北师大版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 5 Humans and nature Lesson 1 A Sea Story课件(62张ppt)

(共62张PPT)
Unit 5 Humans and Nature
Lesson 1 A Sea Story
Vocabulary
1. crowded
be crowded with 充满……，满是……
crowd n. 人群，一伙人
a crowd of 大量，许多，大批
crowd v. 拥挤；聚集；挤满，挤进
练习：The studio was _________ with visitor.
crowded
2. comment
comment on/ upon… 评论……，对……提意见
make comments on/ about sth. 评论某事
have a comment 有意见要发表
pass (a) comment 发表看法
without comment 不必多说；未做解释
No comment. 无可奉告
练习：Do you have any _________
Vocabulary
comment
3. survive
survive on (以……) 维持生命
A survives B A 比B活得长
survive +宾语 幸免于……
survive sb. by…year(s) 比某人多活了……年
survival n. 幸存，幸免
survivor n. 幸存者，生还者
练习：These animals may not __________ the winter.
survive
Vocabulary
4. risk
risk sth. to do sth. 冒着失去某物的危险做某事
risk sth. on sth. 在某方面冒着失去某物的危险
risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 (risk 接动名词做宾语)
increase the risk of… 增加……的危险
a major health/ fire risk 健康/ 火灾的一大隐患
Vocabulary
4. risk
at risk 处境危险；遭受危险
at the risk of doing sth. 冒着做某事的危险
run the risk of doing sth. 冒着做某事的风险
take a risk/ take risks 冒险
练习：Don't _____________ your health to smoke.
risk
Vocabulary
5. cover
be covered with 被……覆盖着
from cover to cover 从头到尾
under the cover of 在……的掩护下，趁着
练习：He laughed to ______ his nervousness.
cover
Vocabulary
6. horrible
a horrible dream 噩梦
have a horrible feeling 有种很不好的感觉
a horrible smell 极难闻的气味
horrify v. 使恐惧；使厌恶
horror n. 恐惧；厌恶
horribly adv. 可怕地
练习：What a ___________ thing!
horrible
Vocabulary
7. calm
stay/ keep/ remain calm 保持镇静
calm down 平静下来
calm oneself down 使某人自己平静下来
练习：He tried to keep _______ under pressure.
calm
Vocabulary
8. curious
be curious about sth. 对某事好奇
be curious to do sth. 很想做某事
It's curious that 奇怪的是……
curiously adv. 好奇地
curiosity n. 好奇心；好奇；珍品
练习：Don't be too ___________ about things.
curious
Vocabulary
9. observation
observe v. 观察，遵守（规则、法律等），庆祝
observer n. 观察者，观测者，遵守者
observatory n. 天文台，气象台，瞭望台
observe sth. 观察某事
observe sb. do sth. 看见/ 注意到某人做某事
observe sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
observe that... 遵守……
练习：She has outstanding powers of ________________.
observation
Vocabulary
10. equal
be equal to… 相等；胜任
be equal in sth. 在某方面相等
A equals B in... A在……方面比得上B
without equal = have no equal 无与伦比，无敌，无比
练习：He is ___________ to the position.
equal
Vocabulary
11. escape
escape from prison 越狱
escape serious injury 未受重伤
escape the summer heat 避暑
escape one's attention/ notice 逃过某人的注意；被某人忽视
make one's escape 逃脱
an escape route 逃跑路线
Vocabulary
11. escape
escape from/ out of 逃离……
escape doing sth. 避免做某事
escape one's lips 脱口而出
the date/ name/ title escapes sb. 某人记不起某个日期/ 姓名/ 标题
have a narrow escape 九死一生
练习：He was lucky to ___________ punishment.
escape
Vocabulary
12. recognise
recognise one's voice 听出某人的声音
lrecognise sb./ sth. by... 通过……认出某人/ 某物
I recognised him by his red hair.
recognise that/ what/ how +从句 意识到/ 承认……
recognize… as/ to be… 承认/ 认为……是……
Vocabulary
12. recognise
be recognised as… 被认为是……，被公认为……
It is recognised that... 人们意识到……
recognisable adj. 容易认出的，易于识别的
recognition n. 认识，认出；认可
beyond/ out of recognition (变得) 认不出来
练习：I can ___________ him by his clothes.
recognise
Vocabulary
13. in the direction of
in one's direction 朝某人的方向
in all directions 向四面八方
in the opposite direction 在相反的方向
under one's direction
= under the direction of sb. 在某人的指导下
练习：Let's go ____________________ the building.
in the direction of
Vocabulary
14. turn one's back on
turn one's back 背对
turn a deaf ear to 对……充耳不闻；置若罔闻
turn one's nose up at 瞧不起；轻视
练习：Don't _______________________ them when you are rich.
turn your back on
Vocabulary
Leading in
Do you know any stories about people and the sea Look at the pictures below. Use the words and phrases below to describe the pictures.
ACTIVATE AND SHARE
Example A fisherman is trying to survive a storm.
a fisherman a fishing boat a whirlpool waves
to escape to survive a storm to float wild
You are going to read a text adapted from the short story "A Descent into the Maelstr m". Read the fact file on the right. Answer the questions.
READ AND EXPLORE
1. What is a "Moskoe-strom"
It is a system of tidal whirlpools in the Norwegian Sea.
2. Who wrote the story
Edgar Allan Poe wrote the story.
3. What do you think will happen in the story
Read the text. Discuss the questions.
1. Who are the main characters in the story
The main characters are the fisherman and his brothers.
2. Who is telling the story
The fisherman is telling the story.
READ AND EXPLORE
Read the text. Discuss the questions.
3. When and where did the story happen
This story happened about three years ago in the sea.
4. What effect did the terrible experience have on the storyteller
It broke his body and soul./ It took less than a single day to change his hair from black to white.
READ AND EXPLORE
Read the story again. Complete the information in the boxes. Then add the storyteller's feelings during each situation.
READ AND EXPLORE
When we were coming back from the islands, the sky ____________________________. Then a huge wave _________________and my younger brother _________________. My elder brother __________ "Moskoe-strom!"
was covered with dark clouds
covered our boat
fell into the sea
cried out
The storyteller's feelings: ______________________________
The storyteller was frightened.
Read the story again. Complete the information in the boxes. Then add the storyteller's feelings during each situation.
READ AND EXPLORE
The wind and the waves carried us ____________________________________. Then, we were _________________ it. Suddenly, we _________________.
towards the direction of the whirlpool
on the edge of
went over the edge
The storyteller's feelings: ______________________________
The storyteller was hopeless.
Read the story again. Complete the information in the boxes. Then add the storyteller's feelings during each situation.
READ AND EXPLORE
The boat was on the inside of _____________________ and we were going round ________________________.
After I made three important observations, I tied myself to ______________________. I tried to make my brother ___________, but he was _______________________.
the huge whirlpool
in circles at great speed
a barrel to help me float
understand
The storyteller's feelings: ______________________________
The storyteller was calm.
too frightened to get it
Read the story again. Complete the information in the boxes. Then add the storyteller's feelings during each situation.
READ AND EXPLORE
Soon afterwards, the whirlpool _________________. The waves soon carried me away and finally a boat _________________.
became less wild
picked me up
The storyteller's feelings: ______________________________
The storyteller was tired.
Group Work
Think and share
1. What were the three observations the storyteller made
The three observations were: the large objects fell into the whirlpool quicker, and the round objects and tube-shaped objects did not go into the whirlpool as quickly.
Group Work
Think and share
2. Why did the storyteller survive while his elder brother didn't
The fisherman survived because he was calm in the whirlpool and made clear observations. Based on the observation, he saved himself by tying himself to a barrel to help him float and jumped into the sea.
Group Work
Think and share
3. What does the storyteller mean by "it took only six hours to break my body and soul"
The Moskoe-strom lasted six hours. This broke his body as the storm battered him about. It broke his soul as he lost two brothers in that time. The terror of the maelstr m has had a very negative effect on his mind and body, which he doesn't think they will ever recover from.
Group Work
Think and share
4. What lessons have you learnt from the story Give your reasons.
From this story, we learn that staying calm is very important even when we are in an extremely dangerous situation. At the same time, we should observe what is happening and try to find out ways to escape from the danger.
Group Work
Think and share
5. What is the story trying to say about the relationship between humans and nature
The story shows the following relationships between humans and nature:
· Humans depend on nature.
· Human power is so small compared with nature.
· Humans may be destroyed by nature under certain circumstances.
In English you get words with similar meanings (synonyms) or words with opposite meanings (antonyms). Find more pairs of synonyms and antonyms in the story. Discuss why such words are used.
Pair Work
Synonyms
terrible – horrible
amazing – wonderful
cried out – shouted
frightened – scared
In English you get words with similar meanings (synonyms) or words with opposite meanings (antonyms). Find more pairs of synonyms and antonyms in the story. Discuss why such words are used.
Pair Work
Antonyms
black – white
dark – light
edge – centre
top – bottom
less – more
single – double
calm – wild
old – young
Complete the summary with the information from the story
The storyteller experienced a Moskoe-strom which broke his 1 ________________. One day,
he was out fishing with his two brothers when the sky suddenly clouded over and they were in ________________. A huge 3 _________ covered the boat and his younger brother 4 __________ the sea. The boat went over the edge into the 5 ____________ and
they went round in circles. The storyteller felt there was
body and soul
a terrible storm
wave
fell into
whirlpool
Complete the summary with the information from the story
no escape but observed that round and 6 ____________ shaped objects of 7 ________________ fell down more slowly. So he 8 _______________________ to help himself float. He tried to make his elder brother understand, but he was too 9 ________________________________. Finally, the storyteller 10 __________ the storm.
tube-shaped
equal extent
tied himself to a barrel
terrified and stayed in the heavy boat
survived
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:
RELATIVE CLAUSES (2)
Read the sentences from the text. Underline the words that introduce relative clauses and circle the words that the relative clauses refer to.
1. That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul.
2. ...the reason why I'm here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.
3. …and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were.
______
______
______
Pair Work Read the sentences below and compare them. Which choice (a or b) do you think is better Why
1. a Is there a shop nearby I want to buy some sweets in the shop.
b Is there a shop nearby where I can buy some sweets
2. a We can go there on Sunday. Few people go to work on Sunday.
b We can go there on Sunday when few people go to work.
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:
RELATIVE CLAUSES (2)
Pair Work Read the sentences below and compare them. Which choice (a or b) do you think is better Why
3. a He was so upset for some reason. He didn't tell me the reason.
b He didn't tell me the reason why he was so upset.
Using relative clauses helps to make the sentences logically clearer and concise. Relative clauses can also help to omit repeated words and expressions.
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:
RELATIVE CLAUSES (2)
Complete the sentences about yourself using relative clauses
1. I'll never forget the day _______________________________________.
2. I was born in a city/ town _____________________________________.
3. I'll never know the reason _____________________________________.
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:
RELATIVE CLAUSES (2)
Prepare a story about something scary or unusual you experienced or you know and use relative clauses to tell it to your partner.
Example My story happened on a dark night when…
EXPRESS YOURSELF
Pair Work
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中用作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when, where, why或“介词+which”。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词的作用如下：
（1）指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；
（2）在从句中充当句子成分——状语，即在从句中起副词的作用；
（3）起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来构成主从复合句。
1. when引导定语从句的用法
（1）当先行词是表示时间的名词（如time, day, year, month, week等），且关系词在从句中做时间状语时，定语从句用when引导。
（2）when可以换成“介词+which”。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when引导定语从句的用法
I still remember the time when (= in which) I was in college.
我仍然记得我上大学的那段时光。
I have forgotten the exact date when (= on which) this country became independent.
我忘记这个国家独立的确切日期了。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when引导定语从句的用法
注意：当先行词是表示时间的名词时，既可以用 when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在定语从句中做何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当时间状语，利用when引导；若关系词在定语从向中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which 引导。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when引导定语从句的用法
Do you still remember the days (that/ which) we spent together on the farm
你还记得我们一起在农场度过的那些日子吗？
（that或which做spent的宾语）
Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night
你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？
（when 在从句中做时间状语）
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
2. where引导定语从句的用法
（1）当先行词是表示具体地点的名词（如place, room, mountain, airport等）或抽象地点的名词（如case, state, condition, point, situation等），且关系词在从句中做地点状语时，定语从句用where引导。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
2. where引导定语从句的用法
We have reached a point where a change is needed.
我们已经到了需要做出改变的地步。
He gets into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right or wrong.
他陷入一种难以判断对错的境地。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
2. where引导定语从句的用法
（2）where可以换成“介词+which”。
This is the hotel where (= in which) they stayed.
这就是他们待过的旅馆。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
2. where引导定语从句的用法
注意：当先行词为地点名词时，如果指代先行词的关系词在定语从句中做主语或宾语，则用 that或which引导定语从句。
His father works in a factory which/ that makes radio parts.
他的父亲在一家生产收音机零件的工厂里工作。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
3. 辨析where 引导的定语从句和状语从句（1）where引导定语从句时，它是关系副词，在定语从句中做地点状语，其前有一个表示地点的先行词。此时，where可以换成“介词+ which”结构。where引导的定语从句只能位于主句之后或句中，不能位于句首。
Is there a shop around where (= in which) we can buy some fruit
附近有没有一个商店可以让我们在里面买到一些水果？
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
3. 辨析where 引导的定语从句和状语从句（2）where引导状语从句时，where为从属连词。where引导的地点状语从句修饰主句中的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的名词。此时，where不能换成“介词+which”结构。where引导的地点状语从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
3. 辨析where 引导的定语从句和状语从句Where there is a will, there is a way.
（谚）有志者，事竟成。
We should go where we are needed.
我们应该到需要我们的地方去。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
4. why引导定语从句的用法
（1）当先行词是表示原因的名词reason，且关系词在从句中做原因状语时，定语从句用why引导，且只能引导限制性定语从句。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
4. why引导定语从句的用法
（2）why 可以用for which 来代替。
This is the reason why (= for which) he left in a hurry.
这就是他匆匆离去的原因。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
4. why引导定语从句的用法
若代替先行词reason的关系词在定语从句中不做状语，而是充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导定语从句。
The reason that he told me yesterday is a lie.
昨天他告诉我的理由是个谎言。
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
5. 关系代词与关系副词的选择
定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可以用以下两种方式判断：
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
用法 依据
根据从句的谓语动词 若是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；若是不及物动词，则用关系副词
根据先行词在从句中所做的成分 把先行词放入定语从句中，若做主语或宾语用关系代词；做状语则用关系副词
5. 关系代词与关系副词的选择
This is the factory where he used to work.
这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。
（work是不及物动词）
This is the factory (that/ which) I visited last year.
这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。
（visit是及物动词）
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
5. 关系代词与关系副词的选择
Is this the museum (that/ which) you visited a few days ago
这就是你几天前参观的那家博物馆吗
（从句缺少宾语）
Is this the museum where the exhibition was held
这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？
（从句缺少地点状语）
语法：关系副词引导的定语从句
练习
1. We will put off the picnic until next week, _________ the weather may be better.
2. There are several reasons _________ school uniforms are a good idea.
3. One day___________ I was walking by the school playground, a football fell in front of me
4. There was a time _________ people may have felt awkward about asking for a seat.
when
why
when
when
练习
5. Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job ___________ I could work alone.
6. I will never forget the days ___________ we stayed together in the countryside.
7. The reason ___________ he was late was that something was wrong with his bike.
8. Self-driving is an area ___________ the world is on the starting line.
where
when
why
where