Section Ⅴ Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词
1. All units and (个人) shall have a sense of duty to protect the environment.
2. Laziness was the (最重要的) reason for his failure in his career.
3. He often buys some local products in the (附近的) village.
4. The (军事的) force is a sign of the power of a country.
5. (合法的) private firms are encouraged in China.
6. There is (证据) to show that exercise can help prevent the brain from aging.
7. The teacher (宣布) that we would visit Qufu this weekend.
8. His new (方法) to teaching grammar is suitable for English beginners.
9. Her parents always (确保) that she is well provided for in the foreign country.
10. It was (慷慨的) of the villagers to accommodate us and provide us with delicious food.
答案：1. individuals 2. chief 3. nearby 4. military 5. Legal
6. evidence 7. announced 8. approach 9. ensure 10. generous
Ⅱ. 用所给短语的正确形式填空
1. With more water (add … to …) the liquid, more changes occurred.
2. The fashion of stars usually (have an influence on) young people.
3. Hong Kong and Macao (join … to …) Zhuhai by the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.
4. Usually, an egg, as well as a slice of bread and a glass of milk
(make up) her breakfast.
5. My father always tells me never to touch things
(belong to) others without permission.
6. You may find the top of the mountain (surround … with …) white clouds.
7. You must (keep your eyes open) if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom worthwhile!
8. He (break away from) our company last year. Since then I have seen him no more.
9. He (take over) his father’s factory after he graduated.
10. He (refer to … as …) the protector of the kids in the community in the past.
答案：1. added to 2. has an influence on 3. are joined to
4. makes up 5. belonging to 6. surrounded with
7. keep your eyes open 8. broke away from 9. took over
10. was referred to as
Ⅲ. 语法专练
1. I found a lot of (move) students, who were deeply touched by the moving story.
2. The (surprise) expression on his face suggested that he knew nothing about the matter.
3. The suggestion (make) by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.
4. He didn’t turn up at the meeting (hold) in our school yesterday.
5. We carried some (boil) water for our outing.
6. It is hard to understand the English (speak) by the local villagers.
7. He had his hat (blow) away on his way back home.
8. With many flowers (plant) around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.
9. People find the underground water (pollute).
10. You should speak louder to make yourself (hear) by others.
答案：1. moved 2. surprised 3. made 4. held 5. boiled
6. spoken 7. blown 8. planted 9. polluted 10. heard
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
The state of Hawaii derives(获得) its name from the name of its largest island, Hawaii. A common Hawaiian explanation of the name of Hawaii is that it was named after Hawiioa, a legendary figure from Hawaiian myth. He is said to have discovered the islands when first settled.
There are some special traditions in Hawaii. People are very friendly and always welcome visitors. They give visitors a long necklace of beautiful fresh flowers. Men wear bright flowered shirts, and women often wear long flowered dresses. There are traditional Chinese, Japanese and Filipino holidays and all the holidays from the United States. They call Hawaii the Aloha State. Aloha means both hello and goodbye. It also means “I love you”.
Usually when people from different countries, races, and traditions live together, there are serious problems. There are a few problems in Hawaii, but in general, people have learned to live together in peace.
Hawaiians earn most of their money from travellers, most of whom come from the US mainland and from Japan. There are many people living in Hawaii now so there are residential areas where there used to be farms. Some of the big sugar and pineapple companies have moved to the Philippines, where they do not have to pay workers so much money. The families of the first people who came from the US mainland own the important banks and companies. Japanese are also buying or starting businesses here.
1. What can be the best title of the text
A. Hawaii, the Aloha State
B. Living in Peace Together
C. The Flowers of Hawaii
D. The Problems of Hawaii
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容和第一段可以总结文章从多个方面介绍了夏威夷,其他几个选项都是单方面的细节内容。故选A。
答案：A
2. What does the author want to show in paragraph 3
A. Hawaii is a most peaceful place.
B. It is possible to learn to live together in peace.
C. It is not possible to live together in peace.
D. Hawaii is the only place where there is peace.
解析：推理判断题。第三段提到多个民族生活在一起时通常会出现严重的问题。而在夏威夷问题非常少,而且大家都已学会和平相处。从而推知作者想告知读者夏威夷是一个非常和平的地方。故选A。
答案：A
3. Which of the following plays an important part in the development of Hawaii
A. Modern industry. B. Agriculture.
C. The airline. D. Business in tourism.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“Hawaiians earn most of their money from travellers, most of whom come from the US mainland and from Japan.”可知,夏威夷主要依靠旅游业发展。故选D。
答案：D
B
Europe is home to a variety of cultural treasures. Lonely Planet, the world’s largest travel guide publisher, has offered pairs of cities for culture hungry but time poor travellers.
London and Paris
It takes you about two hours to travel from London to Paris by Eurostar, a high-speed railway service. The two capital cities have been competing in fashion, art and nightlife for decades—but each secretly looks up to the other.
No one can doubt the grand and impressive beauty of Paris’ Louvre Museum, but if you want to save money, you cannot skip the British Museum free to pared with London, Paris has more outdoor attractions such as the beautiful green walkway La Promenade Plantee.
In Paris, you’ll see diners linger over red wine. While in London, you can try some afternoon tea, eat fish and chips or salted cake.
Vienna and Bratislava
Vienna, capital of Austria, and Bratislava, a city of Slovakia, are an hour apart by train. But since they are linked by the Danube River, the best way to travel is by ship. A tour of the two cities is the perfect way to experience everything from 17th century’s Habsburg dynasty splendour to sci-fi restaurants.
Vienna is famous for Mozart and imperial palaces. You can appreciate the perfect blending of architecture and nature in the grand Schonbrunn Palace, and reward yourself with a cup of Vienna coffee, which has made its way to the world’s cultural heritage list.
Bratislava is best known for its fine dining—the remarkable UFO restaurant. You can enjoy a meat-laden dinner here in an amazing setting.
4. What’s the relationship between London and Paris according to the text
A. They help each other.
B. They attack each other.
C. They admire each other.
D. They don’t like each other.
解析：细节理解题。 根据第二段中的“but each secretly looks up to the other”可知,这两个城市相互钦佩,故选 C。
答案：C
5. What are the advantages of Paris mentioned in the text
a. The Louvre Museum
b. Free access to museums
c. More outdoor attractions
d. Better wines and perfumes
A. ac B. cd C. acd D. bcd
解析：细节理解题。 根据第三段中的“No one can doubt the grand and impressive beauty of Paris’ Louvre Museum”可知 a 被提及了; 根据本段中的“Paris has more outdoor attractions”可知 c 被提及了。而文中关于巴黎的优点并没有提到b 和d中的香水,故选A。
答案：A
6. Which of the cities should you choose if you are interested in sci-fi restaurants
A. London. B. Paris. C. Glasgow. D. Bratislava.
解析：细节理解题。 根据倒数第三段中的“A tour of the two cities is the perfect way to experience everything from … to sci-fi restaurants.”和最后一段中的“Bratislava is best known for its fine dining—the remarkable UFO restaurant.”可知,D 项正确。
答案：D
7. Why does Lonely Planet recommend these two pairs of cities
A. They are not expensive to visit.
B. They are best known to the world.
C. They are always enemies between each other.
D. They are close but different in many aspects.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Lonely Planet,the world’s largest travel guide publisher,has offered pairs of cities for culture hungry but time poor travellers.”并结合下文的内容可知,每组中的两个城市相距不远,可以节约时间,而且它们有着不同的丰富的文化,因此才推荐给旅游者。故选D。
答案：D
C
Dear Boris,
8._______ After I had spent a week with my English family, I slowly began to understand their English a little better. 9._______ Students in my group are from different cities of Britain and their dialects are different too! Some of their accents are quite strong and they also have their own words and expressions.
10._______ Before I came to England, I had thought that fish and chips were eaten every day. That’s quite wrong! I get rather annoyed now when I hear all the foolish words about typical English food.
I had expected to see “London fog”. Do you remember our texts about it We had no idea that most of this “thick fog” disappeared many years ago when people stopped using coal in their homes. But the idea to speak about weather was very helpful. 11._______ On the other hand, habits are different. People tell me what is typically British here in London is not always typical in Wales or Scotland. 12._______
But what is ordinary for all the British is that they follow traditions. Probably Britain has more living signs of its past than many other countries. And people have always been proud of having ancient buildings in capitals, big cities and the countryside.
I will tell you more about Britain in my other letters.
Love from Britain,
Peter
A. The weather in London is really changeable.
B. I have difficulty in understanding my classmates.
C. Thanks for your nice letter.
D. The family I live with is friendly.
E. It’s very different from what I learned at school.
F. Local habits and traditions are not the same as what we knew.
G. But it’s not the language that’s different and surprising.
答案：8. C 9. E 10. G 11. A 12. F
Ⅴ. 微写作
用本单元所学词汇和句型翻译句子并连句成篇。
1. 英国属于欧洲。
2. 英国有许多古代遗迹可以探寻,也取得了许多成就。
3. 从网上收集信息和读书都是了解英国的好途径。
4. 然而,到那里旅游更有可能增加你的乐趣,尤其是在你注意周围的环境的时候。
提示:黑体字部分用本单元词汇表达,并且使用be likely to do 结构。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
The UK belongs to Europe. The UK has a lot of ancient relics to explore and also has many achievements. Collecting information on the Internet, as well as reading books is a good approach to learning about the UK. However, travelling there is more likely to add to your pleasure, especially when you keep your eyes open for the surroundings.
PAGE(共10张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing
写一篇地点简介
Qingdao, located in Shandong Province, is known as China’s “Little Switzerland”. It is a well-placed coastal port city and has great importance to the inland cities in both traditions and modern fashion trends.
Qingdao’s fine sand beaches, European-style architecture, and most significantly, clean air excite and inspire local people and tourists. Lying between mountains and the sea, Qingdao keeps clear deep waters, and enjoys a very comfortable climate. It is an amazing feeling to be bathed in cool sea breezes and breathe fresh air. The delicious seafood catches you over and over. Its golden beaches are a playful paradise for children, where they can build sand castles joyfully, while adults can enjoy bare rocks and feel gentle white waves brushing the skin free of care. Laoshan gives you a mystical, beautiful and very comfortable place to relax, where you can sense an important part of ancient Chinese culture, Taoism. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Qingdao makes China’s best northern beach resort.
Qingdao is also an industrial city world-famous for Tsingtao Beer and Qingdao International Beer Festival is held during the last 2 weeks of August every year. You may sit down and experience the cool and refreshing oriental flavour. Among the local arts and crafts, shell carvings are more than likely to be your favourite.
Never miss a chance to come to Qingdao to explore its traditions and scenery.
回顾本单元及以前学过的关于地点描写的文章,总结地点描写常用的表达。
1. 词汇
外观类形容词: ________________________________________
感受类形容词: ________________________________________
特征形容词: __________________________________________
位置关系: ____________________________________________
自然名词: ____________________________________________
人文名词: ____________________________________________
常用动词: ____________________________________________
程度副词: ____________________________________________
其他: ________________________________________________
2. 句型
位置: ________________________________________________
面积: ________________________________________________
人口: ________________________________________________
历史: ________________________________________________
特色: ________________________________________________
其他: ________________________________________________
答案:略
运用本课所学知识描写一个你去过的比较喜欢的地方。
注意:词数80左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:略
写完之后,同伴之间或者小组成员之间互换批改,找出习作中的不足或错误,然后再结合别人的反馈进行修改完善。批改的时候可以参考下表。
项目 角度 具体评价
(结合习作写出具体内容)
文章结构 是否结构清晰、思路流畅,符合地点介绍的常用结构
主题词汇 是否充分有效运用了【素材积累】中的主题词汇(在右栏写出所用到的词汇)
主题句型 是否充分有效运用了【素材积累】中的主题句型(在右栏写出所用到的句型)
知识错误 单词拼写、语法错误等
其他不足
整体评价 ☆☆☆☆☆
根据下面提供的信息要点,用英语写一篇介绍意大利的文章。
1. 截至2021年,人口约6 037万,首都罗马;
2. 置身意大利,听比萨斜塔的故事;在比萨斜塔塔尖上体验倾斜之感;
3. 惊叹于壮观的哥特式建筑,与此同时品尝意大利比萨饼和意大利面。
注意:词数80左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:比萨斜塔the Leaning Tower of Pisa;壮观的spectacular;哥特式建筑Gothic buildings;意大利面 spaghetti
Italy lies in the south of Europe, just like a boot in shape. There are four neighbouring countries. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Italy is waiting for you.
答案:
Italy lies in the south of Europe, just like a boot in shape. There are four neighbouring countries.
Up to 2021, Italy has a population of about 60.37 million with the capital of Rome. Once you set foot in Italy, your ears will be filled with stories of the world-famous Leaning Tower of Pisa, and you can also have a chance of experiencing the excited feeling of inclining on top of it. You may be amazed how spectacular and special the ancient Gothic buildings are in Italy; mean-while, the delicious Italian pizzas and spaghetti add to your love of the country, which are sure to lead you to a real ancient country in Europe.
Italy is waiting for you. (共47张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking (1)
Ⅰ. 选出与黑体单词在句中含义对应的英语释义
1. People can use WeChat to share their positions to those who want to find them. ( )
2. What puzzles me is why he left the country without telling anyone.
( )
3. When her brother was criticised, she leapt to his defence. ( )
4. The pictures provide evidence of the incident. ( )
5. It was a remarkable achievement for such a young player. ( )
6. The temple stands on the mountain and is surrounded with ancient green pine trees. ( )
7. Dalian is a modern port city, providing services for international ships and cargos. ( )
8. He likes enjoying the great works by outstanding painters in the gallery near his home. ( )
9. The chief of the village collected all the villagers and told them to leave as quickly as possible. ( )
10. I want to ask for legal advice from my lawyer. ( )
A. to be all around sth/sb
B. the facts, signs or objects that make you believe that sth is true
C. the place where sb/sth is situated
D. a room or building for showing works of art, especially to the public
E. a thing that sb has done successfully, especially using his own effort and skill
F. the most important person in a group
G. to make sb feel confused because they do not understand sth
H. connected with the law
I. a place where ships load and unload goods
J. the act of protecting sb/sth from attack, criticism, etc.
答案: 1. C 2. G 3. J 4. B 5. E 6. A 7. I
8. D 9. F 10. H
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示补全短语
1. join … … 把……和……连接或联结起来
2. break 脱离;背叛;逃脱
3. belong 属于
4. as as 同(一样也);和;还
5. keep one’s eyes 留心;留意
6. add … … 把……加入到……之中
7. refer to … … 把……称作……
8. be by 对……感到困惑
答案: 1. to 2. away 3. to 4. well
5. open 6. to 7. as 8. confused
Ⅲ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词
1. The competition is open to both teams and (个人).
2. The (最主要的) difficulty of this project lies in lack of funds.
3. The students were sent to a (附近的) farm to experience farm work.
4. All the scientific (证据)shows that increasing use of chemicals in farming is damaging our health.
5. The helmet is a good device of (防御) for motorcycle drivers.
6. The boy inherited the fortune of his uncle (合法地).
7. Every time he tells stories, he is (围绕) by curious kids.
8. By the time he was seventeen, he had made great (成就) in physics.
9. The village was used as the (地点) for a popular TV series.
10. It is the (迷人的) scenery and legendary stories that make the West Lake attractive.
答案: 1. individuals 2. chief 3. nearby 4. evidence
5. defence 6. legally 7. surrounded
8. achievements 9. location 10. fascinating
Ⅳ. 完成句子并背诵
1. 联合王国、大不列颠、不列颠、英格兰——许多人对这些不同名字的含义感到困惑。
The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people what these different names mean.
2. 16世纪,附近的国家威尔士加入了英格兰王国。
In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales _ _____ _______the Kingdom of England.
3. 最后,在20世纪时,爱尔兰的南部脱离了联合王国,这样就诞生了我们今天所叫的全称——大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland ______ ______ ______the UK, which ______ _______the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
4. 英国人被称作“British”, 这就意味着英国也被称作“不列颠”或者“大不列颠”。
People from the UK are called “British”, which means the UK ______ also often Britain or Great Britain.
5. 这四个隶属于联合王国的国家在某些方面共同合作。
The four countries that the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
6. 像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,也就是英国国旗。
They use the same flag, ______ _______the Union Jack, _______ ______ _______ share the same currency and military defence.
7. 英国有着漫长而有趣的历史可以探索,这可以帮你更多地了解这个国家和它的传统。
The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history ________ ________ , ________can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.
8. 还有更多有趣的英国历史和文化可以了解。
________ is so much more ________ ________ about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom.
9. 首都城市伦敦是开启旅程的一个好地方,因为它是一个古老的港口城市,其历史一直追溯到罗马时期。
The capital city London is a great place________ ________, as it is an ancient port city that has a history ________all the way _______ Roman times.
10. 如果你留意的话,你就会吃惊地发现它的过去和现在尽收眼底。
If you ________ ________ ________ ________, you will be surprised ________ ________ that you can see both its past and its present.
答案: 1. are confused by
2. was joined to
3. broke away from resulted in
4. is referred to as
5. belong to
6. known as as well as
7. to explore which 8. There to learn
9. to start dating back to
10. keep your eyes open to find
Step 1: Fast reading
Look at the title of the passage and the map, guess what the text is mainly about and make clear of what the member countries of the UK are.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: This text is mainly about the UK: its brief history and culture. They are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
读懂英文地图
读懂英文地图对于理解文章内容有着事半功倍的效果。英文地图提供的信息从两个方面来理解:(1)从整体上把握地图的内容,即地图主要呈现的是关于哪个地方的信息,以及该地图的内容是关于哪个方面的信息;(2)从细节处入手,观察地图所给内容之间的关系,尤其要注意颜色、边界和符号所代表的信息。
Step 2: Careful reading
1. What is the structure of the passage
A. ①②/③④/⑤ B. ①/②③/④⑤
C. ①②③/④/⑤ D. ①/②③④/⑤
2. What is the main idea of each paragraph
para. 1 ______________________________________________
para. 2 ______________________________________________
para. 3 _____________________________________________
para. 4 _____________________________________________
para. 5 _____________________________________________
答案: D
答案:
para. 1 The confusion about the meaning of the names of the UK.
para. 2 The changes of the parts making up the UK.
para. 3 The agreement and differences in culture among the four countries.
para. 4 The four groups of people taking over the UK.
para. 5 Advice on travelling around the UK.
3. Fill in the blanks.
Time Events
In the 16th century ① ____ was joined to the Kingdom of England.
In the ②_________ century Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.
In the 19th century Ireland was added to create
③ _ _______________________________ .
In the 20th century The southern part of Ireland ④ ___ __________ the UK.
Wales
18th
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
broke away from
4. Which of the following correctly describes the four countries of the UK
A. They use the same flag but different money.
B. They have their own education systems.
C. They celebrate the same holidays.
D. They share football teams for the World Cup.
5. What do we know about the four groups of people in the UK
A. The Romans’ achievements lay in building towns and castles.
B. The Anglo-Saxons created new types of houses.
答案: B
C. The Vikings arrived in the eighteenth century.
D. The Normans had an influence on the English language.
6. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. The UK has more interesting history than China.
B. Studying the history of the UK will benefit your visit there.
C. London’s history began from Roman times as an inland city.
D. Tourists should keep their eyes open while travelling in London.
答案: D
答案: B
Step 3: Discussion
What differences can you infer from paragraph 3 between the UK and China Try to find out the development of China in history.
______________________________________________________
答案:
The UK is made up of four countries, which are under the control of the same government using the same flag and money, but different education systems and holidays and so on. In China, 56 peoples are surrounding the same government, performing their functions well.
Throughout the whole history, China experienced many dynasties. Roughly speaking, they are the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, the Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty. All these dynasties have left rich, splendid and amazing culture to us.
Reading and Thinking (2)
1. break away (from sb/sth)
【观察思考】
Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK … (教材 P40)
最后,在20世纪时,爱尔兰的南部脱离了联合王国……
It is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene.
这类虫子能分解聚乙烯一点都不令人吃惊。
Her friends came to help her when the war broke out.
当战争爆发时,朋友们过来帮助她。
A jewel shop was broken into between midnight and 5 am. A lot of valuable things were stolen.
在半夜至凌晨五点之间有人闯入了一家珠宝店。很多值钱的东西被偷走了。
My parents don’t allow me to break in casually while others are talking.
我父母不允许我在他人谈话时随意插话。
No matter how tough a reform is, it will succeed if we have the determination to break through the barriers of interests.
无论改革多么困难,如果我们有决心突破利益的障碍,我们的改革就会取得成功。
【探究总结】
(1)break _________(from) 挣脱(束缚);脱离
(2)break _________分解;(机器或车辆)出故障; (谈判等)失败;(身体)垮掉
(3)break _________破门而入;突然……起来
(4)break _________(战争、火灾等)突然发生;爆发
(5)break _________突破
答案: (1)away (2)down (3)into (4)out
(5)through
【应用实践】
用break的相关短语完成句子。
①The boy was so angry that he from his mother and ran away.
②A thief the house last night when he was out.
③His car and had to be pulled to a garage.
④Scientists hope to soon in their fight against heart disease.
答案:①broke away ②broke into ③broke down
④break through
2. belong
【观察思考】
The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. (教材 P40)
这四个隶属于联合王国的国家在某些方面共同合作。
Everyone should remember to take away their belongings when they leave.
每个人离开时都要记得带走自己的财物。
As parents, we have a responsibility to give our children a sense of belonging. 作为父母,我们有责任给孩子归属感。
【探究总结】
(1)belong vi. 应在(某处);适应
belong 属于
(2) n. 财物;动产
(3)a sense of belonging _______________
belong to 后跟名词或动词-ing形式,不能用于进行时态和被动语态;作定语时采用动词-ing形式 (belonging to)。
答案: (1)to (2)belongings (3)归属感
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①The mountain village I visited last week is made up of 30 families (belong) to five nationalities.
②According to the label on the luggage, it belongs a Senior 3 student.
③No one shall touch other people’s (belong) without their permission.
④The best businesses are good at providing a sense of _________ (belong).
答案: ①belonging ②to ③belongings ④belonging
3. as well as
【观察思考】
They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. (教材 P40)
像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,也就是英国国旗。
English, as well as Chinese and maths, is of great importance.
同语文和数学一样,英语也非常重要。
As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets.
除了同我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛外,我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。
Da Shan speaks Chinese as well as a native speaker.
大山说汉语同本地人一样好。
【探究总结】
(1)as well as用作连词,意为“__________”,连接两个并列成分。当连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致。
(2)as well as用作介词,意为“__________”,其后接名词或动词
-ing形式,尤其是位于句首时,此时相当于in addition to。
(3)as well as可以用于同级比较,意为“__________”。
答案:(1)和,又,也 (2)除……之外,还有……
(3)和……一样好
【应用实践】
(1)完成句子。
①她不但是摄影师而且还是天才音乐家。
She is a talented musician a photographer.
②除吃了五道菜外,他们还喝了七瓶酒。
five courses, they drank seven bottles of wine.
(2)翻译句子。
He grows flowers as well as vegetables.
_____________________________________________________
答案: (1)①as well as ②As well as eating
(2)他既种菜也种花。
4. surround
【观察思考】
Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. (教材 P40)
英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方,这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。
Mr Smith likes to surround himself with students asking him questions.
Smith先生喜欢自己身边围绕着问问题的学生。
Thousands of people from surrounding towns came to see the great show.
来自周边城镇的成千上万的人观看了这场宏大的表演。
After I moved to a new city, I got used to my new surroundings soon. 我搬到新城市后,很快习惯了新环境。
【探究总结】
(1)surround vt. _______________
①surround … … 使……被……包围
②be surrounded … 被……环绕/包围
(2) adj. 周围的;附近的
(3) n. 环境
答案: (1)包围;围绕 ①with ②with/by
(2)surrounding (3)surroundings
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①I came to realise that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself creative people.
② (surround) by a dozen children, grand-children and great-grandchildren, the woman happily celebrated her 90th birthday.
③The trees (surround) the town were planted by the soldiers ten years ago.
④Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful
(surround).
答案: ①with ②Surrounded ③surrounding ④surroundings
5. charge
【观察思考】
Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged. (教材 P42)
Judy和我把车停在了特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场内,在那里我们能给车的电池充电。
He was charged with cheating in the exam, which surprised us all.
他因考试作弊而受到控告,这使我们都很吃惊。
The old couple just charged us three dollars for last night’s stay.
老夫妇对我们昨晚的住宿只收了三美元。
We guarantee to replace the broken door free of charge.
我们保证免费更换被打破的门。
Engineer Ted was in charge of the construction of the bridge.
=The construction of the bridge was in the charge of Engineer Ted.
工程师Ted负责大桥的建造。
The headmaster asked Juliet to take charge of our class.
校长让Juliet负责我们班。
【探究总结】
(1)charge vt. _________; _________; _________
①charge (sb) _________sth 为…… (向某人)收费;要价
②charge sb_________sth 因某事控告某人
(2)charge n. 收费;指控;主管
①_________ charge (of) 主管;负责;照顾
②in _________charge of sb=in sb’s charge 由某人负责;由某人管理
③_________ charge of掌管;负责;看管
④_________ of charge=_________ free 免费
答案: (1)充电 控告 收费 ①for ②with
(2)①in ②the ③take ④free for
【应用实践】
(1)单句语法填空。
①They wanted to charge $5,000 the car, but we managed to bring the price down.
②Your order will be delivered free charge with-in a ten-mile limit.
(2)句型转换。
The shop was in his charge while the manager was away.
→The shop was him while the manager was away.
→He was the shop while the manager was away.
→He the shop while the manager was away.
答案: (1)①for ②of
(2)in the charge of in charge of took charge of
6. approach
【观察思考】
It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around. (教材 P42)
很难接近那幅画,因为周围人太多了。
With winter approaching, birds flew to the south.
随着冬天的来临,鸟儿飞到了南方。
His approaches to the problem are wrong.
他处理这个问题的方法是错误的。
At the approach of the final exam, all the students are busy reviewing their lessons.
在期末考试来临之际,所有学生都在忙着复习功课。
All approaches to the town were blocked.
通往这座城镇的所有道路都被堵塞了。
【探究总结】
(1)approach 的词性及含义:
vt. 接近;接洽;着手处理
vi. 靠近
n. ①__________;②__________;③__________
(2)approach 的常见搭配:
①an approach …做某事的方法;通向某地的路
② the approach of 在……来临之际
答案: (1)①方法,途径 ②接近 ③道路 路径 通道
(2)①to ②at
【辨析】
approach 侧重待人接物或思考问题的方式。表示“……的方法”时,与介词to连用
way 表示“方法”的一般用语。表示“……的方法”时,常与of连用,或用the way to do sth。in this way用这种方式
means 指可以得到结果的方法。表示“……的方法”时,常与of连用。by this means用这种方式
method 指有规律的、科学的、系统的方法。表示“……的方法”时,常与of连用。with this method用这种方式
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①All the approaches the airport were blocked by the police.
②Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to (work) things out.
③The boy is becoming nervous the approach of the College Entrance Examination.
答案: ①to ②working ③atSection Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Mr Don looked at me with a (satisfy) smile.
2. The once (pollute) river has become totally clear, with grass along both banks.
3. She could hardly cover her (worry) look.
4. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases (know) only to people with specific knowledge.
5. The foldable chair (design) by Shirley is most helpful to the elderly.
6. Prices of daily goods (buy) online can be lower than those in some stores.
7. He was doing his homework one Sunday morning when he smelt something (burn).
8. The (move) audience all stood up and applauded.
9. The city library (build) in the last century is still in good condition.
10. With their work (finish), they went home, singing and laughing.
11. I’m going to have my letters (post) tomorrow if I’ve got them ready by then.
12. They hurried back home only to find their house (break) into.
13. We can hear the windows (beat) by the heavy raindrops.
答案：1. satisfied 2. polluted 3. worried 4. known
5. designed 6. bought 7. burnt 8. moved 9. built
10. finished 11. posted 12. broken 13. beaten
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. The problem (在会议上讨论的) yesterday was very difficult to solve.
2. They managed to (使自己被注意到) by making a fire.
3. (安排好一切后), he left the office.
4. The girl (穿着红色衣服) is my cousin Judy.
5. The passing cars were blocked (被一棵倒下的树) on the road.
6. The book (一位农民写的) is very popular among students.
7. The students (受到老师鼓舞的) worked harder than ever before.
8. (英语口语) is different from (书面英语) in many ways.
9. I was busy and failed to (寄出我的礼物) to my friend yesterday.
10. She (有一种兴奋的表情) on her face this morning, so she must have passed the exam.
答案：1. discussed at the meeting
2. make themselves noticed
3. With everything arranged 4. dressed in red
5. by a fallen tree 6. written by a farmer
7. encouraged by the teacher
8. Spoken English; written English
9. have my gift sent out 10. had an excited look
Ⅲ. 句型转换
1. The villagers planted many trees around their hometown last year.
→The villagers around their hometown last year.
2. The lecture given by Professor Zhang is about environment protection.
→The lecture is about environment protection.
3. His book published last year sells well.
→His book sells well.
4. AI will be one of the most influential technologies ever invented for people’s daily life.
→AI will be one of the most influential technologies
for people’s daily life.
5. There is something stuck on the wall.
→There is something on the wall.
答案：1. had many trees planted
2. which was given by Professor Zhang
3. which was published last year
4. that have ever been invented 5. that is stuck
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 语法填空
With her first aid course 1. (complete), Martha headed for her home. Suddenly, she heard a crash and saw a motorcyclist 2.
(throw) into the air. She could also find a pedestrian(行人) 3.
(knock) down.
As other 4. (shock) passers-by stood where they were, Martha immediately stepped forward and helped. The motorcyclist got his head and arms badly 5. (hurt) and he was making noises. So she shouted at him, “Can you breathe ” While he was given emergency treatment, the 6. (confuse) motorcyclist actually tried to walk away but Martha stopped him. Once the motorcyclist was comfortable, Martha went over 7. (check) on the injured pedestrian and had her blouse 8. (press) on his bleeding arm. Before long, official medical help arrived.
Looking back 9. the incident, Martha said, “Little did I know I’d put what I learnt in class into practice on my way home. It just shows that even the most basic training can make 10. difference.”
答案：1. completed 2. thrown 3. knocked 4. shocked 5. hurt
6. confused 7. to check 8. pressed 9. at 10. a
Ⅴ. 完形填空
If life were a book and you were the author, how would you like the story to go That is the question that 1 my life forever.
One day I went home from the training of snowboarding with what I thought was the flu, and less than 24 hours later, I was in a 2 on life support with less than two percent chance of living. It wasn’t until days later that the doctors diagnosed(诊断) me with a 3 blood infection. Over the 4 of 2.5 months, I lost the hearing in my left ear and both my legs below the knees. When my parents wheeled me out of the hospital, I 5 I had been put together like a patchwork(拼缝物) doll and I had to live with 6 legs. I was absolutely physically and emotionally broken, tears streaming down.
But I knew in order to move forward, I had to let go of the old Amy and 7 the new Amy. It was at this moment that I asked myself that significant 8 . And that was when it 9 me that I didn’t have to be five-foot-five anymore, but I could be as tall as I wanted. And 10
of all, I could make my feet the size of all the shoes. So there were 11
here.
Four months later, I was back upon a 12 . And this February, I won two Board World Cup gold medals, 13 me the highest ranked snowboarder in the world.
So, instead of looking at our 14 and our limitations as something 15 or bad, we can begin looking at them as a wonderful gift that can be used to help us go further than we ever know we could go.
1. A. saved B. risked C. ruined D. changed
解析：如果人生是一本书,而你是作者,你会怎样书写自己的人生呢 这个问题改变了(changed)作者的一生。故选D。
答案：D
2. A. hospital B. club C. field D. stadium
解析：根据“我”从滑雪训练回来,觉得是流感,且后面只有2%的存活率可知,“我”在医院。故选A。
答案：A
3. A. mild B. severe C. potential D. slight
解析：医生诊断“我”患了严重的血液感染。mild温和的;severe严重的;potential潜在的;slight轻微的。故选B。
答案：B
4. A. journey B. break C. course D. schedule
解析：此处表示经过两个多月的疗程。journey旅途;break休息;course疗程;schedule日程表。故选C。
答案：C
5. A. made sure B. felt like
C. worked out D. put forward
解析：被推出医院的时候,“我”感觉自己像一个被重新组装的玩具。make sure确保;feel like感觉像;work out算出;put forward提出。故选B。
答案：B
6. A. muscled B. heavy C. shapely D. false
解析：“我”必须用假肢行走。false假的,符合语境。故选D。
答案：D
7. A. hug B. recognise C. fix D. introduce
解析：作者要放下过去,拥抱一个新的自己。hug拥抱;recognise认出;fix固定;introduce介绍。故选A。
答案：A
8. A. plan B. question C. information D. favour
解析：“我”问了自己那个重要的问题。由动词ask可知应是question。故选B。
答案：B
9. A. dawned on B. knocked into
C. depended on D. looked into
解析：作者开始明白自己不再是五英尺五英寸(165厘米)高。dawn on使开始理解,使渐渐明白,符合语境。故选A。
答案：A
10. A. worst B. strangest C. best D. luckiest
解析：作者乐观地想最好的事情是她可以穿任何尺码的鞋子。worst最糟糕的;strangest最奇怪的;best最好的;luckiest最幸运的。故选C。
答案：C
11. A. struggles B. benefits C. rewards D. conflicts
解析：根据前面可知作者乐观地认为还是有好处的。struggle斗争;benefit好处,利益;reward奖励;conflict冲突。故选B。
答案：B
12. A. stage B. snowboard C. track D. playground
解析：四个月后作者重返滑雪板。从下一句可找到答案。故选B。
答案：B
13. A. allowing B. giving C. calling D. making
解析：“我”赢得两次世界冠军,使得“我”在世界上排名第一。allow允许;give给;call召唤;make使。故选D。
答案：D
14. A. challenges B. achievements
C. devotions D. hesitations
解析：因此,不要把挑战和缺陷看成消极或不好的东西。challenge挑战;achievement成就;devotion奉献;hesitation犹豫。故选A。
答案：A
15. A. active B. amazing C. negative D. peaceful
解析：不要把挑战和缺陷看作消极或不好的东西。active积极的;amazing令人惊异的;negative消极的;peaceful平静的。故选C。
答案：C
PAGESection Ⅱ Reading and Thinking (1)
[基础测评]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. Your ideas are (fascinate) to me.
2. This is a book of (puzzle) for children.
3. It is a suitable (locate) for a new school.
4. They took up arms in (defend) of their country.
5. The town’s water comes from the (surround) hills.
6. The US dollar is down against most foreign (currency) today.
7. I felt a great sense of (achieve) when I reached the top of the mountain.
8. Lions and tigers belong the cat family.
9. It is hard work that results his success.
10. Make sure you haven’t left anything on the train.
答案：1. fascinating 2. puzzles 3. location
4. defence 5. surrounding 6. currencies
7. achievement 8. to 9. in 10. behind
Ⅱ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
join ...to ..., as well as, keep your eyes open, result in, refer to ...as ..., leave behind
1. I always him a bookworm.
2. The new highway has our village the city.
3. The snowstorm has hundreds of deaths.
4. The incident a lot of problems and difficulties.
5. As my best friend, he shares my sorrows my joys.
6. , Andrew. There are opportunities everywhere.
答案：1. refer to as 2. joined to 3. resulted in
4. left behind 5. as well as 6. Keep your eyes open
[提升测评]
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
A
I come from Cambridge, a beautiful city in the east of England. It is on the River Cam and has a population of about 120,000. My hometown is especially famous for its university. Many famous people studied here, such as Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin. There are lots of old buildings and churches to visit. Students and tourists enjoy trips along the river by boat.
Cambridge is 80 kilometres from London. London is in the south of England and it is on the River Thames. It has a population of about seven and a half million, so it is bigger and busier than Cambridge. It is about 2,000 years old, and it is famous for Big Ben, Buckingham Palace and Tower Bridge.
England itself is part of an island, and you are always near the sea. The small villages and beaches on the coast are popular for holidays. Tourists like the areas of low mountains and beautiful lakes in the north, and the hills and pretty villages in the south. Everywhere in England, you will notice how green the countryside is.
It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter. So come and see England any time of the year, but bring an umbrella with you. It rains a lot all year round. You will need it most days.
1. How many examples of famous people are mentioned in the passage
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
解析：细节理解题。由第一段第四句“Many famous people studied here, such as Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin.”可知,只有两位名人被提到。故选B。
答案：B
2. What can we know about Cambridge and London
A. Cambridge is much busier than London.
B. London is 2,000 kilometres from Cambridge.
C. Cambridge has more famous buildings than London.
D. London has a much bigger population than Cambridge.
解析：细节理解题。由第一段第二句“It is on the River Cam and has a population of about 120,000.”和第二段第三句“It has a population of about seven and a half million”可知,剑桥有约12万人口,而伦敦有约750万人口。故选D。
答案：D
3. What do tourists like about the south of England
A. The churches. B. The low mountains.
C. The pretty villages. D. The beautiful lakes.
解析：细节理解题。由第三段第三句“Tourists like the areas of low mountains and beautiful lakes in the north, and the hills and pretty villages in the south.”可知,游客喜欢位于英国南面的漂亮村庄。故选C。
答案：C
4. What’s the climate like in England
A. Very hot in summer.
B. Very cold in winter.
C. Not very cold in winter.
D. Not rainy all year round.
解析：细节理解题。由第四段第一句“It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter.”可知,英国夏天不是很热,冬天不是很冷。故选C。
答案：C
B
Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921, the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.
In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage(短缺) of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.
For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.
The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”. Since independence, Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.
5. What does the author tell us in paragraph 1
A. How the Irish fought against the English.
B. How Ireland gained independence.
C. How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.
D. How two “Irelands” came into being.
解析：推理判断题。由第一段中“The result is that today there are two ‘Irelands’. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.”可知,北爱尔兰是英国的一部分,而南部的爱尔兰共和国是独立的国家。由此可知,作者告诉我们,“两个爱尔兰”是如何形成的。故选D。
答案：D
6. What can we learn about Ireland from the text
A. Food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population.
B. People are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside.
C. It is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker.
D. Different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger.”和“the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851”可知,在19世纪40年代,主要农作物受疾病影响,大约75万人死于饥饿,爱尔兰人口骤减到660万。故选A。
答案：A
7. What can be the best title for the text
A. Life in Ireland
B. A Very Difficult History
C. Ireland, Past and Present
D. The Independence of Ireland
解析：主旨大意题。文章讲述了爱尔兰的一段历史,没有详细讲爱尔兰的独立,B、D排除;文章第三段主要讲的是爱尔兰人的生活,A是对第三段的总结,不够全面。总览全文,文章讲了爱尔兰的过去和现在,故选C。
答案：C
C
Manchester is the “capital” of the northwest of England. Situated on the east bank of the River Irwell, it is a lively busy city with a large student population. Although it was once seen as only a dull industrial place, in recent years Manchester has become the “in” place. It is well known for its clubs, its fashion and its music, not to mention its world-famous football team, Manchester United.
There is plenty to see in Manchester and something to suit all tastes. For example, you have a taste of the Orient in Chinatown, home to Manchester’s large Chinese population. Another place to visit is the historical Eastlefield area, which contains the first urban heritage park in Britain. Here you can walk around the museums and experience the atmosphere of the 19th century Manchester.
Football fans need not feel left out; they can always make a trip to the Old Trafford Manchester United Museum which also contains a coffee shop and a souvenir shop.
It’s easy to find your way around the city centre and you’re never too far away from a bus, which will take you wherever you want to go. However, many people prefer walking in a city where there’s so much to see, and much of it is off the main travel lines.
If you get tired with all that walking, you can refresh yourself at one of the many café bars in the city. There’s a wide variety of homely and old-fashioned ones.
Whatever you do, you won’t have a dull moment in the place which was awarded the title of“most interesting city in Europe”. Despite its unpopular industrial image in the past, Manchester is becoming more and more popular as a tourist destination nowadays.
8. What do we know about Manchester
A. It is a big city in the southwest of England.
B. It is only known for its heavy industry.
C. It is interesting only if you like football.
D. It is a very popular place now.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“… in recent years Manchester has become the ‘in’ place. It is well known for its clubs, its fashion and its music, not to mention its world-famous football team, Manchester United.”可知,曼彻斯特已经变成时尚之都,以俱乐部、时装、音乐等闻名于世,还有世界著名的球队——曼联。故选D。
答案：D
9. If you are interested in Manchester’s history, you .
A. will see the 18th century buildings
B. can go to Chinatown
C. don’t have a choice
D. can visit the Eastlefield
解析：细节理解题。 根据第二段“Another place to visit is the historical Eastlefield area … Here you can walk around the museums and experience the atmosphere of the 19th century Manchester.”可知,Eastlefield与历史有关,如果你对历史感兴趣,可以去那里参观。故选D。
答案：D
10. What does the underlined word “its” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Europe’s. B. Tourism’s.
C. Manchester’s. D. Industry’s.
解析：词义猜测题。Despite its unpopular industrial image in the past是介词短语,主语是后面的Manchester。尽管曼彻斯特以前是一个工业城市,但是曼彻斯特正变为一个旅游目的地,而且越来越受欢迎。故选C。
答案：C
D
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is one of the most diverse nations in the whole of Europe. This article will show you how to adapt to the varied culture of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
Get used to small spaces. The United States is not only a huge country but also has big cars, houses and spaces. 11.________ Houses, apartments, cars and appliances are all smaller than what you are accustomed to, so you have to get used to smaller things.
Be polite. Always apologise for running into someone, even if it is their fault, as it makes you out to be a kind person. Respect people’s personal space and always wait in line.
Accept jokes. 12.________ Bantering and taking the mickey are all ways to describe making fun of someone but this isn’t necessarily a bad thing. Teasing someone is a common way to show friendship. As one Briton put it, “You never make fun of someone you don’t like.”
Get used to the driving. The British drive on the left side of the road.
13.________ Also the cars in the UK have the steering wheel(方向盘) on the right side, so you need to get used to this as well. Be especially careful with your turns and remember that right turns in the UK cross opposite traffic in the same way that left turns do in the US and other countries that drive on the right.
14.________ The British use different words and pronounce words differently. Look around on the Internet or buy books about words and expressions used in Britain.
There’s more to the UK than London. London is an excellent city and the most popular in the United Kingdom. 15.________ And the green countryside is a defining feature of the UK, which is something that should be explored.
A. Get used to the lifestyle.
B. Get used to the language.
C. Different regions have their own traditions and even languages.
D. Be sure that you do so, or the result could be terrible.
E. However, the UK does not have the luxury of space.
F. But there are many other cities filled with culture and wonder.
G. One of the most confusing aspects of British culture is humour.
答案：11. E 12. G 13. D 14. B 15. F
Reading and Thinking (2)
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. He offered a new approach improving the function of the machine.
2. The immune system is our main (defend) against disease.
3. She was faced with a new job, in unfamiliar (surround) with strange people.
4. I have never expected that my hometown has such a
(fascinate) look, seen from the sky.
5. He was admitted to a famous university for his outstanding_________
(achieve) in high school.
6. The Beidou Navigation System can exactly lead you to any_________
(locate) you want to reach.
7. She looked (puzzle) so I repeated the question.
8. There is (evident) that Beijing Man used fire to cook food.
9. The land belongs (legal) to the government.
10. We’d better go in a group, not (individual).
答案：1. to 2. defence 3. surroundings 4. fascinating
5. achievements 6. location 7. puzzled 8. evidence
9. legally 10. individually
Ⅱ. 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空
join … to …, break away from, belong to,refer to … as …,
keep your eyes open for, as well as
1. He took away the umbrella the boy beside him by mistake.
2. The village the town by the new road.
3. any opportunity around can help you find a job sooner.
4. Electric energy can be changed into light energy
into sound energy.
5. Several states the Union and became independent.
6. English a universal language.
答案：1. belonging to 2. is joined to 3. Keeping your eyes open for
4. as well as 5. broke away from 6. is referred to as
Ⅲ. 语法填空
The UK is also called Great Britain, Britain or England. Many people 1. (confuse) by these different names. In fact, they are 2. (shorten) names for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. In the 16th century, Wales was joined 3. the Kingdom of England and with Scotland joining in the 18th century, the Kingdom of Great Britain came into being. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added 4. (create) the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. However, the southern part of Ireland 5. (break) away from the UK in the following century, and thus the name of the country was changed into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 6. is still in use.
The four countries work together to share the same flag, currency and military defence. Although 7. (belong) to the UK, they also govern their countries independently in some ways, such as education systems, legal systems, national days and even football teams.
In the UK, it is easy to collect 8. (evident) of the four groups of people who took over at different times. They are the Romans, the Anglo-Saxons, the Vikings and the Normans, of whom the Normans had castles 9. (build) all around England and they had much influence on the English language.
The UK has interesting history and culture, and 10. (it) capital London is the typical city which is well worth exploring.
答案：1. are confused 2. shortened 3. to 4. to create
5. broke 6. which 7. belonging 8. evidence 9. built 10. its
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
Hundreds of years ago, a Roman army made war on Scotland. The Scots, a brave people, love their country. They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland. But there were too many of the Romans. It looked as if the Romans would win.
One night, the leader of the Scots marched his soldiers to the top of a hill. “We will rest here tonight, my men,” he said. “Tomorrow we will fight one more battle. We must win, or we will die.”
They were all very tired. So they ate their supper quickly and fell asleep. There were four guards on duty, but they were very tired, too, and one by one, they fell asleep.
The Romans were not asleep. Quickly they gathered at the foot of the hill. Slowly they went up the hill. Closer they came to the sleeping Scots. They were almost at the top. A few minutes more the war would be over. Suddenly, one of them put his foot on a thistle (蓟). He cried out and his sudden cry woke the Scots. In a minute they were on their feet and ready for a battle. The fighting was hard, but it did not last long. The Scots wiped out the Romans and saved Scotland.
The thistle is not a beautiful plant. It has sharp needles all over it. Few people liked it. But the people of Scotland liked it so much that they made it their national flower.
1. What is the reaction of the sleeping Scots at the shout of a Roman soldier
A. They began to fight the Romans hard.
B. They stood up without shoes and began to fight.
C. They woke and rose immediately, ready to fight.
D. They put on shoes at once and were ready to fight.
解析：细节理解题。从第四段“In a minute they were on their feet and ready for a battle.”可知,此处be on one’s feet意为“站起来”,而不是光着脚的意思。故选 C。
答案：C
2. What’s the result of the war
A. The Romans killed all the Scots.
B. The Scots were defeated.
C. The Scots were driven out of Scotland.
D. The Scots defeated the Romans.
解析：细节理解题。从文章第四段最后一句可以知道,此处wipe out意为“消灭,清除”。故选D。
答案：D
3. Why did the Scots make the thistle their national flower
A. It is lovely, though not beautiful.
B. It gave them happiness.
C. It is a kind of useful plant.
D. It helped the Scots in wiping out the Romans.
解析：推理判断题。从前四段可以判断,是蓟帮助了苏格兰人。故选D。
答案：D
Ⅴ. 完形填空
I live near a bay(海湾) in Sydney and I go on a bike ride almost every day. I see lots of people riding their bikes and others just 1
and enjoying the view. On Sundays, there are more people around the bay. I 2 riding my bike then so that I can give as many smiles as possible.
Today, on my way back home, I 3 a beautiful little girl walking with her mom holding a box of her things. It was so great to see how 4 they were. I kept riding my bike and I found a shiny necklace on the ground. I didn’t do anything at first, 5 then I thought maybe it belonged to the little girl. I turned around to pick up the necklace. Luckily, it was still there, but for a second I thought that maybe it did not belong to her. I 6 to go and ask them before picking it up.
I turned around again, and tried to find the woman and her lovely girl. I easily found them and noticed that they were 7 something missing in the box. I stopped and asked, “Did she 8 her necklace ” “Yes,” her mom replied. “I saw it. I’ll get it,” I answered.
I went back and retrieved(取回) the necklace. They were very happy and the mom asked her daughter to 9 me. It was the 10
moment of the day. Even though the necklace was a simple chain made of
11 , the happiness on both the mom’s and her daughter’s faces was much more 12 .
It made me feel so 13 , and I was so glad that I went back to
14 them. Never hesitate(犹豫) when you know you’re about to do an act of 15 . Just go for it and it’ll make you feel happy, I promise.
1. A. jumping B. riding C. climbing D. walking
解析：根据“others”和前面的“riding their bikes”所表示的对比意义可以推知人们走着(walking)欣赏美景。
答案：D
2. A. finish B. love C. hate D. regret
解析：联系下文中的“I kept riding my bike”可知作者喜欢(love)骑车。
答案：B
3. A. heard B. discovered C. stopped D. noticed
解析：作者在回家的路上注意到(noticed)一个漂亮的小女孩。
答案：D
4. A. busy B. nervous C. happy D. careless
解析：句中的“It was so great”说明她们很快乐(happy)。
答案：C
5. A. for B. so C. and D. but
解析：一开始作者什么也没有做,但是(but)想到它可能是那个小女孩的。
答案：D
6. A. agreed B. refused C. decided D. pretended
解析：作者担心项链不是小女孩的,所以决定(decided)先去问问她们。
答案：C
7. A. breaking up B. turning to
C. watching over D. looking for
解析：联系句中的“something missing”等信息可知,她们在寻找(looking for)丢失的什么东西。
答案：D
8. A. drop B. forget C. keep D. sell
解析：结合作者回来的目的可知,此处是询问:“她丢了(drop)项链吗 ”
答案：A
9. A. help B. persuade C. encourage D. thank
解析：根据上文中的“I went back and retrieved the necklace”可知妈妈要女儿谢谢(thank)作者。
答案：D
10. A. disappointing B. worrying
C. exciting D. surprising
解析：作者帮助了她们,所以说那是那一天中令人兴奋的(exciting)时刻。
答案：C
11. A. gold B. plastic C. diamond D. silver
解析：联系句中的“Even though”所表示的转折关系可以推知,该项链是用塑料(plastic)做的。
答案：B
12. A. important B. boring C. expensive D. funny
解析：在作者看来,她们两人脸上的幸福更重要(important)。
答案：A
13. A. tired B. honest C. strong D. good
解析：根据下文中的“and I was so glad”可知,这件事情使得作者感觉很好(good)。
答案：D
14. A. avoid B. ask C. change D. accept
解析：结合上文中的“and ask them before picking it up”可知,作者很高兴能够回去问(ask)她们。
答案：B
15. A. experience B. patience C. kindness D. politeness
解析：作者帮助了文中提到的妈妈和女儿,所以说是善行(kindness)。
答案：C
PAGE(共17张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
一、过去分词作定语
1. 过去分词作定语的位置。
【观察思考】
English is a widely used language.
英语是一门被广泛使用的语言。
This is one of the schools built in the 1980s.
=This is one of the schools that were built in the 1980s.
这是20世纪80年代建造的学校之一。
【探究总结】
(1)单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之 _______。(2)过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词之 ________,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
(3)特殊情况:
①有些单词的过去分词在习惯上往往放在被修饰词的后面。
There is little time left. Let’s hurry up.
剩余的时间不多了。让我们快点吧。
前
后
②过去分词修饰不定代词something、 everything、 anything、 nothing、 somebody、 nobody 和指示代词those等时要放在这些词后面。
【应用实践】
(1)句型转换。
①A thief stole the goat that was tied to the tree.
=A thief stole the goat ______ ______ ______ _______.
②The girl who is dressed in red is Kelly’s long-lost friend.
=The girl ______ ______ ______is Kelly’s long-lost friend.
③The castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.
=The castle, ______ ______in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.
(2)单句语法填空。
①The man ______(seat) there is my uncle.
②Last Monday our class went on an ___________(organise) trip.
答案: (1)①tied to the tree ②dressed in red
③burnt down (2)①seated ②organised
2. 过去分词作定语的意义。
【观察思考】
a. fallen leaves落叶
the risen sun升起的太阳
a retired teacher 退休的老师
b. an honoured guest 一位受尊敬的客人
a guided trip 一次有导游的旅行
c. the broken glass碎了的杯子
the question discussed yesterday昨天讨论的问题
【探究总结】
观察以上三组例子我们可以看出:
(1) 组短语中的过去分词只表示被动不强调完成,过去分词的原形都是 (及物/不及物)动词。
组短语中的过去分词只表示完成不表示被动,过去分词的原形都是 (及物/不及物)动词。
组短语中的过去分词同时表示被动和完成,过去分词的原形都是及物动词。
(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示 ,不表示_____的意义;及物动词的过去分词作定语表示 意义或已 的被动动作。
答案:(1)b 及物 a 不及物 c
(2)动作已完成 被动 被动 完成
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词,其动词 -ing形式表主动意义,即“令人有某种感觉”;其过去分词有被动意义,即“使人体会到某种感觉”。这类词通常作前置定语用。
moving令人感动的 moved 感动的
interesting有趣的 interested 感兴趣的
disappointing令人失望的 disappointed 失望的
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①She prepared a (boil) egg and a glass of milk for her breakfast.
②The (damage) bridge will be repaired in three days.
③Mobile phones (make) in China are popular in foreign countries.
④He is talking with a (return) overseas Chinese.
⑤There was nothing (write) on the paper he had handed in.
答案: ①boiled ②damaged ③made ④returned
⑤written
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
1. 位于have、 make、 get、 keep、 leave等使役动词后。
【观察思考】
I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow.
Body language can help you make yourself understood by others.
He got his foot injured while playing football.
He hurried to school, leaving his breakfast untouched.
It is raining outside. Ann, keep all the windows closed.
【探究总结】
(1)结构:have/make/get/keep/leave+sb/sth+过去分词。
(2)当表示使/让某人或某物发出某种动作时,若该动作与前面的人或物构成逻辑上的动宾关系,表被动含义时,该动作应该用过去分词形式。
“have+宾语+过去分词”表示三种含义:
①表示让别人做某事;
②表示“遭遇某种不幸”;
③表示“使完成某事”,事情既可由别人完成,也可由主语参与完成。
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①Please read your article in a loud voice to make yourself _____ (hear) clearly by all.
②When I was going to have my radio (repair), I had my bike (steal).
③You must get the report (prepare) before 7 o’clock tomorrow morning.
④Experts use a new method to keep all the paintings ___________ (protect).
答案: ①heard ②repaired stolen ③prepared
④protected
2. 位于see、 watch、 observe、 look at、 hear、 listen to、 feel、 notice、 find等表示感觉或心理状态的动词(词组)后。
【观察思考】
Mr Stanley saw many buildings destroyed by the strong wind.
I heard the song sung in English.
I felt a great weight taken off my mind.
He found his hometown greatly changed.
【探究总结】
(1)结构:see/watch/observe/look at/hear/listen to/feel/notice/find+sb/
sth+过去分词。
(2)在感官动词和表示心理活动的动词(词组)后往往会用复合结构,该结构中宾语之后的成分即为宾语补足语。若宾语补足语表达的是被动含义,就采用过去分词形式。
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①I have often heard the “ABC Song” ________(sing), but I have never heard Alice _________(sing) it.
②We often see him ________________(surround) by much work.
③I suddenly felt my confidence _________(build) up hearing those words.
built
surrounded
sung
sing
④Jack rushed to school, only to find the school gate _________ (lock).
3. 在“with+宾语+过去分词”结构中。
【观察思考】
The children ran towards us with flowers held in their hands.
The boy began to cry with the toy broken into pieces.
With his application turned down, he had to find another job.
The girl sat there silently with her eyes fixed on the wall.
【探究总结】
with复合结构中的宾语补足语可以采用过去分词形式,此时过去分词与宾语存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
locked
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①With all the walls (paint) with bright colours, the room looks rather lively.
②He is in deep thought, with his head (bury) in his hands.
③With his hands (raise)high, he seemed to ask me for help.
④The girl felt very happy, with her homework (praise) by the teacher.
答案: ①painted ②buried ③raised ④praised(共15张PPT)
Unit 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
语篇类型 1.说明文:WHAT’S IN A NAME
2.其他类型:音频、视频、图片等
语言知识
语音
语音的连读
主题
词汇 人物名词:Confucius descendant individual chief ancestor poet crowd
历史文化:philosophy currency defence evidence achievement battle gallery approach custom transition
饮食风俗:butter honey snack pub wine beer stew
活动表现:puzzle break away (from sb/sth) surround conquer charge announcekeep your eyes open (for) ensure roll roar greet
特征描述:heel nearby join … to … belong to
as well as military legal fascinating amount generous eager sensory striking
地点名词:mansion cemetery kingdom location port landscape position courtyard county ocean
日常习语:Achilles’ heel
语言知识
语法 过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
语篇 景物描写说明文的语篇结构和语言特征
语用 情感与态度:I had no idea … I didn’t know …
I was eager/surprised to see/learn/hear that …
It was so much fun!
It was a little disappointing.
It wasn’t as good/interesting/fun as I’d expected.
文化知识 了解中外国家和城市的悠久历史和文化传统,积极思考历史、文化和传统的重要性及现实意义
语言技能
1.在听的过程中,能够根据上下文推测英语习语的含义;
2.在阅读中,能够从地图中获取相关的地理文化信息,以提高读图的能力;
3.通过观看图片、视频,能够解读非文字资源所表达的意义;
4.能够在日常交际中自然得体地表达兴奋、惊讶、失望等情感;
5.能够对熟悉地点的景物等进行比较生动、细致的描写
学习策略 1.利用笔记等梳理信息并进行复述;
2.将本单元所学有关景物介绍的知识运用到写作中并进行反思、评价
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ. 在括号里写出黑体部分在句中的含义
1. Confucius is a great philosopher ( ), and his philosophy ( ) has a great influence on our traditions and beliefs.
2. I travelled to Shaolin Temple ( ) which is one of the places Chinese kung fu originated from.
3. They are reading A Dream of Red Mansions ( ), one of the four great classical Chinese novels.
4. The pictures can help remove your confusion ( ) about the idea of the writer.
5. As the descendants ( ) of the Chinese nation, we have never given in to any challenges.
6. The effect of the medicine is quite noticeable ( ), for he is picking up quickly.
7. Many famous historic ( ) buildings are still standing in Xi’an City.
8. The Ming Tombs represent the imperial cemetery ( ) region where the 13 emperors of the Ming Dynasty were buried.
9. With tourism booming, individual ( ) income is increasing.
10. Fashion girls are fond of wearing shoes with high heels
( ).
答案: 1. 哲学家;哲学 2. 少林寺 3. 《红楼梦》
4. 困惑 5. 后裔 6. 显著的 7. 历史上著名的
8. 皇家墓地
9. 个人的 10. 后跟
Ⅱ. 在对话中正确运用下列习语及表达式
Achilles’ heel pull one’s leg hold on
fish out of water lead to confusion
1. —I find it is hard to continue reading the English novel. It is too difficult to understand.
— please. No way is smooth to success.
2. —What do you think of this new hybrid car
—It comes at an affordable price. Its excellent fuel economy and stylish design are also advantages. But lack of space is its .
3. —How did you do at your party yesterday
—Rather good at the beginning. However, everybody else ended up in the swimming pool. But I was a because I can’t swim.
4. —Did Richard really go to Italy this summer
—No way. He was only and you believed him
5. —Many parents treat their children as if they were friends.
—Quite right. But it may in the children’s mind when situations call for discipline.
答案: 1. Hold on 2. Achilles’ heel 3. fish out of water 4. pulling your leg 5. lead to confusion
Pronunciation: Listen and repeat.
1. Try reading the following sentences and pay attention to the linking sounds.
A. I’m an English boy./Let me have a look at it./Ms Black worked in an office yesterday.
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B. They’re my father and mother./I looked for it here and there./ There is a football under it.
C. Nice to meet you./Did you get there late again /Would you like a cup of tea
D. I am Chinese./He is very friendly to me./She wants to
study English.
答案: 略
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2. Summarise the rules of linking sounds according to the above examples.
(1)“辅音+元音”型连读,如__________组所示。
在同一个意群里,如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。
(2)“r/re+元音”型连读,如__________组所示。
如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这时的r或re不但要发/r/,而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。
(3)“辅音+半元音”型连读,如__________组所示。
英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以半元音,特别是/j/开头,此时也要连读。
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B
C
(4)“元音+元音”型连读,如 组所示。
如果前一个词以元音结尾,后一个词以元音开头,这两个音通常也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。
D
当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时,意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现,也不可连读。例如:
① Is it a hat or a cat (hat与or之间不可以连读)
②There is a good book in my desk.(book与in之间不可以连读)
③Can you speak English or French (English与or之间不可以连读)
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