。千禧蝶，你说拥有自动驾驶汽车会很棒，但是所有将失去工作的出租车司机怎么办？他们将会是人工智能的第一批受害者。从长远来看，几乎所有的工作都存在潜在的风险。甚至现在的新闻工作者也正在被可以撰写简单的新闻报道的技术所取代。照现状看，在未来20年中，美国有将近50%的工作会受到自动化的威胁。
事实上，我们中没有人做好了面对人工智能的挑战的准备。
粉红 烟雾
机器学习作为现代世界的一部分，已经成为我们接受的东西。我认为人工智能的大部分价值在于它分析和解析大量的数据的能力，这意味着它甚至能够解决人类专家难以解决的问题。
虽然超智能AI可能是人类有史以来的最大飞跃，但如果出错或者落入坏人手中，它同时可能是最危险的。但是，人工智能不会消失。我们别无选择，只能接受它并加以规范。不过，有一件事我想大家都认可，那就是说“这是我的AI做的！”不会成为任何违法或不道德行为的借口。
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6Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.client A．n.细胞
( )2.cell B．n.客户，客人，顾客
( )3.agile C．adj.机械的
( )4.mechanical D．v.认为，以为
( )5.reckon E．adj.敏捷的，灵活的
[答案] 1－5 BAECD
b．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思。
( )1.bank on A．很有可能，肯定会
( )2.on the horizon B．依靠，指望
( )3.be bound to C．将要发生
( )4.go through D．伸出；递出
( )5.hold out E．经历，经受
[答案] 1－5 BCAED
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．cite v. 引用，引述
2．assess v. 评价，评定
3．bound adj. 可能的
4．demand n. 需要，需求
5．tightly adv. 紧紧地
6．desperate adj. 拼命的，绝望的
7．clue n. 线索，提示
8．consistent adj. 一贯的，一致的
9．cycle n. 自行车
10．faulty adj. 有故障的，有缺陷的
Ⅰ.语境填空
desperate; cycle; frown; demand; mechanical; client; assess; cell; wavelength; clue
1．He held the money back from his clients．
2．We went for a cycle ride on Sunday.
3．The energy is what makes the cells able to do their work.
4．What are you frowning at me for
5．I had intended to find some clues to prove myself legal，but in vain.
6．The committee must assess the relative importance of the issues.
7．It is our demand that she should go there.
8．They made a desperate attempt to save the company.
9．The breakdown was due to a mechanical failure.
10．Sunlight consists of different wavelengths of radiation.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．He held her so tightly (tight) that she could hardly strike a pose freely.
2．It is difficult for me to make an assessment(assess) of his makeover.
3．He was desperately(desperate) eager to come back after more than a week's absence from school.
4．The results are entirely consistent(consist) with our earlier research.
5．This iron is guaranteed for a year against faulty(fault)workmanship.
6．He tried to return to work，but found he could no longer cope with his demanding(demand) job.
1．He's at the rocket station，going through the tests.
它在火箭站，正在接受测试。
2．Robutt is just adjusted to act as though it loves you.
罗布特只是被调节得表现出它好像喜欢你。
3．But，Dad，we don't know what's inside the dog，or what his feelings are.Maybe it's just acting，too.
但是，爸爸，我们不知道小狗真正想的是什么，或者它的情感是什么。可能它也是只在假装。
4．I love Robutt and that's what counts.
我喜欢罗布特，这是最重要的。
名师圈点
①go through 经历，通过
②agile adj.敏捷的，灵活的
③handle v．应付，处理
④slope v．倾斜，成斜坡
⑤gentle adj.徐缓的
⑥keep sb. from阻止某人做某事
⑦wavelength n．波长
⑧seem to do似乎……
⑨mechanical adj.机械的
⑩imitation n．仿制品
programme v．预设，编写程序
hold out 伸出
bound n．跳跃
the difference between ...and ...……与……之间的不同
as though似乎，好像
frown v．皱眉
tightly adv.紧紧地
desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的
count v．重要
原文呈现
A Boy's Best Friend
Mr Anderson said, “Where's Jimmy, dear？”“Out on the crater，”said Mrs Anderson.“Robutt is with him.Did he arrive？” “Yes.He's at the rocket station, going through① the tests. I haven't really seen one since I left Earth 15 years ago.”[1]
[1]since引导时间状语从句。since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。
“Jimmy has never seen one，” said Mrs Anderson.
“Because he's Moon born and can't visit Earth.That's why I'm bringing one here.I think it's the first one ever on the Moon.”
Jimmy was out on the crater, as his mother had said.His arms and legs were long and agile②. He looked thicker and stubbier with his spacesuit on, but he could handle③ the lunar gravity as no Earth born human being could.[2] The outer side of the crater sloped④southward and the Earth, which was low in the southern sky, was nearly full, so that the entire crater slope was brightly lit.[3]The slope was a gentle⑤ one and even the weight of the spacesuit couldn't keep Jimmy from⑥racing up it in a floating hop that made the gravity seem nonexistent.
[2] 本句为并列句。在第二分句中，as引导定语从句，could后省略了handle。
[3] 本句为主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句；so that引导结果状语从句。
“Come on, Robutt，” he shouted.Robutt, who could hear him by radio, squeaked and bounded after.
Jimmy, expert though he was, couldn't outrace Robutt, who didn't need a spacesuit, and had four legs and tendons of steel.[4]Jimmy couldn't go wrong while Robutt was around, tripping him when he was too near a rock, or jumping on him to show how much he loved him, or circling around and squeaking low and scared when Jimmy hid behind a rock, when all the time Robutt knew well enough where he was.
[4] though引导让步状语从句，使用倒装语序；who引导非限制性定语从句。
He heard his father's voice on his private wavelength⑦.“Jimmy, come back.I have something to tell you.”
Mr Anderson was smiling.“We have something for you, Jimmy.It's at the rocket station now, but we'll have it tomorrow after all the tests are over.”
“From Earth, Dad？”
“A dog from Earth, son.The first dog on the Moon.You won't need Robutt any more.We can't keep them both, and some other boy or girl will have Robutt.”He seemed to be⑧ waiting for Jimmy to say something, then he said, “You know what a dog is, Jimmy.It's the real thing.Robutt's only a mechanical⑨ imitation⑩， a robot mutt.That's how he got his name.”
Jimmy frowned.“Robutt isn't an imitation, Dad.”
“Robutt's just steel and wiring and a simple positronic brain.”
“He does everything I want him to do, Dad.He understands me.”
“No, son.Robutt is just a machine.It's just programmed to act the way it does.A dog is alive.You'll see the difference once he gets here.”
Jimmy looked at Robutt, who was squeaking again, a very low, slow squeak that seemed frightened.Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound .
Jimmy said, “What will the difference be between Robutt and the dog？”
“It's hard to explain，” said Mr Anderson, “but it will be easy to see.The dog will really love you.Robutt is just adjusted to act as though it loves you.”
“But, Dad, we don't know what's inside the dog, or what his feelings are.Maybe it's just acting, too.”
Mr Anderson frowned .“Jimmy, you'll know the difference when you experience the love of a living thing.”
Jimmy held Robutt tightly .He was frowning, too, and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn't change his mind.He said，“But what's the difference how they act How about how I feel I love Robutt and that's what counts .”[5]
[5] 本句为并列句。在第二分句中what引导表语从句。
And the little robot mutt, which had never been held so tightly in all its existence, squeaked high and rapid squeaks—happy squeaks.
(Adaptation of excerpts from“A Boy's Best Friend”by Isaac Asimov)
译文参考
男孩的挚友
安德森先生问：“亲爱的，吉米在哪儿？”“在外面的环形山上。”安德森太太回答道。“罗布特跟吉米在一起。它到了吗？”“是的，它在火箭站，正在接受测试。自从15年前我离开地球后，就从没见过真正的狗了。”
“吉米从来没见过狗。”安德森太太说。
“因为吉米是在月球上出生的，他不能去地球。所以我要带过来一只。我觉得这应该是月球上有史以来的第一只狗。”
正如吉米妈妈所说，他在外面的环形山上。吉米手长脚长，行动灵活。穿着太空服的吉米虽看起来臃肿矮胖了一些，但他能承受月球引力，而在地球出生的人是不能承受这种引力的。环形山外侧向南倾斜，南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来，因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。山坡非常平缓，即使吉米穿着厚重的太空服，也不能阻碍他跳着跃向山坡，就好像引力不存在一样。
“快过来，罗布特。”他大喊。靠电波辨认声音的罗布特发出叫声，跳着跑向吉米。
论速度，吉米虽然是个能手，但他比不过罗布特，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。只要有罗布特相伴，吉米就没有危险。当吉米过于靠近一块岩石，它会扑倒他；罗布特还会扑向他，以表达爱意；当吉米藏在岩石后，罗布特就原地打转，低吼，战战兢兢，不论什么时候，罗布特都对吉米的位置了如指掌。
吉米通过自己的专属波长接收到了爸爸的声音，“吉米，回来一下。我有事情要和你说。”
安德森先生面带微笑。“吉米，我们有东西要给你，它现在就在火箭站，但是要等到明天所有测试结束后，我们才能接到它。”
“是从地球来的吗，爸爸？”
“是从地球来的小狗，儿子，是月球上的第一只狗。你将不再需要罗布特了。我们不能同时要两只，其他的孩子会收养罗布特。”他好像在等吉米说点什么，接着又说：“你会知道什么才是真正的狗，吉米。狗是有生命的。罗布特仅仅是机械仿制品，是一只机器狗罢了。所以它才叫罗布特。”
吉米皱皱眉头，“爸爸，罗布特不是仿制品。”
“罗布特只是用钢铁和电线制造的，只有一个简单的电子大脑。”
“爸爸，我想让它做什么，它都能做到，它懂我。”
“不是这样的，儿子。罗布特只是一个机器。它的反应只不过是按照编好的程序去做而已。真正的狗是有生命的。等小狗来了，你就会明白二者的不同之处了。”
吉米看着又在吼叫的罗布特，它的叫声非常低沉缓慢，好像受到了惊吓。吉米伸出双臂，罗布特跃跳了上去。
吉米问：“那罗布特和真正的小狗有什么不一样呢？”
“这很难解释。”安德森先生说，“但用眼睛看的话，会很容易。小狗会真的爱你，罗布特只是被调节得表现出它好像喜欢你。”
“但是，爸爸，我们不知道小狗真正想的是什么，或者它的情感是什么。可能它也只是在假装。”
安德森先生眉头一皱。“吉米，如果你体验过一个生命体对你的爱时，你就会明白其中的不同。”
吉米紧紧抱着罗布特。他也皱着眉头，脸上的坚定表明他不愿改变主意。他说：“那它们在行为上有什么不一样？那我的想法呢？我喜欢罗布特，这是最重要的。”
小小的机器狗自出现以来从未被抱得那么紧，它发出尖细且急促的叫声。那是快乐的叫声。
(节选自艾萨克·阿西莫夫的《男孩的挚友》)
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