北师大版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 Education>Lesson 3 Understanding课件（45张ppt）

(共45张PPT)
Unit 5 Education
Lesson 3 Understanding
Vocabulary
1. worthy
worthy 可以做表语和定语。
be worthy of sth. 值得……
It is worthwhile doing/ to do sth.
sth. is worth doing
sth. is worthy of being done
sth. is worthy to be done
练习：He is _____________ of your praise.
worthy
2. approve
approve of sth. 同意/ 赞同某事
approve of sb. doing sth. 赞成某人/ 同意某人做某事
approve of sb's doing sth. 赞成某人/ 同意某人做某事
approval n. 赞成；认可；批准
练习：In fact I don't __________ of my his plan.
approve
Vocabulary
3. urge
urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge sth. on/ upon sb. = urge on/ upon sb. sth.
向某人极力陈述某事
urge sb. into doing sth. 催促/ 力劝某人做某事
have an urge to do sth. 有做某事的冲动
urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的
urgently adv. 紧急地；急迫地
练习：They __________ us to go at once.
urge
Vocabulary
4. abandon
abandon sb. 抛弃某人
abandon sth. 舍弃某物/ 中止某事
abandon oneself to sth. 陷入；沉湎于
abandoned adj. 被遗弃的，被抛弃的
练习：Snow forced them to ___________ their vehicles.
abandon
Vocabulary
5. assumption
assumption n. 假设，假定
make an assumption 做一个假设
on the assumption that 假设
assume sb. to do sth... 假定某人做某事
It is assumed that... 据认为……
assuming that 假设……
练习：We are working on the _______________.
assumption
Vocabulary
6. respected
respect vt. & n. [U] 尊敬；尊重；[C] 敬意（常用复数形式）
respect sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）某事而尊重某人
show respect for sb. 尊敬某人
have respect for sb. 尊敬/ 敬重某人
in respect of 关于；就……而言
with respect to 关于；就……而言
respectable adj. 值得尊敬的
respectful adj. 表示敬意的；尊敬的
练习：He is a very _______________ columnist.
respected
Vocabulary
7. owe
owe sb. sth. 欠某人某物
owe sth. (to sb.) (for sth.) 欠（某人）某物
owe sth.to sb./ sth. 把某物归功于某人/ 某物
owing to = because of = due to = on account of
= as a result of 由于；因为
练习：They ___________ their success to hard work.
owe
Vocabulary
8. vital
be of vital importance 至关重要的
be vital to… 对……很重要
It is vital that… ……是十分重要的。（that从句中要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可以省略）
练习：Education is very ___________ to a country.
vital
Vocabulary
9. beneficial
be beneficial to... 对……有益
benefit v. & n. 对……有益；得益；益处，好处
benefit from 从……中获得益处
be of benefit to... 对……有益
for sb's benefit = for the benefit of sb. 为了某人的利益
练习：A good diet is highly ___________ to health.
beneficial
Vocabulary
10. put forward
put up 挂起；举起；张贴
put on 穿上；上演；假装
put an end to 结束
put out 熄灭，扑灭
put up with 容忍，忍受
put off 推迟
练习：They _____________ many reasons for not exporting.
put forward
Vocabulary
Pair Work Which of the following may help you acquire knowledge more effectively Discuss in pairs and give explanations.
READ AND EXPLORE
to be interested in the topic
to ask questions
to discuss topics with friends
to be relaxed and happy
to have time to think about what you have learnt
Pair Work Which of the following may help you acquire knowledge more effectively Discuss in pairs and give explanations.
READ AND EXPLORE
Suggested answers:
I think asking questions can help me acquire knowledge more effectively. If I have something unclear, it's the easiest way to clarify my thought, gain expanded perspectives and new experiences.
Read paragraph 1. According to the writer, how do we acquire knowledge and achieve understanding Complete the flow chart.
To start with, we need ____________________________.
Then, to find answers, we ______________________________________________.
After that, we ________________________________________________.
READ AND EXPLORE
questions
observe the world around us and study the facts
consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones
Read paragraphs 2-3. Complete the sentences.
1. Francis Bacon believed that the way to gain knowledge is ________________. But most people in his days believed __________________________.
2. Galileo Galilei proved that ______________________________________________. But many people in his days ____________________________________________________________________________________________.
READ AND EXPLORE
thinking
more in religion
the Earth was not the centre of the universe
tended to ignore the facts and didn't want to challenge what they had always comfortably believed
Read paragraphs 2-3. Complete the sentences.
3. Aristotle's understanding of the universe was that ____________________________________________ because ______________________________________.
4. It is still often true today that ____________________________________________________________.
READ AND EXPLORE
the Earth must be the centre of the universe
it felt like the Earth was standing still
people don't want to abandon what they've always thought as true
Answer the questions.
1. What position did Bacon hold during his days and what was his true interest
Bacon held an important rank under King James (1566~1625) of England. His true interest was the worthy search for knowledge.
2. At first people approved of Galilei's studies, but later they got angry. Why
They didn't want to challenge what they had always thought was true.
READ AND EXPLORE
Answer the questions.
3. Why did people choose to believe views that were about 2,000 years old
Because they were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.
4. Were great men in history always correct Give examples.
No. Galilei made mistakes. He believed that the Earth moved round the sun in a perfect circle. But he was wrong.
READ AND EXPLORE
Answer the questions.
5. According to the writer, will anyone be in the position to say "We know it all." Use examples to explain.
None of us can say "We know it all." Bacon and Galilei knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for.
READ AND EXPLORE
Find out what each pronoun refers to in the text.
Example After that, we consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. (Para. 1) ones = answers
READ AND EXPLORE
1. ...he was going against the views of the day. (Para. 2) he = ____________
2. This was certainly not the interest...(Para.2) This = ___________________________________
3. ...what they had always comfortably believed. (Para. 2) They = ____________________________
Bacon
the worthy search for knowledge
the church and many people
Find out what each pronoun refers to in the text.
Example After that, we consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. (Para. 1) ones = answers
READ AND EXPLORE
4. ... they grew angry and put him in prison. (Para. 3) they = ____________
5. ...then it must be so. (Para.3) it = ____________
6. He is now known as ... (Para. 3) He = ____________
people
something
Galileo
Circle the linking words in the text that the writer used in order to express his/ her opinion coherently.
READ AND EXPLORE
Para. 1
To start with, we need questions. Then to find answers, we observe the world around us and study the facts. After that we consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. (line 2-7)
Circle the linking words in the text that the writer used in order to express his/ her opinion coherently.
READ AND EXPLORE
Para. 2
However in the 17th century when Francis Bacon (1561-1626) suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge, he was going against the views of the day. (line 12-14)
At that time people believed more in the church than in facts… (line 17)
Circle the linking words in the text that the writer used in order to express his/ her opinion coherently.
READ AND EXPLORE
Para. 3
At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison. (line 33-35)
Circle the linking words in the text that the writer used in order to express his/ her opinion coherently.
READ AND EXPLORE
Para. 4
Therefore our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing.
In other words we learn more every day and none of us can ever sit back and say, "We know it all." (line 42-44)
1. What do you think the last sentence of the passage means
"These men knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for; more vital to a man, and more beneficial to mankind, some might say, than all the money in the world."
Group Work
Think and share
Suggested answers:
I think the last sentence of the text means that knowledge and understanding are more important than money. They are more helpful and useful because they can guide our ways of learning about the world and help us solve problems all the time while money can just buy certain goods and solve problems for some time.
Group Work
Think and share
2. What is the writer's attitude towards the way to acquire knowledge How did the writer make his/ her opinion clear to the readers Underline the expressions that show the writer's attitude.
The writer's attitude to acquiring knowledge is to keep asking questions and respect facts. We do not just accept answers from authority.
The writer illustrated his/ her points by using examples of Galilei and ideas from great thinkers like Bacon.
Group Work
Think and share
The following sentences all contain false information. Use the words and phrases below to correct them.
1. In Bacon's days, the working style of the government was very efficient.
_______________________________________________________________
2. People were strongly against Galilei's studies at first and then they urged him to give up.
_________________________________________________________________
In Bacon's days, the working style of the government was very inefficient.
People approved of Galilei's studies at first and then they urged him to continue.
The following sentences all contain false information. Use the words and phrases below to correct them.
3. Our understanding of the world is stable.
____________________________________________________________
4. People in the past were willing to give up what they had always thought as true.
_____________________________________________________________________
Our understanding of the world is constantly growing and changing.
People in the past didn't want to abandon what they had always thought as true.
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:
WORDS THAT CAN GO TOGETHER
Look at the Word Builder. Find the verbs or phrases from the text that can go together with the nouns given. And add more.
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:
WORDS THAT CAN GO TOGETHER
Look at the Word Builder. Find the verbs or phrases from the text that can go together with the nouns given. And add more.
knowledge
acquire
gain
obtain
search for
practise
use
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:
WORDS THAT CAN GO TOGETHER
Look at the Word Builder. Find the verbs or phrases from the text that can go together with the nouns given. And add more.
idea
abandon
have
give
think of
give up
put forward
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:
WORDS THAT CAN GO TOGETHER
Look at the Word Builder. Find the verbs or phrases from the text that can go together with the nouns given. And add more.
problem
study
find
figure out
put forward
work out
solve
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:
WORDS THAT CAN GO TOGETHER
Look at the Word Builder. Find the verbs or phrases from the text that can go together with the nouns given. And add more.
fact
ignore
explain
present
believe in
find
describe
EXPRESS YOURSELF
Group Work Look at the three critical thinking questions below. Prepare at least two more questions you can ask about this passage. Then ask and answer the questions in groups.
Why did the writer write this passage
How do I know what I'm reading is true
What is the relationship between the ideas in the text
语法：动词词组
一、动词+介词
account for, adapt to, add to, adjust to, agree with, agree to, agree on ,aim at, appeal to , approve of, belong to , benefit from, break into/ in, care about, care for, carry out, carry on, concentrate on, consist of, date from, deal with, do with, depend on, dream of, feed on, focus on, insist on, learn from, listen to, long for, look after, look for, look into, object to, refer to, result from, result in, run into, send for, stand for, stick to, suffer from, think about, worry about等。
语法：动词词组
二、动词+副词+介词
add up to, break away from, catch up with, come up with, date back to, do well in, end up with, get down to, keep up with, look down upon, look forward to等。
语法：动词词组
三、动词+名词+介词
catch sight of, do harm to, lose sight of, make fun of, make room for, make use of, pay attention to, show interest in, show respect for, set foot on, take advantage of, take care of, take notice of, take part in 等。
语法：动词词组
四、动词+副词
break down, break out, come about, come on, come out, die away, die out, fall behind, fall down, get up 等。
语法：动词词组
五、动词+名词
make money, make a will, make an impression, make a decision, make a comment, take action, take time, take a bus, take an exam, take one's advice, acquire knowledge, set standards, set an example, keep one's promise/ word, keep a record, break the record, break the silence, break the law/ rule 等。
练习
1. I managed to stick _______ the diet and keep off sweet foods.
2. If I didn't keep an eye _______ the children, they would never do the homework.
3. It is hard to break ___________ the plastic in a short period of time.
4. You just have to keep ________ trying.
to
on
down
on
练习
5. He looks down ___________ whoever doesn't have a college education.
6. We must never lose sight _________ the fact that men must live in harmony with nature.
7. Time must be made full use _______ to complete the project on time.
on/ upon
of
of
练习
8. After he retired from office, he took _______ the work for a while but soon lost interest.
9. Most of these cases end ________ with someone in court and a conviction.
10. The central government is taking measures to bring _________ the prices of daily necessities.
up
up
down