(共40张PPT)
Lesson 4
Job Trends
一、概括课文大意
快速阅读课文“Survival of the Fittest”，以约 30 词概括文章
的大意。
提示：世界在飞速变化着，这影响了人们的工作倾向。工
作领域和工作方式也在变化，人们需要做些相应的改变才能够
生存。
The world is changing rapidly, which affects the job trends.Job areas and the style of working are changing too.People will have to make some changes in order that they can survive.
二、阅读理解
仔细阅读课文“Survival of the Fittest”，选择正确答案。
1．Which statement about this passage is NOT true ____
A．Alvin Toffler's idea in his book was that to keep up with the
demand of change becomes more and more difficult.
B ． Laurence Lyons thought women will be envied in the
future.
C．Mark Hastings said that many men will have to be trained
to improve communication skills.
D．James Traeger was a famous spokesman.
C
2．What does the word “dynamic” mean (in Para.6) ____
A．Energetic.
B．Good.
C．International.
D．Small.
3．What job will become less important according to the text ___
A．The service industry.
B．The media.
C．Information technology.
D．Heavy industry.
A
D
4 ．Which is NOT the reason why many men will have to be
trained in certain area ____
A．To help men to communicate as well.
B．Women will be envied because they have an advantage in
communication.
C．To make men more like women.
D．Good communication skills will be extremely important.
C
5．This passage is mainly about ________.
A．people should change their job constantly
B．in the future, people must to improve themselves to keep up
with the demand for change in the world
C ．compared to working for a big company, people prefer to
work for a small one
D．because the speed of change is becoming increasingly fast,
people were willing to have a “job for life”
B
...citizens of the world's richest and most advanced
nations will find it more and more difficult to keep up with the
demand for change.(P28, Para.1)……这个世界最富有和最先进
的国家的公民都会感到越来越难以跟上变化的需要。
1．keep up with 跟上，赶上
典例 I had to walk fast to keep up with him.
我得走快点赶上他。
拓展 keep up 坚持，继续
catch up with 赶上
put up with 容忍
运用 完成句子
(1)They walked so fast that I could not ________________
(跟上) them.
(2)We asked her to stop talking but she ________________
(继续)．
keep/catch up with
kept up
Take a deep breath and try to get a sense of the good
things the future has to offer.(P28, Para.2)深吸一口气，设想一
下未来会发生的好事情。
2．take a deep breath 做深呼吸
典例 Take a deep breath, and then you may feel relaxed.
深深地吸一口气，那样你会觉得轻松的。
拓展 hold/keep one's breath 屏息
out of breath 喘不过气来，上气不接下气
运用 完成句子
(1)If you ________________ ( 深 吸 一 口 气 ), you can stay
underwater for more than a minute.
(2)I ran to the theatre all along and was________________
(上气不接下气)．
take a deep breath
out of breath
Jobs in farming, coal mining and heavy industry are
decreasing rapidly.(P28, Para.3)农业、煤矿业和重工业的职位
迅速减少。
3．decrease v．减少，降低 n．减少；减少额
点拨 (1)既可作不及物动词，又可作及物动词，通常指在
数目、数量或强度方面减少或降低。其反义词为 increase。如：
Car sales are decreasing.汽车销售量正在下跌。
These measures will help decrease the cost of production.这些
措施将有助于降低生产成本。
(2)可作名词。如：
There has been a decrease in our imports.
我们的进口减少了。
拓展 decrease to 减少到
decrease by 减少了
on the decrease 在减少中
运用 完成句子
(1)The number of students ________________ ( 已 减 少 到 )
1,000.
(2)The unemployment ________________ ( 已 减 少 了 ) 30
percent.
(3)The new treatment led to ________________ ( 急剧减少)
in the number of deaths.
has decreased to
has decreased by
a sharp decrease
Without doubt, the number of jobs in information
technology will multiply.(P28, Para.4)毫无疑问，信息技术领域
的工作职位将会大幅度地增加。
4．without doubt 毫无疑问
点拨
without doubt 为 介 词 短 语 ， 相 当 于 undoubtedly,
doubtlessly, no doubt，常置于句首。如：
Without doubt/No doubt she is qualified for the job. 毫 无 疑
问，她能胜任这份工作。
拓展 beyond doubt 无疑地(常作插入语)
sb.have no doubt of...某人对……不怀疑
There is no doubt that...无疑……
运用 完成句子
(1)_______________________________ (毫无疑问)
.
(2)I have ________________ ( 不 怀 疑 ) their being happy
together.
Without doubt/There is no doubt that
we will be successful
no doubt of
...instead of working just for one division or branch of a
company.(P28, Para.5)……而不会只服务于一家公司的一个部
门或分支机构。
5．branch n．分支，部门；树枝；支流，支线；(学科的)分科
典例 The bank has branches all over the country.
该银行在全国各地均有分行。
The river has three main branches.
这条河有三条主要的支流。
运用 完成句子
(1)The company located its ________________ (新分公司) in
the suburbs.
(2)You'll have to break the ________________ (大树枝) away
to get through the thick forest.
new branch
big branch
People will move around to do different jobs, rather
than moving up in the company as before.(P28, Para.6) 人们不
会像从前那样在同一个公司里寻求提升，他们会多方去寻找不
同的工作。
6．rather than 宁愿，而不是
典例 I'll have a cold drink rather than hot water.
我要冷饮而不是热水。
拓展 prefer to do sth.rather than (to) do sth.
＝would do sth.rather than do sth.
＝would rather do sth.than do sth.
宁愿做某事也不愿做某事
运用 完成句子
(1)I'd prefer to go in summer ________________ ( 而不是在
冬天)．
(2)I prefer to get up early____________________ (也不愿去
学校)without breakfast.
(3)I ___________________________________ die _____
(宁愿……不愿……) disgrace myself.
rather than in winter
rather than go to school
would/prefer to; rather than或would rather
than
Many more people will work for small, dynamic
companies which can respond quickly to changes in the
market.(P28, Para.6)很多人会供职于小且具有活力的公司，这
样的公司能对市场变化作出快速反应。
7．respond vi.反应；回复，回答 vt.以……回答
点拨 (1)作不及物动词，常与介词 to 连用，意为“对……
回复/回答”。如：
Has she responded to your letter
她有没有回复你的信？
(2)作及物动词，常与 that 从句连用。如：
The doctor responded that he could not tell the name of the
disease.
医生回答说他无法判断疾病的名字。
运用 完成句子
(1)Would anyone care to ________________ ( 回答 ) the last
question
(2)He ________________ (回答说) he wouldn't go.
respond to
responded that
...women will be envied because they have an advantage
in this area.(P28, Para.7)……女性将受人羡慕，因为她们在这一
领域占有优势。
8．envy vt.羡慕，妒忌 n．羡慕，妒忌
点拨 (1)作及物动词可接双宾语，表示“羡慕或妒忌某人
的某物”如：
All her workmates envied her (for) her promotion.
所有的同事都羡慕她的晋升。
(2)作不可数名词。如：
She said it out of envy.她出于妒忌说了这话。
拓展 feel envy at 对……感到羡慕/妒忌
out of envy 出于羡慕/妒忌
lost in envy 非常妒忌
be in envy of sb.'s success 羡慕/妒忌某人的成功
be/become the envy of sb.成为令某人羡慕/妒忌的事物
运用 完成句子
(1)I ________________ (羡慕你) your good luck.
(2)His talent ________________ (成为令人羡慕的事物) his
colleagues.
(3)He made the false witness ________________ ( 出 于 妒
忌)．
envy you
becomes the envy of
out of envy
English will probably remain the international
business language, so don't bother learning Russian or
Spanish.(P28, Para.8)英语可能还会是国际商业语言，所以不必
费心去学习俄语或西班牙语。
9．bother vt.烦扰；打扰 vi.烦恼；费心，麻烦
点拨 (1)作及物动词，表示“用某事麻烦某人”，常用于
短语 bother sb.with/about sth.。如：
I can't bother him with my little affairs.
我不能因自己那点小事去打扰他。
(2)作不及物动词，后常接介词 with/about 或动词不定式。
如：
Don't bother to do it.不要费心去做了。
运用 完成句子
(1)I'm sorry that I have to__________________ (用……来麻
烦你) this problem.
(2)________________ (别麻烦) come and see me off.
(3)Go on with what you are doing.___________________ ( 别
操心) this matter.
bother you with/about
Don't bother to
Don't bother with/about
Work with more than one program in case you have to
use them at work, and try to read about new technology.(P28,
Para.9)学习几种软件以备工作之需，努力了解最新的技术。
10．in case 以防万一；万一
点拨
in case 在此作连词，引导条件状语从句。它还可引
导目的状语从句，意为“以防，免得”。如：
I'll take my raincoat in case it rains.
我将带上雨衣，以防下雨。
拓展 in case of 万一；如果
in any case 无论如何
in no case 决不
in the case of 就……来说；关于
in that/this case 要是那样/这样的话
运用 完成句子
(1)________________ ( 万 一 ) he arrives before I get back,
please ask him to wait.
(2)Well, ________________ (要是那样的话), I would prefer
to stay on the bus.
(3)________________ ( 万 一 ) my not being here, ask my
brother to help you.
In case
in that case
In case of
First of all, don't panic.(P29, Ex.2)首先，不要恐慌。
11．panic v．恐慌，惊惶 n．恐慌，惊惶
典例 Don't panic, boys.There's no danger.
不要慌，孩子们，没有危险。
The idea might panic the investors.
这个想法可能会使投资者惶恐不安。
There was a panic when the building caught fire.
大楼起火时，人们一片惊慌。
拓展 get into a panic 陷入恐慌状态
be seized/struck with (a) panic 惊慌失措
运用 完成句子
(1)There was no real sign of fire, but everyone on board
_____________________ (开始恐慌起来)．
(2)When four
banks failed in one day, there was
________________ (一片恐慌) among businessmen.
(3)After the tragic storm, the city ________________ (陷入恐
慌) without any help.
began/started to panic
a panic
got into a panic
本课时单词 拓展词汇 构词法小结
judgement n．判
断，判断力 judge v．判断
n．法官 1.________、________和
________为名词后缀，表
示“性质，状态，动作，
结果”。如：movement 运
动； decision 决定；
location 位置。
2．________为形容词后
缀，表示“可……的，
能……的”。如：knowable
可知的。
division n．部门，分割 divide v．划分
operate vi.运转，运作 vt.操作 operation n．操
作；手术
respond vi.回复，
回答 response n．回复
comfort n．舒适，安逸 comfortable adj.
舒适的
运用 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．I have perfect trust in his ________ (judge)．
2．After World War Ⅱ， Germany ___________ (division)
into two and they remerged in 1990.
3．The compilers (编辑) agreed on a ________ (divide) of the
textbook into twelve units.
4.The intricate ( 复 杂 的 ) machine requires a skilled
________ (operate)．
5.He made no ________ (respond) to my question.
6.We tried to make our guests __________ (comfort)．
judgement
was divided
division
operator
response
comfortable
1．So begins Alvin Toffler's book Future Shock, written back in
1970.(P28, Para.1)阿尔文·托夫勒在 1970 年写的《未来的冲击》
一书是这样开头的。
点拨
so 意为“正是如此”，在本句中置于句首，引导完
全倒装句。如：
“I will never forget those days when I lived with Aunt Li in
the small village.” So begins Robinson's composition.
“我永远不会忘记和李阿姨住在小村庄的那些日子。”罗
宾逊的作文是这样开头的。
拓展 类似地，such 位于句首时也引导完全倒装句。如：
Such is my father, a simple man and the greatest hero in my
heart.
这就是我的父亲，在我心中既是一个普通的人，也是最伟
大的英雄。
运用 完成句子
(1)________________ (他正是这样走去) to the Palace where
the Sleeping Beauty lived.
(2)________________ (这就是那个故事) that I told her.
So went he
Such was the story
2 ． It's not about making men more like women, but helping
men to communicate as well.(P28, Para.7)其目的不是使男性更
像女性，而是帮助他们形成和女性一样良好的沟通技巧。
点拨
not...but...意为“不是……而是……”，可用来连接
两个并列的名词、形容词、副词、短语或分句等。连
接 两
个主语时，其谓语动词要遵循“就近原则”。如：
Not he but I am wrong.不是他，而是我错了。
运用 完成句子
(1)Not you but he ________________ (被邀请了)．
(2)They need not money ________________ (而是时间).
was invited
but time
3．For the citizens of these nations, the future can't arrive soon
enough.(P28, Para.10)对于这些国家的居民来说，未来的到达越
快越好。
点拨
can't 和 too/enough 连用时有特殊的含义 ，表示
“越……越好；再……也不为过”。如：
You can't be too careful when you cross the street.
＝You can't be careful enough when you cross the street.过马
路时，你再小心都不为过。
运用 完成句子
One ___________________________________ (越细心越好)
can't be too careful/can't be careful enough
in one's work.
1．精彩文段采撷
People will move around to do different jobs, rather than
moving up in the company as before.Many more people will work
for small, dynamic companies which can respond quickly to
changes in the market.Other people will give up working for a boss
and start their own businesses.All this means that companies will
require people who are flexible and can work on their own.人们不
会像从前那样在同一个公司里寻求提升，他们会多方去寻找不
同的工作。很多人会供职于小且具有活力的公司，这样的公司
能对市场变化作出快速反应。还有一些人将放弃给老板打工，
而开始做自己的生意。所有这些都意味着公司需要的将是富有
灵活性和能够独立工作的员工。
2．解析
主题句：People will move around to do different jobs, rather
than moving up in the company as before.
拓展句 1 ：Many more people will work for small, dynamic
companies which can respond quickly to changes in the market.
拓展句 2 ：Other people will give up working for a boss and
start their own businesses.
总 结 句 ： All this means that companies will require people
who are flexible and can work on their own.
3．仿写
原作文材料
主题句：睡眠对我们的工作和学习都很重要。
拓展句 1：如果我们休息得不好，我们在课堂上或是工作
时就会头疼。
拓展句 2：更糟糕的是，缺少睡眠会导致一些不好的事情。
总结句：因此，我们必须有一个很好的睡眠，必须有一个
合理的作息时间表。
拓展
主题句：睡眠对我们的工作和学习都很重要。
拓展句 1：如果我们休息得不好，我们在课堂上或是工作
时就会头疼。(次要拓展句)我们就不能够专心地做好我们正在
做的事情。
拓展句 2：更糟糕的是，缺少睡眠会导致一些不好的事情。
(次要拓展句)年轻人正是长身体的时候，如果他们没有充足的
睡眠，他们的身体就会变得越来越虚弱，并且最终无法抵抗疾
病，很容易生病。
总结句：因此，我们必须有一个很好的睡眠，必须有一个
合理的作息时间表。
Sleep is very important to our study and work.If we can't sleep well, we will get headaches when we are sitting in class or at work.We will not be able to focus on the work we are doing.What's worse, lack of sleep can cause accidents.Young people are growing, so if they can't get enough sleep, their body may become weaker and weaker and finally cannot resist diseases and they will get ill easily.So we must have good sleep and a good time schedule.(共10张PPT)
Writing
A letter of application (求职信)
【常用句型】
1．I would like to work for you because I am very interested in
being a．..
2．...that are going on in the city as I feel that it is important to
know...
3 ．I can get on well with people from different backgrounds,
since I have cooperated with lots of different people...
4．I would be a good...due to...
5．In addition, I am also...
【重点词汇】
1．求职原因：
get experience, learn about, find out about, be interes-ted in...
2．个人品质：
committed, hard-working, reliable, determined, enthusiastic,
creative
3．经历：
volunteer work, holiday jobs, participation in activities
4．具备的资格：
hold a certificate in..., pass exams in..., complete a course in...
5．具备的技能：
fluent in (language), computer skills
【写作模板】
Your address
The date
Name or title of the receiver
Address of the company
Salutation (称呼)
Dear Mr./Mrs./Ms....， (if you know their names)
Dear Sir/Madam， (if you don't know their names)
(Para.1 Simply state your reasons for writing.)
I am writing to you with reference to...,I am interested in
applying for the job of...
I enclose a copy of my CV...
(Para.2 Explain why you are interested in the job.)
I would like to work for you because I am very interested
in...
I would also like to learn about...
I feel that...is extremely important.
(Para.3 Give examples to show your personal qualities.)
I think I am a...person.For example，I have...
I also feel that I can...
Finally，I am familiar with...
Body
(正文)
(Para.4 Write about your qualifications and
practical ,skills.)
I think I would be a good primary teacher due to my ,
teaching experience.
I am fluent in spoken and written...
In addition， I hold a certificate in...
(Formal ending)
I look forward to hearing from you soon.
I am a good...as I have completed a course in...
Body
(正文)
Complimentary close (结尾礼词)
Yours sincerely， (when you know the person's name)
Yours faithfully， (when you don't know the person's name)
__________________←Your signature,
__________________←Print your name
Signature
(签名)
张红从广告上得知某公司需要一名秘书，便写信应聘。以
下是张红的简历：
1．年龄：20 岁，即将从职业学校(vocational school)毕业；
2．专业：经济管理(business management)；
3．学英语 8 年，会计算机；
4．在过去 3 年中一直是本校学生报编辑之一，学习成绩在
班上属优秀；
5．主要是本人喜欢办公室工作，相信能胜任秘书工作。
请你以张红的名义向公司写封求职信来应聘这份工作。
作文要求：
内容要包括称呼、正文、结尾礼词、签名以及上述 5 点，
但不得逐字翻译，字数 120 个左右。
参考范文：
Dear Sir/Madam，
How do you do？Through the advertisement, I know you need a secretary.I would like to have this job.Now let me introduce myself to you.
My name is Zhang Hong.I am twenty and will soon graduate from a vocational school.My major is business management.I have been learning English for 8 years and I have computer experience.I
have been one of the editors for the student newspaper in our school for the past three years.My grades remain on the upper level in my class.The most important thing is that I like office work very much.I am sure I can do it well.I will appreciate it very much if you would give me the opportunity.Thank you for your consi deration.
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely，
Zhang Hong(共4张PPT)
Communication Workshop
I think I would be a good journalist due to my language
skills.(P30, Writing, Para.4)由于我的语言技能，我觉得我将会
是一名好记者。
1．due to 由于
点拨 due to 相当于 because of 或 owing to，后面一般接名
词，表原因。如：
Her absence was due to the storm.由于暴风雨她没来。
运用 完成句子
________________________ ( 由 于 ) the heavy snow the
railroad was blocked.
Due to/Because of/Owing to
In addition, I am also a good photographer, which
might be useful for some of the articles.(P30, Writing, Para.4)
另外，我也是一个好摄影师，那可能对一些文章有用。
2．in addition 此外(在句中作状语)
典例 In addition, they eat a great deal of fruit.
此外，他们还吃大量的水果。
拓展 in addition to 除了……以外(to 为介词)
运用 完成句子
(1)________________ (除了……以外) his movie work, he is
known as a poet.
(2)________________ (此外), he has to study Japanese.
In addition to
In addition
I have participated for the last three years in a volunteer
programme, visiting old people in my area.(P30, Writing,
Para.3)过去三年我参加了志愿者计划，在此期间我拜访了我所
在的社区里的老人。
点拨
visiting...为现在分词短语作伴随状语。现在分词短
语作伴随状语时要位于句末，且一般与前面用逗号隔开，它可
以转化为一个并列句。原句也可写成“I have participated for the
last three years in a vo-lunteer programme and I visited old people
in my area.”。
运用 完成句子
She sat at the window, ____________________________
reading a book/and read a book
(读着一本书)．(共15张PPT)
Lesson 2
Interviews
Turn up at the interview a couple of minutes early.(P24,
Ex.1)提早几分钟出现在面试会上。
1．turn up 出现，到达；开大，调高(音量)；发现，找到
典例
I can't hear the radio very well.Could you turn it up a
bit？我听不太清楚收音机，你能把声音开大点吗？
She turned up the missing papers under her notebook. 她在记
事本下找到了丢失的文件。
Several old friends turned up at the reunion.
好几个老朋友出现在聚会上。
运用 完成句子
(1)We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7 ： 30, but he
________________________________ (没有来)．
(2)I'm sure your watch will ________________ ( 找到) some
day.
failed to turn up/didn't turn up
turn up
Make up information about yourself.(P24, Ex.1) 组 织
好有关自己的信息。
2．make up 编造；组成；补偿；化妆
典例 The boy made up a story.这个男孩编了一个故事。
23 students make up a class. ＝ A class is made up of 23
students.一个班由 23 名学生组成。
You must make up what you owe before the end of the month.
你必须在月底前偿还你所欠的。
She made up her face to look prettier.
为了看上去漂亮些，她在脸上化了妆。
拓展 make up one's mind 下决心
make up of 组成
be made up of 由……组成
运用 完成句子
(1)He ________________ (编造一个故事) to explain why he
was absent.
(2)We must ________________ (弥补) for the lost time.
(3)A car ________________ ( 由 …… 组 成 ) many different
parts.
made up a story
make up
is made up of
Make out you understand something when you don't ！
(P24, Ex.1)不懂的时候假装懂得一些！
3．make out 假称；听出，看出
典例
Let's make out that we are wrecked on a desert island.
让我们假装在荒岛上遇难。
We can't make out what he is saying.
我们不懂他在说什么。
运用 完成句子
(1)Let's ________________ (假装) that we can't see her.
(2)Can you ________________ ( 理 解 ) the meaning of this
poem
make out
make out
Go into a lot of detail about your personal life.(P24,
Ex.1)具体说说你的个人生活。
4．go into detail(s) 讨论，细谈
典例
He only talked about it in general terms and didn't go
into details.他只是泛泛而谈，没有细说。
拓展 go into business 从事商业
go into effect 开始生效
运用 完成句子
(1)He refused to ________________ (详述) about his plans.
(2)The bill ________________ (开始生效) last month.
go into details
went into effect
Speak up and express yourself clearly.(P24, Ex.1) 大 胆
地说且表达清晰。
5．speak up 大声地说，自由而大胆地说出(＝speak out)
典例
I can't hear you clearly.Would you please speak up ？
我听不清楚你说的话，你能大点声吗？
拓展 speak up for 为……大声疾呼
运用 完成句子
(1)The teacher encouraged her students to ________________
(大声发言) in class.
(2)Can you ________________ ( 为……大声疾呼) truth and
justice
speak up
speak up for
Sit up straight and look people in the eye.(P24, Ex.1)坐
直且眼睛看着对方。
6．sit up 坐直；熬夜
典例 She sat up in bed, listening.
她端坐在床上听着。
The doctor sat up all night with the patient.
医生彻夜守着病人。
运用 完成句子
(1)We don't allow the children to ________________ ( 熬夜)
late.
(2)She ________________ (坐直) and looked at him.
sit up
sat up
I turned up for the appointment five minutes late, so I
walked straight in and sat down.(P24, Ex.2)我约会晚了五分钟，
所以我就直接走进去坐下来。
7．appointment n．[C]约见，约会；[U]任命，委派
典例 I have an appointment with them in the evening.
晚上我与他们有个约会。
The appointment of a new judge was reported in the
newspaper.报纸报道了任命一位新法官的消息。
拓展 make an appointment 预约
keep/break an appointment 守约/失约
hold an appointment 担任某职
运用 完成句子
(1)Can I _________________ (预约) to see the manager
(2)She was so lucky to ________________ (担任某职) in this
department after graduation.
make an appointment
hold an appointment
Bill stared at the surrounding countryside for a while
and then started up the steep hill to the farm house.(P121,
Ex.13 听力材料)比尔看了一会儿周围的村子，然后爬上陡峭的
小山来到农舍。
n．环境；周围的事物(常
8．surrounding adj.附近的，周围的
用复数)
典例
We plan to make a trip to the surrounding country this
weekend.
我们计划这个周末去附近的郊区旅游。
He didn't pay much attention to his surroundings.
他没有过多地注意他周围的环境。
拓展 social surroundings 社会环境
the surrounding country 近郊
be surrounded by 被……包围
运用 完成句子
(1)The ________________ ( 附近的) country is a wilderness
of sand.
(2)The old man ________________ ( 被 包 围 ) a troop of
children.
surrounding
was surrounded by
本课时单词 拓展词汇 构词法小结
appointment n．
约见，约会 appoint v．任
命，委派；指定；约定 1.________为名词后缀，表示
“动作，行为，性质，状态”。
如：argument 争论。
2．________为名词后缀，表
示时期。如：manhood
boyhood 少年时期。
3．________为形容词后缀。
如：understanding 通情达理
的。
childhood n．童
年，儿童时代 child n．小孩，
儿童
surrounding adj.
附近的，周围的 surround v．包
围
成年期；
运用 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．I often played by the river in my ________ (child).
2．The ____________ (surround) villages have been absorbed
into the growing city.
3 ． The company decided to ________ (appointment) a new
manager.
childhood
surrounding
appoint
The instant she stopped asking questions, I got up and
went out of the room.(P24, Ex.2)她一停止问问题后，我马上就
站起来走出房间。
点拨
短语 the instant 意为“一……就”，相当于 as soon
as，可引导时间状语从句，放于句首或句中。 有类似用法的短
语还有 the minute, the moment 等。如：
The instant I closed my eyes, the telephone rang.
我一闭上眼睛，电话就响了。
运用 完成句子
The machine will start ________________ ( 一 …… 就 ) the
button is pressed.
the instant(共49张PPT)
Lesson 3
Nine to Five
一、概括课文大意
快速阅读课文“The Road to Success”，以约 30 词概括文章
的大意。
提示：文章讲述了记者王君燕的成功之路。在她母亲的影
响下，她从小充满了好奇心而且勤奋，因此在工作中获得了成
功。她对自己的记者工作感到满意并且非常珍惜。
The passage tells how Wang Junyan, a journalist, made success.Greatly influenced by her mother, she developed curiosity and diligence since she was young.That helped her achieve success in her job.She's satisfied with her job and values it very much.
二、阅读理解
仔细阅读课文“The Road to Success”，选择正确答案。
1．Which of the following is NOT the characteristic that made
Junyan successful _____
A．Being curious.
B．Working hard.
C．Having a dream of becoming a famous presenter.
D．Believing in what was true.
C
2．Who taught her to be curious ____
A．Her teacher.
C．Her father.
B．Nobody.
D．Her mother.
3．The reason she chose to be a reporter after graduation is that
________.
A ．it is important that people grasp what is going on around
them
B．she dreamed of becoming a reporter when she was a child
C．her mother wanted her to be a reporter
D．she was curious of being a reporter
D
A
4．What can we learn from the text _____
A．Junyan became a TV presenter because she often watched
TV when she was a little child.
B．Junyan's mother had a great effect on her career.
C．Junyan was very naughty when she was a child.
D．Junyan's mother asked her to be a reporter after gra-duation
from university.
B
5．Junyan didn't realise the importance of being a reporter until
________.
A．she graduated from university
B．she became a journalist for a local newspaper
C．she was asked to inspect an illegal business
D．she won an award for a report
C
...and she told me that being curious, working hard,
and believing in what was true made her the success she is
today.(P26, Para.1)……她告诉我好奇心、努力工作和坚持真理
使她成为今天这样成功的人。
1．believe in 信任，信仰
典例 Christians believe in Jesus.基督徒信仰耶稣。
拓展 believe sb./sth.相信某人的话/某事是真的
believe that...相信……
运用 完成句子
(1)The boss ________________ (信任) him very much.
(2)I ________________ (相信他) all the time.
(3)We ________________ (相信) he will succeed.
believes in
believe him
believe that
We would look in old nests to find birds' feathers and
we would even turn over stones to look at the little creatures
there.(P26, Para.2)我们会在旧的鸟巢里寻找鸟的羽毛，甚至把
石头翻起来查看那里的小虫子。
2．turn over 反转
典例
The car was turned over and the driver was seriously
injured.汽车翻倒了，司机受了重伤。
拓展 turn away 把脸转过去，不理睬
turn to sb.向某人求助
turn out 结果是；证明是；生产
运用 用适当的副词填空
(1)Even the best theory can turn ________ to be wrong.
(2)Please don't turn your face ________ while I am talking to
you.
(3)The desk lamp was turned ________ by someone.
out
away
over
Although there were lots of difficulties to overcome, she
never let her problems defeat her.(P26, Para.2)虽然生活中有许
多困难，但她从不让困难打败自己。
3．overcome vt.战胜，克服 vi.得胜
典例
It is greatly to your credit that you have overcome such
difficulties.
你们克服了这么大的困难， 值得表扬。
I believe truth will overcome.
我相信真理将会获胜。
运用 完成句子
We can ________________________ (战胜任何困难)．
overcome any difficulty
She said she chose to be a journalist because it is
important that people grasp what is going on around them.(P26,
Para.3)她说选择当记者是因为人们了解周围发生的事是很重要
的。
4．grasp vt.& n．理解，领会；抓牢，抓紧
典例 I don't grasp your meaning.我不懂你的意思。
The little girl grasped her mother's arm.
小女孩紧抓她母亲的手臂。
His ideas are beyond my grasp.
他的想法我不能理解。
拓展 have a good grasp of 深刻了解
within/beyond one's grasp 为某人力所能及/不及
in the grasp of 在……掌握中
运用 完成句子
(1)He failed to ___________________ ( 理 解 重 要 性 ) of my
words.
(2)After reading for a third time, I ________________ ( 深刻
了解) the main idea of this book.
grasp the importance
had a good grasp of
...she replied that it was after she was asked to inspect
an illegal business.(P26, Para.3)……她回答说是在被要求去调
查一桩非法交易之后。
5．inspect v．审查
典例 I got out of the car to inspect the damage.
我下车去查看损坏处。
拓展 inspect sth.for sth. 检查……是否有……
运用 完成句子
(1)They ________________ the roof ________________ ( 检
查……是否有……) leaks.
(2)The mayor will come and ________________ ( 视察) our
school tomorrow.
inspected
for
inspect
This paid off because she won an award for the
report.(P26, Para.4)她的坚持获得了成功，因为她的报道获奖
了。
6．pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；付清，还清，偿还
典例 Did your daring plan pay off
你那项大胆的计划成功了吗？
You must pay off your old loan before you can obtain a new
one.你必须还清旧账，然后才能再借款。
拓展 pay back 报复；偿还
pay for 付钱
运用 用适当的介词或副词填空
(1)I'm glad that his effort at last paid ________.
(2)How much did you pay ________ your car
(3)I have paid him ________ for the trick he played on me.
off
for
back
I discovered then that as long as I am committed and
never give up I will be able to produce high quality
reports.(P26, Para.4)那时我发现，只要全身心投入，永不放弃，
我就能写出高质量的报道。
7．commit vt.投入；犯(罪)，做(错事等)
典例 As a doctor, he's very committed.
作为医生他是很敬业的。
I committed an error in handling the business.
我在处理这项业务时犯了一个错误。
拓展 commit oneself to 致力于……
commit a crime 犯罪
commit suicide 自杀
commit an error 出差错，犯错误
运用 完成句子
(1)Get ready to ________________ (全身心投入) the work.
(2)This is a man who has ________________ (犯罪)．
commit yourself to
ommitted a crime
She hesitated and then told me that the year before she
had broken her wrist...(P27, Ex.5)她犹豫了一会儿，然后告诉我
在她腕关节受伤之前的那一年……
8．hesitate v．犹豫，踌躇
点拨 (1)作不及物动词，常与介词 about 连用。如：
Don't hesitate about that.Do it at once.
对于那件事不要再犹豫了，马上去做吧。
(2)作及物动词，还可意为“有疑虑；不愿意”，后常接动
词不定式。如：
He did not hesitate to ask her to sit beside him.
他毫不犹豫地请她坐在他身旁。
运用 完成句子
(1)If you have any questions, _________________ (不要犹豫)
ask.
(2)She ________________ ( 对 …… 犹 豫 不 决 ) the choice
between the two dresses.
don't hesitate to
hesitated about
本课时单词 拓展词汇 构词法小结
inspect v．审查 inspection n．检查，视察
inspector n．检查
员，巡视员 1.________和________为
名词后缀，表示“性质，状
态，行为，过程，结果”。
如：translation 翻译；
influence 影响。
2．________为名词后缀，
表示人或行为者。如：actor
演员。
3．________加在以 l 开头
的形容词前，表示否定。如：
illogical 不合逻辑的。
illegal adj.不合
法的，违法的 legal adj.合法的
existence n．生
活；存在 exist v．存在，生存
运用 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1 ．A ticket ________ (inspect) got on the train and began to
________ (inspect) our tickets.
2 ． Elevators must undergo an annual safety ________
(inspect)．
3．When you drive, you must not exceed the ________ (illegal)
limit.
4．We do not believe in the ________ (exist) of ghosts.
5．Most scientists believe that water doesn't ________ (exist)
on the surface of the moon.
inspector
inspect
inspection
legal
existence
exist
1．I never thought about going on TV because my family didn't
even have one until I was in junior high school! (P26, Para.1)我
没想过能上电视，因为直到我上初中的时候家里才有电视！
点拨 not...until 意为“直到……才”，用于引导时间状语从
句。如：
He didn't go to school until he was seven.
他直到七岁才去上学。
拓展 not...until 句型有下列变换形式：
(1)将 not...until 从句提到句首，主句要倒装。如：
Not until he was seven did he go to school.
他直到七岁才去上学。
(2)将 not...until 从句置于“it was...that”之间，构成强调句。
如：
It was not until he was seven that he went to school.
直到七岁他才去上学。
运用 同义句转换
(1)We didn't know about it until yesterday.
It was ____________________ that ________________.
(2)He doesn't come until late in the evening.
Not until late in the evening ________________.
not until yesterday
we knew about it
does he come
2 ． ...being curious, working hard, and believing in what was
true made her the success she is today.(P26, Para.1)……是好奇
心、努力工作和坚持真理使她成为今天这样成功的人。
点拨
本句中 make 后接名词作宾补，意为“使……成
为……”。如：
They made him their team leader.他们让他做队长。
拓展 make 作使役动词的其他用法为：
(1)make＋宾语＋省略 to 的动词不定式
注意：在主动语态中作 make 的宾补的不定式要省略 to，
如果 make 用于被动语态，则要加上 to。如：
I couldn't make my car start this morning.
今天早上我的汽车发动不起来了。
The students were made to do the homework the whole night.
学生们被迫整个晚上都做作业。
(2)make＋宾语＋过去分词
过去分词作宾补表示宾补的动作与宾语是逻辑上的动宾关
系。如：
I need to make my car repaired.
我需要修理我的车。
(3)make＋宾语＋形容词
形容词作宾补表示宾语所处的状态或性质。如：
What he said made her angry.
他说的话让她很生气。
运用 用所给单词的适当形式填空
(1)Seeing him happy made me ________ (happy) too.
(2)When I first came to America, I had a lot of difficulty
making myself ________ (understand)．
(3)He made me ________ (repeat) it.
(4)We made her our ________ (monitor)．
happy
understood
repeat
monitor
3．It was my mother who taught me to be curious.(P26, Para.2)
是妈妈教会我要有好奇心。
点拨 本句为强调句型，其结构为“It was/is＋被强调的部
分＋that/who＋其他成分”。该句型可用于强调主语、宾语、表
语和状语，但不可以强调谓语。当强调主语且指人时，可用
that/who 引导；其他情况只能用 that。如：
It was Mr.Smith who/that taught me chemistry in middle
school.
在中学时，正是史密斯先生教我化学。
It was yesterday that I lost my book.
正是在昨天我丢了我的书。
运用 用强调句型改写句子
(1)My mother takes me to school every morning.
________________ my mother ________________ takes me
to school every morning.
(2)Einstein was able to come back to his research again after
the war was over.
_______________ after the war was over ________________
Einstein was able to come back to his research again.
It is
that/who
It was
that
4 ．I asked her if there was any special moment that made her
realise this and she replied that it was after she was asked to
inspect an illegal business.(P26, Para.3)我问她有没有什么特殊
的时刻使她认识到这一点，她回答说是在被要求去调查一桩非
法交易之后。
点拨
这是一个由 and 连接的并列复合句，主干部分是“I
asked her...and she replied...”。and 前面的分句包含一个由 if 引导
的宾语从句，宾语从句中又包含一个由 that 引导的定语从句，
其中从句的引导词 that 不能用 which 来代替，因为其先行词
special moment 被 any 修饰； and 后面的分句包含了一个由 that
引导的宾语从句，而且宾语从句还省略了一些成分，完整的句
子 应 是 “it was after she was asked to inspect an illegal business
that she realised this”。
运用 完成句子
I wrote to Lincoln to ask _____________________________
___________(他是否知道公司举行的聚会), ________________
(他回信说)the pressure ofwork kept him from joining them in most
if he knew the party that was held by
the company
of the parties.
and he replied that
间接引语(二)
一、直接引语为陈述句时的变化
当直接引语为陈述句，变为间接引语时要用 that 引导(常可
省略) ，主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的 say/said, 也可用
tell/told 来代替。当主句的谓语动词为现在时态，间接引语中的
谓语动词时态不变；当主句的谓语动词为过去时态，间接引语
中的谓语动词一般按下列规律变化：
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去进行时 不变
过去完成时 不变
如：
“I'm preparing my lessons，” she said.
她说：“我在准备功课。”
→She said that she was preparing her lessons.
她说她在准备功课。
I said to them, “You'll be disappointed at the news.”
我对他们说：“听到这个消息你们会失望的。”
→I told them that they would be disappointed at the news. 我
告诉他们，听到这个消息他们会失望的。
He said to me, “Jane spent all her time doing that.”
他对我说：“简做那件事花了她全部的时间。”
→He told me that Jane had spent all her time doing that.他告
诉我简做那件事花了她全部的时间。
注意：(1)直接引语中的谓语动词为一般过去时，若与一个
具体的表示过去某年、某月、某日的时间状语连用，变为间接
引语时则不用改变时态。如：
My father said to me, “I read the book in 1986.”
我父亲对我说：“我在 1986 年读了这本书。”
→My father told me he read the book in 1986.
我父亲告诉我他于 1986 年读了这本书。
(2)直接引语表达的意思是客观真理时，变为间接引语时时
态不变。如：
The teacher said to us, “The earth goes around the sun.” 老师
对我们说：“地球绕着太阳转。”
→The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.老师
告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
(3)如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(ought to,
had better, used to 等 ) 或 已 经 是 过 去 时 的 形 式 (could, should,
would, might 等)时，改为间接引语则不再变化。如：
Peter said, “You had better come here tomorrow.”
彼得说：“你最好明天来这儿。”
→Peter said I had better go there tomorrow.
彼得说我明天最好去那儿。
二、直接引语为问句时的变化
1．间接引语中要用陈述句的语序，且时态的变化仍遵循上
述规律。如：
She asked, “What is it What's going to happen？”
她问：“那是什么？又要发生什么事了？”
→She asked what it was and what was going to happen. 她问
那是什么，又要发生什么事了。
2．特殊疑问词要保留。如：
The boy was wondering, “How does the computer work？”
那男孩感到好奇：“电脑是怎样工作的？”
→The boy was wondering how the computer worked.
那男孩对电脑是怎样工作的感到好奇。
“Why do you speak English so fluently？” I said to him.
我对他说：“为什么你的英语说得如此流利？”
→I asked him why he spoke English so fluently.
我问他，他的英语为什么说得如此流利。
3．一般、选择或反意疑问句在改为间接引语时要加 whether
或 if。如：
“Is there anything wrong, Madam？” asked the policeman.
警察问：“夫人，出了什么事吗？”
→The policeman asked the woman whether there was
anything wrong.警察问那个妇女是否出了什么事。
He asked me, “Do you study English or French？”
他问我：“你学的是英语还是法语？”
→He asked me whether I studied English or French.
他问我学的是英语还是法语。
He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you？”
他说：“你对英语感兴趣，是吗？”
→He asked whether I was interested in English.
他问我是否对英语感兴趣。
一、同义句转换
1．She said, “Are you from the South？”
She asked ________________ I ________________ from the
South.
2 ． Susan said to me, “We visited the Red Star Farm last
week.”
Susan told me that ________________ the Red Star Farm
________________.
if/whether
was
they had visited
the week before
3．Paul said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.”
Paul ________________ us that light ________________
faster than sound.
4．“I've found my wallet，” he said to me.
He ________________ me that he ________________ wallet.
5．“How soon will your mother come back？” he asked me.
He asked me ________________ mother ________________
come back.
told
travels
told
had found his
how soon my
would
二、将下列句子改为间接引语
1．“I was reading the book the whole day yesterday，” said
Mary.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2．He said, “You should take exercise every day.”
______________________________________________________
Mary said that she was reading the book the whole day the day before.
He said I should take exercise every day.
3．The history teacher said to them, “The Chinese Communist
Party was founded on July 1st, 1921.”
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
4．“Are you sorry for what you have done？” The mother
asked the naughty boy.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
5 ．She asked, “Who did you meet at the station two hours
ago, Mr. Li？”
______________________________________________________
The history teacher told them that the Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st, 1921.
The mother asked the naughty boy if/whether he was sorry for what he had done.
She asked Mr.Li who he had met at the station two hours before.(共44张PPT)
Unit 14
Careers
Warm-up & Lesson 1
Your Choice
一、概括课文大意
快速阅读课文“Everybody's good at something！”，以约
30 词概括文章的大意。
提示：文章给读者做了一个性格测试，通过读者对四个问
题的回答，读者可以了解到自己的性格，选择适合自己的工作，
同时表明每个人都各有所长，人们应当充满信心。
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
This passage gives the readers a personality test, through which the readers can learn more about their characteristics and find a right job for themselves.The test also shows that everybody is good at something and we should have confidence.
二、阅读理解
仔细阅读课文“Everybody's good at something！”，选择正
确答案。
1．What does the phrase “learn their lines” mean ___
A．Learn how to be polite.
B．Learn how to wait in line.
C．Learn words spoken by a particular actor.
D．Learn how to run.
C
2．From the text, if you choose A in the first question, you may
be a(n) ________ person.
A．reliable
C．generous
B．confident
D．emotional
3．If you choose B in Question 2, which job fits you ___
A．Teller.
C．Artist.
B．Nurse.
D．Manager.
C
A
4．Since you are very motivated and strong, in the situation of
Question 3, what will you not do ___
A．Take charge of the situation.
B．Ask a small group to go to the nearby village to get help.
C ．Tell everybody on the bus to put on more clothes to keep
warm.
D．Keep calm and comfort others.
5．What is the main idea of the text ___
A．Everybody is good at something.
B．It is a personality test, which helps to find a right job.
C．It describes different kinds of people.
D．It is a personality test, which helps to find a friend.
D
B
Tim gets paid an hourly wage of $20 for working in the
supermarket.(P21, Warm-up)蒂姆在超市工作一小时有 20 美元
的薪金。
1．wage n．薪金，工资
典例 His wages are three hundred dollars a week.
他的工资为每周三百美元。
辨析 wage/salary/income/pay
(1)wage 指简单劳动或体力劳动者所得的“工资、工钱”，
通常按周、日等短期计算发给，常用复数形式。
(2)salary 是指非体力劳动者所得到的“工资、薪水”，通
常按月(有时按季或年)计算，而且是指“基本工资”。
(3)income 一般是指总收入或进账，比较口语化，可以用在
个人，也可以用在企业；不仅可以指工资，也可以指一个国家
的收入。
(4)pay 指针对劳动所支付的报酬，它包含 salary 和 wage(s)，
为不可数名词。
运用 用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
(1)Your last month's ________ will be paid by remittance ( 汇
款)．
(2)The miners went on strike for higher ________.
(3)We expect a fair day's ________.
(4)He spends a large percent of his ________ on food and
drink.
salary
pay
wage
income
The old lady is offering a reward of $50 to anyone who
(
finds her cat for her！P21, Warm-up)这个老妇人将给为她找到
猫的人 50 美元作为报酬！
2．reward n．奖赏 vt.酬劳，奖赏(常用于被动语态)
典例 You have received a just reward.
你已得到了应有的报酬。
Winners will be rewarded a trip to England.
优胜者将获得去英国旅游的奖赏。
拓展 in reward (for...) 作为(对……的)报酬
give a reward to sb.for sth.为某事给某人报酬
reward sb.for (doing) sth.因(做了)某事而报答某人
reward sb.with sth.用某物报答或奖赏某人
辨析 reward/award/prize
(1)reward 作名词，意为“奖赏，报酬，奖金”，表示由于
做了某事而获得的回报或报酬，既可以是钱，也可以是物质或
精神鼓励。
(2)award 意为“奖品，奖金”，指正式地或由官方颁发的
奖品或奖金。
(3)prize 意为“奖赏，奖金，奖品”，多指在比赛中赢得的
奖项。
运用 用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
(1)That brave deed should worth a better ________.
(2)The novel earned him a literary ________.
(3)The boys competed with each other for the ________.
(4)Is this how you ________ me for my help
reward
award
prize
reward
Lawyers charge higher fee than doctors.(P21, Warm-up)
律师收费比医生更高。
3．charge vt.收费，要价 n．负责
典例
How much do you charge me for two nights in the
hotel？在这个酒店住两个晚上多少钱？
拓展 charge sb.some money for sth.因某物向某人收费
take charge of 接管，控制，负责
be in charge of 负责，主管
in/under the charge of 在……的掌管之下(表被动)
运用 完成句子
(1)How much do you ________________ (要价) your eggs
(2)The President flew back immediately and ______________
(控制住了) the bad situation.
(3)He is the manager ________________ (负责) sales.
charge for
took charge of
in charge of
A friend is having problems writing a plot summary for
a book report.(P22, Question 1)一位朋友在为一份读书报告写
情节摘要时遇到了一些困难。
4．have problems (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
点拨
该短语中的 problems 可用 trouble 或 difficulty 代替，
而且可以用 no, little, some, great 等词修饰，表示困难的程度。
如：
I have some problems/trouble/difficulty (in) reading her
handwriting.我认她的笔迹有些困难。
拓展 have a good time/fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很开心
have a hard time (in) doing sth.
做某事很辛苦
运用 完成句子
(1)We _________________________________ (难以理解)
what he said.
(2)They seem to ___________________________ ( 工作得
很开心) in this company.
had problems (in) understanding
have a good time/fun (in) working
5．summary n．摘要，总结 adj.概括的，扼要的
点拨 (1)作名词时是可数名词，后常接介词 of，表示“……
摘要，……总结”。如：
He made a summary of the case.
他为这个案件做了一个摘要。
(2)作形容词时，无比较等级。如：
He gave a summary report of the day's events.
他对一天的事件作了简要的报告。
拓展 in summary 总的来说，简要地说
make a summary 做摘要/总结
运用 完成句子
(1)He _________________ (做总结) what he had done.
(2)I went through by ________________ (一个简易的方法)．
made a summary of
a summary method
Tell her to phone you if she needs any more
guidance.(P22, Question 1)告诉她如果需要更多的指导就给你
打电话。
6．guidance n．指导
典例
We would appreciate guidance from an expert in this
field.我们将欢迎该领域专家的指导。
拓展 under sb's guidance 在某人的指导下
take sb.under one's guidance 置某人于自己的庇护之下
运用 完成句子
________________ ( 在 他 的 指 导 下 ), we finished the work
smoothly.
Under his guidance
You are working for an institute that gives aid to the
poor in a small village.(P22, Question 2)你在一个小村子里的为
贫困户提供帮助的机构里工作。
7．aid n．援助，帮助 vt.有助于；帮助，救助，支援
典例
He should be able to read this without the aid of a
dictionary.他应当能够不用字典就能读懂这个。
A good dictionary can aid language learning.
一部好词典有助于语言学习。
She made no effort to aid Sophia.
她没有努力去帮助索菲娅。
拓展 in aid of 为了帮助……
by/with the aid of 通过……的帮助
do/give/offer first aid 进行急救
aid sb.in (doing) sth.在某方面帮助某人
运用 完成句子
(1)Germs can only be seen ________________ ( 借 助 ) a
microscope.
(2)The collection is ________________ (为了帮助) the blind.
(3)He raised the money to ________________ (帮助穷人)．
with/by the aid of
in aid of
aid the poor
Choose one of the hardest jobs for yourself to set an
example.(P22, Question 2) 自己承担一项最艰巨的任务以作表
率。
8．set an example 树立榜样
点拨
set 可接双宾语，若双宾语易位，通常用介词 to，即
set an example to sb.＝set sb.an example。 example 前可用 good,
bad 等词修饰。如：
She arrived at the office early to set an example to the others.
为了给他人作表率，她很早就来到办公室。
拓展 for example 例如
give an example to 做……的榜样，给……树立榜样
follow sb's example 学习某人，以某人为榜样
take sb.as an example 以某人为榜样
take sb./sth.for example 以某人/某事为例
运用 完成句子
(1)Her diligence has ________________ (为……树立了榜样)
the others.
(2)He said he would __________________________________
Britain.
set an example to
take her as an example/follow her example
(以她为榜样)．
(3)________________ ( 例 如 ), London is the capital of
For example
No one is hurt, but you are stuck on a forest road with
no traffic.(P22, Question 3)虽然无人受伤，但是车陷在了一条不
能通车的林间小路上。
9．be stuck on 陷入，卡住
点拨
be stuck＝get stuck，其后所接的介词根据该短语后
的名词而定，可用 in, on, at 等。如：
Our car seems to be/get stuck in the mud.
我们的车好像陷入了泥坑里。
运用 用适当的介词填空
(1)What would you do when you were stuck ________ a
forest alone
(2)Stuck ________ home like that, she felt bored.
(3)This morning I was stuck ________ the bus for nearly an
hour.
in
at
on
Check for errors, please.(P23, Ex.7)请找出错误。
10．error n．错误
典例 He admitted that he'd made an error.
他承认他犯了一个错误。
拓展 in error 弄错了；错误地
运用 完成句子
(1)The letter was sent to you ________________ (错误地)．
(2)The letter contains a number of ______________ ( 打印错
误)．
in error
typing errors
He should consult Mr Jensen about the new account on
the 24th.(P23, Ex.8)他应该询问詹森先生 24 号的新账目。
11．consult vt.请教；查阅
典例 I have to consult the manager.我得询问一下经理。
You can consult a dictionary of place names.
你可以查阅地名字典。
拓展 consult sb.about sth.向某人请教某事
consult sth.with sb.与某人商量某事
运用 用适当的介词填空
(1)You should consult the matter ________ your father.
(2)You should consult a doctor ________ your illness.
with
about
don't quarrel with anyone (P23, Ex.9)别和任何人吵架
12．quarrel vi.争吵，吵架 n．吵架，争论
典例 They often quarrel for nothing.他们经常无端争吵。
He is good-natured and has never had a quarrel with anyone.
他脾气很好，从不和任何人争吵。
拓展 quarrel with sb.about/over sth.因某事和某人争吵
quarrel with sth.不同意/抱怨某事
运用 完成句子
(1)She often ________________her husband _____________
(因……与……争吵) trivial (琐碎的) matters.
(2)He _______________ (反对) my suggestion that television
caused violence.
quarrels with
about/over
quarreled with
本课时单词 拓展词汇 构词法小结
chemist n．化学家 chemistry n．化学 1._______和_______
为名词后缀，表示从
事某种职业的人。如：
artist 艺术家；
accountant 会计。
2._______和_______
为抽象名词后缀。如：
assistance 援助；
attention 注意。
receptionist n．接待员 reception n．接待处，
招待会；接受
receive v．收到，接到
typist n．打字员 type v．打字 n．类型，种类
guidance n．指导 guide vt.带领；指导
n．向导，导游
consult vt.请教，查
阅 consultation n．磋商(会
议)，咨询
consultant n．顾问
运用 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．I got this medicine at the shop of ________ (chemistry)．
2 ． The school gave a ________ (receive) to their new
headmaster.
3 ． She __________ (reception) his present, but she will not
accept it.
4 ． Under his father's ________ (guide), he learned how to
swim.
5．He is a __________ (consult) on law affairs to the mayor.
6 ． He ________ (consult) the workers to understand the
technical process.
chemist
reception
has received
guidance
consultant
consulted
So far, nothing has been done and there are only ten days
until the performance.(P22, Question 4)离演出只剩下十天，但
到目前为止，你们还什么也没做。
点拨
so far 意为“到目前为止；迄今为止”，作时间状
语时句子要用现在完成时。如：
I have had no reply from her so far.
我至今没有得到她的答复。
We've only raised $2,000 so far.
我们到目前为止才筹集到了 2000 美元。
运用 完成句子
The government ________________ ( 拒 绝 ) comment on
has refused to
these reports so far.
原句 1
You are working for an institute that gives aid to the poor in a
small village.你在一个小村子里的为贫困户提供帮助的机构里
工作。
模仿要点
句子结构：that 引导的定语从句
模仿
(1)你正在一个为学生提供留学机会的大学里学习。
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
(2)他正在驾驶一辆开往北京的大卡车。
______________________________________________________
You are studying in a college that provides a chance to study abroad for students.
He is driving a truck that drives up to Beijing.
原句 2
You know that the situation is not really dangerous and
somebody is going to get help.你知道情况并不是真的很危险，并
且有人正在去求助。
模仿要点
句子结构：that 引导的宾语从句
模仿
(1)在上交试卷前要确保没有任何错误。
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
(2)他告诉我们在整个工作中，他都会帮忙的。
______________________________________________________
Make sure that there are no errors in your papers before you hand them in.
He told us that he would help us through the whole work.
间接引语(一)
一、定义
当我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的
部分称为直接引语，并用引号引起来；也可以用自己的话转述
别人的意思，被转述的部分称为间接引语，不用引号。间接引
语多构成宾语从句。直接引语变为间接引语时，须在时态、代
词、状语及句子的语序等方面作一些必要的调整。
二、代词的变化
指示代词 this, these 要改为 that, those。人称代词要根据“一
随主、二随宾、三不变”的原则作相应的变动。即：直接引语
的第一人称随主句的主语变化；直接引语的第二人称随主句的
宾语变化；直接引语的第三人称不作变化。如：
He said, “I want to go to Beijing University.”
他说：“我想去北京大学读书。”
→He said that he wanted to go to Beijing University.
他说他想去北京大学读书。
He said to her, “I've left my book in your room.”
他对她说：“我把我的书落在你房间了。”
→He told her that he had left his book in her room.
他对她说他把他的书落在她的房间了。
He said, “She is stupid.”他说：“她很笨。”
→He said that she was stupid.他说她很笨。
三、动词的变化
直接引语变为间接引语时，有个别动词也需要改变，如
come 变为 go, bring 变为 take 等。如：
“He will come today，” she said.她说：“他今天会来。”
→She said that he would go that day.
她说他那天会来。
直接引语 间接引语
now then
ago before
today that day
this morning that morning
yesterday the day before
yesterday morning the morning before
tomorrow the next day/the following day
last week/month etc. the week/month etc. before
next week/month etc. the following week/month etc.
this week/month etc. that week/month etc.
here there
四、状语的变化
五、直接引语为祈使句时的变化
当直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时主句中的谓语动词
往往根据直接引语中的语气换成 ask, tell, order, advise 等动词，
而直接引语中的谓语动词则要变成动词不定式。如：
“Please explain why you're half an hour late ，”the teacher
said.
老师说：“请解释一下你为什么迟到了半个小时。”
→The teacher asked him to explain why he was half an hour
late.老师要他解释一下为什么他迟到了半个小时。
“Don't give up！” Father shouted to him.
父亲对他高声喊道：“不要泄气。”
→Father told him in a loud voice not to give up.
父亲大声喊着叫他不要泄气。
一、同义句转换
1．Mom said to me, “Don't tell a lie.”
Mom __________ me ________ tell a lie.
2．“Go and post the letters，” the manager said to him.
The manager _________ him _________ and post the letters.
3．“Stop making so much noise, children，” he said.
He ______ the children ____________ making so much noise.
4．“Don't tell him the news，” she said.
She told me _______________ him the news.
told
not to
told
to go
told
to stop
not to tell
5．She said to me, “Don't ride in the street.”
She ________ me ________________ in the street.
6 ．“Stand where you are ！” the police said to the young
man.
The police _______ the young man _________ where he was.
7．“Please close the window，” he said to me.
He ________ me ________________ the window.
8．He said, “Don't do that again.”
He __________ me ________________ that again.
told
not to ride
ordered
to stand
asked
to close
told
not to do
二、将下列句子改为间接引语
1．“Please come here again tomorrow，” her friend said to
her.
______________________________________________________
2．“Come early tomorrow, Jim，” he said.
______________________________________________________
3．“Don't be late again, Mary，” he said.
______________________________________________________
4．“Don't go out at night, Jim，” he said.
______________________________________________________
5．“Watch carefully，” he said.
______________________________________________________
Her friend asked her to go there again the next/following day.
He told Jim to go early the next day.
He told Mary not to be late again.
He warned Jim not to go out at night.
He told us to watch carefully.
