2022届中考英语语法专题练习-定语从句（含答案解析）

2022届中考英语语法专题练习-定语从句
一、单项选择（共25小题；共62分）
1. My cousin likes to read magazines . He can get some ideas about which places to travel.
A.that talk about popular cartoons
B.that explain science experiments
C.which tell stories of famous people
D.which introduce wonders of the world
2. I don't want to make friends with those people _____ think of themselves first when in trouble.
A.who B.which C.those D.whom
3. Yuan Longping is a great scientist was honored as "The Father of Hybrid Rice".
A.when B.who C.which D.whose
4. — Do you like the weekly talk show, The Readers, on CCTV
—Sure. It's a great TV program _____ purpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the public.
A.which B.that C.what D.whose
5. I like sweet—and—sour pork ribs (糖醋排骨) _____ my mother cooks.
A.that B.who C.what
6. The book _____ cover has a beautiful picture is Lily's.
A.which B.whose C.that
7. This is the question _____ we are talking about now.
A.that B.who C.where D.when
8. She often parks her car near the house _____ she can easily get to.
A.where B.who C.which D.what
9. A kind of shared bike _____ is called bluegogo is getting more and more popular in Chengdu.
A.it B.who C.which
10. Zhong Nanshan is a medical expert _____ saves lives and is always honest.
A.which B.who C.what D.whose
11. We'll never forget those _____ lost their lives for our country.
A.who B.which C.whom
12. Mary is my English teacher not only teaches me knowledge but also how to be a good person.
A.She B.which C.who
13. In America, Thanksgiving is a holiday celebrates the love of family.
A.who B./ C.that
14. This is the best film _____ I have ever seen.
A.that B.which C.who D.whom
15. He is the student _____ won the competition.
A.who B.which C.whom
16. Sweet wormwood (青蒿) is a common plant in China. Tu Youyou is the woman _____ used the plant's special power to save millions of lives.
A.which B.who C.whose D./
17. —Why are you so worried
—I've lost the watch _____ my dad bought for my birthday.
A.what B.who C.whose D.which
18. This is a heart-warming story about a boy _____ saved his mother's life.
A.which B.who C.whose D.whom
19. This is the first birthday gift _____ I received. I've kept it many years.
A.which B.that C.who D.what
20. —We teenagers should look up to the people _____ have made great achievements to our country, like Yuan Longping.
—I think so.
A.who B.what C.which D.whose
21. I will remember the important people in my life _____ helped and supported me.
A.who B.which C.what D.how
22. We know the boy _____ is talking to the head teacher.
A.who B.whom C.whose D.which
23. —Do you know the boy _____ hand writing won the first in the competition
—Oh, he is Wang Wei, our monitor.
A.who B.whose C.whom D.which
24. We all miss Wu Mengchao _____ saved thousands of lives in his medical work.
A.which B.what C.who
25. Peppa Pig (《小猪佩奇》) is a British cartoon _____ has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents.
A.who B.which C./
答案
第一部分
1 . D
【解析】
此题考查的是定语从句。句意：我的表弟喜欢阅读介绍世界奇观的杂志。他可以从中得出去哪旅游的想法。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为“magazines”，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句；且根据下句中的“places to travel”可知，此处表示与旅游相关的杂志。故选D。
因此，正确答案是D。
2 . A
【解析】
此题考查的是定语从句的用法。句意：我不喜欢跟那些在有困难时首先考虑自己的人做朋友。先行词为those people，在从句中充当主语成分，因此用who来替代。
因此，正确答案是A。
3 . B
【解析】
此题考查的是定语从句。句意：袁隆平是一位伟大的科学家，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。 who 关系代词，所指代的先行词是人，作主语或宾语；which 关系代词，所指代的先行词是事物，作主语或宾语，“介词+which”有时可与相应的关系副词互换；whose 关系代词，所指代的先行词是人或事物，作定语；when 关系副词，先行词是时间名词，在从句中作时间状语。此处先行词是人scientist，关系词在从句中作主语，选B。
因此，正确答案是B。
4 . D
5 . A
6 . B
7 . A
8 . C
9 . C
10 . B
【解析】
句意：钟南山是一名拯救生命且总是诚实的医学专家。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，先行词 expert 是人，引导词在从句中作主语。故选 B。
11 . A
【解析】
句意：我们将永不忘记那些为我们的国家牺牲生命的人。
考查定语从句。who 指代人，在定语从句做主语或宾语；which 指代物，在定语从句做主语或宾语；whom 指代人，在定语从句做宾语。此处先行词是 those 指的是“那些人”，定语从句用关系代词 who 做主语。故选 A。
12 . C
【解析】
此题考查的是定语从句连接词辨析。句意：Mary是我的英语老师，她不仅教我知识，而且教我如何做一个好人。she 她，人称代词主格，作主语，不引导定语从句；which 先行词是表物的名词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who 先行词是人，在定语从句中作宾语或主语。本句空格前没有“句点”，故本句是一个定语从句，主句主语是Mary，故排除she；此处先行词是人，且在从句中作主语，故用who。
因此，正确答案是C。
13 . C
【解析】
此题考查的是定语从句关系词辨析。句意：在美国，感恩节是一个庆祝家庭之爱的节日。that 关系代词，所指代的先行词是人或事物，作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略；who 关系代词，所指代的先行词是人，作主语或宾语；此处先行词是holiday，关系词作主语，故选C。
因此，正确答案是C。
14 . A
15 . A
【解析】
句意：他是那个在比赛中获胜的学生。考查定语从句的关系代词。本句是定语从句，先行词 the student 是人，关系词在定语从句中做主语，可知使用关系代词 who。
16 . B
17 . D
18 . B
19 . B
20 . A
21 . A
【解析】
句意：我将记住我生命中那些帮助和支持过我的重要的人们。考查关系代词。who 先行词为人；which 先行词为物；what 不引导定语从句；how 在从句中充当方式状语。此处引导定语从句修饰先行词 people，是人，应该用 who 引导，故选 A。
22 . A
23 . B
24 . C
25 . B
【解析】
本题考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词是 a British cartoon，关系代词在定语从句中作主语。
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