(共6张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Using Language
Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919,
leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American
people.亨利·克莱·弗里克是纽约的一位富豪，于 1919 年去世，
他把自己的房子、家具和艺术收藏品全部留给了美国人民。
1．现在分词(短语)作结果状语
解析
句中 leaving his house...是现在分词短语作状语表结
果。现在分词(短语)作结果状语通常表示一个合乎逻辑的正常
结果。如：
Cotton exports rose by 52 percent, setting a record of 3.5
billion dollars.
棉花出口增加了 52%，创下了 35 亿美元的纪录。
拓展
动词不定式也可以作结果状语。当表示产生的结果
是令人失望的时，通常在不定式前面加上 only，构成“only＋to
do”结构。如：
We ran to the playground only to find nothing there.
我们跑到操场，结果什么也没发现。
运用 完成句子
①He died, ________________ ( 留 下 他 的 妻 子 ) and five
children struggling against famine.
②He hurried to the bank ________________ (却发现) that it
was closed.
leaving his wife
only to find
It will appeal to those who love Impressionist and
Post-Impressionist paintings. 它将会吸引那些喜爱印象派和后
印象派作品的人。
2．appeal
解析 (1)作不及物动词，意为“有感染力；呼吁；求助”，
后常跟 to/for/against 等。如：
She appealed to us to go with her.
她恳求我们与她同行。
As the crisis grew worse, local community leaders appealed
for unity.
危机越来越严重，当地社团领袖呼吁大家团结一致。
(2)作及物动词，意为“将……上诉”。如：
He is going to appeal his neighbor.
他准备起诉他的邻居。
(3)作名词，意为“呼吁；恳求”。如：
The police have renewed their appeal for help from the public.
警方已经重新呼吁公众提供帮助。
拓展 appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣
appeal (to sb.) for sth.为某事(向某人)呼吁
appeal sb.to do sth.呼吁某人做某事
appeal to a higher court 向上级法院上诉
make an appeal to sb.for sth.为某事向某人呼吁
运用 完成句子
①The Expo 2010 Shanghai China ________________ (吸引)
the visitors all over the world.
②They ________________ (呼吁) the villagers for money to
build the bridge.
appealed to
made an appeal to(共12张PPT)
Section Ⅳ
Writing
如何写建议信
建议信主要是向对方(单位或个人等)提出请求或建议，以
便对方接受自己的意见，解决有关问题。我们在写建议信的时
候，要做到以下三个方面：
一、遵循英语书信格式
规范的书信格式会帮助你给对方留下良好的印象(尤其是
对领导或权力部门及相关单位)，否则你的建议可能会打折扣。
1．信头：包括写信人地址和日期，通常写在信纸的右上角。
可从靠近而不超过信笺的中央写起。先写写信人地址，再写写
信日期。写信人地址通常是由小到大，即：先写门牌号码、街
道名或路名，再写区(县)及所在市名称，然后是省或州、郡名
称，最后写上国家的名称。写信日期通常有两种写法，“月、
日、年”或“日、月、年”。需写邮政编码，其位于城市名称
后面，用逗号隔开。
2．称呼：指写信人对收信人的称呼，写在信头的下方并在
信笺的左边。称呼一般用 Dear...开头，称呼后一般用逗号。
3．正文：是书信的主体部分，即写信人要表达的内容。正
文要求文字通顺，层次分明，表意清楚。
4．结束语：是书信结尾的恭维话，常见的有“Best wishes”，
相当于中文书信最后的“祝好”、“敬礼”之类的话语。
5．签名：通常在结束语下方的中间偏右的位置，根据写信
的 对 象 常 用 Sincerely yours/Yours sincerely( 长 辈 或 朋 友 ) 或
Respectfully yours/Yours respectfully(长辈或上级)等加逗号，然
后在下面一至两行处签名。要注意的是，不能写成如“Yours
sincerely, David”的形式或受汉语影响在签名下方再写上写信
的日期。
二、善提建议
英语的建议信至少要分为三段。
1．第一段：要开门见山，让收信人明白写信人要提的建议，
要用概括性的句子说明提什么建议，同时一定要有礼貌。
常用的句式有：
(1)I'm writing to express my views concerning...；
(2)I would like to suggest that...；
(3)I would recommend that...；
(4)If I were you, I would...；
(5)We'd better...；
(6)Why not...
在建议完毕时，也可用以下句型避免对方产生不必要的抵
触情绪：
(1)I do hope you will consider my suggestion.
(2)What do you think of my suggestion Whether...or not
depends on you.
2．第二段：要详细地说明事情的来龙去脉，要按照事情发
展的顺序描述发展的过程，可充分运用各种时态来表达。
(1)说明事情的起因，可用一般过去时或过去完成时。
(2)描述当前事情的发展状态，可用一般现在时、现在完成
时或现在进行时。
(3)预测美好的将来，即说明写信人提出的建议将会带来良
好的影响，可用一般将来时或将来完成时。
3．第三段：为书信的结尾，通常要用客套话来表示礼貌和
祝愿。
三、理由充分
自己所提出的建议须具有合理性和说服力才能使对方接
受，故充分的理由必不可少。通常可以通过以下方式阐述自己
的理由：
1．通过分析所提的建议可能会出现的良好结果或结局，说
明其可行性。
2．通过分析事态发展现状及趋势，说明所提建议的必要性。
3．列出相关数据及某些研究结果及专家的论证或预言，提
供建议的依据，增强其可行性。
4．列出某些具体的操作步骤，让对方感受到所提建议的可
操作性。
你的堂兄李华在国外学习，你们经常用英语通信。他即将
完成学业，不久前来信就是否回国工作征求你的意见。请根据
下列提示和要求给他回一封信。
[写作内容]
1．建议他回国；
2．你的理由是：
(1)学有所用，就业容易；
(2)照顾父母。
[写作要求]
1．词数 100 左右；
2．信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
[评分标准]
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
No.42, Zhongshan Road，
Guangzhou City, Guangdong
China
June 8, 2012
Dear Li Hua，
I'm very glad to receive your letter.______________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely，
Li Ming
参考范文：
No.42, Zhongshan Road，
Guangzhou City, Guangdong
China
June 8, 2012
Dear Li Hua，
I'm very glad to receive your letter.I've been thinking about the question you asked me.In my opinion, you should come back after you finish your studies abroad.
For one reason, what you are studying is badly needed nowadays in China.It will be quite easy for you to find a job.In fact, I know a few big companies in our city are hoping to hire people like you.For another reason, I think it will be more convenient for you to look after your parents as they are getting old.Therefore, I think it's a good idea for you to return.So what are you waiting for
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely，
Li Ming(共25张PPT)
Unit 1
Art
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading
一、课文大意填空
This passage is a brief history of Western painting.Art is
influenced by the (1)________ and (2)________ of a people.Styles
in Western art have (3)________ so many times.The most
important four styles (4)________ from the sixth century AD, that
is, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, (5)____________ and Modern
Art, are introduced in this passage.
customs
faith
changed
starting
Impressionism
二、根据课文内容，选择最佳答案
1．What themes did the main aim of painters represent du-ring
the Middle Ages ______
A．Nature.
C．Religious.
B．People.
D．Perspective.
2 ． It can be inferred from the text that classical Roman and
Greek ideas were ________.
A．imaginary
C．impressionistic
B．perspective
D．realistic
C
D
3．In the Renaissance, painters ________.
A．painted religious scenes in a more realistic style
B．painted people and nature in a realistic style
C．only painted pictures for rich people
D ． would have been able to paint more realistic pictures
without the discovery of perspective rules
B
4 ． At first people disliked the Impressionists' paintings
because ________.
A．their paintings were really ridiculous
B．their paintings were painted in a careless way
C ． their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier
painters
D．both A and B
C
5．Which of the following statements is TRUE _____
A ． Many of modern art styles might not exist without the
Impressionists.
B ． Some modern art is abstract because the painter does not
concentrate on certain qualities of the object.
C ． Modern artists look at their environment and art in a
different way from the Impressionists.
D．We can predict that no more new styles of Western art will
come into being.
A
Styles Characteristic
The Middle
Ages The main aim of painters was to represent
(1)_______________．
The
Renaissance People adopted (2)__________________ attitude to
life and painters tried to paint people and nature as
(3)_________________．
Impressionism The Impressionists worked outdoors and were eager
to show (4)___________________ fell on objects at
different times of day, but many people said this kind
of paintings were (5)________．
Modern Art Some modern art is (6)________； some modern art
is realistic.
三、阅读课文，然后完成下列表格
religious themes
a more humanistic
they really were
how light and shadow
ridiculous
abstract
Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.艺
术受民族习俗和信仰的影响。
1．faith n．信任；信心；信念
典例 Faith can move mountains.精诚所至，金石为开。
拓展 have faith in 相信，信任
keep faith with sb.对某人守信用
by one's faith 保证；千真万确
in good/bad faith 诚实地/不诚实地
运用 完成句子
I ________________ (相信) his ability to succeed.
have faith in
During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was
to represent religious themes.在中世纪，画家的主要任务是表现
宗教主题。
2．aim
解析 (1)n.目标；目的
Our aim is to make our school more beautiful.
我们的目标就是让学校变得更美丽。
(2)vi.& vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力
He aims to be a successful businessman.
他立志成为一名成功的商人。
拓展 achieve one's aim 达到目的
miss one's aim 打不中目标；达不到目的
take aim at 向……瞄准
with the aim of 以……为目标；意在……
aim at 瞄准
aim to do sth./aim at doing sth.意欲，力求做某事
be aimed at (doing) sth.旨在……；目的在于……
运用 完成句子
①You should do your best to _______________ (实现你的目
标)．
② Jimmy practices playing the violin day and night and
____________________ (意欲成为) the best violinist.
achieve your aim
aims at being/aims to be
A typical picture at this time was full of religious
symbols...这个时期典型的绘画充满了宗教色彩……
3．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的
典例 He is a typical student who likes to ask questions.
他是一个典型的爱问问题的学生。
拓展 be typical of...是……特有的；是典型的……
It is typical of sb.to do sth.某人做某事是他的特点
运用 完成句子
①These are likely to ________________ (是典型的……) the
early symptoms of lung cancer.
②________________ ( 是 他 的 特 点 ) to leave the mobile
phone in the office.
be typical of
It's typical of him
People began to concentrate less on religious themes
and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.人们开始较少关注
宗教主题，而是采取一种更人性化的生活态度。
4．adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养
典例 Miss Gao has adopted a new teaching method.
高老师采用了一种新的教学法。
As they had no children of their own, they adopted an orphan.
由于他们没有亲生儿女，就收养了一个孤儿。
运用 完成句子
①You should learn to ________________ (采纳建议)．
②They are not my real parents.I ______________ ( 被收养)．
adopt a suggestion
am adopted
Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so
they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.富人
们想拥有自己的画像并用来装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。
5．possess vt.
解析 (1)意为“拥有”，不能用于进行时。如：
Mr.Zhang asked me if I possessed my own car.
张先生问我是否有自己的车。
(2)意为“具有”。如：
I'm afraid he doesn't possess a sense of humor.
恐怕他没有什么幽默感。
(3)意为“支配”，通常指感觉、情绪、想法等的支配。如：
She was suddenly possessed with fear.
她突然感到害怕。
拓展 possess oneself of 获得
be possessed of 拥有
be in possession of (某人)拥有(某物)
be in the possession of (某物)为(某人)所有
运用 完成句子
①They don't ________________ ( 拥 有 ) the necessary
technical knowledge.
②Although plain-looking, Mary is ________________ (具有)
great intelligence.
③One main idea ________________ ( 支配 着她 ); she must
get away from home.
possess
possessed of
possessed her
By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this
time...巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展……
6．by coincidence 巧合地
典例 By coincidence, we arrived here at the same time.
巧合的是，我们同时到这。
拓展 by chance 偶然；意外地(一般不放在句首)
by accident 偶然；无意中；不小心地
运用 完成句子
________________ (巧合的是), we bought the same skirt.
By coincidence
Without the new paints and the new technique, we
would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which
this period is famous.没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就
不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。
7．without 引导的非真实条件句
解析
句中 without 引导的介词短语是一个暗含的非真实
条件句，主句谓语用“would/should/might/could＋动词原形”。
如：
Without your help, she would not achieve her aim.
没有你的帮助，她就不能实现她的目标。
运用 完成句子
________________ (没有水), people would die.
Without water
In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal,
from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.
19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变
成了以工业为主的社会。
8．a great deal
解析 a great deal 意为“大量”，作名词性短语。如：
I have a great deal for supper because I am going to stay up
late tonight.我晚饭吃得很多，因为准备熬夜。
拓展 (1)a great deal 还可作副词性短语，修饰形容词。如：
She is a great deal happier than I thought.
她比我所想的要幸福得多。
(2)a great deal of 意为“大量的”，作形容词性短语，后接
不可数名词。如：
They have spent a great deal of money on this project.他们在
这个工程上花了大量的钱。
运用 完成句子
①Our hometown ___________________ ( 改变了许多 ) in the
past five years.
②Look at that tree.It's ________________ ( 高了很多) than
before.
③________________ ( 大量的时间) has been wasted in the
last two weeks.
a great deal taller
has changed a great deal
A great deal of time
...the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see
them with our eyes... ……画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西
如实地画出来……
9．attempt
解析 (1)n.努力；尝试；企图
She made an attempt to learn to ride a bike.
她尝试着学骑自行车。
(2)vt.尝试；企图
The prisoner attempted an escape, but failed.
犯人企图逃走，但失败了。
拓展 表示“尝试、试图做某事”可有以下表达方法：
attempt to do sth.
make an attempt to do sth.
make an attempt at doing sth.
运用 完成句子
①Do not ________________________ (尝试) repair this yourself.
②He ________________ (试图) skipping off, but failed.
attempt to/make an attempt to
made an attempt at
On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so
realistic that they look like photographs.而另一方面，有些现代
派的艺术作品却是那么写实，看上去就像是照片。
10．on the other hand (可是)另一方面
解析
on the other hand 常与 on the one hand 连用，但在许
多情况下，会根据上下文省略 on the one hand。如：
I know this job isn't well-paid, but on the other hand I don't
have to work long hours.
我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必
工作太长时间。
运用 完成句子
________________ (另一方面), they won't take the jobs that
don't pay much.
On the other hand
Who can predict what painting styles there will be in
the future 谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画艺术风格？
11．predict vt.预言；预告；预测
典例 He predicted a good harvest.他预言丰收。
拓展 (1)predict that...预言……
She predicted that he would marry a wealthy lady.
她预言他会娶到一位有钱的女士。
(2)be predicted to do sth.被预测做某事
Unemployment is predicted to increase to 70,000 by the end
of this year.
预计年底失业人数会上升到 7 万。
(3)It is predicted that...据预测……
It is predicted that the food prices will continue to go up in the
next few months.
预计未来几个月食品价格还会继续上涨。
运用 完成句子
①Can you ________________ (预测天气) tomorrow
②________________ ( 据 预 测 ) the economy may become
better after September.
predict the weather
It is predicted that(共17张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Learning about Language
the art of making figures, objects, etc out of stone, wood,
clay, etc 用石头、木头、泥土等材料制作人像、物体的艺术等
1．figure
解析 (1)n.画像；身材；数字
There is a figure of the queen on the wall.
墙上有一幅女王的画像。
Betty has a good figure.贝蒂身材很好。
He has an income of six figures.
他有六位数的收入。
(2)v.计算；估计
He is figuring out the expenses in the office.
他正在办公室计算开支。
I figure he'll be back soon.我估计他很快会回来。
拓展 figure out 弄明白；计算出
运用 完成句子
①Please write the numbers in Arabic ____________ (数字)．
②Have you ________________ (弄明白) why he is absent
figures
figured out
...so excited about meeting a famous scholar in the
flesh.……很激动见到著名学者本人。
2．in the flesh 活着的；本人
解析 in the flesh 多是针对以前见过其照片或影视而说的。
如：
She is even more beautiful in the flesh than in photographs.她
真人比照片还要好看。
运用 完成句子
She looks lovelier ________________ (本人) than on TV.
in the flesh
虚拟语气Ⅰ
一、虚拟语气的相关概念
1．语气：动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情
的看法和态度。
2．语气的种类：一般分为陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气
三种。
3．虚拟语气：用来表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，
或者是不可能发生的情况，而是说话者的主观愿望、假设或推
测等。主要用于条件句、让步状语从句和表示建议的名词性从
句中。
二、虚拟语气在条件句中的应用
1．判断
条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句。这种真实
条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。如：
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.
如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可
能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如：
If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about
如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。(事实上他昨天没
见到你，因此也未能问你这件事)
it.
从句 主句
与过去事实
相反 had＋过去分词 would/should/might/coul
d＋have＋过去分词
与现在事实
相反 动词过去式(be 的过去
式一般用 were) would/should/might/coul
d ＋动词原形
与将来事实
相反 ①动词的过去式(be 的
过去式一般用 were)
②should＋动词原形
③were to＋动词原形 would/should/might/coul
d ＋动词原形
2．应用
在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用
虚拟语气。如下表：
(1)与过去事实相反
If he had taken my advice, he wouldn't have failed in the exam.
如果他听了我的建议，他就不会考试不及格了。
If I had come here yesterday, I would have seen her.
如果昨天我来这里，我就能见到她了。
(2)与现在事实相反
If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
如果我是老师，我会严格要求我的学生。
If she had enough money, she might buy a computer.
如果她有足够的钱，她可能会买一台电脑。
(3)与将来事实相反
If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out.
如果明天下雪，他们就不能出去了。
If it were to rain, the crops would be saved.
要是能下雨的话，庄稼就得救了。
注意：if 虚拟条件句中如果有 were, should 或 had，可省去
if，把 were, should 或 had 提到句首，使用倒装语序。如：
If I were a doctor, I would put all my patients in the first place.
→Were I a doctor, I would put all my patients in the first place.
如果我是医生，我会把我所有的病人摆在第一位。
If it should rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
→Should it rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
如果明天下雨，足球赛将被延期。
If it had not rained, we could have come earlier.
→Had it not rained, we could have come earlier.
如果没有下雨，我们就能早点到。
wish
(that) 过去完成时 表示对过去的虚拟
一般过去时(be 动词一般用 were) 表示对现在的虚拟
should/could/might＋动词原形 表示对将来的虚拟
三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用
1．动词 wish 表示的是一种主观愿望，后接的宾语从句要
用虚拟语气。
如：
He is too thin.He wishes he were as strong as Bill.
他太瘦了。他希望自己像比尔那么强壮。
I wish I could go to the moon tomorrow.
我希望明天就能去月球。
I wish I had taken your advice at that time.
我希望那时听取了你的意见。
注意：wish 本身可以是过去式，表示过去的一种愿望，that
从句的时态不受影响。如：
He wished he hadn't told Mary the bad news yesterday.他希望
昨天没有告诉玛丽那个坏消息。
2．在表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等动词后的宾语从句中，
也要用虚拟语气，谓语用“should＋动词原形”，其中 should
可以省略。
表示坚持的动词：insist
表示命令的动词：order, command
表示建议的动词：suggest, propose, advise
表示要求的动词：request, require, demand, ask
如：
She requested that she (should) be kept informed of
developments.她要求保持向她报告事态发展情况。
The doctor advised that he (should) get enough sleep.
医生建议他保证充足的睡眠。
注意：
(1)suggest 表“暗示；表明”，insist 表“坚持认为”时，
不用虚拟语气。如：
The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our
work.他脸上的微笑表明他对我们的工作很满意。
The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.
那个人坚持说他没有偷钱。
(2)在 would rather 后的宾语从句中，谓语动词常用过去式
来表示对现在或将来的虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。
如：
I would rather you went tomorrow.
我宁愿你明天去。
I would rather she hadn't done that.
我宁愿她没有那样做。
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．If she had worked harder, she _______________________
(succeed)．
2 ． He insists that it __________ (be) him who came first.
3．—You should have gone to the show with us yesterday.It's
very good.
—I wish I ________________ (be) there, but I was busy with
my report.
would have succeeded
was
had been
4．—Did you catch the plane
—No, if I had hurried, I ________________ (catch) it.
5．—He is a very brave man.
—Yes.I wish I __________ (have) his courage.
would have caught
had
二、完成句子
1．________________ (如果我是你), I would go at once.
2．_______________________ (如果他采纳我的意见), he
would not have made such a mistake.
3 ． If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we
________________ (不去滑冰)．
4．I wish I ________________ (知道) the truth of the matter.
5．He suggested that I ________________ (努力学习)．
If I were you
If he had taken my advice
would not go skating
knew
(should) study hard
