形容词和副词
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2021·河南省安阳市高三二模)Although there is no universal agreement regarding where the virus ________(actual) originated, it spread worldwide during 1918-1919．
2．(2021·河南省洛阳市高三二模)________(late)，Cen digs up a board game，Xiangqi，which uses the same strategy(策略)．
3．(2021·河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)After traveling in space for seven months, China’s Tianwen-l probe(探测器) has reached Mars and ________(smooth) entered the orbit on February 10,2021, according to China National Space Administration.
4．(2021·云南省昆明市高三“三诊一模”模拟考试(三模))________(surprising)，her daughter Irene also won the Nobel Prize in chemistry.
5．(2021·甘肃兰州市高三一模)It’s also ________(nation) psychology.
6．(2021·贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州高三一模)This adds to a perfect storm of a mental health crisis, meaning children may not get the help they need and even ________(potential) leaving the generation lost to poverty and lifelong mental illness.
7．(2021·内蒙古包头市高三一模)Though handling the tiny needle with his big hands wasn’t easy at first, after three to five years of practice, Zhang said he had ________(great)improved his work, in terms of texture and detail.
8．(2021·江苏省扬州市高三考前调研测试)Our hippy-era name must never have sounded ________(suitable) than it does right now, if your passion for travel is_contained(contain) as you avoid mixing with others.
9．(2021·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期第三次模拟)Within a short space of time，she has ________(successful) passed HSK3 (Level 3 of the International Chinese Proficiency Test) and is now preparing for the higher-level exams.
10．(2021·河南六市高三一模)To our amazement(amaze), China has set a new record by developing and building(build) the world’s first locomotive prototype(机车原型)using high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology (HTS Maglev高温超导磁悬浮技术)and the trains will run ________(fast) than any other train in the world as they have been designed to run at a speed of 620 kilometers per hour.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2021·新疆高三一模)To my absolutely horror, it was no longer on the ground but it was in the air.
2．(2021·河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)The visit was a greatly success and they were quite satisfied with it.
3．(2021·广西南宁市第二次适应性测试)They use the theory of leverage to picking up various kinds of food easy.
4．(2021·四川成都市高三一模)Three students thought it possibly to use their 3D printer to print a leg for the poor duck.
5．(2021·四川省达州市普通高中第二次诊断性测试)Three hours went by before we both felt hungrily，but all the restaurants were full of guests.
6．(2021·江西省宜丰中学高三一模) I believe I’m equally to the job.
7．(2021·河南六市高三一模)Thanks to her precious gift, I was final in time for the exam.
8．(2021·云南省昆明市高三“三诊一模”摸底诊断测试(二模))As a striker，I played hardly.
9．(2021·内蒙古呼和浩特市高三一模)Beside, some factories will pour waste into the air, the river and onto the ground, making it is hard to keep our city clean.
10．(2021·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期第三次模拟)As time goes by，the relationship between Lucky and me becomes close than before.
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·广东深圳市高三一模)
With a big smile on her face, Gan Youqin chats with her followers in her live-stream every night, trying __36__(promote) sales of oranges from her hometown, a small village in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.She, together with her teammates, __37__(help) villagers sell nearly 500,000 kilograms of oranges every week.The 40-year-old woman, who used to be a farmer and housewife, is now admired in her hometown __38__ her great success in boosting sales of farm produce.
Gan __39__(know) as one of the pioneers who shares country life and promotes sales of related products online.She was __40__(initial) encouraged by her nephew, who asked Gan to be the main character in his short videos __41__(feature) country life.As Gan’s fame grew, they began to sell fruit from their family orchard, __42__ soon fell short of demand.They then launched an e-commerce company selling various kinds of __43__(agriculture) products from all over the region.
Gan’s company has been __44__ great success and Gan has received lots of awards for her __45__(achieve)．She is now devoted to shooting videos and live-streaming, but is also planning to offer free training to those who love the industry.
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10 处，多者(从11处起)不计分。
(2021·河南省安阳市高三年级5月第三次模拟考试)
Dear David，
I have known from your letter that you will take the Chinese Proficiency Test, where makes you very nervous.That’s quite normal and you are not alone, so don’t worry too many about it.
That you should do is make full preparations for it.Firstly, get familiar with the issues related the Chinese Proficiency Test, included its targets, procedures, contents and rules.What’s the more, practice makes perfect.If you took a lot of practice every day, your language ability will improve steady.
Good luck.Work hard but I really hope you can get a good score in the tests.
Yours，
Li Hua形容词和副词
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2021·河南省安阳市高三二模)Although there is no universal agreement regarding where the virus ________(actual) originated, it spread worldwide during 1918-1919．
【答案】 actually
【解析】 考查副词。句意：虽然对于病毒的起源没有普遍的共识，但它在1918-1919年期间在全世界传播。修饰谓语动词originated应用副词。故填actually。
2．(2021·河南省洛阳市高三二模)________(late)，Cen digs up a board game，Xiangqi，which uses the same strategy(策略)．
【答案】 Later
【解析】 考查副词比较级。句意：随后，岑顺发掘出了一款棋盘游戏——象棋，也是采用同样的策略。此处位于句首，作状语，表示时间，因此要用副词比较级，later意为“随后，后来”。故填Later。
3．(2021·河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)After traveling in space for seven months, China’s Tianwen-l probe(探测器) has reached Mars and ________(smooth) entered the orbit on February 10,2021, according to China National Space Administration.
【答案】 smoothly
【解析】 考查副词。句意：中国国家航天局称，在太空旅行了7个月后，中国天问一号探测器抵达火星，并于2021年2月10日顺利进入轨道。空处修饰动词entered，应用副词。故填smoothly。
4．(2021·云南省昆明市高三“三诊一模”模拟考试(三模))________(surprising)，her daughter Irene also won the Nobel Prize in chemistry.
【答案】 Surprisingly
【解析】 考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，她的女儿艾琳也获得了诺贝尔化学奖。分析句子可知，空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故填Surprisingly。
5．(2021·甘肃兰州市高三一模)It’s also ________(nation) psychology.
【答案】 national
【解析】 考查形容词。句意：这也是一种民族心理。名词psychology前用形容词修饰。故填national。
6．(2021·贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州高三一模)This adds to a perfect storm of a mental health crisis, meaning children may not get the help they need and even ________(potential) leaving the generation lost to poverty and lifelong mental illness.
【答案】 potentially
【解析】 考查副词。句意：这加剧了心理健康危机的完美风暴，意味着孩子们可能得不到他们需要的帮助，甚至可能让这一代人迷失在贫困和终身精神疾病之中。修饰后文动词leave应用副词potentially，作状语。故填potentially。
7．(2021·内蒙古包头市高三一模)Though handling the tiny needle with his big hands wasn’t easy at first, after three to five years of practice, Zhang said he had ________(great)improved his work, in terms of texture and detail.
【答案】 greatly
【解析】 考查副词。句意：尽管一开始张彦的一双大手做不好精细的针线活，但经过三到五年的练习，张彦说他的作品在纹理和细节上都有了很大的提高。修饰动词improved可知，用副词形式。故填greatly。
8．(2021·江苏省扬州市高三考前调研测试)Our hippy-era name must never have sounded ________(suitable) than it does right now, if your passion for travel is_contained(contain) as you avoid mixing with others.
【答案】 more suitable
【解析】 考查形容词比较级。句意：我们嬉皮时代的名字听起来一定比现在更合适，如果你对旅行的热情克制，避免与他人混在一起的话。根据后文than it does right now可知，这里应该用形容词的比较级more suitable。故填more suitable。
9．(2021·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期第三次模拟)Within a short space of time，she has ________(successful) passed HSK3 (Level 3 of the International Chinese Proficiency Test) and is now preparing for the higher-level exams.
【答案】 successfully
【解析】 考查副词。句意：在很短的时间内，她成功通过了国际汉语水平测试三级(HSK3)，目前正在准备更高级别的考试。应使用副词“成功地”来修饰动词“通过”。故填successfully。
10．(2021·河南六市高三一模)To our amazement(amaze), China has set a new record by developing and building(build) the world’s first locomotive prototype(机车原型)using high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology (HTS Maglev高温超导磁悬浮技术)and the trains will run ________(fast) than any other train in the world as they have been designed to run at a speed of 620 kilometers per hour.
【答案】 faster
【解析】 考查副词比较级。句意：令我们惊讶的是，中国开发和建造了世界上第一个使用高温超导磁悬浮技术的机车原型，创造了新的记录，该列车的设计时速为620公里每小时，运行速度将超过世界上任何其他列车。由 than 可知此处应使用副词 fast 的比较级 faster，修饰动词run。故填faster。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2021·新疆高三一模)To my absolutely horror, it was no longer on the ground but it was in the air.
【答案】 absolutely→absolute
【解析】 考查形容词。句意：令我非常震惊的是，我的车已经不在地上而是在空中。该句子中应该使用形容词作定语来修饰名词horror，故将absolutely改为absolute。
2．(2021·河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)The visit was a greatly success and they were quite satisfied with it.
【答案】 greatly→great
【解析】 考查形容词。句意：这次参观非常成功，他们对此非常满意。修饰名词success，应使用形容词作定语。故将greatly改为great。
3．(2021·广西南宁市第二次适应性测试)They use the theory of leverage to picking up various kinds of food easy.
【答案】 easy→easily
【解析】 考查副词。句意：他们利用杠杆理论轻易地夹起各种食物。此处修饰动词短语pick up应用副词easily，作状语。故将easy改为easily。
4．(2021·四川成都市高三一模)Three students thought it possibly to use their 3D printer to print a leg for the poor duck.
【答案】 possibly→possible
【解析】 考查形容词。句意：三个学生认为用他们的3D打印机为可怜的鸭子打印一条腿是可能的。此处是“sb.＋ think ＋ it ＋ adj.＋ to do sth.”结构，it是形式宾语，动词不定式是真正宾语，形容词作宾补，用形容词possible。故将possibly改为possible。
5．(2021·四川省达州市普通高中第二次诊断性测试)Three hours went by before we both felt hungrily，but all the restaurants were full of guests.
【答案】 hungrily→hungry
【解析】 考查形容词。句意：三个小时过去了，我们都觉得饿了，但所有的餐厅都挤满了客人。作表语，所以用形容词。故将hungrily改为hungry。
6．(2021·江西省宜丰中学高三一模) I believe I’m equally to the job.
【答案】 equally→equal
【解析】 考查形容词。am是系动词，接形容词作表语，be equal to sth.“能够胜任”。故将equally改为equal。
7．(2021·河南六市高三一模)Thanks to her precious gift, I was final in time for the exam.
【答案】 final→finally
【解析】 考查副词。句意：多亏了她珍贵的礼物，我终于及时参加了考试。此处需用副词修饰整个句子，需用final的副词形式finally。故将final改为finally。
8．(2021·云南省昆明市高三“三诊一模”摸底诊断测试(二模))As a striker，I played hardly.
【答案】 hardly→hard
【解析】 考查副词。句意：作为一名前锋，我打得很努力。hardly意为“几乎不”，不合题意；结合句意，此处表示打球很努力，应用副词hard修饰动词played。故将hardly改为hard。
9．(2021·内蒙古呼和浩特市高三一模)Beside, some factories will pour waste into the air, the river and onto the ground, making it is hard to keep our city clean.
【答案】 Beside→Besides
【解析】 考查副词。句意：此外，一些工厂将废物倾倒到空气、河流和地面，使我们的城市很难保持干净。besides此外；而且；beside表示“在……旁边”。根据句意，故将Beside改为Besides。
10．(2021·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期第三次模拟)As time goes by，the relationship between Lucky and me becomes close than before.
【答案】 close→closer
【解析】 考查形容词。句意：随着时间的流逝，我和Lucky的关系变得比以前更亲密了。因为有than可知，此处表示比较，应用形容词close的比较级。故将close改为closer。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·广东深圳市高三一模)
With a big smile on her face, Gan Youqin chats with her followers in her live-stream every night, trying __36__(promote) sales of oranges from her hometown, a small village in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.She, together with her teammates, __37__(help) villagers sell nearly 500,000 kilograms of oranges every week.The 40-year-old woman, who used to be a farmer and housewife, is now admired in her hometown __38__ her great success in boosting sales of farm produce.
Gan __39__(know) as one of the pioneers who shares country life and promotes sales of related products online.She was __40__(initial) encouraged by her nephew, who asked Gan to be the main character in his short videos __41__(feature) country life.As Gan’s fame grew, they began to sell fruit from their family orchard, __42__ soon fell short of demand.They then launched an e-commerce company selling various kinds of __43__(agriculture) products from all over the region.
Gan’s company has been __44__ great success and Gan has received lots of awards for her __45__(achieve)．She is now devoted to shooting videos and live-streaming, but is also planning to offer free training to those who love the industry.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了40岁的农民和家庭主妇甘有琴通过分享乡村生活并在网上推广相关产品，在促进农产品销售方面取得了巨大成功。文章介绍了她的一些个人情况以及她所取得的成就。
36．to promote 考查非谓语动词。句意：甘有琴面带微笑，每晚都在直播中与粉丝聊天，努力推销来自广西壮族自治区一个小村庄的橘子。结合句意表示“努力做某事”可知短语为try to do sth.。故填to promote。
37．helps 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：她和队友们每周帮助村民们销售近50万公斤橘子。根据后文every week可知应用一般现在时，且主语后接介词短语together with her teammates时，不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定，即谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填helps。
38．for 考查介词。句意：这位40岁的妇女曾是一名农民和家庭主妇，现在在家乡很受人尊敬，因为她在促进农产品销售方面取得了巨大成功。结合句意表示“因……受人尊敬”可知短语为be admired for。故填for。
39．is known 考查固定短语和时态。句意：甘被认为是分享乡村生活并在网上推广相关产品的先驱之一。结合句意表示“被认为……”可知短语为be known as，结合后文who shares country life and promotes sales of related products online可知应用一般现在时，主语为Gan，谓语动词用单数。故填is known。
40．initially 考查副词。句意：甘起初是在侄子的鼓励下，让她在他的以乡村生活为主题的短视频中担任主角。修饰动词encourage应用副词initially，作状语。故填initially。
41．featuring 考查非谓语动词。句意：甘起初是在侄子的鼓励下，让她在他的以乡村生活为主题的短视频中担任主角。分析句子结构可知feature在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语short videos构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。故填featuring。
42．which 考查定语从句。句意：随着甘的名气越来越大，他们开始出售自家果园里的水果，但很快就供不应求了。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文fruit from their family orchard，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
43．agricultural 考查形容词。句意：然后，他们创办了一家电子商务公司，销售来自该地区各地的各种农产品。修饰后文名词product应用形容词agricultural，作定语。故填agricultural。
44．a 考查冠词。句意：甘的公司取得了巨大的成功，她也因此获得了很多奖项。success此处为抽象名词具体化，表示“成功的事物”为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且great是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
45．achievement(s) 考查名词。句意：甘的公司取得了巨大的成功，甘的成就让她获得了很多奖项。空处作宾语，表示“成就”应用名词achievement，此处可用单数也可用复数形式。故填achievement(s)。
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10 处，多者(从11处起)不计分。
(2021·河南省安阳市高三年级5月第三次模拟考试)
Dear David，
I have known from your letter that you will take the Chinese Proficiency Test, where makes you very nervous.That’s quite normal and you are not alone, so don’t worry too many about it.
That you should do is make full preparations for it.Firstly, get familiar with the issues related the Chinese Proficiency Test, included its targets, procedures, contents and rules.What’s the more, practice makes perfect.If you took a lot of practice every day, your language ability will improve steady.
Good luck.Work hard but I really hope you can get a good score in the tests.
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear David，
I have known from your letter that you will take the Chinese Proficiency Test, makes you very nervous.That’s quite normal and you are not alone, so don’t worry too about it.
you should do is make full preparations for it.Firstly, get familiar with the issues related the Chinese Proficiency Test, its targets, procedures, contents and rules.What’s the more，practice makes perfect.If you a lot of practice every day, your language ability will improve .
Good luck.Work hard I really hope you can get a good score in the test.
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】 本文是一篇应用文。朋友David将参加汉语水平测试，作者写信去鼓励他，并提出建议。
1．考查定语从句。句意：我从你的信中得知你将参加汉语水平测试，这让你非常紧张。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且修饰句子，所以应用关系代词which。故将where改为which。
2．考查副词。句意：这很正常，你不是一个人，所以不要太担心。修饰动词worry应用副词too much表示“太过”。故将many改为much。
3．考查代词或名词性从句。句意：你应该做的是做好充分的准备。此处可看作是主语从句，作is的主语，从句中缺少宾语，且是指事情，所以应用what引导。也可以用all作主语，you should do为省略关系代词的定语从句修饰all。故将That改为What或者All。
4．考查介词和固定搭配。句意：首先，熟悉汉语水平测试的相关问题，包括其目标、程序、内容和规则。be related to意为“和……相关”，为固定搭配。故在related后加to。
5．考查介词。句意：首先，熟悉汉语水平测试的相关问题，包括其目标、程序、内容和规则。根据句意可知，此处是指包括其目标、程序、内容和规则，所以应用介词including表示“包括”。故将included改为including。
6．考查固定搭配。句意：而且，熟能生巧。what’s more意为“并且，而且”，为固定搭配。故将the去掉。
7．考查时态。句意：如果你每天做大量的练习，你的语言能力会稳步提高。根据your language ability will improve steady可知，主句用一般将来时，条件状语从句中应用一般现在时，主语为you，谓语动词使用原形。故将took改为take。
8．考查副词。句意：如果你每天做大量的练习，你的语言能力会稳步提高。修饰动词improve应用副词。故将steady改为steadily。
9．考查连词。句意：努力学习，我真的希望你能在考试中取得好成绩。Work hard和I really hope you can get a good score in the test为并列关系，所以应用连词and。故将but改为and。
10．考查名词。句意：努力学习，我真的希望你能在考试中取得好成绩。此处是指这次汉语水平测试，所以test应用单数形式。故将tests改为test。
