Unit 3 Food and Culture Learning About Language
过去完成时和过去完成时的被动语态
Dialogue 1:
Dialogue 2:
观察对话中黑体部分的时态和语态并类比填空。
(1)He had already been(be) to Shanghai earlier this week.
(2)I left the shop after I had bought(buy) what I wanted.
(3)The task had been finished(finish) before 12: 00 yesterday.
一、过去完成时的概念
过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前发生的动作或状态, 句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导时间状语。过去完成时除了强调动作发生在过去之外, 还常用于间接引语和虚拟语气的句子中。例如:
*We had built five new buildings by the end of last year.
到去年年底, 我们已经建了五座新大楼。
*The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came.
老师来之前教室还没有打扫过。
*The researchers said at least 4% of the population in those countries had been infected.
研究人员表示, 那些国家至少有4%的人口被感染。
*The letter was passed from one to another until everyone had read it. 这封信从一个人传到另一个人, 直到每个人都看完。
*Helen said(that)she had moved to another flat.
海伦说她已经搬到另一套公寓去了。
*If only we had listened to their advice!
要是我们听了他们的建议就好了!
过去完成时的标志词和句型
by+过去时间点, before, until, hardly/scarcely. . . when. . . ; no sooner. . . than; It was the first/second. . . time that. . . (从句用过去完成时)
二、过去完成时的构成
1. 肯定句: 主语 + had + 过去分词+其他.
2. 否定句: 主语 + had + not + 过去分词+其他.
3. 疑问句: Had + 主语 + 过去分词+其他
疑问代词/疑问副词 + had + 主语 + 过去分词+其他
*The Union sent letters to the embassy to cheer on the Chinese people who had fought against the epidemic.
工会致函大使馆, 为抗击疫情的中国人民加油。
*The country had not yet recovered from the effects of the war. 这个国家还没有从战争的影响中恢复过来。
*How many new words had you learned before the foreign teacher came to your school
在外教来你们学校之前, 你们学了多少新单词
三、过去完成时的被动语态的形式
1. 肯定句: 主语+ had been done +其他成分.
2. 否定句: 主语+ had not been done +其他成分.
3. 疑问句: Had +主语+ been done +其他成分
疑问词+ had +主语+ been done +其他成分
*By the time he got to the school, the first period had been finished. 当他到达学校时, 第一节课已经结束了。
*The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in. 那个男孩被提醒他的家庭作业还没有交。
*How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended 当飓风结束时, 有多少建筑物被摧毁了
(1)过去完成时指发生在过去之前, 也就是过去的过去的动作。用过去完成时必须有一个表过去的时间作对比。例如:
After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
他写完作业以后才去睡觉。
(2)如果两个动作紧接着发生, 则常常不用过去完成时, 特别是在包含before和after的复合句中, 因为从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确, 可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。例如: After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English. 到达英国后, 马克思努力提高他的英语水平。
用正确的时态和语态填空
(1)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)One morning she told her children about a family she had visited (visit) the day before.
(2)It was supposed that he had had (have)a sudden attack of faintness.
(3)All the fine ladies and gentlemen of the countryside had been invited(invite)before the party began.
(4)It was the first time she had ever spoken (speak) before such a big audience.
(5)Police asked passers-by if they had seen(see) the accident happen.
(6)Nothing could have saved him even if he had been tended(tend) without delay.
根据语境和所给词汇, 用本单元所学的时态填空
Our school was built in 1902. When I studied there, it 1. had been (be)famous throughout the country. By 1978, the school’s use 2. had changed (change) several times. By the end of last century, our school 3. had become (become) a provincial model high school. When I graduated, our school 4. had won (win) many honors both at home and abroad. Before last year’s anniversary of the founding of our school, all the school buildings 5. had been rebuilt (rebuild) and it is now larger and more beautiful than before.
PAGE
3Unit 3 Food and Culture Reading and Thinking
【词汇知识·自主学习】
Ⅰ. 根据语境写出正确的单词
1. Chinese cuisine 中国菜肴
2. prior survey 先前的调查
3. hot red pepper 红辣椒
4. with the help of the head chef 在厨师长的帮助下
5. the smelly stuff 臭臭的东西
6. a slice of bread 一片面包
7. Chinese green onion 大葱
8. lamb kebab 烤羊肉串
9. elegant dim sum 精致的点心
10. the exceptional stewed noodles 特色烩面
11. a minimum age limit 最低年龄限制
12. the kinds of food local people consume
当地人吃的食物种类
13. the flavor of garlic 大蒜的味道
14. chicken and bacon 鸡肉和熏猪肉
15. a ham sandwich 火腿三明治
16. home-made sausage 自制香肠
17. Chinese cabbage 大白菜
18. Stewed chick with mushroom 鸡炖蘑菇
Ⅱ. 根据语境用恰当的介、副词填空
1. Study the example and refer to the explanation below.
2. He sliced the top off his finger while he was cutting vegetables.
3. Prior to the Spring Festival, lots of activities will be well-prepared, such as making dumplings and setting off fireworks.
4. The factory tried its best to keep pollution at a minimum.
5. The lecture will last from 8 a. m. to 11 a. m. , mainly consisting of three parts.
Ⅲ. 根据课文及汉语意思提示补全句子
1. Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.
告诉我你吃什么, 我就能说出你是个什么样的人。
2. On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans.
另一方面, 它确实告诉我们很多关于美国人的事情。
3. When my family and I had just arrived in China, we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing.
我和家人一到中国, 就在北京找一个吃饭的好去处。
4. The food was wonderful and different, but what was even more important was the friendship offered us.
食物很棒, 也很有特色, 但更重要的是我们收获了友谊。
5. What we can say, however, is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other. 然而, 我们可以确定的是, 文化和美食这两者息息相关, 如果你没有体验过其中之一, 你就永远无法真正了解另一个。
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
1. 后缀“-al”常加于名词之后构成形容词。
exception → exceptional adj. 特别的, 例外的
person →personal adj. 个人的
continent →continental adj. 大陆的
region →regional adj. 地区性的
emotion →emotional adj. 情绪的
2. “动词+of”构成的短语
consist of 由……组成(或构成)
dream of 梦想; 梦见
complain of 抱怨, 申诉
think of 想起, 记起
【阅读精析·合作学习】
Task 1 框架宏观建构: 整体理解
1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks
2. What’s the main idea of this passage
The passage is mainly about the food representing people’s personality, character and culture.
【寻技巧·提能力】
理解因果关系
因果关系就是两个或多个事件之间的因果联系。它可以是前因后果或前果后因式的联系, 也可以是一因一果、一因多果、一果多因等的联系。一些直接的因果关系可以通过连词, 如because, so, for, since, thus, therefore, as a result 等做出判断。一些不明显的因果关系则需要理解上下文的逻辑意义才能做出判断。
Task 2 文本微观剖析: 细节探究
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)Why does the author cite “you are what you eat” in Paragraph 1
A. To introduce the theme of the article.
B. To persuade people to eat healthy food.
C. To show the impact of food on health.
D. To prove culture has little to do with cuisine.
(2)What does the author think of General Tso’s chicken tasted in America
A. It is delicious.
B. It is not authentic.
C. It is too spicy.
D. It shows Chinese culture.
(3)What impressed the author and his family more in a Sichuan restaurant
A. The spicy food they ate.
B. Sichuan peppercorns.
C. The friendship they felt.
D. The new experience.
(4)What does the author find from eating dumplings in Shandong
A. Dumplings have to be eaten with vinegar.
B. Dumplings are the most popular in Shandong.
C. Everyone in Shandong can make dumplings.
D. Making dumplings is a family gathering.
(5)What does the author find different people in China have in common
A. They are all particular about food.
B. They are all good at making food.
C. They all show friendship and kindness.
D. They are all proud of their food and culture.
答案: (1)～(5)ABCDC
Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
Introduction The saying“you are what you eat”refers to people’s (1)personality, character and culture.
Before coming to China Only experience with Chinese food that had been changed (2)to suit American tastes. America’s (3)most popular Chinese dish is General Tso’s chicken.
After coming to China Experience authentic Chinese foods. In Beijing: Sichuan peppercorns; In Shandong: boiled (4)dumplings; In Xinjiang: boiled or roasted meat; In Guangdong: (5)elegant dim sum; In Henan: the (6)exceptional stewed noodles; Chinese people everywhere show (7)friendship and kindness.
Conclusion At a minimum, the kinds of food local people (8)consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead and what they like and dislike; Culture and cuisine go (9)hand in hand.
课文语法填空
As the saying (1)goes(go), “You are what you eat. ” which means food is (2)associated(associate) with our personality, character and culture. In fact, in many ways this seems to be true.
I had a chance (3)to experience(experience) Chinese food by travelling in China. When I ate in a Sichuan restaurant, I not only tasted the authentic Chinese food (4)but felt the friendship of Sichuan people. In Shandong, I learned that (5)making(make) dumplings offers a good chance for people to have a family get-together, to (6)which people there attach great (7)importance(important). As people in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia like to wander the open range on (8)horses(horse), they usually roast meat over an open fire.
I also learned that people in the south of China are particular (9)about food, and people in central part of China cook noodles in a special way.
I met different people and experienced different food in China. I think that I (10)have known(know) more about Chinese culture than before after tasting so many of their cuisines.
2. Long sentence analysis.
1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句
(1)Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of
形容词、分词短语作状语
Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so
主句 同位语 从属连词
the chef just began filling our table with the best food
从句中的主句
we had ever eaten.
从句中的定语从句
译文: 又累又饿, 而且一个汉字也不认识, 我们压根儿不知道如何点餐, 于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物, 那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。
(2)It has become a favourite traditional dish of the
主句
people in North China, where making dumplings has always
定语从句 动名词短语作从句主语
been a family affair with everyone—from the youngest to
with的复合结构作状语
the oldest—joining in to help.
译文: 它(饺子)已经成为中国北方人民最喜爱的传统菜肴, 在那里包饺子一直是一项家庭活动, 从最年轻的到最年长的, 每个人都参与进来帮忙。
Task 3 阅读思维升华: 主题实践
1. In China, if one is fond of having spicy food, which area might this person be from What kind of character may he or she have (Logical Thinking 逻辑性思维)
This person might be from Hunan or Sichuan Province. He or she must be bold and forceful.
2. Do you agree with the idea that “culture and cuisine go hand in hand” (Critical Thinking批判性思维)
Yes. Basically, it’s true. Because different cuisines are created depending on different weather, produce, religion and other factors.
【要点精研·探究学习】
1. prior adj. 先前的; 优先的
*What did you do prior to coming here
你来这里之前做什么工作
*This task is prior to all others.
这项任务要比所有其他任务优先完成。
*It’s a priority to respect our parents. 首先要尊敬我们的父母。
*Fire engines have/take priority over other traffic.
消防车比其他车辆有优先通行权。
【词块积累】
(1)prior to 在……之前的, 先于
(2)be prior to 在……前面, 优先
(3)a priority to ……的优先权
(4)have/take priority over 有……的优先权
【知识延伸】
表示“在……之前”的词汇还有:
before prep. 在……之前, 先于
ahead of 在……之前
in advance 预先; 提前
(1)语法填空
①Prior to taking (take) a working holiday abroad you will need to do a number of things.
②Now he must make it a priority (prior)to fix the deeply broken system.
(2)They insist that the right to live should take priority over all other considerations.
他们坚持认为, 生存权利应放在其他一切考虑因素之上。
2. consist vi. 由……组成/构成; 在于
*(2019·浙江高考) Rock music consists of many different styles.
摇滚乐由许多不同的风格组成。
*Happiness consists in serving the people.
幸福在于为人民服务。
*Our deeds must consist with our words.
我们必须言行一致。
【词块积累】
consist of 由……组成
consist in 在于; 存在于
consist with 与……一致; 并存
【知识延伸】
(1)表示“由……组成”的短语还有:
be made up of, be composed of
(2)表示“在于”的同义短语是: lie in
Happiness consists in contentment. 知足常乐。
(1)语法填空
①Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times.
②I was surprised to find the bike didn’t consist with what you advertised.
(2)同义替换
Success lies in (=consists in) industry and modesty.
3. stuff vt. 填满; 把……塞进 n. 东西; 物品; 材料; 填充物
*We stuffed the bag with old clothes.
我们用旧衣服塞满这个包。
*The pillow is stuffed with feathers.
枕头里塞满了羽毛。
*I don’t want to eat pepper and stuff.
我不想吃胡椒什么的。
【词块积累】
(1)stuff. . . with. . . 用……填满/塞满……
(2)be stuffed with 塞满了, 挤满了
(3)and stuff 诸如此类
(1)语法填空
①Giving hongbao, red envelopes stuffed (stuff) with money, at weddings has been a tradition in China.
②This is the drawer where I keep paper, envelopes and stuff.
(2)同义替换
The buses are always crowded with passengers during the rush hours.
=The buses are always stuffed with passengers during the rush hours.
4. slice n. (切下的食物)薄片 vt. 把……切成薄片
*Put some butter on a slice of bread and add a teaspoon of butter.
在一片面包上放一些黄油, 再加一茶匙的黄油。
*(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture. 珍娜找到了面包, 把两片放入鸡蛋混合物中。
*He sliced a big piece off the bacon.
他切下一大块熏猪肉。
*If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.
如果你有榨汁机, 你可以仅仅放入冷冻香蕉和一些浆果或切片水果。
【词块积累】
(1) a slice of 一片
(2) slice. . . off 把……切下来
sliced fruit 切片水果
slice. . . into slices 把……切成薄片
【巧学助记】
The beef is roasted in an oven until cooked and then sliced into slices.
牛肉在烤箱里烤熟, 然后被切成薄片。
类似短语:
chip off 切下; 削去
chop off 砍掉
cut off 切断; 中断
cut out 裁剪; 删去; 关掉
cut away 切掉, 砍掉
(1)语法填空
①There are two slices (slice) of turkey on the table.
②I usually buy sliced (slice) bread—it’s less bother.
(2)At first, I sliced the green vegetable into pieces.
首先, 我把绿色蔬菜切成片。
(3)The 33-year-old enjoyed a small slice of history by becoming the first Chinese mainland golfer.
33岁的他成为了中国大陆首位高尔夫球手, 这也为他创造了一小段历史。
5. exceptional adj. 特别的; 罕见的
*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
我们将在传统的小城镇里漫步, 并在上海的一个特别的博物馆结束我们的旅行。
*Everyone should help clean this room and you are no exception.
每个人都应帮忙打扫房间, 而你也不例外。
*We all laughed, with the exception of Jerry.
除了杰瑞, 我们都笑了。
【词块积累】
(1)exceptional performance/circumstances/measures/ ability. . . 非同一般的表现/情况/措施/能力等
(2)except prep. 除……之外
except for 除了……以外; 要不是由于
except that. . . 只可惜; 除了……之外
(3)exception n. 例外; 异议
with the exception of 除了……以外
no exception 无一例外
(4)exceptionally adv. 异常地; 特殊地; 例外地
(1)语法填空
①Gregory is exceptionally (exceptional) good at computer programming.
②All passed the examination with the exception of two students.
③The senior executive said the P40 series will be available in all markets except for the United States, Brazil and Republic of Korea.
(2)Exceptional children are different in some ways from others of the same age.
特别的孩子在某些方面与其同龄人不同。
6. consume vt. 吃; 喝; 饮; 消耗, 消费
*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。
*The consumption of the resources on the earth is increasing at an alarming rate.
地球上资源的消耗正以惊人的速度增长。
*We should adopt the consumers’ reasonable suggestions.
我们应该采纳消费者的合理建议。
【词块积累】
(1)consume sth. 消耗/吃掉/花费某物
be consumed with 受……的折磨; 充满
(2)consumer n. 消费者
consumption n. 消耗; 消费
“吃”法有不同
eat普通用词, 既可用于人, 也可用于动物。
dine正式用词, 可指任何一餐, 也指特殊用餐。
have可与eat换用, 但强调一次性的动作。
consume侧重痛痛快快地吃得一干二净。
swallow主要指 “咽”, 常指匆匆忙忙地吃。
【熟词生义】
The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighborhood. (vt. 烧毁; 毁灭)
大火很快烧毁了附近的旧木房子。
(1)语法填空
①There is no denying that such ratings might bring convenience to consumers (consume).
②Computers account for 5% of the country’s commercial electricity consumption (consume).
③Alcohol can damage the liver and do great harm if consumed (consume) in large quantities.
(2)同义替换
I was suddenly full of (=consumed with) curiosity about him.
7. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
又累又饿, 而且一个汉字也不认识, 我们压根儿不知道如何点餐, 于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物, 那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。
【句式解构】
形容词或形容词短语可以作状语, 表示方式、伴随、原因、时间、条件、让步等。
﹡(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)He had tried to coax the dog to him but, frightened, it had run off. (伴随)
他曾试图把狗哄到他身边, 但狗吓坏了, 跑掉了。
﹡Brave, good and strong, Xiulian is the character we care about most. (原因)
勇敢、善良、坚强, 秀莲是我们最关心的人物。
*Ripe, these apples are sweet.
这些苹果熟了, 味道很甜。(时间/条件)
*Wet or fine, he always gets up at six and takes a walk in the park.
不管是晴天还是下雨天, 他总是六点钟起床, 并到公园里散散步。(让步)
(1)When the policeman stopped us, we all looked questioningly at him, nervous and puzzled(紧张又困惑).
(2)Tom stared at the footprint, full of fear(充满了恐惧).
(3)Angry with the girl for oversleeping, Mr Green went down to wake her.
格林先生下去叫醒她, 是因为这个女孩睡过了头惹恼了他。
8. On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans.
另一方面, 它确实告诉我们很多关于美国人的事情。
【句式解构】
助动词does或do加在动词原形前面表示对谓语动词的强调, 它属于一般现在时的强调句式用法。如果是对一般过去时的强调, 则用助动词did。
﹡He does like singing.
他确实喜欢唱歌。
﹡Please! Do be quiet a moment!
求求你们! 安静一会儿!
﹡That’s exactly what Reed did say.
里德确实是那样说的。
【巧学助记】
(1)does+动词原形, 强调现在的动作(主语是单数形式)
(2)do+动词原形, 强调现在的动作(主语是复数形式)
(3)did+动词原形, 强调过去的动作(无单复数形式)
(1)I do hope that you won’t lose heart and will keep on learning Chinese.
我真的希望你不要灰心, 继续学习中文。
(2)Sitting in front of the screen does damage the eyes and physical posture of children.
坐在屏幕前确实会损害孩子的眼睛和身体姿势。
【要点拾遗】
1. elegant adj. 精美的, 文雅的; 讲究的
*He is one of the richest and most elegant gentlemen and lives an elegant life.
他是最富有、最优雅的绅士之一, 并且过着优雅的生活。
*The young woman is tall, with a figure of perfect elegance.
这位年轻女士身材高挑, 举止优雅。
*Some advertisements are so elegantly presented that we are inspired or even moved.
有些广告是呈现得如此优雅, 以至于我们受到启发, 甚至被感动。
【词块积累】
(1)the elegant way 优雅的方式
elegant manners 举止优雅
(2)elegance n. 优雅
(3)elegantly adv. 优雅地
(1)语法填空
①The carpet adds an air of elegance (elegant) to the room.
②Jane danced the most elegantly (elegant) of all the students in the class.
(2)(2019·天津高考) I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.
这句话优美的发音方式给了我极大的启发。
2. stable adj. 稳定的, 牢固的; 稳重的
*However, his visit in his present condition will disturb the children’s stable life.
但是, 以他目前的状况来看, 他的来访会扰乱孩子们稳定的生活。
*Due to his negative behavior, he is always regarded as the most unstable element of the team.
由于他的消极行为, 他总被视为团队中最不稳定的因素。
【词块积累】
(1)stable life 稳定的生活
(2)unstable adj. 不稳定的
(3)stability n. 稳定
【易混辨析】
stable和steady在表示 “稳定” 或 “巩固” 方面有几乎相同的意思并常可互换。
stable更侧重“稳固, 固定, 不变”, 如 a stable table, a stable job。
steady更侧重“平稳, 规律性”, 如a steady increase, a steady wind, a steady speed。
语法填空
(1)Without this balance in the cycle, the system becomes unstable (stable).
(2)The older generation of Chinese cares more about social stability (stable) while the younger generation cares more about education and environment.
拓视野·观天下
1. Prior to the pandemic, we were already providing food to 250, 000 people a month—more than ever before in our history.
在疫情之前, 我们已经每月向25万人提供粮食——这是我们历史上的最高水平。
2. Each year it hosts many activities, such as forums on the Chinese economy and culture, Chinese cuisine festivals and Spring Festival gala.
每年它都会举办许多活动, 比如中国经济和文化论坛、中国烹饪节和春节联欢晚会。
3. In Chengdu, one of the UNESCO Creative Cities of Gastronomy, cuisine comes not only from elegant restaurants but also from street food.
成都是联合国教科文组织认定的美食创意城市之一, 这里的美食不仅来自优雅的餐馆, 还来自街头小吃。
4. Cantonese dim sum plays a crucial background role in everything from wontons to bean curd rolls. 广东点心, 在从云吞到豆腐卷的一切事物中都扮演着关键的背景角色。
PAGE
15Unit 3 Food and Culture Using Language
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. my favorite dessert 我最喜欢的甜食
2. the Student Canteen/Cafeteria 学生食堂/餐厅
3. red braised pork 红烧肉
4. somewhat excited and curious 有些激动和好奇
5. be high in calorie 高热量/卡路里
6. the American Medical Association 美国医学协会
7. regardless of time and space 无论时间和空间
8. different categories of fresh foods 各种新鲜食物
9. be full of vitamins and fibre 富含维生素和纤维
10. quantities of sugar 大量的糖
11. the ideal diet 理想的饮食
12. a fundamental key 一种基调
13. chew too quickly 咀嚼得太快
14. consistent eating habits 一致的饮食习惯
15. one trick to healthy eating 健康饮食的一个诀窍
Ⅱ. 根据提示用恰当的短语填空
1. What’s more, good habits contribute to (有助于)success.
2. It represents in the style of Chinese paintings countless brave warriors in white fighting at the frontier regardless of(不管, 不顾) their own safety.
3. There is much debate nowadays as to what makes up (组成) a healthy diet.
4. He now discovers that they have been going south instead of(而不是) north.
5. If we continue to argue over(为……争论) the minor points we won’t get anywhere near a solution.
6. The best thing to do is to limit yourself to (把你自己限制在) 1, 000 calories a day to try to lose weight.
7. In other words (换句话说), there are three times as many girls as boys.
8. If you want to cut down on (削减) salt, there are plenty of simple things to do.
9. As with (和……一样) everything in life, moderation is key.
10. In addition(此外), your teaching is beneficial for me to broaden my horizons.
根据课文及汉语意思提示补全句子
1. However, there is increasing evidence that (越来越多的证据表明) the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar.
2. And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than (是……的两倍) people who receive less than 10% a day.
3. Put more simply, while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous (高脂肪食物是否危险), we already know that sugar is a killer.
4. It is up to you (取决于你) to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.
阅读精析·合作学习
Task 1 框架宏观建构: 整体理解
1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks
2. What’s the main idea of this passage
The passage is mainly about the suggestions about healthy eating.
Task 2 文本微观剖析: 细节探究
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)What is the main cause of ill health
A. Taking too much sugar.
B. Eating too much fat.
C. Having too many calories.
D. Taking less exercise.
(2)In which way do people mainly take in extra sugar
A. By eating extra desserts.
B. By overeating each meal.
C. Through vegetables and sweets.
D. Through sweets and sweet drinks.
(3)What is an ideal diet
A. One without fat.
B. One that is balanced.
C. One without sugar.
D. One with vegetables.
(4)What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4
A. What to eat to be fit.
B. When to eat each meal.
C. How to eat healthily.
D. Why to eat quickly.
(5)What is the writer’s attitude to eating
A. Eat to live. B. Live to eat.
C. Eat for fun. D. Eat to enjoy.
答案: (1)～(5)ADBCA
2. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
Healthy eating
Sugar is a killer (1)Cut down on desserts and sweet drinks.
A balanced diet Eat (2)fresh foods rather than (3)processed foods.
A fundamental key Eat (4)slowly and eat a modest amount of food each time.
A trick Have a healthy (5)attitude towards food
3. Long sentence analysis.
(1)It is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy
形式主语 不定式短语作主语
products in your diet, as they provide the necessary protein
从属连词“因为”
for strong bones and muscle growth.
译文: 在你的饮食中摄入一些肉类、豆类或奶制品也很重要, 因为它们提供了强健骨骼和肌肉生长所必需的蛋白质。
(2)What this means is that people who chew too quickly
主语从句 表语从句 表语从句中的定语从句
end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry.
表语从句中的原因状语从句
译文: 这意味着, 咀嚼太快的人最终会吃太多的食物, 因为他们仍然感到饥饿。
课文语法填空
More and more evidence shows that the real driver of poor health is sugar, (1)which exists mainly in sweets and sweet drinks we take every day. Those who receive 25% of their (2)daily(day) calories from sweets and sweet drinks are more likely (3)to have(have) heart disease. So scientists recommend that we limit (4)ourselves(we) to less than 100-150 calories a day from sugar. That is to say, we should eat less than a candy bar a day. Instead, we should consume different (5)categories (category) of fresh fruit and vegetables. As with everything in life, moderation is key. The ideal diet (6)is(be) a balanced one, without too much (7) or too little of any one thing.
(8)Eating(eat) slowly is also a fundamental key to being healthy, because it will cause us to eat less and it is (9)beneficial(benefit) to the digestion. It is also better to eat a modest amount of food each time, rather (10)than to eat a lot in one meal, and then a little in the next.
要点精研·探究学习
1. somewhat adv. 有点, 稍微
*(2021·浙江高考)Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. 然而, 为了寻找其他志同道合的人, 保罗在网上这个不太可能的地方开始寻找。
*Things have changed somewhat since then.
从那时候起, 情况就有些不一样了。
*Somehow Karin managed to cope with the demands of her career.
不知怎么地, 卡琳设法应付了那些来自工作的要求。
*Anyhow, this doesn’t prevent the Internet from becoming our friend. 无论如何, 这并不妨碍互联网成为我们的朋友。
【词块积累】
somehow 不知怎么地; 以某种方式; 莫名其妙地
anyhow 总之; 无论如何; 不管怎样
选词填空(somewhat, somehow, anyhow)
(1)The price was somewhat higher than I’d expected.
(2)Anyhow, knowledge can be learned not only from books but also through activities.
(3)Don’t worry. We’ll get the money back somehow.
2. association n. 协会; 关联
* My name is Li Hua. And I am writing to apply for being a volunteer of our School English Association.
我叫李华。我写信是为了申请成为我们学校英语协会的志愿者。
*My association with him goes back to our days in high school.
我和他的交往可以追溯至高中时代。
*In western cultures, red is associated with power, control, and strength.
在西方文化中, 红色与权力、控制和力量联系在一起。
【词块积累】
(1)association with. . . 与……的交往/联系
in association with. . . 与……联系; 与……联合
(2)associate v. 联想; 联系, 使关联
associate with. . . 联合; 与……联系在一起
(3)associated adj. 关联的; 联系的
be associated with. . . 与……有联系的
【知识延伸】
表示“与……有联系”的动词短语还有be connected with, be related to, have a link with等。
(1)语法填空
①The association (associate)was formed to represent the interests of women artists.
②Dogs were also associated (associate) with healing in the ancient world.
(2)Mother warned the boys not to associate with bad companions.
母亲告诫孩子们别和坏人交往。
3. quantity n. 数量; 数额
*Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity.
专家说, 表扬的质量比表扬的数量更重要。
*If all people cut down on food waste, a large quantity of food can be saved and more people will be fed.
如果所有的人都减少食物浪费, 大量的食物可以被节省, 更多的人将被养活。
*I hear quantities of money have been collected for the earthquake-hit area.
我听说已经为地震灾区筹集了大量的资金。
【词块积累】
a large/small quantity of 大/少量的
(large) quantities of 大量的
in quantity 大量地
含quantity的短语作主语, 谓语动词如何用
含quantity的短语作主语时, 其谓语动词与quantity的单复数保持一致。a large quantity of和large quantities of 既可以修饰可数名词, 也可以修饰不可数名词。
语法填空
(1)A large quantity of money has been collected (collect) to help those suffering from the floods.
(2)In the first place, vehicles send out large quantities of poisonous gases which are (be) a major source of air pollution.
(3)Quantities (quantity) of food and tents were sent to earthquake-stricken areas from Shandong.
4. fundamental adj. 根本的; 基础的; 基本的
*Hard work is fundamental to success.
努力工作是成功的基础。
*Fundamentally, there are two different approaches to the problem.
从根本上说, 这个问题有两种不同的处理方法。
【词块积累】
(1)be fundamental to 对……很重要
fundamental change 根本改变; 根本变化
fundamental principle 根本原则; 基本原理
(2)fundamentally adv. 根本地, 从根本上
(3)fundamental n. 基本规律, 根本法则
【易混辨析】
fundamental 书面用词, 指作为基础、根本的抽象事物
basic 普通用词, 指明确、具体的基础或起点
essential 语气比basic和fundamental强, 强调必不可少
vital 侧重指维持生命、活力必不可少的, 或生死攸关的
语法填空
(1)He believes better relations with China are fundamental to the well-being of the area.
(2)Only through these measures could noise problem be solved fundamentally(fundamental).
【补偿训练】
选词填空(fundamental, basic, vital, essential)
(1)For the experiment to be valid, it is essential to record the data accurately.
(2)It is vital to get medical supplies to the area as soon as possible.
(3)Moderate exercise is fundamental to good health.
(4)The crisis has led to price rises in basic foodstuffs, such as meat, cheese and sugar.
5. consistent adj. 一致的; 连续的
*Under it’s consistent pull, bite and push, the wire fence was finally torn open with loud noises.
在它不断的拉、咬、推下, 铁丝栅栏终于在巨大的噪音中被撕开了。
*We need to be consistent in our approach.
我们必须在方法上保持一致。
*New goals are not always consistent with the existing policies.
新目标并不总是与现行政策一致。
*He consistently matches his words with his action.
他总是言行一致。
【词块积累】
(1)be consistent in 在……一致
be consistent with 和……一致/相符
(2)consistently adv. 一贯地; 一致地
(1)语法填空
①His action is always consistent with his words.
②Whatever method you choose, you must consistently(consistent) stick with it.
(2)It is our consistent position to support the political solution to the conflict in the country.
支持政治解决该国的冲突是我们的一贯立场。
6. regardless of 不管; 不顾
*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Regardless of the risk of getting infected, Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job.
李叔叔不顾感染的危险, 对工作负责, 尽心尽力。
*He went ahead and did it, regardless of the consequences.
他说干就干了, 没有考虑后果。
【词块积累】
(1)regardless of+从句 不管……, 不顾……, 强调不认为……重要, 从而不加以重视或考虑
(2)despite=in spite of 尽管; 不管; 虽然(后常接名词, 不接从句)
(3)with regard to 关于; 至于
(4)best regards 最好的祝福(用于书信结尾)
regardless of与despite意义相近, 但后者是介词, 无需再接of, 可以直接接宾语。
(1)语法填空
①She is determined to do it regardless of all consequences.
②Dr. Bethune continued working in spite of cutting (cut) his hand during an operation.
(2)With regard to my favorite Chinese poet, I’d like to introduce Du Fu to you.
至于我最喜欢的中国诗人, 我想向你介绍杜甫。
7. rather than 而不是
*Rather than scolding me, he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize to our neighbor.
他没有责骂我, 反而称赞我的诚实, 然后鼓励我向邻居道歉。
*I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cellphone or cut off the Internet.
我宁愿关掉电视, 也不愿关掉手机或切断网络。
【词块积累】
would do. . . rather than do. . . 宁愿做……, 也不愿做……
other than 不同于; 除了……外
or rather 更确切地说
more than 多于; 不仅仅; 非常
rather than用来连接两个对等成分。当其连接两个名词或代词作主语时, 谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
Achievements are reached by hard work rather than recreation. Actions are done after thorough consideration rather than casual decision.
业精于勤荒于嬉, 行成于思毁于随。
(出自韩愈的《进学解》, 意为“学业由于勤奋而精通, 但它却能荒废在游戏玩耍中。事情由于反复思考而成功, 但它却能毁灭于不经大脑的随性。”)
(1)语法填空
①It means we would try hard to live a rich life rather than give up easily.
②I feel it is you rather than the boy who are (be) to blame for being late for the speech.
③She worked as a secretary, or rather, a personal assistant.
(2)重要的是你做什么, 而不是你说什么。(rather than)
译: It is what you do rather than what you say that matters.
8. The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100-150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candy bar. 美国心脏协会建议, 每天从糖中摄取的热量应控制在100-150卡路里以内, 这比一听甜饮料或一块糖果所含的热量要少。
【句式解构】
recommend +宾语从句(从句谓语用动词原形或should +动词原形)。另外, 常用的句式还有: It is/It’s recommended that sb. (should) do sth. 表示“建议……(做某事)”。
*Could you recommend a teacher to us
你能给我们推荐一位老师吗
*I recommend that you talk about the courses on traditional Chinese culture you’ve attended.
我建议你谈谈你参加过的有关中国传统文化的课程。
(1)这类动词常见的有: 一个坚持 insist, 两个命令command order, 三个建议 advise suggest propose, 四个要求demand require request urge等。
(2)当insist表示“坚持认为; 坚持说”; suggest表示“暗示, 表明”时, 后面宾语从句的谓语不用should+动词原形。例如:
①The young man insisted that he did nothing wrong.
这个年轻人坚持认为他没有做错。
②The girl’s pale face suggested that she was ill and I suggested that she (should)go to see the doctor at once.
这个女孩苍白的脸色表明她病了, 我建议她马上去看医生。
(1)语法填空
①Can you recommend to me a good dictionary
②He recommended reading (read) the book before seeing the movie.
(2)句型转换
He recommended us to read the novel.
=He recommended that we (should) read the novel.
(3)Some are already recommending the traditional Chinese dress (推荐中国传统服装) for the welcome ceremony.
(4)It’s recommended that you surf the Internet(建议你上网) for related information about the origin of traditional Chinese musical instruments before you attend the lecture.
【要点拾遗】
1. overall adv. 总体上; 大致上
adj. 全面的; 综合的; 一切在内的
*(2020·江苏高考) For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.
一方面, 过去几十年的全面发展如此引人注目, 以至于他们渴望熟悉中国正在发生的事情。
*Overall, the prices are still rising.
大体上看来, 价格仍在上涨。
【词块积累】
in general 通常; 一般地
as a whole 整个地; 作为一个整体
(1)Tencent will provide overall technical support(全面的技术支持), platform R&D and cloud services for the Canton Fair.
(2)Another problem is that, in general(在一般情况下), the quality of employers is lower than on recruiting platforms such as Zhaopin, a leading human resources services provider.
(3)By doing so, China gained even more trust of not only those countries but also the international community as a whole(整个).
(4)这个屋子的总面积是80平方米。
译: The overall measurement of this room is 80 square meters.
2. trick n. 诡计; 计谋; 把戏; 恶作剧; 窍门vt. 欺骗; 诈骗
*The boys hid Jon’s bike to play a trick on him.
男孩子们把乔恩的自行车藏起来捉弄他。
*It’s a tradition to play tricks on others on April Fool’s Day.
在愚人节那天捉弄别人是一个传统。
*After being tricked once, one should learn from one’s mistakes and avoid being tricked again.
上当一次以后, 要从错误中吸取教训, 避免再次上当。
【词块积累】
play a trick on sb. =play tricks on sb.
捉弄某人
avoid being tricked 避免上当/受骗
trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事
【知识延伸】
表示“捉弄, 开玩笑”的其他表达: play a joke on sb. , play jokes on sb. , make fun of sb. , tease/ laugh at sb. 等。
(1)语法填空
①He played a trick on her by jumping out from behind a wall as she passed.
②Do you have tricks (trick) for keeping the sweat and sunscreen out of your eyes
(2)I can’t believe that I was tricked into thinking she was my friend. 我简直不敢相信我被骗了, 会认为她是我的朋友。
3. It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.
你可以决定你想要怎样生活, 并对你的饮食做出正确的决定。
【句式解构】
It is/was up to sb. to do sth. 意为“该由某人做某事; 取决于某人”, up后的to是介词。相当于 It is/was sb. ‘s duty to do sth. 。例如:
*It is up to him to clean our classroom today.
今天应由他打扫我们的教室。
*It is up to parents to teach their children manners.
该由父母教孩子礼仪。
(1)It is up to them to decide the time and the route of their journey. 时间和行程由他们决定。
(2)It is not up to you to tell me how to do my job.
用不着你来告诉我怎样做我自己的工作。
读写结合·表达升级
写一篇关于健康饮食的文章
饮食话题因其与健康的生活方式息息相关而显得尤为重要, 食物的营养、食物的平衡、 食物的有机生产与污染、食物的制作方法与食用习惯、食物与传统文化的关系、饮食与健康等, 都是有关食物的常见话题。根据写作要求和目的的不同, 一篇文章一般从一个角度写, 突出重点, 不宜面面俱到。
人们的健康很大程度上受制于饮食习惯。请你写一篇英语作文, 就如何养成良好的饮食习惯发表你的看法。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右。2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
·完成句子
1. 健康的饮食习惯对我们的健康非常重要。
Healthy eating habits are very important for our health.
2. 我们应该每天吃新鲜的蔬菜和水果, 因为它们为我们提供了维生素。
We should eat fresh vegetables and fruit every day, as they supply vitamins to us.
3. 早上或晚上喝一杯牛奶也是有益的。
A glass of milk in the morning or at night is also beneficial.
4. 我们应该注重均衡饮食, 它保证我们必要的营养。
We should focus on a balanced diet and it assures us the necessary nutrients.
5. 垃圾食品是我们的健康的致命杀手, 所以我们应该远离它。
Junk food is a fatal killer for our health, so we should stay away from it.
6. 不吃早餐是一个很坏的习惯, 这对我们的健康有很大的危害。
It is a very bad habit to skip breakfast, which does great harm to our health.
7. 我们应该吃健康的食物, 保持精力充沛。
We should eat healthy food to keep ourselves energetic.
·句式升级
8. 用定语从句改写句4。
We should focus on a balanced diet, which assures us the necessary nutrients.
9. 用动名词短语作主语改写句6。
Skipping breakfast is a very bad habit, which does great harm to our health.
Healthy eating habits are very important for our health. But how can we form a healthy eating habit
In my opinion, we should eat fresh vegetables and fruit every day, as they supply vitamins to us. A glass of milk in the morning or at night is also beneficial. Besides, we should focus on a balanced diet, which assures us the necessary nutrients.
Junk food is a fatal killer for our health, so we should stay away from it. What’s more, skipping breakfast is a very bad habit, which does great harm to our health.
All in all, we should eat healthy food to keep ourselves energetic.
1. 话题词汇
(1)diet 饮食
(2)balanced 平衡的
(3)junk food 垃圾食品
(4)tasty 美味的
(5)authentic 正宗的
(6)organic 有机的
(7)intake 摄入
(8)dairy products 奶制品
(9)nutritious 有营养的
(10)frozen food 冷冻食品
(11)recipe 食谱
(12)low-calorie 低热量的
(13)appetizer 开胃点心
(14)main course 主菜
(15)side dish 配菜
(16)dessert 餐后甜食
(17)snack 小吃
(18)delicious 美味的
(19)hot 辣的
(20)stir fry 煸炒
(21)steaming 清蒸
2. 话题句式
(1)How would you like your steak
你的牛排要几分熟
(2)I don’t eat junk food anymore. I’d like to try some healthy foods.
我再也不吃垃圾食品了, 我想吃一些健康的食物。
(3)In my opinion, we should develop good healthy eating habits. 在我看来, 我们应该养成良好的健康饮食习惯。
(4)An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 每天一个苹果, 疾病远离我。
(5)Some soup before dinner, healthy body forever.
饭前喝口汤, 永远没灾殃。
(6)Diet cures more than doctors.
自己饮食有节, 胜过上门求医。
(7)Eat at pleasure. drink with measure. 随意吃饭, 适度饮酒。
(8)Too much fatty food makes me sick. 吃太多的油腻食物让我恶心。
(9)My favorite food is apples.
我最喜欢吃苹果。
(10)Is the meat fresh enough
肉新鲜吗
(11)Help me peel these potatoes please. 请帮我把土豆削皮。
(12)Add some soy sauce. 加点酱油。
主题活动·话题实践
Ⅰ. 语用功能表达
·点菜常用语
1. May I have a menu, please 请给我菜单。
2. May I order, please 我可以点餐了吗
3. Do you have a menu in Chinese 你们有中文菜单吗
4. What is the specialty of the house 餐厅的招牌菜是什么
5. Would you like something to drink before dinner
在用晚餐前你想喝些什么吗
6. Can I have the same dish as that
我可以点与那份相同的餐吗
7. Do you have today’s special 你们有今日特餐吗
8. I’d like appetizers and meat (fish) dish.
我想要一份开胃菜与排餐(鱼餐)。
9. I have to avoid food containing fat (salt/sugar).
我必须避免含油脂(盐分/糖分)的食物。
10. Do you have vegetarian dishes 你们是否供应素食餐
11. Could you recommend some good wine
你是否可以推荐一些不错的酒
·餐馆服务员迎客用语
1. Sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 对不起, 让您久等了。
2. Have you booked a table 您预订餐桌了吗
3. Have you made a reservation 您预订了吗
4. Smoking or non-smoking 吸烟区还是非烟区
5. Would you like something to drink 您想喝点东西吗
6. Would you like to see the menu 您要看菜单吗
7. Are you ready to order 您现在要点餐吗
8. OK, I’ll be back with your order. 好的, 我这就把您点的菜拿来。
9. What would you like to drink 您想喝点什么
10. Would you like coffee or tea 您要咖啡还是茶
11. Would you mind sitting over there in the corner
您介意坐在那边的角落里吗
12. Please enjoy your lunch(dinner). 祝您午餐(晚餐)愉快。
13. Here you are. Please pay the bill at the cashier’s desk.
这是账单, 请到收银台结账。
Ⅱ. 话题情境交流
下面是一段餐馆里的对话, 请根据语境补全对话。
A: 1. Are you ready(你准备好) to order now, madam
B: Yes, please. I’d like the steak and mushrooms.
A: 2. How would you like(你想要) your steak, rare, medium, or well-done
B: I’d like it well-done, please.
A: What kind of potatoes would you like to 3. go with(搭配) that, mashed, boiled, or baked
B: I think I’ll have baked potatoes. And I 4. also want to have(还想要) an ice tea with lemon on the side, please.
A: Good, and would you care for soup or salad to 5. start with(开始)
B: I’d like cream onion soup please.
A: Will you have some dessert, madam
B: I want to skip dessert. That’s all, thank you.
A: OK, I’ll be with you 6. in a moment(稍等片刻).
名著悦读·素养培优
Pride and Prejudice(excerpt)
It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of someone or other of their daughters.
“My dear Mr Bennet, ” said his lady to him one day, “have you heard that Netherfield Park is let at last ”
Mr Bennet replied that he had not.
“But it is, ” returned she, “ for Mrs Long has just been here, and she told me all about it. ”
Mr Bennet made no answer.
“Do not you want to know who has taken it ” cried his wife impatiently.
“You want to tell me, and I have no objection to hearing it. ”
This was invitation enough.
“Why, my dear, you must know, Mrs Long says that Netherfield is taken by a young man of large fortune from the north of England; that he came down on Monday in a chaise(马车) and four to see the place, and was so much delighted with it that he agreed with Mr Morris immediately; that he is to take possession before Michaelmas, and some of his servants are to be in the house by the end of next week. ”
“What is his name ”
“Bingley. ”
“Is he married or single ”
“Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls! ”
“How so How can it affect them ”
“My dear Mr Bennet, ” replied his wife, “how can you be so tiresome! You must know that I am thinking of his marrying one of them. ”
“Is that his design in settling here ”
“Design! Nonsense, how can you talk so! But it is very likely that he may fall in love with one of them, and therefore you must visit him as soon as he comes. ”
“I see no occasion for that. You and the girls may go, or you may send them by themselves, which perhaps will be still better; for as you are as beautiful as any of them, Mr Bingley might like you the best of the party. ”
“My dear, you flatter me. I certainly have had my share of beauty, but I do not pretend to be anything extraordinary now. When a woman has five grown-up daughters, she ought to give over thinking of her own beauty. ”
“In such cases, a woman has not often much beauty to think of. ”
“But, my dear, you must indeed go and see Mr Bingley when he comes into the neighbourhood. ”
“It is more than I engage for, I assure you. ”
“But consider your daughters. Only think what an establishment it would be for one of them. Sir William and Lady Lucas are determined to go, merely on that account, for in general, you know they visit no new comers. Indeed you must go, for it will be impossible for us to visit him, if you do not. ”
“You are overscrupulous, surely. I dare say Mr Bingley will be very glad to see you; and I will send a few lines by you to assure him of my hearty consent to his marrying which-ever he chooses of the girls; though I must throw in a good word for my little Lizzy. ”
《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice)是英国著名女作家简·奥斯汀(Jane Austen)的经典作品。该小说主要描写了男女主人公达西和伊丽莎白之间的爱情故事。小说以男女主人公因傲慢和偏见而产生的爱情纠葛为故事线索, 共写了四起姻缘, 生动地反映了18世纪末到19世纪初处于保守和闭塞状态的英国乡镇生活和世态人情。
1. acknowledge v. 承认
2. property n. 财产, 所有权
3. servant n. 仆人
4. tiresome adj. 无聊的, 烦人的
5. extraordinary adj. 非凡的, 特别的
6. engage for 保证
7. assure v. 保证, 担保
8. consent v. &n. 同意, 准许
1. (语言能力)What does the word “flatter” mean in the passage
A. Laugh on purpose.
B. Praise dishonestly.
答案: B
2. (思维品质)Why was Mrs Bennet happy about the coming of Bingley
Because she was thinking of his marrying one of her daughters.
3. (思维品质)Why did Mrs Bennet say Sir William and Lady Lucas were also determined to visit Bingley
They never visited new comers, but Bingley was a very rich man, so they decided to visit him for their own purposes.
4. (文化意识)What can you learn from what Mrs Bennet did
In the capitalist society money means everything.
读后感悟: __________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
译文:
《傲慢与偏见》(节选)
凡是有钱的单身汉, 总想娶位太太, 这已经成了一条举世公认的真理。
这样的单身汉, 每逢新搬到一个地方, 四邻八舍虽然完全不了解他的性情如何、见解如何, 可是, 既然这样的一条真理早已在人们心中根深蒂固, 人们总是把他看作自己某一个女儿理所应得的一笔财产。
有一天班纳特太太对她的丈夫说: “我的好老爷, 尼日斐庭院终于租出去了, 你听说过没有 ”
班纳特先生回答, 他没有听说过。
“的确租出去了, ”她说, “朗格太太刚刚上这里来过, 她把这件事的底细, 一五一十地告诉了我。”
班纳特先生没有理睬她。
“你难道不想知道是谁租去的吗 ”太太不耐烦地嚷起来了。
“既然你要说给我听, 我听听也无妨。”
这句话足够鼓励她讲下去了。
“哦, 亲爱的, 你得知道, 朗格太太说, 租尼日斐庭院的是个阔少爷, 他是英格兰北部的人。听说星期一那天, 他乘着一辆四匹马拉的车来看房子, 看得非常中意, 当场就和莫理斯先生谈妥了。他要在米迦勒节以前搬进来, 打算下个周末先叫几个佣人来住。”
“这个人叫什么名字 ”
“彬格莱。”
“有太太呢, 还是单身汉 ”
“噢! 是个单身汉, 亲爱的, 确确实实是个单身汉! 一个有钱的单身汉; 每年有四五千镑的收入。真是女儿们的福气! ”
“这怎么说 关女儿们什么事 ”
“我的好老爷, ”太太回答道: “你怎么这样叫人讨厌! 告诉你吧, 我正在盘算, 他要是挑中我们的一个女儿做老婆, 可多好! ”
“他住到这里来, 就是为了这个打算吗 ”
“打算! 胡扯, 这是哪儿的话! 不过, 他倒很可能看中我们的某一个女儿呢。因此, 他一搬来, 你就得去拜访拜访他。”
“我不用去。你带着女儿们去就得了, 要不你干脆打发她们自己去, 那或许倒更好些, 因为你跟女儿们比起来, 她们哪一个都不能胜过你的美貌, 你去了, 彬格莱先生倒可能挑中你呢。”
“我的好老爷, 你太捧我啦。从前也的确有人赞赏过我的美貌, 现在我可不敢说有什么出众的地方了。当一个女人有了五个成年的女儿时, 她就不该对自己的美貌再有什么念头。”
“这样看来, 一个女人对自己的美貌也没有多少念头喽。”
“不过, 我的好老爷, 彬格莱一搬到我们的邻近来, 你的确应该去看看他。”
“老实跟你说吧, 这不是我分内的事。”
“看在女儿的份上吧。只请你想一想, 她们不论哪一个, 要是攀上了这样一个人家, 该多么好。威廉先生和卢卡斯女士已经决定去拜访他, 他们也无非是这个用意。你知道, 他们通常是不会拜访新搬来的邻居的。你的确应该去一次, 要是你不去, 叫我们怎么去。”
“你实在过分谨慎啦。彬格莱先生一定高兴看到你的; 我可以写封信给你带去, 就说随便他挑中我哪一个女儿, 我都心甘情愿地答应他把她娶过去; 不过, 我得特别替小莉兹吹嘘几句。”
PAGE
22Unit 3 Food and Culture
【单元脉图·素养导引】
【聆听经典·话题热身】
《健康食物之歌》以歌曲的形式提醒人们不吃或少吃不健康的食物, 鼓励人们多吃健康食物。歌曲中涉及多种不健康和健康的食物, 大家可以欣赏!
注: 听音填空
The healthy food song
Stop eating that! Stop eating that! Sugary food!
Stop eating that! Stop eating that! Fatty food!
It’s bad for you! It’s bad for you! ①Sugary food!
It’s bad for you! It’s bad for you! ②Fatty food!
Too much sugar is bad for you!
Too much sugar is bad for you!
Cake, soda and lollipops, too.
Cake, soda and lollipops, too.
Milk and ③dairy are good for you.
I like cheese and yoghurt too.
I like cheese and yoghurt too.
Meat and fish are good for you.
Start eating ④healthy food.
Bread and cereals are good for you.
Start eating healthy food.
Stop eating that! Stop eating that! Sugary food!
Stop eating that! Stop eating that! Fatty food!
It’s bad for you! It’s bad for you! Sugary food!
It’s bad for you! It’s bad for you! Fatty food!
Fatty food is bad for you.
Fatty food is bad for you.
Pizzas, donuts and ⑤hamburgers too.
Pizzas, donuts and hamburgers too.
Cabbages, broccoli and apples,
Cabbages, broccoli and apples,
Meat and fish are good for you.
Bread and cereals are good for you.
Milk and dairy are good for you.
Milk and dairy are good for you.
Fruit and vegetables are good for you.
歌词译文:
《健康食物之歌》
停止进食! 停止进食! 含糖的食物!
停止进食! 停止进食! 高脂肪食物!
这对你不好! 这对你不好! 含糖的食物!
这对你不好! 这对你不好! 高脂肪食物!
吃太多的糖对你不好!
吃太多的糖对你不好!
还有蛋糕、苏打水和棒棒糖。
还有蛋糕、苏打水和棒棒糖。
牛奶和奶制品对你有好处。
我也喜欢奶酪和酸奶。
我也喜欢奶酪和酸奶。
肉和鱼对你有好处。
开始吃健康的食物。
面包和谷类食品对你有好处。
开始吃健康的食物。
停止进食! 停止进食! 含糖的食物!
停止进食! 停止进食! 高脂肪食物!
这对你不好! 这对你不好! 含糖的食物!
这对你不好! 这对你不好! 高脂肪食物!
高脂肪食物对你有害。
高脂肪食物对你有害。
还有披萨、甜甜圈和汉堡包。
还有披萨、甜甜圈和汉堡包。
卷心菜, 花椰菜和苹果,
卷心菜, 花椰菜和苹果,
肉和鱼对你有好处。
面包和谷类食品对你有好处。
牛奶和奶制品对你有好处。
牛奶和奶制品对你有好处。
水果和蔬菜对你有好处。
PAGE
3
