英语_被动语态.

(共25张PPT)
被动语态 - 安辰轩
一 构成
主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。
1.现在时被动语态：
am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词，（be是助动词）
e.g:English is spoken by many people.
German isn’t taught in our school.
Is French studied in your school
grammar:
2.过去时的被动语态：
was/were+及物动词的过去分词
e.g:These new houses were built in
2000.
My bike wasn’t made in Shanghai.
Was this kind of machine made in
Shenzhen
注意：被动语态中be的形式是由主语决定的
3.情态动词的被语态：
must/can/may+be+动词的过去分词
e.g: The car mustn’t be stopped here.
Can this chair be taken out of
the room
This job must be finished on time.
小窍门：
我们可以这样看被动语态的基本构成：
be + 及物动词的过去分词
表示时态 表示被动
要变化 不变化
二 被动语态的几种类型：
1 主动句中有一个宾语的被动语态
He saw her in the shop yesterday.
She was seen in the shop yesterday.
2 主动句中有二个宾语的被动语态
Jim gave me a book.
I was given a book by Jim.
A book was given to me by Jim.
3 主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态
Mother told me not to be late.
I was told not to be late by mother.
I saw mother planting flowers in the garden.
Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden.
They made him work 12 hours a day.
He was made to work 12 hours a day.
4 短语动词的被动语态
I can take good care of the baby.
The baby can be taken good care of.
三 被动语态的注意事项
1 “主语+系动词+表语”的句子没有被动语
态
2 there be 句型没有被动语态
3 主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态
4 主动句的谓语动词是不及物动词的没有
被动语态，但与介词搭配后，则有:
The nurse looked after him carefully.
The baby was looked after by the nurse carefully.
Practice:
1 Must I pay for it at once
_____ it ____ _____ _____ at once
2 We will build a new lab.
A new lab ____ ____ _____.
3 They aren’t stopping the traffic now.
The traffic ____ ____ _______ now.
4 How long have you kept the book
How long ____ the book ____ ____
Must
been
paid
for
will
be
built
isn’t
been
stopping
has
been
kept
5 If your homework ______(do) well,you may go to play.
6 Mr.Green was seen _______ (grow) trees.
7 The blackboard was ________ (look) carefully by the students.
8 The ship model ____ be ____ (make)
in two days.
is done
to grow
looked at
will
made
Translate the following sentences.
1.我们必须采取措施以阻止河流的进一步污染。
Something _______ _______ ______ to stop the river from being polluted more.
2.世界上讲英语的人是最多的。
English _____ _______ by the largest number of people in the world.
3.明年我校还要修一幢新教学楼。
Another new teaching building _____ _____ _______ in our school next year.
4.中国南方种水稻。
Rice ____ ______ in South China.
5.昨天爸爸给你买了一辆自行车。
A bike ______ ________ for you by your father yesterday.
6.前天在街道拐弯处发生了一起车祸。
A car accident _______ _____ at the street corner the day before yesterday.
考点聚焦
1、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。
The workers were made 12 hours a day n the old days.
A. work B. to work
2、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。
Their homework half an hour ago.
A. was handed in B. was handed
【考点】
【考点】
make sb. do
see sb. do
hear sb. do
let sb. do
watch sb. do
be made to do
be seen to do
sb. be heard to do
be let to do
be watched to do
give sb. sth.
pass sb. sth.
sell sb. sth.
lend sb. sth.
bring sb. sth.
make sb. sth.
buy sb. sth.
be given to sb.
be passed to sb.
be sold to sb.
sth. be lent to sb.
be brought to sb.
be made for sb.
be bought for sb.
主动
被动
主动
被动
【考点】
【考点】
look for
look after
take care of
hand in
laugh at
speak to
be looked for
be looked after
be taken care of
be handed in
be laughed at
be spoken to
不要漏掉介词.
没有被动语态的词或短语.
cost, happen, take place, close down ,
feel, sound, taste, smell, look, come out, come up, break down, stand for, spread
【考点】
be asked to do
be told to do
be invited to do
be chosen to do
be encouraged to do
be allowed to do
ask sb. to do
tell sb. to do
invite sb. to do
choose sb. to do
encourage sb. to do
allow sb. to do
主动
被动
sb.
3、主动语态为带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
I was told at home.
A. stay B. to stay
4、不及物动词或词组，没有被动语态。
This story during the Anti-Japanese war.
A. was taken place B. took place
5、主动形式表示被动含义。
---Don’t you like the material
---Yes , it very soft.
A. is felt B. feels
6、It is + 过去分词+that从句用法。
It that there is plenty of oil off our coast.
A. said B. is said
( ) 1.----When the fire _____ -----The day before yesterday.
A. did ; break out B. was ; broken out C. had ; broken out
( ) 2.----What’s wrong with you , Sandy You look so worried.
---- My pet cat by a car this afternoon. And it is in hospital now.
A. is hit B. was hit C. hit
A
Ｂ
( ) 3.----Who him to the students’ party yesterday afternoon
----Their parents .
A. were inviting B. are invited C. were invited
( ) 4. English in Canada , Australia and New Zealand too.
A. speaks B. is speaking C. is spoken
( ) 5. The window _____ ten minutes ago , and the room is bright now.
A. can be cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaned
C
C
C
1．be covered with 被……覆盖 2．be made of 由……制作（发生物理变化） be made from 由…制作（发生化学变化） be made in 由（某地）制造 be made by 被（某人）制造 3．be used for 被用来…… be used as 被当作（作为）……来使用 be used to do sth． 被用来做某事 4．It is said that．．． 据说…… It is hoped that．．． 希望…… It is well known that．．．众所周知……
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