(共59张PPT)
Unit 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
本单元的主题语境是“人与社会”主题中的“历史、社会与文化”主题群。整个单元围绕饮食与文化的主题展开,介绍了中国主要菜系的特点及代表性菜肴,呈现了中西餐馆的就餐场景和点餐过程,探讨了饮食与健康、饮食与环保的关系,旨在帮助我们了解中外特色菜肴及饮食文化差异,让我们领略中国饮食文化的丰富多彩,并思考饮食与文化、饮食与环保等的关系,养成健康的饮食习惯。本单元各板块的活动主题如下:
语篇类型 1. 说明文:CULTURE AND CUISINE,HEALTHY EATING;
2. 新媒体语篇:CONVENIENCE FOOD OR FRESH FOOD
3. 其他类型:图片、音频、视频等
语言知识 主题词汇 食物菜肴:cuisine recipe onion lamb lamb kebab dim sum junk food bacon ham sausage cabbage bean curd dessert dough haggis bun red braised pork
调味品:pepper peppercorn vinegar garlic chilli ingredient
饮食行业:chef stuff slice ... off canteen cafeteria dairy association
营养健康:consist of vegetarian olive fig calorie vitamin fibre chew consume
形容描写:prior to elegant exceptional minimum brand stable somewhat regardless of categoryquantity moderation ideal fundamental consistent modest trick overall
语法 过去完成时及过去完成时的被动语态
语篇 说明文的文章结构及语言特色
语言知识
语用 点菜: 付账:
Can I help you
I’ll take your order in a minute. Can I have the bill, please
What should I order Here’s your bill./Here you are.
Why don’t you order ... How will you pay
Do you have ... Do you accept credit cards
How about ordering ... I’ll pay in cash/through my
You should have/try ... mobile phone/by credit card.
This restaurant has the best ... Here’s your change. Thank
It will cool you down/warm you up. you for your coming. Goodbye.
Anything else, please
文化知识 1. 了解博大精深的中国饮食文化,坚定文化自信;学会用英语介绍中国饮食文化,如主要菜系及其特点;
2. 了解中外特色菜肴及饮食文化差异,深入理解饮食与文化的关系,增强跨文化沟通意识和能力
语言技能 1. 能够充分利用相关图片和文字信息预测听力内容;
2. 能够分角色模拟在中餐馆与外国朋友点餐的对话,在交流中正确使用点餐及付款的表达;
3. 能够感知、理解文本中的因果关系及其丰富内涵,提高阅读理解能力;
4. 能够写一篇关于饮食方面的文章,恰当使用连接词,使上下文衔接自然、逻辑清晰;
5. 能够根据文字介绍及图片预测视频内容
学习策略 1. 通过同义词、近义词、话题词等构建词族、词汇语义网,扩大词汇量;
2. 通过因果项原则,理解语篇逻辑以及段落间的衔接
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking (1)
1. 阅读有关饮食与文化关系的事理说明文,能够抓住文本的时间、地域线索,理解和把握食物与地域文化、历史传统、当地人性格特点等之间的关系。
2. 借助文本中的语篇衔接词,或通过理解文字背后的隐含意义,准确把握信息之间的因果关系,提升阅读理解能力。
3. 联系自己的经历,合理使用本课所学词汇,描述某地的饮食与文化。
Ⅰ. A. 在括号里写出黑体部分在句中的含义。
1. Sichuan cuisine( ) is famous for its spiciness.
2. Our country is like a big family, consisting of( ) fifty-six peoples.
3. I love this bread. How did you make it Can you give me the recipe( )
4. The bold( ) girl dared to walk alone through the forest at night.
5. He had a terrible temper( ), and sometimes he would completely lose control.
6. At the age of five, he showed exceptional( ) talent as a musician.
答案:1. 菜肴 2. 由……组成 3. 食谱
4. 敢于冒险的 5. 脾气 6. 罕见的
B. 选出与黑体单词在句中含义对应的英语释义。
( )1. Please give us prior notice if you need an evening meal.
( )2. Many people are unaware of just how much food and drinks they consume.
( )3. Her husband is a vegetarian, but she herself eats meat.
( )4. Once he gave life to some junk and turned it into an artwork.
( )5. He is only five feet nine, the minimum height for a policeman.
( )6. Little kitten has a beautiful mother and an elegant grandmother. Look, how happy they are!
A. a person who does not eat meat or fish
B. happening or existing before sth else or before a particular time
C. attractive and showing a good sense of style
D. to eat or drink sth
E. things that are considered useless or of little value
F. the smallest that is possible or allowed; extremely small
答案: 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. F 6. C
Ⅱ. A. 短语含义匹配。
( )1. refer to
( )2. a case in point
( )3. as a result
( )4. on the other hand
( )5. at a minimum
( )6. go hand in hand
A. 另一方面
B. 至少;最小
C. 指的是
D. 典型的例子;恰当的例证
E. 携手共进
F. 因此
答案： 1. C 2. D 3. F 4. A 5. B 6. E
B. 根据汉语提示补全短语。
1. prior 在……之前的
2. consist 由……组成(或构成)
3. slice ... 切下
4. put more 简言之
5. relate ... ... 把……与……联系起来
答案:1. to 2. of 3. off 4. simply 5. to
Ⅲ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出正确单词。
1. There are three (特别的) situations, which you must handle separately.
2. The class needs a (最小量) of six students to continue.
3. Based on their personal experience, (厨师) make various dishes.
4. Before he died, he had (喝) a large quantity of alcohol.
5. Patricia looked beautiful and (文雅的) as always.
6. She will be unable to attend because of a (先前的) engagement.
7. Theo needs to learn to control his (脾气).
8. She’s a strict (素食者) and refuses to eat any meat or fish.
答案:1. exceptional 2. minimum 3. chefs
4. consumed 5. elegant 6. prior 7. temper
8. vegetarian
Ⅳ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空。
on the other hand, relate ... to ..., go hand in hand, put more simply, consist of, refer to, as a result
1. : a dollar should buy the same amount everywhere.
2. Read the following sentences and tell which festivals they .
3. He was often late for work. , he was fired.
4. The job wasn’t very interesting, but it was well-paid.
5. Higher returns and higher risk usually .
6. I found it difficult to the truth the person.
7. The football team, 23 players and 3 coaches, was set up about three years ago.
答案: 1. Put more simply 2. refer to 3. As a result 4. on the other hand 5. go hand in hand 6. relate; to 7. consisting of
Ⅴ. 背景知识阅读。
Sometimes people are curious to know what type of food is healthy and what kind of food may hurt our health. The United States Department of Agriculture has prepared a small book to help people learn about which types of food are the healthiest to eat. The book describes six basic food groups: meat, dairy (things made from milk), grain, fruit, and vegetables. The last group is fat, oil, and sweets.
As a result of years of research, we know that too much fat is bad for our health. For example, Americans eat a lot of
meat and only a small quantity of grain, fruit, and vegetables. Thus they often get obesity and heart disease. People are also eating more meat and dairy products in other countries such as Cuba and Hungary. It’s no surprise that the disease rate in these countries is increasing along with the change in diet. In Japan, on the other hand, people eat large amounts of grain and very little meat. They have a very low rate (比率) of obesity and heart disease. Therefore, doctors everywhere advise people to eat more grain, fruit, and vegetables, and less meat and dairy products.
Activity 1: 学习理解
Step 1: Look at the title “CULTURE AND CUISINE” and the pictures in the text. Can you guess what the text is about
答案: The text mainly tells us that our personality, character, and culture are closely linked to the foods we eat.
Step 2: Read the text and choose the best answers.
1. What does the sentence “Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.” mean according to Brillat-Savarin
A. People’s health is related to what they eat.
B. People’s appearance is related to what they eat.
C. People’s jobs are related to what they eat.
D. People’s personality, character, and culture are related to what they eat.
2. Which of the following is NOT true
A. The Chinese food in America cannot tell us much about the Chinese.
B. Americans are not afraid to try new foods.
C. When the author’s family and he had just arrived in China, they had no idea how to order.
D. In North China, making dumplings has not always been a family affair.
3. What is the most famous food in Shandong
A. Dumplings.
B. Boiled or roasted meat.
C. Pancake rolls.
D. Noodles.
4. What can we know from the last two paragraphs
A. The people in Shandong like elegant dim sum—small servings of food in bamboo steamers.
B. The people in Hainan like the exceptional stewed noodles.
C. Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness.
D. Those who like spicy food must have a hot temper.
答案: 1. D 2. D 3. C 4. C
通过因果关系理解文章细节及逻辑关系
在阅读故事或文章时,我们有时会暂停阅读,思考文章中发生的事情及发生这些事情的原因。原因(cause)是指一件事为什么会发生,结果(effect)是指到底发生了什么事情。找出文章中的因果关系,有助于我们更好地理解故事中的事件或细节是如何联系在一起的。
有些线索词如so、 because、 therefore、 so that等,可以帮助我们找出文章中的因果关系。但有时文章中没有明显的表示因果关系的线索词,我们就需要结合上下文和常识等理解这种因果关系。另外需要注意的是,有时文章中会涉及多种因果关系。
Step 3: Read the text again and fill in the chart below.
答案:1. America 2. Beijing 3. Shandong
4. Xinjiang 5. Guangdong and Henan
Activity 2: 应用实践
Role-play with your partner. One acts as a reporter of the school newspaper, and the other acts as the author of the passage. The reporter will interview the author about his impressions on the foods and people in China.
答案:
Reporter: What kind of foods do you like to eat in China
Author: I like dumplings, noodles and pancakes very much.
Reporter: Do you think your personality is closely linked to what you eat Why
Author: Yes. People always choose their own preferences, which are often very close to their own character, so a person’s personality is closely linked to the foods they eat.
Activity 3: 迁移创新
Write a passage to your penfriend Li Hua to tell him your favourite food in your hometown.
答案:
Dear Li Hua,
In my hometown there are various famous foods,among which I like scallion flavoured sea cucumbers(葱烧海参) and cooked chicken(煮土鸡) best. I think Shandong cuisine is known for its excellent seafood dishes and delicious soup, and its character is clear, fresh, crisp, tender.
Do you like Shandong cuisine Come here and enjoy it please.
Reading and Thinking (2)
1. 通过观察例句,探究归纳以下词汇和句式的含义及用法:prior, consist of, “do/does/did+动词原形”构成强调句,形容词(短语)作伴随状语,with复合结构,并在语境中灵活运用。
2. 运用所学主题词汇及相关句式对课文进行概要写作。
1. prior
【观察思考】
Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. (教材第26页)
来中国之前,我只在美国接触过中式烹饪,那里的中国食物已被改变,以适应美国人的口味。
They have a prior claim to the property.
他们有权优先获得该处房产。
【探究总结】
(1)prior adj. 先前的;优先的
be prior to
(2)相似短语:
be superior to 优于;好于
be senior to 比……大/年长,职位高
be junior to 比……小/年幼,职位低
答案:(1)在……之前,居先
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①在出发三天前打电话预订即可。
Just phone in your order three days departure.
②我哥哥比我年长两岁。
My brother is by two years.
③他的职责是指导职位在他之下的人。
His job is to give instructions to people .
答案: ①prior to ②senior to me ③junior to him
2. consist of
【观察思考】
For example, America’s most popular Chinese dish is General Tso’s chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers. (教材第26页)
例如,在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠鸡”,它在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱,再佐以煸炒过的红辣椒制成。
Five people make up the team; in other words, the team is made up of/is composed of/consists of five people.
五个人组成了这个团队。换句话说,这个团队是由五个人组成的。
As is known to us all, happiness consists in health.
众所周知,幸福在于健康。
The politician’s actions do not consist with the promises he made in his speeches.
这个政治家的所作所为与他在演讲中的承诺并不一致。
【探究总结】
(1)consist vi. 组成;在于;一致
(2)相关搭配:
①consist 由……组成(或构成)(没有进行时和被动式),相当于
②consist ... 在于……;存在于……
③consist ... 与……一致/相符
答案:(2)①of; be made up of/be composed of
②in ③with
3. “do/does/did+动词原形”构成强调句
【观察思考】
On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans. (教材第26页)
不过在另一方面,它确实让我们对美国人了解很多。
If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally you will succeed.
如果你有一份工作,务必要全力以赴地去做,最终你会成功的。
Believe it or not, he did go home yesterday.
信不信由你,他昨天确实回家了。
【探究总结】
“do/does/did+动词原形”构成强调句。do/does/did意为“确实;的确”,用来加强谓语动词的语气,但须符合以下两个条件:
(1)句子是 句;
(2)句子的时态为 时或 时。
答案:(1)肯定 (2)一般现在;一般过去
【应用实践】
用强调谓语句式改写句子。
①Try this fish, please.
→ this fish, please.
②I ran across an old friend in the supermarket yesterday.
→I an old friend in the supermarket yesterday.
③My brother studies here every day.
→My brother here every day.
答案: ①Do try ②did run across
③does study
4. 形容词(短语)作伴随状语
【观察思考】
Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. (教材第26页)
我们疲惫不堪,饥肠辘辘,也不认识一个汉字,不知道该怎么点餐,所以厨师径自在我们的桌子上摆满食物;那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。
Overjoyed, he rushed out of the house.
他欣喜若狂地冲出了家门。
Ripe, these apples are sweet.
这些苹果熟了的时候很甜。
【探究总结】
形容词(短语)在句中作状语,用于说明主语的 ,常表示伴随情况,有时也表示 、 、条件、让步等。
答案:特征或状态;原因;时间
形容词作状语时,其前不加being。
【应用实践】
(1)句型转换。
①Because she was frightened, she asked me to go with her.
→ , she asked me to go with her.
②When the teacher asked the question, all the students sat there and kept silent.
→When the teacher asked the question, all the students sat there, .
(2)完成句子。
①The boy lay in the sofa, (很放松).
②After the long journey, the three of them came back home,
(又饿又累).
③ (既惊奇又高兴), Tom came to the front and accepted the prize.
答案:(1)①Frightened ②silent
(2)①relaxed ②hungry and tired
③Surprised and happy
5. with复合结构
【观察思考】
It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone—from the youngest to the oldest—joining in to help.(教材第26页)
水饺已成为华北人民最喜爱的一种传统食物;包饺子一直是一项全员参与的家庭活动,无论老少都会加入进来帮忙。
He fell asleep soon with the windows closed.
关着窗户,他很快睡着了。
With you to help us, we’ll surely succeed.
有你来帮助我们,我们一定会成功。
The boy stood there, with a ball in his hand.
这个男孩手里拿着球站在那儿。
He stared at me with his mouth open.
他张着嘴盯着我。
【探究总结】
(1)with复合结构分为以下几种情况:
with+名词/代词+ / /
/介词短语/形容词/副词
(2)在with复合结构中,动词-ing形式一般表示主动的、正在进行的动作;动词-ed形式往往表示被动的、完成的动作;而动词不定式则常常表示尚未发生的将来动作。
答案:动词-ing形式;动词-ed形式;动词不定式
【应用实践】
(1)单句语法填空。
①He left the house with the tap (run).
②I can’t go out with all these clothes (wash).
③He sat there with his eyes (close).
(2)用with复合结构完成下列句子。
①我喜欢住在窗户面向大海的房子里。
I like to live in the house .
②他胳膊下夹着一本书走出了图书馆。
He went out of the library .
答案: (1)①running ②to wash ③closed
(2)①with its windows facing the sea
②with a book under his arm
课文概要写作
回顾课文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要(尽可能多地运用本部分所学词汇和句式)。
答案:
In many ways our personality, character, and culture are closely related to what we eat. Chinese cuisine is a case in point. Prior to coming to China, the writer’s only experience with Chinese cooking was in America. Later, he had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China. Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness. He better understands that culture and cuisine go hand in hand.Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking (1)
阅读理解。
A
Scientists learned recently that fish was the main source of protein for people in southern Scandinavia many thousands of years ago. They also ate other animals that live in the water. The findings come from Lund University in Sweden. Scientists there tested ancient human bones from more than 80 individuals.
One of the researchers was Adam Boethius. He said by studying the chemistry of the bones, they learned the diet of the people they belonged to.
“Basically you are what you eat. And so when you study this—stable isotopes—you get an indicator of what the humans have been eating.”
The study examined the importance of a mix of protein sources in the human diet from around 10,500 to 7,500 years ago. They found that in Scandinavia most of what people ate came from the sea.
Boethius said back then, fish made up 50 to 70 percent of the diet. He said other sea animals like seals and dolphins brought that percentage to almost 100 percent.
This research changed the understanding of how ancient people of the area lived. Earlier studies suggested these people hunted big animals and moved around a lot to follow them. But the chemical examinations did not show proteins linked to deer and elk and other land animals of the time.
Boethius said scientists now believe these people stayed in place for most of their lives and ate local food. The discovery, he argued, provides evidence that “settlements appeared in Scandinavia much earlier than researchers once believed”.
1. The word “they” in the second paragraph refers to .
A. bones B. chemicals
C. Animals D. foods
解析：代词指代题。根据第二段语境可知,研究人员通过研究骨骼的化学成分,从而得知骨骼的主人的饮食,所以they代指bones。故选A。
答案：A
2. What can be concluded from the research
A. In Scandinavia most people lived a happy life.
B. Scandinavians’ bones were different from those of others.
C. Ancient Scandinavians ate nearly nothing except sea animals.
D. Scandinavians’ diet was particularly rich in protein.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“... fish made up 50 to 70 percent of the diet. He said other sea animals like seals and dolphins brought that percentage to almost 100 percent.”可知,他们的食物几乎全部来自海洋生物。故选C。
答案：C
3. What did researchers once believe
A. Ancient people didn’t know how to cook.
B. Ancient Scandinavians stayed in one place for a long time.
C. Ancient Scandinavians lived on land animals.
D. Most ancient Scandinavians preferred local food.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Earlier studies suggested these people hunted big animals and moved around a lot to follow them.”可知,早期研究表明这些人捕食大型陆地动物。故选C。
答案：C
4. What is the text mainly talking about
A. A new discovery.
B. A science theory.
C. An important history.
D. An ancient lifestyle.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了一项最新的发现,数千年前斯堪的纳维亚人主要以海洋生物为食。故选A。
答案：A
B
“Old wives’ tales” are beliefs passed down from one generation to another. For example, most of us remember our parents telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time.
Did your mother ever tell you to eat carrots because they are good for your eyes Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration. Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic is good for you, too. It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.
Unfortunately, not all of mum’s advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems Well, yes and no. Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.
Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives’ tales. After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated(积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care. We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.
5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A. Eating garlic is good for our eyes.
B. Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth.
C. Swimming after a meal is dangerous.
D. Carrots prevent people from catching colds.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Sticky sweets ... tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.”可以看出,有黏性的糖果的确对牙齿有害。故选B。
答案：B
6. The author develops the third paragraph mainly .
A. by cause and effect
B. by order in space
C. by order in time
D. by examples
解析：推理判断题。第三段第一句是主题句,接着本段举了“饭后一小时内游泳”和“吃糖”这两个例子来支持主题句。因此,这一段主要是通过举例来论述的。故选D。
答案：D
7. The phrase “hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means “ ”.
A. to be believable
B. to be valuable
C. to be admirable
D. to be suitable
解析：词义猜测题。“don’t hold water”与“there is still a lot of truth”意义相对立,那么“hold water”与“there is still a lot of truth”意义相似。故选A。
答案：A
8. What is the author’s attitude towards “old wives’ tales” in the text
A. Subjective. B. Objective.
C. Dissatisfied. D. Curious.
解析：推理判断题。综合全文,作者既指出了一些传统说法是正确的,又说明了一些传统观念是没有科学依据的。最后一段作者表明了对这些观念的尊重,因此我们可以看出作者的态度是客观的。故选B。
答案：B
C
Many cities and towns have laws that require people to recycle paper and plastics. Now California and Vermont have laws about recycling food waste that apply to businesses and homes. The process of recycling food waste and turning it into usable soil is called composting(堆制肥料).
Food waste that can be composted includes fruit and vegetable peels, tea bags, and egg shells. Garden waste such as leaves can also be composted but meat and fish waste cannot be recycled.
According to environmental groups, composting reduces the amount of trash going into landfills(垃圾填埋场). Composted waste holds many nutrients(营养物) and it can be added to the soil in gardens and fields.
Reducing the amount of waste that goes into landfills is one reason why cities and states are adopting(通过) food-waste recycling laws. Officials in Seattle, Washington, say that food waste makes up 30% of the trash going into landfills, and they are looking to reduce that percentage. That city has a law asking people to recycle food waste. It is banned from all garbage. There is a fine for people who put it into regular garbage.
Renee Crowley, a project manager at the Lower East Side Ecology Centre, points out that in communities where food recycling is not a law, there are places where people can drop off their food waste for composting. Many schools and colleges have also started composting programmes.
Critics of food-recycling laws say that the composting process may be utopian because it is difficult for people who live in apartments to store their waste as they don’t have outside storage bins. One resident of Orange County, Lily, said that she thought an indoor container containing food waste would get smelly.
9. What do we know about composting
A. All the food waste can be composted.
B. Composted waste is of benefit to crops.
C. Composting will make landfills disappear.
D. Composting means recycling paper and plastics.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“Composted waste holds many nutrients and it can be added to the soil in gardens and fields.”可知,堆肥含有丰富的营养物质,有利于庄稼的生长。故选B。
答案：B
10. What are officials in Seattle trying to do
A. Reduce food waste going into landfills.
B. Ban businesses from dropping off food waste.
C. Call on schools to start composting programmes.
D. Make laws to punish people putting trash into garbage.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“Officials in Seattle, Washington, say that food waste makes up 30% of the trash going into landfills, and they are looking to reduce that percentage.”可知,西雅图的官员尽可能地减少进入垃圾填埋场的食物垃圾。故选A。
答案：A
11. What does the underlined word “utopian” mean
A. Slow.
B. Unexpected.
C. Unrealistic.
D. Expensive.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的内容可知,这个堆肥过程不太现实,因为住在公寓的人在室外没有储存这些食物垃圾的容器。故选C。
答案：C
12. What does the text mainly tell us
A. The benefits of composting.
B. How to deal with food waste in our life.
C. There is too much food waste in the world.
D. Laws about recycling food waste.
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要告诉我们有关回收食物垃圾的法律。 故选D。
答案：D
Reading and Thinking (2)
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. Most of these new tools and services have been marketed to the (consume).
2. We recommend that you solve all errors prior to (test) the system.
3. Our greatest happiness consists serving the people.
4. The teacher came in with some students (follow) him.
5. I hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.
6. (exhaust), I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
7. Put more (simple), happiness lies in hard work.
8. As we all know, everyone admires her because she is (elegance) and beautiful.
9. Both restaurant (chef) and housewives are expert in cooking seafood, soups and meat.
10. Promotion in the first year is only given in (exception) situations.
答案：1. consumer 2. testing 3. in 4. following 5. do
6. Exhausted 7. simply 8. elegant 9. chefs 10. exceptional
Ⅱ. 用适当的介/副词填空。
1. An average student can be a top student with additional work. Cathy is a case point.
2. a minimum, the working space should not be dull and depressing.
3. the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.
4. You can slice just a few cookies to bake at a time.
5. Note that you must take some medicine prior this change happening.
6. We would like to go hand hand with you and to create a more splendid future together.
7. This is a technical problem, which I will have to refer our technical department.
8. A year consists twelve months.
答案：1. in 2. At 3. With 4. off 5. to 6. in 7. to 8. of
Ⅲ. 语法填空。
Most people today relate this saying “Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.” 1. healthy eating. 2. , Brillat-Savarin was 3. (actual) referring to our personality, character, and culture. Prior to 4. (come) to China, the writer’s only experience with Chinese cooking was in America and it 5. (change) to suit American tastes. After he had a chance 6. (experience) authentic Chinese food by coming to China, he 7. (realise) that through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and 8. (kind). The kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in 9. (they) region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like. 10. we can say is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand.
答案：1. to 2. However 3. actually 4. coming
5. had been changed 6. to experience 7. realised
8. kindness 9. their 10. What
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 阅读理解。
On average, primary school children in England have at least three sugary snacks a day, Public Health England(PHE) found. This means that the sugar they consume is three times more than the recommended maximum.
Children between the ages of 4 and 10 consume 51.2% of sugar from unhealthy snacks. PHE has launched a campaign, Change4Life, to encourage parents to look for healthier snacks of no more than 100 calories, and to limit them to two a day. The campaign advises parents to give their children a maximum of two snacks a day, with each containing no more than 100 calories. The campaign will also offer parents special suggestions on a range of healthier snacks—ones with 100 calories or fewer—at selected supermarkets, PHE said.
PHE said it had also improved its app so that it could mark the content of sugar, salt and fat in food and drinks. Dr Alison Tedstone told the BBC she hoped the campaign would help parents to choose healthier snacks for their children. “If you wander through a supermarket, you can see much more goods being sold as snacks than ever before,” she said. “It’s a common phenomenon that kids’ lunchboxes are full of snacks, leading to a lot of calories for lunch. Our research shows that parents usually appreciate a rule of thumb(经验法则). However, they are surprised to know how much sugar their children are consuming in snacks now.”
Justine Roberts, founder of Mumsnet, said, “The intake(摄入量) of sugar that kids are getting from snacks and sugary drinks alone is pretty astonishing, and it can often be difficult to distinguish which snacks are healthy and which are not. The rule of thumb from Change4Life can help parents make their decision correctly and wisely.”
1. What can PHE’s improved app help parents do
A. Test the calories of snacks.
B. Choose delicious snacks.
C. Know the exact content in snacks.
D. Save much money to buy snacks.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“PHE said it had also improved its app so that it could mark the content of sugar, salt and fat in food and drinks.”可知,英国公共卫生部表示,他们还改进了自己的应用程序,以便能够标记食物和饮料中糖分、盐分和脂肪的含量。据此可知,PHE改进的应用程序能帮助父母了解零食的成分。故选C。
答案：C
2. Which of the following can be inferred from Justine Roberts’ words
A. Most parents’ former experience about snacks is practical.
B. It is easy to tell healthy snacks and unhealthy snacks apart.
C. Children only take in lots of sugar from snacks and sugary drinks.
D. Change4Life is meaningful for parents’ decisions on snacks.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Justine Roberts所说的话“The rule of thumb from Change4Life can help parents make their decision correctly and wisely.”可知,来自Change4Life的经验法则能帮助父母正确而明智地做出决定,由此可推知,Change4Life对父母在零食上做出决定有意义。故选D。
答案：D
3. What is the best title for the text
A. Solve the Health Problems of Children
B. Change the Eating Habits of Children
C. Limit Children’s Intake of Calories
D. Ensure Children’s Healthy Lifestyle
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了英国公共卫生部发起的名为Change4Life的活动,以限制儿童的糖分摄入量。故选C。
答案：C
Ⅴ. 完形填空。
One rainy night, I was waiting at a crossroads in my car when someone knocked on my window. It was a young boy 1 for something. After I heard his suffering, my heart suddenly dropped. 2 , I was afraid of reaching out.
What if he asked for more What if he was just used by bad people to provoke(唤起) 3 in people I didn’t want to give him money but remembered that little burger my kid didn’t want to eat any more on the back seat. Food would be a better and safer 4 . So I rolled down my window, handed the burger to him and 5 . He did the same through the pouring rain.
Again my heart dropped. “How can he be happy for something so 6 ” I suddenly felt like I was doing something 7 . I should have done more for him. Half guilty(愧疚的), I 8 at least my smile would tell him that I cared about him.
The light turned green, which meant we had to end our 9 . As I looked back to see what he would do, I saw him 10 to another boy in the opposite street. When the boy ran up to him, he 11 the burger in half, and gave one part to him. My heart dropped a third time.
I asked myself, “How could a child so poor 12 the little he had ”Here I was in a comfortable car, worried about him taking 13 of me.
That experience showed me how something 14 lives in those who seem to have nothing. I also saw how easily I 15 the stereotype(刻板印象) of society to prevent my ability to give.
1. A. searching B. waiting
C. asking D. fighting
解析：根据下文作者给小男孩汉堡可知,这个小男孩向作者乞讨一些东西。
答案：C
2. A. Naturally B. Clearly
C. However D. Instead
解析：根据空后的“I was afraid of”可知,作者虽对小男孩的遭遇感到很心痛,但又有所顾忌,前后构成了转折。
答案：C
3. A. pity B. shame
C. courage D. worry
解析：根据空前的“used by bad people”可知,作者担心小男孩被坏人利用,以此来博得人们的同情。
答案：A
4. A. gift B. promise
C. return D. choice
解析：根据上文作者对给小男孩钱的担心可知,他认为食物是更好、更安全的选择。
答案：D
5. A. smiled B. left
C. greeted D. listened
解析：根据下一段“I 8 at least my smile would tell him that I cared about him.”可知,作者对小男孩微笑了。
答案：A
6. A. cheap B. common
C. small D. unfresh
解析：根据上文“remembered that little burger my kid didn’t want to eat any more on the back seat”可知,作者好奇小男孩怎么能对如此小的东西感到那么高兴。
答案：C
7. A. wrong B. dishonest
C. special D. great
解析：根据下文“I should have done more for him.”及“Half guilty”可知,作者突然感觉自己好像做错了事情。
答案：A
8. A. proved B. hoped
C. explained D. agreed
解析：根据空前的“Half guilty”可知,作者有点内疚,所以他希望他的微笑能使小男孩觉得自己是在意他的。
答案：B
9. A. meeting B. conversation
C. introduction D. relationship
解析：根据上文可知,作者只是倾听了小男孩的遭遇,并没有和他交流,所以他们之间只是一次相遇。
答案：A
10. A. point B. talk
C. wave D. reply
解析：根据下文“in the opposite street”及“When the boy ran up to him”可知,小男孩要到汉堡之后向街对面的另一个小男孩挥手,示意他过来。
答案：C
11. A. cut B. pulled
C. broke D. knocked
解析：根据上下文语境可知,小男孩要到的是一个汉堡,而且他没有任何工具来分汉堡,所以他用手把汉堡掰两半分给另一个小男孩。
答案：C
12. A. treasure B. pack
C. save D. share
解析：根据上文小男孩把自己乞讨到的一个汉堡分享给另一个小男孩可知,作者好奇一个如此贫穷的小男孩怎么能做到跟别人分享自己仅有的一点东西。
答案：D
13. A. advantage B. control
C. notice D. hold
解析：根据上文作者一开始很纠结到底要不要伸出援手可知,他担心自己被利用。
答案：A
14. A. strong B. expensive
C. rich D. useful
解析：根据空后的“who seem to have nothing”可知,这次经历让作者感悟到物质上贫乏的人内心也可以很富有,此处的rich和nothing形成了对比。
答案：C
15. A. encouraged B. allowed
C. expected D. forced
解析：根据作者一开始的担心和犹豫以及他最终只给了小男孩一个吃剩下的汉堡可知,他很容易地就允许社会刻板印象阻止他给予的能力。
答案：B
PAGE(共19张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Listening and Speaking
1. 通过听关于在餐馆对话的听力材料,了解不同的美食和文化,并利用图片和文本预测听力内容。
2. 通过对话活动,能够掌握并熟练运用与饮食有关的表达,学会用英语点餐,向外国友人介绍中国饮食文化,提高口语表达能力。
Ⅰ. 在括号里写出黑体部分在句中的含义。
1. If you tend to be a shy person, this may be somewhat( ) difficult for you.
2. We express our respect and warm welcome to Madam
( ) Zhuo Lin.
3. Red braised pork( ) may be one of the most common of all Chinese dishes.
4. You can taste the chilli( ) in the dish but it is a little hot.
5. She was wearing a red sweater and a pearl( ) necklace.
6. He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced diet( ).
7. Please preview( ) the text before you listen, which will help you better understand what you hear.
8. I recommend( ) this book to anyone with an interest in chemistry.
答案: 1. 有点 2. 女士 3. 红烧肉 4. 辣椒
5. 珍珠 6. 均衡饮食 7. 预览 8. 推荐
Ⅱ. 用方框中的句子补全对话。
A. I’m glad you like Chinese food.
B. Thank you for remembering.
C. I usually have wine at dinner.
D. That sounds delicious.
E. Do you like the food I ordered
W: What would you like to drink There is beer, wine and whisky.
M: 1.
W: OK. Let’s order some food. What cold dishes do you like Shall we try the Drunken Chicken It’s the chef’s special for today.
M: Hmm. 2.
W: And, I think Family Style Eggplant is your favourite, right
M: Yes, I love it! 3.
W: And how about some Eight-Treasure Rice Pudding
M: Great!
(A moment later)
W: 4.
M: Yes, I certainly do. It’s all so colourful and smells wonderful. Tastes good too!
W: 5. Please help yourself.
答案:1. C 2. D 3. B 4. E 5. A
Ⅱ. 背景知识阅读。
China covers a large territory and has many ethnic groups. Hence there is a variety of Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouth-watering(令人垂涎的) flavours.
Shandong cuisine
Shandong cuisine was conceived as far back as the Qin Dynasty in 221 mon cooking techniques are “bao” and “pa”, which involve cutting cooked food into a shape, covering it in powder, frying it and sautéing(炒) with sauce.
Shandong cuisine is representative of northern China s cooking and its techniques have been widely absorbed by the imperial dishes of Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Sichuan cuisine
Sichuan cuisine is characterised by pungent(辛辣的), spicy seasonings known as “three peppers” “three aromas” “seven tastes” and “eight flavours”. Sichuan cuisine is characterised by stirring and frying over a hot fire, braising, and so on. People in Sichuan like to use condiments like chilli, garlic, cinnamon, dried orange peel, scallion, etc. to make
their cuisine delicious. The most distinct characteristic of Sichuan cuisine is hot and spicy. You can see that even every Sichuan dish is cooked with chilli peppers. If you find the Sichuan dishes too bland, then you are probably not eating authentic Sichuan cuisine.
Pre-listening: Look and say.
Look at the pictures on page 30 of the textbook and finish Exercises 1 and 2.
While-listening: Listen and write.
1. Listen to the conversation and finish Exercises 3 and 4 on page 31 of the textbook.
2. Listen again and choose the best answers.
①What’s the difference between Hunan food and Sichuan food
A. Hunan food has peppercorns.
B. Hunan food is hotter.
C. Sichuan food is spicier.
②What is the most famous Hunan dish
A. Steamed fish head covered with chillies.
B. Dry pot duck with golden buns.
C. Red braised pork.
③How many dishes did they decide to order
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
答案:①B ②C ③A
Post-listening: Speak and play.
1. (应用实践)Suppose you are Tingting. Please introduce the foods at the Hunan Restaurant to your American friend according to the notes you made during your listening.
2. (迁移创新)Fill in the blanks according to the situation, and role-play with your partner.
(Situation: Li Hua and his friend Mary are ordering some foods in a restaurant.)
L: So, Mary, what do you think of the food
M: ① For $50 per person, we can have Chinese, Japanese, Italian and French foods. It s an incredible deal. I wonder if they can really make money out of this.
L: ② You see, everything is taken into account. They figure a person’s stomach can only handle this much, even when it’s empty.
M: ③ We’ll never get our money’s worth, no matter how hungry we are.
L: Except if you only pick the expensive varieties.
M: For example
L: ④
M: But again one can’t consume that much seafood. Too much of it can make you uncomfortable.
L: ⑤ Oh well, let’s just enjoy the varieties and take them slowly.
答案:①Oh, it’s great.
②Sure they can.
③That’s true.
④For example, seafood, roast beef, mutton chop and so on.
⑤You’re right.
根据图片和文本材料预测听力内容
根据图片和文本材料预测听力内容是听力中常用的方法,因为图片表达的信息很直观,信息含量比文字多。听前预览图片和文本材料(题干和选项),不仅有助于我们更好地理解听力内容,而且还可以对语篇进行预测,推测语篇的主题及相关信息,从而提高做题的准确率。Section Ⅴ Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出正确单词。
1. This new type of fridge (消耗) 70% less electricity than traditional models.
2. Be certain to eat slowly and (咀嚼) your food extremely well.
3. We all wonder how you always look so young and beautiful and (文雅的)!
4. The mild winter has created the (理想的) conditions for an ant population explosion.
5. The kids are always playing (把戏) on their teacher.
6. All these results are (一致) with theoretical predictions.
7. We work in (联合) with a number of partner companies to offer better service.
8. I had no food in my dorm, so I had to go to the (餐厅).
9. Parents told us that we would study from others in a (谦虚的) attitude.
10. The situation has changed (有点;稍微) since we last met.
答案：1. consumes 2. chew 3. elegant 4. ideal
5. tricks 6. consistent 7. association 8. canteen
9. modest 10. somewhat
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空。
quantities of, refer to, make up, rather than, prior to, consist of, cut down on, regardless of, as to, cut out
1. his trip to Japan, he went to New York and some other cities in America first.
2. Some families are small, and a father, a mother and a child.
3. The law requires equal treatment for all, race, religion, or sex.
4. air conditioners have been sold since the summer came.
5. When I’m going out in the evening, I use the bike the car.
6. I have no way yet how to deal with such a complicated situation.
7. He asked me to the newspaper articles and pictures.
8. Please the map on the next page for teaching room locations.
9. I think it’s very unkind of you to stories about him.
10. He wine and cigarettes to keep healthy.
答案：1. Prior to 2. consist of 3. regardless of
4. Quantities of 5. rather than 6. as to
7. cut out 8. refer to 9. make up 10. cut down on
Ⅲ. 句式仿写。
1. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
句式:形容词(短语)作状语
仿写:因为忙于工作,他没有时间跟我们闲聊。
2. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone—from the youngest to the oldest—joining in to help.
句式:with复合结构
仿写:作业没有完成,孩子们不敢回家。
3. On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans.
句式:“do/does/did+动词原形”构成强调句
仿写:我们的谈话确实使我感觉好一些了,也更有信心了。
4. Put more simply, while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer.
句式:whether or not 是否
仿写:这一想法能否付诸实践还有待观察。
5. It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.
句式:It is up to sb to do sth. 做某事取决于某人。
仿写:生活有时令人难过,但你要让自己的生活幸福。
答案：
1. Busy with his work, he’s got no time to chat with us.
2. The children wouldn’t dare to go home with the homework unfinished.
3. Our conversation did make me feel better, and more confident.
4. It remains to be seen whether or not this idea can be put into practice.
5. Life is sad at times, but it is up to you to make your own life happy.
Ⅳ. 完成句子。
1. 在1990年以前我父母在这个城市居住很长时间了。
My parents in this city for a long time before 1990.
2. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。
He told me that since he was a child.
3. 李明去年去了伦敦,那是他第一次出国。
Li Ming went to London last year, which was the first time that .
4. 我们到飞机场的时候,飞机已经起飞了。
The plane when we got to the airport.
5. 我不能去参加晚会,因为我没被邀请。
I couldn’t go to the party because .
答案：1. had lived 2. he had known her
3. he had been abroad 4. had taken off
5. I hadn’t been invited
[提升测评]
Ⅴ. 阅读理解。
A
Chinese cuisine is widely known and enjoyed all around the world. Who doesn’t long for a favourite Chinese dish But there is one interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard in the West, and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East—the ancient custom of tonic food.
Tonic food is food which is consumed to improve one’s well-being or avoid sickness. For instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame-oil hotpot every day for the first month after giving birth. It was believed that this dish would benefit the muscles, reduce pain, improve circulation, stimulate sweating, and warm the body. Some foods, such as goat meat and spinach(菠菜), are seen as “hot”, while others, such as Chinese cabbage and radishes(小萝卜), are seen as “cold”. One should be careful not to eat too much of either “hot” or “cold” food. However, how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat depends on the time of the year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the individual’s health.
The custom of employing tonic food for a healthier life also influences the catering industry. Chinese herbal medicines, such as the wolfberry(枸杞子), can be found on many a restaurant menu, either added to fruit tea or as a beneficial addition to a dish. These herbs attract customers, such as overworked office staff in need of a modest pick-me-up.
So, whether you need to boost your strength with a large helping of chicken soup, or increase your mental powers with some fish soup, you may find that this ancient Chinese custom could be just the tonic you were looking for.
1. What is the present situation of tonic food
A. It is catching less attention.
B. It is enjoyed by many young people.
C. It is well known worldwide.
D. It is becoming increasingly popular.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,目前滋补食物不再受到追捧。故选A。
答案：A
2. What is believed to benefit new mothers
A. Chinese cabbage.
B. Fruit tea.
C. Sesame-oil hotpot.
D. Fish soup.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“For instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame-oil hotpot every day for the first month after giving birth.”可知,人们认为芝麻油焖罐对新妈妈有益。故选C。
答案：C
3. Which of the following best explains “catering” underlined in paragraph 3
A. Medicine.
B. Restaurant.
C. Education.
D. Fashion.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“Chinese herbal medicines, such as the wolfberry, can be found on many a restaurant menu, either added to fruit tea or as a beneficial addition to a dish.”可推知,滋补食物对餐饮业有一定的影响,故catering与restaurant意思相近。故选B。
答案：B
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. The Charm of Chinese Cuisine
B. The Popularity of Tonic Food
C. An Introduction to Chinese Tonic Food
D. Differences Between Hot Food and Cold Food
解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句“Tonic food is food which is consumed to improve one’s well-being or avoid sickness.”和对全文的整体理解可推知,本文主要对中国的滋补食物进行了简要的介绍。故选C。
答案：C
B
We humans are addicted to sugar. That makes sense. All animals need sugar to live. It’s the fuel that powers our cells. So it’s not surprising that we’re born to want the sweet stuff.
Sugar stores the sun’s energy like a battery. After a meal, your body breaks down foods into their building blocks. It uses some sugar for energy right away. The rest get stored for the body to break down later. It’s a myth that sugar makes you extremely excited, but having a sugary snack can give you a quick burst of energy. That’s because the sugar in sweet foods is easy for your body to turn into fuel. When you eat other kinds of foods, like vegetables, it takes longer for your body to break the sugar down.
These days it’s easy to find sweet snacks. Sodas, candies, cakes and even foods that seem healthy, such as yogurt, can be packed with sugar. Food makers add sugar, because they know that to humans, sweet makes everything taste better. Americans eat about 20 teaspoons of extra sugar every day. That’s way more than what is good for us.
Eating too much sugar can cause more than a stomachache. It can make people overweight, decay the teeth and even cause diabetes. However, experts aren’t worried about naturally sweet foods—the problem is added sugar. So go ahead and enjoy sweet apples or even sugar-rich carrots that are also full of vitamins and other good stuff.
Even cake is great once in a while, as long as you don’t overdo it. After all, no one wants life to be dull. And your body needs its fuel!
5. The first two paragraphs are mainly developed by .
A. cause and effect
B. problem and solution
C. giving examples
D. making comparisons
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段尾句“So it’s not surprising that we’re born to want the sweet stuff.”和第二段倒数第二句“That’s because the sugar in sweet foods is easy for your body to turn into fuel.”,并结合第一、二段的内容可知,第一段解释了人天生需要糖的原因;第二段解释了甜食能快速补充能量的原因。据此可推知,第一、二段是通过解释因果的方法组织内容的。故选A。
答案：A
6. People may be tricked into eating too much sugar because .
A. no one wants life to be boring
B. We’re born to want the sweet stuff
C. so-called healthy food can be packed with sugar
D. sugar is the fuel for the plants and animals on Earth
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“These days it’s easy to find sweet snacks. Sodas, candies, cakes and even foods that seem healthy, such as yogurt, can be packed with sugar.”可知,甜食随处可见,即使是看起来健康的食品也会含有大量糖分,故人们会误食很多含糖食品。故选C。
答案：C
7. What does the author want to stress in paragraph 4
A. We’d better say no to sweet foods.
B. Experts are worried about added sugar.
C. Eating too much sugar is bad for our health.
D. We’d better consume sugar from natural sources.
解析：推理判断题。通读第四段可知,该段第一、二句介绍了食用过量的糖分的害处;第三句说明专家对添加糖分的食品的担忧;第四句紧接着提出建议:吃富含糖分也富含维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。据此可推知,该段旨在强调,我们最好食用天然食物来摄入糖分。故选D。
答案：D
8. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Sugar Is Everywhere
B. Sugar Brings Happiness
C. Why Do We Love Sugar
D. Why Does Sugar Make Us Fat
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知,糖能给人体提供必需的能量,且易分解,人天生需要糖分;虽然甜食尝起来可口,但是食用过量的糖有害人体健康,我们最好食用不但富含糖分还含有维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。故选C。
答案：C
C
(2021年·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 9 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing(水管) worked. 10 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said,“Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 11 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
12 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency(效率). You can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crowded. 13 When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously-so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
9. 解析：根据空前一句“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.”可知,作者和丈夫在巴黎待了一个星期。F项“我们的目的是看看我们是否能在某种程度上像真正的巴黎人那样生活”是作者待在巴黎的目的,符合语境。
答案：F
10. 解析：根据第二段内容及空前一句“Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing worked.”可知,本段主要介绍作者居住的公寓的情况。C项“这里有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床”也是介绍作者所居住的公寓的情况,符合语境。
答案：C
11. 解析：根据空前一句“As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.”及空后两句可知,空处和美味的食物及巴黎人吃不胖有关。G项“食物是如此美味,以至于你不需要吃太多就会使你快乐”符合语境。
答案：G
12. 解析：根据本段内容及最后一句“But they cost $18!”可知,法国的食物很贵。由此推断,法国人吃得少也因为食物很贵。E项“那不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因”承上启下,符合语境。
答案：E
13. 解析：根据本段前三句及空后一句“When do these people work ”可知,相较于工作效率,法国人更注重生活质量。所以法国的咖啡馆总是很拥挤,是因为咖啡馆里不止有游客还有很多当地人。A项符合语境。
答案：A
Ⅵ. 完形填空。
Whoosh! A snowball flew past my head. I moved my body downwards to avoid a snowball and 1 one myself to throw back as quickly as I could. I stood up. Wham! Another snowball hit my head, which 2 me to slide(滑动) into the snowdrift(雪堆).
It was a midwinter’s day. My mum 3 my two brothers and me to be outside so she could get the 4 done. My brothers were seven and five years older than me and much bigger as well. 5 , it was I who decided to start the snowball fight. I hit one of them when they weren’t 6 and soon we were all making and throwing snowballs as fast as we could. Being little helped me 7 the first few snowballs that came my way until the one that caught me in the 8 and made me slide into the two-foot-deep snowdrift. My eldest brother 9 me up. I felt so excited and dusted(弹掉) the snow off. After she finished the housework, mum 10 us back inside for a lunch of hot chicken soup. I drank it and then sat near the fire waiting for my wet socks and jeans to dry. It felt so 11 . Although I couldn’t describe the feeling back then, I know now that it was 12 .
In childhood, each day could be filled with fun. Each moment could be 13 . I think that we all need to re-experience that 14 in our lives. We need to throw a few snowballs and drink a few bowls of soup afterwards. Life is too short to enjoy good 15 .
1. A. chose B. made
C. found D. invented
解析：根据下文“to throw back as quickly as I could”可知,作者自己做了一个雪球掷过去。
答案：B
2. A. got B. allowed
C. warned D. troubled
解析：另一个雪球砸到了作者的脑袋,所以他滑倒在雪堆里。
答案：A
3. A. encouraged B. needed
C. trained D. ordered
解析：由下文“so she could get the 4 done”,以及作者和哥哥们在外面打雪仗可知,妈妈命令他们去外面玩耍。
答案：D
4. A. shopping B. housework
C. research D. report
解析：根据下文“After she finished the housework”可知,妈妈要做家务。
答案：B
5. A. Suddenly B. Finally
C. Instead D. However
解析：前后文存在转折关系,作者的哥哥们分别比他大五岁和七岁,也比他高得多。尽管如此,是作者决定开始打雪仗的。
答案：D
6. A. resting B. practising
C. looking D. learning
解析：根据上文“it was I who decided to start the snowball fight”可知,作者趁着哥哥们还没注意时掷了一个雪球。
答案：C
7. A. notice B. avoid
C. save D. catch
解析：从下文“the one that caught me in the 8 and made me slide into the two-foot-deep snowdrift”可知,因为比较小,作者躲过了迎面飞来的前几个雪球。
答案：B
8. A. face B. arm
C. head D. back
解析：根据第一段的“Another snowball hit my head”可知,一个雪球砸到作者头上。
答案：C
9. A. threw B. lifted
C. pushed D. picked
解析：作者滑倒在雪堆里,所以哥哥把他拉起来。
答案：B
10. A. pulled B. called
C. rang D. turned
解析：从上文的“My mum 3 my two brothers and me to be outside”及下文的“inside for a lunch of hot chicken soup”可知,妈妈叫作者和两个哥哥回去。
答案：B
11. A. strange B. special
C. real D. nice
解析：根据上文“I drank it and then sat near the fire waiting for my wet socks and jeans to dry.”,以及下文“each day could be filled with fun”可知,这种感觉非常美妙。
答案：D
12. A. happiness B. kindness
C. love D. peace
解析：从上文作者玩得很开心及下文作者的感悟可知,作者现在知道那是一种幸福。
答案：A
13. A. expected B. changed
C. enjoyed D. recorded
解析：根据上文“In childhood, each day could be filled with fun.”可知,孩童时,每个时刻都能被享受。
答案：C
14. A. feeling B. chance
C. situation D. truth
解析：从下文“We need to throw a few snowballs and drink a few bowls of soup afterwards.”可知,作者还想再体验一次那种幸福的感觉。
答案：A
15. A. meals B. services
C. relations D. moments
解析：根据语境可知,作者说生命太短暂了,来不及享受珍贵的时刻。
答案：D
PAGE(共22张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing
写一篇关于饮食方面的文章
1. 通过阅读范文,总结关于饮食方面的文章的框架和常用的词汇及句式。
2. 根据具体情境,运用所掌握的关于饮食方面的词汇、句式和语篇知识写一篇关于饮食方面的文章。
下面是一篇Li Hua关于自己在饮食方面的文章,仔细阅读,试着总结一下此类文章的结构并欣赏其语言特点。
Healthy eating habits are very important for our health. We should build healthy eating habits. Under the care of my mother, my eating habit is very regular.
I often eat porridge in the morning. Sometimes my mother will prepare some pickles for me. But sometimes I will put an egg into the porridge to have the egg porridge. At noon, I will eat in the school canteen. Sometimes I will have noodles. At night, my mother will prepare a big meal for me. After dinner, I will eat a little fruit.
I hope you will pay more attention to your daily life and have a reasonable diet to be healthy.
答案: 重要性;一日三餐;希望
回顾本单元及以前学过的关于饮食方面的文章,总结一下常用的表达。
1. 词汇
主食:
肉食:
蔬菜:
水果:
答案:
主食:dumpling, noodle, pancake, porridge, hamburger, sandwich, toast, cuisine
肉食:lamb, lamb kebab, bacon, ham, sausage, beef, chicken, mutton, steak
蔬菜:vegetable, potato, tomato, cabbage, carrot, eggplant, garlic, mushroom, onion
水果:fruit, peach, pear, grape, lemon, pineapple, strawberry, watermelon, cherry
2. 句型
健康的饮食:
(1):
(2):
(3):
不健康的饮食:
(1):
(2):
建议和劝告:
(1):
(2):
(3):
答案:健康的饮食:
(1)In my opinion, we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body.
(2)A healthy diet consists of eating a variety of foods rich in vitamins, fibre and mineral, and low in fat and calories.
(3)People are beginning to attach much more importance to their health these days than ever before.
不健康的饮食:
(1)The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre, which does great harm to their health.
(2)We must admit the fact that eating junk food is harmful to our health.
建议和劝告:
(1)The doctor advised that we should have a balanced diet and get into the good habit of getting up early.
(2)My advice is that you should cut down on sugar and fat.
(3)I would strongly advise you to combine the balanced diet and exercise.
假如你叫李华,是一名中学生。在听了关于健康饮食的讲座后,你想用英语给21世纪报社写一封信,谈谈你对当今学生饮食的看法:
1. 越来越多的学生喜欢吃西式快餐,结果摄入大量的糖和脂肪;
2. 大家对中餐和西式快餐哪种更健康有不同看法;
3. 你认为中餐更健康,说出你的理由。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Editor,
Now, more and more students are getting fond of Western fast food,
I think it is the healthiest food in the world.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
答案:
Dear Editor,
Now, more and more students are getting fond of Western fast food, and thus they take in too much sugar and fat. I don’t think it’s good for their health.
There are all kinds of foods in the world. Which one is healthier, Chinese food or Western fast food Different people have different opinions.
In my opinion, Chinese food is healthier. Firstly, Chinese food contains a lot of fruits and green vegetables. It is rich in fibre and low in sugar and fat. Secondly, Chinese food is very delicious and has many dishes, which provide us with all kinds of nutrition. I think it is the healthiest food in the world.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
写完之后,同伴之间或者小组成员之间互换批改,找出习作中的不足或错误,然后再结合别人的反馈进行修改完善。批改的时候可以参考下表。
项目 角度 具体评价(结合习作写出具体内容)
文章结构 是否结构清晰,思路流畅
主题词汇 是否充分有效运用了【素材积累】中的主题词汇(在右栏写出所用到的词汇)
主题句型 是否充分有效运用了【素材积累】中的主题句型(在右栏写出所用到的句型)
知识错误 单词拼写、语法错误等
其他不足
整体评价 ☆☆☆☆☆
假设你叫李华,请为新开业的健康餐馆写个英文广告,要点如下:
1. 健康餐馆提供健康平衡的饮食;
2. 餐馆提供既含能量又含纤维的饭菜;
3. 有快餐和特别的蔬菜;
4. 有各式的中国传统面食(wheaten foods);
5. 在这里就餐是一种乐趣,中午顾客多,气氛(atmosphere)活跃;
6. 保证提供最好的服务。
答案:
Don’t you want to become slim Don’t you want to lose weight Don’t you want to eat healthily Come to Health Restaurant now!
Health Restaurant serves a balanced diet with foods rich in energy as well as fibre. We provide fast food and special vegetables. We also offer varieties of traditional Chinese wheaten foods. It’s fun eating here. At lunchtime,
there are many customers. You will enjoy the exciting atmosphere. We promise you the best service.
Why not pay us a visit You are welcome here!Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. He apologised to the people who (affect) by the things he had done.
2. —Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house
—Not really. She (give) us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.
3. To my delight, I (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.
4. She (learn) 2,000 English words by the end of last month.
5. I (mean) to help you, but I was too busy at that moment.
6. She didn’t go to bed until she (finish) her work.
7. He’s already gone home, but before he left, he (correct) all the mistakes in his paper.
8. She (leave) her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband (come) home.
9. How many buildings (destroy) when the hurricane ended
10. Li Ming went to London last year, which was the first time that he (travel) abroad.
答案：1. had been affected 2. had given
3. was chosen 4. had learnt 5. had meant
6. had finished 7. had corrected 8. had left; came
9. had been destroyed 10. had travelled
Ⅱ. 完成句子。
1. 截止到去年年底,我已经读了三部小说。
By the end of last year, I .
2. 我花光了所有的钱之后,就回家了。
After I all my money, I went home.
3. 他执政已有几年了。
It had been several years since he .
4. 我本来想见他的,但我改变了主意。
I him, but I changed my mind.
5. 他刚到就又走了。
He when he went away again.
6. 我发现我的公寓被盗了。
I found that my flat .
答案：1. had read three novels 2. had spent
3. came into power 4. had wanted to see
5. had hardly arrived 6. had been stolen
Ⅲ. 句型转换。
1. My father asked me if I had finished reading that book. (改为被动语态)
→My father asked me if that book reading.
2. I received the good news that the thief had been taken away. (改为同义句)
→I received the good news that the policeman the thief.
3. In order to prevent the fire spreading, some of the houses nearby had been pulled down by the villagers. (改为主动语态)
→In order to prevent the fire spreading, the villagers some of the houses nearby.
4. The river smelt terrible. People had thrown dirty things into it. (改为同义句)
→The river smelt terrible. Dirty things it.
5. We had discussed the new plan before the meeting. (改为被动语态)
→The new plan before the meeting.
答案：1. had been finished 2. had taken away
3. had pulled down 4. had been thrown into
5. had been discussed
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 语法填空。
The hardships involved in building the Great Wall are beyond imagination. Large numbers of people had to leave their homes and families to go to the north, 1. they worked hard for years. Of the legends about the Great Wall, the story of Lady Meng Jiang is the most 2. (move). Lady Meng Jiang lived during the reign of the First Emperor of Qin. After her husband 3. (call) up to build the Great Wall, she missed him so much 4. she travelled many miles to see him only 5. (tell) that her husband had been dead and buried under the Wall. She was 6. (extreme) sad and cried for three days and nights until the Great Wall fell down one section after another.
Over the past centuries, the Great Wall 7. (become) a symbol of unity and 8. (strong) for Chinese people. It symbolises that the great achievement can be made with 9. common will and joint effort. For example, the national anthem, composed during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, called on people to “build our new Great Wall 10. our flesh and blood”.
1. 解析：句意:很多人不得不背井离乡去北方,在那里他们辛苦劳作了多年。分析该句结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the north,在从句中作地点状语,故用where来引导该从句。
答案：where
2. 解析：句意:在关于长城的传说中,孟姜女的故事最令人感动。该句主语为表示物的the story,故用形容词moving“令人感动的”。
答案：moving
3. 解析：该句陈述的是过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时;该句主语为her husband,和动词call之间为动宾关系,故用被动语态。根据该句中的After和missed可知,孟姜女的丈夫被传唤去筑长城后,她非常想念她的丈夫;据此可知,空处也可以用过去完成时。故应填was called/had been called。
答案：was called/had been called
4. 解析：该处是说,她如此思念她的丈夫,以至于走了很多路去看望他。so ... that ...为固定结构,意为“如此……以至于……”。
答案：that
5. 解析：根据语境可知,该处表示未曾想到的结果,故用动词不定式作结果状语;该句主语为she,和动词tell之间为动宾关系,表示“被告知”,故用动词不定式的被动式。
答案：to be told
6. 解析：句意:她非常悲伤,哭了三天三夜,直到长城一段段倒塌了。修饰形容词用副词,故用extreme的副词形式修饰形容词sad。
答案：extremely
7. 解析：句意:历经数个世纪,长城已经成为中国人团结和力量的象征。根据该句中的“Over the past centuries”可知,该处应用现在完成时;该句主语为the Great Wall,为单数形式,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填has become。
答案：has become
8. 解析：根据语境以及该句中的unity可知,空处和名词unity对应,作介词of的宾语,故用其名词形式。
答案：strength
9. 解析：根据语境可知,该处泛指“一个共同的意愿”,will作“意愿”讲时为可数名词,且common的发音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。
答案：a
10. 解析：句意:例如,在抗日战争期间谱写的国歌,号召人民“用我们的血肉筑成我们新的长城”。空处表示“用”,故用介词with。
答案：with
Ⅴ. 完形填空。
Ahmad was lying on his back under two coconut(椰子) trees. He was 1 . “Boom!”A coconut fell onto his 2 , waking him up. As he felt pain on his head, he heard his mother calling out to him to pick up something for dinner.
3 , he had a good idea. He brought the coconut home with a plan to cut it open for all its flesh(果肉). Ahmad was cooking when he heard a stranger 4 outside. Ahmad went to check and saw an old gentleman, who greeted him and 5 he was passing by when it rained and that the only shelter(避雨处)in 6 was this house. After serving tea to the guest, Ahmad remembered his food was boiling and quickly rushed back.
Ahmad’s mum explained her son was preparing dinner and 7 cooking ever since young. The old guy was interested and asked to 8 what he was cooking. When they went to the kitchen, the old man was 9 by what Ahmad was doing. After a while, the dinner was ready, so Ahmad’s mum invited the man to enjoy it with them.
After 10 , the old man said it was the most delicious food he’d eaten. He told them his name and 11 . He was one of the most famous cooks in Hong Kong and his purpose of visiting here was to find a person to help him win the 12 called Iron Cook. The old man said Ahmad was gifted and could cook 13 dishes.
Little did Ahmad know that would be the turning point in his 14 . The dishes helped the old man win the competition. Ahmad is now an important 15 in the old man’s restaurant in Hong Kong.
1. A. sleeping B. thinking
C. reading D. smiling
解析：由下文“waking him up”可知,Ahmad当时正躺在椰子树下睡觉。
答案：A
2. A. face B. head
C. arm D. leg
解析：由下文“As he felt pain on his head”可知,椰子掉在他的头上。
答案：B
3. A. Actually B. Naturally
C. Clearly D. Suddenly
解析：由上文“his mother calling out to him to pick up something for dinner”及下文“He brought the coconut home with a plan to cut it open for all its flesh.”可知,他突然有个想法。
答案：D
4. A. singing B. playing
C. speaking D. laughing
解析：根据下文可知,Ahmad正在做饭,此时他听到有陌生人在说话。
答案：C
5. A. added B. proved
C. reported D. explained
解析：根据下文“he was passing by when it rained and that the only shelter in 6 was this house”可知,老人解释他路过这里时,因为天下起了雨,所以来Ahmad家避雨。
答案：D
6. A. need B. view
C. peace D. reality
解析：老人说他看见的唯一的避雨之处就是Ahmad家的房子,所以他到Ahmad家避雨。
答案：B
7. A. liked B. suggested
C. risked D. forgot
解析：根据上文Ahmad想到用椰子的果肉做饭及下文老人认为Ahmad有天赋可知,Ahmad的妈妈说他喜欢做饭。
答案：A
8. A. record B. discuss
C. decide D. see
解析：由上文“Ahmad’s mum explained her son was preparing dinner and 7 cooking ever since young. The old guy was interested ...”及下文“they went to the kitchen”可知,老人要求去厨房看看Ahmad在做什么菜。
答案：D
9. A. frightened B. comforted
C. attracted D. moved
解析：根据下文“After 10 , the old man said it was the most delicious food he’d eaten.”可知,进入厨房之后,老人被Ahmad正在做的菜所吸引。
答案：C
10. A. acting B. talking
C. Relaxing D. eating
解析：由下文“the old man said it was the most delicious food he’d eaten”可知,吃过饭后,老人对饭菜赞不绝口。
答案：D
11. A. job B. experience
C. impression D. worry
解析：由下文“He was one of the most famous cooks in Hong Kong”可知,此时老人告诉了他们他的名字与工作。
答案：A
12. A. race B. competition
C. support D. position
解析：由下文“The dishes helped the old man win the competition.”可知,找人帮忙是为了赢得一场厨艺比赛。
答案：B
13. A. useful B. excellent
C. common D. necessary
解析：由上文“the old man said it was the most delicious food he’d eaten”可知,老人相信Ahmad能做出极好的菜肴。
答案：B
14. A. heart B. mind
C. plan D. life
解析：由下文“Ahmad is now an important 15 in the old man’s restaurant in Hong Kong.”可知,帮老人参加比赛是Ahmad人生的转折点。
答案：D
15. A. cook B. waiter
C. manager D. partner
解析：结合上文可知,老人看好Ahmad做菜的天赋,而且他也为老人赢得了比赛,所以在老人的餐馆担任大厨。
答案：A
PAGE(共29张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
1. 在语境中观察感知过去完成时和过去完成时的被动语态的构成。
2. 通过自主探究,总结过去完成时和过去完成时的被动语态的用法,体会英语语言的特点。
3. 通过多种形式和多层次的练习,能够熟练运用过去完成时和过去完成时的被动语态的句子进行口头和书面的表达。
Ⅰ. 过去完成时
一、过去完成时的概念和结构
【观察思考】
They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.
在到达旅馆之前,他们已经吃过早饭了。
I didn’t know a thing about these verbs, for I had not studied my lesson well.
我对这些动词一无所知,因为我没有好好学习功课。
Had she finished writing the composition by 10:00 this morning
今天上午10点之前,她已经写完作文了吗
How long had you been at the bus stop when a bus finally came
当公共汽车终于来的时候,你在车站已等了多长时间
【探究总结】
1. 概念:表示 以前已经发生或完成了的动作,对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或结果,用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件。
2. (1)肯定句结构:主语+ +其他.
(2)否定句结构:主语+ +其他.
(3)一般疑问句结构: +主语+过去分词+其他
(4)特殊疑问句结构: +had+主语+过去分词+其他
答案:
1. 过去某一时间或动作
2. (1)had+过去分词 (2)had+not+过去分词
(3)Had (4)疑问词
现在完成时的动作须在现在之前完成,过去完成时的动作须在过去某一时间之前完成,也就是说动作发生在“过去的过去”。
二、过去完成时的用法
【观察思考】
By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.
到昨晚9点钟,我们已经收到从宇宙飞船发来的200张图片。
I heard that he had made an important discovery.
我听说他有一个重要的发现。
After he had finished his homework, he watched TV.
完成作业后他才看电视的。
He had intended that he would come to see you himself, but he was too busy.
他本来打算亲自来看你,但他太忙了。
It was the third time she had been out with him.
这是她第三次和他外出。
I had no sooner/hardly reached home than/when it began to rain.
我刚到家就开始下雨了。
【探究总结】
(1)过去完成时表示过去的过去。
(2)过去完成时可以用于 从句中(特别是在间接引语中)。
(3)过去完成时可以用于 从句中。
(4)过去完成时可以用于hope、 intend、 mean、 think等动词,表示 。
(5)过去完成时可用于某些固定句型。
答案: (2)宾语 (3)状语 (4)未曾实现的愿望
【应用实践】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
①I was very sad at his death. We (be) good friends since our childhood.
②She said that she (see) the film before.
③I (intend) that I would meet you at the airport, but I got up late.
④Before we (finish) our meals, he ordered us back to work.
⑤It was the first time that I (chat) online in English.
答案:①had been ②had seen ③had intended
④had finished ⑤had chatted
三、过去完成时与其他时态的区别
(一)过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
【观察思考】
They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.
昨天10点之前他们已到达车站。
They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.
昨天10点他们到达了车站。
She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won first prize in the composition competition.
她很高兴。她的所有家人对她也很满意。在作文比赛中她刚拿了一等奖。
He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.
他走进房间,打开灯,读起晚报来。
【探究总结】
(1)时间状语不同:过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”;而一般过去时只强调 。
(2)在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时,谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断:先发生的用 时,后发生的则用 时。
(3)当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 或but连接时,按时间顺序,只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时。
答案: (1)过去某一特定时间
(2)过去完成;一般过去 (3)and
【应用实践】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
①I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I
(cause) her. But she refused.
②Years ago, when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries, I (live) in the heart of a city.
③His words touched the girls and soon they (join) him.
答案: ①had caused ②lived ③joined
(二)过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
【观察思考】
She had been ill for a week before she came back.
在回来之前,她已经生病一周了。
She has been ill for a week.
她已经生病一周了。
【探究总结】
现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或同现在有关的动作,句中不可有表示 的状语;而过去完成时表示的是过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的动作,句中可有表示
的状语。
答案:过去特定时间;过去特定时间
【应用实践】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
①By the time I got up, my sister (wash) all the clothes.
②In recent years the Saturday before Christmas
(see) the biggest shopping crowds.
③She said that she (learn) English for years since she (come) to our school.
答案:①had washed ②has seen
③had learned; came
Ⅱ. 过去完成时的被动语态
一、过去完成时的被动语态的构成
【观察思考】
All the film tickets had been sold out when I got to the cinema.
当我到电影院的时候,所有的电影票都卖完了。
He said the wallet hadn’t been wrapped up in newspaper yet.
他说钱包还没被报纸包起来。
Had the teaching building been completed yet before he came here
他来这里之前教学楼已经完工了吗
By the end of the tornado, how many people had been killed
龙卷风结束时,有多少人丧生
【探究总结】
(1)肯定句结构:主语+ +其他.
(2)否定句结构:主语+ +其他.
(3)一般疑问句结构: +主语+been+过去分词+其他
(4)特殊疑问句结构: +had+主语+been+过去分词+其他
答案: (1)had+been+过去分词
(2)had+not+been+过去分词 (3)Had
(4)疑问词
二、过去完成时的被动语态的用法
【观察思考】
By the time he got to the school, the first period had been finished.
他到学校时,第一节课已经结束了。
The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came.
老师来之前教室还没有打扫过。
They said the production costs had been reduced.
他们说生产成本已经降低了。
As the assignment had been done, he went on to search the Internet.
作业完成后,他继续上网。
【探究总结】
(1)过去完成时的被动语态用于表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作,且主语和谓语动词之间为 关系,常与by、 before等引导的时间状语连用。
(2)在 told、 said、 knew、 heard、 thought等及物动词之后的宾语从句中,从句谓语动词先于主句谓语动词发生,且表示过去某一 动作时,从句用过去完成时的被动语态。
(3)根据句意可以判断出动作先发生且主语和谓语动词之间为
关系,用过去完成时的被动语态。
答案:(1)动宾 (2)被动 (3)动宾
【应用实践】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
①He did what he (tell) to.
②100 tractors (produce) by the end of last year.
答案:①had been told ②had been produced
